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中考英语分项汇编阅读理解之说明文阅读练习（含答案解析）
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这是一份中考英语分项汇编阅读理解之说明文阅读练习（含答案解析），共16页。
Back in Brisbane, Australia, fr the Christmas break, I fund myself in a public transprt dead zne. Bikeless, 7 kilmeters frm where I was meeting friends and unwilling t get a taxi, I decided t brrw an electric scter. The trip tk far lnger than it wuld have by bike, mainly because f a majr spill halfway there. A rck, hit at speed, is a terrible thing: weeks later, I still had the red knees f a primary schler.
In the UK, they are legal (合法的) nly n private land, but the Department fr Transprt is discussing hw t cntrl them n public rads and pathways, with the pssibility fr legalizatin later this year. Other cities that have e-scter rental prgrams have had prblems in the early perid. In Paris, Mayr Anne Hidalg described the situatin last year as messy. She has annunced that the city is reducing its number f e-scters t 15,000 and plans t create laws frbidding them frm pavements (人行道). France has put int frce laws limiting e-scter speeds t 25 kilmetres per hur.
Similar t dckless (无桩的) hire bicycles, e-scters are parked n pavements and peple leave them up trees r thrw them int rivers. Wild treatment shrtens their lifetime, which is bad fr bth prfitability (盈利) and the envirnment. Analysis suggests that the average e-scter’s lifetime is just three mnths.
I think e-scters are an basic part f the effrt t make city transprt greener. They are seen as a key t the “last mile” prblem—a ptential way t reduce transprt jam by rapidly getting smene t their final gal. Cars can take up 28 times the space f a persn riding a bicycle. As far as the envirnmental effect ges, recent research suggests that e-scters are nt as green as walking r cycling, but they are still better than cars. And thugh there are still many reprts f serius accidents, scting is abut as safe as cycling. Stephen Gssling at Lund University in Sweden has suggested we build car-free “micrmbility” streets, where cyclists, pedestrians (行人) and e-scters culd share the rad. He thinks this will reduce accident risks and invite mre vulnerable (易受伤害的) traffic participants, such as children, t becme active transprt users. If mre e-scters mean fewer cars n rads, an imprvement in lcal air quality is als a likely result. When 20 kilmeters f rads in central Lndn clsed fr Wrld Car-Free Day last September, the air quality was greatly imprved accrding t the reprt.
1．What des the underlined part “a majr spill” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A．A serius fall.B．A sudden illness.C．A legal reactin.D．A terrible breakdwn.
2．What d we knw abut e-scters in Paris?
A．They are illegal n pavements.B．They are already ut f fashin.
C．They are facing mre limits.D．They are mre cmmn n private land.
3．What is the writer’s pinin f e-scters?
A．They are nt as safe as cycling.B．They always cause the traffic jams.
C．They are as green as cycling r walking.D．They play a big rle in the “last mile” prblem.
4．What is Stephen Gssling’s suggestin?
A．T set up mre care-free days.B．T invite mre cyclists t use e-scters.
C．T get vulnerable pedestrians ff the rad.D．T separate cars frm e-scters n the rad.
02
With the rapid develpment f wireless technlgies, the Fifth Generatin (5G) mbile cmmunicatin system started t cme. Althugh the develpment f 5G netwrk technlgy in the internatinal cmmunity is still in the research stage, a number f freign cuntries and rganizatins are wrking n it. China started late in netwrk technlgies. In rder t catch with the times, China als needs t have its wn place in such a cmpetitive envirnment.
There are sme quick changes in China’s telecm space. With the 4G netwrk nw widely used, China is nw preparing t enter 5G age. China has started research and develpment n the 5G netwrk and plans t finish the netwrk testing by arund 2019.
It’s expected that just ne standard will be used glbally (全球的) with the 5G technlgy “Under the identical standard, different cmpanies can be cnnected, and frm a cmpetitive envirnment. Therefre, we can make sure that cmpanies can gain reasnable prfits (利润), and at the same time prvide faster, better, mre cnvenient and cheaper services t peple.” Wu Ku, Directr f Dept. f Science &Tech., MIIT said.
Wu Hequan frm Chinese Academy f Engineering said, “5G will make it pssible t cnnect ne millin devices t the s-called Internet f Things within ne square meter. In the future, it will als be used n high-speed trains mving as fast as 500 kilmeters per hur. In the area f the Internet f Vehicles (汽车), it can be used in unmanned vehicles, assisted driving and the management f smart cities.” Wu Hequan believes China’s future Internet will be faster, mre intelligent and safer.
Chinese gvernment pays mre attentin t the develpment f 5G and in mre pen t it. With the shared effrt f the industry, China will play an increasing imprtant rle in the glbal 5G develpment.
5．The first paragraph mainly wants t tell us ________.
A．what 5G netwrk technlgy means
B．the reasn why we need 5G netwrk technlgy
C．the fact that China started late in 5G netwrk technlgy
D．the fact that 5G netwrk technlgy is gd
6．The underlined wrld “identical” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A．sameB．fastC．practicalD．mdern
7．In Wu Ku’s pinin, ________ shuld be used glbally with the 5G technlgy.
A．the netwrk testingB．cheaper services
C．just ne standardD．unmanned vehicles
8．Wu Hequan thinks 5G netwrk technlgy is full f ________.
A．cmpetitinsB．pssibilitiesC．prfitsD．difficulties
9．After reading the passage, we can infer that ________.
A．China will use 5G netwrk technlgy in transprt
B．China has already entered the 5G age cmpletely
C．Chinese gvernment didn’t pay attentin t the develpment f 5G befre
D．China is N.1 in 5G netwrk technlgy
03
As peple all ver the wrld struggled with higher levels f stress, depressin and anxiety this past year, many turned t their favrite cmfrt fds: ice cream, pizza, hamburgers. But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat fds when we are stressed r depressed, as cmfrting as they may seem, are the least likely t be gd fr ur mental (精神上的) health. Instead, whle fds such as vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs, nuts may be a better bet.
Histrically, nutritin research has paid much attentin t hw the fds we eat influence ur physical (身体上的) health, rather than ur mental health, thugh. Over the years, large ppulatin studies have fund that peple wh are asked t fllw a Mediterranean diet fr three mnths had greater reductins in symptms f depressin after three mnths cmpared t a cntrl grup. Public health prfessrs arund the wrld have started encuraging peple t take and use lifestyle behavirs like exercise, sund sleep, a heart-healthy diet and aviding smking that may reduce inflammatin (发炎) and have advantages fr the brain. Individual clinicians (临床医师) are already including nutritin int their wrk with patients. Dr. Drew Ramsey, a clinical prfessr at the Clumbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by explring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favrite fds, and finds ut if fds that he cnsiders imprtant fr the cnnectin are missing frm their diets, such as plants, seafd.
Dr. Ramsey said he didn’t want peple t think that the nly factr invlved in brain health is fd. “Lts f peple get their fd exactly right, live very active lives, and still have many trubles with their mental health,” he said. But he als teaches peple that fd can be empwering. “We can’t cntrl ur genes,” he said. “But we can cntrl hw we eat, and that gives peple actinable things that they can d t take care f their brain health n a daily basis.”
10．What d previus (以前的) nutritin studies mainly pay attentin t?
A．Hw ur diets influence ur mental health. B．Hw ur diets influence ur physical health.
C．Hw ur mental health influences ur diets. D．Hw ur physical health influences ur diets.
11．Why are individual clinicians including nutritin int their wrk with patients?
A．They try t satisfy their patients’ needs.
B．They are questining public health prfessrs.
C．They want t prve the value f healthy diets.
D．They have accepted the findings f large ppulatin studies.
12．Which f the fllwing might Dr. Ramsey agree with?
A．Sme cnnectin lives between ur diets and mental health.
B．Peple can cntrl their genes as well as hw they eat.
C．Peple living active lives will nt have mental prblems.
D．Eating a healthy diet is ging t cure depressin.
04
Schlchildren spend mst f their time surrunded by their peers (同龄人). They spend a lt mre time with classmates, teammates and fellw club members than with adults in their lives. Peer pressure can have a huge influence n the lives f children in grades tw thrugh twelve.
Frm birth thrugh age six, the family shapes a child’s sense f identity (个性). Parents and brthers and sisters affect a child’s likes, dislikes, tastes in clthing, fd and music and, perhaps mst imprtantly, values. Once children enter schl, they frm cnnectins t the larger grup f their peers. This grup brings new ideas and experiences. Peer pressure happens when a student’s actins are influenced by this grup. The “pressure” happens when peers suggest r demand actins different frm the child’s nrmal behavir and values.
Peer pressure leads t sme disturbing negative behavir in schlchildren. In the USA, abut 75% f high schl students have tried alchl (酒) ffered by their friends in middle r high schl. Accrding t a survey, students felt pressured by their peers between 35 and 49% f the time. The pwer f peer pressure can result frm a schlchild’s grwing desire (渴望) t fit int a grup.
Thankfully, peer pressure can als be psitive. Fr example, wanting t jin an athletic grup f friends may frce a student wh has been sitting fr a lng time t try ut fr the sccer team. In a survey n peer pressure, 51% f teenagers felt that peer pressure was smetimes psitive. One teenager respnded, “Smetimes it can help yu gain cnfidence.” Other examples f psitive peer pressure include students encuraging a classmate t run fr schl president, r friends suggesting that a talented peer try ut fr a talent shw.
13．What leads t schlchildren’s peer pressure?
A．The identity shaped by their family.B．The cnnectins with their classmates.
C．The childhd experiences with their friends.D．The differences in their behavir and values.
14．Why d sme schlchildren behave negatively under peer pressure?
A．T kill their bring time.B．T fit int a peer grup.
C．T help gain cnfidence.D．T imprve scial skills.
15．What des the authr think f peer pressure?
A．Peer pressure des mre harm than gd.
B．Peer pressure is very gd fr schlchildren’s grwth.
C．Peer pressure is nt necessarily bad fr schl children.
D．Peer pressure plays an imprtant rle in shaping a child’s values.
05
16．Peple usually use ________ fr ding traditinal Chinese painting.
①brushes ②ink ③clur pencils ④paper ⑤silk
A．①②③④B．②③④⑤C．①②③⑤D．①②④⑤
17．The underlined wrd “cntains” means “________”.
A．likesB．cntrlsC．preventsD．includes
18．The passage is abut ________.
A．Chinese musicB．Chinese paintingC．Chinese cultureD．Chinese histry
06
There is a Chinese saying which means smething like this: Yur mther always asks yu t wear warm clthes even when it’s nt cld. This jkingly reflects the ver-cncern f yur mther. Anyhw, Mther’s Day is arund the crner. Tday I’d like t share the rigin f this festival with yu n my blg.
Every cuntry has a hliday t hnr mthers, mtherhd, and their influence n sciety. The mst cmmn day fr this celebratin is the secnd Sunday in May. The idea t have a hliday just fr celebrating mthers cmes frm many surces. Lng ag, there were ancient events that included hnring wmen and mthers. Hwever, it was the influence f wmen in the US that really set the stage fr this hliday. The mdern American hliday f Mther’s Day was first celebrated in 1908 fr her mther in Graftn, West Virginia. Her campaign t make “Mther’s Day” a recgnized hliday in the United States began in 1905, Ann Reeves Jarvis, died. Anna’s mther was a peace activist wh had cared fr wunded sldiers n bth sides f the Civil War and created Mther’s Day Wrk Clubs t address public health issues. Anna was the first t fight fr Mther’s Day becming an fficial hliday. She finally succeeded in 1914.
Celebrating Mther’s Day is just as varied as the date when it is held. In China, it is just starting t becme mre and mre ppular. Carnatins（康乃馨）are a very ppular Mther’s Day gift and the mst sld flwers. Mther’s Day in Canada typically invlves small celebratins and gift-giving t ne’s mther, r ther imprtant female figures in ne’s family. In Bangiadesh, the whle cuntry centers arund mthers. Specially themed TV shws, and gatherings are rganized. In the ld days in France, mthers f large families were given medals. Nwadays, flwer arrangements, and handmade gifts are ppular chices. S is giving mthers a day ff t g t a spa r saln.
Dn’t frget t express yur thanks t yur mm n this Mther’s Day!
19．When was Mther’s day first celebrated in mdern America?
A．In 1914.B．In 1905.C．In 1908.D．In 1909.
20．What was Anna Reeves Jarvis like?
A．generus and successful.B．serius and patient.
C．clever and caring.D．peace-lving and warm-hearted.
21．What des the underlined wrd “varied” mean in the third paragraph?
A．sameB．differentC．ppularD．imprtant
22．What can be inferred frm this passage?
A．Peple didn’t hld events t hnr mthers in the past.
B．Sme mthers were presented medals in the ld France.
C．Anna celebrated the first Mther’s Day with her mm.
D．The whle cuntry celebrates Mther’s Day in China.
23．Where can this passage be taken frm?
A．A textbk.B．A magazine.C．A website.D．A letter
07
The elderly residents(居民) in care hmes in Lndn are being given hens t lk after t stp them feeling lnely.
The prject was dreamed up by a lcal charity(慈善组织) t reduce lneliness and imprve elderly peple’s well-being. It is als being used t help patients suffering dementia, a serius illness f the mind. Staff in care hmes have reprted a reductin in the use f medicine where hens are in use.
Amng thse taking part in the prject is 80-year-ld Ruth Xavier. She said, “I used t keep hens when I was yunger and had t prepare their breakfast each mrning befre I went t schl.”
“I like the prject a lt. I am dwn there in my wheelchair in the mrning letting the hens ut and dwn there again at night t see they’ve gne t bed.”
“It’s gd t have a different fcus. Peple have been bringing their children in t see the hens and residents cme and sit utside t watch them. I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.”
There are nw 700 elderly peple lking after hens in 20 care hmes in the Nrth East, and the charity has been given financial supprt t rll it ut cuntrywide.
Wendy Wilsn, extra care manager at 60 Penfld Street, ne f the first t embark n the prject, said, “Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”
Lynn Lewis, directr f Ntting Hill Pathways, said, “We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.”
24．What is the purpse f the prject?
A．T ensure harmny in care hmes.B．T prvide part-time jbs fr the aged.
C．T raise mney fr medical research.D．T give the elderly a sense f success.
25．What d the underlined wrds “embark n” mean in paragraph 7?
A．Imprve.B．Oppse.C．Begin.D．Review.
26．What can we learn abut the prject frm the last tw paragraphs?
A．It is well received.B．It needs t be mre creative.
C．It is highly prfitable.D．It takes ages t see the results.
08
Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste. The arugula（芝麻菜）was t make a nice green salad, runding ut a rast chicken dinner. But I ended up wrking late. Then friends called with a dinner invitatin. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
In a wrld where nearly 800 millin peple a year g hungry, “fd waste ges against the mral grain,” as Elizabeth Ryte writes in this mnth’s cver stry. It’s jaw-drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away—frm “ugly”（but quite eatable）vegetables rejected by grcers t large amunts f uneaten dishes thrwn int restaurant garbage cans.
Prducing fd that n ne eats wastes the water, fuel, and ther resurces used t grw it. That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem. In fact, Ryte writes, “if fd waste were a cuntry, it wuld be the third largest prducer f greenhuse gases in the wrld.”
If that’s hard t understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back f my refrigeratr. Mike Curtin sees my arugula stry all the time—but fr him, it’s mre like 12 bnes f dnated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO f DC Central Kitchen in Washingtn, D．C．, which recvers fd and turns it int healthy meals. Last year it recvered mre than 807,500 punds f fd by taking dnatins and cllecting blemished（有瑕疵的）prduce that therwise wuld have rtted in fields. And the strawberries? Vlunteers will wash, cut, and freeze r dry them fr use in meals dwn the rad.
Such methds seem bvius, yet s ften we just dn’t think. “Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn’t eat,” Curtin says.
27．What des the authr want t shw by telling the arugula stry?
A．We pay little attentin t fd waste.B．We waste fd carelessly at times.
C．We waste mre vegetables than meat.D．We have gd reasns fr wasting fd.
28．What is a result f fd waste accrding t the text?
A．Mral decline.B．Envirnmental harm.C．Energy shrtage.D．Wrldwide hunger.
29．What des Curtin suggest peple d?
A．Buy nly what is needed.B．Reduce fd prduct.
C．G shpping nce a week.D．Eat in restaurants less ften.
09
D yu knw hw t get n well with peple? D yu ever feel shy? What situatin makes yu feel shy? D yu smetimes feel that yu dn’t knw hw t interest peple and have cnversatins with them? D peple find an excuse t leave yu as sn as they can?
Try listening! Here is an example f mine.
One evening last week, I was sitting with Hannah, and she said t me, “Yu are a great mm!” And I said, “Why d yu say that suddenly?” She said, “Well, althugh yu are always busy, yu always stp t listen t me.”
Here is sme advice abut listening:
※ Shw the ther persn that yu are listening.
※ Lk at them.
※ Smile and nd quite ften.
※ Shake yur head r raise yur eyebrws if yu dn’t fllw what they are saying.
※ Dn’t tap yur ft because this will shw impatience.
※ Dn’t lk at yur watch unless yu really have t knw the time. If yu shw the impatience, then the ther persn wn’t make friends with yu any mre.
A gd listener has magic! A gd listener can make peple feel gd, and is as imprtant as a gd talker at a party. But just listening is nt enugh. One shuld listen smartly by trying t find ut what the ther persn wuld really like t cmmunicate.
30．Hannah thught her mther was great because ________.
A．her mther always listened t herB．her mther was busy
C．her mther gt n well with thersD．her mther was sitting with her
31．When yu are listening t thers, yu shuldn’t ________.
A．lk at yur watch all the timeB．lk at their eyes
C．smile and ndD．shw yur attitude
32．If yu tap yur ft when listening t thers, maybe yu’ll ________.
A．be a gd listenerB．lse their friendship
C．agree with themD．be a gd friend
33．What shuld be the best title f the passage?
A．Hw t make friends.B．Hw t talk t peple.
C．Hw t be a gd listener.D．Hw t knw a persn.
10
Glbalizatin means that peple, ideas, technlgy, mney, services and many ther things are mving between cuntries and changing the way peple think and act.
Nt everyne thinks the same way abut glbalizatin. Sme peple think it is bad, and sme peple think it is gd. Sme believe that glbalizatin helps rich peple get richer and makes pr peple prer. These peple say that glbalizatin helps big cmpanies like Cca-Cla and McDnald’s destry (破坏) lcal businesses. Hwever, the peple wh think glbalizatin is a gd thing argue that glbalizatin helps prer peple t becme richer. They als think that it desn’t destry lcal cultures. These peple als believe glbalizatin helps prevent wars. This is because cuntries with ecnmic (经济的) cnnectins will try hard t keep gd relatinships s that their ecnmies aren’t destryed.
Whether yu think glbalizatin is gd r bad, it affects the wrld in tw areas: jbs and cultures.
Glbalizatin has had a very strng influence n jbs all ver the wrld. Fr sme wrkers, such as engineers, lawyers and bankers, glbalizatin has been a gd develpment. These wrkers are able t successfully cmpete glbally and have seen an increase in their pay. But fr thse wh wrk in factries r in the service industry at htels, shps and restaurants, it has nt been gd. Wrkers frm prer cuntries are trying t get these types f jbs. They will d the same jb fr less mney. This lwers the pay fr that jb, s peple get paid less t d it.
Cultures have als been affected by glbalizatin. Fds such as Japanese ndles, Indian curry and French cheeses have spread arund the wrld. We can als see an increase in the use f Chinese characters (汉字) in tatts (文身). Sme peple get these tatts but they dn’t really knw what the characters mean. Glbalizatin als influences the film industry. Mst peple have seen American mvies. But because f glbalizatin, Krean, Indian and Japanese mvies have becme mre wrldwide.
N ne knws the future f glbalizatin. Mst experts agree that it will cntinue t grw and have an increasingly greater influence n peple’s lives in the future.
34．Why d sme peple think glbalizatin is gd?
A．Because they think glbalizatin may change lcal cultures.
B．Because they think glbalizatin may help lcal business develp.
C．Because they think glbalizatin may make rich peple becme richer.
D．Because they think glbalizatin may help stp wars amng cuntries.
35．Which is true accrding t Paragraph 4?
A．Engineers will get a lw pay.
B．Peple can get favurite jbs mre easily.
C．Glbalizatin greatly influences peple’s jbs.
D．Wrkers frm rich cuntries get paid less.
36．Which is the advantage f glbalizatin?
A．It helps peple in the wrld knw Chinese characters very well.
B．It makes peple in the wrld g t different cuntries fr mvies easier.
C．Peple in the wrld will wn the same culture in the end.
D．Peple in the wrld can enjy fds frm different cuntries.
37．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Glbalizatin is sure t d gd t peple.
B．Glbalizatin will be limited in the future.
C．Glbalizatin may change peple’s lives in the future.
D．Glbalizatin will be lved all ver the wrld.Chinese painting is ne f the ldest art frms in the wrld. Painting in the traditinal style is knwn tday in Chinese as Guhua.
Traditinal Chinese painting is dne with a brush dipped（浸）in black r clured ink. Paper and silk are als needed fr painting. The finished wrk can be put n scrlls（轴）. Traditinal Chinese painting includes landscape（山水）painting, figures（人物）, bird and flwers. Landscape painting is regarded as the highest frm f Chinese painting.
Chinese flk music is an imprtant part f Chinese culture. It has a lng histry. One f the Cnfucianist Classics（儒家经典）, Shi Jing, cntains many flk sngs. They are much lved by peple up t nw.
Traditinal Chinese musical instruments are symbls f Chinese culture, such as the guqin, guzheng, pipa, erhu, xia and chime（编钟）. The sheng and suna are als ppular in nrthern villages in China. XI’an drum music is large traditinal drum music. It is a valuable part f Chinese ancient music, and is regarded as the “living fssil（化石）f Chinese ancient music” in the wrld.
参考答案
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些城市出现电动踏板车后出现的一些问题。但作者认为电动摩托车是城市交通绿化的重要组成部分。很多的电动滑板车意味着道路上汽车的减少，那么当地的空气质量可能也会改善。
1．词义猜测题。根据“The trip tk far lnger than it wuld have by bike”可知作者花费了比骑自行车更久的时间，再由“A rck, hit at speed, is a terrible thing: weeks later, I still had the red knees f a primary schler.”可知电动车在路上撞到了石头上，作者摔了一跤，a majr spill意为“摔了一跤”。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“In Paris, Mayr Anne Hidalg described the situatin last year as messy. She has annunced that the city is reducing its number f e-scters t 15,000 and plans t create laws frbidding them frm pavements.”可知在巴黎电动踏板车受到了诸多限制。故选C。
3．观点态度题。根据“I think e-scters are an basic part f the effrt t make city transprt greener. They are seen as a key t the ‘last mile’ prblem—a ptential way t reduce transprt jam by rapidly getting smene t their final gal.”可知作者认为电动踏板车在“最后一英里”问题中发挥重要作用。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“Stephen Gssling at Lund University in Sweden has suggested we build car-free ‘micrmbility’ streets, where cyclists, pedestrians and e-scters culd share the rad.”可知Stephen Gssling建议在路上把汽车和电动踏板车分开。故选D。
5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国开发5G网络技术的事情。
5．段落大意题。通读第一段可知，第一段主要告诉我们中国需要5G网络技术的原因。故选B。
6．词义猜测题。根据“It’s expected that just ne standard will be used glbally (全球的) with the 5G technlgy”及“Under the identical standard, different cmpanies can be cnnected, and frm a cmpetitive envirnment”可知，预计5G技术在全球范围内只会使用一种标准，在相同的标准下，不同的公司可以连接起来，形成竞争环境。所以划线单词与same同义。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据“It’s expected that just ne standard will be used glbally…mre cnvenient and cheaper services t peple”可推知，吴库认为5G技术应该在全球使用一种标准。故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据他所说的话“5G will make it pssible t cnnect ne millin devices t the s-called…”可知，他认为5G网络充满了可能性。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据“In the future, it will als be used n high-speed trains mving as fast as 500 kilmeters per hur. In the area f the Internet f Vehicles (汽车), it can be used in unmanned vehicles, assisted driving and the management f smart cities”可知，中国在交通领域将使用5G网络技术。故选A。
10．B 11．D 12．A
【导语】本文讲述最近几年的研究表明，饮食和心里健康之间存在某种联系，控制饮食方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。
10．细节理解题。根据“Histrically, nutritin research has paid much attentin t hw the fds we eat influence ur physical health, rather than ur mental health, thugh.”可知，以前的营养研究主要关注我们的饮食如何影响我们的身体健康。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据“Over the years, large ppulatin studies have fund that peple wh are asked t fllw a Mediterranean diet fr three mnths had greater reductins in symptms f depressin after three mnths cmpared t a cntrl grup.”可知多年来，大规模人群研究发现，与对照组相比，被要求遵循地中海饮食三个月的人在三个月后抑郁症状的减轻程度更大。再由“Public health prfessrs arund the wrld have started encuraging peple t take and use lifestyle behavirs like exercise, sund sleep, a heart-healthy diet and aviding smking that may reduce inflammatin and have advantages fr the brain.”可知世界各地的公共卫生教授已经开始鼓励人们采取和使用生活方式，如锻炼、健康睡眠、心脏健康饮食和避免吸烟，这些行为可能会减少炎症，对大脑有好处。由此推出临床医生个人要将营养纳入他们与患者的工作中是因为他们已经接受了大规模人口研究的结果。故选D。
12．观点态度题。根据“Drew Ramsey, a clinical prfessr at the Clumbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by explring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favrite fds, and finds ut if fds that he cnsiders imprtant fr the cnnectin are missing frm their diets, such as plants, seafd.”可知Drew Ramsey认为我们的饮食和心理健康之间存在某种联系。故选A。
13．D 14．B 15．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了同伴压力对学生的极大影响。
13．细节理解题。根据“The ‘pressure’ happens when peers suggest r demand actins different frm the child’s nrmal behavir and values.”可知行为和价值观不同会导致学生的同伴压力。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“The pwer f peer pressure can result frm a schlchild’s grwing desire t fit int a grup.”可知渴望融入一个群体会让学生出现一些令人不安的负面行为。故选B。
15．观点态度题。根据“Thankfully, peer pressure can als be psitive. Fr example, wanting t jin an athletic grup f friends may frce a student wh has been sitting fr a lng time t try ut fr the sccer team.”可知作者认为同伴压力对学生来说不一定是坏事。故选C。
16．D 17．D 18．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国的传统中国画和中国的民谣。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Traditinal Chinese painting is dne with a brush dipped in black r clured ink. Paper and silk are als needed fr painting. ”可知传统中国画需要用到毛笔、墨水、纸和丝绸。故选D。
17．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“Shi Jing, cntains many flk sngs”可知，诗经里面包含了很多民谣，所以此处应该是include“包含”。故选D。
18．主旨大意题。根据文章主旨可知，本文主要讲了中国画和民谣，都属于中国文化。故选C。
19．C 20．D 21．B 22．B 23．C
【导语】本文是作者在他的博客上与大家分享母亲节的起源的一篇文章。
19．细节理解题。根据“The mdern American hliday f Mther’s Day was first celebrated in 1908 fr her mther in Graftn, West Virginia. ”可知，现代美国的母亲节最初是在1908年庆祝的。故选C。
20．推理判断题。根据“ Anna’s mther was a peace activist wh had cared fr wunded sldiers n bth sides f the Civil War and created Mther’s Day Wrk Clubs t address public health issues.”可知，Anna母亲Ann Reeves Jarvis去世的那一年，曾照顾内战双方受伤的士兵。可推测她是爱好和平的、热心的。故选D。
21．词义猜测题。根据“In China, it is just starting t becme mre and mre ppular. ... Nwadays, flwer arrangements, and handmade gifts are ppular chices. S is giving mthers a day ff t g t a spa r saln.”可知，此处介绍的是庆祝母亲节和举行母亲节的日期一样多种多样。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“In the ld days in France, mthers f large families were given medals.”可知，在过去的法国，大家庭的母亲被授予勋章。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据“Tday I’d like t share the rigin f this festival with yu n my blg.”可知，这篇文章出自网站上的博客。故选C。
24．D 25．C 26．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了伦敦的一家慈善机构提出的养老活动项目——让老年人照看母鸡，目的是让老年人不感到孤独。
24．推理判断题。根据“I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.”可知，80岁的Ruth Xavier很享受这些创造性的活动，在做了一些有用的事情之后感觉很棒，也就是获得了成功的感觉，所以这个项目是为了给老年人一种成功的感觉。故选D。
25．词句猜测题。根据“Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”可知，居民们真的很欢迎这个项目，我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来的好处和乐趣，由此可推知，Wendy Wilsn是最初实施这个项目的人之一，所以embark n意为“开始”。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据“Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins.”和“We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.”可知，居民很喜欢这个项目，Lynn Lewis认为这个项目可以通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动将大家联系在一起，这些都是对这个项目的肯定评价，说明这个项目很受欢迎。故选A。
27．B 28．B 29．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste.(像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.(但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem”可知，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn’t eat,”可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物。故选A。
30．A 31．A 32．B 33．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了如何做一个好的倾听者，并给出了一些建议。
30．细节理解题。根据“ ‘Why d yu say that suddenly?’ She said, ‘Well, althugh yu are always busy, yu always stp t listen t me.’ ”可知，因为她妈妈总是聆听她说的话，故选A。
31．细节理解题。根据“Dn’t lk at yur watch unless yu really have t knw the time”可知，当你正在听别人说话时不要一直看手表，故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“Dn’t tap yur ft because this will shw impatience”及“If yu shw the impatience, then the ther persn wn’t make friends with yu any mre”可知，用脚打拍子表示出你没有耐心，这样会失去友谊，故选B。
33．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了和别人相处的一种方法，尝试去认真听别人说话，所以最适合本文的标题是“如何成为一个好的倾听者”，故选C。
34．D 35．C 36．D 37．C
【导语】本文介绍了全球化这一热点社会话题。它改变了人们的思维方式和行为方式。在就业和文化两个领域产生了深远的影响。全球化将对人们未来的生活产生越来越大的影响。
34．细节理解题。根据“These peple als believe glbalizatin helps prevent wars. This is because cuntries with ecnmic cnnectins will try hard t keep gd relatinships s that their ecnmies aren’t destryed.”可知，这些人认为全球化有助于防止战争。这是因为国家之间可以保持良好的经济共同体。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据“Glbalizatin has had a very strng influence n jbs all ver the wrld.”可知，全球化对世界各地的工作都产生了深远的影响。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据“Cultures have als been affected by glbalizatin. Fds such as Japanese ndles, Indian curry and French cheeses have spread arund the wrld.”可知，文化也受到全球化的影响。包括饮食文化，你可以享受到来自不同国家的食物。故选D。
37．推理判断题。根据“Mst experts agree that it will cntinue t grw and have an increasingly greater influence n peple’s lives in the future.”可知，全球化将对人们未来的生活产生越来越大的影响。故选C。
Back in Brisbane, Australia, fr the Christmas break, I fund myself in a public transprt dead zne. Bikeless, 7 kilmeters frm where I was meeting friends and unwilling t get a taxi, I decided t brrw an electric scter. The trip tk far lnger than it wuld have by bike, mainly because f a majr spill halfway there. A rck, hit at speed, is a terrible thing: weeks later, I still had the red knees f a primary schler.
In the UK, they are legal (合法的) nly n private land, but the Department fr Transprt is discussing hw t cntrl them n public rads and pathways, with the pssibility fr legalizatin later this year. Other cities that have e-scter rental prgrams have had prblems in the early perid. In Paris, Mayr Anne Hidalg described the situatin last year as messy. She has annunced that the city is reducing its number f e-scters t 15,000 and plans t create laws frbidding them frm pavements (人行道). France has put int frce laws limiting e-scter speeds t 25 kilmetres per hur.
Similar t dckless (无桩的) hire bicycles, e-scters are parked n pavements and peple leave them up trees r thrw them int rivers. Wild treatment shrtens their lifetime, which is bad fr bth prfitability (盈利) and the envirnment. Analysis suggests that the average e-scter’s lifetime is just three mnths.
I think e-scters are an basic part f the effrt t make city transprt greener. They are seen as a key t the “last mile” prblem—a ptential way t reduce transprt jam by rapidly getting smene t their final gal. Cars can take up 28 times the space f a persn riding a bicycle. As far as the envirnmental effect ges, recent research suggests that e-scters are nt as green as walking r cycling, but they are still better than cars. And thugh there are still many reprts f serius accidents, scting is abut as safe as cycling. Stephen Gssling at Lund University in Sweden has suggested we build car-free “micrmbility” streets, where cyclists, pedestrians (行人) and e-scters culd share the rad. He thinks this will reduce accident risks and invite mre vulnerable (易受伤害的) traffic participants, such as children, t becme active transprt users. If mre e-scters mean fewer cars n rads, an imprvement in lcal air quality is als a likely result. When 20 kilmeters f rads in central Lndn clsed fr Wrld Car-Free Day last September, the air quality was greatly imprved accrding t the reprt.
1．What des the underlined part “a majr spill” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A．A serius fall.B．A sudden illness.C．A legal reactin.D．A terrible breakdwn.
2．What d we knw abut e-scters in Paris?
A．They are illegal n pavements.B．They are already ut f fashin.
C．They are facing mre limits.D．They are mre cmmn n private land.
3．What is the writer’s pinin f e-scters?
A．They are nt as safe as cycling.B．They always cause the traffic jams.
C．They are as green as cycling r walking.D．They play a big rle in the “last mile” prblem.
4．What is Stephen Gssling’s suggestin?
A．T set up mre care-free days.B．T invite mre cyclists t use e-scters.
C．T get vulnerable pedestrians ff the rad.D．T separate cars frm e-scters n the rad.
02
With the rapid develpment f wireless technlgies, the Fifth Generatin (5G) mbile cmmunicatin system started t cme. Althugh the develpment f 5G netwrk technlgy in the internatinal cmmunity is still in the research stage, a number f freign cuntries and rganizatins are wrking n it. China started late in netwrk technlgies. In rder t catch with the times, China als needs t have its wn place in such a cmpetitive envirnment.
There are sme quick changes in China’s telecm space. With the 4G netwrk nw widely used, China is nw preparing t enter 5G age. China has started research and develpment n the 5G netwrk and plans t finish the netwrk testing by arund 2019.
It’s expected that just ne standard will be used glbally (全球的) with the 5G technlgy “Under the identical standard, different cmpanies can be cnnected, and frm a cmpetitive envirnment. Therefre, we can make sure that cmpanies can gain reasnable prfits (利润), and at the same time prvide faster, better, mre cnvenient and cheaper services t peple.” Wu Ku, Directr f Dept. f Science &Tech., MIIT said.
Wu Hequan frm Chinese Academy f Engineering said, “5G will make it pssible t cnnect ne millin devices t the s-called Internet f Things within ne square meter. In the future, it will als be used n high-speed trains mving as fast as 500 kilmeters per hur. In the area f the Internet f Vehicles (汽车), it can be used in unmanned vehicles, assisted driving and the management f smart cities.” Wu Hequan believes China’s future Internet will be faster, mre intelligent and safer.
Chinese gvernment pays mre attentin t the develpment f 5G and in mre pen t it. With the shared effrt f the industry, China will play an increasing imprtant rle in the glbal 5G develpment.
5．The first paragraph mainly wants t tell us ________.
A．what 5G netwrk technlgy means
B．the reasn why we need 5G netwrk technlgy
C．the fact that China started late in 5G netwrk technlgy
D．the fact that 5G netwrk technlgy is gd
6．The underlined wrld “identical” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A．sameB．fastC．practicalD．mdern
7．In Wu Ku’s pinin, ________ shuld be used glbally with the 5G technlgy.
A．the netwrk testingB．cheaper services
C．just ne standardD．unmanned vehicles
8．Wu Hequan thinks 5G netwrk technlgy is full f ________.
A．cmpetitinsB．pssibilitiesC．prfitsD．difficulties
9．After reading the passage, we can infer that ________.
A．China will use 5G netwrk technlgy in transprt
B．China has already entered the 5G age cmpletely
C．Chinese gvernment didn’t pay attentin t the develpment f 5G befre
D．China is N.1 in 5G netwrk technlgy
03
As peple all ver the wrld struggled with higher levels f stress, depressin and anxiety this past year, many turned t their favrite cmfrt fds: ice cream, pizza, hamburgers. But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat fds when we are stressed r depressed, as cmfrting as they may seem, are the least likely t be gd fr ur mental (精神上的) health. Instead, whle fds such as vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs, nuts may be a better bet.
Histrically, nutritin research has paid much attentin t hw the fds we eat influence ur physical (身体上的) health, rather than ur mental health, thugh. Over the years, large ppulatin studies have fund that peple wh are asked t fllw a Mediterranean diet fr three mnths had greater reductins in symptms f depressin after three mnths cmpared t a cntrl grup. Public health prfessrs arund the wrld have started encuraging peple t take and use lifestyle behavirs like exercise, sund sleep, a heart-healthy diet and aviding smking that may reduce inflammatin (发炎) and have advantages fr the brain. Individual clinicians (临床医师) are already including nutritin int their wrk with patients. Dr. Drew Ramsey, a clinical prfessr at the Clumbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by explring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favrite fds, and finds ut if fds that he cnsiders imprtant fr the cnnectin are missing frm their diets, such as plants, seafd.
Dr. Ramsey said he didn’t want peple t think that the nly factr invlved in brain health is fd. “Lts f peple get their fd exactly right, live very active lives, and still have many trubles with their mental health,” he said. But he als teaches peple that fd can be empwering. “We can’t cntrl ur genes,” he said. “But we can cntrl hw we eat, and that gives peple actinable things that they can d t take care f their brain health n a daily basis.”
10．What d previus (以前的) nutritin studies mainly pay attentin t?
A．Hw ur diets influence ur mental health. B．Hw ur diets influence ur physical health.
C．Hw ur mental health influences ur diets. D．Hw ur physical health influences ur diets.
11．Why are individual clinicians including nutritin int their wrk with patients?
A．They try t satisfy their patients’ needs.
B．They are questining public health prfessrs.
C．They want t prve the value f healthy diets.
D．They have accepted the findings f large ppulatin studies.
12．Which f the fllwing might Dr. Ramsey agree with?
A．Sme cnnectin lives between ur diets and mental health.
B．Peple can cntrl their genes as well as hw they eat.
C．Peple living active lives will nt have mental prblems.
D．Eating a healthy diet is ging t cure depressin.
04
Schlchildren spend mst f their time surrunded by their peers (同龄人). They spend a lt mre time with classmates, teammates and fellw club members than with adults in their lives. Peer pressure can have a huge influence n the lives f children in grades tw thrugh twelve.
Frm birth thrugh age six, the family shapes a child’s sense f identity (个性). Parents and brthers and sisters affect a child’s likes, dislikes, tastes in clthing, fd and music and, perhaps mst imprtantly, values. Once children enter schl, they frm cnnectins t the larger grup f their peers. This grup brings new ideas and experiences. Peer pressure happens when a student’s actins are influenced by this grup. The “pressure” happens when peers suggest r demand actins different frm the child’s nrmal behavir and values.
Peer pressure leads t sme disturbing negative behavir in schlchildren. In the USA, abut 75% f high schl students have tried alchl (酒) ffered by their friends in middle r high schl. Accrding t a survey, students felt pressured by their peers between 35 and 49% f the time. The pwer f peer pressure can result frm a schlchild’s grwing desire (渴望) t fit int a grup.
Thankfully, peer pressure can als be psitive. Fr example, wanting t jin an athletic grup f friends may frce a student wh has been sitting fr a lng time t try ut fr the sccer team. In a survey n peer pressure, 51% f teenagers felt that peer pressure was smetimes psitive. One teenager respnded, “Smetimes it can help yu gain cnfidence.” Other examples f psitive peer pressure include students encuraging a classmate t run fr schl president, r friends suggesting that a talented peer try ut fr a talent shw.
13．What leads t schlchildren’s peer pressure?
A．The identity shaped by their family.B．The cnnectins with their classmates.
C．The childhd experiences with their friends.D．The differences in their behavir and values.
14．Why d sme schlchildren behave negatively under peer pressure?
A．T kill their bring time.B．T fit int a peer grup.
C．T help gain cnfidence.D．T imprve scial skills.
15．What des the authr think f peer pressure?
A．Peer pressure des mre harm than gd.
B．Peer pressure is very gd fr schlchildren’s grwth.
C．Peer pressure is nt necessarily bad fr schl children.
D．Peer pressure plays an imprtant rle in shaping a child’s values.
05
16．Peple usually use ________ fr ding traditinal Chinese painting.
①brushes ②ink ③clur pencils ④paper ⑤silk
A．①②③④B．②③④⑤C．①②③⑤D．①②④⑤
17．The underlined wrd “cntains” means “________”.
A．likesB．cntrlsC．preventsD．includes
18．The passage is abut ________.
A．Chinese musicB．Chinese paintingC．Chinese cultureD．Chinese histry
06
There is a Chinese saying which means smething like this: Yur mther always asks yu t wear warm clthes even when it’s nt cld. This jkingly reflects the ver-cncern f yur mther. Anyhw, Mther’s Day is arund the crner. Tday I’d like t share the rigin f this festival with yu n my blg.
Every cuntry has a hliday t hnr mthers, mtherhd, and their influence n sciety. The mst cmmn day fr this celebratin is the secnd Sunday in May. The idea t have a hliday just fr celebrating mthers cmes frm many surces. Lng ag, there were ancient events that included hnring wmen and mthers. Hwever, it was the influence f wmen in the US that really set the stage fr this hliday. The mdern American hliday f Mther’s Day was first celebrated in 1908 fr her mther in Graftn, West Virginia. Her campaign t make “Mther’s Day” a recgnized hliday in the United States began in 1905, Ann Reeves Jarvis, died. Anna’s mther was a peace activist wh had cared fr wunded sldiers n bth sides f the Civil War and created Mther’s Day Wrk Clubs t address public health issues. Anna was the first t fight fr Mther’s Day becming an fficial hliday. She finally succeeded in 1914.
Celebrating Mther’s Day is just as varied as the date when it is held. In China, it is just starting t becme mre and mre ppular. Carnatins（康乃馨）are a very ppular Mther’s Day gift and the mst sld flwers. Mther’s Day in Canada typically invlves small celebratins and gift-giving t ne’s mther, r ther imprtant female figures in ne’s family. In Bangiadesh, the whle cuntry centers arund mthers. Specially themed TV shws, and gatherings are rganized. In the ld days in France, mthers f large families were given medals. Nwadays, flwer arrangements, and handmade gifts are ppular chices. S is giving mthers a day ff t g t a spa r saln.
Dn’t frget t express yur thanks t yur mm n this Mther’s Day!
19．When was Mther’s day first celebrated in mdern America?
A．In 1914.B．In 1905.C．In 1908.D．In 1909.
20．What was Anna Reeves Jarvis like?
A．generus and successful.B．serius and patient.
C．clever and caring.D．peace-lving and warm-hearted.
21．What des the underlined wrd “varied” mean in the third paragraph?
A．sameB．differentC．ppularD．imprtant
22．What can be inferred frm this passage?
A．Peple didn’t hld events t hnr mthers in the past.
B．Sme mthers were presented medals in the ld France.
C．Anna celebrated the first Mther’s Day with her mm.
D．The whle cuntry celebrates Mther’s Day in China.
23．Where can this passage be taken frm?
A．A textbk.B．A magazine.C．A website.D．A letter
07
The elderly residents(居民) in care hmes in Lndn are being given hens t lk after t stp them feeling lnely.
The prject was dreamed up by a lcal charity(慈善组织) t reduce lneliness and imprve elderly peple’s well-being. It is als being used t help patients suffering dementia, a serius illness f the mind. Staff in care hmes have reprted a reductin in the use f medicine where hens are in use.
Amng thse taking part in the prject is 80-year-ld Ruth Xavier. She said, “I used t keep hens when I was yunger and had t prepare their breakfast each mrning befre I went t schl.”
“I like the prject a lt. I am dwn there in my wheelchair in the mrning letting the hens ut and dwn there again at night t see they’ve gne t bed.”
“It’s gd t have a different fcus. Peple have been bringing their children in t see the hens and residents cme and sit utside t watch them. I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.”
There are nw 700 elderly peple lking after hens in 20 care hmes in the Nrth East, and the charity has been given financial supprt t rll it ut cuntrywide.
Wendy Wilsn, extra care manager at 60 Penfld Street, ne f the first t embark n the prject, said, “Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”
Lynn Lewis, directr f Ntting Hill Pathways, said, “We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.”
24．What is the purpse f the prject?
A．T ensure harmny in care hmes.B．T prvide part-time jbs fr the aged.
C．T raise mney fr medical research.D．T give the elderly a sense f success.
25．What d the underlined wrds “embark n” mean in paragraph 7?
A．Imprve.B．Oppse.C．Begin.D．Review.
26．What can we learn abut the prject frm the last tw paragraphs?
A．It is well received.B．It needs t be mre creative.
C．It is highly prfitable.D．It takes ages t see the results.
08
Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste. The arugula（芝麻菜）was t make a nice green salad, runding ut a rast chicken dinner. But I ended up wrking late. Then friends called with a dinner invitatin. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
In a wrld where nearly 800 millin peple a year g hungry, “fd waste ges against the mral grain,” as Elizabeth Ryte writes in this mnth’s cver stry. It’s jaw-drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away—frm “ugly”（but quite eatable）vegetables rejected by grcers t large amunts f uneaten dishes thrwn int restaurant garbage cans.
Prducing fd that n ne eats wastes the water, fuel, and ther resurces used t grw it. That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem. In fact, Ryte writes, “if fd waste were a cuntry, it wuld be the third largest prducer f greenhuse gases in the wrld.”
If that’s hard t understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back f my refrigeratr. Mike Curtin sees my arugula stry all the time—but fr him, it’s mre like 12 bnes f dnated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO f DC Central Kitchen in Washingtn, D．C．, which recvers fd and turns it int healthy meals. Last year it recvered mre than 807,500 punds f fd by taking dnatins and cllecting blemished（有瑕疵的）prduce that therwise wuld have rtted in fields. And the strawberries? Vlunteers will wash, cut, and freeze r dry them fr use in meals dwn the rad.
Such methds seem bvius, yet s ften we just dn’t think. “Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn’t eat,” Curtin says.
27．What des the authr want t shw by telling the arugula stry?
A．We pay little attentin t fd waste.B．We waste fd carelessly at times.
C．We waste mre vegetables than meat.D．We have gd reasns fr wasting fd.
28．What is a result f fd waste accrding t the text?
A．Mral decline.B．Envirnmental harm.C．Energy shrtage.D．Wrldwide hunger.
29．What des Curtin suggest peple d?
A．Buy nly what is needed.B．Reduce fd prduct.
C．G shpping nce a week.D．Eat in restaurants less ften.
09
D yu knw hw t get n well with peple? D yu ever feel shy? What situatin makes yu feel shy? D yu smetimes feel that yu dn’t knw hw t interest peple and have cnversatins with them? D peple find an excuse t leave yu as sn as they can?
Try listening! Here is an example f mine.
One evening last week, I was sitting with Hannah, and she said t me, “Yu are a great mm!” And I said, “Why d yu say that suddenly?” She said, “Well, althugh yu are always busy, yu always stp t listen t me.”
Here is sme advice abut listening:
※ Shw the ther persn that yu are listening.
※ Lk at them.
※ Smile and nd quite ften.
※ Shake yur head r raise yur eyebrws if yu dn’t fllw what they are saying.
※ Dn’t tap yur ft because this will shw impatience.
※ Dn’t lk at yur watch unless yu really have t knw the time. If yu shw the impatience, then the ther persn wn’t make friends with yu any mre.
A gd listener has magic! A gd listener can make peple feel gd, and is as imprtant as a gd talker at a party. But just listening is nt enugh. One shuld listen smartly by trying t find ut what the ther persn wuld really like t cmmunicate.
30．Hannah thught her mther was great because ________.
A．her mther always listened t herB．her mther was busy
C．her mther gt n well with thersD．her mther was sitting with her
31．When yu are listening t thers, yu shuldn’t ________.
A．lk at yur watch all the timeB．lk at their eyes
C．smile and ndD．shw yur attitude
32．If yu tap yur ft when listening t thers, maybe yu’ll ________.
A．be a gd listenerB．lse their friendship
C．agree with themD．be a gd friend
33．What shuld be the best title f the passage?
A．Hw t make friends.B．Hw t talk t peple.
C．Hw t be a gd listener.D．Hw t knw a persn.
10
Glbalizatin means that peple, ideas, technlgy, mney, services and many ther things are mving between cuntries and changing the way peple think and act.
Nt everyne thinks the same way abut glbalizatin. Sme peple think it is bad, and sme peple think it is gd. Sme believe that glbalizatin helps rich peple get richer and makes pr peple prer. These peple say that glbalizatin helps big cmpanies like Cca-Cla and McDnald’s destry (破坏) lcal businesses. Hwever, the peple wh think glbalizatin is a gd thing argue that glbalizatin helps prer peple t becme richer. They als think that it desn’t destry lcal cultures. These peple als believe glbalizatin helps prevent wars. This is because cuntries with ecnmic (经济的) cnnectins will try hard t keep gd relatinships s that their ecnmies aren’t destryed.
Whether yu think glbalizatin is gd r bad, it affects the wrld in tw areas: jbs and cultures.
Glbalizatin has had a very strng influence n jbs all ver the wrld. Fr sme wrkers, such as engineers, lawyers and bankers, glbalizatin has been a gd develpment. These wrkers are able t successfully cmpete glbally and have seen an increase in their pay. But fr thse wh wrk in factries r in the service industry at htels, shps and restaurants, it has nt been gd. Wrkers frm prer cuntries are trying t get these types f jbs. They will d the same jb fr less mney. This lwers the pay fr that jb, s peple get paid less t d it.
Cultures have als been affected by glbalizatin. Fds such as Japanese ndles, Indian curry and French cheeses have spread arund the wrld. We can als see an increase in the use f Chinese characters (汉字) in tatts (文身). Sme peple get these tatts but they dn’t really knw what the characters mean. Glbalizatin als influences the film industry. Mst peple have seen American mvies. But because f glbalizatin, Krean, Indian and Japanese mvies have becme mre wrldwide.
N ne knws the future f glbalizatin. Mst experts agree that it will cntinue t grw and have an increasingly greater influence n peple’s lives in the future.
34．Why d sme peple think glbalizatin is gd?
A．Because they think glbalizatin may change lcal cultures.
B．Because they think glbalizatin may help lcal business develp.
C．Because they think glbalizatin may make rich peple becme richer.
D．Because they think glbalizatin may help stp wars amng cuntries.
35．Which is true accrding t Paragraph 4?
A．Engineers will get a lw pay.
B．Peple can get favurite jbs mre easily.
C．Glbalizatin greatly influences peple’s jbs.
D．Wrkers frm rich cuntries get paid less.
36．Which is the advantage f glbalizatin?
A．It helps peple in the wrld knw Chinese characters very well.
B．It makes peple in the wrld g t different cuntries fr mvies easier.
C．Peple in the wrld will wn the same culture in the end.
D．Peple in the wrld can enjy fds frm different cuntries.
37．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Glbalizatin is sure t d gd t peple.
B．Glbalizatin will be limited in the future.
C．Glbalizatin may change peple’s lives in the future.
D．Glbalizatin will be lved all ver the wrld.Chinese painting is ne f the ldest art frms in the wrld. Painting in the traditinal style is knwn tday in Chinese as Guhua.
Traditinal Chinese painting is dne with a brush dipped（浸）in black r clured ink. Paper and silk are als needed fr painting. The finished wrk can be put n scrlls（轴）. Traditinal Chinese painting includes landscape（山水）painting, figures（人物）, bird and flwers. Landscape painting is regarded as the highest frm f Chinese painting.
Chinese flk music is an imprtant part f Chinese culture. It has a lng histry. One f the Cnfucianist Classics（儒家经典）, Shi Jing, cntains many flk sngs. They are much lved by peple up t nw.
Traditinal Chinese musical instruments are symbls f Chinese culture, such as the guqin, guzheng, pipa, erhu, xia and chime（编钟）. The sheng and suna are als ppular in nrthern villages in China. XI’an drum music is large traditinal drum music. It is a valuable part f Chinese ancient music, and is regarded as the “living fssil（化石）f Chinese ancient music” in the wrld.
参考答案
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些城市出现电动踏板车后出现的一些问题。但作者认为电动摩托车是城市交通绿化的重要组成部分。很多的电动滑板车意味着道路上汽车的减少，那么当地的空气质量可能也会改善。
1．词义猜测题。根据“The trip tk far lnger than it wuld have by bike”可知作者花费了比骑自行车更久的时间，再由“A rck, hit at speed, is a terrible thing: weeks later, I still had the red knees f a primary schler.”可知电动车在路上撞到了石头上，作者摔了一跤，a majr spill意为“摔了一跤”。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“In Paris, Mayr Anne Hidalg described the situatin last year as messy. She has annunced that the city is reducing its number f e-scters t 15,000 and plans t create laws frbidding them frm pavements.”可知在巴黎电动踏板车受到了诸多限制。故选C。
3．观点态度题。根据“I think e-scters are an basic part f the effrt t make city transprt greener. They are seen as a key t the ‘last mile’ prblem—a ptential way t reduce transprt jam by rapidly getting smene t their final gal.”可知作者认为电动踏板车在“最后一英里”问题中发挥重要作用。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“Stephen Gssling at Lund University in Sweden has suggested we build car-free ‘micrmbility’ streets, where cyclists, pedestrians and e-scters culd share the rad.”可知Stephen Gssling建议在路上把汽车和电动踏板车分开。故选D。
5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国开发5G网络技术的事情。
5．段落大意题。通读第一段可知，第一段主要告诉我们中国需要5G网络技术的原因。故选B。
6．词义猜测题。根据“It’s expected that just ne standard will be used glbally (全球的) with the 5G technlgy”及“Under the identical standard, different cmpanies can be cnnected, and frm a cmpetitive envirnment”可知，预计5G技术在全球范围内只会使用一种标准，在相同的标准下，不同的公司可以连接起来，形成竞争环境。所以划线单词与same同义。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据“It’s expected that just ne standard will be used glbally…mre cnvenient and cheaper services t peple”可推知，吴库认为5G技术应该在全球使用一种标准。故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据他所说的话“5G will make it pssible t cnnect ne millin devices t the s-called…”可知，他认为5G网络充满了可能性。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据“In the future, it will als be used n high-speed trains mving as fast as 500 kilmeters per hur. In the area f the Internet f Vehicles (汽车), it can be used in unmanned vehicles, assisted driving and the management f smart cities”可知，中国在交通领域将使用5G网络技术。故选A。
10．B 11．D 12．A
【导语】本文讲述最近几年的研究表明，饮食和心里健康之间存在某种联系，控制饮食方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。
10．细节理解题。根据“Histrically, nutritin research has paid much attentin t hw the fds we eat influence ur physical health, rather than ur mental health, thugh.”可知，以前的营养研究主要关注我们的饮食如何影响我们的身体健康。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据“Over the years, large ppulatin studies have fund that peple wh are asked t fllw a Mediterranean diet fr three mnths had greater reductins in symptms f depressin after three mnths cmpared t a cntrl grup.”可知多年来，大规模人群研究发现，与对照组相比，被要求遵循地中海饮食三个月的人在三个月后抑郁症状的减轻程度更大。再由“Public health prfessrs arund the wrld have started encuraging peple t take and use lifestyle behavirs like exercise, sund sleep, a heart-healthy diet and aviding smking that may reduce inflammatin and have advantages fr the brain.”可知世界各地的公共卫生教授已经开始鼓励人们采取和使用生活方式，如锻炼、健康睡眠、心脏健康饮食和避免吸烟，这些行为可能会减少炎症，对大脑有好处。由此推出临床医生个人要将营养纳入他们与患者的工作中是因为他们已经接受了大规模人口研究的结果。故选D。
12．观点态度题。根据“Drew Ramsey, a clinical prfessr at the Clumbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by explring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favrite fds, and finds ut if fds that he cnsiders imprtant fr the cnnectin are missing frm their diets, such as plants, seafd.”可知Drew Ramsey认为我们的饮食和心理健康之间存在某种联系。故选A。
13．D 14．B 15．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了同伴压力对学生的极大影响。
13．细节理解题。根据“The ‘pressure’ happens when peers suggest r demand actins different frm the child’s nrmal behavir and values.”可知行为和价值观不同会导致学生的同伴压力。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“The pwer f peer pressure can result frm a schlchild’s grwing desire t fit int a grup.”可知渴望融入一个群体会让学生出现一些令人不安的负面行为。故选B。
15．观点态度题。根据“Thankfully, peer pressure can als be psitive. Fr example, wanting t jin an athletic grup f friends may frce a student wh has been sitting fr a lng time t try ut fr the sccer team.”可知作者认为同伴压力对学生来说不一定是坏事。故选C。
16．D 17．D 18．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国的传统中国画和中国的民谣。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Traditinal Chinese painting is dne with a brush dipped in black r clured ink. Paper and silk are als needed fr painting. ”可知传统中国画需要用到毛笔、墨水、纸和丝绸。故选D。
17．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“Shi Jing, cntains many flk sngs”可知，诗经里面包含了很多民谣，所以此处应该是include“包含”。故选D。
18．主旨大意题。根据文章主旨可知，本文主要讲了中国画和民谣，都属于中国文化。故选C。
19．C 20．D 21．B 22．B 23．C
【导语】本文是作者在他的博客上与大家分享母亲节的起源的一篇文章。
19．细节理解题。根据“The mdern American hliday f Mther’s Day was first celebrated in 1908 fr her mther in Graftn, West Virginia. ”可知，现代美国的母亲节最初是在1908年庆祝的。故选C。
20．推理判断题。根据“ Anna’s mther was a peace activist wh had cared fr wunded sldiers n bth sides f the Civil War and created Mther’s Day Wrk Clubs t address public health issues.”可知，Anna母亲Ann Reeves Jarvis去世的那一年，曾照顾内战双方受伤的士兵。可推测她是爱好和平的、热心的。故选D。
21．词义猜测题。根据“In China, it is just starting t becme mre and mre ppular. ... Nwadays, flwer arrangements, and handmade gifts are ppular chices. S is giving mthers a day ff t g t a spa r saln.”可知，此处介绍的是庆祝母亲节和举行母亲节的日期一样多种多样。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“In the ld days in France, mthers f large families were given medals.”可知，在过去的法国，大家庭的母亲被授予勋章。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据“Tday I’d like t share the rigin f this festival with yu n my blg.”可知，这篇文章出自网站上的博客。故选C。
24．D 25．C 26．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了伦敦的一家慈善机构提出的养老活动项目——让老年人照看母鸡，目的是让老年人不感到孤独。
24．推理判断题。根据“I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.”可知，80岁的Ruth Xavier很享受这些创造性的活动，在做了一些有用的事情之后感觉很棒，也就是获得了成功的感觉，所以这个项目是为了给老年人一种成功的感觉。故选D。
25．词句猜测题。根据“Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”可知，居民们真的很欢迎这个项目，我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来的好处和乐趣，由此可推知，Wendy Wilsn是最初实施这个项目的人之一，所以embark n意为“开始”。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据“Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins.”和“We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.”可知，居民很喜欢这个项目，Lynn Lewis认为这个项目可以通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动将大家联系在一起，这些都是对这个项目的肯定评价，说明这个项目很受欢迎。故选A。
27．B 28．B 29．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste.(像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.(但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem”可知，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn’t eat,”可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物。故选A。
30．A 31．A 32．B 33．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了如何做一个好的倾听者，并给出了一些建议。
30．细节理解题。根据“ ‘Why d yu say that suddenly?’ She said, ‘Well, althugh yu are always busy, yu always stp t listen t me.’ ”可知，因为她妈妈总是聆听她说的话，故选A。
31．细节理解题。根据“Dn’t lk at yur watch unless yu really have t knw the time”可知，当你正在听别人说话时不要一直看手表，故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“Dn’t tap yur ft because this will shw impatience”及“If yu shw the impatience, then the ther persn wn’t make friends with yu any mre”可知，用脚打拍子表示出你没有耐心，这样会失去友谊，故选B。
33．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了和别人相处的一种方法，尝试去认真听别人说话，所以最适合本文的标题是“如何成为一个好的倾听者”，故选C。
34．D 35．C 36．D 37．C
【导语】本文介绍了全球化这一热点社会话题。它改变了人们的思维方式和行为方式。在就业和文化两个领域产生了深远的影响。全球化将对人们未来的生活产生越来越大的影响。
34．细节理解题。根据“These peple als believe glbalizatin helps prevent wars. This is because cuntries with ecnmic cnnectins will try hard t keep gd relatinships s that their ecnmies aren’t destryed.”可知，这些人认为全球化有助于防止战争。这是因为国家之间可以保持良好的经济共同体。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据“Glbalizatin has had a very strng influence n jbs all ver the wrld.”可知，全球化对世界各地的工作都产生了深远的影响。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据“Cultures have als been affected by glbalizatin. Fds such as Japanese ndles, Indian curry and French cheeses have spread arund the wrld.”可知，文化也受到全球化的影响。包括饮食文化，你可以享受到来自不同国家的食物。故选D。
37．推理判断题。根据“Mst experts agree that it will cntinue t grw and have an increasingly greater influence n peple’s lives in the future.”可知，全球化将对人们未来的生活产生越来越大的影响。故选C。
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