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2024年高考英语一轮复习课件（新人教版） 第1部分 教材知识解读 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters
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这是一份2024年高考英语一轮复习课件（新人教版） 第1部分 教材知识解读 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了基础知识排查，damage，deaths，suffered，shocked，buried，breathe，struck，delivering，核 心考点突破等内容，欢迎下载使用。
trnad n.(pl.-es r -s)龙卷风；旋风drught n.旱灾；久旱landslide n.(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡tsunami n.海啸vlcanic eruptin火山喷发magnitude n.(地)震级；重大
速记——词汇句型背诵
evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离helicpter n.直升机crack n.裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂brick n.砖；砖块metal n.金属revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒revival n.振兴；复苏
unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体vlcan n.(pl.-es r -s)火山erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出typhn n.台风hurricane n.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n.哨子(声)；呼啸声
kit n.成套工具；成套设备first aid kit急救箱
disaster n.灾难；灾害slide vi.& vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动fld n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没rescue n.& vt.营救；救援
damage vt.损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失destry vt.摧毁；毁灭shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)ruin n.& vt.破坏；毁坏percent n.百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中
trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱bury vt.埋葬；安葬effrt n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力cntext n.上下文；语境；背景supply n.供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给
tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲pipe n.管子；管道calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静aid n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.(frmal)帮助；援助crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞
sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫wave n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手strike vi.& vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n.罢工；罢课；袭击
death n.死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v.死亡 affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→effect n.效果；结果；影响→effective adj.有效的
shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shcking adj.令人震惊的→shcked adj.感到震惊的 electricity n.电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electrnic adj.电子的
breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 wisdm n.智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的 suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.受难；苦楚→sufferer n.受苦者；受难者
survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n.幸存；生还→survivr n.幸存者；生还者 pwer n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→pwerful adj.强大的；强壮的→pwerless adj.无力的 emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的→emerge vi.浮现；出现
deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n.投递；送交 summary n.总结；概括；概要→summariz(s)e vt.& vi.总结；概括 length n.长；长度→lng adj.长的→lengthen v.(使)变长
ambulance n.救护车ancient adj.古代的anniversary n.周年纪念日annual adj.每年的antique n.古董，古玩apartment n.公寓apparent adj.表面上的；明显的
as if似乎；好像；仿佛in ruins严重受损；破败不堪in shck震惊；吃惊in the pen air露天；在户外n hand现有(尤指帮助)sweep away消灭；彻底消除refuse t d sth 拒绝做某事
the number f...……的数量as usual像往常一样cme t an end告终；结束
Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat，and dgs refused t g inside buildings.()鸡甚至猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end！(as if引导的虚拟语气)仿佛世界末日即将来临！
Water，fd，and electricity were hard t get.(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d)很难得到水、食物和电。Sn after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.(thse wh...)地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。
The mst pwerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday，killing mre than 6,500 peple in Indnesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least fur ther cuntries.(现在分词短语作结果状语)过去40年来最强的一次地震引起的海啸昨天登陆了亚洲海岸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其他至少四个国家的6,500多人死亡。
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.(be 正在做……突然……)我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
填词——语境词汇串记
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
Disasters such as trnades，drughts，flds，landslides，vlcanic eruptins，typhns，hurricanes and earthquakes have cme ne after anther，causing great 1. t many cuntries.In summary，the earthquake has the wrst effects.The 1976 Tangshan earthquake caused mre than 240,000 2. .
90 percent f hmes lay in ruins and peple 3. a lt.Fd，water and electricity were hard t get.Everywhere the 4. survivrs saw destryed bricks，deep cracks in village wells and useless metals as if the wrld were at an end.Rescue teams wh were in shck dug ut the trapped,5. the dead，and built shelters in the pen air.With unified effrts and wisdm f all peple，the city revived itself and began t 6. again.Earthquakes under the sea can als cause tsunamis.
The tsunami that 7. Asia in 2004 crashed int castlines.Huge waves swept away many peple.Freign cuntries aided these areas by 8.___________ fd and supplies by helicpters.(Tips fr emergency which affects peple greatly：※ Keep calm ※ Tap n a pipe r whistle fr help※Stay away frm pwer lines ※ Survive n what yu have n hand ※ Keep first aid kits at hme)
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
v.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭；使感染(effect n.影响；结果；效果 effective adj.有效的)
(1)We must take (effect) measures t prevent natural disasters in advance.
(2)得知你由于感染了重病而回爱尔兰，我非常抱歉。(2020·浙江7月，应用文写作)Learning that yu have returned t Ireland because __________________ ，I am terribly srry abut it.(3)总的来说，英文报Yuth对我有巨大的影响。我经常被报纸中数不清的感人故事深深感动。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)In summary，the English newspaper Yuth _________________________ cuntless mving stries in the newspaper.
yu are affected with
a serius/severe illness
affects me greatly/has a great
effect n me.I am ften deeply affected by
• be a shck t...对……而言是一件震惊的事 in shck吃惊地，震惊地• be shcked at sth/that...对……感到震惊 be shcked t d sth 因做某事而感到震惊
vt.(使)震惊 n.休克；震惊；令人震惊的事(shcked adj.感到震惊的 shcking adj.令人震惊的)
(1)Lking at the huse which lay in ruins shck，he called 911 immediately t rescue the injured peple wh were trapped.(2)All f us were at the news that many deaths had been caused by the muntain fire.(shck)(3)I was shcked (hear) the news that his car gt crashed the ther day seriusly.The news was shck t us.
(4)The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in.Elli and I were shcked.(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)→The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in，_____________ .(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)→____________________________________________________________ (用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句改写)
which shcked
Elli and me/which made Elli and me shcked
What shcked Elli and me was that the bear tre a hle in the fence
and put his head in.
bury sth in...把某物埋在……bury neself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于
vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏
(1)He wept sadly and he buried his face in his hands.(读后续写之动作描写)→He wept sadly， .(用ding作状语改写)→He wept sadly， .(用with的复合结构改写)→He wept sadly， .(用独立主格改写)
burying his face in his hands
with his face buried in his hands
his face buried in his hands
(2)我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)①I ___________________________________________________________ and I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.② ，I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
bury myself in/am buried in reading the English newspaper every
Buried in reading the English newspaper every day
suffer frm遭受……折磨；患……病
vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n.受苦，遭难；苦楚，苦难 sufferer n.受害者；患者)
(1)Peple f the disaster area suffered a lt the typhn，and water supplies and electricity were hard t get.(2)生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。(读后续写之升华句)(强调句)There are always sme ups and dwns in ur lives，___________________ .
but it is the suffering
that makes us strnger
survive n靠……存活下来survive sth 幸免于；从……中活过来A survive B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
vi.生存；存活 vt.幸免；幸存；艰难度过；生还；比……活得长(survivr n.幸存者 survival n.幸存；生还)
(1)We will d everything in ur pwer t help thse (survive) in the trnad.
(2)Althugh the ld lady suffered frm a serius illness，she still survived her husband 5 years.(3)When I realized that the pr by survived discarded(被丢弃的) fd，a wave f sadness and sympathy washed ver me.(4)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句)Life isn’t abut ；it’s abut learning t dance in the rain.
hw t survive the strm
• be struck with/by被……所袭击(感动) It strikes sb that...某人觉得……；某人突然想起…… sth strike sb 某人想到……• be n strike在罢工 g n strike举行罢工• 表示“突然想到”的单词还有hit，ccur。
vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)击打；罢工；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起 n.罢工；罢课；袭击
(1)The wrkers are cming ut strike fr higher wages，which is a shck t the gvernment.
(2)被他为我所做的事情所感动，我没能控制住自己，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之心理描写)①Because ，I culdn’t cntain myself，tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.② ，I culdn’t cntain myself，tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
I was struck with/by what he had dne fr me
Struck by/with what he had dne fr me
(3)我突然想到我可以通过把我的头塞进南瓜赢得第一名。(2021·浙江1月，读后续写) I culd win the first place by frcing my head inside the pumpkin.(4)约翰想到一个促销爆米花的好办法，于是他像一阵风似的冲向伯纳德的家。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) and thus，he dashed t Bernard’s hme like a gust f wind.
It suddenly struck/hit/ccurred t me that
A gd way t prmte ppcrn struck/hit/ccurred t Jhn
be/lie in ruins成为废墟；毁灭fall/cme int ruin成为废墟；毁灭ruin ne’s hpe/health毁掉某人的希望/健康
严重受损；破败不堪 (ruin n.废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产)
(1)90 percent f huses lay ruins after the landslide and helicpters were used t evacuate peple living there.
(2)The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night and it nearly ruined his health.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night， .(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night， .(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
which nearly ruined his health
nearly ruining his health
• as if相当于as thugh，意为“似乎，好像”，用在seem，lk等系动 词之后引导表语从句。as if/thugh还可引导方式状语从句。• 若as if/thugh从句描述非现实情况，则用虚拟语气。 ①当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时(be 动词一般用were)； ②当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去完成时(had ＋过去分词)； ③当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用wuld/culd/ might＋动词原形。
引导的虚拟语气 It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！
(1)Listen，the whistle f an ambulance！It seems as if there (be) an emergency.(2)When a pencil is partly put int water，it lks as if it (be) brken.(3)似乎Mac的生命结束了。It seemed as if Mac’s life .(4)树林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她越这样想就越害怕。(读后续写之心理描写)It is dark in the wds.It seems as if ______________________________ .The mre she thinks f this，the mre frightened she is.
had cme t an end
there were a fierce beast behind
(5)眼泪在眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Tears swirling in his eyes，David raised his head，lked at me ______ ，but lwered his head nce again.用法点拨 若从句描述的情况发生的可能性很大，则不用虚拟语气。
wuld say smething/as if (he was) t say smething
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型：• be abut t 正要做……突然……• be n the pint f 正要做……突然……• had (just) 刚做完……这时突然……
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
(1)我们正要离开时，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。We a big nise came frm the next rm.(2)双胞胎正在煲(stew)鸡肉粥，这时他们的爸爸迈进了厨房。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)The twins chicken prridge their father marched int the kitchen.
were abut t leave/were n the pint f leaving when
were stewing
(3)我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。 it fell t the grund.
I had just escaped frm the burning huse when
印证——高考原句呈现
It wuld wrk like this：An fficer arriving at the scene f a crash culd ask fr the phnes f the drivers and use the Textalyzer t check in the perating system fr recent activity.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)它的工作原理是这样的：一名到达事故现场的警官可以索要司机的手机，并且使用文本分析仪在操作系统中核查最近的活动。
A fld had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number f birds.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了该地区，造成的破坏驱走了许多鸟类。
The cllapse was disastrus，requiring the emergency medical team and gd teamwrk.(2021·全国乙)她的昏倒是灾难性的，需要急诊医疗队和良好的团队合作。
They cnclude that when task interdependence is high，team perfrmance will suffer when there is t much talent，while individual talent will have psitive effects n team perfrmance when task interdependence is lwer.(2019·北京)他们得出的结论是，当任务相互依存度高时，团队人才过多会影响表现，而当任务相互依存度较低时，单个人才则会对团队表现有积极影响。
After all，nt everyne has realized that wildlife has thughts，feelings，and mst imprtantly，equal rights t survive.(2019·江苏)毕竟，并不是每个人都能意识到野生动物有思想、感情，最重要的是，它们有平等的生存权利。
巩固——基础知识达标
(1)When I entered the rm，the clck had just struck 10. __ (2)As an ld saying ges，“Strike the irn while it’s ht.” Yu’d better g ver what yu have learned as sn as pssible. __
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
(3)The girl struck a match and the warm light filled the rm immediately. __ (4)They have been n strike fr several days t get a higher pay. __ (5)A big earthquake struck the area last week，which then caused a terrible tsunami. __ (6)It strikes us that we can fllw the stream back t the farmhuse. __
(1)The princess has been delivered f a healthy baby by. __ (2)I’m having sme flwers delivered fr her birthday. __ (3)I feel greatly hnured t deliver a lecture n genetic engineering here. __
(1)Deeply affected by the film，we culdn’t hld back tears. ___ (2)Hnestly speaking，the cming-f-age ceremny affects me greatly.(2020·天津，书面表达)___ (3)The disease affects many different rgans f his bdy. ___
4.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的汉语意思(1)She was rushed t the hspital after suffering frm shck. ——(2)When we visited the ld family hme，past sweet memries came flding back. ________
1.He made a great effrt t save the girl (trap) in the burning huse.2. Wrking ut either indrs r utdrs regularly will (effect) yur fitness news that the athlete failed in the marathn due t a serius injury made us (shck).4. (bury) in reading the legend f a master in basketball，he didn’t make it t schl n time.
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
5.Hw can yu survive such a pr diet? Keeping slim desn’t make sense if yu’re nt healthy.6. Cmpared with thse wh are engaged in manual labr，teachers experience mre mental (suffer).7. struck me that I was cheating myself by pretending t understand what I didn’ stadium and the gym lay ruins after the big fire caused by careless smking.
9.She speaks English s fluently as if she (stay) in America fr a lng win an hnur fr his cuntry，he didn’t give up even if he gt injured in the race， (set) a gd example t thers.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(2021·全国乙)——在线学习我觉得在线学习对我们学生有重大影响。(It strikes sb that；effect)_____________________________________________________________许多学生专心学习有益的在线课程，这既扩大了他们的视野也提高了他们的学习兴趣。(be buried in；现在分词短语作结果状语)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It strikes me that nline learning has a great effect n us students.
Many students are buried in learning beneficial nline curses，bradening their hrizns and enhancing their learning interest.
然而，使我们震惊的是许多学生沉溺于在线游戏。(shck)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hwever，what shcks us/what makes us shcked is that many students are addicted t nline games.
这从长远看一定会毁掉他们的健康和希望。(ruin)___________________________________________________________
It will definitely ruin their health and hpe in the lng run.
尽管这个问题很难解决，我们应该不遗余力地帮助那些正在遭受网瘾的人。(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d；thse wh...；suffer frm)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Althugh/Thugh/While the prblem is difficult t handle，we shuld spare n effrt t help thse wh are suffering frm Internet addictin.
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
1.情感描写shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊in shck震惊；吃惊calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
2.动作描写slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动fld vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没rescue n.& vt.营救；救援trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍effrt n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力aid n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.帮助；援助crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞
sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫wave n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)——头被卡在大南瓜里我的头陷入大南瓜里，我是如此震惊以至于我的喉咙发紧，膝盖发软，各种各样糟糕的想法涌入我的心头。我尝试把头从南瓜里拔出来，但是白费力气。我哥哥不顾我正遭受的事情，他竟然咯咯的笑着轻拍南瓜。我爸爸咧嘴笑着，来帮助我，安慰地说，“保持镇静！”我被成功地营救了，一阵感激之情向我袭来，泪水像断了线的珠子一样滚下我的脸庞。
trnad n.(pl.-es r -s)龙卷风；旋风drught n.旱灾；久旱landslide n.(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡tsunami n.海啸vlcanic eruptin火山喷发magnitude n.(地)震级；重大
速记——词汇句型背诵
evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离helicpter n.直升机crack n.裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂brick n.砖；砖块metal n.金属revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒revival n.振兴；复苏
unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体vlcan n.(pl.-es r -s)火山erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出typhn n.台风hurricane n.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n.哨子(声)；呼啸声
kit n.成套工具；成套设备first aid kit急救箱
disaster n.灾难；灾害slide vi.& vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动fld n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没rescue n.& vt.营救；救援
damage vt.损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失destry vt.摧毁；毁灭shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)ruin n.& vt.破坏；毁坏percent n.百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中
trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱bury vt.埋葬；安葬effrt n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力cntext n.上下文；语境；背景supply n.供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给
tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲pipe n.管子；管道calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静aid n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.(frmal)帮助；援助crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞
sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫wave n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手strike vi.& vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n.罢工；罢课；袭击
death n.死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v.死亡 affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→effect n.效果；结果；影响→effective adj.有效的
shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shcking adj.令人震惊的→shcked adj.感到震惊的 electricity n.电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electrnic adj.电子的
breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 wisdm n.智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的 suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.受难；苦楚→sufferer n.受苦者；受难者
survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n.幸存；生还→survivr n.幸存者；生还者 pwer n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→pwerful adj.强大的；强壮的→pwerless adj.无力的 emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的→emerge vi.浮现；出现
deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n.投递；送交 summary n.总结；概括；概要→summariz(s)e vt.& vi.总结；概括 length n.长；长度→lng adj.长的→lengthen v.(使)变长
ambulance n.救护车ancient adj.古代的anniversary n.周年纪念日annual adj.每年的antique n.古董，古玩apartment n.公寓apparent adj.表面上的；明显的
as if似乎；好像；仿佛in ruins严重受损；破败不堪in shck震惊；吃惊in the pen air露天；在户外n hand现有(尤指帮助)sweep away消灭；彻底消除refuse t d sth 拒绝做某事
the number f...……的数量as usual像往常一样cme t an end告终；结束
Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat，and dgs refused t g inside buildings.()鸡甚至猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end！(as if引导的虚拟语气)仿佛世界末日即将来临！
Water，fd，and electricity were hard t get.(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d)很难得到水、食物和电。Sn after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.(thse wh...)地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。
The mst pwerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday，killing mre than 6,500 peple in Indnesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least fur ther cuntries.(现在分词短语作结果状语)过去40年来最强的一次地震引起的海啸昨天登陆了亚洲海岸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其他至少四个国家的6,500多人死亡。
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.(be 正在做……突然……)我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
填词——语境词汇串记
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
Disasters such as trnades，drughts，flds，landslides，vlcanic eruptins，typhns，hurricanes and earthquakes have cme ne after anther，causing great 1. t many cuntries.In summary，the earthquake has the wrst effects.The 1976 Tangshan earthquake caused mre than 240,000 2. .
90 percent f hmes lay in ruins and peple 3. a lt.Fd，water and electricity were hard t get.Everywhere the 4. survivrs saw destryed bricks，deep cracks in village wells and useless metals as if the wrld were at an end.Rescue teams wh were in shck dug ut the trapped,5. the dead，and built shelters in the pen air.With unified effrts and wisdm f all peple，the city revived itself and began t 6. again.Earthquakes under the sea can als cause tsunamis.
The tsunami that 7. Asia in 2004 crashed int castlines.Huge waves swept away many peple.Freign cuntries aided these areas by 8.___________ fd and supplies by helicpters.(Tips fr emergency which affects peple greatly：※ Keep calm ※ Tap n a pipe r whistle fr help※Stay away frm pwer lines ※ Survive n what yu have n hand ※ Keep first aid kits at hme)
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
v.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭；使感染(effect n.影响；结果；效果 effective adj.有效的)
(1)We must take (effect) measures t prevent natural disasters in advance.
(2)得知你由于感染了重病而回爱尔兰，我非常抱歉。(2020·浙江7月，应用文写作)Learning that yu have returned t Ireland because __________________ ，I am terribly srry abut it.(3)总的来说，英文报Yuth对我有巨大的影响。我经常被报纸中数不清的感人故事深深感动。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)In summary，the English newspaper Yuth _________________________ cuntless mving stries in the newspaper.
yu are affected with
a serius/severe illness
affects me greatly/has a great
effect n me.I am ften deeply affected by
• be a shck t...对……而言是一件震惊的事 in shck吃惊地，震惊地• be shcked at sth/that...对……感到震惊 be shcked t d sth 因做某事而感到震惊
vt.(使)震惊 n.休克；震惊；令人震惊的事(shcked adj.感到震惊的 shcking adj.令人震惊的)
(1)Lking at the huse which lay in ruins shck，he called 911 immediately t rescue the injured peple wh were trapped.(2)All f us were at the news that many deaths had been caused by the muntain fire.(shck)(3)I was shcked (hear) the news that his car gt crashed the ther day seriusly.The news was shck t us.
(4)The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in.Elli and I were shcked.(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)→The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in，_____________ .(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)→____________________________________________________________ (用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句改写)
which shcked
Elli and me/which made Elli and me shcked
What shcked Elli and me was that the bear tre a hle in the fence
and put his head in.
bury sth in...把某物埋在……bury neself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于
vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏
(1)He wept sadly and he buried his face in his hands.(读后续写之动作描写)→He wept sadly， .(用ding作状语改写)→He wept sadly， .(用with的复合结构改写)→He wept sadly， .(用独立主格改写)
burying his face in his hands
with his face buried in his hands
his face buried in his hands
(2)我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)①I ___________________________________________________________ and I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.② ，I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
bury myself in/am buried in reading the English newspaper every
Buried in reading the English newspaper every day
suffer frm遭受……折磨；患……病
vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n.受苦，遭难；苦楚，苦难 sufferer n.受害者；患者)
(1)Peple f the disaster area suffered a lt the typhn，and water supplies and electricity were hard t get.(2)生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。(读后续写之升华句)(强调句)There are always sme ups and dwns in ur lives，___________________ .
but it is the suffering
that makes us strnger
survive n靠……存活下来survive sth 幸免于；从……中活过来A survive B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
vi.生存；存活 vt.幸免；幸存；艰难度过；生还；比……活得长(survivr n.幸存者 survival n.幸存；生还)
(1)We will d everything in ur pwer t help thse (survive) in the trnad.
(2)Althugh the ld lady suffered frm a serius illness，she still survived her husband 5 years.(3)When I realized that the pr by survived discarded(被丢弃的) fd，a wave f sadness and sympathy washed ver me.(4)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句)Life isn’t abut ；it’s abut learning t dance in the rain.
hw t survive the strm
• be struck with/by被……所袭击(感动) It strikes sb that...某人觉得……；某人突然想起…… sth strike sb 某人想到……• be n strike在罢工 g n strike举行罢工• 表示“突然想到”的单词还有hit，ccur。
vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)击打；罢工；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起 n.罢工；罢课；袭击
(1)The wrkers are cming ut strike fr higher wages，which is a shck t the gvernment.
(2)被他为我所做的事情所感动，我没能控制住自己，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之心理描写)①Because ，I culdn’t cntain myself，tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.② ，I culdn’t cntain myself，tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
I was struck with/by what he had dne fr me
Struck by/with what he had dne fr me
(3)我突然想到我可以通过把我的头塞进南瓜赢得第一名。(2021·浙江1月，读后续写) I culd win the first place by frcing my head inside the pumpkin.(4)约翰想到一个促销爆米花的好办法，于是他像一阵风似的冲向伯纳德的家。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) and thus，he dashed t Bernard’s hme like a gust f wind.
It suddenly struck/hit/ccurred t me that
A gd way t prmte ppcrn struck/hit/ccurred t Jhn
be/lie in ruins成为废墟；毁灭fall/cme int ruin成为废墟；毁灭ruin ne’s hpe/health毁掉某人的希望/健康
严重受损；破败不堪 (ruin n.废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产)
(1)90 percent f huses lay ruins after the landslide and helicpters were used t evacuate peple living there.
(2)The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night and it nearly ruined his health.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night， .(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night， .(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
which nearly ruined his health
nearly ruining his health
• as if相当于as thugh，意为“似乎，好像”，用在seem，lk等系动 词之后引导表语从句。as if/thugh还可引导方式状语从句。• 若as if/thugh从句描述非现实情况，则用虚拟语气。 ①当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时(be 动词一般用were)； ②当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去完成时(had ＋过去分词)； ③当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用wuld/culd/ might＋动词原形。
引导的虚拟语气 It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！
(1)Listen，the whistle f an ambulance！It seems as if there (be) an emergency.(2)When a pencil is partly put int water，it lks as if it (be) brken.(3)似乎Mac的生命结束了。It seemed as if Mac’s life .(4)树林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她越这样想就越害怕。(读后续写之心理描写)It is dark in the wds.It seems as if ______________________________ .The mre she thinks f this，the mre frightened she is.
had cme t an end
there were a fierce beast behind
(5)眼泪在眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Tears swirling in his eyes，David raised his head，lked at me ______ ，but lwered his head nce again.用法点拨 若从句描述的情况发生的可能性很大，则不用虚拟语气。
wuld say smething/as if (he was) t say smething
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型：• be abut t 正要做……突然……• be n the pint f 正要做……突然……• had (just) 刚做完……这时突然……
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
(1)我们正要离开时，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。We a big nise came frm the next rm.(2)双胞胎正在煲(stew)鸡肉粥，这时他们的爸爸迈进了厨房。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)The twins chicken prridge their father marched int the kitchen.
were abut t leave/were n the pint f leaving when
were stewing
(3)我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。 it fell t the grund.
I had just escaped frm the burning huse when
印证——高考原句呈现
It wuld wrk like this：An fficer arriving at the scene f a crash culd ask fr the phnes f the drivers and use the Textalyzer t check in the perating system fr recent activity.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)它的工作原理是这样的：一名到达事故现场的警官可以索要司机的手机，并且使用文本分析仪在操作系统中核查最近的活动。
A fld had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number f birds.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了该地区，造成的破坏驱走了许多鸟类。
The cllapse was disastrus，requiring the emergency medical team and gd teamwrk.(2021·全国乙)她的昏倒是灾难性的，需要急诊医疗队和良好的团队合作。
They cnclude that when task interdependence is high，team perfrmance will suffer when there is t much talent，while individual talent will have psitive effects n team perfrmance when task interdependence is lwer.(2019·北京)他们得出的结论是，当任务相互依存度高时，团队人才过多会影响表现，而当任务相互依存度较低时，单个人才则会对团队表现有积极影响。
After all，nt everyne has realized that wildlife has thughts，feelings，and mst imprtantly，equal rights t survive.(2019·江苏)毕竟，并不是每个人都能意识到野生动物有思想、感情，最重要的是，它们有平等的生存权利。
巩固——基础知识达标
(1)When I entered the rm，the clck had just struck 10. __ (2)As an ld saying ges，“Strike the irn while it’s ht.” Yu’d better g ver what yu have learned as sn as pssible. __
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
(3)The girl struck a match and the warm light filled the rm immediately. __ (4)They have been n strike fr several days t get a higher pay. __ (5)A big earthquake struck the area last week，which then caused a terrible tsunami. __ (6)It strikes us that we can fllw the stream back t the farmhuse. __
(1)The princess has been delivered f a healthy baby by. __ (2)I’m having sme flwers delivered fr her birthday. __ (3)I feel greatly hnured t deliver a lecture n genetic engineering here. __
(1)Deeply affected by the film，we culdn’t hld back tears. ___ (2)Hnestly speaking，the cming-f-age ceremny affects me greatly.(2020·天津，书面表达)___ (3)The disease affects many different rgans f his bdy. ___
4.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的汉语意思(1)She was rushed t the hspital after suffering frm shck. ——(2)When we visited the ld family hme，past sweet memries came flding back. ________
1.He made a great effrt t save the girl (trap) in the burning huse.2. Wrking ut either indrs r utdrs regularly will (effect) yur fitness news that the athlete failed in the marathn due t a serius injury made us (shck).4. (bury) in reading the legend f a master in basketball，he didn’t make it t schl n time.
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
5.Hw can yu survive such a pr diet? Keeping slim desn’t make sense if yu’re nt healthy.6. Cmpared with thse wh are engaged in manual labr，teachers experience mre mental (suffer).7. struck me that I was cheating myself by pretending t understand what I didn’ stadium and the gym lay ruins after the big fire caused by careless smking.
9.She speaks English s fluently as if she (stay) in America fr a lng win an hnur fr his cuntry，he didn’t give up even if he gt injured in the race， (set) a gd example t thers.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(2021·全国乙)——在线学习我觉得在线学习对我们学生有重大影响。(It strikes sb that；effect)_____________________________________________________________许多学生专心学习有益的在线课程，这既扩大了他们的视野也提高了他们的学习兴趣。(be buried in；现在分词短语作结果状语)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It strikes me that nline learning has a great effect n us students.
Many students are buried in learning beneficial nline curses，bradening their hrizns and enhancing their learning interest.
然而，使我们震惊的是许多学生沉溺于在线游戏。(shck)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hwever，what shcks us/what makes us shcked is that many students are addicted t nline games.
这从长远看一定会毁掉他们的健康和希望。(ruin)___________________________________________________________
It will definitely ruin their health and hpe in the lng run.
尽管这个问题很难解决，我们应该不遗余力地帮助那些正在遭受网瘾的人。(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d；thse wh...；suffer frm)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Althugh/Thugh/While the prblem is difficult t handle，we shuld spare n effrt t help thse wh are suffering frm Internet addictin.
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
1.情感描写shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊in shck震惊；吃惊calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
2.动作描写slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动fld vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没rescue n.& vt.营救；救援trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍effrt n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力aid n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.帮助；援助crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞
sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫wave n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)——头被卡在大南瓜里我的头陷入大南瓜里，我是如此震惊以至于我的喉咙发紧，膝盖发软，各种各样糟糕的想法涌入我的心头。我尝试把头从南瓜里拔出来，但是白费力气。我哥哥不顾我正遭受的事情，他竟然咯咯的笑着轻拍南瓜。我爸爸咧嘴笑着，来帮助我，安慰地说，“保持镇静！”我被成功地营救了，一阵感激之情向我袭来，泪水像断了线的珠子一样滚下我的脸庞。
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