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山东省鄄城县第一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月月考英语试卷(含答案)
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这是一份山东省鄄城县第一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月月考英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，单词拼写，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
Tday’s mdern travelers are jurneying further t explre Eurpe ff the beaten track, and bringing hme new skills and experience. Here are 4 ideas fr an unusual hliday in Eurpe.
Vlunteer in Transylvania
Transylvania is a tp chice fr an unusual Eurpean city break, with wnderfully preserved medieval(中世纪的) twns and castles that inspired the famus nvel Dracula. In additin, yu can take yur unusual hliday experience even further by vlunteering in Eastern Eurpe’s largest bear reserve and wrking with bears.
Teach skiing in Austria
Austria is ne f Eurpe’s tp skiing destinatins. If yu’re lking fr a mre unusual way t spend winter hliday, why nt cnsider training t be a ski instructr there? Yu’ll gain a qualificatin that is recgnized wrldwide, and this prgram includes a guaranteed paid instructr jb at a ski resrt nce yu have finished yur training.
G diving in Spain
Fr a Eurpean hliday with a difference, take part in a plastic cleanup prject based in Barcelna, help t empty plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and make a difference as yu travel. This vlunteer prject cmbines diving with cllecting plastic r ther waste frm the water, alngside giving yu the chance t explre the city.
Explre Tuscany n hrseback
Tuscany, ne f the best places in Eurpe t explre n hrseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. There are varius activities that cmbine sightseeing with basic hrse riding lessns and yu can stay in Renaissance villas(文艺复兴风格的别墅)and farmhuses. Yu dn’t need t have any experience fr hrse riding hlidays, and they are a brilliant alternative t yur typical guided tur.
1．What des the authr suggest ding in Transylvania?
A. Visiting its mdern buildings.B. Finding a jb in the castle.
C. Reading the nvel Dracula.D. Helping t care fr bears.
2．Where can yu earn mney while traveling?
A. Transylvania.B. Tuscany.C. Austria.D. Spain.
3．What d we knw abut hrse riding hlidays in Tuscany?
A. They suit experienced riders.B. They are unique t Tuscany.
C. They are grwing in ppularity.D. They feature a typical guided tur.
Lcal authrities and firefighters in the United States are always n the lkut fr new and creative methds t help cntrl wildfires. Especially during the ht and dry summer mnths, thusands f wildfires cause damage t frests every year. The city f West Sacrament in Nrth Califrnia has fund a creative secret weapn t help deal with this phenmenn: gats.
These friendly animals have been assisting the city with wildfire preventin and fire risks by eating weeds, dry grass and dead trees. When the gats eat the things that are likely t catch fire, they prevent the prblem frm happening.
Wildfires ccur naturally when dry plants are ignited(点燃)by the sun’s heat and catch n fire. Hwever, mst wildfires are caused by human carelessness, including unattended campfires, cigarettes and ther flammable bjects. The best strategy t battle the fires and minimize the damage is t attempt t remve the fuel that enables the spread f the flames, in this case the dry weeds, trees and plants. If the things that are mst likely t catch fire are gne, the fire is less likely t spread.
The lve able gats are able t reach difficult areas that peple are nt able t access. Abut 400 f these gats can clear tw acres per day. They even fertilize(使肥沃)the area, a natural and free side effect f eating all thse dry plants. Firefighters and gvernment fficials cannt be happier with the results.
“Fr us, the cmbinatin f turning t gats fr help with the quick fire respnse is an effective methd f keeping ur neighbrs safe frm disastrus wildfires,“said assistant Fire Chief Khari Helae.” With climate change and the fact that ur vegetatin is being affected because f climate change, it’s necessary t fcus n ur fuel reductin prgram.”
4．Hw d gats assist the city in dealing with wildfires?
A. By identifying the fuel in frests.B. By cnsuming dry plants.
C. By leading firefighters t fire surces.D. By eating up green tree leaves.
5．What can we say abut the new methd?
A. It is cmplex but rewarding.B. It causes damage t lcal land.
C. It is well accepted wrldwide.D. It is envirnmentally-friendly.
6．What can be learned frm Khari Helae’s wrds?
A. He spke highly f the new methd.
B. He was dissatisfied with fire respnses.
C. He was ptimistic abut climate change.
D. He cnsidered fuel reductin impractical.
7．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Gats Help Keep Wildfires Under Cntrl
B. Firefighters Are Being Gradually Replaced
C. Disastrus Wildfires Need t Be Cntrlled
D. Animals Are Fighting Against Climate Change
When yu start wrking n smething but dn’t finish it, thughts f the unfinished wrk cntinue t jump int yur mind even when yu’ve mved n t ther things. Psychlgists refer t this psychlgical phenmenn as the Zeigarnik effect. The effect was first bserved by a Russian psychlgist named Bluma Zeigarnik. While sitting in a busy restaurant in Vienna, she nted the waiters had better memries f unpaid rders. Once the bill was paid, hwever, the waiters had difficulty remembering the exact details f the rders.
In ne f her studies, participants were asked t cmplete simple tasks such as putting tgether puzzles, r slving math prblems. Half f the participants were interrupted halfway thrugh these tasks. After an hur-lng delay, Zeigarnik asked the participants t give an accunt f what they’d been wrking n. She discvered that thse wh had their wrk interrupted were twice as likely t remember what they had been ding as thse wh had actually cmpleted the tasks.
We can use this effect t ur advantage. Fr example, if yu’re struggling t memrize smething imprtant, mmentary interruptins might actually wrk t yur advantage. Rather than simply remember the infrmatin ver and ver again, review it several times and then take a break. While yu’re fcusing n ther things, yu’ll find yurself mentally returning t the infrmatin yu were studying.
We ften put ff tasks until the last mment, nly cmpleting them in a rush at the last pssible mment. Unfrtunately, this tendency can lead t heavy stress and even pr perfrmance. One way t vercme this is t put the Zeigarnik effect t wrk. Start by taking the first step, n matter hw small. Once yu’ve begun，but nt finished yur wrk, yu’ll find yurself thinking f the task until, at last, yu finish it. Yu might nt finish it all at nce, but each small step yu take puts yu clser t yur final gal.
8．What des the Zeigarnik effect refer t ?
A. Waiters tend t have gd memries.
B. Once interrupted, ne will frget things easily.
C. Mst peple can’t fcus n ne thing fr a lng time.
D. Peple remember unfinished tasks better than cmpleted nes.
9．What were all the participants required t d in the study?
A. Describe their tasks.B. Express their feelings.
C. Test their intelligence.D. Design simple activities.
10．Hw shuld we study accrding t the Zeigarnik effect?
A. Repeat ver and ver again.B. Divide up ur study sessin.
C. Fcus n several tasks at a time.D. Have enugh rest befre studying.
11．What’s the main idea f the last paragraph?
A. Hw t get rid f heavy stress.
B. Why we shuld set a final gal.
C. Hw t break the habit f delaying wrk.
D. Why we always cmplete tasks in a rush.
There seems t be a lt f talk these days abut what is fair, and what is nt. Mst peple tend t believe life shuld be fair. Sme f the 99% seem t believe life has smehw treated them unfairly, and sme f the 1% feel life hasn't treated them fairly enugh. My questins are these: What is fairness? Is life fair? Shuld life be fair?
We clearly have n chice abut hw we cme int this wrld. We have little chice early in life. But as we grw lder, chices abund. I have lng believed that while we have n cntrl ver the beginning f ur life, the majrity f us have the ability t influence the utcmes we attain. Fairness is a state f mind, and mst ften, an unhealthy state f mind. Our state in life cannt, r at least shuld nt, be blamed n ur parents, ur teachers, r ur sciety-it's largely based n the chices we make, and the attitudes we adpt.
Life is full f examples f the uneducated, the mentally and physically challenged peple brn int war-trn areas, wh culd have cmplained abut life being unfair, but wh instead chse a different path. Regardless f the challenges they faced, they had the character t chse cntributin ver cmplaint.
I agree that challenges exist. I agree that many have an uphill battle due t the severity f the challenges they face. What I disagree with is the attempt t use fairness t slve all prblems in the wrld. Rules and rders dn't create fairness, but peple's desire and determinatin can wrk arund mst life challenges.
It desn't matter whether yu are brn with a silver spn, plastic spn, r n spn at all. A friend f mine came t this cuntry frm Africa in his late teens, barely spke the language, drve a cab while wrking his way thrugh cllege, and is nw the president f at echnlgy services firm. Stries such as this are all arund us-they are nt miracles, n rare they the rare exceptin. They d, hwever, demnstrate blindness t the mindset f the fairness.
12．What des the underlined wrd “abund” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Change fully.B.Remain the same.
C.Exist in numbers. D. Disappear cmpletely.
13．What pinin des the writer agree with?
A. Mst f us can influence the results we achieve.
B. Our backgrund determines ur chices.
C. Peple's desire and determinatin create unfairness.
D. We shuld depend n fairness t slve all prblems.
14．What is the primary purpse f the text?
A. T prmte effrts ver cmplaint.
B. T stress the imprtance f fairness.
C. T share an inspiring stry f a friend.
D. T prve that fairness is a state f mind.
15．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.Fairness Is JusticeB. Life Is Nt Fair—Deal With It
C.Fairness Cmes FirstD.Fairness Creates Chances
二、七选五
16．Sme peple cry during mvies, while thers nly tear up fr very sad r happy mments. Smetimes, we even cry randmly. ①________ Each has its wn jb and flws frm yur tear ducts(泪腺) fr a different reasn.
②_______ But if yu tear up frequently fr n reasn, it might be a sign f a serius cnditin. If yu ntice that yu're crying every day during nrmal activities, yu may have depressin. If yu think yu have depressin, talk t yur dctr right away t find the right treatment fr yu.
If smene begins t cry in frnt f yu, yur reactin may cme frm the discmfrt yu feel in this situatin. Thugh yu may nt mean t, yur respnse culd cause the persn wh is crying t feel weak, embarrassed, r less understd. Instead f rushing t cheer a crier up r ffer immediate help, smetimes it's best t give a persn space t cry. ③________
If yu're arund smene wh is crying, respect their tears. Let them release(释放) their feelings and shw them yu care. Dn't rush t ffer advice r t say anything at all. Give them space t prcess and release their tears. ④______ Let them think and rganize their thughts. Accept the way they respnd in the mment. Dn't push them t feel a different way.
It's best nt t hld in emtins all the time. ⑤_______ If yu need t cntrl a cry, try t hld back yur tears just until yu're in a better place fr them. This way yu wn't suppress(压抑) yur emtins altgether.
A. Dn't talk t much.
B. We cry different types f tears.
C. Then hw can we deal with crying?
D. Crying can be nrmal in certain situatins.
E. Smetimes tears are needed t prcess emtin.
F. We shuld pay attentin t yur emtinal prblems.
G. Hwever, smetimes it's imprtant t hld back tears.
三、完形填空（15空）
The train had been lng delayed. Running ut f 1 , Andy put dwn his bk and lked ut. He fund the 2 at nce: it was raining hard.
He lay dwn and fell asleep but was sn wken up by a wman. She handed him his bag and 3 that it had slipped t the flr. He gratefully tk it back and pened it, 4 t see his mther’s scarf and sme sandwiches inside.
Andy’s thughts drifted(飘)t when he was 5 . His mther had insisted n putting her scarf in. “If it rains, it may get cld.” He remembered feeling 6 and had taken it ut. But it was still here.
7 Andy realized he was burning with fever. Feeling helpless, he called his mum. “Take a 8 I have put in medicine, just 9 ,” she suggested. Tuched by his mther’s 10 he tk the medicine and sn fell deep asleep in the 11 f the scarf.
Andy wke up later feeling much better. Then he nticed the wman,wh’d 12 him earlier, 13 hlding a baby in her arms, bth shaking. Their clthes did little against the cld wind.
Withut thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mther’s scarf arund the baby. T his 14 , the child sn fell asleep in the lve f nt ne, but tw 15 .
17．A. luckB. patienceC. timeD. energy
18．A. trainB. truthC. causeD. ntice
19．A. insistedB. explainedC. aplgizedD. admitted
20．A. surprisedB. readyC. thankfulD. expecting
21．A. checkingB. leavingC. planningD. packing
22．A. hurtB. annyedC. ashamedD. puzzled
23．A. LatelyB. FinallyC. SuddenlyD. Instantly
24．A. lkB. pillC. restD. sandwich
25．A. fr safetyB. n purpseC. in caseD. by accident
26．A. calmnessB. cnfidenceC. cmfrtD. care
27．A. warmthB. memryC. smellD. tuch
28．A. helpedB. pleasedC. disturbedD. greeted
29．A. cmfrtablyB. safelyC. gentlyD. tightly
30．A. reliefB. amazementC. mindD. advantage
31．A. armsB. scarfsC. passengersD. mthers
四、短文填空
32．Li Daiyu and her cusin Liu Qian went t Canada t visit their cusins in Halifax n the Atlantic cast. Befre starting ut, they spent a cuple f days in Vancuver, seeing the① _________ (sight). On the mrning f departure, the tw girls arse early② _________ (take) the train t Lake Luise, ③ _________ (pass) thrugh the Canadian Rckies. They spent the night, and then tk④ _________ cach bund nrth thrugh the Canadian Rckies t Jasper. Frm Jasper, they caught the train twards Trnt. One f the train’s first stps⑤ _________ (be) in Edmntn. Frm Edmntn, the train headed sutheast acrss the great Canadian Prairie. They went thrugh tw wheat-grwing prvinces, ⑥ _________ they saw a bunch f farms that cvered a very large area. After anther day n the train, ⑦ _________ (eventual) they were back in the city f Winnipeg. Frm there, they travelled thrugh the night, and wke up in Ontari.
The train⑧ _________ (thunder) n, thrugh the rlling hills. Night came again, and the train turned suth twards Trnt. When they wke up the next mrning, they culd see the wide stretch f Lake Hurn. It was nt until 9:30 a. m⑨ _________ they finally reached the capital f Ontari, Trnt. All in all, ⑩ _________ (they) trip frm Vancuver t Trnt had taken a duratin f fur days.
五、单词拼写
33．Snw s (怀疑) that the water pump was t blame. （根据中英文提示填空）
34．E (接触) t anther culture and its peple can give exchange students great insights int the wrld. (根据中英文提示填空)
35．Fresh air is f (基础的；根本的)t gd health. （根据中英文提示填空）
36．The results were c (相反的) t my expectatin. (根据中英文提示填空)
37．Peple were d (拼命地) seeking shelter frm the gunfire. (根据中英文提示填空)
38．The wrld has already ________(承诺) t establishing a Climate Adaptatin Fund. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
39．Mre effrts will be made t ensure their s .(安全) (根据中英文提示填空)
40．Children under 14 must be a (陪伴) by an adult. (根据中英文提示填空)
41．He ndded in a .(赞同) (根据中英文提示填空)
42．Yuan was c (相信) that the answer culd be fund in the creatin f hybrid rice. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
六、书面表达
43．假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jhn发来邮件，提到他对中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家，内容包括：
①科学家简介；
②主要成就；
③对你的影响。
注意：①词数80左右；
②可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jhn,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yurs,
Li Hua
七、读后续写
44．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
N matter hw small yu are, yu can als give help r supprt t thers. I didn't understand these wrds until I saw my grandfather weep that day.
I grew up in Suthern Califrnia, and my family ften went t Disneyland, Kntt's Berry Farm, and Sea Wrld. The highlight f thse park visits fr me was always the evening activities, when there wuld be firewrks.
As I grew lder and mre bservant, I nticed that my grandfather wuld g missing just befre the firewrks were scheduled t start and reappear shrtly after they finished. I asked my mther abut this and was tld that Grandpa didn't like t hear the nise f the explsins. They reminded him f the war and his fellws wh died in the war. S every time there was firewrks, he wuld g inside the bathrms until they were dne. I felt surprised because my grandfather was such a strng man.
One summer night, smewhere near my tenth birthday, my family and I exited a ride just in time t hear ver the ludspeakers, "In nly tw minutes, the lights will be turned ff arund the Rivers f America, and Disneyland will present their firewrks in the skies ver the park." At this mment, Grandpa was just in frnt f me, and when he heard the annuncement, he started jgging ahead withut a wrd t anyne. Withut really thinking, I tk ff after him, against the rders f my mther, wh repeatedly called after me t stay with the rest f the family. Grandpa, unaware that I was behind him, tried desperately t walk thrugh the masses f peple wh were stpped in the street waiting fr the shw t begin.
As he tried t reach the restrms, the first shell(烟花弹)brke in the skies abve us. Grandpa paused and lked up, just lking as if he had been hit by a sht. And then he kept mving frward. As shell after shell burst verhead, he struggled frward, and almst fell ver befre he culd sit nt a bench nearby.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Instantly, I went frward and was by his side.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the firewrks shw ended, he straightened suddenly and wiped the tears.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Vlunteer in Transylvania中的“In additin, yu can take yur unusual hliday experience even further by vlunteering in Eastern Eurpe’s largest bear reserve and wrking with bears. (此外，你可以在东欧最大的熊保护区做志愿者，并与熊一起工作，从而让你的不同寻常的假期体验更进一步。)”可知，作者建议游客在特兰西瓦尼亚旅行时去东欧最大的熊保护区做志愿者，帮忙照顾熊。故选D。
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Teach skiing in Austria中的“Yu’ll gain a qualificatin that is recgnized wrldwide, and this prgram includes a guaranteed paid instructr jb at a ski resrt nce yu have finished yur training. (你将获得一个世界公认的资格证书，这个项目包括一旦你完成培训，在滑雪场有一份带薪的教练工作。)”可知，在奥地利，你可以边旅行边赚钱。故选C。
3．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据Explre Tuscany n hrseback中的“Tuscany, ne f the best places in Eurpe t explre n hrseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. (托斯卡纳是欧洲骑马探险的最佳地点之一，游客数量急剧增加。)”可知，托斯卡纳是骑马度假的胜地之一，来这个地区游玩的游客数量激增。由此可推知，托斯卡纳的骑马度假越来越受欢迎。故选C。
4．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“The best strategy t battle the fires and minimize the damage is t attempt t remve the fuel that enables the spread f the flames, in this case the dry weeds, trees and plants. If the things that are mst likely t catch fire are gne, the fire is less likely t spread.(与火灾作斗争并将损失降至最低的最佳策略是试图移除使火焰蔓延的燃料，在这种情况下是干燥的杂草、树木和植物。如果最容易着火的东西都没有了，火势就不太可能蔓延。)”可知，山羊会吃掉可能会引发火灾的干枯的植物，从而防止野火发生。故选B。
5．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“They even fertilize(使肥沃)the area, a natural and free side effect f eating all thse dry plants.(它们甚至会给该地区施肥，这是食用所有这些干燥植物的自然而免费的副作用。)”可推断，这个方法对环境是有益的。故选D。
6．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。通读最后一段Khar Helae所说的话“Fr us, the cmbinatin f turning t gats fr help with the quick fire respnse is an effective methd f keeping ur neighbrs safe frm disastrus wildfires,(对我们来说，向山羊寻求帮助与快速火灾反应相结合，是保护我们的邻居免受灾难性野火伤害的有效方法，)”可知，Khar Heae认为将依靠山羊控制野火和快速应对野火相结合是一个有效的方法，面对气候变化，人类更应该着眼于减少火源。由此可推断，Khan Helae高度赞扬依靠山羊控制野火这一创新的方式。故选A。
7．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段“The city f West Sacrament in Nrth Califrnia has fund a creative secret weapn t help deal with this phenmenn: gats.(北加州西萨克拉门托市发现了一种创造性的秘密武器来帮助解决这一现象：山羊。)”可知，文章主要介绍了山羊是如何帮助控制野火的。所以“Gats Help Keep Wildfires Under Cntrl(山羊有助于控制野火)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
8．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中While sitting in a busy restaurant in Vienna, she nted the waiters had better memries f unpaid rders. Once the bill was paid, hwever, the waiters had difficulty remembering the exact details f the rders.(当她坐在维也纳一家繁忙的餐馆里时，她注意到服务员对未付订单有更好的记忆。 然而，一旦账单被支付，服务员就很难记住订单的确切细节。)和第二段的She discvered that thse wh had their wrk interrupted were twice as likely t remember what they had been ding as thse wh had actually cmpleted the tasks.(她发现，那些工作被打断的人比那些实际完成任务的人更有可能记住他们所做的事情)可推断，蔡加尼克效应指人们对于尚未处理完的事比已处理完成的事情印象更加深刻。故选D。
9．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的After an hur-lng delay, Zeigarnik asked the participants t give an accunt f what they’d been wrking n.可知，Zeigarnik要求参与者描述他们一直在做什么。故选A。
10．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的if yu’re struggling t memrize smething imprtant, mmentary interruptins might actually wrk t yur advantage. Rather than simple remember the infrmatin ver and ver again, review it several times and then take a break.（如果你在努力记住一些重要的东西，短暂的中断实际上可能对你有利。不是简单地一遍又一遍地记住信息，而是复习几遍，然后休息一下.） 可推断，我们应该分几个时间段学习。故选B。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段的One way t vercme this is t put the Zeigarnik effect t wrk.（克服这一问题的一种方法是使蔡加尼克效应发挥作用。 ）以及下文讲述的实施过程可知，本段主要告诉我们如何有效利用蔡加尼克效应来改善拖延症。故选C。
12．答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段前几句“We clearly have n chice abut hw we cme int this wrld. We have little chice early in life. But as we grw lder, chices abund.”可知,我们无法选择自己如何出生,早期生活也几乎没有选择。但是随着我们长大,我们有了很多选择。该段最后一句中的“it's largely based n the chices we make, and the attitudes we adpt”也说明我们可以做出很多选择。
13．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“the majrity f us have the ability t influence the utcmes we attain”可知,我们大多数人可以支配自己取得的结果。又根据第四段中的“What I disagree with is the attempt t use fairness t slve all prblems in the wrld.”可知,作者反对用公平解决一切问题。
14．答案：A
解析：写作意图题。综合全文,尤其是根据第三段中的“Regardless f the challenges they faced, they had the character t chse cntributin ver cmplaint.”可知,A项符合本文的写作目的。
15．答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“fairness is a state f mind, and mst ften, an unhealthy state f mind.”,第四段中的“What I disagree with is the attempt t use fairness t slve all prblems in the wrld.”和最后一段中的“They d, hwever, demnstrate blindness t the mindset f the fairness.”可知,作者反对一味追求公平,试图用公平解决所有问题的思维模式;再从文中最后一段第一句“It desn't matter whether yu are brn with a silver spn, plastic spn, r n spn at all.”可知,每个人的出生条件可能不一样,但作者用朋友的例子说明要直面生活中的不公平。
16．答案：①-⑤ BDEAG
解析：本文是一篇说明文。人们会因为不同的原因而流泪，在某些情况下，哭泣是正常的。但如果你经常无缘无故地流泪，这可能是一种病情严重的征兆。那么应该如何对待流泪呢？本文提出了一些行之有效的方法。
①根据上文"Sme peple cry during mvies, while thers nly tear up fr very sad r happy mments. Smetimes, we even cry randmly.(有些人会在看电影时哭泣，而有些人只会在非常悲伤或快乐的时候流泪。有时候，我们甚至会随意地哭泣)"以及后文"Each has its wn jb and flws frm yur tear ducts(泪腺) fr a different reasn.(每一种都有自己的功能，并且出于不同的原因从你的泪腺流出)"可知，空前讲有时候我们会莫名其妙地哭；空后讲每种(眼泪)都有自己的职责，并出于不同的原因从你的泪腺流出。故B项"我们会流出不同类型的眼泪"承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
②根据后文"But if yu tear up frequently fr n reasn, it might be a sign f a serius cnditin. If yu ntice that yu're crying every day during nrmal activities, yu may have depressin. If yu think yu have depressin, talk t yur dctr right away t find the right treatment fr yu.(但如果你无缘无故地频繁流泪，这可能是一种严重状况的迹象。如果你发现自己每天在正常活动时都在哭，你可能患有抑郁症。如果你认为自己患有抑郁症，请立即与你的医生交谈，以找到适合你的治疗方法)"可知，空后讲但如果你经常无缘无故地流泪，这可能是病情严重的一种征兆。如果你发现自己每天日常生活中都在哭泣，你可能患有抑郁症。故D项"在某些情况下，哭泣是正常的"引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
③根据上文"If smene begins t cry in frnt f yu, yur reactin may cme frm the discmfrt yu feel in this situatin. Thugh yu may nt mean t, yur respnse culd cause the persn wh is crying t feel weak, embarrassed, r less understd. Instead f rushing t cheer a crier up r ffer immediate help, smetimes it's best t give a persn space t cry.(如果有人开始在你面前哭，你的反应可能来自你在这种情况下感到的不适。虽然你可能不是故意的，但你的反应可能会让哭泣的人感到虚弱、尴尬或不太被理解。与其急于让哭泣的人振作起来或立即提供帮助，有时最好给一个人哭泣的空间)"可知，空前讲有时候，不要急着让一个哭的人高兴起来或立即提供帮助，最好给他哭的空间。故E项"有时候情绪是需要用眼泪来处理的"承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
④根据上文"If yu're arund smene wh is crying, respect their tears. Let them release(释放) their feelings and shw them yu care. Dn't rush t ffer advice r t say anything at all. Give them space t prcess and release their tears.(如果你身边有人正在哭泣，尊重他们的眼泪。让他们释放他们的感受，并表示你的关心。不要急于提出建议或说任何话。给他们处理和释放眼泪的空间)"以及后文"Let them think and rganize their thughts. Accept the way they respnd in the mment. Dn't push them t feel a different way.(让他们思考并组织自己的思想。接受他们当时的反应。不要强迫他们有不同的感觉)"可知，空前讲给他们空间来处理和缓解他们的眼泪；空后讲让他们思考和组织他们的想法。故A项"不要说太多话"承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
⑤根据上文"It's best nt t hld in emtins all the time.(最好不要一直压抑自己的情绪)"以及后文"If yu need t cntrl a cry, try t hld back yur tears just until yu're in a better place fr them. This way yu wn't suppress(压抑) yur emtins altgether.(如果你想控制自己的哭泣，试着忍住眼泪，直到你在一个更好的地方去面对它们。这样你就不会完全压抑自己的情绪)"可知，空前讲最好不要总是压抑(自己的)情绪；空后讲如果你需要控制哭泣，试着忍住眼泪，直到你找到更适合(哭泣)的地方。故G项"然而，有时候忍住眼泪是很重要的"承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
17．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：安迪忍无可忍，放下书往外看。A. luck幸运；B. patience耐心；C. time时间；D. energy精力。根据“The train had been lng delayed.”可知，因为火车耽搁了很久，所以安迪失去了耐心，放下书往外看。故选B。
18．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他马上就找到了原因：雨下得很大。A. train火车；B. truth事实；C. cause原因；D. ntice通知。根据“it was raining hard.”可知，安迪找到火车耽搁了很久的原因。故选C。
19．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把他的包递给他，并解释说它滑到了地上。A. insisted坚持；B. explained解释，说；C. aplgized道歉；D. admitted承认。根据“it had slipped t the flr.”可知，这位女士解释了递给安迪包的原因。故选B。
20．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他感激地把它拿了回来，打开一看，惊讶地发现里面是妈妈的围巾和一些三明治。A. surprised惊讶的；B. ready准备好的；C. thankful感激的；D. expecting期望。发现包里面是妈妈的围巾和一些三明治，安迪感到很惊讶。故选A。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪的思绪飘到了他收拾行李的时候。A. checking检查；B. leaving离开；C. planning计划；D. packing包装；收拾行李。根据“His mther had insisted n putting her scarf in.”可知，安迪离家前收拾行李。故选D。
22．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他记得当时很生气，就把它拿了出来。A. hurt受伤的；B. annyed恼怒的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据“and had taken it ut.”可知，安迪当时很生气。故选B。
23．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然安迪意识到自己发烧了。 A. Lately最近；B. Finally最后；C. Suddenly突然；D. Instantly立即地。根据“Andy realized he was burning with fever.”可知，安迪突然意识到自己发烧了。故选C。
24．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“吃一片我放在药里的药片，以防万一，”她建议道。A. lk看；B. pill药片；C. rest休息；D. sandwich三明治。根据“I have put in medicine,”可知，妈妈为安迪准备了感冒的药片。故选B。
25．答案：C
解析：考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：“吃一片我放在药里的药片，以防万一，”她建议道。A. fr safety为安全起见；B. n purpse故意；C. in case以防；D. by accident碰巧。妈妈为安迪准备好药，以防万一。故选C。
26．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被母亲的关怀感动了，吃了药，很快就在围巾的温暖中睡着了。A. calmness平静；B. cnfidence信心；C. cmfrt安慰；D. care关心。安迪被母亲的关怀感动了。故选D。
27．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被母亲的关怀感动了，吃了药，很快就在围巾的温暖中睡着了。A. warmth温暖；B. memry记忆；C. smell味道；D. tuch触摸。根据“and sn fell deep asleep”可知，安迪在妈妈温暖的围巾中睡着了。故选A。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他注意到那个早些时候帮过他的女人，紧紧地抱着一个婴儿，两个人都在发抖。 A. helped帮助；B. pleased使……高兴；C. disturbed打扰；D. greeted打招呼。那个女人帮助过安迪。故选A。
29．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，他注意到那个早些时候帮过他的女人，紧紧地抱着一个婴儿，两个人都在发抖。A. cmfrtably舒服地；B. safely安全地；C. gently温柔地；D. tightly紧紧地。根据“hlding a baby in her arms, bth shaking.”可知，因为寒冷，所以紧紧地抱着。故选D。
30．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他欣慰的是，孩子很快就在不是一个而是两个母亲的爱中睡着了。 A. relief欣慰；B. amazement惊讶；C. mind想法；D. advantage优势。孩子在温暖的围巾中睡着了，让安迪很欣慰。故选A。
31．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他欣慰的是，孩子很快就在不是一个而是两个母亲的爱中睡着了。A. arms手臂；B. scarfs围巾；C. passengers乘客；D. mthers母亲。根据“Withut thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mther’s scarf arund the baby.”可知，因为两位母亲的爱，孩子很快睡着了。故选D。
32．答案：①sights②t take③passing④a⑤was⑥where⑦eventually⑧thundered⑨that⑩their
解析：①考查名词复数。句意：出发前，他们在温哥华待了几天，看看风景。sight 在此处意为“风景”，应用复数形式表示泛指。故填sights。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：出发的那天早晨，两个女孩起得很早，准备乘火车穿过加拿大的落基山脉去路易斯湖。两个女孩早早起床的目的是赶火车，应用不定式短语作目的状语。故填t take。
③考查非谓语动词。句意：出发的那天早晨，两个女孩起得很早，准备乘火车穿过加拿大的落基山脉去路易斯湖。此处作状语，pass 与其逻辑主语 the tw girls 之间是主动关系，用现在分词符合题意。故填passing。
④考查冠词。句意：他们在那里住了一晚，然后乘长途汽车向北穿过加拿大落基山脉到达贾斯珀。cach 是可数名词，在短文中第一次出现，表泛指，且cach 的发音以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词 a。故填a。
⑤考查时态和主谓一致。句意：火车的第一站是埃德蒙顿。“ne f＋可数名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数。结合语境可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填 was。
⑥考查定语从句引导词。句意：他们经过了两个种植小麦的省份，在那里他们看到了一堆农场，覆盖了非常大的面积。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 prvinces，且设空处在从句中作地点状语，因此用 where引导定语从句。故填where。
⑦考查副词。句意：在火车上又坐了一天，他们终于回到了温尼伯市。设空处作状语，修饰其后的句子，应该用副词。故填eventually。
⑧考查时态。句意：火车隆隆前进，穿过起伏的山丘。根据语境可知，此处应该用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作，故填 thundered。
⑨考查强调句型。句意：直到上午九点半，他们才终于到达安大略省的首府多伦多。此处为 nt until 的强调句型，故填 that。
⑩考查代词。句意：总的来说，他们从温哥华到多伦多的旅程花了四天时间。设空处作定语，修饰 trip，因此应该用形容词性物主代词，故填 their。
33．答案： suspected
解析：考查动词时态。句意：斯诺怀疑应该由水泵负责。 根据句意和汉语提示以及首字母提示，应填suspect“怀疑”作谓语，由was可知，that引导宾语从句使用一般过去时，句子描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填suspected。
34．答案： Expsure
解析：考查名词。句意：接触另一种文化及其人民可以让交换生对世界有深刻的见解。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“接触”应用expsure，为不可数名词，在本句中作主语，且放于句首时首字母应大写。故填Expsure。
35．答案：fundamental
解析：考查形容词。句意：新鲜的空气是健康的基础。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，形容词fundamental符合题意，作表语。故填fundamental。
36．答案：cntrary
解析：考查形容词。句意：结果和我的期望相反。be动词后跟形容词，作表语，根据首字母和名词提示，“相反的”是cntrary。故填cntrary。
37．答案：desperately
解析：考查副词。句意：人们拼命地躲避炮火。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“拼命地”应用desperately，为副词，在本句中作状语修饰动词seeking 。故填desperately。
38．答案：cmmitted
解析：根据句意及has already可知，该句为现在完成时态，且根据汉语提示"承诺"，可知用cmmit，与主语The wrld"世界"之间为主动关系，所以cmmit用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时态的主动语态。故填：cmmitted。
39．答案：security
解析：考查名词。句意：将作出更多努力确保他们的安全。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“安全”应用security，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填security。
40．答案：accmpanied
解析：考查动词语态。句意：14岁以下儿童必须有成人陪同。根据汉语提示“陪伴，陪同”可知应填动词accmpany，作谓语，children和accmpany是被动关系，且must be加动词过去分词表示被动。故填accmpanied。
41．答案：apprval
解析：考查名词。句意：他点头表示赞同。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词apprval，作宾语。故填apprval。
42．答案：cnvinced
解析：考查形容词。句意：袁隆平相信，答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填形容词cnvinced，作表语。故填cnvinced。
43．答案：Dear Jhn,
I’d like t intrduce my favrite scientist t yu. He is Qian Xuesen, a patritic, utstanding and gifted scientist.
Initially, Qian Xuesen studied Railway Mechanical Engineering, but after the Snghu Battle brke ut, he shifted his majr t aviatin t defend his cuntry. In 1955, he returned frm America t China and was in charge f China’s space and missile prgramme. Under his leadership, China made steady prgress in aerspace and aviatin. He made great cntributins t the develpment f China’s aerspace.
Qian Xuesen devted all his life t science and he will inspire me t fllw my dream.
Sincerely yurs,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
出色的：utstanding→excellent
鼓舞：inspire→cultivate
追求：fllw→pursue
贡献：devte→cntribute
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：He is Qian Xuesen, a patritic, utstanding and gifted scientist.
拓展句：He is Qian Xuesen, wh is a patritic, utstanding and gifted scientist.
[高分句型1] Initially, Qian Xuesen studied Railway Mechanical Engineering, but after the Snghu Battle brke ut, he shifted his majr t aviatin t defend his cuntry. (运用了after引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Qian Xuesen devted all his life t science and he will inspire me t fllw my dream. (运用了and连接并列句)
44．答案：
Para 1:
Instantly, I went frward and was by his side. And when he lked up at me in surprise, I saw fear n a face that had nly shwn strength and kindness befre. I grasped his hand in mine. It was trembling and seemed suddenly much weaker than I remembered. Grandpa sunk int my arms. His breath was labred and quick, and he wept sundlessly. I kept perfectly still and didn’t say a wrd. Absrbed in the shw, n ne nticed us n that bench as we sat fr what seemed like hurs... a child supprting a grwn man.
Para 2:
When the firewrks shw ended, he straightened suddenly and wiped the tears. He calmed himself fr just a mment, and then put his arm arund me and said, “ Thanks, child. ” Secnds later, he was n his feet, declaring that we shuld find the thers and leading me int the crwd by the hand. I nce again felt his strng hand. Walking thrugh the crwds, I knew that I ught t never mentin this t anyne. At the same time, I realized that everyne can ffer help and supprt t thers hwever little he is.
解析：
本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了作者的祖父害怕放烟火的爆炸声,这会让他想起战争和在战争中死去的战友。作者在十岁生日的一个晚上,跟着躲避烟花的祖父跑,安慰了哭泣的祖父,这件事让作者意识到,每个人都可以提供帮助和支持别人,无论他年纪多么小。【详解】1.段落续写:①由第一段首句内容“我立刻走到他身边。”可知,第一段可描写作者安慰祖父的详细过程。②由第二段首句内容“烟花表演结束时,他突然直起腰来擦眼泪。”可知,第二段可描写祖父感谢作者以及作者的感悟。2.续写线索:走到祖父身边——祖父无声哭泣——二人欣赏烟花——祖父感谢作者——作者感悟3.词汇激活行为类牵手:grasp ne’s hand/ hld ne’s hand提供:ffer /prvide应该:ught t / be suppsed t情绪类惊讶地:in surprise/in amazement有力的:strng /pwerful【点睛】[高分句型1] And when he lked up at me in surprise, I saw fear n a face that had nly shwn strength and kindness befre. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)[高分句型2] Walking thrugh the crwds, I knew that I ught t never mentin this t anyne. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
一、阅读理解
Tday’s mdern travelers are jurneying further t explre Eurpe ff the beaten track, and bringing hme new skills and experience. Here are 4 ideas fr an unusual hliday in Eurpe.
Vlunteer in Transylvania
Transylvania is a tp chice fr an unusual Eurpean city break, with wnderfully preserved medieval(中世纪的) twns and castles that inspired the famus nvel Dracula. In additin, yu can take yur unusual hliday experience even further by vlunteering in Eastern Eurpe’s largest bear reserve and wrking with bears.
Teach skiing in Austria
Austria is ne f Eurpe’s tp skiing destinatins. If yu’re lking fr a mre unusual way t spend winter hliday, why nt cnsider training t be a ski instructr there? Yu’ll gain a qualificatin that is recgnized wrldwide, and this prgram includes a guaranteed paid instructr jb at a ski resrt nce yu have finished yur training.
G diving in Spain
Fr a Eurpean hliday with a difference, take part in a plastic cleanup prject based in Barcelna, help t empty plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and make a difference as yu travel. This vlunteer prject cmbines diving with cllecting plastic r ther waste frm the water, alngside giving yu the chance t explre the city.
Explre Tuscany n hrseback
Tuscany, ne f the best places in Eurpe t explre n hrseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. There are varius activities that cmbine sightseeing with basic hrse riding lessns and yu can stay in Renaissance villas(文艺复兴风格的别墅)and farmhuses. Yu dn’t need t have any experience fr hrse riding hlidays, and they are a brilliant alternative t yur typical guided tur.
1．What des the authr suggest ding in Transylvania?
A. Visiting its mdern buildings.B. Finding a jb in the castle.
C. Reading the nvel Dracula.D. Helping t care fr bears.
2．Where can yu earn mney while traveling?
A. Transylvania.B. Tuscany.C. Austria.D. Spain.
3．What d we knw abut hrse riding hlidays in Tuscany?
A. They suit experienced riders.B. They are unique t Tuscany.
C. They are grwing in ppularity.D. They feature a typical guided tur.
Lcal authrities and firefighters in the United States are always n the lkut fr new and creative methds t help cntrl wildfires. Especially during the ht and dry summer mnths, thusands f wildfires cause damage t frests every year. The city f West Sacrament in Nrth Califrnia has fund a creative secret weapn t help deal with this phenmenn: gats.
These friendly animals have been assisting the city with wildfire preventin and fire risks by eating weeds, dry grass and dead trees. When the gats eat the things that are likely t catch fire, they prevent the prblem frm happening.
Wildfires ccur naturally when dry plants are ignited(点燃)by the sun’s heat and catch n fire. Hwever, mst wildfires are caused by human carelessness, including unattended campfires, cigarettes and ther flammable bjects. The best strategy t battle the fires and minimize the damage is t attempt t remve the fuel that enables the spread f the flames, in this case the dry weeds, trees and plants. If the things that are mst likely t catch fire are gne, the fire is less likely t spread.
The lve able gats are able t reach difficult areas that peple are nt able t access. Abut 400 f these gats can clear tw acres per day. They even fertilize(使肥沃)the area, a natural and free side effect f eating all thse dry plants. Firefighters and gvernment fficials cannt be happier with the results.
“Fr us, the cmbinatin f turning t gats fr help with the quick fire respnse is an effective methd f keeping ur neighbrs safe frm disastrus wildfires,“said assistant Fire Chief Khari Helae.” With climate change and the fact that ur vegetatin is being affected because f climate change, it’s necessary t fcus n ur fuel reductin prgram.”
4．Hw d gats assist the city in dealing with wildfires?
A. By identifying the fuel in frests.B. By cnsuming dry plants.
C. By leading firefighters t fire surces.D. By eating up green tree leaves.
5．What can we say abut the new methd?
A. It is cmplex but rewarding.B. It causes damage t lcal land.
C. It is well accepted wrldwide.D. It is envirnmentally-friendly.
6．What can be learned frm Khari Helae’s wrds?
A. He spke highly f the new methd.
B. He was dissatisfied with fire respnses.
C. He was ptimistic abut climate change.
D. He cnsidered fuel reductin impractical.
7．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Gats Help Keep Wildfires Under Cntrl
B. Firefighters Are Being Gradually Replaced
C. Disastrus Wildfires Need t Be Cntrlled
D. Animals Are Fighting Against Climate Change
When yu start wrking n smething but dn’t finish it, thughts f the unfinished wrk cntinue t jump int yur mind even when yu’ve mved n t ther things. Psychlgists refer t this psychlgical phenmenn as the Zeigarnik effect. The effect was first bserved by a Russian psychlgist named Bluma Zeigarnik. While sitting in a busy restaurant in Vienna, she nted the waiters had better memries f unpaid rders. Once the bill was paid, hwever, the waiters had difficulty remembering the exact details f the rders.
In ne f her studies, participants were asked t cmplete simple tasks such as putting tgether puzzles, r slving math prblems. Half f the participants were interrupted halfway thrugh these tasks. After an hur-lng delay, Zeigarnik asked the participants t give an accunt f what they’d been wrking n. She discvered that thse wh had their wrk interrupted were twice as likely t remember what they had been ding as thse wh had actually cmpleted the tasks.
We can use this effect t ur advantage. Fr example, if yu’re struggling t memrize smething imprtant, mmentary interruptins might actually wrk t yur advantage. Rather than simply remember the infrmatin ver and ver again, review it several times and then take a break. While yu’re fcusing n ther things, yu’ll find yurself mentally returning t the infrmatin yu were studying.
We ften put ff tasks until the last mment, nly cmpleting them in a rush at the last pssible mment. Unfrtunately, this tendency can lead t heavy stress and even pr perfrmance. One way t vercme this is t put the Zeigarnik effect t wrk. Start by taking the first step, n matter hw small. Once yu’ve begun，but nt finished yur wrk, yu’ll find yurself thinking f the task until, at last, yu finish it. Yu might nt finish it all at nce, but each small step yu take puts yu clser t yur final gal.
8．What des the Zeigarnik effect refer t ?
A. Waiters tend t have gd memries.
B. Once interrupted, ne will frget things easily.
C. Mst peple can’t fcus n ne thing fr a lng time.
D. Peple remember unfinished tasks better than cmpleted nes.
9．What were all the participants required t d in the study?
A. Describe their tasks.B. Express their feelings.
C. Test their intelligence.D. Design simple activities.
10．Hw shuld we study accrding t the Zeigarnik effect?
A. Repeat ver and ver again.B. Divide up ur study sessin.
C. Fcus n several tasks at a time.D. Have enugh rest befre studying.
11．What’s the main idea f the last paragraph?
A. Hw t get rid f heavy stress.
B. Why we shuld set a final gal.
C. Hw t break the habit f delaying wrk.
D. Why we always cmplete tasks in a rush.
There seems t be a lt f talk these days abut what is fair, and what is nt. Mst peple tend t believe life shuld be fair. Sme f the 99% seem t believe life has smehw treated them unfairly, and sme f the 1% feel life hasn't treated them fairly enugh. My questins are these: What is fairness? Is life fair? Shuld life be fair?
We clearly have n chice abut hw we cme int this wrld. We have little chice early in life. But as we grw lder, chices abund. I have lng believed that while we have n cntrl ver the beginning f ur life, the majrity f us have the ability t influence the utcmes we attain. Fairness is a state f mind, and mst ften, an unhealthy state f mind. Our state in life cannt, r at least shuld nt, be blamed n ur parents, ur teachers, r ur sciety-it's largely based n the chices we make, and the attitudes we adpt.
Life is full f examples f the uneducated, the mentally and physically challenged peple brn int war-trn areas, wh culd have cmplained abut life being unfair, but wh instead chse a different path. Regardless f the challenges they faced, they had the character t chse cntributin ver cmplaint.
I agree that challenges exist. I agree that many have an uphill battle due t the severity f the challenges they face. What I disagree with is the attempt t use fairness t slve all prblems in the wrld. Rules and rders dn't create fairness, but peple's desire and determinatin can wrk arund mst life challenges.
It desn't matter whether yu are brn with a silver spn, plastic spn, r n spn at all. A friend f mine came t this cuntry frm Africa in his late teens, barely spke the language, drve a cab while wrking his way thrugh cllege, and is nw the president f at echnlgy services firm. Stries such as this are all arund us-they are nt miracles, n rare they the rare exceptin. They d, hwever, demnstrate blindness t the mindset f the fairness.
12．What des the underlined wrd “abund” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Change fully.B.Remain the same.
C.Exist in numbers. D. Disappear cmpletely.
13．What pinin des the writer agree with?
A. Mst f us can influence the results we achieve.
B. Our backgrund determines ur chices.
C. Peple's desire and determinatin create unfairness.
D. We shuld depend n fairness t slve all prblems.
14．What is the primary purpse f the text?
A. T prmte effrts ver cmplaint.
B. T stress the imprtance f fairness.
C. T share an inspiring stry f a friend.
D. T prve that fairness is a state f mind.
15．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.Fairness Is JusticeB. Life Is Nt Fair—Deal With It
C.Fairness Cmes FirstD.Fairness Creates Chances
二、七选五
16．Sme peple cry during mvies, while thers nly tear up fr very sad r happy mments. Smetimes, we even cry randmly. ①________ Each has its wn jb and flws frm yur tear ducts(泪腺) fr a different reasn.
②_______ But if yu tear up frequently fr n reasn, it might be a sign f a serius cnditin. If yu ntice that yu're crying every day during nrmal activities, yu may have depressin. If yu think yu have depressin, talk t yur dctr right away t find the right treatment fr yu.
If smene begins t cry in frnt f yu, yur reactin may cme frm the discmfrt yu feel in this situatin. Thugh yu may nt mean t, yur respnse culd cause the persn wh is crying t feel weak, embarrassed, r less understd. Instead f rushing t cheer a crier up r ffer immediate help, smetimes it's best t give a persn space t cry. ③________
If yu're arund smene wh is crying, respect their tears. Let them release(释放) their feelings and shw them yu care. Dn't rush t ffer advice r t say anything at all. Give them space t prcess and release their tears. ④______ Let them think and rganize their thughts. Accept the way they respnd in the mment. Dn't push them t feel a different way.
It's best nt t hld in emtins all the time. ⑤_______ If yu need t cntrl a cry, try t hld back yur tears just until yu're in a better place fr them. This way yu wn't suppress(压抑) yur emtins altgether.
A. Dn't talk t much.
B. We cry different types f tears.
C. Then hw can we deal with crying?
D. Crying can be nrmal in certain situatins.
E. Smetimes tears are needed t prcess emtin.
F. We shuld pay attentin t yur emtinal prblems.
G. Hwever, smetimes it's imprtant t hld back tears.
三、完形填空（15空）
The train had been lng delayed. Running ut f 1 , Andy put dwn his bk and lked ut. He fund the 2 at nce: it was raining hard.
He lay dwn and fell asleep but was sn wken up by a wman. She handed him his bag and 3 that it had slipped t the flr. He gratefully tk it back and pened it, 4 t see his mther’s scarf and sme sandwiches inside.
Andy’s thughts drifted(飘)t when he was 5 . His mther had insisted n putting her scarf in. “If it rains, it may get cld.” He remembered feeling 6 and had taken it ut. But it was still here.
7 Andy realized he was burning with fever. Feeling helpless, he called his mum. “Take a 8 I have put in medicine, just 9 ,” she suggested. Tuched by his mther’s 10 he tk the medicine and sn fell deep asleep in the 11 f the scarf.
Andy wke up later feeling much better. Then he nticed the wman,wh’d 12 him earlier, 13 hlding a baby in her arms, bth shaking. Their clthes did little against the cld wind.
Withut thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mther’s scarf arund the baby. T his 14 , the child sn fell asleep in the lve f nt ne, but tw 15 .
17．A. luckB. patienceC. timeD. energy
18．A. trainB. truthC. causeD. ntice
19．A. insistedB. explainedC. aplgizedD. admitted
20．A. surprisedB. readyC. thankfulD. expecting
21．A. checkingB. leavingC. planningD. packing
22．A. hurtB. annyedC. ashamedD. puzzled
23．A. LatelyB. FinallyC. SuddenlyD. Instantly
24．A. lkB. pillC. restD. sandwich
25．A. fr safetyB. n purpseC. in caseD. by accident
26．A. calmnessB. cnfidenceC. cmfrtD. care
27．A. warmthB. memryC. smellD. tuch
28．A. helpedB. pleasedC. disturbedD. greeted
29．A. cmfrtablyB. safelyC. gentlyD. tightly
30．A. reliefB. amazementC. mindD. advantage
31．A. armsB. scarfsC. passengersD. mthers
四、短文填空
32．Li Daiyu and her cusin Liu Qian went t Canada t visit their cusins in Halifax n the Atlantic cast. Befre starting ut, they spent a cuple f days in Vancuver, seeing the① _________ (sight). On the mrning f departure, the tw girls arse early② _________ (take) the train t Lake Luise, ③ _________ (pass) thrugh the Canadian Rckies. They spent the night, and then tk④ _________ cach bund nrth thrugh the Canadian Rckies t Jasper. Frm Jasper, they caught the train twards Trnt. One f the train’s first stps⑤ _________ (be) in Edmntn. Frm Edmntn, the train headed sutheast acrss the great Canadian Prairie. They went thrugh tw wheat-grwing prvinces, ⑥ _________ they saw a bunch f farms that cvered a very large area. After anther day n the train, ⑦ _________ (eventual) they were back in the city f Winnipeg. Frm there, they travelled thrugh the night, and wke up in Ontari.
The train⑧ _________ (thunder) n, thrugh the rlling hills. Night came again, and the train turned suth twards Trnt. When they wke up the next mrning, they culd see the wide stretch f Lake Hurn. It was nt until 9:30 a. m⑨ _________ they finally reached the capital f Ontari, Trnt. All in all, ⑩ _________ (they) trip frm Vancuver t Trnt had taken a duratin f fur days.
五、单词拼写
33．Snw s (怀疑) that the water pump was t blame. （根据中英文提示填空）
34．E (接触) t anther culture and its peple can give exchange students great insights int the wrld. (根据中英文提示填空)
35．Fresh air is f (基础的；根本的)t gd health. （根据中英文提示填空）
36．The results were c (相反的) t my expectatin. (根据中英文提示填空)
37．Peple were d (拼命地) seeking shelter frm the gunfire. (根据中英文提示填空)
38．The wrld has already ________(承诺) t establishing a Climate Adaptatin Fund. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
39．Mre effrts will be made t ensure their s .(安全) (根据中英文提示填空)
40．Children under 14 must be a (陪伴) by an adult. (根据中英文提示填空)
41．He ndded in a .(赞同) (根据中英文提示填空)
42．Yuan was c (相信) that the answer culd be fund in the creatin f hybrid rice. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
六、书面表达
43．假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jhn发来邮件，提到他对中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家，内容包括：
①科学家简介；
②主要成就；
③对你的影响。
注意：①词数80左右；
②可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jhn,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yurs,
Li Hua
七、读后续写
44．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
N matter hw small yu are, yu can als give help r supprt t thers. I didn't understand these wrds until I saw my grandfather weep that day.
I grew up in Suthern Califrnia, and my family ften went t Disneyland, Kntt's Berry Farm, and Sea Wrld. The highlight f thse park visits fr me was always the evening activities, when there wuld be firewrks.
As I grew lder and mre bservant, I nticed that my grandfather wuld g missing just befre the firewrks were scheduled t start and reappear shrtly after they finished. I asked my mther abut this and was tld that Grandpa didn't like t hear the nise f the explsins. They reminded him f the war and his fellws wh died in the war. S every time there was firewrks, he wuld g inside the bathrms until they were dne. I felt surprised because my grandfather was such a strng man.
One summer night, smewhere near my tenth birthday, my family and I exited a ride just in time t hear ver the ludspeakers, "In nly tw minutes, the lights will be turned ff arund the Rivers f America, and Disneyland will present their firewrks in the skies ver the park." At this mment, Grandpa was just in frnt f me, and when he heard the annuncement, he started jgging ahead withut a wrd t anyne. Withut really thinking, I tk ff after him, against the rders f my mther, wh repeatedly called after me t stay with the rest f the family. Grandpa, unaware that I was behind him, tried desperately t walk thrugh the masses f peple wh were stpped in the street waiting fr the shw t begin.
As he tried t reach the restrms, the first shell(烟花弹)brke in the skies abve us. Grandpa paused and lked up, just lking as if he had been hit by a sht. And then he kept mving frward. As shell after shell burst verhead, he struggled frward, and almst fell ver befre he culd sit nt a bench nearby.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Instantly, I went frward and was by his side.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the firewrks shw ended, he straightened suddenly and wiped the tears.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Vlunteer in Transylvania中的“In additin, yu can take yur unusual hliday experience even further by vlunteering in Eastern Eurpe’s largest bear reserve and wrking with bears. (此外，你可以在东欧最大的熊保护区做志愿者，并与熊一起工作，从而让你的不同寻常的假期体验更进一步。)”可知，作者建议游客在特兰西瓦尼亚旅行时去东欧最大的熊保护区做志愿者，帮忙照顾熊。故选D。
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Teach skiing in Austria中的“Yu’ll gain a qualificatin that is recgnized wrldwide, and this prgram includes a guaranteed paid instructr jb at a ski resrt nce yu have finished yur training. (你将获得一个世界公认的资格证书，这个项目包括一旦你完成培训，在滑雪场有一份带薪的教练工作。)”可知，在奥地利，你可以边旅行边赚钱。故选C。
3．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据Explre Tuscany n hrseback中的“Tuscany, ne f the best places in Eurpe t explre n hrseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. (托斯卡纳是欧洲骑马探险的最佳地点之一，游客数量急剧增加。)”可知，托斯卡纳是骑马度假的胜地之一，来这个地区游玩的游客数量激增。由此可推知，托斯卡纳的骑马度假越来越受欢迎。故选C。
4．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“The best strategy t battle the fires and minimize the damage is t attempt t remve the fuel that enables the spread f the flames, in this case the dry weeds, trees and plants. If the things that are mst likely t catch fire are gne, the fire is less likely t spread.(与火灾作斗争并将损失降至最低的最佳策略是试图移除使火焰蔓延的燃料，在这种情况下是干燥的杂草、树木和植物。如果最容易着火的东西都没有了，火势就不太可能蔓延。)”可知，山羊会吃掉可能会引发火灾的干枯的植物，从而防止野火发生。故选B。
5．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“They even fertilize(使肥沃)the area, a natural and free side effect f eating all thse dry plants.(它们甚至会给该地区施肥，这是食用所有这些干燥植物的自然而免费的副作用。)”可推断，这个方法对环境是有益的。故选D。
6．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。通读最后一段Khar Helae所说的话“Fr us, the cmbinatin f turning t gats fr help with the quick fire respnse is an effective methd f keeping ur neighbrs safe frm disastrus wildfires,(对我们来说，向山羊寻求帮助与快速火灾反应相结合，是保护我们的邻居免受灾难性野火伤害的有效方法，)”可知，Khar Heae认为将依靠山羊控制野火和快速应对野火相结合是一个有效的方法，面对气候变化，人类更应该着眼于减少火源。由此可推断，Khan Helae高度赞扬依靠山羊控制野火这一创新的方式。故选A。
7．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段“The city f West Sacrament in Nrth Califrnia has fund a creative secret weapn t help deal with this phenmenn: gats.(北加州西萨克拉门托市发现了一种创造性的秘密武器来帮助解决这一现象：山羊。)”可知，文章主要介绍了山羊是如何帮助控制野火的。所以“Gats Help Keep Wildfires Under Cntrl(山羊有助于控制野火)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
8．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中While sitting in a busy restaurant in Vienna, she nted the waiters had better memries f unpaid rders. Once the bill was paid, hwever, the waiters had difficulty remembering the exact details f the rders.(当她坐在维也纳一家繁忙的餐馆里时，她注意到服务员对未付订单有更好的记忆。 然而，一旦账单被支付，服务员就很难记住订单的确切细节。)和第二段的She discvered that thse wh had their wrk interrupted were twice as likely t remember what they had been ding as thse wh had actually cmpleted the tasks.(她发现，那些工作被打断的人比那些实际完成任务的人更有可能记住他们所做的事情)可推断，蔡加尼克效应指人们对于尚未处理完的事比已处理完成的事情印象更加深刻。故选D。
9．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的After an hur-lng delay, Zeigarnik asked the participants t give an accunt f what they’d been wrking n.可知，Zeigarnik要求参与者描述他们一直在做什么。故选A。
10．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的if yu’re struggling t memrize smething imprtant, mmentary interruptins might actually wrk t yur advantage. Rather than simple remember the infrmatin ver and ver again, review it several times and then take a break.（如果你在努力记住一些重要的东西，短暂的中断实际上可能对你有利。不是简单地一遍又一遍地记住信息，而是复习几遍，然后休息一下.） 可推断，我们应该分几个时间段学习。故选B。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段的One way t vercme this is t put the Zeigarnik effect t wrk.（克服这一问题的一种方法是使蔡加尼克效应发挥作用。 ）以及下文讲述的实施过程可知，本段主要告诉我们如何有效利用蔡加尼克效应来改善拖延症。故选C。
12．答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段前几句“We clearly have n chice abut hw we cme int this wrld. We have little chice early in life. But as we grw lder, chices abund.”可知,我们无法选择自己如何出生,早期生活也几乎没有选择。但是随着我们长大,我们有了很多选择。该段最后一句中的“it's largely based n the chices we make, and the attitudes we adpt”也说明我们可以做出很多选择。
13．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“the majrity f us have the ability t influence the utcmes we attain”可知,我们大多数人可以支配自己取得的结果。又根据第四段中的“What I disagree with is the attempt t use fairness t slve all prblems in the wrld.”可知,作者反对用公平解决一切问题。
14．答案：A
解析：写作意图题。综合全文,尤其是根据第三段中的“Regardless f the challenges they faced, they had the character t chse cntributin ver cmplaint.”可知,A项符合本文的写作目的。
15．答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“fairness is a state f mind, and mst ften, an unhealthy state f mind.”,第四段中的“What I disagree with is the attempt t use fairness t slve all prblems in the wrld.”和最后一段中的“They d, hwever, demnstrate blindness t the mindset f the fairness.”可知,作者反对一味追求公平,试图用公平解决所有问题的思维模式;再从文中最后一段第一句“It desn't matter whether yu are brn with a silver spn, plastic spn, r n spn at all.”可知,每个人的出生条件可能不一样,但作者用朋友的例子说明要直面生活中的不公平。
16．答案：①-⑤ BDEAG
解析：本文是一篇说明文。人们会因为不同的原因而流泪，在某些情况下，哭泣是正常的。但如果你经常无缘无故地流泪，这可能是一种病情严重的征兆。那么应该如何对待流泪呢？本文提出了一些行之有效的方法。
①根据上文"Sme peple cry during mvies, while thers nly tear up fr very sad r happy mments. Smetimes, we even cry randmly.(有些人会在看电影时哭泣，而有些人只会在非常悲伤或快乐的时候流泪。有时候，我们甚至会随意地哭泣)"以及后文"Each has its wn jb and flws frm yur tear ducts(泪腺) fr a different reasn.(每一种都有自己的功能，并且出于不同的原因从你的泪腺流出)"可知，空前讲有时候我们会莫名其妙地哭；空后讲每种(眼泪)都有自己的职责，并出于不同的原因从你的泪腺流出。故B项"我们会流出不同类型的眼泪"承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
②根据后文"But if yu tear up frequently fr n reasn, it might be a sign f a serius cnditin. If yu ntice that yu're crying every day during nrmal activities, yu may have depressin. If yu think yu have depressin, talk t yur dctr right away t find the right treatment fr yu.(但如果你无缘无故地频繁流泪，这可能是一种严重状况的迹象。如果你发现自己每天在正常活动时都在哭，你可能患有抑郁症。如果你认为自己患有抑郁症，请立即与你的医生交谈，以找到适合你的治疗方法)"可知，空后讲但如果你经常无缘无故地流泪，这可能是病情严重的一种征兆。如果你发现自己每天日常生活中都在哭泣，你可能患有抑郁症。故D项"在某些情况下，哭泣是正常的"引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
③根据上文"If smene begins t cry in frnt f yu, yur reactin may cme frm the discmfrt yu feel in this situatin. Thugh yu may nt mean t, yur respnse culd cause the persn wh is crying t feel weak, embarrassed, r less understd. Instead f rushing t cheer a crier up r ffer immediate help, smetimes it's best t give a persn space t cry.(如果有人开始在你面前哭，你的反应可能来自你在这种情况下感到的不适。虽然你可能不是故意的，但你的反应可能会让哭泣的人感到虚弱、尴尬或不太被理解。与其急于让哭泣的人振作起来或立即提供帮助，有时最好给一个人哭泣的空间)"可知，空前讲有时候，不要急着让一个哭的人高兴起来或立即提供帮助，最好给他哭的空间。故E项"有时候情绪是需要用眼泪来处理的"承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
④根据上文"If yu're arund smene wh is crying, respect their tears. Let them release(释放) their feelings and shw them yu care. Dn't rush t ffer advice r t say anything at all. Give them space t prcess and release their tears.(如果你身边有人正在哭泣，尊重他们的眼泪。让他们释放他们的感受，并表示你的关心。不要急于提出建议或说任何话。给他们处理和释放眼泪的空间)"以及后文"Let them think and rganize their thughts. Accept the way they respnd in the mment. Dn't push them t feel a different way.(让他们思考并组织自己的思想。接受他们当时的反应。不要强迫他们有不同的感觉)"可知，空前讲给他们空间来处理和缓解他们的眼泪；空后讲让他们思考和组织他们的想法。故A项"不要说太多话"承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
⑤根据上文"It's best nt t hld in emtins all the time.(最好不要一直压抑自己的情绪)"以及后文"If yu need t cntrl a cry, try t hld back yur tears just until yu're in a better place fr them. This way yu wn't suppress(压抑) yur emtins altgether.(如果你想控制自己的哭泣，试着忍住眼泪，直到你在一个更好的地方去面对它们。这样你就不会完全压抑自己的情绪)"可知，空前讲最好不要总是压抑(自己的)情绪；空后讲如果你需要控制哭泣，试着忍住眼泪，直到你找到更适合(哭泣)的地方。故G项"然而，有时候忍住眼泪是很重要的"承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
17．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：安迪忍无可忍，放下书往外看。A. luck幸运；B. patience耐心；C. time时间；D. energy精力。根据“The train had been lng delayed.”可知，因为火车耽搁了很久，所以安迪失去了耐心，放下书往外看。故选B。
18．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他马上就找到了原因：雨下得很大。A. train火车；B. truth事实；C. cause原因；D. ntice通知。根据“it was raining hard.”可知，安迪找到火车耽搁了很久的原因。故选C。
19．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把他的包递给他，并解释说它滑到了地上。A. insisted坚持；B. explained解释，说；C. aplgized道歉；D. admitted承认。根据“it had slipped t the flr.”可知，这位女士解释了递给安迪包的原因。故选B。
20．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他感激地把它拿了回来，打开一看，惊讶地发现里面是妈妈的围巾和一些三明治。A. surprised惊讶的；B. ready准备好的；C. thankful感激的；D. expecting期望。发现包里面是妈妈的围巾和一些三明治，安迪感到很惊讶。故选A。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪的思绪飘到了他收拾行李的时候。A. checking检查；B. leaving离开；C. planning计划；D. packing包装；收拾行李。根据“His mther had insisted n putting her scarf in.”可知，安迪离家前收拾行李。故选D。
22．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他记得当时很生气，就把它拿了出来。A. hurt受伤的；B. annyed恼怒的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据“and had taken it ut.”可知，安迪当时很生气。故选B。
23．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然安迪意识到自己发烧了。 A. Lately最近；B. Finally最后；C. Suddenly突然；D. Instantly立即地。根据“Andy realized he was burning with fever.”可知，安迪突然意识到自己发烧了。故选C。
24．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“吃一片我放在药里的药片，以防万一，”她建议道。A. lk看；B. pill药片；C. rest休息；D. sandwich三明治。根据“I have put in medicine,”可知，妈妈为安迪准备了感冒的药片。故选B。
25．答案：C
解析：考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：“吃一片我放在药里的药片，以防万一，”她建议道。A. fr safety为安全起见；B. n purpse故意；C. in case以防；D. by accident碰巧。妈妈为安迪准备好药，以防万一。故选C。
26．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被母亲的关怀感动了，吃了药，很快就在围巾的温暖中睡着了。A. calmness平静；B. cnfidence信心；C. cmfrt安慰；D. care关心。安迪被母亲的关怀感动了。故选D。
27．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被母亲的关怀感动了，吃了药，很快就在围巾的温暖中睡着了。A. warmth温暖；B. memry记忆；C. smell味道；D. tuch触摸。根据“and sn fell deep asleep”可知，安迪在妈妈温暖的围巾中睡着了。故选A。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他注意到那个早些时候帮过他的女人，紧紧地抱着一个婴儿，两个人都在发抖。 A. helped帮助；B. pleased使……高兴；C. disturbed打扰；D. greeted打招呼。那个女人帮助过安迪。故选A。
29．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，他注意到那个早些时候帮过他的女人，紧紧地抱着一个婴儿，两个人都在发抖。A. cmfrtably舒服地；B. safely安全地；C. gently温柔地；D. tightly紧紧地。根据“hlding a baby in her arms, bth shaking.”可知，因为寒冷，所以紧紧地抱着。故选D。
30．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他欣慰的是，孩子很快就在不是一个而是两个母亲的爱中睡着了。 A. relief欣慰；B. amazement惊讶；C. mind想法；D. advantage优势。孩子在温暖的围巾中睡着了，让安迪很欣慰。故选A。
31．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他欣慰的是，孩子很快就在不是一个而是两个母亲的爱中睡着了。A. arms手臂；B. scarfs围巾；C. passengers乘客；D. mthers母亲。根据“Withut thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mther’s scarf arund the baby.”可知，因为两位母亲的爱，孩子很快睡着了。故选D。
32．答案：①sights②t take③passing④a⑤was⑥where⑦eventually⑧thundered⑨that⑩their
解析：①考查名词复数。句意：出发前，他们在温哥华待了几天，看看风景。sight 在此处意为“风景”，应用复数形式表示泛指。故填sights。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：出发的那天早晨，两个女孩起得很早，准备乘火车穿过加拿大的落基山脉去路易斯湖。两个女孩早早起床的目的是赶火车，应用不定式短语作目的状语。故填t take。
③考查非谓语动词。句意：出发的那天早晨，两个女孩起得很早，准备乘火车穿过加拿大的落基山脉去路易斯湖。此处作状语，pass 与其逻辑主语 the tw girls 之间是主动关系，用现在分词符合题意。故填passing。
④考查冠词。句意：他们在那里住了一晚，然后乘长途汽车向北穿过加拿大落基山脉到达贾斯珀。cach 是可数名词，在短文中第一次出现，表泛指，且cach 的发音以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词 a。故填a。
⑤考查时态和主谓一致。句意：火车的第一站是埃德蒙顿。“ne f＋可数名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数。结合语境可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填 was。
⑥考查定语从句引导词。句意：他们经过了两个种植小麦的省份，在那里他们看到了一堆农场，覆盖了非常大的面积。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 prvinces，且设空处在从句中作地点状语，因此用 where引导定语从句。故填where。
⑦考查副词。句意：在火车上又坐了一天，他们终于回到了温尼伯市。设空处作状语，修饰其后的句子，应该用副词。故填eventually。
⑧考查时态。句意：火车隆隆前进，穿过起伏的山丘。根据语境可知，此处应该用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作，故填 thundered。
⑨考查强调句型。句意：直到上午九点半，他们才终于到达安大略省的首府多伦多。此处为 nt until 的强调句型，故填 that。
⑩考查代词。句意：总的来说，他们从温哥华到多伦多的旅程花了四天时间。设空处作定语，修饰 trip，因此应该用形容词性物主代词，故填 their。
33．答案： suspected
解析：考查动词时态。句意：斯诺怀疑应该由水泵负责。 根据句意和汉语提示以及首字母提示，应填suspect“怀疑”作谓语，由was可知，that引导宾语从句使用一般过去时，句子描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填suspected。
34．答案： Expsure
解析：考查名词。句意：接触另一种文化及其人民可以让交换生对世界有深刻的见解。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“接触”应用expsure，为不可数名词，在本句中作主语，且放于句首时首字母应大写。故填Expsure。
35．答案：fundamental
解析：考查形容词。句意：新鲜的空气是健康的基础。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，形容词fundamental符合题意，作表语。故填fundamental。
36．答案：cntrary
解析：考查形容词。句意：结果和我的期望相反。be动词后跟形容词，作表语，根据首字母和名词提示，“相反的”是cntrary。故填cntrary。
37．答案：desperately
解析：考查副词。句意：人们拼命地躲避炮火。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“拼命地”应用desperately，为副词，在本句中作状语修饰动词seeking 。故填desperately。
38．答案：cmmitted
解析：根据句意及has already可知，该句为现在完成时态，且根据汉语提示"承诺"，可知用cmmit，与主语The wrld"世界"之间为主动关系，所以cmmit用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时态的主动语态。故填：cmmitted。
39．答案：security
解析：考查名词。句意：将作出更多努力确保他们的安全。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“安全”应用security，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填security。
40．答案：accmpanied
解析：考查动词语态。句意：14岁以下儿童必须有成人陪同。根据汉语提示“陪伴，陪同”可知应填动词accmpany，作谓语，children和accmpany是被动关系，且must be加动词过去分词表示被动。故填accmpanied。
41．答案：apprval
解析：考查名词。句意：他点头表示赞同。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词apprval，作宾语。故填apprval。
42．答案：cnvinced
解析：考查形容词。句意：袁隆平相信，答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填形容词cnvinced，作表语。故填cnvinced。
43．答案：Dear Jhn,
I’d like t intrduce my favrite scientist t yu. He is Qian Xuesen, a patritic, utstanding and gifted scientist.
Initially, Qian Xuesen studied Railway Mechanical Engineering, but after the Snghu Battle brke ut, he shifted his majr t aviatin t defend his cuntry. In 1955, he returned frm America t China and was in charge f China’s space and missile prgramme. Under his leadership, China made steady prgress in aerspace and aviatin. He made great cntributins t the develpment f China’s aerspace.
Qian Xuesen devted all his life t science and he will inspire me t fllw my dream.
Sincerely yurs,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
出色的：utstanding→excellent
鼓舞：inspire→cultivate
追求：fllw→pursue
贡献：devte→cntribute
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：He is Qian Xuesen, a patritic, utstanding and gifted scientist.
拓展句：He is Qian Xuesen, wh is a patritic, utstanding and gifted scientist.
[高分句型1] Initially, Qian Xuesen studied Railway Mechanical Engineering, but after the Snghu Battle brke ut, he shifted his majr t aviatin t defend his cuntry. (运用了after引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Qian Xuesen devted all his life t science and he will inspire me t fllw my dream. (运用了and连接并列句)
44．答案：
Para 1:
Instantly, I went frward and was by his side. And when he lked up at me in surprise, I saw fear n a face that had nly shwn strength and kindness befre. I grasped his hand in mine. It was trembling and seemed suddenly much weaker than I remembered. Grandpa sunk int my arms. His breath was labred and quick, and he wept sundlessly. I kept perfectly still and didn’t say a wrd. Absrbed in the shw, n ne nticed us n that bench as we sat fr what seemed like hurs... a child supprting a grwn man.
Para 2:
When the firewrks shw ended, he straightened suddenly and wiped the tears. He calmed himself fr just a mment, and then put his arm arund me and said, “ Thanks, child. ” Secnds later, he was n his feet, declaring that we shuld find the thers and leading me int the crwd by the hand. I nce again felt his strng hand. Walking thrugh the crwds, I knew that I ught t never mentin this t anyne. At the same time, I realized that everyne can ffer help and supprt t thers hwever little he is.
解析：
本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了作者的祖父害怕放烟火的爆炸声,这会让他想起战争和在战争中死去的战友。作者在十岁生日的一个晚上,跟着躲避烟花的祖父跑,安慰了哭泣的祖父,这件事让作者意识到,每个人都可以提供帮助和支持别人,无论他年纪多么小。【详解】1.段落续写:①由第一段首句内容“我立刻走到他身边。”可知,第一段可描写作者安慰祖父的详细过程。②由第二段首句内容“烟花表演结束时,他突然直起腰来擦眼泪。”可知,第二段可描写祖父感谢作者以及作者的感悟。2.续写线索:走到祖父身边——祖父无声哭泣——二人欣赏烟花——祖父感谢作者——作者感悟3.词汇激活行为类牵手:grasp ne’s hand/ hld ne’s hand提供:ffer /prvide应该:ught t / be suppsed t情绪类惊讶地:in surprise/in amazement有力的:strng /pwerful【点睛】[高分句型1] And when he lked up at me in surprise, I saw fear n a face that had nly shwn strength and kindness befre. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)[高分句型2] Walking thrugh the crwds, I knew that I ught t never mentin this t anyne. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
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