还剩20页未读，
继续阅读
2024届山东省济南市高三下学期一模英语试题（含解析）
展开
这是一份2024届山东省济南市高三下学期一模英语试题（含解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
Making tiny furniture is n piece f cake. In this curse, jin Amanda Kelly, wh is nw pursuing her Master’s degree f Fine Arts in Sculpture at Radfrd University, t learn hw t create realistic furniture frm the beginning. While students wh have taken this curse are highly encuraged t sign up, students f all levels are welcme!
Curse Overview
This curse includes five sessins, each lasting fr 2 hurs n five Tuesdays beginning n Nvember 7.
Sessin 1 (Tuesday, 11/7, 7—9:00 PM) Fundatins and Scale
Sessin 2 (Tuesday, 11/14, 7—9: 00 PM) Making the Side Table
Sessin 3 (Tuesday, 11/21, 7—9:00 PM) Making the Bed
Sessin 4 (Tuesday, 11/28, 7—9: 00 PM) One Persn’s Waste Is Anther’s Tiny Treasure
Sessin 5 (Tuesday, 12/5, 7—9:00 PM) Sharing Yur Creatins
Pricing Optins
In additin t full-price tickets f $225, a limited number f n-pay tickets are available fr this curse. Please nte that these tickets are reserved fr thse wh wuld nt therwise be able t take this curse and wh expect t attend all sessins. N-pay tickets are distributed via a randm drawing tw weeks befre each curse begins. Fr mre infrmatin and t apply fr a n-pay spt, please click here.
What Else t Knw
This is an interactive, small-grup wrkshp. Students are encuraged t participate in discussins and wrk n assignments utside f class. Due t the interactive nature f this curse, we strngly recmmend students attend as many live sessins as pssible. If students are unable t attend the live sessins, after each sessin they will receive access t a recrding f the live sessin, which they can watch fr up t tw weeks after the curse cncludes.
1．In which sessin may students display their wrks?
A．Sessin 2.B．Sessin 3.C．Sessin 4.D．Sessin 5.
2．What can students d if they miss a live sessin?
A．Reach ut t ther students.
B．Email the instructr immediately.
C．Make up fr the class within 72 hurs.
D．Watch the recrded class within 14 days.
3．What is the text?
A．A research paper.B．A submissin guide.
C．A curse intrductin.D．A furniture brchure.
When Param Jaggi was five years ld, he had a passin t take things apart t see what was inside. He started with tys and even brke a cmputer, which made his parents nt t pleased. As he gt lder, he shifted frm breaking things t building things, which greatly cmfrted his parents. In middle schl. he started wrking n prjects in his kitchen labratry, and his first prject was making bifuels.
Althugh Jaggi’s parents initially thught his experiments were just. a byhd fancy, he remained determined t make a difference t the envirnment. Eventually, his parents came arund and started supprting his dreams. Jaggi’s interest cntinued as he grew up, but he fcused mre n slving real prblems, especially thse related t the envirnment.
At 17, Jaggi went beynd his schl prjects and. c-funded Ecviate, a cmpany that uses technlgy t slve everyday energy and envirnmental prblems. He planned t transfrm peple’s idea that ging green is expensive, by making available a series f affrdable prducts that are easy t use. Thrugh Ecviate, he designed prducts that culd cntribute t a greener future. One f his ntable inventins was the “CO2ube”, a device that culd be attached t vehicle tailpipes t reduce carbn emissins, and it’s available t many peple at lw prices. He als created a smartwatch that changed bdy heat int energy, which can be used t pwer up the watch as well as mbile phnes.
Yung Jaggi, nw a third-grade cllege student studying engineering and ecnmics, has becme a famus ec-innvatr and his cmpany is develping prmisingly. Hwever, Jaggi’s visin t save the envirnment ges beynd creating prducts. He plans t launch an nline platfrm thrugh Ecviate, which will encurage yung students interested in science and technlgy t get actively invlved in innvatin and inventin. Students can submit a science prject nline, and talk abut the help that they need t make the prject a reality.
4．What can we learn abut Jaggi?
A．He was curius by nature.B．He dreamed t be an engineer.
C．He always annyed his parents.D．He was addicted t playing tys.
5．Which f the fllwing can best replace the underlined part “came arund” in Paragraph 2?
A．Wn ut.B．Changed their minds.
C．Walked arund. D．Paid a visit.
6．What drve Jaggi t develp affrdable and user-friendly prducts?
A．His lve fr greener devices.B．His pursuit f academic career.
C．His desire t make a difference.D．His hpe t bst green industry.
7．Why des Jaggie plan t launch an nline platfrm?
A．T prmte smart prducts.B．T empwer yung inventrs.
C．T prvide ec-themed curses.D．T ffer envirnmentalists funds.
A new study reveals that pigens (鸽子) can tackle sme prblems just like artificial intelligence, enabling them t slve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previus research has therized that pigens emply a prblem-slving strategy, invlving a trial-and- errr apprach, which is similar t the apprach used in AI mdels but differs frm humans’ reliance n selective attentin and rule use. T examine it, Brandn Turner, a psychlgy prfessr at the Ohi State University, and his clleagues cnducted the new study.
In the study, the pigens were presented with varius visual images, including lines f different widths and angles, and different types f rings. The pigens had t peck (啄) a buttn n the right r left t indicate the categry t which the image belnged. If they gt it crrect, they received fd; if they were wrng, they received nthing. Results shwed that, thrugh trial and errr, the pigens imprved their accuracy in categrizatin tasks, increasing their crrect chices frm abut 55% t 95%.
Researchers believed pigens used assciative learning, which is linking tw phenmena with each ther. Fr example, it is easy t understand the link. between “water” and “wet”. “Assciative learning is frequently assumed t be far t primitive t. explain cmplex visual categrizatin like what we saw the pigens d,” Turner said. But that’s exactly what the researchers fund.
The researchers’ AI mdel tackled the same tasks using just the tw simple mechanisms that pigens were assumed t use: assciative learning and errr crrectin. And, like the pigens, the AI mdel learned t make the right predictins t significantly increase the number f crrect answers. Fr humans, the challenge when given tasks like thse given t pigens is that they wuld try t cme up with rules that culd make the task easier. But in this case, there were n rules, which upsets humans.
What’s interesting, thugh, is that pigens use this methd f learning that is very similar t AI designed by humans, Turner said. “We celebrate hw smart we are that we designed artificial intelligence: at the same time, we regard pigens as nt clever animals,” he said.
8．What is the purpse f the new study?
A．T test a thery.B．T evaluate a mdel.
C．T emply a strategy.D．T invlve an apprach.
9．What were the pigens expected t d in the experiment?
A．Draw circles.B．Crrect errrs.C．Cpy gestures.D．Identify images.
10．What d pigens and AI have in cmmn accrding t the study?
A．They are f equal intelligence.
B．They are gd at making rules.
C．They respnd rapidly t rders frm humans.
D．They emply simple ways t get things dne.
11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Pigens’ trial-and-errr methd is revealed
B．Pigens utperfrm humans in tugh tasks
C．“Nt smart” pigens may be as smart as AI
D．AI mdels after pigens’ learning apprach
Like many peple ver the past few years, I have fund myself turning t audibks as my main means f reading literature. I find it far mre cmfrtable t “read with my ears” while my eyes are resting. My cnsumptin f new bks has dubled as a result--but a recent paper makes me wnder if this will cme at the price f my cmprehensin.
The study cmes frm Baz Keysar and Janet Geipel, bth at the University f Chicag, and it draws frm the “dual prcess mdel” f mental prcessing. Accrding t this-view, we have tw ways f assessing infrmatin. System 1 is intuitive (直觉的), relying n natural ability and feeling. It is quick, but likely expsed t misinfrmatin. System 2 is analytical invlving the use f lgic reasning. It is mentally demanding. When it is engaged, we think ur way thrugh the material step by step. Fr decades, psychlgists have designed varius tests t determine which f these tw systems a persn is using. As ne example, cnsider the/ fllwing questin: Hw many animals f each kind did Mses take n the Ark (方舟)? If yu answered tw, yu were prbably nly cnsidering the cre f the questin, which is System 1 thinking. T get t the right answer-zer, yu need t think mre carefully abut the wrding, which wuld allw yu t remember it was Nah wh built the Ark, nt Mses. That is the kind f analytical prcess.
Keysar and Geipel’s brilliant idea was t investigate whether the sensry frm-seeing vs. hearing-f the infrmatin wuld make a difference. They fund that it did: when answering these kinds f simple questins, participants were mre likely t make errrs when the sentences were spken ut lud, rather than written.
A greater reliance n ur feelings culd be a prblem if we are cnsuming infrmatin that needs lgical study. Fr this reasn. I will return t reading nn-fictin with my eyes rather than my ears. But I wn’t stp listening t nvels. I am quite happy t g with the flw f my emtins while my critical mind takes a break.
12．What des the authr think f listening t audibks?
A．It is ecnmical.B．It is demanding.
C．It is time-cnsuming.D．It is relaxing.
13．Which f the fllwing best describes System 2 mdel?
A．Fairly reliable.B．Fully autmatic.
C．Questin-centered.D．Emtin-invlved.
14．Why is the Ark mentined in Paragraph 3?
A．T present a fact.B．T illustrate a view.
C．T intrduce a tpic.D．T draw a cnclusin.
15．What des the authr intend t tell us?
A．Listening t bks cmes at a price.
B．Reading nn-fictin bks benefits.
C．Critical thinking is a must in reading.
D．Ways f prcessing infrmatin differ.
Risks f Overtraining
Getting in shape and training fr an event such as a marathn requires lng-lasting and intense physical cmmitment. 16 But the truth is, smetimes the very acts we d t get healthy can actually push us past ur physical limits.
Specifically, vertraining is a set f signs that ccur when yur bdy is nt able t recver sufficiently befre ging int yur next wrkut. 17 Peple tend t ignre them. Over time, the cycle f starting the next training sessin befre allwing recvery causes breakdwn f the very parts f the bdy that yu wrk s hard t build up.
The structures and systems f yur bdy adapt t the demands yu have placed n them befre the rest time. If yur wrkut slightly ges beynd yur current ability, it will adapt tward what yu did in a psitive way. 18
Tw main factrs are necessary in recvery: nutritin. and rest. Gd nutritin, including water and prtein intake, is extremely imprtant, especially within 40 minutes f yur wrkut. 19 Yur bdy uses the nutrients yu have given it during the rest time. especially sleep, t strengthen.
One f the best ways t prevent vertraining is t fcus n yur mrning resting heart rate. 20 Generally, yu will detect an increase in yur heart rate befre the ther signs shw up. Tracking it in a lg can be a great way t mnitr yur recvery.
A．It's easy t measure and track.
B．Allwing time fr recvery is als essential.
C．The prblem is that they shw up very gradually.
D．Belw are the signs and symptms f vertraining.
E．Listening t yur bdy will assure yu f yur fitness gals.
F．If far beynd, it'll take lnger t adapt and may cause injury.
G．We generally assume regular intense exercise gd fr ur health.
二、完形填空
The 13-year-ld girl Anna Grace is a vlleyball manager, a basketball manager, and a theater vlunteer, but perhaps her greatest 21 is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.
Anna was first diagnsed（诊断）with a rare type f 22 in December f 2019. A sftball player at the time, she tld her parents she was experiencing muscle 23 in her left arm, nly lifting it abut eye-level. She had t 24 surgery n her left arm.
Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery, dctrs scanned her 25 t make sure she was cancer-free and then in August f 2023, dctrs 26 a spt n her lungs. She had anther 27 n September t remve it. Anna said later the first time with cancer, it felt like a learning stage. The secnd time arund, it was a little 28 t accept the news.
And thrughut all f this, Anna has had t 29 schl wrk and hspital life. Her sufferings with cancer frced her t really 30 herself because she was ut f schl fr quite a while. Nw she has 31 and has straight As. Anna’s father, Eric Bartel, said her jurney has inspired him t 32 every mment, enjying time with his lving daughter.
Anna is ding well these days thugh. She’s 33 in theater and is a cach’s assistant. “When yu’re n 34 yu have t keep fighting, ”Anna said. “Always live life t the fullest each day. Yu’re lved. Yur life 35 .”
21．A．excitementB．achievementC．devtinD．ambitin
22．A．painB．cldC．cancerD．fever
23．A．weaknessB．grwthC．recveryD．relief
24．A．perfrmB．haveC．attendD．refuse
25．A．brieflyB．ccasinallyC．partlyD．regularly
26．A．nticedB．crasedC．ignredD．marked
27．A．assessmentB．appintmentC．examinatinD．peratin
28．A．harderB．easierC．strangerD．better
29．A．slveB．cnnectC．abandnD．balance
30．A．applyB．cntrlC．cnvinceD．frgive
31．A．caught upB．held backC．drpped utD．blwn up
32．A．spareB．appreciateC．imagineD．create
33．A．activeB．gracefulC．dminantD．cautius
34．A．vacatinB．trustC．treatmentD．duty
35．A．declinesB．suffersC．mattersD．waits
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Driven by a great passin fr guqin, 36 is an ancient Chinese instrument, Li Xiangting, a prfessr at the Central Cnservatry f Music in Beijing 37 (devte) nearly 70 years t mastering and prmting it since his first encunter with it.
In 1958, Li became the nly gugin majr in the Traditinal Chinese Instruments Department. Given that guqin was 38 (relative) unknwn, Li was ften ignred. Everyne cnsidered it ut f date, 39 he thught it deserved an imprtant psitin and was determined t make it 40 (appreciate) by everyne.
In rder t intrduce it 41 a glbal audience, Li innvated while hnring the instrument’s rich traditins. Later, he als prduced teaching vides, 42 (publish) bks, and released albums, significantly bsting the instrument’s 43 (ppular).
In the fllwing years, mre enthusiasts and musicians like Li wrked n the art. With 44 (they) effrts, the UNESCO recgnized the art as an intangible (非物质的) heritage f humanity in 2003. Mrever, his daughter, Li Pengpeng, has fllwed in her father’s ftsteps, 45 (serve) as an ambassadr in prmting traditinal Chinese culture.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Frank发来邮件，询问你校“阳光大课间”活动的开展情况。请写封回信，内容包括：
1. 活动内容；
2. 你的看法。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Frank,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
6-year-ld Quinn Hill became her family’s her when she tk immediate actin during an emergency that saved her mther’s life with the help f her neighbr, Mrs. Smith.
Jennifer, a 39-year-ld single mther, began the day by sending her child, Hill, t schl. Having n idea what wuld happen, Jennifer was filled with anxiety. After all, it was the first day f a new schl year fr Hill, a fresh start! On the way schl. she repeatedly reminded Hill t slve prblems psitively and fit in. Thugh wrried, Jennifer had t wave gdbye t her daughter, watching her twards the schl gate.
The whle day was packed with husewrk. Jennifer tidied the huse, washed clthes, and prepared fr the evening meal. As the schl bell rang, signaling the end f the day, Jennifer picked Hill up frm schl. On seeing Jennifer, Hill culdn’t wait t hug her, sharing the schl experiences. Chatting and laughing accmpanied them all the way. Hill’s inncent laughter was like Jennifer’s ray f sunshine.
Appraching hme, they encuntered Mrs. Smith, a mst kind and thughtful husewife living in their neighbrhd fr many years. Mrs. Smith ften invited Jennifer and Hill t her hme and shared her hmemade desserts and ckies. The tw families develped a clse relatinship and Hill liked t stay with Mrs. Smith, wh always brightened her days with willingness and timely help. After exchanging greetings, they went back t their wn hmes.
On arriving hme, Jennifer set ut t prepare dinner. As the sun began t set, the huse was full f a pleasant smell f cking fd. Jennifer and Hill sat at the kitchen table when Jennifer suddenly began t seize. She was sitting in a chair, lking up at the ceiling. and experiencing abnrmal breathing. She then fell ut f the chair nt her left side, her hands balled int fists, and her bdy was shaking vilently. Her eyes were pen, and Hill kept calling “Mmmy, Mmmy”, but she culd nt respnd.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Realizing the severe situatin, Hill ran ut fr help.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jennifer finally came t herself in the hspital.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．D 3．C
【导语】
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个制作家具的课程，主要涵盖课程概述、价格、其他须知事项等信息。
1．
细节理解题。根据Curse Overview中“Sessin 5 (Tuesday, 12/5, 7—9:00 PM) Sharing Yur Creatins (第五节（星期二，12月5日，晚上7至9点）分享你的创作)”可知，学生将在第五节课中展示自己的作品。故选D项。
2．
细节理解题。根据What Else t Knw中“If students are unable t attend the live sessins, after each sessin they will receive access t a recrding f the live sessin, which they can watch fr up t tw weeks after the curse cncludes. (如果学生不能参加现场课程，在每次课程结束后，他们将获得现场课程的录像，在课程结束后，他们可以观看长达两周的时间)”可知，如果学生错过了现场课程，他可以在14天内观看录制的课程。故选D项。
3．
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“In this curse, jin Amanda Kelly, wh is nw pursuing her Master’s degree f Fine Arts in Sculpture at Radfrd University, t learn hw t create realistic furniture frm the beginning. (在本课程中，加入现在正在莱德福德大学攻读雕塑艺术硕士学位的Amanda Kelly，学习如何从头开始创造现实的家具)”可推知，文章应该是一篇制作家具的课程的介绍，旨在与读者分享该课程的相关信息：课程概述、价格、其他须知事项。故选C项。
4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。它讲述了Param Jaggi从小对拆解事物的热爱，到后来转变为创造事物，特别是关注环境问题的解决。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“When Param Jaggi was five years ld, he had a passin t take things apart t see what was inside. He started with tys and even brke a cmputer, which made his parents nt t pleased.(当帕拉姆·贾吉五岁的时候，他就热衷于拆卸东西看看里面是什么。他从玩具开始，甚至弄坏了一台电脑，这让他的父母很不高兴)”可知，帕拉姆·贾吉从小热衷于拆卸东西看看里面是什么，所以推知他生性好奇。故选A项。
5．词句猜测题。根据前文“Althugh Jaggi’s parents initially thught his experiments were just. a byhd fancy, he remained determined t make a difference t the envirnment.(尽管贾吉的父母最初认为他的实验只是男孩子的一时兴起，但他仍然坚定地想要为环境做出改变)”以及后文“started supprting his dreams(开始支持他的梦想)”可知，起初，贾吉的父母认为他的实验只是男孩子的一时兴起，后面开始支持他，所以是父母的改变了主意，推知came arund意为“改变主意”，和B项意思相近。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段“Jaggi’s interest cntinued as he grew up, but he fcused mre n slving real prblems, especially thse related t the envirnment.(贾吉的兴趣随着年龄的增长而持续，但他更加专注于解决现实问题，尤其是与环境相关的问题)”以及第三段“At 17, Jaggi went beynd his schl prjects and. c-funded Ecviate, a cmpany that uses technlgy t slve everyday energy and envirnmental prblems. He planned t transfrm peple’s idea that ging green is expensive, by making available a series f affrdable prducts that are easy t use. Thrugh Ecviate, he designed prducts that culd cntribute t a greener future.(17岁时，贾吉超越了学校项目的范畴，与他人共同创立了Ecviate公司，该公司利用技术解决日常的能源和环境问题。他计划通过提供一系列易用且价格实惠的产品来改变人们认为环保成本高昂的观念。通过Ecviate，他设计了一些有助于创造更绿色未来的产品)”可知，贾吉决心为环境做出改变，他认为绿色是昂贵的观念需要改变，因此他计划推出一系列价格实惠、易于使用的产品。这表明他开发这些产品的驱动力是他想要为环境和社会做出改变，即他的渴望有所不同。故选C项。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Yung Jaggi, nw a third-grade cllege student studying engineering and ecnmics, has becme a famus ec-innvatr and his cmpany is develping prmisingly. Hwever, Jaggi’s visin t save the envirnment ges beynd creating prducts. He plans t launch an nline platfrm thrugh Ecviate, which will encurage yung students interested in science and technlgy t get actively invlved in innvatin and inventin. Students can submit a science prject nline, and talk abut the help that they need t make the prject a reality.(年轻的贾吉现在是一名学习工程和经济学的三年级大学生，他已经成为了一位著名的生态创新者，他的公司发展前景看好。然而，贾吉拯救环境的愿景不仅仅局限于创造产品。他计划通过Ecviate推出一个在线平台，鼓励对科学和技术感兴趣的年轻学生积极参与创新和发明。学生可以在线提交科学项目，并谈论他们需要帮助才能使项目成为现实的相关事宜)”可知，贾吉计划通过Ecviate推出一个在线平台，鼓励对科学和技术感兴趣的年轻学生积极参与创新和发明。因此，贾吉计划推出在线平台的目的是为了赋能年轻的发明家，让他们有更多的机会去创新和发明。故选B项。
8．A 9．D 10．D 11．C
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究，该研究揭示了鸽子在某些问题解决上的能力与人工智能相似，并通过实验验证了这一观点。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study reveals that pigens (鸽子) can tackle sme prblems just like artificial intelligence, enabling them t slve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previus research has therized that pigens emply a prblem-slving strategy, invlving a trial-and- errr apprach, which is similar t the apprach used in AI mdels but differs frm humans’ reliance n selective attentin and rule use. T examine it, Brandn Turner, a psychlgy prfessr at the Ohi State University, and his clleagues cnducted the new study.(一项新的研究表明，鸽子可以像人工智能一样解决一些问题，使它们能够解决可能挑战人类的困难任务。先前的研究推测，鸽子采用一种解决问题的策略，包括试错法，这与人工智能模型中使用的方法类似，但不同于人类对选择性注意和规则使用的依赖。为了检验这一点，俄亥俄州立大学的心理学教授布兰登·特纳和他的同事进行了这项新研究)”可知，这项新研究的目的是为了检验一个理论。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the study, the pigens were presented with varius visual images, including lines f different widths and angles, and different types f rings. The pigens had t peck (啄) a buttn n the right r left t indicate the categry t which the image belnged.(在这项研究中，研究人员向鸽子展示了各种视觉图像，包括不同宽度和角度的线条，以及不同类型的环。鸽子必须啄一下图片左边或右边的一个按钮来表示图片所属的类别)”可知，鸽子在实验中需要识别图像。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers’ AI mdel tackled the same tasks using just the tw simple mechanisms that pigens were assumed t use: assciative learning and errr crrectin.(研究人员的人工智能模型只使用了假设鸽子使用的两种简单机制：联想学习和纠错)”以及最后一段“What’s interesting, thugh, is that pigens use this methd f learning that is very similar t AI designed by humans, Turner said. “We celebrate hw smart we are that we designed artificial intelligence: at the same time, we regard pigens as nt clever animals,” he said.(Turner说，有趣的是，鸽子使用的这种学习方法与人类设计的人工智能非常相似。他说：“我们为自己设计出人工智能而感到高兴，但同时，我们认为鸽子并不聪明。”)”可知，根据这项研究，鸽子和人工智能都采用简单的方法来完成任务。故选D项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study reveals that pigens (鸽子) can tackle sme prblems just like artificial intelligence, enabling them t slve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previus research has therized that pigens emply a prblem-slving strategy, invlving a trial-and- errr apprach, which is similar t the apprach used in AI mdels but differs frm humans’ reliance n selective attentin and rule use. T examine it, Brandn Turner, a psychlgy prfessr at the Ohi State University, and his clleagues cnducted the new study.(一项新的研究表明，鸽子可以像人工智能一样解决一些问题，使它们能够解决可能挑战人类的困难任务。先前的研究推测，鸽子采用一种解决问题的策略，包括试错法，这与人工智能模型中使用的方法类似，但不同于人类对选择性注意和规则使用的依赖。为了检验这一点，俄亥俄州立大学的心理学教授布兰登·特纳和他的同事进行了这项新研究)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了研究表明鸽子在某些问题解决上的能力与人工智能相似，因此选项C““Nt smart” pigens may be as smart as AI(“不聪明”的鸽子可能和人工智能一样聪明)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。
12．D 13．A 14．B 15．A
【导语】
本文为一篇议论文。文章主要围绕作者使用有声书作为阅读方式的经历和体验展开，并引入了一项关于信息处理方式的研究，以此为基础探讨了有声书对阅读理解可能产生的影响。
12．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Like many peple ver the past few years, I have fund myself turning t audibks as my main means f reading literature. I find it far mre cmfrtable t “read with my ears” while my eyes are resting.(像许多人一样，在过去的几年里，我发现自己把有声读物作为阅读文学作品的主要手段。我发现在眼睛休息的时候“用耳朵阅读”要舒服得多。)”以及最后一段“But I wn’t stp listening t nvels. I am quite happy t g with the flw f my emtins while my critical mind takes a break.(但我不会停止听小说。当我的批判性思维得到休息时，我很高兴随自己的情绪流动而去。)”可知，作者认为听有声读物会让人放松。故选D。
13．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“System 2 is analytical invlving the use f lgic reasning. It is mentally demanding. When it is engaged, we think ur way thrugh the material step by step.(系统2是分析性的，涉及逻辑推理的使用。这是精神上的要求。当它参与时，我们一步一步地思考材料。)”可知，System 2涉及使用逻辑推理进行信息处理，它要求精神上的努力，通过一步一步地思考材料来得出结论。因此，System 2的结果相对可靠得多。故选A。
14．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As ne example, cnsider the/ fllwing questin: Hw many animals f each kind did Mses take n the Ark（方舟）? If yu answered tw, yu were prbably nly cnsidering the cre f the questin, which is System 1 thinking. T get t the right answer-zer, yu need t think mre carefully abut the wrding, which wuld allw yu t remember it was Nah wh built the Ark, nt Mses. That is the kind f analytical prcess.(举个例子，考虑下面的问题：摩西带了多少种动物上了方舟？如果你回答了两个，你可能只考虑了问题的核心，即系统1思维。为了得到正确的答案——零，你需要更仔细地思考措辞，这将使你记住是诺亚建造了方舟，而不是摩西。这是一种分析过程。)”可知，作者提到方舟是为了举例说明一个观点，即System 1和System 2在处理信息时的不同方式。通过提出“摩西在方舟上带了多少种动物？”的问题，并解释正确答案是如何通过更仔细地考虑措辞得出的，作者展示了System 2涉及的逻辑推理过程。因此，方舟的提及是为了阐明关于信息处理方式的观点。故选B。
15．
推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，作者通过分享自己使用有声书作为阅读方式的经历，以及引入关于信息处理方式的研究，意在表明听书可能会带来理解上的代价。文章提到，尽管听书让作者增加了阅读量，但研究结果显示，听书在处理某些信息时可能不如阅读书面材料准确。特别是对于那些需要逻辑研究的信息，听书可能导致更多的错误。因此，作者认为听书是有代价的，特别是在理解方面。故选A。
16．G 17．C 18．F 19．B 20．A
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了过度训练的风险。
16．根据下文“But the truth is, smetimes the very acts we d t get healthy can actually push us past ur physical limits.(但事实是，有时我们为了健康而做的事情实际上会让我们超越身体的极限)”可知，选项与下文为转折关系，说明人们关于高强度运动队健康的一般看法。故G选项“我们通常认为有规律的高强度运动对我们的健康有益。”切题。故选G项。
17．根据上文“Specifically, vertraining is a set f signs that ccur when yur bdy is nt able t recver sufficiently befre ging int yur next wrkut.(具体来说，过度训练是当你的身体无法在下一次锻炼前充分恢复时出现的一系列迹象)”以及下文“Peple tend t ignre them.(人们往往会忽略它们)”可知，迹象出现的较为缓慢。故C选项“问题是，它们的出现非常缓慢”切题。故选C项。
18．根据上文“If yur wrkut slightly ges beynd yur current ability, it will adapt tward what yu did in a psitive way.(如果你的锻炼稍微超出了你目前的能力，它会以一种积极的方式适应你所做的)”可知，选项承接上文说明锻炼严重超出了你目前的能力，会导致的结果。故B选项“如果锻炼严重超出了你目前的能力，需要更长的时间来适应，并可能导致受伤。”切题。故选B项。
19．根据下文“Yur bdy uses the nutrients yu have given it during the rest time. especially sleep, t strengthen.(你的身体会利用你在休息时间给它的营养，尤其是要加强睡眠)”可知，要给恢复留出时间。故B选项“留出恢复的时间也很重要”切题。故选B项。
20．根据上文“One f the best ways t prevent vertraining is t fcus n yur mrning resting heart rate.(防止过度训练的最好方法之一是关注你的晨间静息心率)”及下文“Generally, yu will detect an increase in yur heart rate befre the ther signs shw up.(一般来说，在其他迹象出现之前，你会发现心率的增加)”可知，心率很容易测量和跟踪。故A选项“它很容易测量和跟踪”切题。故选A项。
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．A 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是13岁女孩Anna Grace两次战胜癌症的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：13岁的女孩安娜·格蕾丝(Anna Grace)是排球经理、篮球经理和剧院志愿者，但她最大的成就也许是两次战胜癌症。A. excitement兴奋；激动；B. achievement成就；C. devtin忠诚；奉献；D. ambitin报负；雄心。根据空后“is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.”可知Anna Grace两次战胜癌症，这的确是一种伟大的成就。故选B项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：安娜于2019年12月首次被诊断出患有一种罕见的癌症。A. pain疼痛；伤痛；B. cld寒冷；C. cancer癌症；D. fever发烧。根据后文“Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery, dctrs scanned her ____5____ t make sure she was cancer-free and then in August f 2023, dctrs ____6____ a spt n her lungs. She had anther ____7____ n September t remve it.”可知安娜患上了癌症。故选 C项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她当时是一名垒球运动员，她告诉父母，她的左臂肌肉无力，只能抬起大约与眼睛齐平的位置。A. weakness虚弱；不足；B. grwth成长；C. recvery恢复；D. relief宽慰；欣慰。根据后文“in her left arm, nly lifting it abut eye-level. She had t ____4____ surgery n her left arm.”可知安娜的左臂只能抬到大约与眼睛齐平的位置，所以可以推断是虚弱无力的。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不对左臂做外科手术。A. perfrm实施；表演；表现；B. have有，接受；C. attend参加；出席；照料；D. refuse拒绝。根据前文“she was experiencing muscle ____3____ in her left arm, nly lifting it abut eye-level.”以及后文“Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery” 可知此处指的是因为安娜的左臂虚弱无力所以必须做手术。have surgery“接受手术”。故选B项。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在手术后的几个周末，医生定期对她进行扫描，以确保她没有癌症，然后在2023年8月，医生注意到她的肺部有一个斑点。A. briefly简短地；B. ccasinally偶尔；偶然；C. partly部分地；D. regularly有规律地；定期地。根据空前“dctrs scanned her____5____ t make sure she was cancer-free”可知此处指的是手术后的定期扫描检查。故选D项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在手术后的几个周末，医生定期对她进行扫描，以确保她没有癌症，然后在2023年8月，医生注意到她的肺部有一个斑点。A. nticed注意到；B. crased打碎；使破裂；C. ignred忽视；忽略；D. marked标志；作记号。根据空后“a spt n her lungs.”可知此处指的是医生定期扫描时发现一了个斑点。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年9月，她又做了一次手术，把它切除了。A. assessment评估；估计；B. appintment 约定；任命；C. examinatin考试；D. peratin手术；实施。根据上文“Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery, dctrs scanned her ____5____ t make sure she was cancer-free and then in August f 2023, dctrs ____6____ a spt n her lungs.”以及空前“She had anther”可知此处指的是安娜进行了第二次手术切除了肺部发现的斑点。故选D项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二次，我比较容易接受这个消息了。A. harder更难的；B. easier更容易的；C. stranger更奇怪的；D. better更好。根据前文“Anna said later the first time with cancer, it felt like a learning stage. The secnd time arund, it was a little”可知在安娜看来这第二次诊断出癌症就像学习第二遍知识一样，接受起来要比第一次容易。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这期间，安娜不得不平衡学校工作和医院的生活。A. slve解决；处理；B. cnnect联系；连接；C. abandn抛弃；遗弃；D. balance平衡。根据空后“schl wrk and hspital life.”可知此处指的是虽然身患癌症安娜依旧坚持平衡学习和医院生活之间的关系。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她患癌症的痛苦迫使她认真学习，因为她已经有一段时间没有上学了。A. apply施加；运用；B. cntrl控制；C. cnvince使相信；说服；D. frgive原谅。根据空后“herself because she was ut f schl fr quite a while. Nw she has ____11____ and has straight As.”可知此处指的是因为身患癌症，安娜的学习落下了很多，所以她只有让自己努力学习。apply neself t …“专心致志于某事”。故选A项。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在她已经赶上来了，成绩都是A。A. caught up跟上；赶上；B. held back阻止；抑制；C. drpped ut辍学；D. blwn up爆炸。根据空后“and has straight As.”可知此处指的是安娜的成绩都是A，所以可以推断经过一番努力安娜终于赶上来了。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：安娜的父亲埃里克·巴特尔说，她的旅程激励他珍惜每一刻，享受和他可爱的女儿在一起的时光。A. spare腾出；匀出；B. appreciate感激；感谢；C. imagine想象；D. create创造。根据空前“Nw she has ____11____ and has straight As. Anna’s father, Eric Bartel, said her jurney has inspired him t ____12____ every mment, enjying time with his lving daughter.”可知此处指的是安娜与癌症作斗争的经历让父亲深受感动，所以父亲非常珍惜与女儿在一起的时光。故选B项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她活跃于戏剧界，是一名教练的助理。 A. active积极的；B. graceful大方的；优雅的；C. dminant占优势的；占支配地位的；D. cautius谨慎的。根据空前“Anna is ding well these days thugh.”以及空后“in theatre ”以及“Always live life t the fullest each day.”可知此处指的是战胜癌症后的安娜在戏剧方面非常积极。故选A项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当你在接受治疗时，你必须继续战斗，”安娜说。A. vacatin假期；B. trust信任；C. treatment治疗；对待；D. duty责任；义务。根据全文内容以及空后“yu have t keep fighting, ”可知此处指的是安娜因为癌症必须接受治疗。故选C项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的生命很重要。A. declines下降；减少；B. suffers遭受；C. matters重要；有关系；D. waits等待。根据前文““When yu’re n ____14____ yu have t keep fighting, ”Anna said. “Always live life t the fullest each day. Yu’re lved. Yur life”可知在安娜看来我们应该每天都活到极致，是因为生命非常重要。故选C项。
36．which 37．has devted 38．relatively 39．but/yet 40．appreciated 41．t 42．published 43．ppularity 44．their 45．serving
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了北京中央音乐学院教授李祥霆对古琴的热爱和所做的推广工作。
36．
考查定语从句。句意：古琴是一种古老的中国乐器，出于对它的热爱，北京中央音乐学院教授李祥霆从第一次接触古琴开始，就花了近70年的时间来掌握和推广它。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是guqin，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
37．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：古琴是一种古老的中国乐器，出于对它的热爱，北京中央音乐学院教授李祥霆从第一次接触古琴开始，就花了近70年的时间来掌握和推广它。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语动词，结合时间状语“since his first encunter with it”可知，时态应用现在完成时，且主语Li Xiangting是单数，助动词应用has。故填has devted。
38．
考查副词。句意：由于古琴相对不为人知，李经常被忽视。分析句子可知，空处修饰形容词unknwn，relative的副词形式relatively符合题意，意为“相对地”。故填relatively。
39．
考查连词。句意：每个人都认为它过时了，但他认为它应该享有一个重要的地位，并决心让每个人都欣赏它。空处前后为完整的句子，上文表示“每个人都认为古琴过时了”，下文表示“他认为古琴应该享有一个重要的地位”，上下文语义构成转折，空处应用意为“但是”的并列连词but或yet连接上下文。故填but或yet。
40．
考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都认为它过时了，但他认为它应该享有一个重要的地位，并决心让每个人都欣赏它。分析句子可知，空处作宾语补足语，appreciate“欣赏”和指代古琴的it逻辑上是被动关系，应用appreciate的过去分词形式，make sth. dne意为“使某事被做”。故填appreciated。
41．
考查介词。句意：为了将它介绍给全球观众，李在尊重乐器丰富传统的同时进行了创新。根据“intrduce it”和“a glbal audience”可推知，此处用固定短语intrduce sth. t sb.，意为“把某物介绍给某人”。故填t。
42．
考查时态。句意：后来，他还制作了教学视频，出版了书籍，并发行了专辑，大大提高了乐器的知名度。分析句子可知，空处和prduced以及released并列，作句子的谓语，时态为一般过去时。故填published。
43．
考查名词。句意：后来，他还制作了教学视频，出版了书籍，并发行了专辑，大大提高了乐器的知名度。分析句子可知，空处作bsting的宾语，被the instrument’s修饰，ppular的名词形式ppularity符合题意，意为“受欢迎”，是不可数名词。故填ppularity。
44．
考查代词。句意：在他们的努力下，联合国教科文组织于2003年将这门艺术列为人类非物质遗产。分析句子可知，空处作修饰effrts的成分，应用形容词性物主代词their，意为“他们的”。故填their。
45．
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，他的女儿李蓬蓬也追随父亲的脚步，担任中国传统文化推广大使。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处的行为和谓语行为同时发生，作伴随状语，serve as“担任”和Li Pengpeng逻辑上是主动关系，应用serve的现在分词形式。故填serving。
46．
Dear Frank,
I’m glad t share with yu the details f ur schl’s “Sunshine Break” activity.
This initiative encurages students t participate in varius sprts and exercises during the break, aiming t enhance ur physical health and prmte a mre active lifestyle.
Persnally, I find it extremely beneficial as it nt nly imprves ur fitness level but als helps us t de-stress and refresh ur minds. The psitive energy it brings t the schl atmsphere is truly uplifting.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生给英国朋友Frank写封回信，向他介绍你校“阳光大课间”活动的开展情况。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
活动：activity→event
参加：participate in→take part in
提高：enhance→imprve
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This initiative encurages students t participate in varius sprts and exercises during the break, aiming t enhance ur physical health and prmte a mre active lifestyle.
拓展句：This initiative encurages students t participate in varius sprts and exercises during the break, which aims t enhance ur physical health and prmte a mre active lifestyle.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Persnally, I find it extremely beneficial as it nt nly imprves ur fitness level but als helps us t de-stress and refresh ur minds.(as引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2]The psitive energy it brings t the schl atmsphere is truly uplifting.(省略关系代词that/which的定语从句修饰先行词energy)
47．Realizing the severe situatin, Hill ran ut fr help. She dashed t Mrs. Smith’s huse, her small heart racing. “Mrs. Smith, cme quick! Mmmy’s nt mving!” she cried, her vice trembling with fear. Mrs. Smith, ever the cmpsed neighbr, fllwed Hill withut delay, immediately recgnizing the urgency f the situatin. Upn entering Jennifer’s hme, Mrs. Smith fund her n the flr, seizing. “Call 911, Hill, and stay n the line,” she instructed, her vice steady as she began first aid. Hill, thugh scared, managed t relay the emergency t the peratr, her mther’s lifeline.
Jennifer finally came t herself in the hspital. The sterile envirnment frmed a stark cntrast t the warmth f her kitchen. As she regained cnsciusness, she saw Hill’s tearful face and Mrs. Smith’s cmfrting presence. The relief was palpable; she knew her quick-thinking daughter and reliable neighbr had saved her life, reinfrcing the bnd f their little family and the cmmunity that supprted them.
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了六岁的昆恩·希尔在母亲詹妮弗突发紧急状况时，迅速采取行动，成为了家庭的英雄。詹妮弗在忙碌了一天家务后，在家中突发癫痫。意识到情况严重的希尔立即向邻居史密斯夫人求助。在史密斯夫人的帮助下，他们及时联系了紧急救援服务，确保詹妮弗得到了及时的医疗救助，从而挽救了她的生命。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“希尔意识到了问题的严重，赶紧跑出去求助。”可知，希尔看到母亲晕倒后就赶紧跑出去求助了，很可能是跑到了邻居家里。邻居听到求助后肯定会及时施救，希尔的妈妈最终会得救。
②根据第二段首句“詹妮弗在医院中苏醒了过来。”可知，希尔的妈妈最终果然得救了，但是晕倒在厨房的詹妮弗在医院醒来，一开始应该是感到疑惑，随后是感动，最后升华到邻里关系的重要。
2. 续写线索：厨房中晕倒——希尔赶紧向邻居求救——邻居紧急施救——詹妮弗在医院醒来——感到无比感动——升华。
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
疾跑：dash/sprint/hurdle
指示：instruct/direct/cmmand
转达：relay/cnvey/transmit
恢复：regain/recver/retrieve
情绪类
发抖：trembling/shaking/quivering
镇定：cmpsed/calmed/pised
害怕：fear/afraid/scared
宽慰：relief/slace/alleviatin
【点睛】【高分句型1】She dashed t Mrs. Smith’s huse, her small heart racing.（独立主格结构）
【高分句型2】As she regained cnsciusness, she saw Hill’s tearful face and Mrs. Smith’s cmfrting presence.（as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型3】The relief was palpable; she knew her quick-thinking daughter and reliable neighbr had saved her life, reinfrcing the bnd f their little family and the cmmunity that supprted them.（现在分词作结果状语）
一、阅读理解
Making tiny furniture is n piece f cake. In this curse, jin Amanda Kelly, wh is nw pursuing her Master’s degree f Fine Arts in Sculpture at Radfrd University, t learn hw t create realistic furniture frm the beginning. While students wh have taken this curse are highly encuraged t sign up, students f all levels are welcme!
Curse Overview
This curse includes five sessins, each lasting fr 2 hurs n five Tuesdays beginning n Nvember 7.
Sessin 1 (Tuesday, 11/7, 7—9:00 PM) Fundatins and Scale
Sessin 2 (Tuesday, 11/14, 7—9: 00 PM) Making the Side Table
Sessin 3 (Tuesday, 11/21, 7—9:00 PM) Making the Bed
Sessin 4 (Tuesday, 11/28, 7—9: 00 PM) One Persn’s Waste Is Anther’s Tiny Treasure
Sessin 5 (Tuesday, 12/5, 7—9:00 PM) Sharing Yur Creatins
Pricing Optins
In additin t full-price tickets f $225, a limited number f n-pay tickets are available fr this curse. Please nte that these tickets are reserved fr thse wh wuld nt therwise be able t take this curse and wh expect t attend all sessins. N-pay tickets are distributed via a randm drawing tw weeks befre each curse begins. Fr mre infrmatin and t apply fr a n-pay spt, please click here.
What Else t Knw
This is an interactive, small-grup wrkshp. Students are encuraged t participate in discussins and wrk n assignments utside f class. Due t the interactive nature f this curse, we strngly recmmend students attend as many live sessins as pssible. If students are unable t attend the live sessins, after each sessin they will receive access t a recrding f the live sessin, which they can watch fr up t tw weeks after the curse cncludes.
1．In which sessin may students display their wrks?
A．Sessin 2.B．Sessin 3.C．Sessin 4.D．Sessin 5.
2．What can students d if they miss a live sessin?
A．Reach ut t ther students.
B．Email the instructr immediately.
C．Make up fr the class within 72 hurs.
D．Watch the recrded class within 14 days.
3．What is the text?
A．A research paper.B．A submissin guide.
C．A curse intrductin.D．A furniture brchure.
When Param Jaggi was five years ld, he had a passin t take things apart t see what was inside. He started with tys and even brke a cmputer, which made his parents nt t pleased. As he gt lder, he shifted frm breaking things t building things, which greatly cmfrted his parents. In middle schl. he started wrking n prjects in his kitchen labratry, and his first prject was making bifuels.
Althugh Jaggi’s parents initially thught his experiments were just. a byhd fancy, he remained determined t make a difference t the envirnment. Eventually, his parents came arund and started supprting his dreams. Jaggi’s interest cntinued as he grew up, but he fcused mre n slving real prblems, especially thse related t the envirnment.
At 17, Jaggi went beynd his schl prjects and. c-funded Ecviate, a cmpany that uses technlgy t slve everyday energy and envirnmental prblems. He planned t transfrm peple’s idea that ging green is expensive, by making available a series f affrdable prducts that are easy t use. Thrugh Ecviate, he designed prducts that culd cntribute t a greener future. One f his ntable inventins was the “CO2ube”, a device that culd be attached t vehicle tailpipes t reduce carbn emissins, and it’s available t many peple at lw prices. He als created a smartwatch that changed bdy heat int energy, which can be used t pwer up the watch as well as mbile phnes.
Yung Jaggi, nw a third-grade cllege student studying engineering and ecnmics, has becme a famus ec-innvatr and his cmpany is develping prmisingly. Hwever, Jaggi’s visin t save the envirnment ges beynd creating prducts. He plans t launch an nline platfrm thrugh Ecviate, which will encurage yung students interested in science and technlgy t get actively invlved in innvatin and inventin. Students can submit a science prject nline, and talk abut the help that they need t make the prject a reality.
4．What can we learn abut Jaggi?
A．He was curius by nature.B．He dreamed t be an engineer.
C．He always annyed his parents.D．He was addicted t playing tys.
5．Which f the fllwing can best replace the underlined part “came arund” in Paragraph 2?
A．Wn ut.B．Changed their minds.
C．Walked arund. D．Paid a visit.
6．What drve Jaggi t develp affrdable and user-friendly prducts?
A．His lve fr greener devices.B．His pursuit f academic career.
C．His desire t make a difference.D．His hpe t bst green industry.
7．Why des Jaggie plan t launch an nline platfrm?
A．T prmte smart prducts.B．T empwer yung inventrs.
C．T prvide ec-themed curses.D．T ffer envirnmentalists funds.
A new study reveals that pigens (鸽子) can tackle sme prblems just like artificial intelligence, enabling them t slve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previus research has therized that pigens emply a prblem-slving strategy, invlving a trial-and- errr apprach, which is similar t the apprach used in AI mdels but differs frm humans’ reliance n selective attentin and rule use. T examine it, Brandn Turner, a psychlgy prfessr at the Ohi State University, and his clleagues cnducted the new study.
In the study, the pigens were presented with varius visual images, including lines f different widths and angles, and different types f rings. The pigens had t peck (啄) a buttn n the right r left t indicate the categry t which the image belnged. If they gt it crrect, they received fd; if they were wrng, they received nthing. Results shwed that, thrugh trial and errr, the pigens imprved their accuracy in categrizatin tasks, increasing their crrect chices frm abut 55% t 95%.
Researchers believed pigens used assciative learning, which is linking tw phenmena with each ther. Fr example, it is easy t understand the link. between “water” and “wet”. “Assciative learning is frequently assumed t be far t primitive t. explain cmplex visual categrizatin like what we saw the pigens d,” Turner said. But that’s exactly what the researchers fund.
The researchers’ AI mdel tackled the same tasks using just the tw simple mechanisms that pigens were assumed t use: assciative learning and errr crrectin. And, like the pigens, the AI mdel learned t make the right predictins t significantly increase the number f crrect answers. Fr humans, the challenge when given tasks like thse given t pigens is that they wuld try t cme up with rules that culd make the task easier. But in this case, there were n rules, which upsets humans.
What’s interesting, thugh, is that pigens use this methd f learning that is very similar t AI designed by humans, Turner said. “We celebrate hw smart we are that we designed artificial intelligence: at the same time, we regard pigens as nt clever animals,” he said.
8．What is the purpse f the new study?
A．T test a thery.B．T evaluate a mdel.
C．T emply a strategy.D．T invlve an apprach.
9．What were the pigens expected t d in the experiment?
A．Draw circles.B．Crrect errrs.C．Cpy gestures.D．Identify images.
10．What d pigens and AI have in cmmn accrding t the study?
A．They are f equal intelligence.
B．They are gd at making rules.
C．They respnd rapidly t rders frm humans.
D．They emply simple ways t get things dne.
11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Pigens’ trial-and-errr methd is revealed
B．Pigens utperfrm humans in tugh tasks
C．“Nt smart” pigens may be as smart as AI
D．AI mdels after pigens’ learning apprach
Like many peple ver the past few years, I have fund myself turning t audibks as my main means f reading literature. I find it far mre cmfrtable t “read with my ears” while my eyes are resting. My cnsumptin f new bks has dubled as a result--but a recent paper makes me wnder if this will cme at the price f my cmprehensin.
The study cmes frm Baz Keysar and Janet Geipel, bth at the University f Chicag, and it draws frm the “dual prcess mdel” f mental prcessing. Accrding t this-view, we have tw ways f assessing infrmatin. System 1 is intuitive (直觉的), relying n natural ability and feeling. It is quick, but likely expsed t misinfrmatin. System 2 is analytical invlving the use f lgic reasning. It is mentally demanding. When it is engaged, we think ur way thrugh the material step by step. Fr decades, psychlgists have designed varius tests t determine which f these tw systems a persn is using. As ne example, cnsider the/ fllwing questin: Hw many animals f each kind did Mses take n the Ark (方舟)? If yu answered tw, yu were prbably nly cnsidering the cre f the questin, which is System 1 thinking. T get t the right answer-zer, yu need t think mre carefully abut the wrding, which wuld allw yu t remember it was Nah wh built the Ark, nt Mses. That is the kind f analytical prcess.
Keysar and Geipel’s brilliant idea was t investigate whether the sensry frm-seeing vs. hearing-f the infrmatin wuld make a difference. They fund that it did: when answering these kinds f simple questins, participants were mre likely t make errrs when the sentences were spken ut lud, rather than written.
A greater reliance n ur feelings culd be a prblem if we are cnsuming infrmatin that needs lgical study. Fr this reasn. I will return t reading nn-fictin with my eyes rather than my ears. But I wn’t stp listening t nvels. I am quite happy t g with the flw f my emtins while my critical mind takes a break.
12．What des the authr think f listening t audibks?
A．It is ecnmical.B．It is demanding.
C．It is time-cnsuming.D．It is relaxing.
13．Which f the fllwing best describes System 2 mdel?
A．Fairly reliable.B．Fully autmatic.
C．Questin-centered.D．Emtin-invlved.
14．Why is the Ark mentined in Paragraph 3?
A．T present a fact.B．T illustrate a view.
C．T intrduce a tpic.D．T draw a cnclusin.
15．What des the authr intend t tell us?
A．Listening t bks cmes at a price.
B．Reading nn-fictin bks benefits.
C．Critical thinking is a must in reading.
D．Ways f prcessing infrmatin differ.
Risks f Overtraining
Getting in shape and training fr an event such as a marathn requires lng-lasting and intense physical cmmitment. 16 But the truth is, smetimes the very acts we d t get healthy can actually push us past ur physical limits.
Specifically, vertraining is a set f signs that ccur when yur bdy is nt able t recver sufficiently befre ging int yur next wrkut. 17 Peple tend t ignre them. Over time, the cycle f starting the next training sessin befre allwing recvery causes breakdwn f the very parts f the bdy that yu wrk s hard t build up.
The structures and systems f yur bdy adapt t the demands yu have placed n them befre the rest time. If yur wrkut slightly ges beynd yur current ability, it will adapt tward what yu did in a psitive way. 18
Tw main factrs are necessary in recvery: nutritin. and rest. Gd nutritin, including water and prtein intake, is extremely imprtant, especially within 40 minutes f yur wrkut. 19 Yur bdy uses the nutrients yu have given it during the rest time. especially sleep, t strengthen.
One f the best ways t prevent vertraining is t fcus n yur mrning resting heart rate. 20 Generally, yu will detect an increase in yur heart rate befre the ther signs shw up. Tracking it in a lg can be a great way t mnitr yur recvery.
A．It's easy t measure and track.
B．Allwing time fr recvery is als essential.
C．The prblem is that they shw up very gradually.
D．Belw are the signs and symptms f vertraining.
E．Listening t yur bdy will assure yu f yur fitness gals.
F．If far beynd, it'll take lnger t adapt and may cause injury.
G．We generally assume regular intense exercise gd fr ur health.
二、完形填空
The 13-year-ld girl Anna Grace is a vlleyball manager, a basketball manager, and a theater vlunteer, but perhaps her greatest 21 is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.
Anna was first diagnsed（诊断）with a rare type f 22 in December f 2019. A sftball player at the time, she tld her parents she was experiencing muscle 23 in her left arm, nly lifting it abut eye-level. She had t 24 surgery n her left arm.
Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery, dctrs scanned her 25 t make sure she was cancer-free and then in August f 2023, dctrs 26 a spt n her lungs. She had anther 27 n September t remve it. Anna said later the first time with cancer, it felt like a learning stage. The secnd time arund, it was a little 28 t accept the news.
And thrughut all f this, Anna has had t 29 schl wrk and hspital life. Her sufferings with cancer frced her t really 30 herself because she was ut f schl fr quite a while. Nw she has 31 and has straight As. Anna’s father, Eric Bartel, said her jurney has inspired him t 32 every mment, enjying time with his lving daughter.
Anna is ding well these days thugh. She’s 33 in theater and is a cach’s assistant. “When yu’re n 34 yu have t keep fighting, ”Anna said. “Always live life t the fullest each day. Yu’re lved. Yur life 35 .”
21．A．excitementB．achievementC．devtinD．ambitin
22．A．painB．cldC．cancerD．fever
23．A．weaknessB．grwthC．recveryD．relief
24．A．perfrmB．haveC．attendD．refuse
25．A．brieflyB．ccasinallyC．partlyD．regularly
26．A．nticedB．crasedC．ignredD．marked
27．A．assessmentB．appintmentC．examinatinD．peratin
28．A．harderB．easierC．strangerD．better
29．A．slveB．cnnectC．abandnD．balance
30．A．applyB．cntrlC．cnvinceD．frgive
31．A．caught upB．held backC．drpped utD．blwn up
32．A．spareB．appreciateC．imagineD．create
33．A．activeB．gracefulC．dminantD．cautius
34．A．vacatinB．trustC．treatmentD．duty
35．A．declinesB．suffersC．mattersD．waits
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Driven by a great passin fr guqin, 36 is an ancient Chinese instrument, Li Xiangting, a prfessr at the Central Cnservatry f Music in Beijing 37 (devte) nearly 70 years t mastering and prmting it since his first encunter with it.
In 1958, Li became the nly gugin majr in the Traditinal Chinese Instruments Department. Given that guqin was 38 (relative) unknwn, Li was ften ignred. Everyne cnsidered it ut f date, 39 he thught it deserved an imprtant psitin and was determined t make it 40 (appreciate) by everyne.
In rder t intrduce it 41 a glbal audience, Li innvated while hnring the instrument’s rich traditins. Later, he als prduced teaching vides, 42 (publish) bks, and released albums, significantly bsting the instrument’s 43 (ppular).
In the fllwing years, mre enthusiasts and musicians like Li wrked n the art. With 44 (they) effrts, the UNESCO recgnized the art as an intangible (非物质的) heritage f humanity in 2003. Mrever, his daughter, Li Pengpeng, has fllwed in her father’s ftsteps, 45 (serve) as an ambassadr in prmting traditinal Chinese culture.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Frank发来邮件，询问你校“阳光大课间”活动的开展情况。请写封回信，内容包括：
1. 活动内容；
2. 你的看法。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Frank,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
6-year-ld Quinn Hill became her family’s her when she tk immediate actin during an emergency that saved her mther’s life with the help f her neighbr, Mrs. Smith.
Jennifer, a 39-year-ld single mther, began the day by sending her child, Hill, t schl. Having n idea what wuld happen, Jennifer was filled with anxiety. After all, it was the first day f a new schl year fr Hill, a fresh start! On the way schl. she repeatedly reminded Hill t slve prblems psitively and fit in. Thugh wrried, Jennifer had t wave gdbye t her daughter, watching her twards the schl gate.
The whle day was packed with husewrk. Jennifer tidied the huse, washed clthes, and prepared fr the evening meal. As the schl bell rang, signaling the end f the day, Jennifer picked Hill up frm schl. On seeing Jennifer, Hill culdn’t wait t hug her, sharing the schl experiences. Chatting and laughing accmpanied them all the way. Hill’s inncent laughter was like Jennifer’s ray f sunshine.
Appraching hme, they encuntered Mrs. Smith, a mst kind and thughtful husewife living in their neighbrhd fr many years. Mrs. Smith ften invited Jennifer and Hill t her hme and shared her hmemade desserts and ckies. The tw families develped a clse relatinship and Hill liked t stay with Mrs. Smith, wh always brightened her days with willingness and timely help. After exchanging greetings, they went back t their wn hmes.
On arriving hme, Jennifer set ut t prepare dinner. As the sun began t set, the huse was full f a pleasant smell f cking fd. Jennifer and Hill sat at the kitchen table when Jennifer suddenly began t seize. She was sitting in a chair, lking up at the ceiling. and experiencing abnrmal breathing. She then fell ut f the chair nt her left side, her hands balled int fists, and her bdy was shaking vilently. Her eyes were pen, and Hill kept calling “Mmmy, Mmmy”, but she culd nt respnd.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Realizing the severe situatin, Hill ran ut fr help.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jennifer finally came t herself in the hspital.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．D 3．C
【导语】
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个制作家具的课程，主要涵盖课程概述、价格、其他须知事项等信息。
1．
细节理解题。根据Curse Overview中“Sessin 5 (Tuesday, 12/5, 7—9:00 PM) Sharing Yur Creatins (第五节（星期二，12月5日，晚上7至9点）分享你的创作)”可知，学生将在第五节课中展示自己的作品。故选D项。
2．
细节理解题。根据What Else t Knw中“If students are unable t attend the live sessins, after each sessin they will receive access t a recrding f the live sessin, which they can watch fr up t tw weeks after the curse cncludes. (如果学生不能参加现场课程，在每次课程结束后，他们将获得现场课程的录像，在课程结束后，他们可以观看长达两周的时间)”可知，如果学生错过了现场课程，他可以在14天内观看录制的课程。故选D项。
3．
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“In this curse, jin Amanda Kelly, wh is nw pursuing her Master’s degree f Fine Arts in Sculpture at Radfrd University, t learn hw t create realistic furniture frm the beginning. (在本课程中，加入现在正在莱德福德大学攻读雕塑艺术硕士学位的Amanda Kelly，学习如何从头开始创造现实的家具)”可推知，文章应该是一篇制作家具的课程的介绍，旨在与读者分享该课程的相关信息：课程概述、价格、其他须知事项。故选C项。
4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。它讲述了Param Jaggi从小对拆解事物的热爱，到后来转变为创造事物，特别是关注环境问题的解决。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“When Param Jaggi was five years ld, he had a passin t take things apart t see what was inside. He started with tys and even brke a cmputer, which made his parents nt t pleased.(当帕拉姆·贾吉五岁的时候，他就热衷于拆卸东西看看里面是什么。他从玩具开始，甚至弄坏了一台电脑，这让他的父母很不高兴)”可知，帕拉姆·贾吉从小热衷于拆卸东西看看里面是什么，所以推知他生性好奇。故选A项。
5．词句猜测题。根据前文“Althugh Jaggi’s parents initially thught his experiments were just. a byhd fancy, he remained determined t make a difference t the envirnment.(尽管贾吉的父母最初认为他的实验只是男孩子的一时兴起，但他仍然坚定地想要为环境做出改变)”以及后文“started supprting his dreams(开始支持他的梦想)”可知，起初，贾吉的父母认为他的实验只是男孩子的一时兴起，后面开始支持他，所以是父母的改变了主意，推知came arund意为“改变主意”，和B项意思相近。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段“Jaggi’s interest cntinued as he grew up, but he fcused mre n slving real prblems, especially thse related t the envirnment.(贾吉的兴趣随着年龄的增长而持续，但他更加专注于解决现实问题，尤其是与环境相关的问题)”以及第三段“At 17, Jaggi went beynd his schl prjects and. c-funded Ecviate, a cmpany that uses technlgy t slve everyday energy and envirnmental prblems. He planned t transfrm peple’s idea that ging green is expensive, by making available a series f affrdable prducts that are easy t use. Thrugh Ecviate, he designed prducts that culd cntribute t a greener future.(17岁时，贾吉超越了学校项目的范畴，与他人共同创立了Ecviate公司，该公司利用技术解决日常的能源和环境问题。他计划通过提供一系列易用且价格实惠的产品来改变人们认为环保成本高昂的观念。通过Ecviate，他设计了一些有助于创造更绿色未来的产品)”可知，贾吉决心为环境做出改变，他认为绿色是昂贵的观念需要改变，因此他计划推出一系列价格实惠、易于使用的产品。这表明他开发这些产品的驱动力是他想要为环境和社会做出改变，即他的渴望有所不同。故选C项。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Yung Jaggi, nw a third-grade cllege student studying engineering and ecnmics, has becme a famus ec-innvatr and his cmpany is develping prmisingly. Hwever, Jaggi’s visin t save the envirnment ges beynd creating prducts. He plans t launch an nline platfrm thrugh Ecviate, which will encurage yung students interested in science and technlgy t get actively invlved in innvatin and inventin. Students can submit a science prject nline, and talk abut the help that they need t make the prject a reality.(年轻的贾吉现在是一名学习工程和经济学的三年级大学生，他已经成为了一位著名的生态创新者，他的公司发展前景看好。然而，贾吉拯救环境的愿景不仅仅局限于创造产品。他计划通过Ecviate推出一个在线平台，鼓励对科学和技术感兴趣的年轻学生积极参与创新和发明。学生可以在线提交科学项目，并谈论他们需要帮助才能使项目成为现实的相关事宜)”可知，贾吉计划通过Ecviate推出一个在线平台，鼓励对科学和技术感兴趣的年轻学生积极参与创新和发明。因此，贾吉计划推出在线平台的目的是为了赋能年轻的发明家，让他们有更多的机会去创新和发明。故选B项。
8．A 9．D 10．D 11．C
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究，该研究揭示了鸽子在某些问题解决上的能力与人工智能相似，并通过实验验证了这一观点。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study reveals that pigens (鸽子) can tackle sme prblems just like artificial intelligence, enabling them t slve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previus research has therized that pigens emply a prblem-slving strategy, invlving a trial-and- errr apprach, which is similar t the apprach used in AI mdels but differs frm humans’ reliance n selective attentin and rule use. T examine it, Brandn Turner, a psychlgy prfessr at the Ohi State University, and his clleagues cnducted the new study.(一项新的研究表明，鸽子可以像人工智能一样解决一些问题，使它们能够解决可能挑战人类的困难任务。先前的研究推测，鸽子采用一种解决问题的策略，包括试错法，这与人工智能模型中使用的方法类似，但不同于人类对选择性注意和规则使用的依赖。为了检验这一点，俄亥俄州立大学的心理学教授布兰登·特纳和他的同事进行了这项新研究)”可知，这项新研究的目的是为了检验一个理论。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the study, the pigens were presented with varius visual images, including lines f different widths and angles, and different types f rings. The pigens had t peck (啄) a buttn n the right r left t indicate the categry t which the image belnged.(在这项研究中，研究人员向鸽子展示了各种视觉图像，包括不同宽度和角度的线条，以及不同类型的环。鸽子必须啄一下图片左边或右边的一个按钮来表示图片所属的类别)”可知，鸽子在实验中需要识别图像。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers’ AI mdel tackled the same tasks using just the tw simple mechanisms that pigens were assumed t use: assciative learning and errr crrectin.(研究人员的人工智能模型只使用了假设鸽子使用的两种简单机制：联想学习和纠错)”以及最后一段“What’s interesting, thugh, is that pigens use this methd f learning that is very similar t AI designed by humans, Turner said. “We celebrate hw smart we are that we designed artificial intelligence: at the same time, we regard pigens as nt clever animals,” he said.(Turner说，有趣的是，鸽子使用的这种学习方法与人类设计的人工智能非常相似。他说：“我们为自己设计出人工智能而感到高兴，但同时，我们认为鸽子并不聪明。”)”可知，根据这项研究，鸽子和人工智能都采用简单的方法来完成任务。故选D项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study reveals that pigens (鸽子) can tackle sme prblems just like artificial intelligence, enabling them t slve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previus research has therized that pigens emply a prblem-slving strategy, invlving a trial-and- errr apprach, which is similar t the apprach used in AI mdels but differs frm humans’ reliance n selective attentin and rule use. T examine it, Brandn Turner, a psychlgy prfessr at the Ohi State University, and his clleagues cnducted the new study.(一项新的研究表明，鸽子可以像人工智能一样解决一些问题，使它们能够解决可能挑战人类的困难任务。先前的研究推测，鸽子采用一种解决问题的策略，包括试错法，这与人工智能模型中使用的方法类似，但不同于人类对选择性注意和规则使用的依赖。为了检验这一点，俄亥俄州立大学的心理学教授布兰登·特纳和他的同事进行了这项新研究)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了研究表明鸽子在某些问题解决上的能力与人工智能相似，因此选项C““Nt smart” pigens may be as smart as AI(“不聪明”的鸽子可能和人工智能一样聪明)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。
12．D 13．A 14．B 15．A
【导语】
本文为一篇议论文。文章主要围绕作者使用有声书作为阅读方式的经历和体验展开，并引入了一项关于信息处理方式的研究，以此为基础探讨了有声书对阅读理解可能产生的影响。
12．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Like many peple ver the past few years, I have fund myself turning t audibks as my main means f reading literature. I find it far mre cmfrtable t “read with my ears” while my eyes are resting.(像许多人一样，在过去的几年里，我发现自己把有声读物作为阅读文学作品的主要手段。我发现在眼睛休息的时候“用耳朵阅读”要舒服得多。)”以及最后一段“But I wn’t stp listening t nvels. I am quite happy t g with the flw f my emtins while my critical mind takes a break.(但我不会停止听小说。当我的批判性思维得到休息时，我很高兴随自己的情绪流动而去。)”可知，作者认为听有声读物会让人放松。故选D。
13．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“System 2 is analytical invlving the use f lgic reasning. It is mentally demanding. When it is engaged, we think ur way thrugh the material step by step.(系统2是分析性的，涉及逻辑推理的使用。这是精神上的要求。当它参与时，我们一步一步地思考材料。)”可知，System 2涉及使用逻辑推理进行信息处理，它要求精神上的努力，通过一步一步地思考材料来得出结论。因此，System 2的结果相对可靠得多。故选A。
14．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As ne example, cnsider the/ fllwing questin: Hw many animals f each kind did Mses take n the Ark（方舟）? If yu answered tw, yu were prbably nly cnsidering the cre f the questin, which is System 1 thinking. T get t the right answer-zer, yu need t think mre carefully abut the wrding, which wuld allw yu t remember it was Nah wh built the Ark, nt Mses. That is the kind f analytical prcess.(举个例子，考虑下面的问题：摩西带了多少种动物上了方舟？如果你回答了两个，你可能只考虑了问题的核心，即系统1思维。为了得到正确的答案——零，你需要更仔细地思考措辞，这将使你记住是诺亚建造了方舟，而不是摩西。这是一种分析过程。)”可知，作者提到方舟是为了举例说明一个观点，即System 1和System 2在处理信息时的不同方式。通过提出“摩西在方舟上带了多少种动物？”的问题，并解释正确答案是如何通过更仔细地考虑措辞得出的，作者展示了System 2涉及的逻辑推理过程。因此，方舟的提及是为了阐明关于信息处理方式的观点。故选B。
15．
推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，作者通过分享自己使用有声书作为阅读方式的经历，以及引入关于信息处理方式的研究，意在表明听书可能会带来理解上的代价。文章提到，尽管听书让作者增加了阅读量，但研究结果显示，听书在处理某些信息时可能不如阅读书面材料准确。特别是对于那些需要逻辑研究的信息，听书可能导致更多的错误。因此，作者认为听书是有代价的，特别是在理解方面。故选A。
16．G 17．C 18．F 19．B 20．A
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了过度训练的风险。
16．根据下文“But the truth is, smetimes the very acts we d t get healthy can actually push us past ur physical limits.(但事实是，有时我们为了健康而做的事情实际上会让我们超越身体的极限)”可知，选项与下文为转折关系，说明人们关于高强度运动队健康的一般看法。故G选项“我们通常认为有规律的高强度运动对我们的健康有益。”切题。故选G项。
17．根据上文“Specifically, vertraining is a set f signs that ccur when yur bdy is nt able t recver sufficiently befre ging int yur next wrkut.(具体来说，过度训练是当你的身体无法在下一次锻炼前充分恢复时出现的一系列迹象)”以及下文“Peple tend t ignre them.(人们往往会忽略它们)”可知，迹象出现的较为缓慢。故C选项“问题是，它们的出现非常缓慢”切题。故选C项。
18．根据上文“If yur wrkut slightly ges beynd yur current ability, it will adapt tward what yu did in a psitive way.(如果你的锻炼稍微超出了你目前的能力，它会以一种积极的方式适应你所做的)”可知，选项承接上文说明锻炼严重超出了你目前的能力，会导致的结果。故B选项“如果锻炼严重超出了你目前的能力，需要更长的时间来适应，并可能导致受伤。”切题。故选B项。
19．根据下文“Yur bdy uses the nutrients yu have given it during the rest time. especially sleep, t strengthen.(你的身体会利用你在休息时间给它的营养，尤其是要加强睡眠)”可知，要给恢复留出时间。故B选项“留出恢复的时间也很重要”切题。故选B项。
20．根据上文“One f the best ways t prevent vertraining is t fcus n yur mrning resting heart rate.(防止过度训练的最好方法之一是关注你的晨间静息心率)”及下文“Generally, yu will detect an increase in yur heart rate befre the ther signs shw up.(一般来说，在其他迹象出现之前，你会发现心率的增加)”可知，心率很容易测量和跟踪。故A选项“它很容易测量和跟踪”切题。故选A项。
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．A 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是13岁女孩Anna Grace两次战胜癌症的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：13岁的女孩安娜·格蕾丝(Anna Grace)是排球经理、篮球经理和剧院志愿者，但她最大的成就也许是两次战胜癌症。A. excitement兴奋；激动；B. achievement成就；C. devtin忠诚；奉献；D. ambitin报负；雄心。根据空后“is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.”可知Anna Grace两次战胜癌症，这的确是一种伟大的成就。故选B项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：安娜于2019年12月首次被诊断出患有一种罕见的癌症。A. pain疼痛；伤痛；B. cld寒冷；C. cancer癌症；D. fever发烧。根据后文“Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery, dctrs scanned her ____5____ t make sure she was cancer-free and then in August f 2023, dctrs ____6____ a spt n her lungs. She had anther ____7____ n September t remve it.”可知安娜患上了癌症。故选 C项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她当时是一名垒球运动员，她告诉父母，她的左臂肌肉无力，只能抬起大约与眼睛齐平的位置。A. weakness虚弱；不足；B. grwth成长；C. recvery恢复；D. relief宽慰；欣慰。根据后文“in her left arm, nly lifting it abut eye-level. She had t ____4____ surgery n her left arm.”可知安娜的左臂只能抬到大约与眼睛齐平的位置，所以可以推断是虚弱无力的。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不对左臂做外科手术。A. perfrm实施；表演；表现；B. have有，接受；C. attend参加；出席；照料；D. refuse拒绝。根据前文“she was experiencing muscle ____3____ in her left arm, nly lifting it abut eye-level.”以及后文“Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery” 可知此处指的是因为安娜的左臂虚弱无力所以必须做手术。have surgery“接受手术”。故选B项。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在手术后的几个周末，医生定期对她进行扫描，以确保她没有癌症，然后在2023年8月，医生注意到她的肺部有一个斑点。A. briefly简短地；B. ccasinally偶尔；偶然；C. partly部分地；D. regularly有规律地；定期地。根据空前“dctrs scanned her____5____ t make sure she was cancer-free”可知此处指的是手术后的定期扫描检查。故选D项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在手术后的几个周末，医生定期对她进行扫描，以确保她没有癌症，然后在2023年8月，医生注意到她的肺部有一个斑点。A. nticed注意到；B. crased打碎；使破裂；C. ignred忽视；忽略；D. marked标志；作记号。根据空后“a spt n her lungs.”可知此处指的是医生定期扫描时发现一了个斑点。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年9月，她又做了一次手术，把它切除了。A. assessment评估；估计；B. appintment 约定；任命；C. examinatin考试；D. peratin手术；实施。根据上文“Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery, dctrs scanned her ____5____ t make sure she was cancer-free and then in August f 2023, dctrs ____6____ a spt n her lungs.”以及空前“She had anther”可知此处指的是安娜进行了第二次手术切除了肺部发现的斑点。故选D项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二次，我比较容易接受这个消息了。A. harder更难的；B. easier更容易的；C. stranger更奇怪的；D. better更好。根据前文“Anna said later the first time with cancer, it felt like a learning stage. The secnd time arund, it was a little”可知在安娜看来这第二次诊断出癌症就像学习第二遍知识一样，接受起来要比第一次容易。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这期间，安娜不得不平衡学校工作和医院的生活。A. slve解决；处理；B. cnnect联系；连接；C. abandn抛弃；遗弃；D. balance平衡。根据空后“schl wrk and hspital life.”可知此处指的是虽然身患癌症安娜依旧坚持平衡学习和医院生活之间的关系。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她患癌症的痛苦迫使她认真学习，因为她已经有一段时间没有上学了。A. apply施加；运用；B. cntrl控制；C. cnvince使相信；说服；D. frgive原谅。根据空后“herself because she was ut f schl fr quite a while. Nw she has ____11____ and has straight As.”可知此处指的是因为身患癌症，安娜的学习落下了很多，所以她只有让自己努力学习。apply neself t …“专心致志于某事”。故选A项。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在她已经赶上来了，成绩都是A。A. caught up跟上；赶上；B. held back阻止；抑制；C. drpped ut辍学；D. blwn up爆炸。根据空后“and has straight As.”可知此处指的是安娜的成绩都是A，所以可以推断经过一番努力安娜终于赶上来了。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：安娜的父亲埃里克·巴特尔说，她的旅程激励他珍惜每一刻，享受和他可爱的女儿在一起的时光。A. spare腾出；匀出；B. appreciate感激；感谢；C. imagine想象；D. create创造。根据空前“Nw she has ____11____ and has straight As. Anna’s father, Eric Bartel, said her jurney has inspired him t ____12____ every mment, enjying time with his lving daughter.”可知此处指的是安娜与癌症作斗争的经历让父亲深受感动，所以父亲非常珍惜与女儿在一起的时光。故选B项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她活跃于戏剧界，是一名教练的助理。 A. active积极的；B. graceful大方的；优雅的；C. dminant占优势的；占支配地位的；D. cautius谨慎的。根据空前“Anna is ding well these days thugh.”以及空后“in theatre ”以及“Always live life t the fullest each day.”可知此处指的是战胜癌症后的安娜在戏剧方面非常积极。故选A项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当你在接受治疗时，你必须继续战斗，”安娜说。A. vacatin假期；B. trust信任；C. treatment治疗；对待；D. duty责任；义务。根据全文内容以及空后“yu have t keep fighting, ”可知此处指的是安娜因为癌症必须接受治疗。故选C项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的生命很重要。A. declines下降；减少；B. suffers遭受；C. matters重要；有关系；D. waits等待。根据前文““When yu’re n ____14____ yu have t keep fighting, ”Anna said. “Always live life t the fullest each day. Yu’re lved. Yur life”可知在安娜看来我们应该每天都活到极致，是因为生命非常重要。故选C项。
36．which 37．has devted 38．relatively 39．but/yet 40．appreciated 41．t 42．published 43．ppularity 44．their 45．serving
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了北京中央音乐学院教授李祥霆对古琴的热爱和所做的推广工作。
36．
考查定语从句。句意：古琴是一种古老的中国乐器，出于对它的热爱，北京中央音乐学院教授李祥霆从第一次接触古琴开始，就花了近70年的时间来掌握和推广它。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是guqin，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
37．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：古琴是一种古老的中国乐器，出于对它的热爱，北京中央音乐学院教授李祥霆从第一次接触古琴开始，就花了近70年的时间来掌握和推广它。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语动词，结合时间状语“since his first encunter with it”可知，时态应用现在完成时，且主语Li Xiangting是单数，助动词应用has。故填has devted。
38．
考查副词。句意：由于古琴相对不为人知，李经常被忽视。分析句子可知，空处修饰形容词unknwn，relative的副词形式relatively符合题意，意为“相对地”。故填relatively。
39．
考查连词。句意：每个人都认为它过时了，但他认为它应该享有一个重要的地位，并决心让每个人都欣赏它。空处前后为完整的句子，上文表示“每个人都认为古琴过时了”，下文表示“他认为古琴应该享有一个重要的地位”，上下文语义构成转折，空处应用意为“但是”的并列连词but或yet连接上下文。故填but或yet。
40．
考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都认为它过时了，但他认为它应该享有一个重要的地位，并决心让每个人都欣赏它。分析句子可知，空处作宾语补足语，appreciate“欣赏”和指代古琴的it逻辑上是被动关系，应用appreciate的过去分词形式，make sth. dne意为“使某事被做”。故填appreciated。
41．
考查介词。句意：为了将它介绍给全球观众，李在尊重乐器丰富传统的同时进行了创新。根据“intrduce it”和“a glbal audience”可推知，此处用固定短语intrduce sth. t sb.，意为“把某物介绍给某人”。故填t。
42．
考查时态。句意：后来，他还制作了教学视频，出版了书籍，并发行了专辑，大大提高了乐器的知名度。分析句子可知，空处和prduced以及released并列，作句子的谓语，时态为一般过去时。故填published。
43．
考查名词。句意：后来，他还制作了教学视频，出版了书籍，并发行了专辑，大大提高了乐器的知名度。分析句子可知，空处作bsting的宾语，被the instrument’s修饰，ppular的名词形式ppularity符合题意，意为“受欢迎”，是不可数名词。故填ppularity。
44．
考查代词。句意：在他们的努力下，联合国教科文组织于2003年将这门艺术列为人类非物质遗产。分析句子可知，空处作修饰effrts的成分，应用形容词性物主代词their，意为“他们的”。故填their。
45．
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，他的女儿李蓬蓬也追随父亲的脚步，担任中国传统文化推广大使。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处的行为和谓语行为同时发生，作伴随状语，serve as“担任”和Li Pengpeng逻辑上是主动关系，应用serve的现在分词形式。故填serving。
46．
Dear Frank,
I’m glad t share with yu the details f ur schl’s “Sunshine Break” activity.
This initiative encurages students t participate in varius sprts and exercises during the break, aiming t enhance ur physical health and prmte a mre active lifestyle.
Persnally, I find it extremely beneficial as it nt nly imprves ur fitness level but als helps us t de-stress and refresh ur minds. The psitive energy it brings t the schl atmsphere is truly uplifting.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生给英国朋友Frank写封回信，向他介绍你校“阳光大课间”活动的开展情况。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
活动：activity→event
参加：participate in→take part in
提高：enhance→imprve
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This initiative encurages students t participate in varius sprts and exercises during the break, aiming t enhance ur physical health and prmte a mre active lifestyle.
拓展句：This initiative encurages students t participate in varius sprts and exercises during the break, which aims t enhance ur physical health and prmte a mre active lifestyle.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Persnally, I find it extremely beneficial as it nt nly imprves ur fitness level but als helps us t de-stress and refresh ur minds.(as引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2]The psitive energy it brings t the schl atmsphere is truly uplifting.(省略关系代词that/which的定语从句修饰先行词energy)
47．Realizing the severe situatin, Hill ran ut fr help. She dashed t Mrs. Smith’s huse, her small heart racing. “Mrs. Smith, cme quick! Mmmy’s nt mving!” she cried, her vice trembling with fear. Mrs. Smith, ever the cmpsed neighbr, fllwed Hill withut delay, immediately recgnizing the urgency f the situatin. Upn entering Jennifer’s hme, Mrs. Smith fund her n the flr, seizing. “Call 911, Hill, and stay n the line,” she instructed, her vice steady as she began first aid. Hill, thugh scared, managed t relay the emergency t the peratr, her mther’s lifeline.
Jennifer finally came t herself in the hspital. The sterile envirnment frmed a stark cntrast t the warmth f her kitchen. As she regained cnsciusness, she saw Hill’s tearful face and Mrs. Smith’s cmfrting presence. The relief was palpable; she knew her quick-thinking daughter and reliable neighbr had saved her life, reinfrcing the bnd f their little family and the cmmunity that supprted them.
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了六岁的昆恩·希尔在母亲詹妮弗突发紧急状况时，迅速采取行动，成为了家庭的英雄。詹妮弗在忙碌了一天家务后，在家中突发癫痫。意识到情况严重的希尔立即向邻居史密斯夫人求助。在史密斯夫人的帮助下，他们及时联系了紧急救援服务，确保詹妮弗得到了及时的医疗救助，从而挽救了她的生命。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“希尔意识到了问题的严重，赶紧跑出去求助。”可知，希尔看到母亲晕倒后就赶紧跑出去求助了，很可能是跑到了邻居家里。邻居听到求助后肯定会及时施救，希尔的妈妈最终会得救。
②根据第二段首句“詹妮弗在医院中苏醒了过来。”可知，希尔的妈妈最终果然得救了，但是晕倒在厨房的詹妮弗在医院醒来，一开始应该是感到疑惑，随后是感动，最后升华到邻里关系的重要。
2. 续写线索：厨房中晕倒——希尔赶紧向邻居求救——邻居紧急施救——詹妮弗在医院醒来——感到无比感动——升华。
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
疾跑：dash/sprint/hurdle
指示：instruct/direct/cmmand
转达：relay/cnvey/transmit
恢复：regain/recver/retrieve
情绪类
发抖：trembling/shaking/quivering
镇定：cmpsed/calmed/pised
害怕：fear/afraid/scared
宽慰：relief/slace/alleviatin
【点睛】【高分句型1】She dashed t Mrs. Smith’s huse, her small heart racing.（独立主格结构）
【高分句型2】As she regained cnsciusness, she saw Hill’s tearful face and Mrs. Smith’s cmfrting presence.（as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型3】The relief was palpable; she knew her quick-thinking daughter and reliable neighbr had saved her life, reinfrcing the bnd f their little family and the cmmunity that supprted them.（现在分词作结果状语）
相关试卷
2024届山东省济南市高三下学期一模考试英语试题： 这是一份2024届山东省济南市高三下学期一模考试英语试题，文件包含山东省济南市2024年3月高三模拟考试英语pdf、山东省济南市2024年3月高三模拟考试英语答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共11页， 欢迎下载使用。
2024届山东省济南市高三下学期一模英语试题： 这是一份2024届山东省济南市高三下学期一模英语试题，共10页。
2023届山东省济南市高三三模英语试题（含解析）： 这是一份2023届山东省济南市高三三模英语试题（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，告知信/通知，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
