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浙江省杭州市2020届高三上学期五校联考英语试题
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2019学年第一学期五校联考试题
高三年级英语学科
命题:杭州高级中学
考生须知:
1.本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟；
2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写学校、班级、姓名、试场号、座位号及准考证号。
3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效；
4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What would the man like to do?
A. To visit his brother. B. To have dinner with her. C. To watch films.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
2.
What time is it now?
A. 4 o’clock. B. 5 o’clock. C. 7 o’clock.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
3.
Where are the speakers?
A. In a car. B. On a train. C. On a plane.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
4.
What does the woman mean?
A. She doubts Tom’s ability to run the station.
B. She hopes Tom can take over the station.
C. She believes Tom can manage the station better.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
5.
What do we know about the woman’s notes?
A. She lost her notes.
B. The notes are not hers.
C. Someone has borrowed her notes.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A famous athlete and his fans.
B. The woman’s unusual experience last night.
C. How the woman saved the life of a famous writer.
7. What did Tom Clancy do in the end?
A. He took a picture with his readers.
B. He gave autographs till midnight.
C. He left the restaurant secretly.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Where did the speakers finally agree to go for dinner?
A. To a cafeteria. B. To McDonald’s. C. To KFC.
9. Why didn’t the girl drive?
A. She was too young. B. She was a bit tired. C. She didn’t know the way.
10. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The mother is a good cook.
B. The girl likes fried chicken very much.
C The father will go to find the seats.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What kind of clothing does Amy like most?
A. Fashionable clothes. B. Expensive clothes. C. Comfortable clothes.
12. Why does she like to go shopping at the local market?
A. She can buy second-hand clothes there.
B. She can find good and cheap things there.
C. She enjoys talking with people there.
13. What does she think of second-hand clothes?
A. She likes looking at them but never buys them.
B. She thinks they are real bargains.
C. She seldom goes to those shops.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. Why couldn’t Mark play basketball with the man?
A. He had to study.
B. He needed to go out with his girlfriend.
C. He didn’t like basketball any more.
15. What should Mark do according to the man?
A. Be honest with him.
B. Spend more time studying.
C. End the relationship with his girlfriend.
16. What does the man decide to do?
A. Ask Mary to talk to Mark.
B. End the friendship with Mark.
C. Talk with Mark.
17. What does the woman think of Mark’s lies?
A. They’re harmless.
B. They’re harmful to friendship.
C. Mark made a serious mistake.
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C 17. A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What are some of the problems brought about by global warming?
A. The reduction of sea water.
B. More serious earthquakes.
C. Animal and plant species disappearing.
19. What can people do to slow down global warming?
A. Use clean energy.
B. Control population growth.
C. Close down factories.
20. Why is it hard to get governments to pass new laws?
A. They don’t care about the environment.
B. They don’t want to hurt their economies.
C. They can’t get their people’s support.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Two blocks. Two very, very long blocks beyond in deep darkness. It is 1953, and I have walked these blocks many times on my way to the room I rent off campus. I get off the bus after leaving the library at ten o’clock in the evening clutching books in my arms, with a purse hanging from a strap on my shoulder.
My landlady works the night shift at the hospital, so at this hour, the house will be as dark and blank as the others on this street. Everything is quiet and closed. Far ahead is a streetlight. I am thinking about a paper due in a few days. What theme should I explore? Will the professor admire or dismiss it? Why are we reading Dreiser anyway?
I notice headlights coming toward me. A car is driving slowly down the street on the other side. As it passes, I glance at the driver—male, blond. I keep walking. The car slows down and stops. I hear its door slam shut. A few seconds later, I hear footsteps behind me. I keep walking; I do not speed up, because I don’t want to call attention to myself. The walker may be going to a house nearby, visiting a friend. Besides, what would be the point of hurrying, running?
I still have to get my door key from my purse. When I reach my house, I will have to walk upstairs to the porch, and fumble in the dark for my key. Then he will climb the steps behind me, put his right hand over my mouth, knock me down on the porch floor, scattering my books and the contents of my purse. There is no one to see. He will hold me down with one hand squeezing my throat, search my body for any valuables with the other, and say, “Don’t fight me; don’t fight.”
I am exhausted. The scene I have imagined is detailed, brutal, and unbearable. I cannot live through what I expect.
I stop. I turn around and wait for him. I wait and wait until he catches up to where I stand, with nothing to defend myself but the urgency to escape not what might happen but what has already happened in my mind.
He comes close, closer. I can see his eyes (or I think I can).
“Will you please leave me alone.” It is neither a question nor a scream. My voice is low, conversational. Nothing can be worse than what I have imagined.
He pauses. “I’m not going to bother you,” he whispers, then turns around and walks back to his car.
21. What is on the author’s mind before she notices the car?
A. The long way home. B. The dark and blank street.
C. Her landlady’s absence. D. The theme of her paper.
22. The underlined word “fumble” is closest to ___________ in meaning.
A. reach B. search C. find D. touch
23. Why does the author turn around and wait for the man?
A. She tries to escape what has happened in her mind.
B. She wants to ask him whether he will leave her alone.
C. She knows she will be safe after talking with him.
D. She is so terrified of what is going to happen later.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者某一天晚上独自回家的路上，遇到了一位陌生男子的故事。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中I am thinking about a paper due in a few days. What theme should I explore? Will the professor admire or dismiss it? Why are we reading Dreiser anyway?（我在考虑几天后要交的论文。我应该探索什么主题?教授是欣赏还是摒弃它?我们为什么要读德莱塞呢?）可知在作者注意到那辆车之前，她的脑海里在想论文主题。故选D。
【22题详解】
词义猜测题。结合下文in the dark for my key可知作者只能在黑暗里摸索着自己的钥匙，故可推测划线单词意思为“搜索；搜寻”，故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第五段I am exhausted. The scene I have imagined is detailed, brutal, and unbearable. I cannot live through what I expect.（我筋疲力尽了。我想象的场景是详细的，残酷的，难以忍受的。我无法经历我所期待的。）可知作者转身去等着那个人，是因为试图逃避她头脑中发生的事情。故选A。
B
If you don’t know about jackfruit, pay attention, because you’re about to meet your new protein substitute.
Take a walk down the produce aisle and you may spot a light green, oval-shaped, nubby fruit. While every fruit is distinctive, this one in particular is hard to ignore. The jackfruit, which is native to Southeast Asia, parts of India, Jamaica, and South America, is fast becoming the latest popular meat substitute in vegetarian meals. From pulled “pork” sandwiches to desserts, jackfruit has proven to be a versatile(多用的) plant that both meat eaters and non-meat eaters alike can appreciate. Here’s what you need to know about this trending tropical fruit.
Jackfruits pack in a lot of nutrition. They’re high in protein (with 2.8 grams per cup of sliced fruit, which is 5 percent of your daily value for protein), plus calcium, vitamins, and carbohydrates. They’re also rich in energy and dietary fiber, and free from saturated fats(饱和脂肪) or cholesterol(胆固醇). In some regions, jackfruits are even being used to treat conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, diarrhea, tuberculosis, fever, and liver cirrhosis.
And because the fruit is so easy to grow—a jackfruit tree can produce 200 jackfruits a year—there are efforts being made right now to plant them throughout the world as a way to combat food shortages in Third World countries.
At the market, you may see two seemingly different types of jackfruit, but it’s the same fruit—only one is mature and the other is young. The young jackfruit is sweet and crunchy, and the older version is usually softer and tastes less sweet.
Unlike some fruits, jackfruits are entirely edible. The seeds can be boiled, roasted, or ground into flour, depending on the dish you’re making. The flesh, which looks like orange-yellow color bulbs, is what makes this fruit so versatile. It can be made into ice cream, chips, jam, soup, candy, and more. You can slice it into a fruit salad or use it in a jam or jelly.
If you’re vegan, you know that it can be a challenge to get adequate protein. Consider buying jackfruits to meet your daily quota for good health.
24. What makes jackfruit the latest popular meat substitute?
A. Its versatility. B. Its distinctiveness.
C. Its richness in fiber. D. Its richness in protein.
25 Why is jackfruit quite important in the fight against food shortages？
A. Because it promises high outputs.
B. Because it can be made into various products.
C. Because it is easy to grow throughout the world.
D. Because both young and mature jackfruits are tasty.
26. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A New Ingredient B. Here Comes Your Nutrition Bank
C. Meet Your New Protein Replacement D. A Good Daily Companion
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了菠萝蜜可以作为新的蛋白质替代品，文章介绍了菠萝蜜的产地，营养价值以及用途。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段If you don’t know about jackfruit, pay attention, because you’re about to meet your new protein substitute.（如果你不知道菠萝蜜，请注意，因为你即将遇到新的蛋白质替代品。）以及第三段中They’re high in protein (with 2.8 grams per cup of sliced fruit, which is 5 percent of your daily value for protein), plus calcium, vitamins, and carbohydrates.（它们富含蛋白质(每杯切成薄片的水果含2.8克蛋白质，占你每日蛋白质摄入量的5%)，还有钙、维生素和碳水化合物。）可知菠萝蜜富含蛋白质，是最新流行的肉类替代品。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段And because the fruit is so easy to grow—a jackfruit tree can produce 200 jackfruits a year—there are efforts being made right now to plant them throughout the world as a way to combat food shortages in Third World countries.（由于菠萝蜜很容易种植——一棵菠萝蜜树一年可以结出200个菠萝蜜——因此，为了解决第三世界国家的粮食短缺问题，人们正在努力在全世界种植菠萝蜜。）可知菠萝蜜在应对食品短缺方面非常重要，因为它的产量很高。故选A。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段If you don’t know about jackfruit, pay attention, because you’re about to meet your new protein substitute.（如果你不知道菠萝蜜，请注意，因为你即将遇到新的蛋白质替代品。）以及文章主要内容为介绍菠萝蜜这种可以作为蛋白质替代品的水果，故C选项符合文章主旨。
【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。有一种文章细节理解题是一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。如第一小题，根据第一段If you don’t know about jackfruit, pay attention, because you’re about to meet your new protein substitute.（如果你不知道菠萝蜜，请注意，因为你即将遇到新的蛋白质替代品。）以及第三段中They’re high in protein (with 2.8 grams per cup of sliced fruit, which is 5 percent of your daily value for protein), plus calcium, vitamins, and carbohydrates.（它们富含蛋白质(每杯切成薄片的水果含2.8克蛋白质，占你每日蛋白质摄入量的5%)，还有钙、维生素和碳水化合物。）可知菠萝蜜富含蛋白质，是最新流行的肉类替代品。故选D。
C
Many of you may have used Siri, a voice assistant of US tech company Apple. You only have to say “hey Siri” and it will answer to your command. However, we may be sacrificing our privacy to enjoy this convenience.
According to a recent report by the Guardian, Siri can be accidentally triggered and start recording private conversations, such as discussions between doctors and patients. Some of these recordings are then given to workers outside the company to review.
Apple claimed the data was used to help Siri improve, but users were not informed of this measure in the first place.
Apple’s Siri is not the only voice assistant to come under fire
In 2018, Alexa, a voice assistant developed by US tech company Amazon, recorded a private conversation between a couple and sent it to a stranger without their permission.
These issues deepened concerns that tech companies are infringing users’ rights of privacy.
Many people have long feared that tech companies are listening and collecting data from private conversations, reported Forbes. Using this data, third party companies could then paint an accurate picture of users’ habits and preferences in order to serve them more targeted advertisements, or even worse, sell this private data.
Despite this risk, the popularity of voice assistant seems to be unstoppable.
“In the near future, everything from your lighting to your air-conditioning to your refrigerator, your coffee maker, and even your toilet could be wired to a system controlled by voice,” commented The Atlantic.
Colin Horgan wrote on the blog site Medium that he believed people’s daily lives will soon become a source of data.
“The sounds of our homes, the symphony of life – laughing, crying, talking, shouting, sitting in silence – will no longer be considered memories, but data,” he wrote.
To deal with the issue, Blake Morgan, reporter for The Atlantic, believed that the answer is transparency.
“All companies need to have messaging ready to explain to customers what they do with private data,” she wrote on The Atlantic.
27. What does the underlined sentence mean?
A. There are other fire-proof voice assistants.
B. Other voice assistants are also being developed.
C. There are other voice assistants being criticized.
D. Other voice assistants also need improvements.
28. What seems to be people’s biggest concern about voice assistants?
A. Invading their privacy. B. Sending their message.
C. Making no improvements. D. Serving them targeted advertisements.
29. What should companies do to solve the problem, according to Blake Morgan?
A. To stop collecting data through voice assistant.
B. To explain their use of the data to customers.
C. To make their data more transparent.
D. To slow down the pace of technology advancement.
30. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show visions of a data world in the future.
B. To inform people of what tech companies are really up to.
C. To draw attention to the privacy issue voice assistants bring about.
D. To criticize companies’ invading customers’ privacy by collecting data.
【答案】27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了语音助手会在用户不知情的情况下记录私人对话，从而导致用户隐私被侵犯的问题。就此问题不同人士发表了自己的看法。
【27题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文In 2018, Alexa, a voice assistant developed by US tech company Amazon, recorded a private conversation between a couple and sent it to a stranger without their permission.可知2018年，美国科技公司亚马逊(Amazon)开发的语音助手Alexa录制了一对夫妇之间的私人对话，并在未经允许的情况下将对话发送给了陌生人。可知划线句子意思为除了苹果手机的Siri语音助手外，其他语音助手也受到了批评。故选C。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段These issues deepened concerns that tech companies are infringing users’ rights of privacy.（这些问题加深了人们对科技公司侵犯用户隐私权的担忧。）以及第七段Many people have long feared that tech companies are listening and collecting data from private conversations, reported Forbes.（据《福布斯》报道，长期以来，很多人都担心科技公司会监听和收集私人谈话中的数据。）可知侵犯人们的隐私似乎是人们对语音助手最大的担忧。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“All companies need to have messaging ready to explain to customers what they do with private data,” she wrote on The Atlantic.（她在The Atlantic上写道:“所有公司都需要准备好信息，向客户解释他们如何处理私人数据。”）可知Blake Morgan表示，企业应该向客户解释它们如何使用这些数据来解决问题。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段According to a recent report by the Guardian, Siri can be accidentally triggered and start recording private conversations, such as discussions between doctors and patients. Some of these recordings are then given to workers outside the company to review.（根据《卫报》(the Guardian)最近的一篇报道，Siri可能会被意外触发，并开始记录私人对话，比如医生和病人之间的讨论。其中一些录音会交给公司外的员工审阅。）以及第三段Apple claimed the data was used to help Siri improve, but users were not informed of this measure in the first place.（苹果公司声称这些数据是用来帮助Siri改进的，但用户一开始就不知道这项措施。）以及文章主要讨论了语音助手带来的隐私问题，可推知文章的目的是为了引起大家对于语音助手带来的隐私问题的注意。故选C。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Costco made headlines for bumping up its minimum wage to at least $15 an hour. The warehouse store has a reputation for treating its workers generously, a policy I observed while working there in 2015. In many ways, it’s as enjoyable a place to work as it is to shop. ___31___
Employees enjoy plenty of benefits. Costco now sets its minimum wage for hourly employees at $15 an hour. That’s in addition to offering benefits like healthcare for all employees, regardless of part-time vs. full-time status. While I was at Costco, they gave employees complimentary(免费赠送的) memberships to the store. _____32_____ And to top things off, Costco paid employees time and a half just for working on Sundays.
Costco is a great destination for health food. People who haven’t shopped at warehouse clubs might expect the “buy in bulk” mentality to mean the aisles are lined with junk food._____33_____ Greek yogurt, coconut water, protein powder, and lean meats are just some of the things that line the shelves at Costco. And the produce section is filled with delicious apples, bananas, berries, salads and more, making it a hot-spot where nutritionists food shop.
___34___ When I tell friends I still shop at Costco, they don’t understand what my husband and I buy there, since we don’t have kids and live in a small New York apartment. But there are plenty of options for any family size, and it doesn’t mean you have to keep ten spare jars of tomato sauce in your kitchen. Things like Kirkland Signature protein bars and olive oil are shelf stable for our small household. Cleaning supplies like kitchen sponges are sold in reasonably sized packages, too. It just depends what you’re looking for.
People really do buy that famous giant bear. The giant teddy may seem like an Internet novelty, and plenty of people (myself included) have stopped to take photos with the 8-foot-tall friend. But I saw more than one person buy the giant stuffed animal - usually grandparents purchasing it as a gift for their grandkids.___35___
A. It’s not just for big families, either.
B. There are a lot of things you can get at Costco.
C. Here are a few of the things I learned on my journey.
D. I do wonder how they stuffed it into a car to get home.
E. It is the exact place where big families can find everything they need.
F. Each employee also got a free turkey to enjoy with their families on Thanksgiving.
G. While Costco does sell things like cookies and candy bars, there are plenty of healthy options.
【答案】31. C 32. F
33. G 34. A
35. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了四件作者在好市多超市工作时了解到的事情。
【31题详解】
结合下文主要列举了作者在工作中学到的四件事情，可知C选项“Here are a few of the things I learned on my journey.（以下是我在工作旅途中了解到的一些东西。）”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【32题详解】
结合上文While I was at Costco, they gave employees complimentary memberships to the store.（我在好市多的时候，他们为员工免费提供会员卡。）可推知下文继续说明员工享到的福利：每位员工还得到了一只免费的火鸡，与家人共度感恩节。故F选项符合上下文语境。
【33题详解】
根据下文Greek yogurt, coconut water, protein powder, and lean meats are just some of the things that line the shelves at Costco.（希腊酸奶、椰汁、蛋白粉和瘦肉只是好市多超市货架上的一部分商品。）可知好市多也有许多健康的商品，与本空与上文People who haven’t shopped at warehouse clubs might expect the “buy in bulk” mentality to mean the aisles are lined with junk food.（没有在仓储式商店购物的人可能会认为，“大批购买”的心态意味着货架上摆满了垃圾食品。）应为转折含义，故G“While Costco does sell things like cookies and candy bars, there are plenty of healthy options.（虽然好市多卖饼干和棒棒糖，但也有很多健康的选择。）”可承接上下文。故选G。
【34题详解】
结合本段中Things like Kirkland Signature protein bars and olive oil are shelf stable for our small household. Cleaning supplies like kitchen sponges are sold in reasonably sized packages, too.（柯克兰招牌蛋白棒和橄榄油之类的东西对我们这个小家庭来说是很稳定的。像厨房海绵这样的清洁用品也以合理大小的包装出售。）可知好市多对于作者这样的小家庭来说也很适合，故它也不只是针对大家庭。故选A。
【35题详解】
结合上文But I saw more than one person buy the giant stuffed animal - usually grandparents purchasing it as a gift for their grandkids.（但我看到不止一个人买了这个巨大的毛绒玩具——通常是祖父母给他们的孙辈买的礼物。）可知巨大的毛绒玩具运输是很困难的，故下文继续展开说明：我真想知道他们是怎么把它塞进车里回家的。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
If you look Chinese and speak Mandarin, you can call for a ride in Vancouver via WeChat, a Chinese app. The drivers normally call back to____36____the order, says Daniel Merkin, who lives in the Canadian city. “Sometimes they’ll ____37____ on me when they realize I don’t speak Mandarin,” he says. But he keeps ____38____, because popular ride-hailing (网约车) services, like Uber(优步) , are not available. The Chinese service is not legal, but it is ____39____. Mr. Merkin hopes that his ____40____ will soon expand.
In July the province of British Columbia, which licenses drivers, said it would allow the big ride-hailing services ____41____. But British Columbia has made their entry ____42____ by requiring drivers to hold commercial licenses. The government has reason to be ____43____. In many cities where ride-hailing has _____44_____, traffic jam has worsened and use of public transport has ____45____.
However, Andrew Curran, head of policy at TransLink, the city’s public-transport system, believes ride-hailing could ____46____ use of public transport by ferrying people from their houses to a bus or train stop. It could also improve transport for people with ____47____. Currently, Trans-Link hires taxis to give door-to-door rides to some disabled people. He says the commercial-license rule will slow down the services’ growth and ____48____ taxi-drivers, ride-hailing’s fiercest ____49____.
But the commercial-license requirement could have the ____50____ effect. Analysts think it will ____51____ most drivers and reduce the number of drivers ____52____ to pick up passengers in distant suburbs. ____53____, they will gather in the center. Some of Uber’s future competitors say they are not ____54____. A driver, who offers rides in his Mercedes SUV to people who hire him via Wechat, thinks his customers will stay ____55____. He predicts ride-hailing will just slow their journeys down.
36. A. cancel B. confirm C. place D. accept
37. A. put in B. turn up C. hang up D. pick out
38. A. trying B. shouting C. complaining D. driving
39. A. forbidden B. tolerated C. advocated D. recommended
40. A. wishes B. ideas C. suggestions D. options
41. A. out B. away C. up D. in
42. A. unusual B. difficult C. easy D. particular
43. A. eager B. anxious C. cautious D. negative
44. A. taken off B. put up C. broken down D. laid off
45. A. risen B. doubled C. dropped D. stopped
46. A. lessen B. increase C. lower D. decrease
47. A. disabilities B. luggage C. children D. friends
48. A. protect B. ignore C. investigate D. inquire
49. A. coworkers B. partners C. competitors D. supporters
50. A. similar B. opposite C. positive D. different
51. A. discourage B. encourage C. benefit D. comfort
52. A. acceptable B. accessible C. affordable D. available
53. A. Furthermore B. Instead C. Though D. Otherwise
54. A. excited B. jealous C. amazed D. worried
55. A. reliable B. responsible C. loyal D. delightful
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. D 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了今年7月，为司机发放牌照的不列颠哥伦比亚省表示，将允许大型网约车服务进入该省。但是不列颠哥伦比亚省要求司机持有商业执照，这让他们很难进入。文章说明了人们对叫车服务的看法，以及这项政策将产生的影响。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：住在这座加拿大城市的Daniel Merkin说，司机们通常会打电话确认订单。A. cancel取消；B. confirm确认；C. place放置；D. accept接受。根据下文the order可知打电话是为了确认订单。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时他们发现我不会说普通话，就会挂断电话。A. put in提交；B. turn up出现；C. hang up挂断电话；D. pick out选出。根据上文call back to可知发现我不会说普通话，就会挂断电话。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他继续尝试，因为像优步(Uber)这样流行的叫车服务无法使用。A. trying尝试；B. shouting呼喊；C. complaining抱怨；D. driving驱使。根据下文popular ride-hailing services, like Uber, are not available.可知因为优步叫车服务无法使用，于是他只能继续尝试。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国的服务是不合法的，但它是被容忍的。A. forbidden禁止；B. tolerated容忍；C. advocated提倡；D. recommended推荐。结合上文The Chinese service is not legal, but it is中but表示转折含义，虽然不合法，但是能够被容忍。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：默金先生希望他的选择将很快扩大。A. wishes希望；B. ideas主意；C. suggestions建议；D. options选择。结合上文because popular ride-hailing services, like Uber, are not available可知叫车服务的选择并不多，因此希望选择得到扩大。故选D。
【41题详解】
考查介词辨析。句意：今年7月，为司机发放牌照的不列颠哥伦比亚省表示，将允许大型网约车服务进入该省。A. out出去；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. in进入。结合上文said it would allow the big ride-hailing可知不列颠哥伦比亚省表示，将允许大型网约车服务进入该省。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是不列颠哥伦比亚省要求司机持有商业执照，这让他们很难进入。A. unusual不寻常的；B. difficult困难的；C. easy容易的；D. particular特别的。结合下文by requiring drivers to hold commercial licenses可知不列颠哥伦比亚省要求司机持有商业执照，这对他们来说要进入很困难。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：政府有理由保持谨慎。A. eager渴望的；B. anxious焦急的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. negative消极的。结合上文政府要求司机有商业执照可知这是很谨慎的做法。故选C。
44题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在许多城市网约车已经开始兴起，交通拥堵状况恶化，公共交通使用量下降。A. taken off兴起；成功；B. put up提供；C. broken down出故障；D. laid off下岗。结合后文描述网约车给交通带来的影响，可推知在许多城市网约车已经开始兴起。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多已经开始使用网约车的城市，交通拥堵状况恶化，公共交通使用量下降。A. risen上升；B. doubled加倍；C. dropped掉下；下降；D. stopped停止。结合上文traffic jam has worsened可知交通拥堵状况恶化，公共交通使用量下降。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，该市公共交通系统TransLink的政策主管Andrew Curran认为，叫车服务可以将人们从家里送到公交车站或火车站，从而增加公共交通的使用。A. lessen减少；B. increase增加；C. lower降低；D. decrease减少。根据下文by ferrying people from their houses to a bus or train stop可知叫车服务可以将人们从家里送到公交车站或火车站这些公共交通，从而增加公共交通的使用。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它还可以改善残疾人的交通。A. disabilities残疾；B. luggage行李；C. children孩子；D. friends朋友。结合下文Currently, Trans-Link hires taxis to give door-to-door rides to some disabled people.可知是改善残疾人的交通。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，这项商业牌照规定将减缓这些服务的增长，并保护出租车司机，这是叫车服务最强劲的竞争对手。A. protect保护；B. ignore忽略；C. investigate调查；D. inquire询问。根据上文commercial-license rule will slow down the services’ growth商业牌照规定将减缓这些服务的增长，是为了保护出租车司机。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，这项商业牌照规定将减缓这些服务的增长，并保护出租车司机，这是叫车服务最强劲的竞争对手。A. coworkers合伙人；B. partners伙伴；C. competitors竞争者；D. supporters支持者。结合上文商业牌照保护出租车司机，可知出租车是叫车服务的竞争对手。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是商业许可证的要求可能会产生相反的效果。A. similar相似的；B. opposite相反的；C. positive积极的；D. different不同的。结合下文reduce the number of drivers可知商业许可证的要求可能会减少司机数量，产生相反的效果。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：分析人士认为，这将打击大多数司机的积极性，并减少在偏远郊区搭载乘客的司机数量。A. discourage阻止；打击；B. encourage鼓励；C. benefit受益；D. comfort安慰。结合下文and reduce the number of drivers可知是在描述这项政策带来的不利影响，故选贬义词，打击司机的积极性。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：分析人士认为，这将打击大多数司机的积极性，并减少在偏远郊区搭载乘客的司机数量。A. acceptable可接受的；B. accessible可进入的；C. affordable负担得起的；D. available可获得的。结合下文they will gather in the center可知司机都聚集在市中心，因此偏远的郊区乘客可能会打不到车。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：相反，他们将聚集在中心。A. Furthermore此外；B. Instead反而；相反；C. Though尽管；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文they will gather in the center可知司机都聚集在市中心，是与上文在郊区的相反的情况。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：优步未来的一些竞争对手表示，他们并不担心。A. excited激动的；B. jealous嫉妒的；C. amazed吃惊的；D. worried担心的。结合下文一位司机的表述可知他们并不担心上诉情况的发生。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位司机通过微信为雇佣他的人提供奔驰越野车，他认为他的顾客会忠于用车。A. reliable可靠的；B. responsible负责的；C. loyal忠诚的；D. delightful令人高兴的。司机认为他的顾客会忠于用车，不会受不好的影响。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题部分)
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A lot of people feel overwhelmed trying to make changes that help the planet. Conservation psychologist Janet Swim from Pennsylvania State University says people often think their actions won't have enough of an impact to matter. “It's like, 'What can I do? It's just me.'” ____56____ it does matter a lot. “It's just like voting”,____57____ professor says. “I vote. I'm only one person. That one action is an important action ____58____(take). We work together as a collective to do things,” she said. And there's the multiplier effect. "Small behaviors matter particularly when ___59___(accumulate) across time and across people," Swim said. Household behavior ___60___ (actual) can make a substantial difference, ___61___(reduce) greenhouse gas emissions, according to researchers from Michigan State University and Vanderbilt University. Most of that potential comes from adopting energy-efficient behaviors. Their research lists the most practical 17 steps ___62___ each American can take, including carpooling, weatherizing houses and driving fuel-efficient ____63____(vehicle). If every American takes these steps, according to these researchers, it ___64___ (cut) the total U.S. household emissions by 20% over ten years -- an amount equal ____65____ the entire emissions output of France.
【答案】56. But
57. the 58. to take
59. accumulated
60. actually
61. reducing
62. that 63. vehicles
64. will cut
65. to
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。密歇根州立大学和范德比尔特大学的研究人员称，家庭行为实际上可以产生重大影响，减少温室气体排放。大部分的潜力来自于采用节能行为。他们的研究列出了每个美国人可以采取的最实用的17个步骤，可以在未来十年内将美国家庭的总排放量减少20%。
【56题详解】
考查连词。句意：人们通常认为他们的行为不会产生足够的影响。“就像‘我能做什么?这只是我。”但这确实很重要。根据上下文语境可知为转折关系，故填But。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：“这就像投票一样”，教授说。此处特指上文Janet Swim教授，故应用定冠词the。故填the。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个需要采取的重要行动。此处不定式做定语修饰action，表示“一个需要采取的重要行动”，故填to take。
【59题详解】
考查省略句。句意：小的行为尤其重要，尤其是随着时间和人群的积累。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。故本句完整为when (small behaviors are)accumulated across time and across people.故填accumulated。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：密歇根州立大学和范德比尔特大学的研究人员称，家庭行为实际上可以产生重大影响，减少温室气体排放。修饰下文整个句子应用副词形式，故填actually。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句中reduce做非谓语动词与逻辑主语household behavior构成主动关系，故用现在分词，故填reducing。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句连接词。句意：他们的研究列出了每个美国人可以采取的最实用的17个步骤，其中包括拼车、为房屋进行保温隔热以及驾驶节能汽车。本句为定语从句修饰先行词steps，且先行词在从句中做宾语，表示“步骤”，且由形容词最高级修饰，关系代词只能用that。故填that。
【63题详解】
考查名词的数。句意同上。vehicle为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故用复数形式。故填vehicles。
【64题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：根据这些研究人员的说法，如果每个美国人都采取这些措施，那么在未来十年内，美国家庭的总排放量将减少20%，相当于法国的总排放量。根据下文over ten years可知应用一般将来时，故填will cut。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意同上。固定短语equal to“相当于；等于”，故填to。
【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)
(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)
(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)
如第七小题，句意：他们的研究列出了每个美国人可以采取的最实用的17个步骤，其中包括拼车、为房屋进行保温隔热以及驾驶节能汽车。本句为定语从句修饰先行词steps，且先行词在从句中做宾语，表示“步骤”，且由形容词最高级修饰，关系代词只能用that。故填that。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
66.假设你是李华，得知你的英国笔友Jacky想到中国读大学，学习并体验中国文化，想征询你的意见。请你根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括:
1表示欢迎；
2.推荐大学；
3.你的期待。
注意:
1.词数80词左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jacky,
I am so delighted to have received your letter. I’m writing to express my warmest welcome to you and I’m sure you will have the most unforgettable college experience.
Given your keen interest in Chinese culture, I recommend you apply for Zhejiang University. You can immerse yourself in our profound history and splendid culture in its Chinese Literature major. Moreover, Zhejiang University is located in Hangzhou , which will attract you with its beautiful scenery and harmonious cultural environment.
I sincerely hope your dream will come true. If you have further questions, please let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假设你是李华，得知你的英国笔友Jacky想到中国读大学，学习并体验中国文化，想征询你的意见。请你根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括:1.表示欢迎；2.推荐大学；3.你的期待。
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：be delighted（高兴的）；warmest welcome（热烈欢迎）；unforgettable（难忘的）；keen interest（强烈的兴趣）；recommend（推荐）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。文章主要介绍目前就读的学校，故应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如Given your keen interest in Chinese culture, I recommend you apply for Zhejiang University.非谓语动词的运用；Moreover, Zhejiang University is located in Hangzhou , which will attract you with its beautiful scenery and harmonious cultural environment.运用了定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A few years ago, I had taken a part-time holiday-season job in a video store at the local shopping mall. From inside the store, I’d begun to see the people rushing by outside. Then an elderly woman caught my eye. Although slow and unsure of step, she moved with deliberation (从容), and there was no hesitation in her gestures. The elderly woman had come into the store along with a younger woman who I guessed was her daughter. The daughter was clearly impatient, rolling her eyes, huffing(长吁短叹) and sighing, checking her watch every few seconds.
The older woman then separated from the younger one and began to tick through the DVDs on the nearest shelf, obviously expecting someone else to help. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title scrawled (乱涂乱画的) on a piece of paper. It was a bit unclear to make out. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality. Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could find it.
Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her company for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who’d passed away the previous Christmas. As we walked along the back of the store, I introduced her to the different sections: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation.
We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she’d enjoyed when she was her daughter’s age and that she hoped she would enjoy it as much as she had. Maybe, she said with a hint of wistfulness(一丝渴望), her daughter could enjoy it with her own young children. Then, when the older woman’s turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she’d displayed earlier.
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150字左右；
2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
As the cashier put the DVD into a plastic bag, I walked over to the younger woman.
___________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The elderly woman moved with her deliberate slowness back to her daughter.
___________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 As the cashier put the DVD into a plastic bag, I walked over to the younger woman. “Is that your mom?” I asked, halfway expecting her to tell me it was none of my business. But she rolled her eyes and said, “Yeah.” I smiled to show her I wasn’t criticizing. “Cherish her,” I said. And then I answered her curious expression by saying, “When she’s gone, it’s the little moments like this that’ll come back to you.” It was true. I missed my mother still and remembered the moments when I was so impatient as to make her life miserable.
The elderly woman moved with her deliberate slowness back to her daughter. Together they made their way toward the exit of the video store. They stood there for a moment, side by side, waiting for the rushing holiday current and for their place in it. Then the daughter glanced over and momentarily regarded her mother. And slowly, almost reluctantly, she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother’s shoulders and gently guided her back into the deluge.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇读后续写作文。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者在一当地购物中心的一家音像店兼职，遇到了一位老妇人和自己的女儿前来购买DVD。老妇人不慌不忙，而年轻的女子则显得很不耐烦，作者陪着老妇人找到了电影，轮到老妇人排队时，她用现金付了钱，数着美元和硬币。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：当收银员把DVD放进塑料袋时，我走到那位年轻的女士面前。所以后文应该是作者讲述和年轻的女士的对话，作者告诫女子要珍惜自己的母亲；第二段开头是：老妇人慢吞吞地走回女儿身边。因此后文应当讲述在作者告诉了年轻女子珍惜自己的母亲后，老妇人结完账回到她身边女子的表现。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：criticize，curious expression，miserable, make one’s way等高级词汇；时间状语从句When she’s gone, it’s the little moments like this that’ll come back to you. with的复合结构And slowly, almost reluctantly, she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother’s shoulders and gently guided her back into the deluge.等高级句式。
2019学年第一学期五校联考试题
高三年级英语学科
命题:杭州高级中学
考生须知:
1.本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟；
2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写学校、班级、姓名、试场号、座位号及准考证号。
3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效；
4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What would the man like to do?
A. To visit his brother. B. To have dinner with her. C. To watch films.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
2.
What time is it now?
A. 4 o’clock. B. 5 o’clock. C. 7 o’clock.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
3.
Where are the speakers?
A. In a car. B. On a train. C. On a plane.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
4.
What does the woman mean?
A. She doubts Tom’s ability to run the station.
B. She hopes Tom can take over the station.
C. She believes Tom can manage the station better.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
5.
What do we know about the woman’s notes?
A. She lost her notes.
B. The notes are not hers.
C. Someone has borrowed her notes.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A famous athlete and his fans.
B. The woman’s unusual experience last night.
C. How the woman saved the life of a famous writer.
7. What did Tom Clancy do in the end?
A. He took a picture with his readers.
B. He gave autographs till midnight.
C. He left the restaurant secretly.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Where did the speakers finally agree to go for dinner?
A. To a cafeteria. B. To McDonald’s. C. To KFC.
9. Why didn’t the girl drive?
A. She was too young. B. She was a bit tired. C. She didn’t know the way.
10. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The mother is a good cook.
B. The girl likes fried chicken very much.
C The father will go to find the seats.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What kind of clothing does Amy like most?
A. Fashionable clothes. B. Expensive clothes. C. Comfortable clothes.
12. Why does she like to go shopping at the local market?
A. She can buy second-hand clothes there.
B. She can find good and cheap things there.
C. She enjoys talking with people there.
13. What does she think of second-hand clothes?
A. She likes looking at them but never buys them.
B. She thinks they are real bargains.
C. She seldom goes to those shops.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. Why couldn’t Mark play basketball with the man?
A. He had to study.
B. He needed to go out with his girlfriend.
C. He didn’t like basketball any more.
15. What should Mark do according to the man?
A. Be honest with him.
B. Spend more time studying.
C. End the relationship with his girlfriend.
16. What does the man decide to do?
A. Ask Mary to talk to Mark.
B. End the friendship with Mark.
C. Talk with Mark.
17. What does the woman think of Mark’s lies?
A. They’re harmless.
B. They’re harmful to friendship.
C. Mark made a serious mistake.
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C 17. A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What are some of the problems brought about by global warming?
A. The reduction of sea water.
B. More serious earthquakes.
C. Animal and plant species disappearing.
19. What can people do to slow down global warming?
A. Use clean energy.
B. Control population growth.
C. Close down factories.
20. Why is it hard to get governments to pass new laws?
A. They don’t care about the environment.
B. They don’t want to hurt their economies.
C. They can’t get their people’s support.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Two blocks. Two very, very long blocks beyond in deep darkness. It is 1953, and I have walked these blocks many times on my way to the room I rent off campus. I get off the bus after leaving the library at ten o’clock in the evening clutching books in my arms, with a purse hanging from a strap on my shoulder.
My landlady works the night shift at the hospital, so at this hour, the house will be as dark and blank as the others on this street. Everything is quiet and closed. Far ahead is a streetlight. I am thinking about a paper due in a few days. What theme should I explore? Will the professor admire or dismiss it? Why are we reading Dreiser anyway?
I notice headlights coming toward me. A car is driving slowly down the street on the other side. As it passes, I glance at the driver—male, blond. I keep walking. The car slows down and stops. I hear its door slam shut. A few seconds later, I hear footsteps behind me. I keep walking; I do not speed up, because I don’t want to call attention to myself. The walker may be going to a house nearby, visiting a friend. Besides, what would be the point of hurrying, running?
I still have to get my door key from my purse. When I reach my house, I will have to walk upstairs to the porch, and fumble in the dark for my key. Then he will climb the steps behind me, put his right hand over my mouth, knock me down on the porch floor, scattering my books and the contents of my purse. There is no one to see. He will hold me down with one hand squeezing my throat, search my body for any valuables with the other, and say, “Don’t fight me; don’t fight.”
I am exhausted. The scene I have imagined is detailed, brutal, and unbearable. I cannot live through what I expect.
I stop. I turn around and wait for him. I wait and wait until he catches up to where I stand, with nothing to defend myself but the urgency to escape not what might happen but what has already happened in my mind.
He comes close, closer. I can see his eyes (or I think I can).
“Will you please leave me alone.” It is neither a question nor a scream. My voice is low, conversational. Nothing can be worse than what I have imagined.
He pauses. “I’m not going to bother you,” he whispers, then turns around and walks back to his car.
21. What is on the author’s mind before she notices the car?
A. The long way home. B. The dark and blank street.
C. Her landlady’s absence. D. The theme of her paper.
22. The underlined word “fumble” is closest to ___________ in meaning.
A. reach B. search C. find D. touch
23. Why does the author turn around and wait for the man?
A. She tries to escape what has happened in her mind.
B. She wants to ask him whether he will leave her alone.
C. She knows she will be safe after talking with him.
D. She is so terrified of what is going to happen later.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者某一天晚上独自回家的路上，遇到了一位陌生男子的故事。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中I am thinking about a paper due in a few days. What theme should I explore? Will the professor admire or dismiss it? Why are we reading Dreiser anyway?（我在考虑几天后要交的论文。我应该探索什么主题?教授是欣赏还是摒弃它?我们为什么要读德莱塞呢?）可知在作者注意到那辆车之前，她的脑海里在想论文主题。故选D。
【22题详解】
词义猜测题。结合下文in the dark for my key可知作者只能在黑暗里摸索着自己的钥匙，故可推测划线单词意思为“搜索；搜寻”，故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第五段I am exhausted. The scene I have imagined is detailed, brutal, and unbearable. I cannot live through what I expect.（我筋疲力尽了。我想象的场景是详细的，残酷的，难以忍受的。我无法经历我所期待的。）可知作者转身去等着那个人，是因为试图逃避她头脑中发生的事情。故选A。
B
If you don’t know about jackfruit, pay attention, because you’re about to meet your new protein substitute.
Take a walk down the produce aisle and you may spot a light green, oval-shaped, nubby fruit. While every fruit is distinctive, this one in particular is hard to ignore. The jackfruit, which is native to Southeast Asia, parts of India, Jamaica, and South America, is fast becoming the latest popular meat substitute in vegetarian meals. From pulled “pork” sandwiches to desserts, jackfruit has proven to be a versatile(多用的) plant that both meat eaters and non-meat eaters alike can appreciate. Here’s what you need to know about this trending tropical fruit.
Jackfruits pack in a lot of nutrition. They’re high in protein (with 2.8 grams per cup of sliced fruit, which is 5 percent of your daily value for protein), plus calcium, vitamins, and carbohydrates. They’re also rich in energy and dietary fiber, and free from saturated fats(饱和脂肪) or cholesterol(胆固醇). In some regions, jackfruits are even being used to treat conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, diarrhea, tuberculosis, fever, and liver cirrhosis.
And because the fruit is so easy to grow—a jackfruit tree can produce 200 jackfruits a year—there are efforts being made right now to plant them throughout the world as a way to combat food shortages in Third World countries.
At the market, you may see two seemingly different types of jackfruit, but it’s the same fruit—only one is mature and the other is young. The young jackfruit is sweet and crunchy, and the older version is usually softer and tastes less sweet.
Unlike some fruits, jackfruits are entirely edible. The seeds can be boiled, roasted, or ground into flour, depending on the dish you’re making. The flesh, which looks like orange-yellow color bulbs, is what makes this fruit so versatile. It can be made into ice cream, chips, jam, soup, candy, and more. You can slice it into a fruit salad or use it in a jam or jelly.
If you’re vegan, you know that it can be a challenge to get adequate protein. Consider buying jackfruits to meet your daily quota for good health.
24. What makes jackfruit the latest popular meat substitute?
A. Its versatility. B. Its distinctiveness.
C. Its richness in fiber. D. Its richness in protein.
25 Why is jackfruit quite important in the fight against food shortages？
A. Because it promises high outputs.
B. Because it can be made into various products.
C. Because it is easy to grow throughout the world.
D. Because both young and mature jackfruits are tasty.
26. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A New Ingredient B. Here Comes Your Nutrition Bank
C. Meet Your New Protein Replacement D. A Good Daily Companion
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了菠萝蜜可以作为新的蛋白质替代品，文章介绍了菠萝蜜的产地，营养价值以及用途。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段If you don’t know about jackfruit, pay attention, because you’re about to meet your new protein substitute.（如果你不知道菠萝蜜，请注意，因为你即将遇到新的蛋白质替代品。）以及第三段中They’re high in protein (with 2.8 grams per cup of sliced fruit, which is 5 percent of your daily value for protein), plus calcium, vitamins, and carbohydrates.（它们富含蛋白质(每杯切成薄片的水果含2.8克蛋白质，占你每日蛋白质摄入量的5%)，还有钙、维生素和碳水化合物。）可知菠萝蜜富含蛋白质，是最新流行的肉类替代品。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段And because the fruit is so easy to grow—a jackfruit tree can produce 200 jackfruits a year—there are efforts being made right now to plant them throughout the world as a way to combat food shortages in Third World countries.（由于菠萝蜜很容易种植——一棵菠萝蜜树一年可以结出200个菠萝蜜——因此，为了解决第三世界国家的粮食短缺问题，人们正在努力在全世界种植菠萝蜜。）可知菠萝蜜在应对食品短缺方面非常重要，因为它的产量很高。故选A。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段If you don’t know about jackfruit, pay attention, because you’re about to meet your new protein substitute.（如果你不知道菠萝蜜，请注意，因为你即将遇到新的蛋白质替代品。）以及文章主要内容为介绍菠萝蜜这种可以作为蛋白质替代品的水果，故C选项符合文章主旨。
【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。有一种文章细节理解题是一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。如第一小题，根据第一段If you don’t know about jackfruit, pay attention, because you’re about to meet your new protein substitute.（如果你不知道菠萝蜜，请注意，因为你即将遇到新的蛋白质替代品。）以及第三段中They’re high in protein (with 2.8 grams per cup of sliced fruit, which is 5 percent of your daily value for protein), plus calcium, vitamins, and carbohydrates.（它们富含蛋白质(每杯切成薄片的水果含2.8克蛋白质，占你每日蛋白质摄入量的5%)，还有钙、维生素和碳水化合物。）可知菠萝蜜富含蛋白质，是最新流行的肉类替代品。故选D。
C
Many of you may have used Siri, a voice assistant of US tech company Apple. You only have to say “hey Siri” and it will answer to your command. However, we may be sacrificing our privacy to enjoy this convenience.
According to a recent report by the Guardian, Siri can be accidentally triggered and start recording private conversations, such as discussions between doctors and patients. Some of these recordings are then given to workers outside the company to review.
Apple claimed the data was used to help Siri improve, but users were not informed of this measure in the first place.
Apple’s Siri is not the only voice assistant to come under fire
In 2018, Alexa, a voice assistant developed by US tech company Amazon, recorded a private conversation between a couple and sent it to a stranger without their permission.
These issues deepened concerns that tech companies are infringing users’ rights of privacy.
Many people have long feared that tech companies are listening and collecting data from private conversations, reported Forbes. Using this data, third party companies could then paint an accurate picture of users’ habits and preferences in order to serve them more targeted advertisements, or even worse, sell this private data.
Despite this risk, the popularity of voice assistant seems to be unstoppable.
“In the near future, everything from your lighting to your air-conditioning to your refrigerator, your coffee maker, and even your toilet could be wired to a system controlled by voice,” commented The Atlantic.
Colin Horgan wrote on the blog site Medium that he believed people’s daily lives will soon become a source of data.
“The sounds of our homes, the symphony of life – laughing, crying, talking, shouting, sitting in silence – will no longer be considered memories, but data,” he wrote.
To deal with the issue, Blake Morgan, reporter for The Atlantic, believed that the answer is transparency.
“All companies need to have messaging ready to explain to customers what they do with private data,” she wrote on The Atlantic.
27. What does the underlined sentence mean?
A. There are other fire-proof voice assistants.
B. Other voice assistants are also being developed.
C. There are other voice assistants being criticized.
D. Other voice assistants also need improvements.
28. What seems to be people’s biggest concern about voice assistants?
A. Invading their privacy. B. Sending their message.
C. Making no improvements. D. Serving them targeted advertisements.
29. What should companies do to solve the problem, according to Blake Morgan?
A. To stop collecting data through voice assistant.
B. To explain their use of the data to customers.
C. To make their data more transparent.
D. To slow down the pace of technology advancement.
30. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show visions of a data world in the future.
B. To inform people of what tech companies are really up to.
C. To draw attention to the privacy issue voice assistants bring about.
D. To criticize companies’ invading customers’ privacy by collecting data.
【答案】27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了语音助手会在用户不知情的情况下记录私人对话，从而导致用户隐私被侵犯的问题。就此问题不同人士发表了自己的看法。
【27题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文In 2018, Alexa, a voice assistant developed by US tech company Amazon, recorded a private conversation between a couple and sent it to a stranger without their permission.可知2018年，美国科技公司亚马逊(Amazon)开发的语音助手Alexa录制了一对夫妇之间的私人对话，并在未经允许的情况下将对话发送给了陌生人。可知划线句子意思为除了苹果手机的Siri语音助手外，其他语音助手也受到了批评。故选C。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段These issues deepened concerns that tech companies are infringing users’ rights of privacy.（这些问题加深了人们对科技公司侵犯用户隐私权的担忧。）以及第七段Many people have long feared that tech companies are listening and collecting data from private conversations, reported Forbes.（据《福布斯》报道，长期以来，很多人都担心科技公司会监听和收集私人谈话中的数据。）可知侵犯人们的隐私似乎是人们对语音助手最大的担忧。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“All companies need to have messaging ready to explain to customers what they do with private data,” she wrote on The Atlantic.（她在The Atlantic上写道:“所有公司都需要准备好信息，向客户解释他们如何处理私人数据。”）可知Blake Morgan表示，企业应该向客户解释它们如何使用这些数据来解决问题。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段According to a recent report by the Guardian, Siri can be accidentally triggered and start recording private conversations, such as discussions between doctors and patients. Some of these recordings are then given to workers outside the company to review.（根据《卫报》(the Guardian)最近的一篇报道，Siri可能会被意外触发，并开始记录私人对话，比如医生和病人之间的讨论。其中一些录音会交给公司外的员工审阅。）以及第三段Apple claimed the data was used to help Siri improve, but users were not informed of this measure in the first place.（苹果公司声称这些数据是用来帮助Siri改进的，但用户一开始就不知道这项措施。）以及文章主要讨论了语音助手带来的隐私问题，可推知文章的目的是为了引起大家对于语音助手带来的隐私问题的注意。故选C。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Costco made headlines for bumping up its minimum wage to at least $15 an hour. The warehouse store has a reputation for treating its workers generously, a policy I observed while working there in 2015. In many ways, it’s as enjoyable a place to work as it is to shop. ___31___
Employees enjoy plenty of benefits. Costco now sets its minimum wage for hourly employees at $15 an hour. That’s in addition to offering benefits like healthcare for all employees, regardless of part-time vs. full-time status. While I was at Costco, they gave employees complimentary(免费赠送的) memberships to the store. _____32_____ And to top things off, Costco paid employees time and a half just for working on Sundays.
Costco is a great destination for health food. People who haven’t shopped at warehouse clubs might expect the “buy in bulk” mentality to mean the aisles are lined with junk food._____33_____ Greek yogurt, coconut water, protein powder, and lean meats are just some of the things that line the shelves at Costco. And the produce section is filled with delicious apples, bananas, berries, salads and more, making it a hot-spot where nutritionists food shop.
___34___ When I tell friends I still shop at Costco, they don’t understand what my husband and I buy there, since we don’t have kids and live in a small New York apartment. But there are plenty of options for any family size, and it doesn’t mean you have to keep ten spare jars of tomato sauce in your kitchen. Things like Kirkland Signature protein bars and olive oil are shelf stable for our small household. Cleaning supplies like kitchen sponges are sold in reasonably sized packages, too. It just depends what you’re looking for.
People really do buy that famous giant bear. The giant teddy may seem like an Internet novelty, and plenty of people (myself included) have stopped to take photos with the 8-foot-tall friend. But I saw more than one person buy the giant stuffed animal - usually grandparents purchasing it as a gift for their grandkids.___35___
A. It’s not just for big families, either.
B. There are a lot of things you can get at Costco.
C. Here are a few of the things I learned on my journey.
D. I do wonder how they stuffed it into a car to get home.
E. It is the exact place where big families can find everything they need.
F. Each employee also got a free turkey to enjoy with their families on Thanksgiving.
G. While Costco does sell things like cookies and candy bars, there are plenty of healthy options.
【答案】31. C 32. F
33. G 34. A
35. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了四件作者在好市多超市工作时了解到的事情。
【31题详解】
结合下文主要列举了作者在工作中学到的四件事情，可知C选项“Here are a few of the things I learned on my journey.（以下是我在工作旅途中了解到的一些东西。）”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【32题详解】
结合上文While I was at Costco, they gave employees complimentary memberships to the store.（我在好市多的时候，他们为员工免费提供会员卡。）可推知下文继续说明员工享到的福利：每位员工还得到了一只免费的火鸡，与家人共度感恩节。故F选项符合上下文语境。
【33题详解】
根据下文Greek yogurt, coconut water, protein powder, and lean meats are just some of the things that line the shelves at Costco.（希腊酸奶、椰汁、蛋白粉和瘦肉只是好市多超市货架上的一部分商品。）可知好市多也有许多健康的商品，与本空与上文People who haven’t shopped at warehouse clubs might expect the “buy in bulk” mentality to mean the aisles are lined with junk food.（没有在仓储式商店购物的人可能会认为，“大批购买”的心态意味着货架上摆满了垃圾食品。）应为转折含义，故G“While Costco does sell things like cookies and candy bars, there are plenty of healthy options.（虽然好市多卖饼干和棒棒糖，但也有很多健康的选择。）”可承接上下文。故选G。
【34题详解】
结合本段中Things like Kirkland Signature protein bars and olive oil are shelf stable for our small household. Cleaning supplies like kitchen sponges are sold in reasonably sized packages, too.（柯克兰招牌蛋白棒和橄榄油之类的东西对我们这个小家庭来说是很稳定的。像厨房海绵这样的清洁用品也以合理大小的包装出售。）可知好市多对于作者这样的小家庭来说也很适合，故它也不只是针对大家庭。故选A。
【35题详解】
结合上文But I saw more than one person buy the giant stuffed animal - usually grandparents purchasing it as a gift for their grandkids.（但我看到不止一个人买了这个巨大的毛绒玩具——通常是祖父母给他们的孙辈买的礼物。）可知巨大的毛绒玩具运输是很困难的，故下文继续展开说明：我真想知道他们是怎么把它塞进车里回家的。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
If you look Chinese and speak Mandarin, you can call for a ride in Vancouver via WeChat, a Chinese app. The drivers normally call back to____36____the order, says Daniel Merkin, who lives in the Canadian city. “Sometimes they’ll ____37____ on me when they realize I don’t speak Mandarin,” he says. But he keeps ____38____, because popular ride-hailing (网约车) services, like Uber(优步) , are not available. The Chinese service is not legal, but it is ____39____. Mr. Merkin hopes that his ____40____ will soon expand.
In July the province of British Columbia, which licenses drivers, said it would allow the big ride-hailing services ____41____. But British Columbia has made their entry ____42____ by requiring drivers to hold commercial licenses. The government has reason to be ____43____. In many cities where ride-hailing has _____44_____, traffic jam has worsened and use of public transport has ____45____.
However, Andrew Curran, head of policy at TransLink, the city’s public-transport system, believes ride-hailing could ____46____ use of public transport by ferrying people from their houses to a bus or train stop. It could also improve transport for people with ____47____. Currently, Trans-Link hires taxis to give door-to-door rides to some disabled people. He says the commercial-license rule will slow down the services’ growth and ____48____ taxi-drivers, ride-hailing’s fiercest ____49____.
But the commercial-license requirement could have the ____50____ effect. Analysts think it will ____51____ most drivers and reduce the number of drivers ____52____ to pick up passengers in distant suburbs. ____53____, they will gather in the center. Some of Uber’s future competitors say they are not ____54____. A driver, who offers rides in his Mercedes SUV to people who hire him via Wechat, thinks his customers will stay ____55____. He predicts ride-hailing will just slow their journeys down.
36. A. cancel B. confirm C. place D. accept
37. A. put in B. turn up C. hang up D. pick out
38. A. trying B. shouting C. complaining D. driving
39. A. forbidden B. tolerated C. advocated D. recommended
40. A. wishes B. ideas C. suggestions D. options
41. A. out B. away C. up D. in
42. A. unusual B. difficult C. easy D. particular
43. A. eager B. anxious C. cautious D. negative
44. A. taken off B. put up C. broken down D. laid off
45. A. risen B. doubled C. dropped D. stopped
46. A. lessen B. increase C. lower D. decrease
47. A. disabilities B. luggage C. children D. friends
48. A. protect B. ignore C. investigate D. inquire
49. A. coworkers B. partners C. competitors D. supporters
50. A. similar B. opposite C. positive D. different
51. A. discourage B. encourage C. benefit D. comfort
52. A. acceptable B. accessible C. affordable D. available
53. A. Furthermore B. Instead C. Though D. Otherwise
54. A. excited B. jealous C. amazed D. worried
55. A. reliable B. responsible C. loyal D. delightful
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. D 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了今年7月，为司机发放牌照的不列颠哥伦比亚省表示，将允许大型网约车服务进入该省。但是不列颠哥伦比亚省要求司机持有商业执照，这让他们很难进入。文章说明了人们对叫车服务的看法，以及这项政策将产生的影响。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：住在这座加拿大城市的Daniel Merkin说，司机们通常会打电话确认订单。A. cancel取消；B. confirm确认；C. place放置；D. accept接受。根据下文the order可知打电话是为了确认订单。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时他们发现我不会说普通话，就会挂断电话。A. put in提交；B. turn up出现；C. hang up挂断电话；D. pick out选出。根据上文call back to可知发现我不会说普通话，就会挂断电话。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他继续尝试，因为像优步(Uber)这样流行的叫车服务无法使用。A. trying尝试；B. shouting呼喊；C. complaining抱怨；D. driving驱使。根据下文popular ride-hailing services, like Uber, are not available.可知因为优步叫车服务无法使用，于是他只能继续尝试。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国的服务是不合法的，但它是被容忍的。A. forbidden禁止；B. tolerated容忍；C. advocated提倡；D. recommended推荐。结合上文The Chinese service is not legal, but it is中but表示转折含义，虽然不合法，但是能够被容忍。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：默金先生希望他的选择将很快扩大。A. wishes希望；B. ideas主意；C. suggestions建议；D. options选择。结合上文because popular ride-hailing services, like Uber, are not available可知叫车服务的选择并不多，因此希望选择得到扩大。故选D。
【41题详解】
考查介词辨析。句意：今年7月，为司机发放牌照的不列颠哥伦比亚省表示，将允许大型网约车服务进入该省。A. out出去；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. in进入。结合上文said it would allow the big ride-hailing可知不列颠哥伦比亚省表示，将允许大型网约车服务进入该省。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是不列颠哥伦比亚省要求司机持有商业执照，这让他们很难进入。A. unusual不寻常的；B. difficult困难的；C. easy容易的；D. particular特别的。结合下文by requiring drivers to hold commercial licenses可知不列颠哥伦比亚省要求司机持有商业执照，这对他们来说要进入很困难。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：政府有理由保持谨慎。A. eager渴望的；B. anxious焦急的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. negative消极的。结合上文政府要求司机有商业执照可知这是很谨慎的做法。故选C。
44题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在许多城市网约车已经开始兴起，交通拥堵状况恶化，公共交通使用量下降。A. taken off兴起；成功；B. put up提供；C. broken down出故障；D. laid off下岗。结合后文描述网约车给交通带来的影响，可推知在许多城市网约车已经开始兴起。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多已经开始使用网约车的城市，交通拥堵状况恶化，公共交通使用量下降。A. risen上升；B. doubled加倍；C. dropped掉下；下降；D. stopped停止。结合上文traffic jam has worsened可知交通拥堵状况恶化，公共交通使用量下降。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，该市公共交通系统TransLink的政策主管Andrew Curran认为，叫车服务可以将人们从家里送到公交车站或火车站，从而增加公共交通的使用。A. lessen减少；B. increase增加；C. lower降低；D. decrease减少。根据下文by ferrying people from their houses to a bus or train stop可知叫车服务可以将人们从家里送到公交车站或火车站这些公共交通，从而增加公共交通的使用。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它还可以改善残疾人的交通。A. disabilities残疾；B. luggage行李；C. children孩子；D. friends朋友。结合下文Currently, Trans-Link hires taxis to give door-to-door rides to some disabled people.可知是改善残疾人的交通。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，这项商业牌照规定将减缓这些服务的增长，并保护出租车司机，这是叫车服务最强劲的竞争对手。A. protect保护；B. ignore忽略；C. investigate调查；D. inquire询问。根据上文commercial-license rule will slow down the services’ growth商业牌照规定将减缓这些服务的增长，是为了保护出租车司机。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，这项商业牌照规定将减缓这些服务的增长，并保护出租车司机，这是叫车服务最强劲的竞争对手。A. coworkers合伙人；B. partners伙伴；C. competitors竞争者；D. supporters支持者。结合上文商业牌照保护出租车司机，可知出租车是叫车服务的竞争对手。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是商业许可证的要求可能会产生相反的效果。A. similar相似的；B. opposite相反的；C. positive积极的；D. different不同的。结合下文reduce the number of drivers可知商业许可证的要求可能会减少司机数量，产生相反的效果。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：分析人士认为，这将打击大多数司机的积极性，并减少在偏远郊区搭载乘客的司机数量。A. discourage阻止；打击；B. encourage鼓励；C. benefit受益；D. comfort安慰。结合下文and reduce the number of drivers可知是在描述这项政策带来的不利影响，故选贬义词，打击司机的积极性。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：分析人士认为，这将打击大多数司机的积极性，并减少在偏远郊区搭载乘客的司机数量。A. acceptable可接受的；B. accessible可进入的；C. affordable负担得起的；D. available可获得的。结合下文they will gather in the center可知司机都聚集在市中心，因此偏远的郊区乘客可能会打不到车。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：相反，他们将聚集在中心。A. Furthermore此外；B. Instead反而；相反；C. Though尽管；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文they will gather in the center可知司机都聚集在市中心，是与上文在郊区的相反的情况。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：优步未来的一些竞争对手表示，他们并不担心。A. excited激动的；B. jealous嫉妒的；C. amazed吃惊的；D. worried担心的。结合下文一位司机的表述可知他们并不担心上诉情况的发生。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位司机通过微信为雇佣他的人提供奔驰越野车，他认为他的顾客会忠于用车。A. reliable可靠的；B. responsible负责的；C. loyal忠诚的；D. delightful令人高兴的。司机认为他的顾客会忠于用车，不会受不好的影响。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题部分)
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A lot of people feel overwhelmed trying to make changes that help the planet. Conservation psychologist Janet Swim from Pennsylvania State University says people often think their actions won't have enough of an impact to matter. “It's like, 'What can I do? It's just me.'” ____56____ it does matter a lot. “It's just like voting”,____57____ professor says. “I vote. I'm only one person. That one action is an important action ____58____(take). We work together as a collective to do things,” she said. And there's the multiplier effect. "Small behaviors matter particularly when ___59___(accumulate) across time and across people," Swim said. Household behavior ___60___ (actual) can make a substantial difference, ___61___(reduce) greenhouse gas emissions, according to researchers from Michigan State University and Vanderbilt University. Most of that potential comes from adopting energy-efficient behaviors. Their research lists the most practical 17 steps ___62___ each American can take, including carpooling, weatherizing houses and driving fuel-efficient ____63____(vehicle). If every American takes these steps, according to these researchers, it ___64___ (cut) the total U.S. household emissions by 20% over ten years -- an amount equal ____65____ the entire emissions output of France.
【答案】56. But
57. the 58. to take
59. accumulated
60. actually
61. reducing
62. that 63. vehicles
64. will cut
65. to
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。密歇根州立大学和范德比尔特大学的研究人员称，家庭行为实际上可以产生重大影响，减少温室气体排放。大部分的潜力来自于采用节能行为。他们的研究列出了每个美国人可以采取的最实用的17个步骤，可以在未来十年内将美国家庭的总排放量减少20%。
【56题详解】
考查连词。句意：人们通常认为他们的行为不会产生足够的影响。“就像‘我能做什么?这只是我。”但这确实很重要。根据上下文语境可知为转折关系，故填But。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：“这就像投票一样”，教授说。此处特指上文Janet Swim教授，故应用定冠词the。故填the。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个需要采取的重要行动。此处不定式做定语修饰action，表示“一个需要采取的重要行动”，故填to take。
【59题详解】
考查省略句。句意：小的行为尤其重要，尤其是随着时间和人群的积累。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。故本句完整为when (small behaviors are)accumulated across time and across people.故填accumulated。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：密歇根州立大学和范德比尔特大学的研究人员称，家庭行为实际上可以产生重大影响，减少温室气体排放。修饰下文整个句子应用副词形式，故填actually。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句中reduce做非谓语动词与逻辑主语household behavior构成主动关系，故用现在分词，故填reducing。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句连接词。句意：他们的研究列出了每个美国人可以采取的最实用的17个步骤，其中包括拼车、为房屋进行保温隔热以及驾驶节能汽车。本句为定语从句修饰先行词steps，且先行词在从句中做宾语，表示“步骤”，且由形容词最高级修饰，关系代词只能用that。故填that。
【63题详解】
考查名词的数。句意同上。vehicle为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故用复数形式。故填vehicles。
【64题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：根据这些研究人员的说法，如果每个美国人都采取这些措施，那么在未来十年内，美国家庭的总排放量将减少20%，相当于法国的总排放量。根据下文over ten years可知应用一般将来时，故填will cut。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意同上。固定短语equal to“相当于；等于”，故填to。
【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)
(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)
(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)
如第七小题，句意：他们的研究列出了每个美国人可以采取的最实用的17个步骤，其中包括拼车、为房屋进行保温隔热以及驾驶节能汽车。本句为定语从句修饰先行词steps，且先行词在从句中做宾语，表示“步骤”，且由形容词最高级修饰，关系代词只能用that。故填that。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
66.假设你是李华，得知你的英国笔友Jacky想到中国读大学，学习并体验中国文化，想征询你的意见。请你根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括:
1表示欢迎；
2.推荐大学；
3.你的期待。
注意:
1.词数80词左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jacky,
I am so delighted to have received your letter. I’m writing to express my warmest welcome to you and I’m sure you will have the most unforgettable college experience.
Given your keen interest in Chinese culture, I recommend you apply for Zhejiang University. You can immerse yourself in our profound history and splendid culture in its Chinese Literature major. Moreover, Zhejiang University is located in Hangzhou , which will attract you with its beautiful scenery and harmonious cultural environment.
I sincerely hope your dream will come true. If you have further questions, please let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假设你是李华，得知你的英国笔友Jacky想到中国读大学，学习并体验中国文化，想征询你的意见。请你根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括:1.表示欢迎；2.推荐大学；3.你的期待。
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：be delighted（高兴的）；warmest welcome（热烈欢迎）；unforgettable（难忘的）；keen interest（强烈的兴趣）；recommend（推荐）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。文章主要介绍目前就读的学校，故应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如Given your keen interest in Chinese culture, I recommend you apply for Zhejiang University.非谓语动词的运用；Moreover, Zhejiang University is located in Hangzhou , which will attract you with its beautiful scenery and harmonious cultural environment.运用了定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A few years ago, I had taken a part-time holiday-season job in a video store at the local shopping mall. From inside the store, I’d begun to see the people rushing by outside. Then an elderly woman caught my eye. Although slow and unsure of step, she moved with deliberation (从容), and there was no hesitation in her gestures. The elderly woman had come into the store along with a younger woman who I guessed was her daughter. The daughter was clearly impatient, rolling her eyes, huffing(长吁短叹) and sighing, checking her watch every few seconds.
The older woman then separated from the younger one and began to tick through the DVDs on the nearest shelf, obviously expecting someone else to help. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title scrawled (乱涂乱画的) on a piece of paper. It was a bit unclear to make out. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality. Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could find it.
Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her company for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who’d passed away the previous Christmas. As we walked along the back of the store, I introduced her to the different sections: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation.
We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she’d enjoyed when she was her daughter’s age and that she hoped she would enjoy it as much as she had. Maybe, she said with a hint of wistfulness(一丝渴望), her daughter could enjoy it with her own young children. Then, when the older woman’s turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she’d displayed earlier.
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150字左右；
2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
As the cashier put the DVD into a plastic bag, I walked over to the younger woman.
___________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The elderly woman moved with her deliberate slowness back to her daughter.
___________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 As the cashier put the DVD into a plastic bag, I walked over to the younger woman. “Is that your mom?” I asked, halfway expecting her to tell me it was none of my business. But she rolled her eyes and said, “Yeah.” I smiled to show her I wasn’t criticizing. “Cherish her,” I said. And then I answered her curious expression by saying, “When she’s gone, it’s the little moments like this that’ll come back to you.” It was true. I missed my mother still and remembered the moments when I was so impatient as to make her life miserable.
The elderly woman moved with her deliberate slowness back to her daughter. Together they made their way toward the exit of the video store. They stood there for a moment, side by side, waiting for the rushing holiday current and for their place in it. Then the daughter glanced over and momentarily regarded her mother. And slowly, almost reluctantly, she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother’s shoulders and gently guided her back into the deluge.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇读后续写作文。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者在一当地购物中心的一家音像店兼职，遇到了一位老妇人和自己的女儿前来购买DVD。老妇人不慌不忙，而年轻的女子则显得很不耐烦，作者陪着老妇人找到了电影，轮到老妇人排队时，她用现金付了钱，数着美元和硬币。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：当收银员把DVD放进塑料袋时，我走到那位年轻的女士面前。所以后文应该是作者讲述和年轻的女士的对话，作者告诫女子要珍惜自己的母亲；第二段开头是：老妇人慢吞吞地走回女儿身边。因此后文应当讲述在作者告诉了年轻女子珍惜自己的母亲后，老妇人结完账回到她身边女子的表现。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：criticize，curious expression，miserable, make one’s way等高级词汇；时间状语从句When she’s gone, it’s the little moments like this that’ll come back to you. with的复合结构And slowly, almost reluctantly, she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother’s shoulders and gently guided her back into the deluge.等高级句式。
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