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专题四 语法填空 第3讲 无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词 课件-2024年高考英语二轮复习
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这是一份专题四 语法填空 第3讲 无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词 课件-2024年高考英语二轮复习，共51页。PPT课件主要包含了第3讲，that，one，overabove，with，for，him，them，the，withto等内容，欢迎下载使用。
无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词
技法一 如何确定填冠词
冠词是名词的标志，当空后是名词或“形容词＋名词”，而且没有其他限定词时，一般需要用冠词。
[注意] 冠词的特殊用法还有：1.动词＋sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位，如take sb by the arm“抓住某人的手臂”。2.抽象名词具体化：某些抽象名词可以与不定冠词连用，常见的有pleasure，surprise，cmfrt，danger，success，failure，duty，experience 等。
技法二 如何确定填代词
语法填空考查代词时，有两种考查方式，有提示词类和无提示词类，人称代词、物主代词及反身代词多以有提示词的形式出现，已经在前面做了讲解。无提示词类主要考查对前面名词指代的代词、it的用法以及不定代词。
[注意] 1.常用it作形式主语的句型有：It＋be＋adj.＋f/fr sb＋t d sth.It is n gd/n use/useless/a waste f time ding sth.It is a pity/a fact/n wnder/adj.＋ seems/appears/turns ut/ccurs t sb＋ is said/reprted/believed/...＋ takes sb sme time/mney t d sth.
2.常用it作形式宾语的句型有：主语＋think/believe/suppse/cnsider/make/keep/...＋it＋补语＋t d sth/that...主语＋like/hate/lve/appreciate/...＋it＋从句。3.其他固定句型和用法：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他。When it cmes t...当谈到……as sb puts it正如某人所言make it成功
技法三 如何确定填介词
当空格后出现的是名词、代词或动名词，且这些词不作主语、定语或表语时，需要考虑填介词。
Grup 1 达标练1.(2023·江西赣州一模)As it is purely and fairly clear and rich in clr，there ges the saying that n water is wrth yur attentin after yur visit ____ Jiuzhaigu.2.(2023·安徽黄山二检)Zhu has been ffered pprtunities t g abrad and exchange experience peers verseas.
3.(2023·安徽池州质监)It has wn the lve f the majrity f peple in China and been regarded ne f the best matches fr rice.4.(2023·广东梅州二模)She wrte in the vide，“My grandpa accmpanied me as I grew up and I will accmpany as he grws ld.”5.(2023·福建福州质检)Chen says，“I feel ur respnsibility t cmmunicate abut the charm f the primitive inscriptin with the yunger generatins and freigners.”
6.(2023·海南万宁二模)After the bks are returned，a 24-hur smart srting line will allw t be back n the shelves quickly.7.(2023·广东江门一模)When the rver finally apprached the bject，it turned ut t be rabbit-shaped rck.What an interesting cincidence!8.(2023·河北石家庄质检) was a custm fr peple t hang peach wd charms t drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival.
9.(2023·湖南株洲一模)One day，when we lk up at the sky，we may find that many satellites in vast universe are lking back at us.10.(2023·陕西榆林一模)A living tree is thus imprtant strage site fr carbn which might therwise be added t the levels f carbn dixide in the atmsphere.
Grup 2 真题练1.(2023·全国甲)She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety，and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility saving their envirnment.2.(2023·全国乙)Frm Buddhist temples t museums，narrw hutng ryal palaces，it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut，with the city keeping its carefully built system f ring rads.
3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)There，yu’ll find them prepared differently—mre dumpling and less sup，and the wrappers are pressed hand rather than rlled.4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)The meat shuld be fresh with tuch f sweetness，and the surrunding sup ht，clear and delicius.5.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)And wh d they speak English ?
6.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)Nt the pandas，even thugh language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English.7.(2023·浙江1月)In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City，the Summer Palace，and the Temple f Heaven，the hutngs reflect culture f grassrts Beijingers.
8.(2022·全国乙)May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day，which was named fficially the United Natins n Nvember 27th,2019.9.(2020·浙江7月改编)My parents made a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside，n matter the weather r seasn.10.(2020·江苏改编)But was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the mst significant，the researchers fund.
A(2023·湖北武汉武昌区5月质检)The AI-pwered ChatGPT has drawn great interest frm investrs hungry fr the next big thing in Tech.Created by OpenAI，a private cmpany backed by Micrsft，
这是一篇说明文。ChatGPT的受欢迎程度引起了美国立法者的注意，他们质疑它对教育和国家安全的影响。
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语ChatGPT与谓语动词estimate构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was estimated。
ChatGPT 1.______________ (estimate) t have reached 100 millin mnthly active users just tw mnths after launch，
was estimated
考查副词的最高级。根据定冠词the以及句意可知，应用最高级形式修饰形容词grwing。故填fastest。
making it the 2. (fast) grwing cnsumer applicatin in histry.
考查冠词。此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，且target是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
But its ppularity has als made it 3. target fr regulatin，attracting the attentin f US lawmakers with questins abut its impact n educatin and natinal security.
考查状语从句。结合句意可知，空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，应用althugh，thugh或while。故填althugh/thugh/while。
Cngressman Ted Lieu，said that 4. he was excited abut the Chatbt，he was als shcked by AI，specially AI that is left unchecked.
althugh/thugh/while
考查名词。作介词的宾语，表示“责任”应用名词respnsibility。故填respnsibility。
One law firm fcused n AI 5. (respnsible) pinted t the natinal security cncerns.It wrte f evil leaders，
respnsibility
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，use与逻辑主语evil leaders，nn-state actrs and malicius state actrs构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填using。
nn-state actrs and malicius(恶意的) state actrs 6._______(use) these systems t generate infrmatin that culd be wrng r culd be harmful.
考查副词。修饰动词应用副词mainly作状语。故填mainly。
At this pint much f the recent cncern abut ChatGPT has cme 7. (main) frm educatrs wh fcus n cheating and plagiarism(剽窃).Others have viced cncern that their cmputer prgram culd als be used t spread false infrmatin.
考查介词。短语be cnsistent with表示“符合，与……一致”。故填with。
In a statement OpenAI said，“ChatGPT’s free use by everyne is cnsistent 8.______ the principles f demcratizatin infrmatin.
考查代词。此处指前文提到的ChatGPT，应用代词it。故填it。
We dn’t want 9. t be used fr misleading purpse in schls r anywhere else，
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，generate与逻辑主语texts构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填generated。
s we are trying t find ways t help anyne identify texts 10.___________ (generate) by that system.”
B(2023·江西新余二模)Up t nw，the tw episdes f Three Bdies released 1. __________ (gain) mre than 100 millin views n the website.The latest animated(动画的) versin f China’s award-winning sci-fi nvel The Three-Bdy Prblem has becme a quick hit nline，
have gained
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刘慈欣的小说《三体》的改编版本很受观众的喜爱。
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由Up t nw可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词应用have。故填have gained。
adding t the list f ppular 2._____________(dmestic) prduced animatins.
考查副词。此处应用副词修饰过去分词prduced。故填dmestically。
dmestically
3. (call) The Three-Bdy Animatin，the 15-episde series is based n the secnd bk f Liu Cixin’s trilgy(三部曲) and has gained praise frm fans nline after being released n Dec.10.
考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语the 15-episde series和动词call之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，单词位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Called。
The “Three-Bdy” series is Liu’s best-selling science-fictin trilgy,4._________has since gained a massive fllwing hme and abrad.
考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The “Three-Bdy” series，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。
Due t the grwing desire 5. the sci-fi type in China，
考查介词。固定搭配the/a desire fr表示“对……的渴望”。故填fr。
Liu’s wrks have been adapted int varius 6._______(frm)，including animatins，games，films，and TV series.
考查名词的复数。由varius可知，应用名词的复数形式作宾语。故填frms。
A previus animatin based n the “Three-Bdy” series als appeared as a hit when it 7.______________(release).In 2020，the mvie，The Wandering Earth，based n Liu’s shrt stry f the same name，
考查动词的时态和语态。根据主句为过去时，when引导的时间状语从句也用过去时，it与release之间为被动关系，故填was released。
was released
became ne f the mst 8. (influence) mvies in China，
考查形容词。此处应用形容词influential和the mst构成最高级，作定语，修饰名词mvies。故填influential。
influential
and the sci-fi mvie lvers elected 9. the mst mving ne f the year.
考查代词。此处应用代词it代指上文提到的The Wandering Earth，作宾语。故填it。
One glbal streaming platfrm is als releasing 10. adaptatin f “The Three-Bdy Prblem” series next.
考查冠词。此处表示“一个改编版”，表示泛指，应用不定冠词来修饰，且adaptatin的发音是以元音音素开头。故填an。
无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词
技法一 如何确定填冠词
冠词是名词的标志，当空后是名词或“形容词＋名词”，而且没有其他限定词时，一般需要用冠词。
[注意] 冠词的特殊用法还有：1.动词＋sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位，如take sb by the arm“抓住某人的手臂”。2.抽象名词具体化：某些抽象名词可以与不定冠词连用，常见的有pleasure，surprise，cmfrt，danger，success，failure，duty，experience 等。
技法二 如何确定填代词
语法填空考查代词时，有两种考查方式，有提示词类和无提示词类，人称代词、物主代词及反身代词多以有提示词的形式出现，已经在前面做了讲解。无提示词类主要考查对前面名词指代的代词、it的用法以及不定代词。
[注意] 1.常用it作形式主语的句型有：It＋be＋adj.＋f/fr sb＋t d sth.It is n gd/n use/useless/a waste f time ding sth.It is a pity/a fact/n wnder/adj.＋ seems/appears/turns ut/ccurs t sb＋ is said/reprted/believed/...＋ takes sb sme time/mney t d sth.
2.常用it作形式宾语的句型有：主语＋think/believe/suppse/cnsider/make/keep/...＋it＋补语＋t d sth/that...主语＋like/hate/lve/appreciate/...＋it＋从句。3.其他固定句型和用法：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他。When it cmes t...当谈到……as sb puts it正如某人所言make it成功
技法三 如何确定填介词
当空格后出现的是名词、代词或动名词，且这些词不作主语、定语或表语时，需要考虑填介词。
Grup 1 达标练1.(2023·江西赣州一模)As it is purely and fairly clear and rich in clr，there ges the saying that n water is wrth yur attentin after yur visit ____ Jiuzhaigu.2.(2023·安徽黄山二检)Zhu has been ffered pprtunities t g abrad and exchange experience peers verseas.
3.(2023·安徽池州质监)It has wn the lve f the majrity f peple in China and been regarded ne f the best matches fr rice.4.(2023·广东梅州二模)She wrte in the vide，“My grandpa accmpanied me as I grew up and I will accmpany as he grws ld.”5.(2023·福建福州质检)Chen says，“I feel ur respnsibility t cmmunicate abut the charm f the primitive inscriptin with the yunger generatins and freigners.”
6.(2023·海南万宁二模)After the bks are returned，a 24-hur smart srting line will allw t be back n the shelves quickly.7.(2023·广东江门一模)When the rver finally apprached the bject，it turned ut t be rabbit-shaped rck.What an interesting cincidence!8.(2023·河北石家庄质检) was a custm fr peple t hang peach wd charms t drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival.
9.(2023·湖南株洲一模)One day，when we lk up at the sky，we may find that many satellites in vast universe are lking back at us.10.(2023·陕西榆林一模)A living tree is thus imprtant strage site fr carbn which might therwise be added t the levels f carbn dixide in the atmsphere.
Grup 2 真题练1.(2023·全国甲)She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety，and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility saving their envirnment.2.(2023·全国乙)Frm Buddhist temples t museums，narrw hutng ryal palaces，it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut，with the city keeping its carefully built system f ring rads.
3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)There，yu’ll find them prepared differently—mre dumpling and less sup，and the wrappers are pressed hand rather than rlled.4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)The meat shuld be fresh with tuch f sweetness，and the surrunding sup ht，clear and delicius.5.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)And wh d they speak English ?
6.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)Nt the pandas，even thugh language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English.7.(2023·浙江1月)In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City，the Summer Palace，and the Temple f Heaven，the hutngs reflect culture f grassrts Beijingers.
8.(2022·全国乙)May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day，which was named fficially the United Natins n Nvember 27th,2019.9.(2020·浙江7月改编)My parents made a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside，n matter the weather r seasn.10.(2020·江苏改编)But was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the mst significant，the researchers fund.
A(2023·湖北武汉武昌区5月质检)The AI-pwered ChatGPT has drawn great interest frm investrs hungry fr the next big thing in Tech.Created by OpenAI，a private cmpany backed by Micrsft，
这是一篇说明文。ChatGPT的受欢迎程度引起了美国立法者的注意，他们质疑它对教育和国家安全的影响。
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语ChatGPT与谓语动词estimate构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was estimated。
ChatGPT 1.______________ (estimate) t have reached 100 millin mnthly active users just tw mnths after launch，
was estimated
考查副词的最高级。根据定冠词the以及句意可知，应用最高级形式修饰形容词grwing。故填fastest。
making it the 2. (fast) grwing cnsumer applicatin in histry.
考查冠词。此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，且target是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
But its ppularity has als made it 3. target fr regulatin，attracting the attentin f US lawmakers with questins abut its impact n educatin and natinal security.
考查状语从句。结合句意可知，空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，应用althugh，thugh或while。故填althugh/thugh/while。
Cngressman Ted Lieu，said that 4. he was excited abut the Chatbt，he was als shcked by AI，specially AI that is left unchecked.
althugh/thugh/while
考查名词。作介词的宾语，表示“责任”应用名词respnsibility。故填respnsibility。
One law firm fcused n AI 5. (respnsible) pinted t the natinal security cncerns.It wrte f evil leaders，
respnsibility
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，use与逻辑主语evil leaders，nn-state actrs and malicius state actrs构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填using。
nn-state actrs and malicius(恶意的) state actrs 6._______(use) these systems t generate infrmatin that culd be wrng r culd be harmful.
考查副词。修饰动词应用副词mainly作状语。故填mainly。
At this pint much f the recent cncern abut ChatGPT has cme 7. (main) frm educatrs wh fcus n cheating and plagiarism(剽窃).Others have viced cncern that their cmputer prgram culd als be used t spread false infrmatin.
考查介词。短语be cnsistent with表示“符合，与……一致”。故填with。
In a statement OpenAI said，“ChatGPT’s free use by everyne is cnsistent 8.______ the principles f demcratizatin infrmatin.
考查代词。此处指前文提到的ChatGPT，应用代词it。故填it。
We dn’t want 9. t be used fr misleading purpse in schls r anywhere else，
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，generate与逻辑主语texts构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填generated。
s we are trying t find ways t help anyne identify texts 10.___________ (generate) by that system.”
B(2023·江西新余二模)Up t nw，the tw episdes f Three Bdies released 1. __________ (gain) mre than 100 millin views n the website.The latest animated(动画的) versin f China’s award-winning sci-fi nvel The Three-Bdy Prblem has becme a quick hit nline，
have gained
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刘慈欣的小说《三体》的改编版本很受观众的喜爱。
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由Up t nw可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词应用have。故填have gained。
adding t the list f ppular 2._____________(dmestic) prduced animatins.
考查副词。此处应用副词修饰过去分词prduced。故填dmestically。
dmestically
3. (call) The Three-Bdy Animatin，the 15-episde series is based n the secnd bk f Liu Cixin’s trilgy(三部曲) and has gained praise frm fans nline after being released n Dec.10.
考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语the 15-episde series和动词call之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，单词位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Called。
The “Three-Bdy” series is Liu’s best-selling science-fictin trilgy,4._________has since gained a massive fllwing hme and abrad.
考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The “Three-Bdy” series，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。
Due t the grwing desire 5. the sci-fi type in China，
考查介词。固定搭配the/a desire fr表示“对……的渴望”。故填fr。
Liu’s wrks have been adapted int varius 6._______(frm)，including animatins，games，films，and TV series.
考查名词的复数。由varius可知，应用名词的复数形式作宾语。故填frms。
A previus animatin based n the “Three-Bdy” series als appeared as a hit when it 7.______________(release).In 2020，the mvie，The Wandering Earth，based n Liu’s shrt stry f the same name，
考查动词的时态和语态。根据主句为过去时，when引导的时间状语从句也用过去时，it与release之间为被动关系，故填was released。
was released
became ne f the mst 8. (influence) mvies in China，
考查形容词。此处应用形容词influential和the mst构成最高级，作定语，修饰名词mvies。故填influential。
influential
and the sci-fi mvie lvers elected 9. the mst mving ne f the year.
考查代词。此处应用代词it代指上文提到的The Wandering Earth，作宾语。故填it。
One glbal streaming platfrm is als releasing 10. adaptatin f “The Three-Bdy Prblem” series next.
考查冠词。此处表示“一个改编版”，表示泛指，应用不定冠词来修饰，且adaptatin的发音是以元音音素开头。故填an。
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