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第16讲 阅读理解解题技巧-新七年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练
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这是一份第16讲 阅读理解解题技巧-新七年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练，共10页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解题型介绍，阅读理解题型做题技巧，开动脑筋推测词义，用知识和生活经验理解短文，条分缕析理解长旬等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 题型解题技巧
一、阅读理解题型介绍
阅读理解主要考查考生对阅读材料的理解能力及材料中有效信息的捕捉能力等。阅读理解短文中考主要文体包括应用文、记叙文、说明文和议论文，考点包括细节理解、主旨大意、词义猜测、推理判断、观点态度、写作意图、段落大意、标题归纳等。
二、阅读理解题型做题技巧
一、分门别类识别文体。
记叙文阅读主要抓六大要素，时间地点、人物和事件的起因经过和结果。除此之外，还要注意人物之间的关系、表现，再从中分析人物的思想品质、性格特征等。
议论文是阐明对人或事的立场观点，因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的论点和论据，理清论证思路，再进行逻辑推理从而得出结论。
应用文能站近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、 广告、便条、中清书、个人简历等，形式多样，对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。
二、统览全篇摘录要点
阅读理解是对整前文章的目的、意园、观点、立场、志度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，而不是断章取义的孔之见，所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的，这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。
在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录，因为些显性的答案是可以从要点中直接获取的，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。抽录要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。
三、开动脑筋推测词义
初中英语教学基本要求规定，学生能根据上下文推测词义，并能不借助词典读懂含有3%生词的语言材料。换言之，这就是促使学生的知识内化的过程，学生要通过知识内化将内隐的心理活动转换为外显的行为，可以借助以下几种方法完成内化过程:
(1)根据上下文猜测调义。
(2)根据构词法猜测词义。
前缓un-表反义词，如happy-unhappy; fair unfair; imprtant-unimprtant等。
缀-ment表名词，如develp develpment; state statement; argue- argument等。
后最-er、-r或-ist表同源名词，如calculate- calculatr; visit- visitr; law- lawyer; art-artist等。
四、用知识和生活经验理解短文
如根据化学知识，可以理解Walter is made frm xygen and hydrgen;根据生活经验可以理解Green plants let ut xygen and breathe in carbn dixide.
还有一种方法是根据逻辑推理理解短文。逆细推理实际上就是文章的弦外之音”“言下之意”。
五、条分缕析理解长旬
物型，相生间选理制的对点之一，长句中酒常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构，对于这类句子要分清主次先批出包句子的主、谓、宾、定、状、补，再找出修饰它的从句短语等经过分析，化整为零，化默为简，此句就不难理解了。
第二部分 阅读理解专项训练（含解析）
一
Fat peple are always lking fr ways t be slim withut giving up their favurite fd r taking a lt f exercise. Here is sme gd news fr them. This is nt a diet. It’s a simple way t becme slim. And yu dn’t even have t give up the fd yu lve r d a lt f exercise. Yu just fllw sme habits that thin peple have. Keep them, and yu’ll becme thin.
(1) Wake-up
When yu wake up in the mrning, sit up slwly withut using yur hands. With legs straight ut, bend(弯曲) frward until yu feel sre(酸) in yur back. It will burn abut 10 calries(卡路里).
(2) Start with sup
When yu have a meal, rder a clear sup, and have it befre having the main fd. In this way, yu’ll feel fuller, s yu’ll eat less when the main fd cmes.
(3) An apple (r mre) a day
Apples are full f fiber(纤维) and water, s yur stmach(胃) will want less. The study shws that peple wh eat at least three apples a day lse weight.
(4) Stand up and walk arund
Every time yu use the mbile phne, stand up and walk arund. Mst f the heavy peple sit tw and a half hurs mre each day than thin peple. This skill is very imprtant as standing up and walking arund will burn 50 r mre calries.
Use these skills, and yu will becme slimmer and slimmer.
1．What shuld we have first if we want t eat less main fd?
A．Ice cream.B．Sup.C．Salad.D．Cheese.
2．Why des eating apples make ne’s stmach want less fd?
A．Because apples are full f fiber and water.
B．Because apples are sweet.
C．Because apples are delicius.
D．Because nly apples are filled with calries.
3．What’s the purpse(目的) f the passage?
A．T tell peple hw t be slim.
B．T ask peple t eat apples every day.
C．T tell peple hw t enjy a better life.
D．T ask peple t give up bad habits(习惯).
4．In which part f a newspaper can yu read the passage(文章)?
A．Shpping.B．Teaching.C．Family.D．Health.
二
Last summer, Wang Lin visited her uncle in the USA．Her cusin Tm was very happy t meet her. But he had little time t play with her because he was busy making mney by ding summer jbs. He intrduced sme f his jbs t Wang Lin and advised(建议)her t jin him.
5．Wang Lin wants t make a lt f mney in a shrt time but she can’t get up early. Which jb is suitable(合适的) fr her?
A．Lawn mwing.B．Dg walking.C．Newspaper delivering.D．Babysitting.
6．Tm can’t play with Wang Lin because ________.
A．he is nt happy t see herB．he has much hmewrk t d
C．desn’t have much mneyD．he is busy making mney
7．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Tm can drive a car well.
B．Tm is a rich by and he lves animals.
C．Tm knws hw t make babies happy.
D．Tm des fur kinds f summer jbs.
三
D yu sleep well? If yu dn’t, here are sme ideas fr yu.
★G t bed at the same time every night. It helps yur bdy get int a rutine. Keeping this rutine will help yu get better sleep.
★Dn’t eat r drink anything with caffeine befre yu g t sleep. Chclate and ice cream with caffeine are als bad fr yur sleep.
★Dn’t have a TV in yur bedrm. Accrding t a survey, kids usually sleep less with a TV set in their bedrms. If yu have ne, turn it ff when it’s time t sleep.
★Dn’t watch scary TV shws r mvies befre bedtime. They make it hard fr yu t fall asleep. But yu can take a ht shwer r listen t relaxing music.
★Dn’t d much exercise befre ging t bed. D exercise earlier in the daytime. It helps yu sleep better.
★Use yur bed just fr sleeping. Dn’t d yur hmewrk, read bks r play games n the phne when yu are in bed.
8．The underlined wrd “rutine” means “________” in Chinese.
A．道路B．更新C．常规D．速度
9．Accrding t the passage, we can’t ________ befre ging t bed.
① watch scary mvies ② take a shwer ③ play basketball
④ drink a cup f cffee ⑤listen t relaxing music
A．①②③B．①③④C．②③④D．①④⑤
10．Which is NOT TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．A warm shwer can help yu sleep well.
B．It’s nt gd t have a TV in a bedrm.
C．Ging t bed at the same time is gd fr yu.
D．Befre ging t bed, yu can eat ice cream with caffeine.
11．The passage maybe is frm a bk abut ________.
A．weatherB．healthC．sprtsD．music
12．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．Hw t sleep wellB．Where t exercise
C．When t g t bedD．Why t listen t music
四
Welcme t ur restaurant and enjy ur nice fd!
13．Hw much is the rice with vegetables?
A．￥3.00.B．￥4.00.C．￥4.48.D．￥7.00.
14．Tm buys tw hamburgers and three ice-creams. Hw much des he have t pay?
A．￥23.00.B．￥26.00.C．￥29.00.D．￥33.00.
15．Yu can’t buy ________ in this restaurant
A．fried chickenB．chclateC．banana cakesD．Bread
五
16．Judy ________ in the schl library.
A．lst her watchB．fund a watchC．lst her penD．fund an eraser
17．What clr is the watch?
A．Red.B．Yellw.C．Blue.D．Black.
18．If yu lse yur eraser, yu can call ________.
A．LindaB．CindyC．JudyD．Frank
六
Everything has a name. All peple, places, and things have names. Jenny is the name f a student frm the UK. The UK is the name f a cuntry. Cities and twns（城镇）have names, t. Schls als have names. Tmat, ptat and carrt are names f vegetables. Apple, range and banana are names f fruit.
When we meet a new persn（人）, we usually ask, “What’s yur name?” Mst peple have tw names. Names are different all ver the wrld. In Jenny’s class, she must knw the names f the students frm all ver the wrld. This is nt easy because the names are very different（不同的）.
In the USA, mst peple have a first name, a middle name and a last name. Parents chse（选择）the first and middle names fr their babies. The last name is the family name. Usually it is the father’s family name. In a family, the mther, the father and the children usually have the same last name.
Smetimes a persn has a nickname, t. A nickname is a special name. It’s nt a persn’s real name. Abraham Lincln’s nickname was “Hnest Abe”, because he was hnest（诚实的）. And it is shrt fr Abraham. Pele is the nickname f the ftball player, Edisn Aeraesde Nasciment. But everyne calls him Pele.
19．The UK is the name f ________.
A．a cityB．a twnC．a cuntryD．a schl
20．It is nt easy fr Jenny t knw all the names in her class because ________.
A．the names are different
B．mst peple have tw names
C．sme peple have nicknames
D．sme names are very lng and sme are very shrt
21．In the USA, ________.
A．parents chse the middle and last name fr their babies.
B．the mther, the father and the children usually have different last names in a family
C．every persn has a nickname
D．Abraham Lincln’s nickname was “Hnest Abe” because he was an hnest persn
22．Accrding t the passage, what is Pele’s real name?
A．Hnest Abe.B．Abraham Lincln.
C．Edisn Aeraesde Nasciment.D．We dn’t knw.
6:30 a.m.
newspaper delivering(派送)
If yu are gd at riding a bicycle and can get up early, sending newspapers dr t dr is a gd jb fr yu. Yu can make a lt f mney by wrking fr 2 r 3 neighburhds at the same time.
9:00 a.m.
dg walking
If yu are a pet lver, there is n better jb than a dg walker. Yu can nt nly play with lvely pets, but als get sme extra mney.
10:00 a.m.
lawn mwing(修剪草坪)
If a hmewner is n hliday, he will need smene t mw the lawn. Usually, yu can charge(收费) anywhere frm $10 t $40 per metre accrding t the size f the lawn. It will really make yu a rich persn amng yur friends in a very shrt time.
4:00 p.m.
babysitting(临时保姆)
Parents need babysitters smetimes when they g fr date nights and ther scial(社会) activities. Since yu knw the games kids enjy, yu can stp the babies frm crying by teaching them these interesting things.
Menu
MAIN FOOD(主食)
Hamburger ￥10.00
Fried chicken ￥7.00
Rice with eggs ￥4.50
Rice with vegetables ￥4.00
DRINKS
Orange juice ￥3.50/glass ￥6.00 fr TWO
Apple juice ￥2.50/glass ￥4.50 fr TWO
Cke ￥5.00/bttle ￥9.00 fr TWO
Milk ￥4.00/bttle
DESSERTS（甜食）
Chclate ￥12.00/bar
Banana cake ￥5.00
Ice-cream ￥3.00
My name is Judy. I lst my pen in the schl library. The clr f it is red and yellw. Can yu find it? Please call me at 347-8720. Thank yu a lt.
Whse watch is it? I fund it n the schl playgrund. It's black and it's very nice, If yu want t find it, yu can call Cindy at 325-6701.
There is an eraser in the lst and fund bx in my schl. The clr f it is blue, Is it yurs? If yu lse it, please call Frank at 217-5691.
参考答案
一
短文大意
文章主要介绍了一些实用的减肥技巧，分别是早上起床时做点运动、饭前先喝汤、多吃苹果、经常站立或走动。
答案解析
1．细节理解题。根据“When yu have a meal, rder a clear sup, and have it befre having the main fd. In this way, yu’ll feel fuller, s yu’ll eat less when the main fd cmes.”可知，主菜之前先喝汤，可以让你主食吃的更少。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Apples are full f fiber(纤维) and water, s yur stmach(胃) will want less.”可知，是因为苹果满是纤维素和水分。故选A。
3．主旨大意题。根据“And yu dn’t even have t give up the fd yu lve r d a lt f exercise. Yu just fllw sme habits that thin peple have. Keep them, and yu’ll becme thin.”可知，这是一篇建议如何减肥的文章。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据文章的主旨是分享减肥小技巧可推断出，这是一篇有关于健康的文章，可能出现在报纸的健康版面。故选D。
二
短文大意
本文是汤姆向王琳介绍自己暑假的工作，并且并劝她加入他的工作。
答案解析
5．细节理解题。根据第三个工作lawn mwing的时间10:00 a.m.和“It will really make yu a rich persn amng yur friends in a very shrt time.”可知，王琳想在短时间内挣很多钱，但她不能早起，只有修剪草坪这个工作适合她，故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据“But he had little time t play with her because he was busy making mney by ding summer jbs.”可知，因为他忙着赚钱，所以没有时间和王琳玩，故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据“He intrduced sme f his jbs t Wang Lin and advised(建议)her t jin him.”和文章内容可知，Tm介绍了他在做的四种工作，这四种工作应该都是Tm会做的，故选C。
三
短文大意
文章主要是介绍几个有助于睡眠的好建议。
答案解析
8．词义猜测题。根据“G t bed at the same time every night.”可知，要让按时睡觉成为一种习惯，所以“rutine”指的是习惯，常规，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“Dn’t eat r drink anything with caffeine befre yu g t sleep. Chclate and ice cream with caffeine are als bad fr yur sleep.”以及“Dn’t watch scary TV shws r mvies befre bedtime.”以及“Dn’t d much exercise befre ging t bed.”可知，睡前不要吃或喝任何含咖啡因的东西；睡前不要看恐怖的电视节目或电影；睡觉前不要做太多运动。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据“Dn’t eat r drink anything with caffeine befre yu g t sleep. Chclate and ice cream with caffeine are als bad fr yur sleep.”可知，睡前吃含有咖啡因的冰淇淋会影响睡眠，故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据“D yu sleep well? If yu dn’t, here are sme ideas fr yu.”及整个文章的理解可知，本文是健康方面的建议，应该是来源于与健康有关的专栏，故选B。
12．最佳标题题。根据“D yu sleep well? If yu dn’t, here are sme ideas fr yu.”及整个文章的理解可知，本文主要是介绍几个有助于睡眠的好建议，故选A。
四
短文大意
文章是一家餐厅的菜单的详细介绍情况。
答案解析
13．细节理解题。根据“MAIN FOOD(主食)”中的信息“Rice with vegetables ￥4.00”可知，青菜炒饭是4元，故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据“MAIN FOOD(主食)”中的信息“Hamburger ￥10.00”以及“DESSERTS（甜食）”中的“Ice-cream ￥3.00”可知，一个汉堡是10元，两个就是20元，一个冰淇淋是3元，三个就是9元，所以买两个汉堡和三个冰淇淋一共需要29元，故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据整个菜单的显示可知，菜单中没有面包卖，故选D。
五
短文大意
表格中提供了Judy、Cindy和Frank的姓名、联系方式、丢失和捡到的物品。
答案解析
16．细节理解题。根据表格一“My name is Judy. I lst my pen in the schl library.”可知Judy丢了钢笔。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据表格二“It's black and it's very nice”可知，手表是黑色的。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据表格三“If yu lse it, please call Frank at 217-5691.”可知，如果丢了橡皮可以给Frank打电话。故选D。
六
短文大意
每个事物都有名字，如人、地方、事物等等，名字很重要，我们每天都要使用。这篇短文给我们介绍了关于“名字”的一些有趣的事。
答案解析
19．细节理解题。根据“The UK is the name f a cuntry.”可知，英国是一个国家的名字。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“This is nt easy because the names are very different（不同的）.”可知，珍妮不容易知道她班上所有的名字，因为名字不一样。故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据“Abraham Lincln's nickname was "Hnest Abe", because he was hnest（诚实的）. And it is shrt fr Abraham.”可知，亚伯拉罕·林肯的绰号是“诚实的亚伯”，因为他是一个诚实的人，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据“Pele is the nickname f the ftball player, Edisn Aeraesde Nasciment.”可知，Pele是足球运动员Edisn Aeraesde Nasciment的昵称。故选C。
第一部分 题型解题技巧
一、阅读理解题型介绍
阅读理解主要考查考生对阅读材料的理解能力及材料中有效信息的捕捉能力等。阅读理解短文中考主要文体包括应用文、记叙文、说明文和议论文，考点包括细节理解、主旨大意、词义猜测、推理判断、观点态度、写作意图、段落大意、标题归纳等。
二、阅读理解题型做题技巧
一、分门别类识别文体。
记叙文阅读主要抓六大要素，时间地点、人物和事件的起因经过和结果。除此之外，还要注意人物之间的关系、表现，再从中分析人物的思想品质、性格特征等。
议论文是阐明对人或事的立场观点，因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的论点和论据，理清论证思路，再进行逻辑推理从而得出结论。
应用文能站近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、 广告、便条、中清书、个人简历等，形式多样，对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。
二、统览全篇摘录要点
阅读理解是对整前文章的目的、意园、观点、立场、志度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，而不是断章取义的孔之见，所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的，这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。
在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录，因为些显性的答案是可以从要点中直接获取的，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。抽录要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。
三、开动脑筋推测词义
初中英语教学基本要求规定，学生能根据上下文推测词义，并能不借助词典读懂含有3%生词的语言材料。换言之，这就是促使学生的知识内化的过程，学生要通过知识内化将内隐的心理活动转换为外显的行为，可以借助以下几种方法完成内化过程:
(1)根据上下文猜测调义。
(2)根据构词法猜测词义。
前缓un-表反义词，如happy-unhappy; fair unfair; imprtant-unimprtant等。
缀-ment表名词，如develp develpment; state statement; argue- argument等。
后最-er、-r或-ist表同源名词，如calculate- calculatr; visit- visitr; law- lawyer; art-artist等。
四、用知识和生活经验理解短文
如根据化学知识，可以理解Walter is made frm xygen and hydrgen;根据生活经验可以理解Green plants let ut xygen and breathe in carbn dixide.
还有一种方法是根据逻辑推理理解短文。逆细推理实际上就是文章的弦外之音”“言下之意”。
五、条分缕析理解长旬
物型，相生间选理制的对点之一，长句中酒常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构，对于这类句子要分清主次先批出包句子的主、谓、宾、定、状、补，再找出修饰它的从句短语等经过分析，化整为零，化默为简，此句就不难理解了。
第二部分 阅读理解专项训练（含解析）
一
Fat peple are always lking fr ways t be slim withut giving up their favurite fd r taking a lt f exercise. Here is sme gd news fr them. This is nt a diet. It’s a simple way t becme slim. And yu dn’t even have t give up the fd yu lve r d a lt f exercise. Yu just fllw sme habits that thin peple have. Keep them, and yu’ll becme thin.
(1) Wake-up
When yu wake up in the mrning, sit up slwly withut using yur hands. With legs straight ut, bend(弯曲) frward until yu feel sre(酸) in yur back. It will burn abut 10 calries(卡路里).
(2) Start with sup
When yu have a meal, rder a clear sup, and have it befre having the main fd. In this way, yu’ll feel fuller, s yu’ll eat less when the main fd cmes.
(3) An apple (r mre) a day
Apples are full f fiber(纤维) and water, s yur stmach(胃) will want less. The study shws that peple wh eat at least three apples a day lse weight.
(4) Stand up and walk arund
Every time yu use the mbile phne, stand up and walk arund. Mst f the heavy peple sit tw and a half hurs mre each day than thin peple. This skill is very imprtant as standing up and walking arund will burn 50 r mre calries.
Use these skills, and yu will becme slimmer and slimmer.
1．What shuld we have first if we want t eat less main fd?
A．Ice cream.B．Sup.C．Salad.D．Cheese.
2．Why des eating apples make ne’s stmach want less fd?
A．Because apples are full f fiber and water.
B．Because apples are sweet.
C．Because apples are delicius.
D．Because nly apples are filled with calries.
3．What’s the purpse(目的) f the passage?
A．T tell peple hw t be slim.
B．T ask peple t eat apples every day.
C．T tell peple hw t enjy a better life.
D．T ask peple t give up bad habits(习惯).
4．In which part f a newspaper can yu read the passage(文章)?
A．Shpping.B．Teaching.C．Family.D．Health.
二
Last summer, Wang Lin visited her uncle in the USA．Her cusin Tm was very happy t meet her. But he had little time t play with her because he was busy making mney by ding summer jbs. He intrduced sme f his jbs t Wang Lin and advised(建议)her t jin him.
5．Wang Lin wants t make a lt f mney in a shrt time but she can’t get up early. Which jb is suitable(合适的) fr her?
A．Lawn mwing.B．Dg walking.C．Newspaper delivering.D．Babysitting.
6．Tm can’t play with Wang Lin because ________.
A．he is nt happy t see herB．he has much hmewrk t d
C．desn’t have much mneyD．he is busy making mney
7．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Tm can drive a car well.
B．Tm is a rich by and he lves animals.
C．Tm knws hw t make babies happy.
D．Tm des fur kinds f summer jbs.
三
D yu sleep well? If yu dn’t, here are sme ideas fr yu.
★G t bed at the same time every night. It helps yur bdy get int a rutine. Keeping this rutine will help yu get better sleep.
★Dn’t eat r drink anything with caffeine befre yu g t sleep. Chclate and ice cream with caffeine are als bad fr yur sleep.
★Dn’t have a TV in yur bedrm. Accrding t a survey, kids usually sleep less with a TV set in their bedrms. If yu have ne, turn it ff when it’s time t sleep.
★Dn’t watch scary TV shws r mvies befre bedtime. They make it hard fr yu t fall asleep. But yu can take a ht shwer r listen t relaxing music.
★Dn’t d much exercise befre ging t bed. D exercise earlier in the daytime. It helps yu sleep better.
★Use yur bed just fr sleeping. Dn’t d yur hmewrk, read bks r play games n the phne when yu are in bed.
8．The underlined wrd “rutine” means “________” in Chinese.
A．道路B．更新C．常规D．速度
9．Accrding t the passage, we can’t ________ befre ging t bed.
① watch scary mvies ② take a shwer ③ play basketball
④ drink a cup f cffee ⑤listen t relaxing music
A．①②③B．①③④C．②③④D．①④⑤
10．Which is NOT TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．A warm shwer can help yu sleep well.
B．It’s nt gd t have a TV in a bedrm.
C．Ging t bed at the same time is gd fr yu.
D．Befre ging t bed, yu can eat ice cream with caffeine.
11．The passage maybe is frm a bk abut ________.
A．weatherB．healthC．sprtsD．music
12．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．Hw t sleep wellB．Where t exercise
C．When t g t bedD．Why t listen t music
四
Welcme t ur restaurant and enjy ur nice fd!
13．Hw much is the rice with vegetables?
A．￥3.00.B．￥4.00.C．￥4.48.D．￥7.00.
14．Tm buys tw hamburgers and three ice-creams. Hw much des he have t pay?
A．￥23.00.B．￥26.00.C．￥29.00.D．￥33.00.
15．Yu can’t buy ________ in this restaurant
A．fried chickenB．chclateC．banana cakesD．Bread
五
16．Judy ________ in the schl library.
A．lst her watchB．fund a watchC．lst her penD．fund an eraser
17．What clr is the watch?
A．Red.B．Yellw.C．Blue.D．Black.
18．If yu lse yur eraser, yu can call ________.
A．LindaB．CindyC．JudyD．Frank
六
Everything has a name. All peple, places, and things have names. Jenny is the name f a student frm the UK. The UK is the name f a cuntry. Cities and twns（城镇）have names, t. Schls als have names. Tmat, ptat and carrt are names f vegetables. Apple, range and banana are names f fruit.
When we meet a new persn（人）, we usually ask, “What’s yur name?” Mst peple have tw names. Names are different all ver the wrld. In Jenny’s class, she must knw the names f the students frm all ver the wrld. This is nt easy because the names are very different（不同的）.
In the USA, mst peple have a first name, a middle name and a last name. Parents chse（选择）the first and middle names fr their babies. The last name is the family name. Usually it is the father’s family name. In a family, the mther, the father and the children usually have the same last name.
Smetimes a persn has a nickname, t. A nickname is a special name. It’s nt a persn’s real name. Abraham Lincln’s nickname was “Hnest Abe”, because he was hnest（诚实的）. And it is shrt fr Abraham. Pele is the nickname f the ftball player, Edisn Aeraesde Nasciment. But everyne calls him Pele.
19．The UK is the name f ________.
A．a cityB．a twnC．a cuntryD．a schl
20．It is nt easy fr Jenny t knw all the names in her class because ________.
A．the names are different
B．mst peple have tw names
C．sme peple have nicknames
D．sme names are very lng and sme are very shrt
21．In the USA, ________.
A．parents chse the middle and last name fr their babies.
B．the mther, the father and the children usually have different last names in a family
C．every persn has a nickname
D．Abraham Lincln’s nickname was “Hnest Abe” because he was an hnest persn
22．Accrding t the passage, what is Pele’s real name?
A．Hnest Abe.B．Abraham Lincln.
C．Edisn Aeraesde Nasciment.D．We dn’t knw.
6:30 a.m.
newspaper delivering(派送)
If yu are gd at riding a bicycle and can get up early, sending newspapers dr t dr is a gd jb fr yu. Yu can make a lt f mney by wrking fr 2 r 3 neighburhds at the same time.
9:00 a.m.
dg walking
If yu are a pet lver, there is n better jb than a dg walker. Yu can nt nly play with lvely pets, but als get sme extra mney.
10:00 a.m.
lawn mwing(修剪草坪)
If a hmewner is n hliday, he will need smene t mw the lawn. Usually, yu can charge(收费) anywhere frm $10 t $40 per metre accrding t the size f the lawn. It will really make yu a rich persn amng yur friends in a very shrt time.
4:00 p.m.
babysitting(临时保姆)
Parents need babysitters smetimes when they g fr date nights and ther scial(社会) activities. Since yu knw the games kids enjy, yu can stp the babies frm crying by teaching them these interesting things.
Menu
MAIN FOOD(主食)
Hamburger ￥10.00
Fried chicken ￥7.00
Rice with eggs ￥4.50
Rice with vegetables ￥4.00
DRINKS
Orange juice ￥3.50/glass ￥6.00 fr TWO
Apple juice ￥2.50/glass ￥4.50 fr TWO
Cke ￥5.00/bttle ￥9.00 fr TWO
Milk ￥4.00/bttle
DESSERTS（甜食）
Chclate ￥12.00/bar
Banana cake ￥5.00
Ice-cream ￥3.00
My name is Judy. I lst my pen in the schl library. The clr f it is red and yellw. Can yu find it? Please call me at 347-8720. Thank yu a lt.
Whse watch is it? I fund it n the schl playgrund. It's black and it's very nice, If yu want t find it, yu can call Cindy at 325-6701.
There is an eraser in the lst and fund bx in my schl. The clr f it is blue, Is it yurs? If yu lse it, please call Frank at 217-5691.
参考答案
一
短文大意
文章主要介绍了一些实用的减肥技巧，分别是早上起床时做点运动、饭前先喝汤、多吃苹果、经常站立或走动。
答案解析
1．细节理解题。根据“When yu have a meal, rder a clear sup, and have it befre having the main fd. In this way, yu’ll feel fuller, s yu’ll eat less when the main fd cmes.”可知，主菜之前先喝汤，可以让你主食吃的更少。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Apples are full f fiber(纤维) and water, s yur stmach(胃) will want less.”可知，是因为苹果满是纤维素和水分。故选A。
3．主旨大意题。根据“And yu dn’t even have t give up the fd yu lve r d a lt f exercise. Yu just fllw sme habits that thin peple have. Keep them, and yu’ll becme thin.”可知，这是一篇建议如何减肥的文章。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据文章的主旨是分享减肥小技巧可推断出，这是一篇有关于健康的文章，可能出现在报纸的健康版面。故选D。
二
短文大意
本文是汤姆向王琳介绍自己暑假的工作，并且并劝她加入他的工作。
答案解析
5．细节理解题。根据第三个工作lawn mwing的时间10:00 a.m.和“It will really make yu a rich persn amng yur friends in a very shrt time.”可知，王琳想在短时间内挣很多钱，但她不能早起，只有修剪草坪这个工作适合她，故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据“But he had little time t play with her because he was busy making mney by ding summer jbs.”可知，因为他忙着赚钱，所以没有时间和王琳玩，故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据“He intrduced sme f his jbs t Wang Lin and advised(建议)her t jin him.”和文章内容可知，Tm介绍了他在做的四种工作，这四种工作应该都是Tm会做的，故选C。
三
短文大意
文章主要是介绍几个有助于睡眠的好建议。
答案解析
8．词义猜测题。根据“G t bed at the same time every night.”可知，要让按时睡觉成为一种习惯，所以“rutine”指的是习惯，常规，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“Dn’t eat r drink anything with caffeine befre yu g t sleep. Chclate and ice cream with caffeine are als bad fr yur sleep.”以及“Dn’t watch scary TV shws r mvies befre bedtime.”以及“Dn’t d much exercise befre ging t bed.”可知，睡前不要吃或喝任何含咖啡因的东西；睡前不要看恐怖的电视节目或电影；睡觉前不要做太多运动。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据“Dn’t eat r drink anything with caffeine befre yu g t sleep. Chclate and ice cream with caffeine are als bad fr yur sleep.”可知，睡前吃含有咖啡因的冰淇淋会影响睡眠，故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据“D yu sleep well? If yu dn’t, here are sme ideas fr yu.”及整个文章的理解可知，本文是健康方面的建议，应该是来源于与健康有关的专栏，故选B。
12．最佳标题题。根据“D yu sleep well? If yu dn’t, here are sme ideas fr yu.”及整个文章的理解可知，本文主要是介绍几个有助于睡眠的好建议，故选A。
四
短文大意
文章是一家餐厅的菜单的详细介绍情况。
答案解析
13．细节理解题。根据“MAIN FOOD(主食)”中的信息“Rice with vegetables ￥4.00”可知，青菜炒饭是4元，故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据“MAIN FOOD(主食)”中的信息“Hamburger ￥10.00”以及“DESSERTS（甜食）”中的“Ice-cream ￥3.00”可知，一个汉堡是10元，两个就是20元，一个冰淇淋是3元，三个就是9元，所以买两个汉堡和三个冰淇淋一共需要29元，故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据整个菜单的显示可知，菜单中没有面包卖，故选D。
五
短文大意
表格中提供了Judy、Cindy和Frank的姓名、联系方式、丢失和捡到的物品。
答案解析
16．细节理解题。根据表格一“My name is Judy. I lst my pen in the schl library.”可知Judy丢了钢笔。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据表格二“It's black and it's very nice”可知，手表是黑色的。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据表格三“If yu lse it, please call Frank at 217-5691.”可知，如果丢了橡皮可以给Frank打电话。故选D。
六
短文大意
每个事物都有名字，如人、地方、事物等等，名字很重要，我们每天都要使用。这篇短文给我们介绍了关于“名字”的一些有趣的事。
答案解析
19．细节理解题。根据“The UK is the name f a cuntry.”可知，英国是一个国家的名字。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“This is nt easy because the names are very different（不同的）.”可知，珍妮不容易知道她班上所有的名字，因为名字不一样。故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据“Abraham Lincln's nickname was "Hnest Abe", because he was hnest（诚实的）. And it is shrt fr Abraham.”可知，亚伯拉罕·林肯的绰号是“诚实的亚伯”，因为他是一个诚实的人，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据“Pele is the nickname f the ftball player, Edisn Aeraesde Nasciment.”可知，Pele是足球运动员Edisn Aeraesde Nasciment的昵称。故选C。
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