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七年级英语下第7单元单词翻译及知识点
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这是一份七年级英语下第7单元单词翻译及知识点，共16页。
Unit 7 Abilities一、单词：ability n. 能力believe vt. 相信believe it or not 信不信由你look out 留神，当心seat n. 座位send vt. 发送；邮寄even adv. 甚至able adj. 能，能够pay vi. &vt.付费pay for 为……付款notebook n. 笔记本raise vt. 募集brave adj. 勇敢的save vt.救，救助save from 从……中救出smoke n. 烟，烟雾 vi. &vt. 吸（烟），抽（烟）next door adv. 在隔壁badly adv. 严重地，厉害地hurt adj.受伤的 vt. &vi. 使受伤，伤害；疼could modal v.（can的过去式）可以，能，会pour vt. 倾倒protect vt. 保护rush vi.冲，奔wet adj. 湿的；未干的；有雨的blanket n. 毯子fireman n. （pl.firemen）消防员put out 扑灭burn vt. &vi. 烧伤；烧moment n. 时刻；片刻，瞬间nod vi. &vt. 点头careful adj. 仔细的，认真的；小心的reporter n. 记者news n. 新闻, 消息newspaper n. 报纸match n. 火柴rubbish n. 垃圾，废弃物bin n. 垃圾箱by the way 顺便问一下，顺便说说camera n. 照相机no problem 没问题X-ray n. X光，X射线term n.学期hard adv. 努力地；费力地article n. 文章careless adj. 粗心的piano n. 钢琴do well in ……做得好better adv. （well的比较级）较好，更好violin n. 小提琴at the age of 在……岁时show vt. 教；演示；展示sir n. 先生madam n. 女士；夫人recommend vt. 推荐award n.奖；奖品；奖金part n. 部分take part in 参加need n. （食物、钱等的）短缺，缺乏lose vt. 迷失；丢失before conj.到……为止；在……之前hear from 收到……的来信do someone’s best 尽某人最大努力try someone’s best 尽某人最大努力lose someone’s way 迷路Yours faithfully （用于书信结尾签名前）你忠实的二、课文翻译：Comic strip– I’m Superdog, Hobo!我是一只超狗，荷布！– How cool!好酷啊！– I can fly!我可以飞！– You?你？– Believe it or not!信不信！– Look out, Eddie!小心，艾迪。– See. You can’t fly, Eddie.看吧，你不能飞，埃迪。ReadingWhat a brave young man! 多勇敢的一个年轻人！Lin Tao is 20 years old.He was brave enough to save this neighbour from a fire.林涛二十岁。他足够勇敢把他的邻居从大火里救了出来。On 10 May, Lin Tao was at home alone.Suddenly, he heard someone shouting ‘Fire! Fire!Help! ‘ He ran outside and saw a lot of smoke from next door.He went in and found his neighbour, the 79-year-old Mrs. Sun, in the kitchen.Her left leg was badly hurt and she could not get out.5月10日，林涛自己在家。突然，他听到外面大喊“着火了！着火了！救命呀！” 他跑了出去，看到隔壁冒出很多烟。他进去，发现他的邻居，79岁的孙女士在厨房里。她的左腿伤得很严重，她出不来。Lin Tao quickly ran to Mrs Sun’s bathroom.He poured water over his clothes to protect himself.Then he rushed into the kitchen.There was heavy smoke and the fire was very hot.He put a wet blanket over Mrs Sun and helped her out.Later some firemen came and put out the fire.林涛快速跑进孙奶奶的浴室。往他的衣服上倒上水，保护自己。然后他冲进厨房。烟雾很重，火非常热。他用一条湿毛毯盖住孙奶奶，帮助她逃了出来。后来一些消防员赶来扑灭了火。The fire burnt Lin Tao’s arms, neck and face. He was in hospital for two weeks.Many people visited him and gave him flowers and presents.”How brave you are!” they said.”Were you afraid at that moment?”大火烧伤了林涛的胳膊、脖子和脸。他在医院住了2个月。很多人来探望他并买来鲜花和礼物送给他。“你好勇敢！！”他们说。“那时候你害怕吗？“Yes, a little.” Lin Tao nodded, “but I didn’t have time to think about it. Mrs Sun needed my help.”“是的，有一点，”林涛点头道，“但是我没有时间考虑这个。孙奶奶需要我的帮助。”“Fire is very dangerous. We should be careful with it,” he also said.“火很危险。我们都应该很小心，”林涛补充道。TaskDear Sir/Madam, 亲爱的先生/女士：I would like to recommend Daniel for this year’s Youth Star Award.Daniel is a clever boy. He learns things quickly.He can use the computers well.When he is free, he often helps at the Helping Hands Club and does most of the computer work for the club.我想推荐丹尼尔获得今年的青年奖。丹尼尔是一个聪明的男孩。他学东西十分快。他计算机用的很好。当他有空的时候，他经常在“援助之手”俱乐部帮忙，俱乐部的大部分电脑工作都是他做的。Daniel always thinks carefully when he works.He plans everything well.He is a member of our Project Hope group and often takes part in activities like collecting clothes and books for children in need.丹尼尔工作时考虑的非常仔细。他细心计划每件事情。他是我们“希望工程”小组的成员，经常参加为需要帮助的孩子募捐衣服和书籍的活动。Daniel is really kind. Last week, a 5-year-old boy lost his way and cried in the street.Daniel saw him and took him to the police station.He stayed with the boy and played with him for two hours before the boy’s parents came.丹尼尔真的很善良。上周，一名五岁的男孩迷了路，在街道上哭。丹尼尔看见他，把他带到了警察局。在男孩的父母到来之前，丹尼尔和男孩儿一起等、一起玩了两个小时。All the members at the Helping Hands Club think that Daniel should get the award.We look forward to hearing from you soon.“援助之手”俱乐部的所有成员都认为丹尼尔应该获得这个奖项。我们盼望尽快收到你的来信。Yours faithfully,Wu Bing. 您忠实的，吴兵三、重要知识点【词汇精讲】1. can/ could/ may（1）can是最常用的情态动词，其后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式为 can’t。can可以表示能力，表示现在的能力时用 can,表示过去的能力时用could，could的否定式是 couldn’t。例如：I can run fast.我能跑得快。She can speak Japanese.她会说日语。He could ride a bike when he was six.他六岁时就会骑自行车。【注意】be able to也可以表能力，can在表示“能力”时可与 be able to互换使用，be able to有更多的时态，常被用来表示 can所不能表示的将来时或完成时。例如：They will be able to run the machine on their own in three months. 三个月后，他们能自己操作这台机器。（2）can/could/may可以表示请求和许可。could比can语气更加的委婉，更有礼貌。may比较正式。例如：Can I read your newspaper?我可以看一下你的报纸吗？You can put your bike here.你可以把自行车放在这里。Could you lend me your bike?你能把自行车借给我吗？May I use your computer?我可以用一你的电脑吗？（3）can/could/may可以谈论可能性。She may go to the fashion show on Sunday.星期天她可能要去参加时装展。Fire can be dangerous if we are not careful.如果我们不小心，火可能是危险的。It was snowing in Canada. We could go skiing there.加拿大在下雪，我们可以在那里滑雪。2. look out（1）look out意为“留神，当心，小心”，多用于口语中，用来提醒人们注意当前的危险状态或不安全的场所及事物。相当于 take care/ be careful,常常单独使用。例如：Look out! There is danger ahead.当心！前面有危险。Look out! The water is too deep.当心！水太深了。Look out!/Take care！/ Be careful! There is a car coming.当心！来了一辆汽车。（2）look out后接其它介词时，要带宾语。常见的有：look out at意为“向外看……“；look out of意为“朝……外看”。例如：We look out at the beach and the sea.我们朝外看沙滩和大海。Don’t look out of the window.不要朝窗外看。3. take part intake part in和 join，join in都有参加的意思。具体用法如下：（1）take part in指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用，有时与 join in互换。例如：I didn’t take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill.我没有参加昨天的运动会，因为我病了。（2）join指加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，以及参军等，并成为其中一员。例如：I joined the army in 1996.我是1996年参军的。（3）join in指参加某项比赛或活动，常用于口语中，也可用于join sb. in (doing) sth.意为“加入……（做）……”。例如：May I join in the football match?我可以参加这场足球比赛吗？4. lose (one’s way)lose动词，意为“迷失，丢失”。lose one’s way意为“迷路”，相当于 get lost；lose one’shome意为“失去家园”。例如：The boy got lost. = The boy lost his way.那个男孩迷路了。The flood made thousands of people lose their homes.洪水使成千上万的人失去了家园。【拓展】lost是lose的形容词，意为“走失的，迷路的，失散的”或者“丢失的，遗失的”；常与系动词 be或者 get连用，表示“丢失，走失，迷路”，也经常用于名词前作定语修饰名词。例如：My keys are lost again.我的钥匙又丢了。a lost child 走丢了的孩子a lost watch被人遗失的手表5. do well indo well in意为“…做得好”，后接名词、代词或 v-ing形式。be good at是 do well in的同意词组，在句子中常可以互换。它们的反义词组是 be poor at / be weak in意为“在……方面差”。例如：She is good at Chinese. = She does well in Chinese.她擅长语文。He is poor at (weak in) math.他数学学得不好。6. try / do one’s besttry one’s best意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，相当于 do one’s best。例如：We should try / do our best to work.我们应该尽最大努力去工作。【拓展】常见的由 try构成的其它词组：try (not) to do sth.努力（不）做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事try out实验try on试穿（鞋、衣服等）例如：I try to answer the question.我尽力回答这个问题。He tried swimming across the river.他试着游过河去。She is trying on a new dress.她正在试穿一件新连衣裙。7. smoke（1）smoke作名词，意为“烟，烟雾”。例如：I open the window to let the smoke out.我打开窗户让烟出去。There is smoke without fire.无风不起浪。（2）smoke作动词，意为“吸烟，冒烟”。例如：After class, he went out to smoke a cigarette.下课后，他出去抽了支烟。The fireplace smokes badly.这壁炉冒烟太多。8. put output out是一个及物动词短语，意为“扑灭，熄灭”。例如：Far water does not put out near fire.远水救不了近火。It’s too dark. Don’t put out the light.天太黑了，不要把灯火熄灭。【拓展】常见的其他和 put相关的词组：put on穿上put down把……放下，记下put away把……收好put up挂起，举起put off推迟，延期例如：Put your coat on, please.请把外套穿上。The bus put down some passengers.几位乘客下了公共汽车。Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今日事今日毕。Put your toys away.把你的玩具收好。Put up your hands, please.请举手。9. seatseat作名词，意为“座位”，作动词时是及物动词，意为“坐下，使就座”。例如：Are there enough seats for everyone?座位够吗？I seated myself at my desk.我在书桌旁坐下。【拓展】sit和 seat的辨析：二者均可表示“坐”，sit是不及物动词，主语是人；seat是及物动词，主语是人时，表示“使……坐下”，宾语常是反身代词；主语是处所时，表示“能坐多少人”。例如：She sits alone in her room.她独自坐在房间里。Our classroom can seat fifty students.我们教室能坐 50个学生。10. hurt（1）hurt作动词，意为“使受伤，伤害，疼”，其过去式为 hurt。例如：My head hurts.我头痛。He fell off the truck and hurt his leg.他从卡车上掉下来，伤了腿。（2）hurt可以作形容词，意为“受伤的”。例如：This man needs a doctor, he’s badly hurt.这个人需要看医生，他伤的很严重。（3）hurt还可以作名词，意为“伤害”。例如：This failure is a great hurt to me.这次失败对我来说是很大的伤害。【句式精讲】1. We can send some to them.send是及物动词，意为“寄，发送”，过去式和过去分词都是 sent，其后能接双宾语，即send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb.意为“送给（寄给）某人某物，动词 send后可接双宾语。例如：He sent me a postcard. = He sent a postcard to me.他寄给我一张明信片。【拓展】动词接双宾语时，有两种结构：（1）动词 +间接宾语(sb.) +直接宾语(sth.)（2）动词 +直接宾语(sth.) +介词(for/to) +间接宾语(sb.)能接双宾语的动词可分为两类：（1）常用介词 to的动词有：send; give; show; bring; show; teach; tell等。例如：give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.（2）常用介词 for的动词有：buy; sing; make; cook; get等。例如：buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb.show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.2. He is brave enough to save a neighbour from a fire.save意为“保存、储存、挽救、节省”等意思。save…from…意为“从……中救出……”。save one’s life意为“救某人的命，帮某人大忙”。例如：The man saved a boy from the river yesterday.昨天那个人从河中救出了一个男孩。He saved the boy’s life.他救了那个男孩的命。How do you save the document?你如何保存这个文件？The boy saves money to buy a pen.那个男孩攒钱买钢笔。The police saved the girl’s life.警察救了那个女孩的命。3. Some families are not able to pay for pens and notebooks.pay…for意为“为……付款”，在句中常见的结构形式有：（1）pay sb. money for sth.意为“付钱（给某人）买……。例如：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要付给他们 20英镑的房租。（2）pay for sth.付……的钱。例如：I have to pay for the lost book.不得不赔丢失的书款。（3）pay for sb.意为“替某人付钱”。例如：They pay us every month.他们每个月给我们报酬。4. What…和 How…引导的感叹句感叹句是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。感叹句一般用how或者what开头，句末加感叹号。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。具体句式如下：（1）what引导的感叹句：1）What a(an)＋形容词＋可数名词的单数形式＋主语＋谓语！What a clever boy he is！多么聪明的小男孩啊！2）What＋形容词＋可数名词的复数形式＋主语＋谓语！What interesting books the children are reading!孩子们读的书多么有趣啊！3）What＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！What cold weather it is ！多冷的天！（2）how引导的感叹句：1）How＋形容词或副词＋主语＋谓语！How lovely the baby is！这孩子真可爱！（lovely为形容词）How fast he runs!他跑地多快啊！（fast为副词）2） How＋形容词＋a(an)＋可数名词的单数形式＋主语＋谓语！How heavy a box they are carrying!3）How＋主语＋谓语！他们抬的箱子多重啊！How time flies!时间过得多快！5. hear sb. doing sth.（1）hear sb. doing sth.意为“听到某人正在做某事”，表示动作正在发生或进行。例如：Can you hear him singing in the room?你听到他正在房间里唱歌吗？When I was walking on the road, heard a girl shouting.当我正走在路上时，听见了一个女孩在喊。（2）hear sb. do sth.意为“听见某人做某事”，通常是指听到的全过程或者强调某事经常发生。例如：Let’s hear him sing a song for us.让我们听他为我们唱首歌。We often heard him sing the song last year.去年我们经常听他唱这首歌。【拓展】除 hear外，其他感官动词，如 look（看），see（看到），notice（注意到），watch（看），listen（听）等，也有类似用法，即表示习惯性动作时，后接动词原形作宾补；表示正在进行的动作时，后接-ing形式作宾补。例如：I saw Li Ming playing near the river on my way home.在我回家路上，我看见李明正在河边玩。She watched the children play table tennis.她看孩子们打乒乓球。I noticed the man leaving the house.我注意到那人离开这栋房子。
Unit 7 Abilities一、单词：ability n. 能力believe vt. 相信believe it or not 信不信由你look out 留神，当心seat n. 座位send vt. 发送；邮寄even adv. 甚至able adj. 能，能够pay vi. &vt.付费pay for 为……付款notebook n. 笔记本raise vt. 募集brave adj. 勇敢的save vt.救，救助save from 从……中救出smoke n. 烟，烟雾 vi. &vt. 吸（烟），抽（烟）next door adv. 在隔壁badly adv. 严重地，厉害地hurt adj.受伤的 vt. &vi. 使受伤，伤害；疼could modal v.（can的过去式）可以，能，会pour vt. 倾倒protect vt. 保护rush vi.冲，奔wet adj. 湿的；未干的；有雨的blanket n. 毯子fireman n. （pl.firemen）消防员put out 扑灭burn vt. &vi. 烧伤；烧moment n. 时刻；片刻，瞬间nod vi. &vt. 点头careful adj. 仔细的，认真的；小心的reporter n. 记者news n. 新闻, 消息newspaper n. 报纸match n. 火柴rubbish n. 垃圾，废弃物bin n. 垃圾箱by the way 顺便问一下，顺便说说camera n. 照相机no problem 没问题X-ray n. X光，X射线term n.学期hard adv. 努力地；费力地article n. 文章careless adj. 粗心的piano n. 钢琴do well in ……做得好better adv. （well的比较级）较好，更好violin n. 小提琴at the age of 在……岁时show vt. 教；演示；展示sir n. 先生madam n. 女士；夫人recommend vt. 推荐award n.奖；奖品；奖金part n. 部分take part in 参加need n. （食物、钱等的）短缺，缺乏lose vt. 迷失；丢失before conj.到……为止；在……之前hear from 收到……的来信do someone’s best 尽某人最大努力try someone’s best 尽某人最大努力lose someone’s way 迷路Yours faithfully （用于书信结尾签名前）你忠实的二、课文翻译：Comic strip– I’m Superdog, Hobo!我是一只超狗，荷布！– How cool!好酷啊！– I can fly!我可以飞！– You?你？– Believe it or not!信不信！– Look out, Eddie!小心，艾迪。– See. You can’t fly, Eddie.看吧，你不能飞，埃迪。ReadingWhat a brave young man! 多勇敢的一个年轻人！Lin Tao is 20 years old.He was brave enough to save this neighbour from a fire.林涛二十岁。他足够勇敢把他的邻居从大火里救了出来。On 10 May, Lin Tao was at home alone.Suddenly, he heard someone shouting ‘Fire! Fire!Help! ‘ He ran outside and saw a lot of smoke from next door.He went in and found his neighbour, the 79-year-old Mrs. Sun, in the kitchen.Her left leg was badly hurt and she could not get out.5月10日，林涛自己在家。突然，他听到外面大喊“着火了！着火了！救命呀！” 他跑了出去，看到隔壁冒出很多烟。他进去，发现他的邻居，79岁的孙女士在厨房里。她的左腿伤得很严重，她出不来。Lin Tao quickly ran to Mrs Sun’s bathroom.He poured water over his clothes to protect himself.Then he rushed into the kitchen.There was heavy smoke and the fire was very hot.He put a wet blanket over Mrs Sun and helped her out.Later some firemen came and put out the fire.林涛快速跑进孙奶奶的浴室。往他的衣服上倒上水，保护自己。然后他冲进厨房。烟雾很重，火非常热。他用一条湿毛毯盖住孙奶奶，帮助她逃了出来。后来一些消防员赶来扑灭了火。The fire burnt Lin Tao’s arms, neck and face. He was in hospital for two weeks.Many people visited him and gave him flowers and presents.”How brave you are!” they said.”Were you afraid at that moment?”大火烧伤了林涛的胳膊、脖子和脸。他在医院住了2个月。很多人来探望他并买来鲜花和礼物送给他。“你好勇敢！！”他们说。“那时候你害怕吗？“Yes, a little.” Lin Tao nodded, “but I didn’t have time to think about it. Mrs Sun needed my help.”“是的，有一点，”林涛点头道，“但是我没有时间考虑这个。孙奶奶需要我的帮助。”“Fire is very dangerous. We should be careful with it,” he also said.“火很危险。我们都应该很小心，”林涛补充道。TaskDear Sir/Madam, 亲爱的先生/女士：I would like to recommend Daniel for this year’s Youth Star Award.Daniel is a clever boy. He learns things quickly.He can use the computers well.When he is free, he often helps at the Helping Hands Club and does most of the computer work for the club.我想推荐丹尼尔获得今年的青年奖。丹尼尔是一个聪明的男孩。他学东西十分快。他计算机用的很好。当他有空的时候，他经常在“援助之手”俱乐部帮忙，俱乐部的大部分电脑工作都是他做的。Daniel always thinks carefully when he works.He plans everything well.He is a member of our Project Hope group and often takes part in activities like collecting clothes and books for children in need.丹尼尔工作时考虑的非常仔细。他细心计划每件事情。他是我们“希望工程”小组的成员，经常参加为需要帮助的孩子募捐衣服和书籍的活动。Daniel is really kind. Last week, a 5-year-old boy lost his way and cried in the street.Daniel saw him and took him to the police station.He stayed with the boy and played with him for two hours before the boy’s parents came.丹尼尔真的很善良。上周，一名五岁的男孩迷了路，在街道上哭。丹尼尔看见他，把他带到了警察局。在男孩的父母到来之前，丹尼尔和男孩儿一起等、一起玩了两个小时。All the members at the Helping Hands Club think that Daniel should get the award.We look forward to hearing from you soon.“援助之手”俱乐部的所有成员都认为丹尼尔应该获得这个奖项。我们盼望尽快收到你的来信。Yours faithfully,Wu Bing. 您忠实的，吴兵三、重要知识点【词汇精讲】1. can/ could/ may（1）can是最常用的情态动词，其后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式为 can’t。can可以表示能力，表示现在的能力时用 can,表示过去的能力时用could，could的否定式是 couldn’t。例如：I can run fast.我能跑得快。She can speak Japanese.她会说日语。He could ride a bike when he was six.他六岁时就会骑自行车。【注意】be able to也可以表能力，can在表示“能力”时可与 be able to互换使用，be able to有更多的时态，常被用来表示 can所不能表示的将来时或完成时。例如：They will be able to run the machine on their own in three months. 三个月后，他们能自己操作这台机器。（2）can/could/may可以表示请求和许可。could比can语气更加的委婉，更有礼貌。may比较正式。例如：Can I read your newspaper?我可以看一下你的报纸吗？You can put your bike here.你可以把自行车放在这里。Could you lend me your bike?你能把自行车借给我吗？May I use your computer?我可以用一你的电脑吗？（3）can/could/may可以谈论可能性。She may go to the fashion show on Sunday.星期天她可能要去参加时装展。Fire can be dangerous if we are not careful.如果我们不小心，火可能是危险的。It was snowing in Canada. We could go skiing there.加拿大在下雪，我们可以在那里滑雪。2. look out（1）look out意为“留神，当心，小心”，多用于口语中，用来提醒人们注意当前的危险状态或不安全的场所及事物。相当于 take care/ be careful,常常单独使用。例如：Look out! There is danger ahead.当心！前面有危险。Look out! The water is too deep.当心！水太深了。Look out!/Take care！/ Be careful! There is a car coming.当心！来了一辆汽车。（2）look out后接其它介词时，要带宾语。常见的有：look out at意为“向外看……“；look out of意为“朝……外看”。例如：We look out at the beach and the sea.我们朝外看沙滩和大海。Don’t look out of the window.不要朝窗外看。3. take part intake part in和 join，join in都有参加的意思。具体用法如下：（1）take part in指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用，有时与 join in互换。例如：I didn’t take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill.我没有参加昨天的运动会，因为我病了。（2）join指加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，以及参军等，并成为其中一员。例如：I joined the army in 1996.我是1996年参军的。（3）join in指参加某项比赛或活动，常用于口语中，也可用于join sb. in (doing) sth.意为“加入……（做）……”。例如：May I join in the football match?我可以参加这场足球比赛吗？4. lose (one’s way)lose动词，意为“迷失，丢失”。lose one’s way意为“迷路”，相当于 get lost；lose one’shome意为“失去家园”。例如：The boy got lost. = The boy lost his way.那个男孩迷路了。The flood made thousands of people lose their homes.洪水使成千上万的人失去了家园。【拓展】lost是lose的形容词，意为“走失的，迷路的，失散的”或者“丢失的，遗失的”；常与系动词 be或者 get连用，表示“丢失，走失，迷路”，也经常用于名词前作定语修饰名词。例如：My keys are lost again.我的钥匙又丢了。a lost child 走丢了的孩子a lost watch被人遗失的手表5. do well indo well in意为“…做得好”，后接名词、代词或 v-ing形式。be good at是 do well in的同意词组，在句子中常可以互换。它们的反义词组是 be poor at / be weak in意为“在……方面差”。例如：She is good at Chinese. = She does well in Chinese.她擅长语文。He is poor at (weak in) math.他数学学得不好。6. try / do one’s besttry one’s best意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，相当于 do one’s best。例如：We should try / do our best to work.我们应该尽最大努力去工作。【拓展】常见的由 try构成的其它词组：try (not) to do sth.努力（不）做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事try out实验try on试穿（鞋、衣服等）例如：I try to answer the question.我尽力回答这个问题。He tried swimming across the river.他试着游过河去。She is trying on a new dress.她正在试穿一件新连衣裙。7. smoke（1）smoke作名词，意为“烟，烟雾”。例如：I open the window to let the smoke out.我打开窗户让烟出去。There is smoke without fire.无风不起浪。（2）smoke作动词，意为“吸烟，冒烟”。例如：After class, he went out to smoke a cigarette.下课后，他出去抽了支烟。The fireplace smokes badly.这壁炉冒烟太多。8. put output out是一个及物动词短语，意为“扑灭，熄灭”。例如：Far water does not put out near fire.远水救不了近火。It’s too dark. Don’t put out the light.天太黑了，不要把灯火熄灭。【拓展】常见的其他和 put相关的词组：put on穿上put down把……放下，记下put away把……收好put up挂起，举起put off推迟，延期例如：Put your coat on, please.请把外套穿上。The bus put down some passengers.几位乘客下了公共汽车。Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今日事今日毕。Put your toys away.把你的玩具收好。Put up your hands, please.请举手。9. seatseat作名词，意为“座位”，作动词时是及物动词，意为“坐下，使就座”。例如：Are there enough seats for everyone?座位够吗？I seated myself at my desk.我在书桌旁坐下。【拓展】sit和 seat的辨析：二者均可表示“坐”，sit是不及物动词，主语是人；seat是及物动词，主语是人时，表示“使……坐下”，宾语常是反身代词；主语是处所时，表示“能坐多少人”。例如：She sits alone in her room.她独自坐在房间里。Our classroom can seat fifty students.我们教室能坐 50个学生。10. hurt（1）hurt作动词，意为“使受伤，伤害，疼”，其过去式为 hurt。例如：My head hurts.我头痛。He fell off the truck and hurt his leg.他从卡车上掉下来，伤了腿。（2）hurt可以作形容词，意为“受伤的”。例如：This man needs a doctor, he’s badly hurt.这个人需要看医生，他伤的很严重。（3）hurt还可以作名词，意为“伤害”。例如：This failure is a great hurt to me.这次失败对我来说是很大的伤害。【句式精讲】1. We can send some to them.send是及物动词，意为“寄，发送”，过去式和过去分词都是 sent，其后能接双宾语，即send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb.意为“送给（寄给）某人某物，动词 send后可接双宾语。例如：He sent me a postcard. = He sent a postcard to me.他寄给我一张明信片。【拓展】动词接双宾语时，有两种结构：（1）动词 +间接宾语(sb.) +直接宾语(sth.)（2）动词 +直接宾语(sth.) +介词(for/to) +间接宾语(sb.)能接双宾语的动词可分为两类：（1）常用介词 to的动词有：send; give; show; bring; show; teach; tell等。例如：give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.（2）常用介词 for的动词有：buy; sing; make; cook; get等。例如：buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb.show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.2. He is brave enough to save a neighbour from a fire.save意为“保存、储存、挽救、节省”等意思。save…from…意为“从……中救出……”。save one’s life意为“救某人的命，帮某人大忙”。例如：The man saved a boy from the river yesterday.昨天那个人从河中救出了一个男孩。He saved the boy’s life.他救了那个男孩的命。How do you save the document?你如何保存这个文件？The boy saves money to buy a pen.那个男孩攒钱买钢笔。The police saved the girl’s life.警察救了那个女孩的命。3. Some families are not able to pay for pens and notebooks.pay…for意为“为……付款”，在句中常见的结构形式有：（1）pay sb. money for sth.意为“付钱（给某人）买……。例如：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要付给他们 20英镑的房租。（2）pay for sth.付……的钱。例如：I have to pay for the lost book.不得不赔丢失的书款。（3）pay for sb.意为“替某人付钱”。例如：They pay us every month.他们每个月给我们报酬。4. What…和 How…引导的感叹句感叹句是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。感叹句一般用how或者what开头，句末加感叹号。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。具体句式如下：（1）what引导的感叹句：1）What a(an)＋形容词＋可数名词的单数形式＋主语＋谓语！What a clever boy he is！多么聪明的小男孩啊！2）What＋形容词＋可数名词的复数形式＋主语＋谓语！What interesting books the children are reading!孩子们读的书多么有趣啊！3）What＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！What cold weather it is ！多冷的天！（2）how引导的感叹句：1）How＋形容词或副词＋主语＋谓语！How lovely the baby is！这孩子真可爱！（lovely为形容词）How fast he runs!他跑地多快啊！（fast为副词）2） How＋形容词＋a(an)＋可数名词的单数形式＋主语＋谓语！How heavy a box they are carrying!3）How＋主语＋谓语！他们抬的箱子多重啊！How time flies!时间过得多快！5. hear sb. doing sth.（1）hear sb. doing sth.意为“听到某人正在做某事”，表示动作正在发生或进行。例如：Can you hear him singing in the room?你听到他正在房间里唱歌吗？When I was walking on the road, heard a girl shouting.当我正走在路上时，听见了一个女孩在喊。（2）hear sb. do sth.意为“听见某人做某事”，通常是指听到的全过程或者强调某事经常发生。例如：Let’s hear him sing a song for us.让我们听他为我们唱首歌。We often heard him sing the song last year.去年我们经常听他唱这首歌。【拓展】除 hear外，其他感官动词，如 look（看），see（看到），notice（注意到），watch（看），listen（听）等，也有类似用法，即表示习惯性动作时，后接动词原形作宾补；表示正在进行的动作时，后接-ing形式作宾补。例如：I saw Li Ming playing near the river on my way home.在我回家路上，我看见李明正在河边玩。She watched the children play table tennis.她看孩子们打乒乓球。I noticed the man leaving the house.我注意到那人离开这栋房子。
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