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    (20-22)三年中考真题英语分项汇编专题27+说明建议类(10空)(含解析)

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    这是一份(20-22)三年中考真题英语分项汇编专题27+说明建议类(10空)(含解析),共51页。

    说明建议类(10小题)
    【2022年】
    (一)(2022·安徽·中考真题)
    Yur brain desn’t have t d anything extra (额外的) t tell the truth. Yu think f what yu want t say, and yu say it. Lying ____21____ much mre wrk.
    Here’s an ____22____ f what ges int a simple lie. Imagine yu’re late fr class and the teacher asks ____23____ and yu decide t lie. Yu nw have t either came up with a stry r remember the stry yu ____24____ as yu were rushing t class. S yu say, “I had t stp by the ____25____ and brrwed a bk.” Yur teacher asks, “The bk I recmmended (推荐) last perid?”
    Yu must decide hw t answer ____26____. If yu say yes, the teacher might ask yu t shw her the bk. Or she might ____27____ yu t read frm it in class. If yu say it is a ____28____ bk, she might ask which bk yu’ve checked ut. S yu have t be ready with the ____29____ f anther bk and make sure it’s a bk the schl library wns.
    Yu give yur ____30____ a tn f extra wrk! Why nt just tell the truth? It’s much easier.
    21.A.refusesB.avidsC.takesD.fixes
    22.A.exampleB.abilityC.interviewD.agreement
    23.A.whenB.whC.whyD.which
    24.A.listened tB.made upC.wrte dwnD.left behind
    25.A.streB.gateC.statinD.library
    26.A.recentlyB.secretlyC.angrilyD.quickly
    27.A.expectB.helpC.hateD.pay
    28.A.bringB.persnalC.cheapD.different
    29.A.cverB.nameC.priceD.size
    30.A.bkB.examC.brainD.class
    【答案】21.C
    22.A
    23.C
    24.B
    25.D
    26.D
    27.A
    28.D
    29.B
    30.C
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文告诉我们说谎需要大脑做更多的工作,所以与其撒谎,不如说实话。
    21.
    句意:说谎需要更多的工作。
    refuses拒绝;avids避免;takes拿,花费;fixes修理。根据“ mre wrk.”可知,撒谎需要花费更多的时间,故选C。
    22.
    句意:下面是一个简单谎言的例子。
    example例子;ability能力;interview采访;agreement同意。根据文章内容可知,此处举例说明作者的观点,故选A。
    23.
    句意:假设你上课迟到了,老师问你为什么,你决定撒谎。
    when何时;wh谁;why为什么;which哪一个。根据“Imagine yu’re late fr class and the teacher yu decide t lie.”可知,你迟到了,老师会问原因,故选C。
    24.
    句意:你现在要么想出一个故事,要么记住你在赶去上课时编的故事。
    listened t听;made up组成,编造;wrte dwn写下;left behind留下。根据“Yu nw have t either came up with a stry r remember the stry yu were rushing t class.”可知,是编造故事说自己为什么迟到,故选B。
    25.
    句意:我去图书馆借了一本书。
    stre商店;gate大门;statin车站;library图书馆。根据“brrwed a bk”和“make sure it’s a bk the schl library wns”可知,是在图书馆借书,故选D。
    26.
    句意:你必须决定如何快速回答。
    recently最近;secretly秘密地;angrily生气地;quickly迅速地。根据“Yu must decide hw t answer...”可知,必须要快速回答问题,故选D。
    27.
    句意:或者她可能希望你在课堂上朗读。
    expect期待;help帮助;hate讨厌;pay付钱。根据“Or she t read frm it in class.”可知,老师希望你在课堂上读这本书,expect sb t d sth“希望/期待某人做某事”,故选A。
    28.
    句意:所以你必须准备好另一本书的名字,确保它是学校图书馆拥有的书。
    bring无聊的;persnal个人的;cheap便宜的;different不同的。根据“If yu say it is ”可知,这本书不是老师推荐的那本,即不同的书,故选D。
    29.
    句意:所以你必须准备好另一本书的名字,确保它是学校图书馆拥有的书。
    cver封面;name名字;price价格;size尺寸。根据“S yu have t be ready with anther bk and make sure it’s a bk the schl library wns.”可知,要想出另一本书的名字,故选B。
    30.
    句意:你给了你的大脑大量额外的工作!
    bk书;exam考试;brain大脑;class班级。此处呼应文章首句“Yur brain desn’t have t d anything extra (额外的) t tell the truth.”,撒谎给了你的大脑大量额外的工作,故选C。
    (二)(2022·湖南岳阳·中考真题)
    FIFA Wrld Cup is ne f the biggest sprts events in the wrld. It ___11___ every 4 years. The first Wrld Cup was in 1930. It has a histry f ver 90 years. During the Wrld Cup, ___12___ fans watch the games and cheer fr their favrite teams r players. We have knwn sme famus ftball players frm the ftball cmpetitins, such as Beckham, Messi, and Fig. They have excited ftball fans fr many years. The Wrld Cup ___13___ the best chances fr ftball players arund the wrld. The winners can get nt nly ___14___ but als respect(尊重).
    The 2022 Wrld Cup will start n Nvember 21st and ___15___ n December 18th. The cmpetitin is ging t last(持续)___16___ days. T avid the high ___17___ in Qatar(卡塔尔), the games will cme in winter ___18___ summer. Gianni Infantin, FIFA’s president(国际足联主席)said, “This is a gd decisin, the ___19___ temperature in Qatar is up t 45℃. It’s t ht fr players t cmpete.” The true spirit f the 2022 Wrld Cup is “Where there is life, there is struggle(奋斗).” It’s sure that every ftball player will try ____20____ best t achieve their gals.
    If yu have time, if yu lve sccer, why nt cme t Qatar t enjy the exciting ftball event?
    11.A.takes ffB.takes a walkC.takes place
    12.A.fewB.littleC.quite a few
    13.A.has agreedB.has refusedC.has prvided
    14.A.silenceB.hnrC.mistakes
    15.A.endB.beginC.crss
    16.A.8B.18C.28
    17.A.priceB.heatC.speed
    18.A.instead fB.in ttalC.in frnt f
    19.A.deepestB.highestC.widest
    20.A.theirB.theirsC.them
    【答案】11.C
    12.C
    13.C
    14.B
    15.A
    16.C
    17.B
    18.A
    19.B
    20.A
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文讲述世界杯是全世界足球运动员获得荣誉和尊重的最好机会,讲述2022年卡塔尔在冬季举办世界杯的原因。
    11.
    句意:它每四年举行一次。
    takes ff脱掉,起飞;takes a walk散步;takes place发生,举行。“it”指的是“FIFA Wrld Cup”。根据“every 4 years”可知句子表达的是世界杯举办的时间,用动词短语“takes place”。故选C。
    12.
    句意:世界杯期间,相当多的粉丝看比赛,为他们最爱的队或队员欢呼。
    few几乎没,接可数名词;little几乎没,接不可数名词;quite a few相当多。“fans”是可数名词的复数形式。根据“watch the games and cheer fr their favrite teams r players”及“They have excited ftball fans fr many years”可知,句子表达粉丝有很多,用短语“quite a few”。故选C。
    13.
    句意:世界杯为全世界的足球运动员提供最好的机会。
    has agreed同意;has refused拒绝;has prvided提供。根据“the best chances fr ftball players”,可知句子用“prvide sth. fr sb.”,表达“为某位提供某物”。故选C。
    14.
    句意:获胜者不仅获得荣誉还获得尊重。
    silence安静;hnr荣誉;mistakes错误。根据“The winners”及“but als respect”可知,句子表达不但有荣誉还有尊重,用名词“hnr”。故选B。
    15.
    句意:2022年世界杯将在11月21日开始,12月18日结束。
    end结束;begin开始;crss穿过。根据“start n Nvember 21st and”可知,句子表达结束的时间,用动词“end”。故选A。
    16.
    句意:比赛将持续28天。
    8八;18十八;28二十八。根据“start n Nvember 21st and”及“n December 18th”可知,从11月21日到12月18日,共28天。故选C。
    17.
    句意:为了避免卡塔尔的高温,比赛将在冬天而不是夏天举行。
    price价格;heat热量;speed速度。根据“the games will cme in winter”可知,句子表达避免高温,用名词“heat”。故选B。
    18.
    句意:为了避免卡塔尔的高温,比赛将在冬天而不是夏天举行。
    instead f而不是;in ttal总共;in frnt f在某物前面。根据“T avid”,“the games will cme in winter”及“summer”,可知句子否定后面,表达“而不是夏天”,用“instead f”。故选A。
    19.
    句意:这是一个很好地决定,因为卡塔尔的温度高达45摄氏度。
    deepest最深;highest最高;widest最宽。根据“temperature in Qatar is up t 45℃”可知,句子表达最高温,用形容词最高级“highest”。故选B。
    20.
    句意:每个足球运动员会尽他们最大努力来实现他们的目标,这一点是很确定的。
    their他们的;theirs他们的东西;them他们。句子用短语“try ne’s best t d”表达“尽某人最大的努力”。表达“他们的”用“their”。故选A。
    (三)(2022·四川自贡·中考真题)
    Sagarika Sriram is a high schl student living in Dubai and funder(建立者)f Kids fr a Better Wrld—a digital platfrm(数字化平台). It ____16____ nearly 10,000 teens tgether frm all ver the wrld. Its gal is t fight climate(气候)change.
    When Sagarika was 10 years ld, she felt ____17____ abut the future f Earth. Sagarika knew she needed t d smething. S she ____18____ a grup that rganized cleanup activities in Dubai. “The ____19____ helped me understand what ne persn culd d and hw I culd ____20____ make a difference,” she said. In 2016, Sagarika ____21____ Kids fr a Better Wrld. She believes even ____22____ actins can make a big difference.
    Kids fr a Better Wrld is fr peple aged 8 t 16. It teaches kids abut what they can d at hme and in their cmmunity t fight climate change. They can ____23____ fd r plant trees. They can cllect recycables r stp using plastic bags. Sagarika wants schls t teach these lessns. “These can help change ur future,” she says.
    Sagarika has big ____24____. She’d like t study at Stanfrd University. And while she’s there, she wn’t stp ____25____ Kids fr a Better Wrld. Sagarika hpes t encurage mre and mre peple t fight fr a greener planet.
    16.A.rdersB.servesC.brings
    17.A.surprisedB.srryC.uneasy
    18.A.knewB.jinedC.met
    19.A.experienceB.hbbyC.feeling
    20.A.reallyB.clearlyC.quickly
    21.A.leftB.createdC.nticed
    22.A.smallB.specialC.new
    23.A.brrwB.buyC.grw
    24.A.changesB.dealsC.plans
    25.A.shwingB.runningC.helping
    【答案】16.C
    17.C
    18.B
    19.A
    20.A
    21.B
    22.A
    23.C
    24.C
    25.B
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文主要讲述了Sagarika Sriram建立了一个组织Kids fr a Better Wrld,旨在应对气候变化。
    16.
    句意:它汇集了来自世界各地的近 10,000 名青少年。
    rders命令;serves服务;brings带来。根据“nearly 10,000 teens tgether frm all ver the wrld”可知这个平台汇集了世界各地的青少年,“团结起来”。故选C。
    17.
    句意:Sagarika10岁时,对地球的未来感到不安。
    surprised惊讶的;srry抱歉的;uneasy不安的。根据“Sagarika knew she needed t d smething”可知她认为需要做一些事情,因为她对地球的未来感到不安。故选C。
    18.
    句意:所以她加入了一个在迪拜组织清洁活动的组织。
    knew知道;jined加入;met遇到。根据“a grup that rganized cleanup activities”可知是加入了这个组织。故选B。
    19.
    句意:这段经历帮助我了解了一个人可以做什么,以及我如何才能真正有所作为。
    experience经历;hbby爱好;feeling感觉。根据“helped me understand what ne persn culd d”可知是在那个组织中的经历。故选A。
    20.
    句意:这段经历帮助我了解了一个人可以做什么,以及我如何才能真正有所作为。
    really真地;clearly清晰地;quickly快速地。根据“and hw I a difference”可知是做一些事情真正地对地球有影响。故选A。
    21.
    句意:2016 年,Sagarika创立了Kids fr a Better Wrld。
    left离开;created创造;nticed注意到。根据“funder(建立者)f Kids fr a Better Wrld”可知是创建了这个平台。故选B。
    22.
    句意:她相信即使是很小的行动也会产生很大的影响。
    small小的;special特别的;new新的。根据“They r plant trees”可知这些都是小事情。故选A。
    23.
    句意:他们可以种植食物或种植树木。
    brrw借入;buy买;grw成长。根据“fd r plant trees”可知为了应对天气变化,可以自己种植食物。故选C。
    24.
    句意:Sagarika 有很大的计划。
    changes变化;deals协议;plans计划。根据“She’d like t study at Stanfrd University”可知这是她的计划。故选C。
    25.
    句意:她也不会停止经营Kids fr a Better Wrld。
    shwing展示;running经营;helping帮助。根据“Kids fr a Better Wrld”可知她上了大学之后会继续经营这个平台。故选B。
    (四)(2022·四川达州·中考真题)
    We feel angry r guilty (内疚的) abut the things we did r did nt achieve, abut the things we cannt have, and many ther things. It seems that everyne carries their wn bad emtins (情绪). But neither guilt ___21___ anger can help us. Over time, they can be heavy weights n ur ___22___.
    These bad emtins dn’t d anything gd fr us ___23___. S yu might ask yurself-is it pssible t put dwn this heavy burden (负担) and give yurself a ___24___? It is quite pssible. Start by actually lking at yur feelings. Hw d they get inside f us? Why d we carry them fr s lng instead f putting them dwn? Can we live ___25___ them?
    By thinking abut ur bad emtins, we can find healthy ways t ___26___ them. Unhealthy behavirs are nt the way t d this. They prvide n relief. Instead, there are better ways t handle them. One f the best ways is frgiveness (原谅).
    Frgiveness is a pwerful tl. We shuld frgive ___27___ first. We shuldn’t keep bad emtins inside. We must als frgive thers wh have made us guilty r angry. This is nt always easy. But ___28___ we learn t frgive urselves, it becmes easier t frgive thers as well.
    There is nthing gd abut carrying years f emtinal burdens. By frgiving urselves and thers, we can put dwn ur burdens and feel better abut urselves. ___29___ yu d this, yu will start t feel a lt lighter. Years f heaviness will be magically lifted! Yu’ll start t feel like yu have mre ___30___ and yu’ll be much happier with yur life.
    21.A.rB.nrC.bthD.and
    22.A.shuldersB.handsC.legsD.arms
    23.A.in allB.abve allC.at allD.all in all
    24.A.secretB.resultC.painD.break
    25.A.withutB.inC.frD.with
    26.A.lk afterB.wrry abutC.deal withD.bring up
    27.A.yurselfB.urselvesC.themselvesD.myself
    28.A.unlessB.althughC.whereD.when
    29.A.As sn asB.As well asC.As ften asD.As far as
    30.A.prideB.difficultyC.energyD.knwledge
    【答案】21.B
    22.A
    23.C
    24.D
    25.A
    26.C
    27.B
    28.D
    29.A
    30.C
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文主要讲述了我们要摆脱坏情绪,放下负担,通过原谅自己和他人能让我们活得更开心。
    21.
    句意:但内疚和愤怒都帮不了我们。
    r或者;nr也不;bth两者都;and和。根据“But neither can help us.”可知,此处是结构,意为“既不……也不……”,故选B。
    22.
    句意:随着时间的推移,它们会成为我们肩上的重担。
    shulders肩膀;hands手;legs腿;arms胳膊。根据“Over time, they can be heavy weights n ur...”可知,是肩上的重担,故选A。
    23.
    句意:这些坏情绪对我们没有任何好处。
    in all总共;abve all最重要的是;at all根本;all in all总而言之。根据“These bad emtins dn’t d anything gd fr us...”可知,此处是 all短语,意为“根本不”,故选C。
    24.
    句意:所以你可能会问自己,有没有可能放下这个沉重的负担,让自己休息一下?
    secret秘密;result结果;pain痛苦;break休息。根据“S yu might ask yurself-is it pssible t put dwn this heavy burden (负担) and give yurself ”可知,是放下负担,休息一下,故选D。
    25.
    句意:没有他们我们能活下去吗?
    withut没有;in在……中;fr为了;with和。根据“Why d we carry them fr s lng instead f putting them dwn? Can we ”可知,我们经常背负负担,所以问没有这些负担是否能活下去,故选A。
    26.
    句意:通过思考我们的坏情绪,我们可以找到健康的方法来处理它们。
    lk after照顾;wrry abut担心;deal with处理;bring up养大。根据“By thinking abut ur bad emtins, we can find healthy ways ”可知,是处理这些坏情绪,故选C。
    27.
    句意:我们应该先原谅自己。
    yurself你自己;urselves我们自己;themselves他们自己;myself我自己。根据“We shuld ”可知,主语是we,表示原谅我们自己,故选B。
    28.
    句意:但当我们学会原谅自己时,也就更容易原谅别人了。
    unless除非;althugh虽然;where哪里;when何时。根据“ learn t frgive urselves, it becmes easier t frgive thers as well.”可知,当我们学会原谅自己时,原谅别人就更容易,用when引导时间状语从句,故选D。
    29.
    句意:一旦你这样做了,你会开始感到轻松很多。
    As sn as一……就;As well as和……一样;As ften as尽可能经常;As far as就……而言。根据“ d this, yu will start t feel a lt lighter.”可知,一旦这样做,就会感到轻松,用As sn as引导时间状语从句,故选A。
    30.
    句意:你会开始觉得你有更多的精力,你会对你的生活感到更快乐。
    pride骄傲;difficulty困难;energy精力;knwledge知识。没有负担和压力,人就会更有精力,故选C。
    (五)(2022·河北·中考真题)
    Kevin is a special swimmer. He tk risks t ___11___ in very cld places because he wanted peple t pay attentin t envirnmental prblems.
    As a by, Kevin visited natinal parks and he learned the Earth is in ___12___ cnditin. He felt wrried, and he wanted t ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went t swim in water near Nrth Ple(北极)t draw peple’s attentin t the melting glaciers(融化的冰川). Kevin said that the swim was s painful that it wuld be his ___14___ time swimming in cld water. In 2016, he heard abut a lake in the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山脉). It was frmed by melting glaciers. He ___15___ t swim in cld water again. It was difficult t swim in the lake. The air was s ___16___ that it was hard t breathe. He tld peple abut his experiences n TV. He wanted peple t knw that glaciers in the Himalayas are disappearing ___17___ glbal(全球的)warming and that there’s less water fr peple in nearby ___18___ like China, India, and Pakistan.
    Frm Kevin’s stry, we learn tw ___19___ . We learn that peple can d a lt f harm t the Earth withut realizing it. Als, we learn that if we ___20___ the way we think, we can d smething t prtect ur envirnment. With the new way f thinking in ur minds, we can enjy a bright future.
    11.A.flyB.swimC.runD.skate
    12.A.rightB.safeC.prD.natural
    13.A.prtectB.leaveC.findD.share
    14.A.lastB.greatC.freeD.lng
    15.A.hatedB.agreedC.learnedD.decided
    16.A.freshB.thinC.clearD.cl
    17.A.because fB.ppsite tC.accrding tD.instead f
    18.A.citiesB.cuntriesC.twnsD.villages
    19.A.chicesB.reprtsC.reasnsD.lessns
    20.A.askB.shwC.changeD.recrd
    【答案】11.B
    12.C
    13.A
    14.A
    15.D
    16.B
    17.A
    18.B
    19.D
    20.C
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文介绍凯文是一位特别的游泳者,他希望人们关注环境问题。
    11.
    句意:他冒险在非常寒冷的地方游泳,因为他希望人们关注环境问题。
    fly飞;swim游泳;run跑步;skate滑冰。根据“Kevin is a special swimmer.”可知,是游泳,故选B。
    12.
    句意:作为一个男孩,凯文参观了国家公园,他了解到地球的状况很差。
    right正确的;safe安全的;pr贫穷的,差的;natural自然的。根据“He felt wrried”可知,地球状况不好,故选C。
    13.
    句意:他很担心,他想保护地球。
    prtect保护;leave离开;find发现;share分享。根据“He felt wrried, and he wanted Earth.”可知,他为地球担心,所以想保护地球,故选A。
    14.
    句意:凯文说这次游泳非常痛苦,这将是他最后一次在冷水中游泳。
    last最后的;great很棒的;free自由的,免费的;lng长的。根据“Kevin said that the swim was s painful”可知,很痛苦,不想再继续了,所以是最后一次,故选A。
    15.
    句意:他决定再次在冷水中游泳。
    hated讨厌;agreed同意;learned学习;decided决定。根据“In 2016, he heard abut a lake in the Himalayas. It was frmed by melting glaciers. swim in cld water again.”可知,由于喜马拉雅山脉的情况,他决定再次游泳,故选D。
    16.
    句意:空气稀薄得让人难以呼吸。
    fresh新鲜的;thin稀薄的;clear清晰的;cl酷的。根据“it was hard t breathe”可知,空气很稀薄,故选B。
    17.
    句意:他想让人们知道,由于全球变暖,喜马拉雅山脉的冰川正在消失,而中国、印度和巴基斯坦等邻近国家的居民用水减少。
    because f因为;ppsite t相反;accrding t根据;instead f而不是。“glbal warming”是“glaciers in the Himalayas are disappearing”的原因,故选A。
    18.
    句意:他想让人们知道,由于全球变暖,喜马拉雅山脉的冰川正在消失,而中国、印度和巴基斯坦等邻近国家的居民用水减少。
    cities城市;cuntries国家;twns小镇;villages乡村。根据“like China, India, and Pakistan”可知,是几个国家,故选B。
    19.
    句意:从凯文的故事中,我们学到了两个教训。
    chices选择;reprts报告;reasns原因;lessns课。根据“Frm Kevin’s stry, we learn tw...”和后文内容可知,学到了两个教训,故选D。
    20.
    句意:此外,我们知道,如果我们改变我们的思维方式,我们可以做一些事情来保护我们的环境。
    ask请求;shw展示;change改变;recrd记录。根据“Als, we learn that if way we think, we can d smething t prtect ur envirnment.”可知,改变自己的思维来保护环境,故选C。
    (六)(2022·湖南怀化·中考真题)
    I ften hear sme students say English is difficult, s they can’t learn it well. ___11___ English is very easy fr me. I’m gd ___12___ it. I’m very glad t tell yu ___13___ abut hw I study English.
    ___14___, I think an interest in English is very imprtant. When I was in Grade Three, we had a new ___15___ — English, it was new fr me. I was interested in it. I wrked hard at it. Sn we had an English exam and I gt a very gd mark. Hw ___16___ I was! After that, I learned English harder. Our English teacher ften teaches us English sngs, and ___17___ sund nice. I ften think hw interesting English is!
    Secnd, I think English is a freign language. I learn it well in the fllwing ways: ___18___ t the teacher carefully, read alud and have a gd vcabulary. Then practice again and again, never be tired. When I have a ___19___, I ften understand it by _____20_____ ur English teacher.
    11.A.AndB.OrC.But
    12.A.inB.frC.at
    13.A.smethingB.anythingC.nthing
    14.A.FirstB.SecndC.Third
    15.A.classB.subjectC.lessn
    16.A.sadB.srryC.happy
    17.A.theyB.itC.them
    18.A.hearB.listenC.tell
    19.A.ideaB.suggestinC.questin
    20.A.askingB.answeringC.replying
    【答案】11.C
    12.C
    13.A
    14.A
    15.B
    16.C
    17.A
    18.B
    19.C
    20.A
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文主要通过作者自己学习英语的经历介绍学好英语的方法。
    11.
    句意:但是对我而言英语却是很容易的。
    And和;Or或者;But但是。根据上文“I ften hear sme students say English is difficult...”和下文“ is very easy fr me.”之间的逻辑关系可知,此处表示转折,应用but连接。故选C。
    12.
    句意:我擅长它。
    in在……里;fr为,为了;at在(某处)。根据句子结构可知,此处考查形容词短语be gd at“擅长”。故选C。
    13.
    句意:我很乐意告诉你我是如何学好英语的。
    smething某事,某物;anything任何事物;nthing没有什么。smething常用于肯定句,anything常用于疑问句和否定句。根据句子结构及“I’m very glad t tell yu...”可知,此处表示肯定意义,应用smething,指“某些东西”而不是“任何东西”。故选A。
    14.
    句意:首先,我认为对英语感兴趣很重要。
    First首先,第一;Secnd第二;Third第三。根据句子结构可知,此处指first“首先”,表示叙述的顺序。故选A。
    15.
    句意:我读三年级的时候,我们有一个新的科目——英语。
    class班级;subject科目;lessn课程。根据破折号后的“English”可知,此处指科目。故选B。
    16.
    句意:我感到多么的高兴啊!
    sad难过;srry对不起;happy高兴的。根据“Sn we had an English exam and I gt a very gd mark.”可知,此处指“我”因获得好成绩而感到高兴。故选C。
    17.
    句意:我们的英语老师经常教我们英文歌曲,而且他们听起来很动听。
    they他们,她们,它们;it它;them他们,她们,它们。根据句子结构可知,此处缺少主语,应用人称代词主格they,指代上文中的“English sngs”。故选A。
    18.
    句意:认真听老师……
    hear听到;listen听;tell告诉。根据“t”和“the teacher”可知,此处考查动词短语listen t,t后接名词或代词作宾语。故选B。
    19.
    句意:当我遇到问题,我经常通过询问我们英语老师的办法来理解它。
    idea主意;suggestin建议;questin问题。根据动词“understand”可知,此处指问题。故选C。
    20.
    句意:当我遇到问题,我经常通过询问我们英语老师的办法来理解它。
    asking问;answering问答;replying回复。根据句子结构可知,此处表示asking“询问”,后接“ur English teacher”作宾语。故选A。
    (七)(2022·江苏苏州·中考真题)
    Like mst children grwing up in the cuntryside, Mike lved being utdrs and traveled arund every inch f the area.
    With a deep lve f the land, he had a strng wish t __1__ it. When Mike saw rubbish flating in the rivers, he gt __2__ . He knew he had t d smething. While nly in third grade, Mike started a grup. Its purpse was t __3__ the cuntryside and teach ther yung peple abut pllutin and its dangers.
    But Mike faced a challenge. As he was __4__, he fund it hard t speak ut in public. Hwever, with his mm’s help, Mike __5__ dealt with his fear. He said, “I tk respnsibility(责任)and did what needed t be dne. When yur heart is int it, __6__ will stp yu.”
    Mike wrked hard t __7__ his idea t the public. He handed ut leaflets and even appeared n radi and TV. His effrts paid ff. He wn __8__ frm several thusand peple. And his grup cllected and recycled mre than 22,000 punds f rubbish.
    Nw as a cllege student, Mike’s __9__ remains the same. He ften says, “I want t create a ___10___ life fr my kids and grandkids. It’s beautiful cuntryside, where I’m frm, and I want my kids t see it like I see it.”
    1.A.practiseB.prtectC.prepareD.prvide
    2.A.weakB.tiredC.relaxedD.angry
    3.A.clean upB.break intC.set upD.mve int
    4.A.shyB.sadC.prudD.plite
    5.A.clearlyB.carefullyC.successfullyD.traditinally
    6.A.anythingB.nthingC.smethingD.everything
    7.A.acceptB.changeC.fllwD.intrduce
    8.A.curageB.victryC.supprtD.reward
    9.A.wishB.chanceC.luckD.fear
    10.A.busierB.harderC.betterD.crazier
    【答案】1.B
    2.D
    3.A
    4.A
    5.C
    6.B
    7.D
    8.C
    9.A
    10.C
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文主要介绍了Mike保护环境的义举。
    1.
    句意:他深爱着这片土地,也有保护它的强烈愿望。
    practise练习;prtect保护;prepare准备;prvide提供。根据“Its purpse was t…the cuntryside and teach ther yung peple abut pllutin and its dangers”可知,产生了保护这片土地的愿望,故选B。
    2.
    句意:当迈克看到河里漂着垃圾时,他很生气。
    weak虚弱的;tired疲惫的;relaxed放松的;angry生气的。根据“When Mike saw rubbish flating in the rivers”及“He knew he had t d smething”可知,看到河里飘着垃圾感到很生气,所以决定要做些什么事情,故选D。
    3.
    句意:它的目的是清理农村,并教育其他年轻人污染及其危险。
    clean up清理;break int闯入;set up设立;mve int搬进。根据下文“And his grup cllected and recycled mre than 22,000 punds f rubbish”可知,目的是清理农村,让它变得干净,故选A。
    4.
    句意:由于他很害羞,他发现很难在公众面前发言。
    shy害羞的;sad难过的;prud骄傲的;plite礼貌的。根据“he fund it hard t speak ut in public”可知,很害羞,不敢在公众面前发言,故选A。
    5.
    句意:然而,在妈妈的帮助下,迈克成功地解决了他的恐惧。
    clearly清楚地;carefully仔细地;successfully成功地;traditinally传统地。根据“with his mm’s help, Mike … dealt with his fear”可知,在妈妈的帮助下,他成功地克服了恐惧,故选C。
    6.
    句意:当你全身心投入的时候,没有什么能阻止你。
    anything任何事;nthing没什么;smething某事;everything一切。根据“When yur heart is int it, … will stp yu”可知,这是一句激励的话语,全身心投入时,没什么能阻挡你,故选B。
    7.
    句意:迈克努力向公众介绍他的想法。
    accept接受;change改变;fllw跟随;intrduce介绍。根据“his idea t the public”可知,把他保护环境的想法传播给大众,故选D。
    8.
    句意:他赢得了几千人的支持。
    curage勇气;victry胜利;supprt支持;reward奖励。根据“He wn… frm several thusand peple”可知,赢得了人们的支持,故选C。
    9.
    句意:现在,作为一名大学生,迈克的愿望并没有改变。
    wish愿望;chance机会;luck幸运;fear害怕。根据前文“With a deep lve f the land, he had a strng wish t… it”可知,保护环境的愿望从来没有改变,故选A。
    10.
    句意:我想为我的孩子和子孙创造更好的生活。
    busier更忙的;harder更难的;better更好的;crazier更疯狂的。根据“I want t create a… life fr my kids and grandkids”可知,为子孙后代创造更好的生活,故选C。
    (八)(2022·陕西·中考真题)
    Dear Museum Scientists,
    My name is Yang Jingjing. ________ live by the sea, near a mangrve swamp (红树林沼泽地).
    My mm is ________ tur guide. She knws a lt abut the mangrve swamp. She lves ________ peple the beautiful animals that live there. I am writing t yu ________ I’m wrried abut what is happening near my hme. The mangrves are hme t many ________ such as birds, butterflies, snakes and s n. Dwn in the water under the trees are hmes f fish and shrimp. The mangrves als prtect us ________ wind, waves and flds (浪潮与水灾).
    Hwever, in the past few years, things ________ greatly. These changes bring lts f wrries t mre and mre peple. New neighbrhds (社区) ________ last year and the year befre. It turned the place with mangrves int stres, huses, cinemas, restaurants and car parks. What is even ________, all these things are still ging n! What will happen t the animals that live in the mangrves? I dn’t knw ________. Hw I wish we can find a way t live tgether with the mangrves and animals!
    Sincerely yurs,
    Yang Jingjing
    11.A.MyB.MineC.ID.Me
    12.A.aB.anC.theD./
    13.A.shwB.t shwC.giveD.t give
    14.A.althughB.befreC.becauseD.unless
    15.A.plantB.plantsC.animalD.animals
    16.A.frmB.withC.abutD.fr
    17.A.has changedB.have changedC.is changingD.are changing
    18.A.buildB.are builtC.builtD.were built
    19.A.badB.wrseC.gdD.better
    20.A.what we can dB.what can we dC.hw we can dD.hw can we d
    【答案】11.C
    12.A
    13.B
    14.C
    15.D
    16.A
    17.B
    18.D
    19.B
    20.A
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文主要讲述了作者家附近有红树林沼泽地,但是最近几年,建造了很多的建筑物,导致红树林沼泽地在逐渐减少,作者希望能找到一个方法和红树林和动物和谐相处。
    11.
    句意:我住在海边,靠近红树林沼泽。
    My我的,形容词性物主代词;Mine我的,名词性物主代词;I我,代词主格;Me我,代词宾格。此处表示“我”,作主语,用代词主格。故选C。
    12.
    句意:我妈妈是一名导游。
    a一个,不定冠词,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,不定冠词,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词。此处泛指一个导游,tur以辅音音素开头,用a。故选A。
    13.
    句意:她喜欢向人们展示生活在那里的美丽动物。
    shw展示,动词原形;t shw动词不定式;give给,动词原形;t give动词不定式。lve t d sth.“喜欢做某事”,根据“peple the beautiful animals”可知是向人们展示。故选B。
    14.
    句意:我给你写信是因为我担心我家附近发生的事情。
    althugh虽然;befre在……之前;because因为;unless除非。根据“I am writing t ’m wrried abut what is happening near my hme”可知前后是因果关系,前果后因,用because引导。故选C。
    15.
    句意:红树林是许多动物的家园。
    plant植物,名词原形;plants植物,名词复数;animal动物,名词单数;animals名词复数。根据“such as birds, butterflies, snakes and s n”可知这些都是动物,many后加名词复数。故选D。
    16.
    句意:红树林还保护我们免受风、浪和洪水的侵袭。
    frm来自;with和;abut关于;fr为了。“保护……免受”。故选A。
    17.
    句意:然而,在过去的几年里,情况发生了很大的变化。
    has changed已经改变,现在完成时,主语是第三人称单数;have changed现在完成时,主语是名词复数;is changing现在进行时,主语是第三人称单数;are changing现在进行时,主语是名词复数。根据“in the past few years”可知句子使用现在完成时,主语是复数,助动词用have。故选B。
    18.
    句意:去年和前一年建造了新的社区。
    build建造,动词原形;are built一般现在时的被动;built动词过去式或过去分词;were built一般过去时的被动。主语“New neighbrhds”和谓语之间是被动关系,根据“last year”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
    19.
    句意:更糟糕的是,这一切还在继续!
    bad坏的,形容词原形;wrse更差,比较级;gd好的,形容词原形;better更好,比较级。even后加比较级,且此处表示“更糟糕的是”。故选B。
    20.
    句意:我不知道我们能做什么。
    what we can d我们能做什么,陈述语序;what can we d疑问语序;hw we can d我们如何做,陈述语序;hw can we d我们如何做,疑问语序。句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除BD;d后缺少宾语,用what引导宾语从句。故选A。
    【2021年】
    A
    (2021·山东菏泽市·中考真题)
    Little Wmen is Luisa May Alctt’s mst famus nvel. The nvel fllws the 8 f the fur March sisters-Meg, J, Beth and Amy-and is based n the writer’s wn 9 f grwing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War(1861-1865).
    The main theme in the stry is the imprtance f 10 . Other themes include the need t wrk and self-imprvement.
    When the stry begins the sisters are cmplaining because they are 11 and have t wrk. Their mther says that they mustn’t spend mney n pleasure 12 there is a war and everybdy must help. Their father is in the army. In the letters their father sends hme, he tells his daughters t wrk hard and nt t waste their time. They must try t 13 the bad things in their lives and stay cheerful. He wants t be prud f them when he cmes hme. The girls decide t make an effrt t 14 themselves because they lve and miss their father very much.
    Alctt was interested in wmen’s rights and thrugh the fur March sisters, she explred (探索)fur different 15 f being a wman in thse days. Meg leaves the family t get 16 and have a new family. Beth devtes (致力于)herself t 17 her wn family. Amy fcuses n herself and her wn pleasure. And J, like Alctt herself, tries t have a career in writing and care fr her family at the same time.
    8.A.rulesB.livesC.secrets
    9.A.experiencesB.expressinsC.directins
    10.A.friendshipB.wrkC.family
    11.A.prB.richC.clever
    12.A.sB.becauseC.if
    13.A.sellB.findC.accept
    14.A.imprveB.serveC.imagine
    15.A.mapsB.waysC.circles
    16.A.dressedB.lstC.married
    17.A.lking afterB.lking frC.asking fr
    【答案】
    8.B
    9.A
    10.C
    11.A
    12.B
    13.C
    14.A
    15.B
    16.C
    17.A
    【分析】
    本文是一篇说明文,向我们介绍《小妇人》这本书的内容。
    8.句意:小说讲述了马奇家四个姐妹——梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米的生活,基于作者和三个姐妹在美国内战(1861-1865)期间的成长经历。rules规则;lives生活;secrets秘密。根据“The nvel fllws the…f the fur March sisters”和常识可知,这本书讲述四个姐妹的生活,故选B。
    9.句意:小说讲述了马奇家四个姐妹——梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米的生活,基于作者和三个姐妹在美国内战(1861-1865)期间的成长经历。experiences经历;expressins表达;directins方向。根据“and is based n the writer’s wn…f grwing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War(1861-1865)”可知,小说讲述了四个姐妹的成长经历,故选A。
    10.句意:这个故事的主题是家庭的重要性。friendship友谊;wrk工作;family家庭。根据常识可知,《小妇人》这本书的主要主题是“家庭”,故选C。
    11.句意:当故事开始的时候,姐妹们在抱怨,因为她们很穷,不得不工作。pr贫穷的;rich富有的;clever聪明的。根据“have t wrk”可知,因为穷,所以不得不工作,故选A。
    12.句意:她们的母亲说,她们不应该把钱花在娱乐上,因为有战争,每个人都必须帮助。s所以;because因为;if如果。“there is a war”是“they mustn’t spend mney n pleasure”的原因,用because引导原因状语从句,故选B。
    13.句意:她们必须努力接受生活中不好的事情,保持快乐。sell卖;find发现;accept接受。根据“They must try t…the bad things”可知,生活在战争时代,必须接受生活中不好的事情,故选C。
    14.句意:女孩们决定努力提高自己,因为她们非常爱和想念她们的父亲。imprve改善,提高;serve服务;imagine想象。根据“The girls decide t make an effrt t…themselves because they lve and miss their father very much.”可知,女孩们决定努力提高自己,故选A。
    15.句意:奥尔科特对妇女权利很感兴趣,通过马奇四姐妹,她探索了在那个年代做女人的四种不同方式。
    maps地图;ways方法,方式;circles圈,循环。根据后文介绍可知,四姐妹有四种生活方式,故选B。
    16.句意:梅格离开家去结婚,组建了一个新家庭。dressed穿衣;lst失去;married结婚。根据“have a new family”可知,结了婚有了新的家庭,故选C。
    17.句意:贝丝致力于照顾自己的家庭。lking after照顾;lking fr寻找;asking fr请求。根据“Beth devtes (致力于)herself t…her wn family. ”可知,贝丝尽力照顾家庭,故选A。
    B
    (2021·江苏南京市·中考真题)
    What des the wrd eclgy mean? It was 18 by Ernst Haeckel, a German bilgist. He jined tw Greek wrds: iks, meaning “huse”, and lgie, meaning “the study f”. Tgether they mean “the study f the huse”. The “huse” Haeckel had in mind is ur 19 , Earth. Earth is hme fr all living things—humans, animals, plants, and even tiny micrbes.
    T study a huse is t learn hw its residents(居民)use it. An eclgist is a scientist wh studies the 20 between rganisms (生物)and their envirnment. The envirnment is an rganism’s surrundings. It may 21 water, gases, rcks, and temperature.
    Eclgists als study the balance f using the envirnment while prtecting it.
    An eclgist nce asked a by 22 he thught it meant t prtect the envirnment.
    The by said, “Yu g int the frest and lk fr smebdy wh wants t cut dwn a tree. Yu take away his axe. Yu tell him abut hw 23 trees are. Yu say they are gd fr natural beauty, saving sil, and giving shelter t birds and ther animals. ”
    “ Gd answer,” said the eclgist, “ 24 it may nt be easy t find a wdcutter t talk t. Als, remember that smetimes it’s 25 t cut dwn a tree. If we cut dwn t many trees, the frest will disappear. If we dn’t cut dwn any trees, we wn’t get any resurces frm the frest. We have t find the right 26 . ”
    “I get it,” the by said. “We need the frest’s 27 fr wd and paper r we might nt have desks r ntebks fr schl.”
    “Exactly—and schl is a gd place t learn abut eclgy,” added the eclgist. “Then yu will knw hw t prtect the natural envirnment.”
    18.A.prvedB.inventedC.markedD.accepted
    19.A.planetB.buildingC.prjectD.surface
    20.A.feelingB.relatinshipsC.distanceD.cmpetitins
    21.A.plluteB.cntrlC.includeD.reduce
    22.A.whB.whseC.whyD.what
    23.A.wildB.cmmnC.wealthyD.imprtant
    24.A.butB.andC.sD.r
    25.A.cmfrtableB.tiringC.impssibleD.necessary
    26.A.mysteryB.temperatureC.balanceD.symbl
    27.A.silB.resurcesC.landscapeD.wildlife
    【答案】
    18.B
    19.A
    20.B
    21.C
    22.D
    23.D
    24.A
    25.D
    26.C
    27.B
    【分析】
    本文介绍了单词“eclgy”的来源,生态学家主要研究生物与其环境之间关系以及在保护环境的同时利用环境的平衡。
    18.句意:它是由德国生物学家恩斯特·海克尔发明的。prved证明;invented发明;marked标记;accepted接受。根据“He jined tw Greek wrds...”可知,“eclgy”是由德国生物学家恩斯特·海克尔发明的。故选B。
    19.句意:海克尔心目中的“房子”是我们的行星,地球。planet行星;building房子;prject项目;surface表面。根据空后的“Earth”可知,地球是行星。故选A。
    20.句意:生态学家是研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学家。feeling感觉;relatinships关系;distance距离;cmpetitins比赛。根据“between rganisms and their envirnment.”以及常识可知,生态学家是研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学家。故选B。
    21.句意:它可能包括水、气体、岩石和温度。pllute污染;cntrl控制;include包括;reduce减少。根据“The envirnment is an rganism’s surrundings.”可知,环境有机体的环境,可能包括水、气体、岩石和温度。故选C。
    22.句意:一位生态学家曾经问一个男孩,他认为这对保护环境意味着什么。wh谁;whse谁的;why为什么;what什么。此处为生态学家问男孩认为是什么,应用what。故选D。
    23.句意:你告诉他树有多重要。wild野外的;cmmn普遍的;wealthy富有的;imprtant重要的。根据“Yu say they are gd fr natural beauty, saving sil, and giving shelter t birds and ther animals.”可知,此处是指告诉他树木的重要性。故选D。
    24.句意:但要找一个樵夫谈话可能并不容易。but但是;and并且;s所以;r或者。根据“Gd answer”以及“it may nt be easy t find a wdcutter t talk t”可知,此处表示转折关系,应用连词but。故选A。
    25.句意:另外,请记住,有时有必要砍倒一棵树。cmfrtable舒服的;tiring累的;impssible不可能的;necessary必要的。根据“If we dn’t cut dwn any trees, we wn’t get any resurces frm the frest.”可知,有时候砍树也是必要的。故选D。
    26.句意:我们必须找到正确的平衡。mystery秘密;temperature温度;balance平衡;symbl标志。根据“If we cut dwn t many trees, the frest will disappear. If we dn’t cut dwn any trees, we wn’t get any resurces frm the frest.”可知,我们必须在不能砍太多树和不砍树之间找到平衡。故选C。
    27.句意:我们需要森林的木材和纸张资源,否则我们可能没有课桌或笔记本供学校使用。sil土壤;resurces资源;landscape风景;wildlife野生动物。根据“If we dn’t cut dwn any trees, we wn’t get any resurces frm the frest.”以及“We need the frest’ wd and paper r we might nt have desks r ntebks fr schl.”可知,我们需要森林的资源。故选B。
    C
    (2021·四川广安市·中考真题)
    It is said that Chinese peple are the mst friendly in the wrld. When freign peple visit a Chinese family, the Chinese family will shake hands with them. As 43 the freign peple will be surprised at the warmth that they 44 . When yu visit Chinese family, the hst ften makes tea fr yu and gets yu biscuits r candies. They will als chat with yu, and yu will never feel lnely.
    At the same time, they will be busy 45 meal fr yu. Chinese peple ften ffer 46 guests a big meal. They always prepare 47 mre fd than the guests can eat. On the table, the guests must be the first t eat. One f the mst surprising things 48 that the Chinese hst likes t pick fd fr guests. The Chinese family try t make yu at hme. When yu finish eating, the hst 49 says, “It seems that yu didn’t eat much, Please have mre.” Yu tell them yu have been full. 50 they will still put mre fd in yur bwl.
    Being warm is an imprtant part f Chinese culture. Cnfucius said in 51 years ag, “T meet friends frm a place far away, hw 52 we are!” Haha. I think yu shuld remember it.
    43.A.passengersB.custmersC.hstsD.guests
    44.A.receiveB.acceptC.hearD.discuss
    45.A.t prepareB.preparingC.t payD.paying
    46.A.herB.theirC.hisD.ur
    47.A.veryB.a lt fC.a ltD.many
    48.A.areB.isC.wasD.were
    49.A.suddenlyB.neverC.usuallyD.finally
    50.A.becauseB.butC.ifD.while
    51.A.tw thusandsB.tw thusand fC.thusand fD.thusands f
    52.A.sadB.interestedC.bredD.happy
    【答案】
    43.D
    44.A
    45.B
    46.B
    47.C
    48.B
    49.C
    50.B
    51.D
    52.D
    【分析】
    文章介绍了外国人在中国家庭做客时,受到的中国家庭的热情款待的情况,最后用“有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎!”点明中国人的好客之道。
    43.句意:作为客人,外国人会对他们所受到的热情感到惊讶。passengers乘客;custmers顾客;hsts主人;guests客人;根据“When freign peple visit a Chinese family, the Chinese family will shake hands with them.”可知,外国人拜访中国的家庭,外国人应该是客人,故选D。
    44.句意:作为客人,外国人会对他们所受到的热情感到惊讶。receive收到;accept接受;hear听;discuss讨论;根据“When yu visit Chinese family, the hst ften makes tea fr yu and gets yu biscuits r candies. They will als chat with yu, and yu will never feel lnely.”以及下文的介绍可知,这是外国人受到的款待,故选A。
    45.句意:同时,他们会忙着为你准备饭菜。t prepare准备,不定式形式;preparing准备,现在分词或动名词;t pay支付,不定式;paying支付,现在分词或动名词;根据“meal fr yu”可知,此处说的是忙着准备饭菜,be busy ding sth“忙于做某事”,故选B。
    46.句意:中国人经常给客人提供大餐。her她的;their他们的;his他的;ur我们的;主语是Chinese peple,是复数名词,此处应用第三人称their代替,故选B。
    47.句意:他们准备的食物总是比客人吃的多得多。very非常;a lt f 许多,修饰复数名词或不可数名词;a lt许多,修饰比较级;many许多,修饰复数名词;此处是修饰比较级的词,应用a lt,故选C。
    48.句意:最令人惊讶的事情之一是,中国主人喜欢为客人夹菜。are是,be动词复数形式;is是,be动词单数形式;was是,be动词过去式;were是,be动词过去式;ne f...连接的主语,谓语动词要用单数形式,此处是陈述事实用一般现在时,故选B。
    49.句意:当你吃完后,主人通常会说:“你好像没吃多少,请多吃点。”suddenly突然;never从不;usually通常;finally最后;根据“It seems that yu didn’t eat much, Please have mre.”及常识可知,这是中国人通常劝吃的说法,故选C。
    50.句意:但他们还是会在你的碗里放更多的食物。because因为;but但是;if如果;while当……时;空格前后句之间是转折关系,应用but连接,故选B。
    51.句意:温暖是中国文化的重要组成部分。tw thusands错误形式;tw thusand f错误形式;thusand f错误形式;thusands f数千;thusand表示概数时,要加s,其后要有f,故选D。
    52.句意:有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎!sad伤心的;interested感兴趣的;bred无聊的;happy开心的;根据句意可知,此处表达的是开心的,故选D。
    D
    (2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题)
    We all need fd. But when yu can’t finish yur meal, hw d yu 53 ? Yu might think that wasting 54 fd isn’t a big deal. The truth is that peple in China waste 35 millin tns f fd each year. It’s nearly ne third f fd waste in the wrld. As we all knw, fd waste becmes a 55 prblem in China.
    In rder t 56 fd waste, the gvernment has started the “Clean Plate Campaign (运动)”. Especially in restaurants, we can see 57 f the “Clean Plate” n the wall. Many restaurants remind their custmers that they shuldn’t 58 t much fd. Accrding t the law passed in April, 2021, if the restaurants always mislead (误导)custmers t rder t many dishes, they will face a fine (罚款). Restaurants in Wuhan have begun the N-l system, which means grups f custmers are suppsed t rder ne fewer dish than the number f peple in the grup. Fr example, a grup f 7 peple can rder 59 dishes at mst. Mst restaurants prvide custmers with free packing bxes (打包盒), and custmers can use 60 t take the leftvers (剩饭剩菜)hme.
    Tday, mre and mre peple start t realize the imprtance f 61 fd. Everyne shuld play a part in the “Clean Plate Campaign” and say 62 t fd waste.
    53.A.smellB.tasteC.feel
    54.A.a littleB.t manyC.much t
    55.A.differentB.seriusC.safe
    56.A.cut upB.cut dwnC.cut int
    57.A.signsB.clcksC.tickets
    58.A.mixB.ckC.rder
    59.A.6B.7C.8
    60.A.themB.usC.yu
    61.A.wastingB.savingC.eating
    62.A.yesB.nC.srry
    【答案】
    53.C
    54.A
    55.B
    56.B
    57.A
    58.C
    59.A
    60.A
    61.B
    62.B
    【分析】
    本文是一篇说明文,向我们介绍食物浪费的现状,呼吁我们参加“光盘行动”,节约粮食,对浪费说“不”。
    53.句意:但是当你不能吃完饭的时候,你会有什么感觉?smell闻;taste品尝;feel感觉。分析“But when yu can’t finish yur meal, hw d yu…?”可知,此处指吃不完食物的感受,故选C。
    54.句意:你可能认为浪费一点食物没什么大不了的。a little一点;t many太多;much t太。根据“Yu might think that wasting…fd isn’t a big deal.”可知,此处修饰不可数名词,故选A。
    55.句意:众所周知,食物浪费在中国已经成为一个严重的问题。different不同的;serius严重的;safe安全的。根据“It’s nearly ne third f fd waste in the wrld.”可知,中国占了世界食物浪费的三分之一,所以问题很严重,故选B。
    56.句意:为了减少食物浪费,政府开始了“光盘行动”。cut up切碎;cut dwn削减;cut int打断。根据“the gvernment has started the ‘Clean Plate Campaign (运动)’”可知,应该是为了减少浪费,故选B。
    57.句意:特别是在餐馆,我们可以看到“光盘行动”的标志在墙上。signs标志;clcks钟表;tickets票。根据“the ‘Clean Plate’ n the wall”可知,墙上的是标志,故选A。
    58.句意:许多餐馆提醒他们的顾客不要点太多的食物。mix混合;ck做饭;rder点单,命令。根据“Many restaurants remind their custmers that they shuldn’t…t much fd.”可知,餐馆建议顾客不要点太多食物,故选C。
    59.句意:例如,7人一组最多可以点6道菜。6六;7七;8八。根据“Restaurants in Wuhan have begun the N-l system, which means grups f custmers are suppsed t rder ne fewer dish than the number f peple in the grup.”可知,武汉的一些餐馆已经开始实行N-l制,这意味着一群顾客应该比他们的人数少点一道菜。所以七个人点六道菜,故选A。
    60.句意:大多数餐馆都为顾客提供免费的打包盒,顾客可以用它们把剩菜打包回家。them它们;us我们;yu你,你们。此处指“packing bxes”,用them代替,故选A。
    61.句意:今天,越来越多的人开始意识到节约粮食的重要性。wasting浪费;saving节约;eating吃。根据“Tday, mre and mre peple start t realize the imprtance f…fd.”可知,是节约粮食的重要性,故选B。
    62.句意:每个人都应该参与“光盘行动”,对食物浪费说不。yes是;n不;srry抱歉。根据“say…t fd waste”可知,是对食物浪费说“不”,故选B。
    E
    (2021·四川达州市·中考真题)
    Ping-png, r table tennis is very ppular in China. It might seem like an rdinary game t play with friends r family. 73 it hlds a special place in China-US relatins, as it has helped bth cuntries get alng fr the last 50 years. This has 74 “ping-png diplmacy (乒乓外交)”.
    Judy Harfrst was just 15 years ld when she 75 frm the US t China as part f a nine-member table tennis team. The year was 1971, and fr the previus (之前的) 20 years, relatins between China and the US had been 76 .
    But as the team 77 arund China, things started warming up. Harfrst even gt t meet then-Premier Zhu Enlai. “The mst memrable mment was that Zhu was shaking hands 78 me and lking int my eyes,” Harfrst tld China Daily. “Yu have pened a new page in Sin-US relatinships,” Zhu tld the team.
    Players frm bth cuntries believed strngly in the idea f 79 first, cmpetitin secnd. T this day, many f them remain friends. Harfrst thinks we shuld remember ping-png diplmacy 80 understand the imprtance f peple-t-peple exchanges in establishing bnds, human bnds between peples.
    In the years that fllwed the histrical visit, US president Richard Nixn (尼克松) made a landmark (里程碑) visit t China in 1972. Diplmatic relatins 81 the US and China were fully established (建立) in 1979.
    Seeing tensin (紧张局面) between tw f the wrld’s biggest pwers in recent years, Harfrst said China and the US 82 wrk tgether. “We have s much in cmmn and we shuld imprve ur relatins,” she added.
    73.A.AndB.SC.ButD.Since
    74.A.been callingB.been calledC.calledD.calling
    75.A.was absentB.was cmeC.was heardD.was sent
    76.A.unfriendlyB.friendsC.friendlyD.sweet
    77.A.lkedB.turedC.shwedD.turned
    78.A.inB.byC.tD.with
    79.A.friendshipB.studyC.safetyD.winning
    80.A.s thatB.in rder thatC.in rder tD.because f
    81.A.inB.betweenC.frD.amng
    82.A.canB.mustC.mayD.shuld
    【答案】
    73.C
    74.B
    75.D
    76.A
    77.B
    78.D
    79.A
    80.C
    81.B
    82.B
    【分析】
    本文主要介绍了乒乓球对中美两国关系的影响。
    73.句意:但它在中美关系中占有特殊地位,因为它帮助两国在过去50年里和睦相处。And和;S所以;But但是;Since自从。“Ping-png, r table tennis is very ppular in China. It might seem like an rdinary game t play with friends r family”与“it hlds a special place in China-US relatins”在句意上是转折关系,故选C。
    74.句意:这被称为“乒乓外交”。has been calling现在完成进行时;has been called现在完成时的被动语态;called动词过去式;calling现在分词/动名词。主语this与动词call之间是被动关系,根据“has”可知,此空应填现在完成时被动语态has been dne的结构,故选B。
    75.句意:当Judy Harfrst作为9人乒乓球队的一员从美国被派到中国时,她只有15岁。was absent frm缺席的;was cme frm错误结构;was heard frm被听说;was sent frm被派送。根据“frm the US t China”可知,此处指被派送到中国,故选D。
    76.句意:在过去的20年里,中美关系一直不友好。unfriendly不友好的;friends朋友;friendly友好的;sweet甜蜜的。根据“But as the team…arund China, things started warming up”可知,之前关系不是很友好,之后发生了改变,故选A。
    77.句意:但随着团队在中国的巡回比赛,情况开始好转。lked看;tured巡回演出;shwed展示;turned转向。根据“Judy Harfrst was just 15 years ld when she …frm the US t China as part f a nine-member table tennis team”可知,他们来中国的目的是为了巡回比赛,故选B。
    78.句意:最难忘的时刻是,周恩来和我握手,看着我的眼睛。in在……里;by通过;t到;with与……一起。根据“shaking hands…me”可知,是跟我握手,shake hands with sb.表示“和某人握手”,固定短语。故选D。
    79.句意:两国的运动员都坚信友谊第一,比赛第二的理念。friendship友谊;study研究;safety安全;winning赢。根据“T this day, many f them remain friends”可知,友谊第一,比赛第二,故选A。
    80.句意:Harfrst认为,我们应该牢记乒乓外交,以了解人文交流对建立人与人之间的纽带的重要性。
    s that以便于;in rder that以便于;in rder t为了;because f因为。固定搭配:in rder t d sth“为了做某事”,故选C。
    81.句意:中美两国于1979年全面建立外交关系。in在……里;between在……之间(两者);fr为了;amng在……之间(三者或三者以上)。固定搭配:between…and“在……之间”,故选B。
    82.句意:Harfrst表示,中国和美国必须共同努力。can能够;must必须;may可能;shuld应该。根据“We have s much in cmmn and we shuld imprve ur relatins”可知,她坚定地认为两国必须共同努力,故选B。
    F
    (2021·四川南充市·中考真题)
    Yuan Lngping a Chinese scientist and educatr, died at the age f 91 in Hunan last mnth. He was called the “Father f Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”and he helped 103 peple arund the wrld.
    Yuan Lngping was the first persn t develp a kind f hybrid rice which helped fight 104 in China. Fd was a big prblem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent f the wrld’s ppulatin, but nly 7 percent f its 105 . In the 1960s, Chinese peple had a difficult time. Millins f peple died because they had n fd. As an agrnmy teacher, Yuan was very 106 t see this. “Hw can I help them have enugh fd?” he thught. He decided t wrk n a kind f hybrid rice. It has a high utput(产量).
    At that time, ther scientists didn’t think hybrid rice was wrth 107 . But Yuan and his team wrked n it every day. They tk very gd care f their rice seeds.
    At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind f hybrid rice. This rice is 108 . Farmers can grw it in many different kinds f farmland and in bad 109 . It can als fight disease. Its utput was much 110 than cmmn kinds f rice. With the new kind, abut 70,000,000 peple culd have fd every year!
    Yuan slved the fd prblem in China. But he was 111 wrking n rice when he was very ld. Befre he retired, he hped t grw rice in the sea!
    Yuan nce said he had tw dreams—t “enjy the 112 under the rice crps(庄稼)taller than men” and that hybrid rice culd be grwn all ver the wrld t help slve the glbal fd prblem.
    103.A.supprtB.guardC.feedD.educate
    104.A.fldB.hungerC.earthquakeD.nature
    105.A.farmlandB.muntainsC.grasslandD.frests
    106.A.angryB.interestedC.hpefulD.sad
    107.A.discussingB.studyingC.eatingD.reprting
    108.A.expensiveB.newC.healthyD.strng
    109.A.seaB.villagesC.weatherD.gardens
    110.A.greaterB.smallerC.lessD.slwer
    111.A.stillB.againC.hardlyD.even
    112.A.heatB.clC.wealthD.fame
    【答案】
    103.C
    104.B
    105.A
    106.D
    107.B
    108.D
    109.C
    110.A
    111.A
    112.B
    【分析】
    本文主要介绍了“杂交水稻之父”——袁隆平在农业上对国家和人民做出的贡献。
    103.句意:他被称为“杂交水稻之父”,他帮助养活了世界各地的人们。supprt支持;guard守卫;feed喂养;educate教育。根据常识,他发明的杂交水稻,养活了许多人,避免了饥饿的问题,故选C。
    104.句意:袁隆平是第一个培育杂交水稻的人,这种杂交水稻帮助中国对抗饥饿。fld洪水;hunger饥饿;earthquake地震;nature自然。根据“develp a kind f hybrid rice”可知,这种食物是可以抵抗饥饿,故选B。
    105.句意:但只有7%的农田。farmland农田;muntains山;grassland草原;frests森林。根据“Fd was a big prblem in China in the past”及“This was because China had 22 percent f the wrld’s ppulatin”可知,在过去中国食物是一个大问题,人口多,农田少,故选A。
    106.句意:作为一名农学教师,袁隆平看到这一幕非常难过。angry生气的;interested感兴趣的;hpeful有希望的;sad难过的。根据“Millins f peple died because they had n fd”可知,看到这么多人死于饥饿,他感到难过,故选D。
    107.句意:当时,其他科学家认为杂交水稻不值得研究。discussing讨论;studying研究;eating吃;reprting报告。根据“But Yuan and his team wrked n it every day”可知,其他人觉得不值得研究,而袁隆平每天和团队每天都在研究,故选B。
    108.句意:这种水稻很坚强的。expensive昂贵的;new新的;healthy健康的;strng坚强的。根据“Farmers can grw it in many different kinds f farmland ”可知,这种水稻生命力很顽强,故选D。
    109.句意:农民可以在许多不同种类的农田和恶劣的天气中种植它。sea大海;villages村庄;weather天气;gardens花园。根据“in bad”可知,此处指在恶劣的天气中,故选C。
    110.句意:它的产量远远高于普通品种的水稻。greater更大的;smaller更小的;less更少的;slwer更慢的。根据“With the new kind, abut 70,000,000 peple culd have fd every year”可知,它的产量比普通的水稻要大的多,故选A。
    111.句意:但当他很老的时候,他还在从事研究水稻的工作。still仍然;again再;hardly几乎不;even甚至。根据“Yuan slved the fd prblem in China”及“But”可知,虽然他已经解决了食物问题,但他还仍然在做研究水稻的工作,故选A。
    112.句意:袁隆平曾有两个梦想——享受比人高的稻谷下的清凉。heat高温;cl凉快;wealth财富;fame名声。根据“under the rice crps(庄稼)taller than men”可知,在高高的稻谷下享受清凉,故选B。
    G
    (2021·山东潍坊市·中考真题)
    Space suits dn’t just make astrnauts lk cl. Withut these 118 suits, astrnauts wuldn’t be able t leave their spaceship. That is t say, they wuldn’t be able t 119 n the Mn r wrk utside the Internatinal Space Statin.
    Space is a 120 place fr human beings. Firstly, there is n air t breathe. Secndly, space als has high levels f radiatin(辐射), energy that can pass thrugh ur bdies and make us 121 . Thirdly, sme parts f space are really cld 122 ther parts are very ht. S astrnauts culd die in just a few secnds if they 123 utside their spaceship withut their suits. With a space suit, thugh, astrnauts can mve arund in space fr several hurs.
    Space suits keep astrnauts 124 sealed(密封的) inside. A backpack sends O2 in t let astrnauts breathe nrmally. At the same time, the CO2 125 astrnauts breathe ut is sucked away. The suit als prtects them frm harmful radiatin and fast-mving space dust. 126 the space suit is anther suit that lks like a pair f tight pajamas(睡衣) with little pipes running thrugh them. Water runs thrugh these pipes t 127 astrnauts because wearing a space suit can make astrnauts very ht!
    118.A.privateB.specialC.plasticD.expensive
    119.A.runB.walkC.liveD.surf
    120.A.funnyB.naturalC.beautifulD.dangerus
    121.A.sickB.bredC.strngD.relaxed
    122.A.afterB.sinceC.befreD.while
    123.A.rushedB.jumpedC.steppedD.escaped
    124.A.safelyB.quicklyC.quietlyD.terribly
    125.A.whB.thisC.thatD.whether
    126.A.AbveB.UnderC.BehindD.Between
    127.A.wash awayB.warm upC.cl ffD.clean ut
    【答案】
    118.B
    119.B
    120.D
    121.A
    122.D
    123.C
    124.A
    125.C
    126.B
    127.C
    【分析】
    本文主要介绍了宇航服对宇航员的作用以及它的构造。
    118.句意:没有这些特殊的宇航服,宇航员就不能离开他们的宇宙飞船。private私人的;special特别的;plastic塑料的;expensive昂贵的。根据“astrnauts wuldn’t be able t leave their spaceship”可知,这些特别的宇航服能让宇航员成功地离开飞船,故选B。
    119.句意:也就是说,他们不能在月球上行走,也不能在国际空间站之外工作。run跑步;walk行走;live居住;surf冲浪。根据“they wuldn’t be able t … n the Mn”及常识,可知,此处是指宇航员在月球上行走,故选B。
    120.句意:太空对人类来说是一个危险的地方。funny搞笑的;natural自然的;beautiful漂亮的;dangerus危险的。根据“Firstly, there is n air t breathe. Secndly, space als has high levels f radiatin”可知,太空是危险的地方,故选D。
    121.句意:能量可以通过我们的身体,使我们生病。sick病态的;bred无聊的;strng强壮的;relaxed放松的。根据“Secndly, space als has high levels f radiatin”可知,这些辐射能让人们生病,故选A。
    122.句意:第三,太空的一些部分很冷,而其他部分很热。after在……之后;since自从;befre在……之前;while然而。根据“sme parts f space are really cld”及“ther parts are very ht”可知,这是将两部分进行对比,一些部分很冷,而其他部分很热,故选D。
    123.句意:因此,如果宇航员不穿宇航服走出飞船,他们可能会在几秒钟内死亡。rushed冲出;jumped跳跃;stepped行走;excaped逃跑。根据“they …utside their spaceship withut their suits.”可知,不穿宇航服就在飞船外行走会有生命危险,故选C。
    124.句意:太空服将宇航员安全地密封在里面。safely安全地;quickly快速地;quietly安静地;terribly糟糕地。根据“let astrnauts breathe nrmally”可知,这种衣服会让他们安全地待在里面,故选A。
    125.句意:与此同时,宇航员呼出的二氧化碳也被吸走了。wh谁;this这个;that引导定语从句;whether是否。此处是定语从句,先行词CO2指物,在从句中作宾语,用that引导定语从句,故选C。
    126.句意:宇航服下面还有一套看起来像紧身睡衣的宇航服,里面有小管子。abve在……之上;under在……之下;behind在……之后;between在……之间。根据常识,宇航服有很多层,在下面的一层是看起来像睡衣一样的宇航服,故选B。
    127.句意:水通过这些管道给宇航员降温,因为穿宇航服会让宇航员很热。wash away冲走;warm up热身;cl ff冷却;clean ut清除。根据“because wearing a space suit can make astrnauts very ht”可知,这个可以让宇航员降温,故选C。
    【2020年】
    (一)【2020 •黑龙江绥化市 】
    二、完形填空
    Shuld I Be Allwed t Make My Own Decisins?
    Many teenagers have hbbies. But smetimes these can ___25___ the way f their schlwrk, and parents might wrry abut their success at schl. Teenagers ften think they shuld ___26___ t practice their hbbies as much as they want. D yu agree?
    Liu Yu, a ___27___ by frm Shandng, is a running star. He is ___28___ his schl team and has always wanted t be a prfessinal runner when he grws up. Hwever, his parents wn't allw him t train s much. "Of curse we want t see him ___29___ his dreams," says Mr. Liu. "My wife and I have supprted ___30___ f his races. We have nthing against ___31___ ! But we think ur sn needs t think abut ther pssible jbs. He's getting lder nw, s he needs t think abut what ___32___ if he desn't end up as a prfessinal runner."
    Liu Yu desn't ___33___ agree. "Well, I think they shuld allw me t decide fr myself." He says. "My parents have always tld me hw imprtant it is t wrk hard at schl and enter university. I understand this, but I'm serius abut running. It's the nly thing ___34___ I've ever wanted t d."
    His parents believe that he needs t spend mre time n his hmewrk because it is difficult t becme a prfessinal sprts star. But Liu Yu still disagrees. "I knw my parents care abut me. But I think I shuld make this chice myself. Only then will I have a chance t achieve my dream."
    25. A. get nB. get inC. get up
    26. A. allwB. allwedC. be allwed
    27. A. fifteen-years-ldB. fifteen years ldC. fifteen-year-ld
    28. A. nB. atC. fr
    29. A. achievesB. achieveC. t achieve
    30. A. every neB. everyneC. every
    31. A. runB. runningC. t run
    32. A. happensB. happenedC. will happen
    33. A. reallyB. veryC. real
    34. A. whichB. /C. wh
    这是一篇议论文,文章以刘宇和他的父母对待成为职业跑步运动员有着不同的观点和原因为例,来讨论青少年是否应该被允许自己做决定。
    25.B【解析】句意:但有时这些会妨碍他们的学业,父母可能会担心他们在学校的成功。get n上车;get in the way妨碍,阻碍;get up起床。根据题干中“parents might wrry abut their success at schl”可推出有时爱好会对学业不利,结合空后“the way”可故要用get in the way表示“阻碍,妨碍”。故选B。
    26.C【解析】句意:青少年经常认为他们应该被允许尽可能多地练习他们的业余爱好。allw允许。allw动词原形;allwed动词的过去式或过去分词;be allwed被动语态。shuld后接动词原形,主语they和动词allw之间是动宾关系,此处用被动语态。故选C。
    27.C【解析】句意:刘宇,一个来自山东15岁男孩,是一个跑步明星。fifteen-years-ld错误搭配;fifteen years ld 15岁,在句中作表语;fifteen-year-ld 15岁,在句中作定语。根据题干中“a ____ by”可知by前缺少定语,用fifteen-year-ld符合题意。故选C。
    28.A【解析】句意:他是校队的一员,一直想长大后成为一名职业跑步运动员。n为(某团体或组织)的一员;at在……;fr为了。根据空后“his schl team”可知此处是说他是校足球队的一员,用介词n符合题意。故选A。
    29.B【解析】句意:刘先生说:我们当然希望看到他实现自己的梦想。achieve实现。achieves动词的第三人称单数形式;achieve动词原形;t achieve动词的不定式。根据题干中“see him ____ his dream”可知此处用see sb. d sth.表示“看见某人做某事”,此处用动词原形。故选B。
    30.A【解析】句意:我和我的妻子支持他的每一场比赛。every ne每个;everyne每个人,不定代词;every每个的,形容词。根据题干中“____ f his races”可知此处是指他比赛的每一场,B项意义不符,C项形容词不能与f连用,用every ne符合题意。故选A。
    31.B【解析】句意:我们没有理由反对跑步!run跑步。run动词原形;running动名词或动词的现在分词;t run动词不定式。介词against后接动名词。故选B。
    32.C【解析】句意:他现在年纪越来越大,所以他需要考虑如果他没有成为一名职业跑步运动员会发生什么。
    happen发生。happens动词的第三人称单数;happened动词的过去式;will happen一般将来时。what后的句子是个宾语从句,根据题干中“needs”可知主句用一般现在时,从句时态根据具体需要来定;结合题干中“what ____ if he desn't end up as a prfessinal runner”可知宾语从句本身是含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句,遵循主将从现原则,主句用一般将来时。故选C。
    33.A【解析】句意:刘宇不太同意。really真正地,副词;very非常,副词;real真实的,形容词。根据题干可知此处要用副词修饰动词agree,very不能修饰动词,用really符合题意。故选A。
    34.B【解析】句意:这是我唯一想做的事。which先行词是物,且在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;/ 不填;wh先行词是人,且在从句中作主语。分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语从句关系词,题中先行词“thing”指物,排除C,其前有the nly修饰,关系代词不能用which,可用that,在从句中充当宾语,可以省略不填。故选B。
    (二)【2020 •昆明市】
    从A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。
    D yu knw what "paying it frward" means? It's nt paying fr smething befre yu buy it, " Paying it frward" is t d smething nice fr anther persn fr n ___16___. Then that persn des smething nice fr smene else.
    Yu may think this desn't seem like much. But this nice act can spread quite ___17___.
    One day in December 2015, a wman was buying a meal at McDnald's in Flrida, US. She als ___18___ a meal fr the persn standing in line behind her. That persn did the same thing, and the next persn did it, ___19___ . Sn, 250 peple had dne anther persn the act f ___20___!
    But yu ___21___spend mney t pay fr it frward. There are examples f paying it frward every day like vlunteering, giving fd t ___22___ r ding smething nice fr smene arund yu.
    Try it ut fr ___23___. All yu have t d is lk fr ___24___things that yu culd d make smene happy. Then, ask them t spread the wrd and d three kind things fr smene else. And when smene des smething nice fr yu, dn't ____25____ t d the same.
    16. A. space B. actin C. reasn
    17. A. fast B. slwly C. hardly
    18. A. madeB. bughtC. sld
    19. A. tB. eitherC. als
    20. A. madnessB. pliteness C. kindness
    21. A. wuld like tB. are suppsed t C. dn't need t
    22. A. the richB. the hmelessC. the missing
    23. A. myselfB. yurselfC. itself
    24. A. smallB. awfulC. strange
    25. A. agreeB. frgetC. decide
    这是一篇议论文,文章讲述给别人做善意的行为,而这个人将善意继续下去的善举;倡导爱的相互传递。
    16.C【解析】句意:“向前支付”就是无任何理由地为另一个人去做一些善举。space空间;actin行为;reasn理由。此处用fr n reasn表示“没有任何理由”。故选C。
    17.A【解析】句意:但是这种善行可以迅速传播开来。fast快;slwly慢;hardly几乎不。此处用副词fast表示“传播得很快”。故选A。
    18.B【解析】句意:她也为站在她后面的人付餐款。made 制作;bught买;sld卖。根据“a wman was buying a meal”可知此处用动词bught表示“买”。选B。
    19.A【解析】句意:那个人也做了相同的事情,接下来一个人也是如此。 t常放在肯定句句末,前必须有逗号把它和前面的句子分开。either常用于否定句和疑问句中,前有逗号,把它和前面的内容分开。als 一般放在肯定句中,放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后,实义动词之前。这是肯定句,逗号和前面隔开用t放在句末表示“也”。故选A。
    20.C【解析】句意:不久,250个人都给另一个人做了这种善意的行为。madness疯狂;pliteness礼貌;kindness善意。根据“buying a meal”可知此处是表达给别人的餐买单这种善行,用名词kindness。故选C。
    21.C【解析】句意:但是你没有必要花钱来向前付款。wuld like t想要;are suppsed t理应;dn’t need t没必要。根据“There are examples f paying it frward every day like vlunteering”可知此处讲的是不花钱的善举,用dn’t need t d的结构。故选C。
    22.B【解析】句意:有一些善举的例子,比如志愿者、给物价可归的人送食物或者给你周围的某个人做一些善意的举动。the rich富人;the hmeless无家可归的人;the missing失踪的人。根据“giving fd”可知此处用the hmeless表示“无家可归的人”。故选B。
    23.B【解析】句意:你自己试试看。myself我自己;yurself你自己;itself它自己。根据“All yu have t d”可知此处用“你自己”yurself。故选B。
    24.A【解析】句意:所有你必须做的就是寻找你能做的让别人开心的小事。small小的;awful糟糕的;strange奇怪的。根据“ding smething nice fr smene arund yu”可知此处用small表示“小事情”。故选A。
    25.B【解析】句意:当某个人给你做了善意的行为,不要忘记做相同的事。agree同意;frget忘记;decide决定。此处用frget t d表示“忘记做某事”。故选B。
    (三)【2020 •安徽省】
    In recent years, with mre and mre cars n the rad, flying rbts are used t deliver(递送) mails. Flying rbts can 21 mails t peple's huses withut having t deal with heavy 22 .But they will spend t much time in returning. A research center is trying t imprve its flying rbts with the 23 f hming pigens(信鸽).
    Hming pigens are pigens that are 24 trained t fly hme frm smewhere else. In tests, researchers 25 that hming pigens were 26 efficient(高效的) than flying rbts at returning t their hme. S the research center is trying t use a flying rbt, tgether with a 27 , t deliver mails. After the rbt finishes its tasks, it can 28 the pigen back in the shrtest pssible time.
    Althugh it will cst mre mney t 29 pigens, the research center says that it can 30 time. And the time it saves will make up fr the cst.
    21.A.inviteB.carryC.blwD.kick
    22.A.trafficB.rainC.fireD.pllutin
    23.A.helpB.luckC.treatD.interest
    24.A.prlyB.carelesslyC.speciallyD.musically
    25.A.prmisedB.jkedC.plannedD.fund
    26.A.lessB.mreC.littleD.much
    27.A.hming pigenB.big huseC.leading persnD.heavy car
    28.A.trainB.knckC.fllwD.steal
    29.A.dressB.paintC.cleanD.raise
    30.A.expectB.shwC.killD.save
    文章大意:本文主要讲飞行机器人被用来传递信件,这样不会遇到交通阻塞,但它们返回花费时间太久,科学家尝试用信鸽来弥补这个不足。
    21.B【解析】句意:飞行机器人可以把邮件送到人们的家里,而不用处理繁忙的交通。invite发明;carry携带;blw刮风;kick敲击。根据空后“mails t peple's huses”可知是飞行机器人把信件携带到人们家里,用carry符合题意。故选B。
    22.A【解析】句意:飞行机器人可以把邮件送到人们的家里,而不用处理繁忙的交通。traffic交通;rain雨;fire火;pllutin污染。根据上文“In recent years, with mre and mre cars n the rad, flying rbt【解析】s are used t deliver mails.”可知飞行机器人不必与繁忙的交通打交道,用traffic符合题意。故选A。
    23.A【解析】句意:研究中心正试图在信鸽的帮助下改善飞行机器人。help帮助;luck运气;treat款待;interest兴趣。根据下文讲让飞行机器人和信鸽一起送信件,可推出是在信鸽的帮助下,用with the help f ... 表示“在……的帮助下”。故选A。
    24.C【解析】句意:信鸽是经过特殊训练从其他地方飞回家的鸽子。prly贫穷地;carelessly粗心地;specially特别地;musically音乐般地。根据空后“t fly hme frm smewhere else”讲信鸽可以从其他地方飞回家,由此可知是经过特殊训练的,用specially符合题意。故选C。
    25.D【解析】句意:在测试中,研究人员发现,信鸽返回家园的效率比飞行机器人更高。prmised承诺;jked开玩笑;planned种植;fund发现。根据下文中“S the research center is trying t use a flying rbt, tgether with a ____, t deliver mails.”讲研究中心试图用信鸽和飞行机器人一起传递信件,可推出是发现信鸽返回家园的效率比飞行机器人更高,用fund符合题意。故选D。
    26.B【解析】句意:在测试中,研究人员发现,信鸽返回家园的效率比飞行机器人更高。
    less更少;mre更;little极少;much非常。根据空后“than”可知此处要用efficient的比较级mre efficient表示“更高效的”。故选B。
    27.A【解析】句意:所以研究中心正在尝试使用一个飞行机器人和一只信鸽来投递信件。hming pigen信鸽;big huse大房子;leading persn领头人;heavy car重型汽车。上下文都在讲信鸽对飞行机器人的帮助,此处是说让信鸽和飞行机器人一起投递信件,用hming pigen符合题意。故选A。
    28.C【解析】句意:机器人完成任务后,可以在最短的时间内跟随鸽子返回。train训练;knck敲;fllw跟随;steal偷盗。上文讲到机器人返回时耗时太久,又讲到信鸽擅长返回家园,由此可推出是让机器人跟随信鸽返回,用fllw符合题意。故选C。
    29.D【解析】句意:尽管养鸽子会花费更多的钱,研究中心说,它可以节省时间。dress穿衣;paint画;clean清理;raise饲养。上文讲到要让信鸽辅助飞行机器人送信件,结合选项可推出此处是说要养鸽子,用raise符合题意。故选D。
    30.D【解析】句意:尽管养鸽子会花费更多的钱,研究中心说,它可以节省时间。expect期望;shw展示;kill杀掉;save节省。根据下文“And the time it saves”可知此处是说节省时间,用save符合题意。故选D。
    (四)【2020 •内蒙古通辽市】
    “We're ging t cut science class tday. I knw yu want t cme with us. Let’s g!”
    Maybe yu’ve 1 ne f the ppular kids at schl say smething like this. S what d yu d? D yu just give in and d what the ther kids 2 , r d yu g t class n matter what they say?
    Situatins like this ften cme up. And it is nt easy t make yur wn 3 when yur friends want t d smething yu’re nt quite sure abut. Smetimes, yu feel yu shuld d smething because everyne else is ding it, and it is 4 t g against the majrity. This is called “peer(同龄人) pressure” because peers are pressuring yu t d what they want.
    Sme peple give in t peer pressure because they want t be mre ppular. Sme wrry that thers will make fun f them 5 they dn’t g alng with the grup. The 6 that “everyne is ding it” makes them fllw the crwd. Smetimes peer pressure can be 7 if yur peers encurage yu t be a better persn. But mst peer pressure pushes yu t d smething yu dn’t really want t d. And it affects almst everyne withut exceptin. S what can yu d t 8 it?
    First f all, yu shuld fllw yur wn feelings and beliefs and be self-cnfident. When yu are self-cnfident, yu can say “n” t the peple 9 t pressure yu. It als helps t have a gd friend wh respects yur beliefs. That way yu wn’t be 10 when yu stand up t peer pressure.
    1.A.madeB.helpedC.feltD.heard
    2.A.cmpleteB.cntrlC.suggestD.avid
    3.A.friendsB.rulesC.searchD.decisin
    4.A.slwB.hardC.clearD.useful
    5.A.unlessB.untilC.ifD.althugh
    6.A.dubtB.ideaC.hpeD.prmise
    7.A.gdB.cmmnC.seriusD.strng
    8.A.affectB.shwC.deal withD.talk abut
    9.A.failingB.tryingC.learningD.refusing
    10.A.alneB.luckyC.quietD.ppular
    文章大意:本文主要讲了同龄人压力这一普遍现象,讲了同龄人压力的影响及如何应对同龄人压力。
    1.D【解析】句意:也许你听过学校里一个受欢迎的孩子说过这样的话。made制作;helped帮助;felt感觉;heard听到。根据题干中“say smething like this”讲说这样的话,可知此处是说“听过”,用heared符合题意。故选D。
    2.C【解析】句意:你是会屈服,按照其他孩子的建议去做,还是不管他们说什么你都去上课?
    cmplete完成;cntrl控制;suggest建议;avid避免。根据上文中“We're ging t cut science class tday. I knw yu want t cme with us. Let’s g!”是建议逃课,可知此次是说按照其他孩子的“建议”去做,用suggest符合题意。故选C。
    3.D【解析】句意:当你的朋友想要做一些你不太确定的事情时,你也不容易做出自己的决定。
    friends朋友;rules规则;search搜索;decisin决定。根据题干中“smething yu’re nt quite sure abut”讲到不确定的事,可推出是要做决定,用decisin符合题意。make ne's decisin做某人的决定。故选D。
    4.B【解析】句意:有时候,你觉得自己应该做一些事情,因为其他人都在做,很难违背大多数人的意愿。
    slw缓慢的;hard艰难的;clear清楚的;useful有用的。根据空后“t g against the majrity”表示“违背多数人”,结合常识可知违背多数人是很难的,用hard符合题意。故选B。
    5.C【解析】句意:有些人担心如果他们不合群,其他人会取笑他们。unless除非;until直到……为止;if如果;althugh尽管。“他们不合群”是“其他人会取笑他们”的条件,用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。
    6.B【解析】句意:“每个人都在做”的想法让他们随大流。dubt怀疑;idea想法;hpe希望;prmise承诺。根据语境可知“everyne is ding it”表示“每个人都在做”是一个想法,用idea后接同位语从句,解释这是一个什么样的想法,符合题意。故选B。
    7.A【解析】句意:有时候,如果你的同龄人鼓励你成为一个更好的人,同龄人压力可能是好的。
    gd好的;cmmn普通的;serius严重的;strng强壮的。根据空后“if yur peers encurage yu t be a better persn”可知“同龄人鼓励你成为一个更好的人”是同龄人压力好的一面,用gd符合题意。故选A。
    8.C【解析】句意:那么你能做些什么来应对呢?affect影响;shw展示;deal with处理;talk abut谈论。下文提出了几点应对同龄人压力的方法,结合选项可知此处是说“那么你能做些什么来应对(处理)同龄人压力呢?”,用deal with符合题意。故选C。
    9.B【解析】句意:当你自信的时候,你可以对那些试图压迫你的人说“不”。failing失败;trying尝试;learning学习;refusing拒绝。根据空前“yu can say ‘n’ t the peple”可知推出要对“试图”给你压力的人说“不”,try t d sth.试图做某事。故选B。
    10.A【解析】句意:这样,当你抵抗同龄人压力时,你就不会孤单。alne单独的;lucky幸运的;quiet安静的;ppular受欢迎的。根据上文“It als helps t have a gd friend wh respects yur beliefs. ”讲有一个尊重你信仰的朋友是有帮助的,由此推出有朋友的时候,抵抗同龄人压力时不再是一个人,用alne表示“单独的”。故选A。
    (五)【2020 •四川攀枝花】
    "The grass lks greener n the ther side f the fence(篱笆)." That is an ld 21 in English. It means ther places ften lk better, mre interesting than the place 22 yu live. Sme peple wrry that yung Chinese are beginning t feel like that. They see yung Chinese paying n attentin t Chinese culture and, 23 , buying Japanese cartn bks, watching Krean sap peras and even 24 Western hlidays.
    Freign bks and sap peras are gd, 25 Chinese writers and actrs are just as gd. As fr hlidays, Christmas is nice, but fr Chinese, it 26 has the special meaning like the Spring Festival, and the West has 27 t cmpare with the Mid-Autumn Festival. Dn't frget the best part f Chinese culture: Friendliness! Nt all cuntries are as 28 as China.
    It's gd t enjy ther cultures and 29 frm them, but they can't take the place f yur wn culture. It's gd t lk n the ther side f the fence, but 30 yu lk carefully and clsely, and yu will find that the grass isn't always greener n the ther side f the fence.
    21.A.wrdB.sayingC.sentenceD.rule
    22.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.hw
    23.A.besideB.besidesC.insteadD.then
    24.A.celebratingB.t celebrateC.celebratedD.celebrate
    25.A.ifB.sC.butD.r
    26.A.stillB.neverC.alwaysD.ever
    27.A.everythingB.smethingC.anythingD.nthing
    28.A.warmB.warmerC.cldD.clder
    29.A.learnsB.learningC.in learningD.t learn
    30.A.make upB.make up fC.make sureD.be sure t
    本文通过一句谚语而引出了社会的现象,许多人总是认为其他国家的文化更好,我们可以向其他国家学习某些文化,同时也不要忘了我们自己本身的文化。
    21.B【解析】句意:那在英语里是一句古老的谚语。wrd话语;saying谚语;sentence句子;rule规则。根据上文“The grass lks greener n the ther side f the fence.”意为“篱笆那边的草看起来更绿”,结合常识可知这是一句古老的谚语,所以空格处填saying。故选B。
    22.B【解析】句意:那意味着其他的地方看起来比你住的地方更好、更有趣。when先行词指时间,在从句中作时间状语;where先行词指地点,在从句中作地点状语;why先行词指原因,在从句中作原因状语;hw如何,不能引导定语从句。根据句子结构,此句是一个定语从句,先行词the place,在从句中作地点状语,关系词可以用where或in which。故选B。
    23.C【解析】句意:他们看到中国年轻人不在意中国文化,反而购买日本卡通漫画书、看韩国肥皂剧,甚至庆祝西方节假日。beside在……旁边;besides况且;instead反而;then然后。空前表示“中国年轻人不在意中国文化”,空后表示“购买日本卡通漫画书、看韩国肥皂剧,甚至庆祝西方节假日”,句意出现转折,且后文陈述的情况取代了前文,所以空格处填instead。故选C。
    24.A【解析】句意:他们看到中国年轻人不在意中国文化,反而购买日本卡通漫画书、看韩国肥皂剧,甚至庆祝西方节假日。celebrate庆祝。celebrating动名词或动词的现在分词;t celebrate动词不定式;celebrated动词的过去式;celebrate动词原形。根据题干中“... buying Japanese cartn bks, watching Krean sap peras and even ____ Western hlidays.”可知and连接并列结构,动词都用-ing形式,此处用celebrating符合题意。故选A。
    25.C【解析】句意:外国书和肥皂剧是很不错,但是中国的作家和演员一样好。if如果;s因此;but但是;r否则。空前表示“外国书和肥皂剧是很不错”,空后表示“中国的作家和演员一样好”,句意出现转折,所以空格处填but。故选C。
    26.B【解析】句意:至于假期,圣诞节是很棒的,但是它从来不会有中国春节的意味,并且西方国家没有什么能跟中秋节相比的节日。still仍然;never从不;always总是;ever曾经。but是表转折,根据Christmas is nice,可知,圣诞节虽然也不错,但是跟中国春节相比,它从来没有春节的那种意味,所以空格处填never。故选B。
    27.D【解析】句意:至于假期,圣诞节是很棒的,但是它从来不会有中国春节的意味,并且西方国家没有什么能跟中秋节相比的节日。everything一切;smething某些事物;anything任何事物;nthing没有什么。根据语境可知此处在强调中国节日的特别,应是说西方节日中“没什么”能跟中秋节相比,用nthing符合题意。故选D。
    28.A【解析】句意:不是所有的国家都像中国一样友好。warm温暖的,友好的;warmer更温暖的,更友好的;cld冷酷的;clder更冷酷的。固定搭配:as+形容词/副词原级+as,表示“如……一样……”,排除BD。根据上文“Dn't frget the best part f Chinese culture: Friendliness! ”可知友好是中国文化最好的部分,所以空格处填warm。故选A。
    29.D【解析】句意:欣赏其他文化和向它们学习是很好的,但是它们不能取代你自己的文化。
    learn学习。learns动词的第三人称单数形式;learning动名词/现在分词;in learning介词+动名词;t learn动词不定式。and表并列关系连词,连接前后的词性保持一致,and前t enjy是动词不定式,所以此空也填动词不定式t learn。故选D。
    30.C【解析】句意:往篱笆的另一边看是好的,但是一定要仔细地看,你会发现篱笆另一边的草并不总是更绿。make up弥补;make up f由……组成;make sure一定;be sure t一定。根据下文“yu will find that the grass isn't always greener n the ther side f the fence”可知,你一定要仔细地看一看,排除AB;be sure t d sth.是固定搭配,不符合语境,排除D;此处用make sure接省略that的宾语从句。故选C。
    (六)【2020 • 贵州省黔东南州中考】
    Are yu shy? If yu are, yu are nt alne. In fact, nearly 50% f the peple are shy, and almst 80% feel shy at sme pints in their lives. Why are peple___41___?
    It is fund that family size might ___42___ peple t be shy. Kids with n ___43___ r sisters may be shy. Grwing up alne, they ften play by themselves. They are nt able t ___44___ the same scial skills as kids frm big families.
    Anther cause f shyness might be ___45___. As mre and mre peple use the Internet, they ___46___ less time utside. As a result, they lse chances t cmmunicate with thers. ___47___ t new peple face t face can make them feel nervus.
    Fr shy peple, it can be___48___t make friends, speak in class, and even get a gd jb. But scientists say yu can vercme yur shyness. They suggest trying ___49___ things and practicing mre cnversatins.
    Anyway, dn't be ____50____ f shyness——yu are valued fr what yu are!
    41. A. interestedB. bredC. shyD. brave
    42. A. wantB. causeC. teachD. let
    43. A. teachersB. friendsC. classmatesD. brthers
    44. A. standB. inventC. buyD. develp
    45. A. praiseB. decisinC. technlgyD. dream
    46. A. designB. spendC. cllectD. save
    47. A. NddingB. RunningC. SpeakingD. Jumping
    48. A. easyB. safeC. dangerusD. difficult
    49. A. newB. privateC. wrngD. heavy
    50. A. afraidB. fndC. prudD. full
    【文章大意】本文介绍了人们害羞的原因,并提出了克服害羞的一些建议。
    41.C【解析】句意:人们为什么会害羞呢?interested感兴趣的;bred无聊的;shy害羞的;brave勇敢的。根据前文In fact, nearly 50% f the peple are shy, and almst 80% feel shy at sme pints in their lives“事实上,50%的人们是害羞的,几乎80%的人在生活的某一时刻感到害羞”,可知,此处是根据这些数据来提出问题“为什么人们会害羞呢”,所以空格处填shy。故选C。
    42.B【解析】句意:研究发现,家庭规模可能会导致人们害羞。want想要;cause导致;teach教;let让。根据上文Why are peple shy,可知,此处是回答什么原因导致了人们害羞,所以空格处填cause。故选B。
    43.D【解析】句意:没有兄弟姐妹的孩子可能会害羞。teachers老师们;friends朋友们;classmates同学们;brthers兄弟们。r在否定句中连接两个并列关系的名词,根据r后sisters,可知,此处表示“没有兄弟或姐妹”,所以空格处填brthers。故选D。
    44.D【解析】句意:他们不能像来自大家庭的孩子那样培养相同的社交技能。stand站立;invent发明;buy买;develp培养。根据空格后scial skills,可知,此空表示“培养社交技能”,所以空格处填develp。故选D。
    45.C【解析】句意:另一个引起害羞的原因可能是科技。praise表扬;decisin决定;technlgy科技;dream梦想。根据As mre and mre peple use the Internet, they spend less time utside“随着越来越多的人使用互联网,他们花费很少的时间外出”,可知,像互联网这种科技可能是引起害羞的另一个原因,所以空格处填technlgy。故选C。
    46.B【解析】句意:随着越来越多的人使用互联网,他们花费很少的时间外出。design设计;spend花费;cllect收集;save节省。根据As a result, they lse chances t cmmunicate with thers,可知,他们花很少时间外出,因此失去和其他人沟通的机会,所以空格处填spend。故选B。
    47.C
    【解析】句意:跟陌生人面对面说话可能使他们感到紧张。ndding点头;running跑步;speaking说话;jumping跳跃。根据they lse chances t cmmunicate with thers,可知,他们失去了和其他人沟通的机会,所以跟陌生人说话时会感到紧张,所以此空填动名词speaking作主语。故选C。
    48.D【解析】句意:对于害羞的人来说,交友,在班上发言,甚至获得一份好工作都很难。easy容易的;safe安全的;dangerus危险的;difficult困难的。根据Fr shy peple及make friends, speak in class, and even get a gd jb,可知,对于害羞的人来说,交友,在班上发言,甚至获得一份好工作都很难,所以空格处填difficult。故选D。
    49.A【解析】句意:他们建议尝试新事物,并练习更多的对话。new新的;private私人的;wrng错误的;heavy沉重的。根据前文But scientists say yu can vercme yur shyness,可知,科学家们建议害羞的人尝试新事物来克服害羞,所以空格处填new。故选A。
    50.A【解析】句意:无论如何,不要害怕害羞——你的价值在于你是什么样的人。afraid害怕的;fnd喜欢的;prud自豪的;full满的。根据上文But scientists say yu can vercme yur shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing mre cnversatins,可知,科学家提出的克服害羞的建议就是让你不要害怕害羞,固定搭配be afraid f sth“害怕某事”,所以空格处填afraid。故选A。
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