外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope精品第一课时随堂练习题

Unit 6　Disaster and hope

课时作业16　Starting out & Understanding ideas

Hunter Shamatt lost his wallet while he was on a flight from Omaha to Denver earlier this month. Upon realizing that his wallet was lost, he __1__ the airline to see if anyone had turned it in—but fruitlessly. __2__ the wallet contained his ID, a signed paycheck, $60 in cash, etc, he feared the worst.

Two days after the flight, however, Hunter was __3__ to receive a package in the mail from an anonymous (匿名的) sender. Inside was his wallet—__4__ an additional $40 in cash. “I rounded your cash up to an even $100 so you could celebrate the __5__ of your wallet.”， read a letter that was enclosed with the package.

Hunter's mother, Jeannie, posted a photo of the __6__ to social media in hopes that they would be able to track down the sender. All they had to go on was that the letter was __7__ from Applied Underwriters in Omaha and the sender's initials were signed “T.B.”. The sender was later __8__ as Todd Brown, who was delighted to “have a little fun” with helping out a hard­working stranger.

“I saw he was just a kid, 20 years old. He had a paycheck in there, so I __9__， ‘Well, he's doing his best to make ends meet.’ ” said Brown. “Hunter was very __10__. He told me he has some student loans to pay within two days so the __11__ was right，” Brown added, “He __12__ it was gone forever. So when he opened it, he just started screaming, ‘No way! No way！’”

Brown says that he often tries to do good things without any recognition; that's why he didn't sign his __13__ on the letter, but Jeannie later insisted on __14__ him on social media. Jeannie wrote on Facebook, “This story is more about rebuilding __15__ in people than anything.”

这是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Hunter在机场丢了钱包，后意外收到匿名人士寄来的包裹，里面是他的钱包，还有40美元。Hunter的母亲通过网络找到了寄件人。这个故事让人们重建对人性的信心。

1．A.ordered B．contacted

C．caught D．checked

答案：B

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他意识到他的钱包丢了时，他联系了航空公司，想看看是否有人把钱包交上去了——但是没有结果。A.ordered预定；B.contacted联系；C.caught抓住；D.checked检查。根据常识可知，他丢了钱包之后第一时间去联系航空公司，故选B项。

2．A.Though B．While

C．Since D．Unless

答案：C

解析：考查连词辨析。句意：Hunter Shamatt 的钱包里有他的身份证、一张签了名的支票、60美元的现金，等等，他担心会发生最坏的情况。A.Though尽管；B.While然而，当；C.Since因为；D.Unless除非。根据语境可知，此处两句是因果关系，故选C项。

3．A.shocked B．amused

C．anxious D．frightened

答案：A

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当亨特收到一个匿名寄件人寄来的包裹时，他感到很震惊。A.shocked震惊的；B.amused愉快的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.frightened吓坏的。根据语境可知，收到了一个匿名寄件人的包裹，亨特是非常震惊的，故选A项。

4．A.apart from B．except for

C．along with D．instead of

答案：C

解析：考查词组辨析。句意：里面是他的钱包，另外还有40美元现金。A.apart from除了；B.except for除了；C.along with和……一起；D.instead of代替。结合语境和下文可知，包裹中有亨特的钱包，另外还有40美金，故选C项。

5．A.search B．completeness

C．value D．return

答案：D

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把你的现金四舍五入到100美元，这样你就可以庆祝你的钱包回来了。A.search 搜寻；B.completeness完整；C.value价值；D.return 返回。结合语境可知，此处意为“钱包的返还”，故选D项。

6．A.sender B．letter

C．wallet D．package

答案：B

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：亨特的母亲珍妮把这封信的照片发到社交媒体上，希望他们能找到寄件人。A.sender 寄件人；B.letter信件；C.wallet钱包；D.package包裹。根据语境可知，因为是匿名包裹，亨特的母亲是想通过这个人写的信找到寄件人，故选B项。

7．A.accepted B．sent

C．taken D．collected

答案：B

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这封信是由奥马哈的应用保险公司发出的，发信人的首字母缩写是“T.B.”。A.accepted 接受；B.sent发送；C.taken取走；D.collected收集。根据语境和下文可知选B项。

8．A.known B．considered

C．identified D．introduced

答案：C

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：发送者后来被确认为托德·布朗(Todd Brown)，他很高兴能“快乐地”帮助一位努力工作的陌生人。A.known认识；B.considered考虑；C.identified 辨认；D.introduced介绍。be identified as意为“被认为是……”，故选C项。

9．A.noticed B．replied

C．doubted D．figured

答案：D

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我看到他只是个孩子，20岁。他在那里有份薪水，所以我想‘好吧，他在尽自己最大努力使得收支平衡。’”布朗说。A.noticed注意到；B.replied 回复；C.doubted疑惑；D.figured认为。根据语境可知，‘Well, he's doing his best to make ends meet.’ 是Brown内心的考虑，故选D项。

10．A.thankful B．stressful

C．thoughtful D．regretful

答案：A

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亨特非常感激。A.thankful 感激的；B.stressful有压力的；C.thoughtful深思的；D.regretful 遗憾的。根据语境可知，因为陌生人的善举，亨特肯定是很感激的，故选A项。

11．A.behavior B．number

C．timing D．paycheck

答案：C

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，他有一些学生贷款要在两天内还清，所以时机是对的。A.behavior行为；B.number 号码；C.timing时机；D.paycheck薪水。根据常识和语境可知，亨特收到了自己丢失的钱包，恰逢要在两天内还清贷款，故时机是对的，故选C项。

12．A.remembered B．assumed

C．admitted D．imagined

答案：B

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以为它永远消失了。A.remembered 记住；B.assumed认为；C.admitted承认；D.imagined 想象。根据常识可知，Hunter 认为钱包丢了有可能就找不到了，故选B项。

13．A.address B．mark

C．phone number D．full name

答案：D

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：布朗说，他经常试图做一些匿名的好事；所以他没有在信上写全自己的名字。A.address地址；B.mark标志；C.phone number电话号码；D.full name全名。根据前文可知Brown并没有把自己的全名写在包裹上，故选D项。

14．A.questioning B．praising

C．disturbing D．surprising

答案：B

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但珍妮后来坚持在社交媒体上称赞他。A.questioning 提问；B.praising表扬；C.disturbing 打扰；D.surprising惊讶。根据前文的posted a photo of the __6__ to social media可知，珍妮在网络上赞扬Brown的善举，故选B项。

15．A.faith B．ambition

C．appreciation D．strength

答案：A

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事最重要的是关于重建人们的信心。A.faith信仰；B.ambition雄心；C.appreciation 欣赏；D.strength力量。根据语境可知，这个故事最重要的是让人们重建对人性的信心，故选A项。

A

Michelle Kwan is a champion ice skater who has won five World Championships, nine US Championships and two Olympic medals, in addition to countless other skating competitions. While audiences have seen her glide effortlessly across the ice, long hours of practice and devotion contribute to each jump and spin.

Kwan began ice skating when she was five years old, and her skill quickly became evident. At the age of eight, she skated several hours a day, every day of the week. Before school, after school and on weekends, she was at the ice rink. The cost of ice time and coaches quickly grew, but her parents were committed to her success. Her family sold their home and purchased a much smaller one to free up money to pay for her ice skating.

When Kwan was 13, she performed at her first US National Championships. After a disappointing performance, she swore to work even harder and improve. She did. The next year, she finished second. From there she went on to win a silver medal at the 1998 Olympics and the first of her World Championships. She followed up with a bronze medal at the 2002 Olympic Games.

Kwan is the most decorated figure skater in American history. She was the sole member to the US Figure Skating Hall of Fame and the World Figure Skating Hall of Fame classes of 2012, and in 2014, she was appointed to the Hall of Fame at the US National Competition.

Even after retiring from skating, Kwan has not given up her devotion to learning, service and hard work. She received her college degree in 2009 from the University of Denver and is pursuing graduate studies in international relations at Tufts University. Meanwhile, she has held several diplomatic and ambassador positions representing the United States globally. Ultimately，whether on the ice, in the classroom or representing her nation, Kwan presents one consistent quality—devotion.

这是一篇说明文。关颖珊是著名的滑冰运动员，曾经获得五次世界花样滑冰锦标赛冠军、九次美国花样滑冰锦标赛冠军及两枚冬奥会奖牌。被认为是历史上最伟大的花样滑冰选手之一。

1．What do we know about Kwan according to the text?

A．She performed badly in her first national competition.

B．She has won five US Championships.

C．She failed to graduate from Tufts University.

D．She hasn't won the second place in Olympic Games.

答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句After a disappointing performance, she swore to work even harder and improve.可知Kwan在第一次全国性比赛中表现很差，故选A。

2．Which of the following can best describe Kwan?

A．Warm­hearted. B．Energetic.

C．Easy­going. D．Devoted.

答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Ultimately，whether on the ice, in the classroom or representing her nation, Kwan presents one consistent quality—devotion.可知最终无论是在冰上，在教室里，或代表她的国家，她都呈现了一个始终如一的品质——奉献。可知Kwan对滑冰“全身心投入”，故选D。

3．What may be the best title for the text?

A．The Way to Success

B．A Great Skater

C．How to Be a Good Player?

D．Why Is Devotion Important?

答案：B

解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了著名滑冰运动员关颖珊，她曾经获得五次世界花样滑冰锦标赛冠军、九次美国花样滑冰锦标赛冠军、两枚冬奥会奖牌。被认为是历史上最伟大的花样滑冰选手之一。故文章介绍了“一个伟大的滑冰者”，故选B。

B

After disappearing for over 19 years, measles (麻疹) is making a comeback in America. Since January 2019, the disease has infected more than 700 people, mostly small children, and the number seems to be increasing daily.

Measles is an infectious disease that typically begins with a high fever, cough, runny nose, and red, watery eyes. Many people also lose their appetites and feel sleepy. About three to four days after the symptoms start, the person breaks out into a rash (皮疹) that begins on the face at the hairline and then spreads to the neck and the rest of the body.

In healthy people, the recovery, which takes between two to three weeks, starts soon after the rash begins. However, for about 40 percent of patients—mainly kids under the age of five or older adults—the disease often leads to pneumonia (肺炎), which, if left untreated, could result in death.

The recent outbreak is thought to have been caused by travelers picking up the virus in a country where the disease is still existing and exposing it to an unvaccinated (未接种的) community in the US. In New York, it was carried back by someone who had recently visited Israel, which is currently undergoing a significant measles, while in Washington, “patient zero” was infected by a type that is currently circulating in Europe.

To limit the spread of the disease before it gets out of hand, US health officials are attempting to educate communities with high rates of unvaccinated children. They are also urging adults to consult with their physicians and get injected if considered necessary by the doctor.

Hopefully, health officials worldwide will be able to convince parents that vaccinating their children will protect, not harm, them.

这是一篇说明文。主要讲了在美国消失了19年的麻疹又卷土重来，并解释了麻疹的症状和患病的结果，并呼吁未接种疫苗儿童尽早接种疫苗。

4．What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A．The causes of measles.

B．The symptoms of measles.

C．The possible results of measles.

D．The cures for measles

答案：C

解析：段落大意题。根据第三段的主要内容可知对于健康的人来说两到三周的时间就可恢复，但对于40%的患者(主要是5岁以下的儿童或老年人)来说，会引起肺炎，不及时治疗，可能会导致死亡，所以本段主要内容是患麻疹可能造成的结果，故选C项。

5．Why did some people develop measles in America?

A．Because it is too hot this year.

B．Because people are too stressed.

C．Because pollution is too serious.

D．Because the virus was taken to America.

答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的The recent outbreak is thought to have been caused by travelers picking up the virus in a country where the disease is still existing and exposing it to an unvaccinated (未接种的) community in the US. 可知美国有些人会患上麻疹是由携带病毒的旅行者引起的，故选D项。

6．What do we know about measles?

A．It once disappeared in America.

B．It starts with a rash.

C．It is mild to everyone.

D．It is impossible to cure.

答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的After disappearing for over 19 years, measles (麻疹) is making a comeback in America. 在消失了19年之后，麻疹在美国卷土重来。可知麻疹在美国曾一度消失过，故选A项。

7．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A．Health. B．Education.

C．Science. D．Entertainment.

答案：A

解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了在美国消失了19年的麻疹又卷土重来，并解释了麻疹的症状和患病的结果，并呼吁未接种疫苗儿童尽早接种疫苗。由此可推知本文会出现在报纸中的“健康”版块，故选A项。

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Throughout history, people have thought of the ocean as a diverse and limitless source of food. Yet today there is clear evidence that the ocean has a limit. Most of the big fish in our ocean are now __1__ (go). One major cause is overfishing. People are taking so many fish from the sea that many species cannot replace __2__ (they)．

For centuries, local fishermen caught only enough fish for their own and their community's needs.However, from the early 20th century, people around the world became interested __3__ consuming protein­rich foods. People began __4__ (catch) large quantities of fish for profit and selling them to worldwide markets. In a very short period of time, commercial fishing __5__ (great) reduced the number of large predatory fish, such as cod and tuna.

Today, there are still plenty of fish in the sea, __6__ they're mostly just the little ones.Small fish, __7__ include sardines and anchovies, have more than doubled in number—largely because there are not enough big fish __8__ (eat) them.

Such large fish __9__ (be) necessary, because they hunt and kill the sick and weak smaller fish. Without this weeding out, or survival of the fittest, ecosystems become less stable. As a result, fish are less able to survive __10__ (difficult) such as pollution, environmental change, or changes in the food supply.

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋中大鱼数量减少的原因以及由此而造成的后果。

1．gone

解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，故填形容词gone，意为“不在了，不见了”。注意：此处不表示被动的含义。

2．themselves

解析：考查代词。根据该从句的主语many species可知，此处应用其反身代词，表示“自我替换”。

3．in

解析：考查介词。be/become interested in 意为“对……感兴趣”，为固定用法，故用介词in。

4．catching

解析：考查非谓语动词。begin doing/to do sth. 意为“开始做某事”，是固定用法，又由句中的“and selling”可知，此处与selling是并列关系，形式应相同，故填catching。

5．greatly

解析：考查副词。修饰动词一般用副词，故用副词greatly修饰动词reduced，在句中作状语。

6．but

解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示转折，故用连词but。

7．which

解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构并根据语境可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Small fish，故用which。

8．to_eat

解析：考查非谓语动词。enough...to do sth.意为“足够的……去做……”，为固定用法，故用不定式。

9．are

解析：考查主谓一致。根据本句中的they可知， Such large fish表示复数概念，故谓语动词用复数。

10．difficulties

解析：考查词性转换。根据语境中所列举的各种困难可知，此处用名词的复数形式，故用difficulties。