高考英语语一轮复习——倒装句讲解及练习(附答案)
展开倒装句
倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装
1全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：
1）here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如：
Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 Here is your letter. 你的信。
2). up，down，out，away， in , off, ahead放于句首Up jumped the cat and caught the mouse.
Ahead sat an old woman.
3）表示地点，时间，方向等的介词短语放在句首时例如：After the head walked a group of workers.
4.“作表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词+系动词+主语”形式的完全倒装
Seated in the front were the guests.
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：
Here he comes. 他来了。 Away they went. 他们走开了。
2部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, rarely, scarely, in no way, under no circumstance, at no time决不, not until… 等。例如：
Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。
当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如：
The mother didn\'t leave the room until the child fell asleep.
典型例题
1）---Why can\'t I smoke here? ----At no time___ in the meeting-room
A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit
2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know B. man know C. didn\'t man know D. did man know
2.Not only…but also前面倒装，后面不倒装
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。
3．Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，要倒装。
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
典型例题 No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D.had the game begun
4 so, neither, nor作部分倒装
so/neither/nor+be/can(should/will/could…..)/do(did/does)+sb表示\"也\"、\"也不\" 的句子要部分倒装。例如：
典型例题 ---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? ---I don\'t know, _____.
A. nor don\'t I care B. nor do I care C. I don\'t care neither D. I don\'t care also
注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为\"的确如此\"。例如：
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It\'s raining hard.---So it is.
5 only在句首后接状语用总分倒装。例如：
Only in this way can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。
如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：
Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。
注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。
e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this. only
Only a few young men went to the theatre. （修饰主语时则不用倒装）
Ex：1)Only in this way ___ make progress in your English. A. you B. can you C. you be able to D. will you able to
2) Only when the meeting was over___ go back to meet his friend. A. he could B. he was able to C. was he able to D. was able to he
3)Only after liberation___ to be treated as human beings.
A.did they begin B. they had begun C.they did begin D. had they begun
6 as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意：
1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。Child as he is， he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词
注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
7. so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。例如：
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。
Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
= So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
8. So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。
So happy did he feel. Such was me.
9. 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如： May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。
10. 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如： Were I you, I would try it again. 我是你的话，就再试一次。
11. "分词(代词) + be + 主语"结构。如:
Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.
Such was the story he told me.
done做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。
Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.
12.为了保持句子的平蘅或为了强调表语和状语，或使上下文紧密衔接，把它们放在句首用倒装句。该结构不需加助动词。
East of the town lies a beautiful lake.
In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.
Outside the doctor’s clinic were twenty patients.
