高中外研版 (2019)Unit 2 Making a difference优秀第二课时同步练习题

课时作业5　Using language

A

At first, Michael Surrell didn't see the black smoke or flames shooting from the windows of his neighbors' home. Then they got a call from one of his daughters: “The house next door is on fire！” He went over and saw three women crying madly on their porch (门廊)．

“The baby's in the second floor！” one of the women cried. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell, then 64, bravely ran inside. “The baby” was Tiara Roberts, the woman's granddaughter and a playmate of Surrell's three youngest kids.

“Entering the burning house was like running into a bucket of black paint，” Surrell says. The thick smoke caused him to stumble blindly around, burned his eyes, and made it impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been dangerous for anyone, but for Surrell, who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (慢性阻塞性肺病), they were life­threatening.

Taking a deep breath, he moved around in the overwhelming darkness. Because the house had a similar layout to his, he found the stairs and made it to the second floor. Then he heard a soft but clear moan. Still unable to see, Surrell fell to his knees on the hot wood floor. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl. Finally, he touched something. A shoe, then an ankle. He pulled Tiara toward him, scooped her into his arms and stood. Turning, he fought through the smoke and ran blindly into the blackness...

Surrell woke up in the hospital a couple of days later and spent over a week in the hospital. Tiara was released from the hospital after a few days. The fire worsened Surrell's pulmonary condition, and he feels the effects even two years later. As a result, he takes extra medication that helps open his airways. “It's a small price to pay，” he says. “I'd do it again in a heartbeat. I wouldn't give it a second thought.”

本文为记叙文。迈克尔·索雷尔患有慢性阻塞性肺病，但是他还是勇敢、无畏地解救了家中失火的邻居一家。

1．Which of the following statements is true according to the story?

A．Tiara Roberts was the Surrell's youngest granddaughter.

B．Surrell was familiar with the structure of the burning house.

C．Surrell ran into the fire before the fire department was called.

D．The fire was life­threatening for Surrell, mostly considering his age.

答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的Because the house had a similar layout to his, he found the stairs and made it to the second floor.(因为房子的布局和他的房子相似，他找到了楼梯，爬到了二楼)可知，索雷尔对着火的房子的结构很熟悉。故B选项正确。

2．What does the underlined word “overwhelming” probably mean?

A．Normal.   B．Unexpected.

C．Mild. D．Extreme.

答案：D

解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Entering the burning house was like running into a bucket of black paint，” Surrell says. The thick smoke caused him to stumble blindly around, burned his eyes, and made it impossible to breathe. (“进入着火的房子就像撞上了一桶黑色油漆，” 索雷尔说。浓烟使他盲目地跌跌撞撞，灼伤了眼睛，无法呼吸)可知，画线词所在句意为“他深深地吸了一口气，在无边的黑暗中走来走去”。A.Normal正常的；B.Unexpected意想不到的；C.Mild温和的；D.Extreme极度的。由此可知，D项与画线词词义接近。故D选项正确。

3．Judging by the story, which words best describe Surrell's personality?

A．Humorous and patient.

B．Outgoing and intelligent.

C．Warm­hearted and selfless.

D．Determined and ambitious.

答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据全文描述可知，尽管浓烟滚滚的环境对于患有慢性阻塞性肺病的迈克尔·索雷尔是非常危险的，但是迈克尔·索雷尔还是义无反顾地冲进房子中救了邻居。由此可知，迈克尔·索雷尔是一个热心和无私的人。故C选项正确。

B

When Joanne Morton and Lydia Shaw came across the Boston Public Market, which features only New England businesspersons, they knew they had to stop in. The women, visiting from southeastern Connecticut, always try to buy local. “We always try to support our local farmers and businessmen，” says Ms Shaw. “We're_not_into_big_companies，” adds Ms Morton.

They aren't alone. A great number of Americans continue to be attracted by “local” food and to buy it, according to recent surveys from the International Food Information Council Foundation, the Pew Research Center, and British polling firm Ipsos. But what does it mean to shop local? For some, local is still a matter of geography. For others, it is about supporting their local economy (经济). And for still others, it is about knowing where their food comes from and how it is made, even if it is coffee shipped from a Costa Rican company. In 2008, Congress passed a bill that gave money to support local food. According to the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act, a product that can be considered local has to travel less than 400 miles.

But Lydia Zepeda, a professor at the University of Wisconsin­Madison, has found the largest agreement about what is local is any product that comes from within an hour's drive. “But is that with or without traffic？” She asks. “What if it crosses state lines？” adds John Hayes, a food science professor at Pennsylvania State University. “A customer might like to buy local to help an old town，” he says. “Or maybe it's just because local food tastes better.” It is for Kaitlin Bohon. “I taste a difference，” she says at the Boston Public Market. For Ms Bohon, buying local is both about supporting New England business and knowing who grew and handled her food.

这是一篇新闻报道。调查表明许多美国人更愿意购买本地产品，短文阐述了在本地购物对不同人来说有不同的意义。

4．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．We never go into big companies.

B．We're not interested in big companies.

C．Big companies don't support local farmers.

D．Big companies are not good shopping places.

答案：B

解析：词义猜测题。由第一段“The women, visiting from southeastern Connecticut, always try to buy local. ‘We always try to support our local farmers and businessmen，’ says Ms Shaw. ‘We're not into big companies，’ adds Ms Morton.”可知，来自康涅狄格东南部的肖女士总是试图购买当地的产品。肖女士说：“我们总是尽力支持当地的农民和生意人。”莫顿补充说，“我们不喜欢大公司。”所以她们愿意购买本地产品，而不愿意去购买大公司生产的商品。故带下划线的句子的意思是“我们对去大公司不感兴趣”。故B选项正确。

5．According to the passage, buying local ________ in America.

A．is becoming more and more popular

B．is a way to support big companies

C．means people will spend much less

D．allows people to know about their food

答案：A

解析：细节理解题。由第二段“A great number of Americans continue to be attracted by ‘local’ food and to buy it, according to recent surveys from the International Food Information Council Foundation, the Pew Research Center, and the British polling firm Ipsos.”可知，国际食品信息理事会基金会、皮尤研究中心和英国益普索调查公司最近的调查显示，许多美国人继续被“本地”食品所吸引并购买它们。所以根据这篇文章可以看出，购买本地商品正变得越来越流行。故A选项正确。

6．What can be inferred about Kaitlin Bohon according to the text?

A．She is from New England.

B．She knows every cook in her town.

C．She likes to taste different foods.

D．She works at the Boston Public Market.

答案：A

解析：推理判断题。由最后一段“For Ms Bohon, buying local is both about supporting New England business and knowing who grew and handled her food.”可知，对于莫顿来说，购买本地食品既是为了支持新英格兰的生意，也是为了了解谁在种植和经营她的食品。所以判断出她是一名新英格兰人。故A选项正确。

7．The purpose of the passage is ________.

A．to introduce how popular buying local is

B．to attract more people to buying local

C．to explain why people like buying local

D．to discuss the meaning of buying local

答案：D

解析：目的意图题。通读全文可知，调查表明许多美国人更愿意购买本地产品，紧接着开始阐述了本地购物对不同人来说有不同的意义。故这篇文章的目的是讨论本地购物的意义。故D选项正确。

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Many teenagers want to look cool. __1__ Chloe Murray, an eighth­grader at Jefferson Middle School in the US, realized this problem and established a charitable clothes closet (衣橱) to help her peers.

__2__ The school let her use a room for the project.Chloe's classmates joined her as well.Last month, the charitable clothes closet, called Chloe's Closet, opened. __3__ “Confidence is a real issue in middle school, especially when it comes to clothing，” Chloe told the Chicago Tribune, a daily newspaper in Chicago, the US.

__4__ Many people from the school's community and neighboring schools donated used and new clothes.The clothes closet is only open after school.Students can “buy” these clothes by earning “money” when they turn in their schoolwork on time, make corrections on homework, participate in a school activity or express helpfulness to their peers and teachers.Since the first week in March, about 100 items have been “sold” to students.

“__5__ Then, they will be better able to focus on the learning material rather than paying too much attention to what they are wearing，” Shannon Arko, a language arts teacher at the school, said about the mission (使命) of the closet.“Feeling good about yourself translates into a better learning experience overall.”

A．Where are the clothes from?

B．Her school supported the idea too.

C．Fashion has already become an important part of students' lives.

D．You need to supply children with basic needs, such as clothing.

E．But everyone can afford to keep up with the changing fashion trends.

F．But not everyone can afford to keep up with the changing fashion trends.

G．It's filled with trendy clothes for girls and boys to help students look their best.

本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个美国学生发起的并得到学校支持的慈善衣橱活动。

1．F　解析：此处承接上文的“Many teenagers want to look cool.”，再结合下文的慈善衣橱可推知，并不是每个人都有钱去紧跟时尚潮流，所以F项符合语境。

2．B　解析：此处承接下文中的“The school let her use a room for the project.”，由此可推知，学校对克洛艾的这一想法予以支持，故B项符合语境。

3．G　解析：根据第一段的内容及空后一句可推知，克洛艾建立这样一个慈善衣橱是为了帮助同龄人表现出最好的状态，因此衣橱里捐赠的都是时尚的衣物，所以G项符合语境。

4．A　解析：根据空后一句介绍捐赠的衣物的来源，可推知，此处应该是对衣物的来源提问。所以A项符合语境。

5．D　解析：此处承接下文中的“Then, they will...what they are wearing”，由此可推知，只有满足学生的基本需求，比如衣物，他们才能集中注意力学习而不是过多地关注穿着，所以D项符合语境。

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Ever done something you didn't want to do, just to fit in? Or just because your friends wanted you to? That's peer pressure. And just about everyone feels it at one time or another.Peers are people of your age, such as your friends, who have experiences similar to yours. Your peers influence your decisions and behavior every day, and they can push you to make bad choices, even dangerous ones. But is peer pressure always bad?

Actually, peer pressure can sometimes be a good thing. Friends can give you the courage to try something you normally wouldn't, like a new sport or taking part in the school play. Nicole S．,16, used to be afraid of singing in front of people. One time, her friends convinced her to sing karaoke with them. She ended up having fun! “Now I will sing anywhere, even with people present. Positive peer pressure helped me face my fear，” she says.

The people around you can also be bad influences, however. Maybe a star teammate tells you never to pass the ball to a certain player, or a popular student cheats on tests or sends mean texts. Should you try to be like them to fit in?

Peer pressure is powerful, but the ability to choose is yours. If a situation feels wrong, there's a good chance it is wrong. Standing up for yourself and saying no isn't always easy. But you might give voice to a bunch of peers that feel the same way you do. It can take just one person to speak out and change a situation. The main thing is not to compromise (妥协) who you are. The kind of coolness and popularity you think you may get by joining the crowd and doing risky things is temporary. Your character is with you for the rest of your life. Be who you are, not who others want you to be.People will respect you for standing up for yourself—even if it doesn't seem like it right away.

Everyone_may_meet_with_peer_pressure_at_one_time_or_another._(要点1)_On_the_one_hand,_peer_pressure can_sometimes be_beneficial._(要点2)_On_the_other_hand,_it_can be_harmful. Also,_the_people_around_you_can_be_bad_influences._(要点3)_The_best_way_to_deal_with_peer pressure_is to_choose_wisely_and_be_yourself._(要点4)