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2023-2024学年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什第二中学高二上学期开学测试英语试题含答案
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这是一份2023-2024学年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什第二中学高二上学期开学测试英语试题含答案，文件包含新疆维吾尔自治区喀什第二中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学测试英语试题原卷版docx、新疆维吾尔自治区喀什第二中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学测试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Ging n a rad trip? The Statue f Liberty, Glden Gate Bridge and the Hearst Castle are cmmn great turist sites. But if yu prefer ffbeat places,check ut the fllwing radside attractins.
Wrld’s Largest Ball f Paint
Alexandria, Ind.
In 1977, Michael Carmichael set ut t create the biggest ball f paint anywhere. Starting with a baseball as the centre, he painted cat after cat f paint day after day, year after year. The ball weighs mre than l ,300 punds,with mre than 20,000 cats f paint, which is recgnised by Guinness Wrld Recrds. Visitrs can paint the ball themselves and becme part f histry.
The Museum f Dirt
Bstn, Mass.
The museum is the idea f Glenn Jhnsn. In the glass bttles are such treasures as dirt frm the Great Wall f China, as well as sand frm a desert in Saudi Arabia and Omaha Beach in France. Best f all, the cst f seeing this museum is dirt cheap: It’s free.
Munt Hreb Mustard Museum
Munt Hreb, Wis.
It’s heaven fr ht dg lvers! This museum says that it has t have the wrld’s largest cllectin f prepared mustard (芥末). It’s mre than 4,100 bttles f spices (香料) cme frm 60 natins, including Turkey and China.Visitrs learn the histry f mustard, frm hw it’s made t hw it’s advertised and sld. The museum’s creatr, Barry Levensn, lves mustard s much that he even puts it n ice cream!
Paper Huse
Rck prt, Mass,
Elis Stenman was much ahead f his time in 1922, when he started t build a tw-rm huse almst cmpletely ut f newspaper. At the time, peple didn’t give much - if any - thught t recycling (回收利用) paper.In fact, “recycling” wasn’t even a wrd then. The huse is framed (以做框架) with wd, but the walls are made f newspaper nly. In all, he used abut 100,000 newspapers.
1. What can the underlined wrd “ffbeat” in the first paragraph best be replaced by?
A. perfect.B. quiet.
C. public.D. unusual.
2. Which f the fllwing can prvide hands-n experience?
A. Wrld’s Largest Ball f Paint.B. The Museum f Dirt.
C. Munt Hreb Mustard Museum.D. Paper Huse.
3. What can we learn frm the text?
A. Michael is a famus artist.B. Paper Huse is cmpletely made f paper.
C. Visitrs needn’t pay fr the Museum f Dirt.D. Glenn is attracted by ancient Chinese civilisatin.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几个小而别致的旅游景点。
1题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“The Statue f Liberty, Glden Gate Bridge and the Hearst Castle are cmmn great turist sites.”（自由女神像、金门大桥和赫斯特城堡是常见的著名旅游景点。）提到常见的著名旅游景点，以及下文的But转折可知，可推知，划线单词句子应表示但如果你喜欢另类的地方，看看下面的路边景点。故可猜测划线单词ffbeat为“另类的，不寻常的”意思，结合选项D项unusual“不寻常的”意思一致。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wrld’s Largest Ball f Paint中“Visitrs can paint the ball themselves and becme part f histry.”（游客们可以自己给球上色，成为历史的一部分。）可知，游客参观Wrld’s Largest Ball f Paint时，可以自己动手参与涂漆。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Museum f Dirt中“Best f all, the cst f seeing this museum is dirt cheap: It’s free.”（最重要的是，参观这座博物馆的费用非常便宜：完全免费。）可知， 我们能从文章中了解到参观The Museum f Dirt是免费的。故选C项。ABD选项均与原文内容不符。故选C项。
B
Is lking fashinable mre imprtant than being cmfrtable? Many peple seem t think s, judging (判断) by the things they wear. But fashin is nt everything. It is mre imprtant t be a healthy and gd persn.
Peple g t great lengths t be fashinable. Sme peple think they have t have a certain bdy type, s they g n extreme, unhealthy diets in rder t change their bdies. In additin, many wmen wear uncmfrtable fashins, such as high-heeled shes that cause pain t their feet, and tight bdy shapers that limit bld flw. Men and wmen alike spend time and mney n prducts that change their natural hair clr r hairstyle. Sme peple even spend several hurs a day in frnt f a mirrr. Is fashin s imprtant that peple spend s much time and effrt changing what they lk like?
If the purpse f fashin is t make a persn feel gd, it des nt make sense that he r she wuld g thrugh s much discmfrt t be fashinable. Fashin shuld nt cme first. Peple shuld put their health and psitive image in the first place. What peple wear des nt say anything abut their persnalities. Instead f spending hurs chsing a dress, perhaps yu shuld call yur friends and d smething tgether, such as playing sccer r badmintn. Instead f ging n strict diets and frcing yurself t stay hungry, why nt eat sme healthy fds and then exercise? By ding these things, yu can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grw as a persn.
4. Why des the authr include questins in the text?
A. T enrich the cntent.B. T intrduce a new tpic.
C. T present different ideas.D. T encurage readers t think.
5. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The fact abut fashin industry.B. Reasns why fashin is imprtant.
C. The price t pay fr being fashinable.D. Prducts ppular with fashin fllwers.
6. Which f the fllwing activities wuld the authr mst likely recmmend?
A. Ging skiing with friends.B. Starting a new diet with a friend.
C. Changing hairstyles every week.D. Shpping fr fashinable clthes.
7. What is the authr’s main purpse in writing the text?
A. T intrduce the latest fashin trends.
B. T tell readers hw t remain fashinable.
C. T advise readers t value health ver fashin.
D. T shw readers advantages and disadvantages f dieting.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要就时尚和舒适展开讨论，劝说读者时尚远不如健康和舒适更重要，并且提出了健康生活方式的建议。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Is lking fashinable mre imprtant than being cmfrtable? Many peple seem t think s, judging (判断) by the things they wear. But fashin is nt everything. It is mre imprtant t be a healthy and gd persn.(看起来时尚比舒适更重要吗？从他们穿的衣服来判断，很多人似乎都这么认为。但时尚并不是一切。做一个健康舒适的人更重要)”可知，作者提出问题，以引入文章的主题：健康比时尚更重要。故选B项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Sme peple think they have t have a certain bdy type, s they g n extreme, unhealthy diets in rder t change their bdies. In additin, many wmen wear uncmfrtable fashins, such as high-heeled shes that cause pain t their feet, and tight bdy shapers that limit bld flw. Men and wmen alike spend time and mney n prducts that change their natural hair clr r hairstyle. Sme peple even spend several hurs a day in frnt f a mirrr.(有些人认为自己必须拥有某种体型，所以他们为了改变自己的身材，采取极端、不健康的饮食。此外，许多女性穿着不舒适的时装，如导致脚部疼痛的高跟鞋，限制血液流动的紧身塑身衣。男人和女人都会花时间和金钱购买改变他们自然发色或发型的产品。有些人甚至每天花几个小时在镜子前)”可知，本段主要介绍了人们为了时尚付出的代价。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Instead f spending hurs chsing a dress, perhaps yu shuld call yur friends and d smething tgether, such as playing sccer r badmintn. Instead f ging n strict diets and frcing yurself t stay hungry, why nt eat sme healthy fds and then exercise? By ding these things, yu can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grw as a persn.(与其花几个小时来挑选衣服，也许你应该打电话给你的朋友，一起做一些事情，比如踢足球或打羽毛球。与其严格节食，强迫自己保持饥饿，为什么不吃一些健康的食物，然后锻炼身体呢？通过做这些事情，你可以保持健康的生活方式，真正成长为一个人)”可知，与花费时间精力以及牺牲健康而换取时尚相比，作者认为应该吃健康食物，和朋友一起锻炼身体。由此推知，作者可能推荐和朋友一起去滑雪这项活动。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“But fashin is nt everything. It is mre imprtant t be a healthy and gd persn.(但时尚并不是一切。做一个健康舒适的人更重要)”以及第三段“Fashin shuld nt cme first. Peple shuld put their health and psitive image in the first place.(时尚不应该是第一位的。人们应该把健康和正面形象放在首位)”可知，本文说明时尚远不如健康和舒适更重要。由此推知，作者写作本文的目的是劝说读者重视健康胜过重视时尚。故选C项。
C
Nt even a flded river culd stand between Mary Breckinridge and the hspital her patients needed. A heavy rain ruined the banks beside Mary Breckinridge’s Wendver, Kentucky, clinic (诊所). She had t find a way t get her five patients t the hspital in Lexingtn.
With a neighbur’s help, Mary and the nurses built a bat. They named it Ambulance, and n the mrning f 30 December 1926, Mary, anther nurse, and the patients set ff dwn the river. After sixteen wild miles n the dangerus river, they arrived at the train statin in Kryptn. As she watched the train pull away with her patients safely n bard, Mary smiled and waved.
Mary had nt planned t be a nurse. She was the daughter f a wealthy Kentucky plitician. As a child, Mary was influenced by her family wh had always been cncerned (担忧) abut the pr peple f the state. When she grew up, Mary was inspired t becme a nurse. S in 1925, Mary hired a few British-trained nurses and, with sme mney frm her family, started the Frntier Nursing Service in Wendver, Kentucky.
Befre Mary and her nurses came, the muntain peple lived a hard life. Families made s little mney that they culd nt affrd dctrs r medicine. Many children had diseases and early every persn was malnurished fr lack f fd. Mary and the nurses built clinics and a small hspital deep in the frests f Leslie Cunty. There were n rads, electricity, r telephnes. Each day the nurses rde n hrseback t faraway farms, ften in bad weather, t answer calls fr help. They wrked hard t keep an eye n their patients.
The Frntier Nursing Service grew. Tday their nursing service reaches far beynd the Kentucky muntains. Medical prfessinals frm all ver the wrld cme t Wendver t study rural ( 乡村的 ) health care in actin. When these men and wmen g back t their wn cuntries, they are prepared t help peple in need.
8. Hw did Mary get her patients t Kryptn?
A. By train.B. By car.
C. By water.D. On hrseback.
9. What des the underlined wrd “malnurished” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. In bad health.B. Shrt f mney.
C. Lacking in fd.D. At risk fr diseases.
10. What can we learn abut Mary Breckinridge frm the text?
A. She trained all f the nurses herself.
B. She never had enugh mney fr her wrk.
C. She remains a great influence n health care tday.
D. She wiped ut diseases in the Kentucky muntains.
11. What might be the muntain peple’s attitude twards Mary and the nurses’ service?
A. Dubtful.B. Uncaring.
C. Supprtive.D. Thankful.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在20世纪20年代一名叫玛丽.布雷肯里奇的女护士在肯塔基偏远山区建立医疗所，骑马为山区人民提供医疗服务的故事。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“With a neighbur’s help, Mary and the nurses built a bat. (在邻居的帮助下，玛丽和护士们造了一艘船。)”以及“ After sixteen wild miles n the dangerus river, they arrived at the train statin in Kryptn.(在危险的河上狂奔了16英里后，她们到达了克利普顿的火车站。)”可知，玛丽与其他护士一起造船，最终通过水路将病人送到了克利普顿的火车站，然后乘上了开往菜克星顿医院的火车。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。第四段中“Befre Mary and her nurses came, the muntain peple lived a hard life. Families made s little mney that they culd nt affrd dctrs r medicine.(在玛丽和她的护士来之前，山里的人们过着艰苦的生活。家庭收入如此之少，以至于他们支付不起医生的费用或买药品。)”可知本段讲述的是当地人民生活艰难，没有钱去看病或买药。同时根据划线词前面的内容“ Many children had diseases (许多孩子都有疾病)”以及划线词后面的内容“fr lack f fd(因为缺乏食物)”可知，由于缺乏食物，几乎每个人的健康状况都不是很好，所以选项A符合语境。A选项“In bad health.(糟糕的健康状况)”与划线词同义。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中最后一段“Tday their nursing service reaches far beynd the Kentucky muntains. Medical prfessinals frm all ver the wrld cme t Wendver t study rural ( 乡村的 ) health care in actin. When these men and wmen g back t their wn cuntries, they are prepared t help peple in need.( 今天，她们的护理服务远远超出了肯塔基山脉。来自世界各地的医学专家来到温多佛学习农村医疗保健的实际情况。当这些男人和女人回到自己的国家，他们准备帮助有需要的人。)”可知，许多国外的专业人士来到玛丽创办的机构学习乡村医疗卫生保健服务，这些人回到自己的国家后又准备帮助需要帮助的人。由此可知，玛丽对目前的医疗服务仍然有着很深远的影响。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“With a neighbur’s help, Mary and the nurses built a bat. (在邻居的帮助下，玛丽和护士们造了一艘船。)”以及“ After sixteen wild miles n the dangerus river, they arrived at the train statin in Kryptn.(在危险的河上狂奔了16英里后，她们到达了克利普顿的火车站。)”可知，玛丽与其他护士一起造船，最终通过水路将病人送到了克利普顿的火车站，然后乘上了开往菜克星顿医院的火车。以及通读全文克制，玛丽和其他护士克服困难，为肯塔基山区人民提供医疗服务，对于这一善行，当地人民应该是感谢的。故选D。
D
Technlgy use seems t be the new wave f addictin hitting peple f all ages. The next time yu’re in a crwded public place, lk at the peple arund yu. It’s hard t find smene wh isn’t glued t the tiny screen, fingers mving at lightning speeds, texting their friends, emailing c-wrkers r listening t music. It may seem ridiculus (荒谬的) that smene is that addicted t such a small bject. I’ve seen peple wh seem t be at their wits’ end if their phne has been taken away, lst r left at hme.
Sme peple may ask, “What’s wrng with technlgy use? It’s a way fr peple t cmmunicate.” While this is true, the veruse f technlgy isn’t always suitable in certain settings. Schls are becming stricter abut the use f mbile phnes, iPds and ther electrnics in classrms. Varius wrkplaces have signs hanging n their walls warning emplyees that “Mbile phne use is nt permitted.”
Electrnics may be a way fr peple t cmmunicate and stay in tuch with each ther, but the disadvantages may utweigh the benefits. Peple are lsing the ability t hld face-t-face cnversatins with thers.
Hwever, it’s hard t avid electrnics in this day and age because almst everything is turning int an electrnic frmat. Bks, riginally meant fr paper design, are nw being transferred (转存) t electrnic frms. Pht albums, and even yearbks, can nw be viewed via the Internet. With this grwing trend (趋势), future generatins certainly becme even mre addicted t technlgy.
Is there a cure fr electrnic addictin? Simply turning electrnics ff fr an hur r tw a day may help t an extent, but it will nt cmpletely vercme electrnic addictin. There nly seems t be ne cure left, and it may be the hardest: self-cntrl.
12. What phenmenn is described in the first paragraph?
A. Addictin t smart phnes.B. The ppularity f smart phnes.
C. Bad behavirs in public places.D. Changes brught by technlgy.
13. What des the underlined phrase “at their wits’ end” in paragraph I prbably mean?
A. At a disadvantage.B. At a lss.C. Out f the way.D. Out f cntrl.
14. What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. The benefits f smart phnes.B. The future trend f smart phnes.
C. Reasns fr technlgy addictin.D. The negative impacts f smart phne addictin.
15. What advice des the authr give in the text?
A. Fcus n ther activities.B. Stay away frm smart phnes.
C. Develp and imprve self-cntrl.D. Change the habits f smart phne use.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们沉迷于智能手机的现象。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It’s hard t find smene wh isn’t glued t the tiny screen, fingers mving at lightning speeds, texting their friends, emailing c-wrkers r listening t music. It may seem ridiculus (荒谬的) that smene is that addicted t such a small bject. (很难找到一个不粘在小屏幕上、手指以闪电般的速度移动、给朋友发短信、给同事发邮件或听音乐的人。有人对这么小的东西如此上瘾，这似乎很荒谬)”可知，第一段描述了智能手机成瘾现象。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It’s hard t find smene wh isn’t glued t the tiny screen, fingers mving at lightning speeds, texting their friends, emailing c-wrkers r listening t music. It may seem ridiculus (荒谬的) that smene is that addicted t such a small bject. (很难找到一个不粘在小屏幕上、手指以闪电般的速度移动、给朋友发短信、给同事发邮件或听音乐的人。有人对这么小的东西如此上瘾，这似乎很荒谬)”可知，人们对智能手机很上瘾。再根据下文“if their phne has been taken away, lst r left at hme.(如果他们的手机被拿走、丢失或丢在家里)”可知，人们手机成瘾，如果手机被拿走、丢失或丢在家里，人们就会不知所措。由此推知，划线部分at their wits’ end与at a lss(不知所措)意思接近。故选B项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Hwever, it’s hard t avid electrnics in this day and age because almst everything is turning int an electrnic frmat. Bks, riginally meant fr paper design, are nw being transferred (转存) t electrnic frms. Pht albums, and even yearbks, can nw be viewed via the Internet. With this grwing trend (趋势), future generatins certainly becme even mre addicted t technlgy.(然而，在这个时代很难避免电子产品，因为几乎所有东西都在变成电子格式。原本用于纸面设计的书籍，现在正转变为电子形式。相册，甚至年鉴现在都可以通过互联网浏览。随着这一趋势的发展，未来的几代人肯定会更加沉迷于科技)”可知，第四段主要是关于智能手机的未来趋势。故选B项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Is there a cure fr electrnic addictin? Simply turning electrnics ff fr an hur r tw a day may help t an extent, but it will nt cmpletely vercme electrnic addictin. There nly seems t be ne cure left, and it may be the hardest: self-cntrl.(有治疗电子成瘾的方法吗?简单地每天关掉电子设备一两个小时可能会在一定程度上有所帮助，但它不会完全克服电子成瘾。似乎只有一种治疗方法，而且可能是最难的：自我控制)”可知，关于治疗手机上瘾，作者在文中给出的建议是发展和提高自我控制能力。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Raising teenagers can be bth difficult and rewarding(有回报的). They are becming yung adults. Almst all teenagers will have sme behaviral utbursts(爆发) with their families during this perid f life. ___16___ Here are sme ideas that may create psitive(积极的) experiences fr teens and parents.
Have meals tgether. Mealtime is when we check in with each ther. ___17___ Eating meals tgether ffers a way fr parents and kids t share what is n their minds. It brings families clser by creating trust and understanding t help guide children thrugh the challenges f the teen years.
___18___ As teens develp their wn sense f independence, it gets harder t find time t talk. Talk in the car tgether, when ding dishes tgether, r any time yu have a chance. Remember that n matter hw big their prblems seem, what mst teens want is lve and supprt. Help them cnnect with their families and cmmunities. During these years, help teens learn that their wrds and actins mater. ___19___ Others may find cnnectin thrugh spiritual cmmunities r frm having mre respnsibilities at hme. Cnnecting with families and cmmunities als helps keep teens safe frm riskier activity.
Find time t have fun tgether! What d yu bth enjy? Playing chess? Ging t the ballet? Vlunteering in yur cmmunity? Take time t have fun and enjy each ther’s cmpany. N ne wants the attentin f peple they lve t be fcused nly n what nt t d. This is true fr teenagers, t. ___20___
A. Talk with yur teen.
B. Never try t cntrl yur child.
C. Parents have a rle in keeping their teens safe.
D. Relaxing tgether helps them feel lved and valued.
E. This can be hard t d with busy schedules but it is imprtant.
F. Sme teens learn this by playing in music bands r team sprts.
G. But strng relatinships can help teens and their parents thrugh hard times.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了牢固的亲子关系可以帮助青少年顺利度过叛逆期，并提出一些可以为青少年和父母创造积极体验的建议。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Almst all teenagers will have sme behaviral utbursts with their families during this perid f life.(在这一时期，几乎所有的青少年都会与家人发生一些行为上的冲突。)”提及了青少年的“叛逆期”，因此可推知，设空句应呼应话题，继续讲述叛逆期，且提及如何度过这一时期。选项G“But strng relatinships can help teens and their parents thrugh hard times.(但是牢固的关系可以帮助青少年和他们的父母度过困难时期。)”中的“hard times”呼应了话题“叛逆期”，讲到了方法“牢固的父母子女关系”，且在逻辑上与前文构成转折。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据主旨句“Have meals tgether.”可知，该段的核心是“一起吃饭”，后文“Eating meals tgether ffers a way fr parents and kids t share what is n their minds. It brings families clser by creating trust and understanding t help guide children thrugh the challenges f the teen years.(一起吃饭为父母和孩子提供了一种分享他们心中所想的方式。它通过建立信任和理解来拉近家庭关系，帮助引导孩子度过青少年时期的挑战。)”则具体解释了家人一起吃饭对于青少年的重要性，因此设空句应是论点句，包含“一起吃饭很重要”这一结论。选项E“This can be hard t d with busy schedules, but it is imprtant.(这在繁忙的日程中可能很难做到，但这很重要。)”中“This”呼应前文，且“but”句为后文的“总结”，与后文构成解释关系。故选E项。
【18题详解】
设空句为该段主旨句。根据后文“As teens develp their wn sense f independence, it gets harder t find time t talk. Talk in the car tgether, when ding dishes tgether, r any time yu have a chance.(随着青少年独立意识的发展，找时间交谈变得越来越困难。在车里聊天，一起洗碗的时候聊天，或者任何有机会的时候聊天。)”可知，该段的核心为“与孩子聊天”。选项A“Talk with yur teen.(和你的孩子谈谈。)”贴合该段主旨。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Others may find cnnectin thrugh spiritual cmmunities r frm having mre respnsibilities at hme.(其他人可能通过精神社区或在家里承担更多的责任而找到联系。)”提到了其他人的做法，因此，与“Others”相呼应，设空句应是“Sme”。选项F“Sme teens learn this by playing in music bands r team sprts.(一些青少年通过参加乐队或团队运动学会了这一点。)”中出现了“Sme”，与后文构成并列关系，且“this”与前文“help teens learn that their wrds and actins mater(帮助青少年认识到他们的言行很重要)”相呼应。故选F项。
【20题详解】
该段的主旨句“Find time t have fun tgether!(找时间一起玩!)”提到了“欢乐时光”，因此设空句应以此为话题，且前文“N ne wants the attentin f peple they lve t be fcused nly n what nt t d. This is true fr teenagers, t.(没有人希望自己所爱的人只关注不该做的事情。青少年也是如此。)”提到了青少年也不喜欢被否定，那么设空句应讲述他们喜欢什么。选项D“Relaxing tgether helps them feel lved and valued.(一起放松能让他们感受到被爱和被重视。)”中“Relaxing tgether”呼应主题，且解释了青少年喜欢“被爱”和“被重视”。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Thursday mrning, tw teenage bys were saved by a drne (无人机) in Australia while lifeguards were still training t use the machine.
The swimmers aged 15 — 17, gt int difficulties abut 700 feet ff the cast f Lennx Head, New Suth Wales (NSW). A passer-by saw them ___21___in dangerus waves. Lifesavers ____22____sent the drne t drp a lifebat and the pair made their way safely t the ___23___.
The drne, knwn as “Little Ripper”, was actually nt ___24___ t be saving anyne just yet-lifeguards were being trained t ___25___the machine. When a call came thrugh abut the swimmers in ____26____, the drne happened t be nearby.
Jai Sheridan was the lifeguard wh___27___ the drne. He described the experience as___28___.The Little Ripper certainly prved itself tday. It was ___29___the drne when the alarm was raised. I directed it tward the swimmers, and drpped the ____30____. With its supprt they made their way t safety. They were ____31____, but nt hurt. The teens were saved in just 70 secnds with the drne — while a lifeguard wuld have taken up t six minutes t____32____ the rescue.”
Jhn Barilar, an fficial f the state ____33____ the rescue as histric. “It was the wrld’s_____34_____ rescue by the unmanned airplane,” he said. Never befre has a drne been used t ____35____ swimmers like this.“
21. A. playingB. surfingC. strugglingD. training
22. A. finallyB. secretlyC. immediatelyD. gratefully
23. A. islandB. shipC. hspitalD. shre
24. A. advisedB. suppsedC. allwedD. guided
25. A. get familiar withB. make use fC. grw used tD. take care f
26. A. chargeB. placeC. actinD. truble
27. A. flewB. brughtC. checkedD. designed
28. A. funnyB. usefulC. amazingD. imprtant
29. A. studyingB. piltingC. bardingD. appraching
30. A. lifebeltB. lifelineC. lifeguardD. lifebat
31. A. tiredB. sickC. excitedD. surprised
32. A. recrdB. cmpleteC. experienceD. reprt
33. A. thankedB. greetedC. imaginedD. praised
34. A. latestB. bestC. firstD. quickest
35. A. saveB. warnC. prtectD. defend
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了无人机营救水中遇到麻烦的游泳者的故事，证明了无人机营救的高效率。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个过路人看见他们在危险的海浪中挣扎。A. playing玩；B. surfing冲浪；C. struggling挣扎；D. training训练。根据上文“The swimmers, aged 15—17, gt int difficulties abut 700 feet ff the cast f Lennx Head, New Suth Wales (NSW).”可知，他们遇到了麻烦，在海浪中挣扎。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：救生员立即派无人机投下一艘救生艇，两人安全抵达岸边。A. finally最终；B. secretly秘密地；C. immediately立刻；D. gratefully感激地。根据上文“gt int difficulties abut 700 feet ff the cast …saw them ___1___in dangerus waves.”可知，在性命攸关之际，需要立刻救援。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：救生员立即派无人机投下一艘救生艇，两人安全抵达岸边。A. island岛屿；B. ship船；C. hspital医院；D. shre岸边。根据上文“Lifesavers ____2____sent the drne t drp a lifebat”救生员立即派无人机投下一艘救生艇，可推知，此处应表示在救生员的帮助下，两人安全抵达岸边。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这架被称为“小开膛手”的无人机实际上还不应该救人——救生员正在接受培训，以熟悉这台机器。A. advised建议；B. suppsed假如；C. allwed允许；D. guided指导。根据下文“lifeguards were being trained t ___5___the machine.”可知，救生员对无人机不熟练，不应该用于救人，be suppsed t d意为“应该干……”。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这架被称为“小开膛手”的无人机实际上还不应该救人——救生员正在接受培训，以熟悉这台机器。A. get familiar with熟悉；B. make use f充分利用；C. grw used t逐渐习惯；D. take care f照顾。根据上文“while lifeguards were still training t use the machine.”救生员还在训练如何使用这台机器。可知，此处应表示救生员对无人机还不熟悉。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：当一个关于游泳者遇到麻烦的电话打来时，这架无人机恰好在附近。A.in charge 负责；B. in place在适当的位置；C.in actin在行动中；D.in truble在麻烦之中。根据上文提到的一个过路人看见他们在危险的海浪中挣扎。以及该句中的“When a call came thrugh abut the swimmers”可推知，此处为游泳者处于麻烦之中。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰·谢里丹是操作无人机的救生员。A. flew操纵（飞行器等）；B. brught带来；C. checked检查；D. designed设计。根据下文“He described the experience as___8___.”他描述了自己的经历，可知，他参与了营救的事件，操作了无人机。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他形容这次经历令人惊异。A. funny有趣的；B. useful有用的；C. amazing令人惊讶的；D. imprtant重要的。根据下文“The Little Ripper certainly prved itself tday.”可知，无人机证明了快速营救的可行性，是令人惊讶的。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：警报响起时，他正在驾驶无人飞机。A. studying学习；B. pilting驾驶；C. barding登机；D. appraching靠近。根据下文“I directed it tward the swimmers”我操纵它飞向游泳者，可知，这个救生员正在操控无人机。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把它对准游泳的人，扔下救生艇。A. lifebelt安全带；B. lifeline救生索；C. lifeguard救生队；D. lifebat救生艇。根据“Lifesavers ____2____sent the drne t drp a lifebat”可知，此处为无人机把救生艇扔了下去。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很累，但没有受伤。A. tired疲惫的；B. sick生病的；C. excited兴奋的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文“A passer-by saw them struggling in dangerus waves.”可知，游泳者在惊涛骇浪中挣扎，可以推断，此处为很疲惫。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：无人机在70秒内就救了这些青少年，而救生员需要6分钟才能完成救援。A. recrd记录；B. cmplete完成；C. experience经历；D. reprt报道。根据句意以及上文“The teens were saved in just 70 secnds with the drne”可知，本句描述无人机和人工完成救援的对比。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该州官员约翰·巴里拉罗(Jhn Barilar)称赞这次救援具有历史意义。A. thanked感谢；B. greeted打招呼；C. imagined想象；D. praised表扬。根据下文““It was the wrld’s____14____ rescue by the unmanned airplane,””可知，此处为约翰·巴里拉罗对这次救援持表扬的态度。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是世界上第一次无人驾驶飞机的救援。A. latest最新的；B. best最好的；C. first第一个；D. quickest最快的。根据下文“Never befre has a drne been used t…”无人机从来没有被用来……，可知，此处应表示第一次用无人机参与营救。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前从来没有无人机被用来这样拯救游泳者。A. save拯救；B. warn警告；C. prtect保护；D. defend防卫。通读全文可知，文章讲的是无人机救援游泳者的故事，所以此处为描述这次营救的意义。故选A项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
At age 5，Lin Qiazhi lst her mther，____36____ death affected her deeply. S at age 18, she decided t study medicine despite ____37____ (cmplain) frm her brther. After graduating frm Peking Unin Medical Cllege with the Wenhai Schlarship, the ____38____ (high) prize given t ____39____ (graduate), she ____40____ (hire) as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department f the PUMC Hspital and later was named ____41____ chief resident physician. Several years later, she was sent t study in Eurpe and then the US where she was invited t stay by her clleagues but she ____42____ (reject) their ffer.
In1941, Lin Qiazhi became the first Chinese wman ever ____43____ (appint) directr f the OB-GYN department f the PUMC Hspital. In1954, she was elected t the first Natinal Peple's Cngress. Hwever, despite all these imprtant psitins, she was mre interested in tending patients, ____44____ (publish) medical research n care fr wmen and children, and training the next generatin f dctrs. Thugh Lin Qiazhi never married, she was knwn _____45_____ the “mther f ten thusand babies", having delivered ver 50,000 babies in her lifetime.
【答案】36. whse
37. cmplaint
38. highest
39. graduates
40. was hired
41. a 42. rejected
43. t be appinted
44. publishing
45. as
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述“万婴之母”林巧稚的故事。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在5岁时，林巧稚失去了她的妈妈，她妈妈的去世深深地影响着她。分析句子结构可知，____1____ death affected her deeply是定语从句，先行词her mther在从句中做定语，修饰后面的名词death。故填whse。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：所以在她18岁的时候，她决定学医，尽管她哥哥抱怨她。分析句子结构可知，空格前是despite介词，所以这里用名词，做宾语，指“抱怨”的意思。故填cmplaint。
【38题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：她拿到颁发给毕业生最高奖项的文海奖学金从北京协和医学院毕业，然后，她被雇佣为普安克医院妇产科的住院医师，后来被任命为首席住院医师。分析句子结构可知，空格前面有the修饰，所以这里用形容词最高级形式。故填highest。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构可知，这里要用名词的复数形式，表示泛指，“毕业生”的意思。故填graduates。
【40题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构可知，空格处是这句话的谓语动词，这句话描述的过去的事情，所以谓语用一般过去时，动词hire和主语she是被动的关系，所以用被动结构，be动词用was。故填was hired。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构可知，空格后chief resident physician是可数名词单数形式，前面要用不定冠词，表示泛指，“一个”的意思。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：几年后，她先被送到欧洲留学，然后去了美国，在那里她被同事邀请留下了，但她拒绝了他们的邀请。分析句子结构可知，空格处是这句话的谓语动词，这句话描述的过去的事情，所以谓语用一般过去时。故填rejected。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1941年，林巧稚成为中国有史以来第一位被任命为普通科医院妇产科主任的妇女。分析句子结构可知，空格前有序数词the first修饰，所以后面用动词不定式做后置定语，动词appint和被修饰的词Chinese wman是逻辑上的被动关系，所以用动词不定式的被动结构。故填t be appinted。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，尽管有这些重要的职位，她更感兴趣的是照顾病人，发表关于妇女和儿童护理的医学研究，以及培训下一代医生。分析句子结构可知，tending patients, ____9____ (publish) medical research n care fr wmen and children, and training the next generatin f dctrs是并列的关系，做介词in的宾语，所以用动名词形式。故填publishing。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：林巧稚虽未结婚，却被誉为“万婴之母”，一生接生过五万多个婴儿。be knwn as是固定短语，表示“作为…而有名”的意思。故填as。
第四部分 写作(满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
46. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）， 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Prtect traditinal Chinese culture plays a very imprtant rle in the diversity and inheritance f Chinese culture.
We are delighted t find that traditinal crafts like paper cutting has been prtected and inherited, r else we wuld lse such great treasure sn. It is the same valuable Chinese teachings like Cnfucianism.
As far as I was cncerned, sme measures shuld be taken t effective prtect traditinal Chinese culture. T start with, we must aruse peple’s aware f cultural prtectin, fr the mre imprtance we attach, the less supprt we can get frm the public. Hwever, schls shuld pay a mre attentin t cultural educatin s that students are fully aware f the significance f cultural prtectin.
In a wrd, it is high time fr urselves t treasure and develp ur wn valuable culture.
【答案】1. Prtect→Prtecting
2.has→have
3.same后添加with
4was→am
5.effective→effectively
6.aware→awareness
7.less→mre
8.Hwever→Besides
9.去掉a
10.urselves→us
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章中强调了保护中国传统文化对中国文化的多样性和传承起着非常重要的作用，同时还提出了一些保护中国传统文化的措施。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，prtect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且句子缺少主语，故应用动名词短语作主语。故 Prtect改为Prtecting。
2.考查主谓一致。此处主语为“traditinal crafts”，时态为一般现在时，故谓语动词应用动词原形。故has改为have。
3.考查介词。句意：这和中国有价值的教义如儒家思想是相同的。结合句意表示“与……相同”可知短语为It is the same with…。故same后添加with。
4.考查固定短语。句意：在我看来，应该采取一些措施来有效地保护中国传统文化。结合句意表示“在我看来”可知短语为as far as I am cncerned。故was改为am。
5.考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词prtect应用副词effectively，作状语。故effective改为effectively。
6.考查名词。根据上文名词所有格peple’s，可知此处应用名词awareness，作宾语，且表示抽象概念不可数。故aware改为awareness。
7.考查比较级。句意：首先，我们必须唤起人们保护文化的意识，因为我们越是重视，我们从公众那里得到的支持就越多。此处为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越多”应用比较级mre。故less改为mre。
8.考查副词。句意：此外，学校应该更加重视文化教育，让学生充分认识到文化保护的重要性。此处表示“此外”应用副词besides，hwever表示“然而”，表转折。故Hwever改为Besides。
9.考查名词。句意同上。结合句意表示“更加重视”可知短语为pay mre attentin t，中间没有冠词。故去掉a。
10.考查代词。句意：总之，是时候让我们珍惜和发展我们自己有价值的文化了。此处作介词fr的宾语，指“我们”应用人称代词宾格us。故urselves改为us。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
47. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰交换生朋友Julia自到中国以来，因饮食不健康、缺乏锻炼等原因导致了一系列的健康问题，所以写信向你求助。请你用英语给她回封邮件，要点如下：
1. 帮她分析问题原因;
2. 替她找到解决方法。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Julia,
Knwing that yu are suffering frm a series f health prblems, I’m terribly srry but I believe yu needn’t wrry t much since it’s nt difficult t find ut the reasns and yu’re bund t deal with them.
As yu have mentined in yur email, yu have been crazy abut Chinese fd since yu came t China. Actually, Chinese fd is widely believed t be amng the healthiest in the wrld. The prblem is that yu have been eating t much fried fd and sweat snacks. S yu shuld learn t be a smart eater. Meanwhile, yu have been exercising t little. Lts f utdr activities are arranged in ur schl each week and I hpe yu’ll take an active part in them.
It is high time yu changed yur lifestyle. Hpefully yu can live happily and healthily in China.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给新西兰交换生朋友Julia写信帮助她分析一系列的健康问题产生的原因并提出解决方法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
了解：knw→ learn
解决：deal with → d with
高兴地：happily→ gladly
应该：shuld→ ught t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knwing that yu are suffering frm a series f health prblems, I’m terribly srry but I believe yu needn’t wrry t much since it’s nt difficult t find ut the reasns and yu’re bund t deal with them.
拓展句：Because I knw that yu are suffering frm a series f health prblems, I’m terribly srry but I believe yu needn’t wrry t much since it’s nt difficult t find ut the reasns and yu’re bund t deal with them.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The prblem is that yu have been eating t much fried fd and sweat snacks.（运用了that引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】As yu have mentined in yur email, yu have been crazy abut Chinese fd since yu came t China.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Ging n a rad trip? The Statue f Liberty, Glden Gate Bridge and the Hearst Castle are cmmn great turist sites. But if yu prefer ffbeat places,check ut the fllwing radside attractins.
Wrld’s Largest Ball f Paint
Alexandria, Ind.
In 1977, Michael Carmichael set ut t create the biggest ball f paint anywhere. Starting with a baseball as the centre, he painted cat after cat f paint day after day, year after year. The ball weighs mre than l ,300 punds,with mre than 20,000 cats f paint, which is recgnised by Guinness Wrld Recrds. Visitrs can paint the ball themselves and becme part f histry.
The Museum f Dirt
Bstn, Mass.
The museum is the idea f Glenn Jhnsn. In the glass bttles are such treasures as dirt frm the Great Wall f China, as well as sand frm a desert in Saudi Arabia and Omaha Beach in France. Best f all, the cst f seeing this museum is dirt cheap: It’s free.
Munt Hreb Mustard Museum
Munt Hreb, Wis.
It’s heaven fr ht dg lvers! This museum says that it has t have the wrld’s largest cllectin f prepared mustard (芥末). It’s mre than 4,100 bttles f spices (香料) cme frm 60 natins, including Turkey and China.Visitrs learn the histry f mustard, frm hw it’s made t hw it’s advertised and sld. The museum’s creatr, Barry Levensn, lves mustard s much that he even puts it n ice cream!
Paper Huse
Rck prt, Mass,
Elis Stenman was much ahead f his time in 1922, when he started t build a tw-rm huse almst cmpletely ut f newspaper. At the time, peple didn’t give much - if any - thught t recycling (回收利用) paper.In fact, “recycling” wasn’t even a wrd then. The huse is framed (以做框架) with wd, but the walls are made f newspaper nly. In all, he used abut 100,000 newspapers.
1. What can the underlined wrd “ffbeat” in the first paragraph best be replaced by?
A. perfect.B. quiet.
C. public.D. unusual.
2. Which f the fllwing can prvide hands-n experience?
A. Wrld’s Largest Ball f Paint.B. The Museum f Dirt.
C. Munt Hreb Mustard Museum.D. Paper Huse.
3. What can we learn frm the text?
A. Michael is a famus artist.B. Paper Huse is cmpletely made f paper.
C. Visitrs needn’t pay fr the Museum f Dirt.D. Glenn is attracted by ancient Chinese civilisatin.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几个小而别致的旅游景点。
1题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“The Statue f Liberty, Glden Gate Bridge and the Hearst Castle are cmmn great turist sites.”（自由女神像、金门大桥和赫斯特城堡是常见的著名旅游景点。）提到常见的著名旅游景点，以及下文的But转折可知，可推知，划线单词句子应表示但如果你喜欢另类的地方，看看下面的路边景点。故可猜测划线单词ffbeat为“另类的，不寻常的”意思，结合选项D项unusual“不寻常的”意思一致。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wrld’s Largest Ball f Paint中“Visitrs can paint the ball themselves and becme part f histry.”（游客们可以自己给球上色，成为历史的一部分。）可知，游客参观Wrld’s Largest Ball f Paint时，可以自己动手参与涂漆。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Museum f Dirt中“Best f all, the cst f seeing this museum is dirt cheap: It’s free.”（最重要的是，参观这座博物馆的费用非常便宜：完全免费。）可知， 我们能从文章中了解到参观The Museum f Dirt是免费的。故选C项。ABD选项均与原文内容不符。故选C项。
B
Is lking fashinable mre imprtant than being cmfrtable? Many peple seem t think s, judging (判断) by the things they wear. But fashin is nt everything. It is mre imprtant t be a healthy and gd persn.
Peple g t great lengths t be fashinable. Sme peple think they have t have a certain bdy type, s they g n extreme, unhealthy diets in rder t change their bdies. In additin, many wmen wear uncmfrtable fashins, such as high-heeled shes that cause pain t their feet, and tight bdy shapers that limit bld flw. Men and wmen alike spend time and mney n prducts that change their natural hair clr r hairstyle. Sme peple even spend several hurs a day in frnt f a mirrr. Is fashin s imprtant that peple spend s much time and effrt changing what they lk like?
If the purpse f fashin is t make a persn feel gd, it des nt make sense that he r she wuld g thrugh s much discmfrt t be fashinable. Fashin shuld nt cme first. Peple shuld put their health and psitive image in the first place. What peple wear des nt say anything abut their persnalities. Instead f spending hurs chsing a dress, perhaps yu shuld call yur friends and d smething tgether, such as playing sccer r badmintn. Instead f ging n strict diets and frcing yurself t stay hungry, why nt eat sme healthy fds and then exercise? By ding these things, yu can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grw as a persn.
4. Why des the authr include questins in the text?
A. T enrich the cntent.B. T intrduce a new tpic.
C. T present different ideas.D. T encurage readers t think.
5. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The fact abut fashin industry.B. Reasns why fashin is imprtant.
C. The price t pay fr being fashinable.D. Prducts ppular with fashin fllwers.
6. Which f the fllwing activities wuld the authr mst likely recmmend?
A. Ging skiing with friends.B. Starting a new diet with a friend.
C. Changing hairstyles every week.D. Shpping fr fashinable clthes.
7. What is the authr’s main purpse in writing the text?
A. T intrduce the latest fashin trends.
B. T tell readers hw t remain fashinable.
C. T advise readers t value health ver fashin.
D. T shw readers advantages and disadvantages f dieting.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要就时尚和舒适展开讨论，劝说读者时尚远不如健康和舒适更重要，并且提出了健康生活方式的建议。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Is lking fashinable mre imprtant than being cmfrtable? Many peple seem t think s, judging (判断) by the things they wear. But fashin is nt everything. It is mre imprtant t be a healthy and gd persn.(看起来时尚比舒适更重要吗？从他们穿的衣服来判断，很多人似乎都这么认为。但时尚并不是一切。做一个健康舒适的人更重要)”可知，作者提出问题，以引入文章的主题：健康比时尚更重要。故选B项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Sme peple think they have t have a certain bdy type, s they g n extreme, unhealthy diets in rder t change their bdies. In additin, many wmen wear uncmfrtable fashins, such as high-heeled shes that cause pain t their feet, and tight bdy shapers that limit bld flw. Men and wmen alike spend time and mney n prducts that change their natural hair clr r hairstyle. Sme peple even spend several hurs a day in frnt f a mirrr.(有些人认为自己必须拥有某种体型，所以他们为了改变自己的身材，采取极端、不健康的饮食。此外，许多女性穿着不舒适的时装，如导致脚部疼痛的高跟鞋，限制血液流动的紧身塑身衣。男人和女人都会花时间和金钱购买改变他们自然发色或发型的产品。有些人甚至每天花几个小时在镜子前)”可知，本段主要介绍了人们为了时尚付出的代价。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Instead f spending hurs chsing a dress, perhaps yu shuld call yur friends and d smething tgether, such as playing sccer r badmintn. Instead f ging n strict diets and frcing yurself t stay hungry, why nt eat sme healthy fds and then exercise? By ding these things, yu can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grw as a persn.(与其花几个小时来挑选衣服，也许你应该打电话给你的朋友，一起做一些事情，比如踢足球或打羽毛球。与其严格节食，强迫自己保持饥饿，为什么不吃一些健康的食物，然后锻炼身体呢？通过做这些事情，你可以保持健康的生活方式，真正成长为一个人)”可知，与花费时间精力以及牺牲健康而换取时尚相比，作者认为应该吃健康食物，和朋友一起锻炼身体。由此推知，作者可能推荐和朋友一起去滑雪这项活动。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“But fashin is nt everything. It is mre imprtant t be a healthy and gd persn.(但时尚并不是一切。做一个健康舒适的人更重要)”以及第三段“Fashin shuld nt cme first. Peple shuld put their health and psitive image in the first place.(时尚不应该是第一位的。人们应该把健康和正面形象放在首位)”可知，本文说明时尚远不如健康和舒适更重要。由此推知，作者写作本文的目的是劝说读者重视健康胜过重视时尚。故选C项。
C
Nt even a flded river culd stand between Mary Breckinridge and the hspital her patients needed. A heavy rain ruined the banks beside Mary Breckinridge’s Wendver, Kentucky, clinic (诊所). She had t find a way t get her five patients t the hspital in Lexingtn.
With a neighbur’s help, Mary and the nurses built a bat. They named it Ambulance, and n the mrning f 30 December 1926, Mary, anther nurse, and the patients set ff dwn the river. After sixteen wild miles n the dangerus river, they arrived at the train statin in Kryptn. As she watched the train pull away with her patients safely n bard, Mary smiled and waved.
Mary had nt planned t be a nurse. She was the daughter f a wealthy Kentucky plitician. As a child, Mary was influenced by her family wh had always been cncerned (担忧) abut the pr peple f the state. When she grew up, Mary was inspired t becme a nurse. S in 1925, Mary hired a few British-trained nurses and, with sme mney frm her family, started the Frntier Nursing Service in Wendver, Kentucky.
Befre Mary and her nurses came, the muntain peple lived a hard life. Families made s little mney that they culd nt affrd dctrs r medicine. Many children had diseases and early every persn was malnurished fr lack f fd. Mary and the nurses built clinics and a small hspital deep in the frests f Leslie Cunty. There were n rads, electricity, r telephnes. Each day the nurses rde n hrseback t faraway farms, ften in bad weather, t answer calls fr help. They wrked hard t keep an eye n their patients.
The Frntier Nursing Service grew. Tday their nursing service reaches far beynd the Kentucky muntains. Medical prfessinals frm all ver the wrld cme t Wendver t study rural ( 乡村的 ) health care in actin. When these men and wmen g back t their wn cuntries, they are prepared t help peple in need.
8. Hw did Mary get her patients t Kryptn?
A. By train.B. By car.
C. By water.D. On hrseback.
9. What des the underlined wrd “malnurished” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. In bad health.B. Shrt f mney.
C. Lacking in fd.D. At risk fr diseases.
10. What can we learn abut Mary Breckinridge frm the text?
A. She trained all f the nurses herself.
B. She never had enugh mney fr her wrk.
C. She remains a great influence n health care tday.
D. She wiped ut diseases in the Kentucky muntains.
11. What might be the muntain peple’s attitude twards Mary and the nurses’ service?
A. Dubtful.B. Uncaring.
C. Supprtive.D. Thankful.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在20世纪20年代一名叫玛丽.布雷肯里奇的女护士在肯塔基偏远山区建立医疗所，骑马为山区人民提供医疗服务的故事。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“With a neighbur’s help, Mary and the nurses built a bat. (在邻居的帮助下，玛丽和护士们造了一艘船。)”以及“ After sixteen wild miles n the dangerus river, they arrived at the train statin in Kryptn.(在危险的河上狂奔了16英里后，她们到达了克利普顿的火车站。)”可知，玛丽与其他护士一起造船，最终通过水路将病人送到了克利普顿的火车站，然后乘上了开往菜克星顿医院的火车。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。第四段中“Befre Mary and her nurses came, the muntain peple lived a hard life. Families made s little mney that they culd nt affrd dctrs r medicine.(在玛丽和她的护士来之前，山里的人们过着艰苦的生活。家庭收入如此之少，以至于他们支付不起医生的费用或买药品。)”可知本段讲述的是当地人民生活艰难，没有钱去看病或买药。同时根据划线词前面的内容“ Many children had diseases (许多孩子都有疾病)”以及划线词后面的内容“fr lack f fd(因为缺乏食物)”可知，由于缺乏食物，几乎每个人的健康状况都不是很好，所以选项A符合语境。A选项“In bad health.(糟糕的健康状况)”与划线词同义。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中最后一段“Tday their nursing service reaches far beynd the Kentucky muntains. Medical prfessinals frm all ver the wrld cme t Wendver t study rural ( 乡村的 ) health care in actin. When these men and wmen g back t their wn cuntries, they are prepared t help peple in need.( 今天，她们的护理服务远远超出了肯塔基山脉。来自世界各地的医学专家来到温多佛学习农村医疗保健的实际情况。当这些男人和女人回到自己的国家，他们准备帮助有需要的人。)”可知，许多国外的专业人士来到玛丽创办的机构学习乡村医疗卫生保健服务，这些人回到自己的国家后又准备帮助需要帮助的人。由此可知，玛丽对目前的医疗服务仍然有着很深远的影响。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“With a neighbur’s help, Mary and the nurses built a bat. (在邻居的帮助下，玛丽和护士们造了一艘船。)”以及“ After sixteen wild miles n the dangerus river, they arrived at the train statin in Kryptn.(在危险的河上狂奔了16英里后，她们到达了克利普顿的火车站。)”可知，玛丽与其他护士一起造船，最终通过水路将病人送到了克利普顿的火车站，然后乘上了开往菜克星顿医院的火车。以及通读全文克制，玛丽和其他护士克服困难，为肯塔基山区人民提供医疗服务，对于这一善行，当地人民应该是感谢的。故选D。
D
Technlgy use seems t be the new wave f addictin hitting peple f all ages. The next time yu’re in a crwded public place, lk at the peple arund yu. It’s hard t find smene wh isn’t glued t the tiny screen, fingers mving at lightning speeds, texting their friends, emailing c-wrkers r listening t music. It may seem ridiculus (荒谬的) that smene is that addicted t such a small bject. I’ve seen peple wh seem t be at their wits’ end if their phne has been taken away, lst r left at hme.
Sme peple may ask, “What’s wrng with technlgy use? It’s a way fr peple t cmmunicate.” While this is true, the veruse f technlgy isn’t always suitable in certain settings. Schls are becming stricter abut the use f mbile phnes, iPds and ther electrnics in classrms. Varius wrkplaces have signs hanging n their walls warning emplyees that “Mbile phne use is nt permitted.”
Electrnics may be a way fr peple t cmmunicate and stay in tuch with each ther, but the disadvantages may utweigh the benefits. Peple are lsing the ability t hld face-t-face cnversatins with thers.
Hwever, it’s hard t avid electrnics in this day and age because almst everything is turning int an electrnic frmat. Bks, riginally meant fr paper design, are nw being transferred (转存) t electrnic frms. Pht albums, and even yearbks, can nw be viewed via the Internet. With this grwing trend (趋势), future generatins certainly becme even mre addicted t technlgy.
Is there a cure fr electrnic addictin? Simply turning electrnics ff fr an hur r tw a day may help t an extent, but it will nt cmpletely vercme electrnic addictin. There nly seems t be ne cure left, and it may be the hardest: self-cntrl.
12. What phenmenn is described in the first paragraph?
A. Addictin t smart phnes.B. The ppularity f smart phnes.
C. Bad behavirs in public places.D. Changes brught by technlgy.
13. What des the underlined phrase “at their wits’ end” in paragraph I prbably mean?
A. At a disadvantage.B. At a lss.C. Out f the way.D. Out f cntrl.
14. What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. The benefits f smart phnes.B. The future trend f smart phnes.
C. Reasns fr technlgy addictin.D. The negative impacts f smart phne addictin.
15. What advice des the authr give in the text?
A. Fcus n ther activities.B. Stay away frm smart phnes.
C. Develp and imprve self-cntrl.D. Change the habits f smart phne use.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们沉迷于智能手机的现象。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It’s hard t find smene wh isn’t glued t the tiny screen, fingers mving at lightning speeds, texting their friends, emailing c-wrkers r listening t music. It may seem ridiculus (荒谬的) that smene is that addicted t such a small bject. (很难找到一个不粘在小屏幕上、手指以闪电般的速度移动、给朋友发短信、给同事发邮件或听音乐的人。有人对这么小的东西如此上瘾，这似乎很荒谬)”可知，第一段描述了智能手机成瘾现象。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It’s hard t find smene wh isn’t glued t the tiny screen, fingers mving at lightning speeds, texting their friends, emailing c-wrkers r listening t music. It may seem ridiculus (荒谬的) that smene is that addicted t such a small bject. (很难找到一个不粘在小屏幕上、手指以闪电般的速度移动、给朋友发短信、给同事发邮件或听音乐的人。有人对这么小的东西如此上瘾，这似乎很荒谬)”可知，人们对智能手机很上瘾。再根据下文“if their phne has been taken away, lst r left at hme.(如果他们的手机被拿走、丢失或丢在家里)”可知，人们手机成瘾，如果手机被拿走、丢失或丢在家里，人们就会不知所措。由此推知，划线部分at their wits’ end与at a lss(不知所措)意思接近。故选B项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Hwever, it’s hard t avid electrnics in this day and age because almst everything is turning int an electrnic frmat. Bks, riginally meant fr paper design, are nw being transferred (转存) t electrnic frms. Pht albums, and even yearbks, can nw be viewed via the Internet. With this grwing trend (趋势), future generatins certainly becme even mre addicted t technlgy.(然而，在这个时代很难避免电子产品，因为几乎所有东西都在变成电子格式。原本用于纸面设计的书籍，现在正转变为电子形式。相册，甚至年鉴现在都可以通过互联网浏览。随着这一趋势的发展，未来的几代人肯定会更加沉迷于科技)”可知，第四段主要是关于智能手机的未来趋势。故选B项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Is there a cure fr electrnic addictin? Simply turning electrnics ff fr an hur r tw a day may help t an extent, but it will nt cmpletely vercme electrnic addictin. There nly seems t be ne cure left, and it may be the hardest: self-cntrl.(有治疗电子成瘾的方法吗?简单地每天关掉电子设备一两个小时可能会在一定程度上有所帮助，但它不会完全克服电子成瘾。似乎只有一种治疗方法，而且可能是最难的：自我控制)”可知，关于治疗手机上瘾，作者在文中给出的建议是发展和提高自我控制能力。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Raising teenagers can be bth difficult and rewarding(有回报的). They are becming yung adults. Almst all teenagers will have sme behaviral utbursts(爆发) with their families during this perid f life. ___16___ Here are sme ideas that may create psitive(积极的) experiences fr teens and parents.
Have meals tgether. Mealtime is when we check in with each ther. ___17___ Eating meals tgether ffers a way fr parents and kids t share what is n their minds. It brings families clser by creating trust and understanding t help guide children thrugh the challenges f the teen years.
___18___ As teens develp their wn sense f independence, it gets harder t find time t talk. Talk in the car tgether, when ding dishes tgether, r any time yu have a chance. Remember that n matter hw big their prblems seem, what mst teens want is lve and supprt. Help them cnnect with their families and cmmunities. During these years, help teens learn that their wrds and actins mater. ___19___ Others may find cnnectin thrugh spiritual cmmunities r frm having mre respnsibilities at hme. Cnnecting with families and cmmunities als helps keep teens safe frm riskier activity.
Find time t have fun tgether! What d yu bth enjy? Playing chess? Ging t the ballet? Vlunteering in yur cmmunity? Take time t have fun and enjy each ther’s cmpany. N ne wants the attentin f peple they lve t be fcused nly n what nt t d. This is true fr teenagers, t. ___20___
A. Talk with yur teen.
B. Never try t cntrl yur child.
C. Parents have a rle in keeping their teens safe.
D. Relaxing tgether helps them feel lved and valued.
E. This can be hard t d with busy schedules but it is imprtant.
F. Sme teens learn this by playing in music bands r team sprts.
G. But strng relatinships can help teens and their parents thrugh hard times.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了牢固的亲子关系可以帮助青少年顺利度过叛逆期，并提出一些可以为青少年和父母创造积极体验的建议。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Almst all teenagers will have sme behaviral utbursts with their families during this perid f life.(在这一时期，几乎所有的青少年都会与家人发生一些行为上的冲突。)”提及了青少年的“叛逆期”，因此可推知，设空句应呼应话题，继续讲述叛逆期，且提及如何度过这一时期。选项G“But strng relatinships can help teens and their parents thrugh hard times.(但是牢固的关系可以帮助青少年和他们的父母度过困难时期。)”中的“hard times”呼应了话题“叛逆期”，讲到了方法“牢固的父母子女关系”，且在逻辑上与前文构成转折。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据主旨句“Have meals tgether.”可知，该段的核心是“一起吃饭”，后文“Eating meals tgether ffers a way fr parents and kids t share what is n their minds. It brings families clser by creating trust and understanding t help guide children thrugh the challenges f the teen years.(一起吃饭为父母和孩子提供了一种分享他们心中所想的方式。它通过建立信任和理解来拉近家庭关系，帮助引导孩子度过青少年时期的挑战。)”则具体解释了家人一起吃饭对于青少年的重要性，因此设空句应是论点句，包含“一起吃饭很重要”这一结论。选项E“This can be hard t d with busy schedules, but it is imprtant.(这在繁忙的日程中可能很难做到，但这很重要。)”中“This”呼应前文，且“but”句为后文的“总结”，与后文构成解释关系。故选E项。
【18题详解】
设空句为该段主旨句。根据后文“As teens develp their wn sense f independence, it gets harder t find time t talk. Talk in the car tgether, when ding dishes tgether, r any time yu have a chance.(随着青少年独立意识的发展，找时间交谈变得越来越困难。在车里聊天，一起洗碗的时候聊天，或者任何有机会的时候聊天。)”可知，该段的核心为“与孩子聊天”。选项A“Talk with yur teen.(和你的孩子谈谈。)”贴合该段主旨。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Others may find cnnectin thrugh spiritual cmmunities r frm having mre respnsibilities at hme.(其他人可能通过精神社区或在家里承担更多的责任而找到联系。)”提到了其他人的做法，因此，与“Others”相呼应，设空句应是“Sme”。选项F“Sme teens learn this by playing in music bands r team sprts.(一些青少年通过参加乐队或团队运动学会了这一点。)”中出现了“Sme”，与后文构成并列关系，且“this”与前文“help teens learn that their wrds and actins mater(帮助青少年认识到他们的言行很重要)”相呼应。故选F项。
【20题详解】
该段的主旨句“Find time t have fun tgether!(找时间一起玩!)”提到了“欢乐时光”，因此设空句应以此为话题，且前文“N ne wants the attentin f peple they lve t be fcused nly n what nt t d. This is true fr teenagers, t.(没有人希望自己所爱的人只关注不该做的事情。青少年也是如此。)”提到了青少年也不喜欢被否定，那么设空句应讲述他们喜欢什么。选项D“Relaxing tgether helps them feel lved and valued.(一起放松能让他们感受到被爱和被重视。)”中“Relaxing tgether”呼应主题，且解释了青少年喜欢“被爱”和“被重视”。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Thursday mrning, tw teenage bys were saved by a drne (无人机) in Australia while lifeguards were still training t use the machine.
The swimmers aged 15 — 17, gt int difficulties abut 700 feet ff the cast f Lennx Head, New Suth Wales (NSW). A passer-by saw them ___21___in dangerus waves. Lifesavers ____22____sent the drne t drp a lifebat and the pair made their way safely t the ___23___.
The drne, knwn as “Little Ripper”, was actually nt ___24___ t be saving anyne just yet-lifeguards were being trained t ___25___the machine. When a call came thrugh abut the swimmers in ____26____, the drne happened t be nearby.
Jai Sheridan was the lifeguard wh___27___ the drne. He described the experience as___28___.The Little Ripper certainly prved itself tday. It was ___29___the drne when the alarm was raised. I directed it tward the swimmers, and drpped the ____30____. With its supprt they made their way t safety. They were ____31____, but nt hurt. The teens were saved in just 70 secnds with the drne — while a lifeguard wuld have taken up t six minutes t____32____ the rescue.”
Jhn Barilar, an fficial f the state ____33____ the rescue as histric. “It was the wrld’s_____34_____ rescue by the unmanned airplane,” he said. Never befre has a drne been used t ____35____ swimmers like this.“
21. A. playingB. surfingC. strugglingD. training
22. A. finallyB. secretlyC. immediatelyD. gratefully
23. A. islandB. shipC. hspitalD. shre
24. A. advisedB. suppsedC. allwedD. guided
25. A. get familiar withB. make use fC. grw used tD. take care f
26. A. chargeB. placeC. actinD. truble
27. A. flewB. brughtC. checkedD. designed
28. A. funnyB. usefulC. amazingD. imprtant
29. A. studyingB. piltingC. bardingD. appraching
30. A. lifebeltB. lifelineC. lifeguardD. lifebat
31. A. tiredB. sickC. excitedD. surprised
32. A. recrdB. cmpleteC. experienceD. reprt
33. A. thankedB. greetedC. imaginedD. praised
34. A. latestB. bestC. firstD. quickest
35. A. saveB. warnC. prtectD. defend
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了无人机营救水中遇到麻烦的游泳者的故事，证明了无人机营救的高效率。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个过路人看见他们在危险的海浪中挣扎。A. playing玩；B. surfing冲浪；C. struggling挣扎；D. training训练。根据上文“The swimmers, aged 15—17, gt int difficulties abut 700 feet ff the cast f Lennx Head, New Suth Wales (NSW).”可知，他们遇到了麻烦，在海浪中挣扎。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：救生员立即派无人机投下一艘救生艇，两人安全抵达岸边。A. finally最终；B. secretly秘密地；C. immediately立刻；D. gratefully感激地。根据上文“gt int difficulties abut 700 feet ff the cast …saw them ___1___in dangerus waves.”可知，在性命攸关之际，需要立刻救援。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：救生员立即派无人机投下一艘救生艇，两人安全抵达岸边。A. island岛屿；B. ship船；C. hspital医院；D. shre岸边。根据上文“Lifesavers ____2____sent the drne t drp a lifebat”救生员立即派无人机投下一艘救生艇，可推知，此处应表示在救生员的帮助下，两人安全抵达岸边。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这架被称为“小开膛手”的无人机实际上还不应该救人——救生员正在接受培训，以熟悉这台机器。A. advised建议；B. suppsed假如；C. allwed允许；D. guided指导。根据下文“lifeguards were being trained t ___5___the machine.”可知，救生员对无人机不熟练，不应该用于救人，be suppsed t d意为“应该干……”。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这架被称为“小开膛手”的无人机实际上还不应该救人——救生员正在接受培训，以熟悉这台机器。A. get familiar with熟悉；B. make use f充分利用；C. grw used t逐渐习惯；D. take care f照顾。根据上文“while lifeguards were still training t use the machine.”救生员还在训练如何使用这台机器。可知，此处应表示救生员对无人机还不熟悉。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：当一个关于游泳者遇到麻烦的电话打来时，这架无人机恰好在附近。A.in charge 负责；B. in place在适当的位置；C.in actin在行动中；D.in truble在麻烦之中。根据上文提到的一个过路人看见他们在危险的海浪中挣扎。以及该句中的“When a call came thrugh abut the swimmers”可推知，此处为游泳者处于麻烦之中。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰·谢里丹是操作无人机的救生员。A. flew操纵（飞行器等）；B. brught带来；C. checked检查；D. designed设计。根据下文“He described the experience as___8___.”他描述了自己的经历，可知，他参与了营救的事件，操作了无人机。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他形容这次经历令人惊异。A. funny有趣的；B. useful有用的；C. amazing令人惊讶的；D. imprtant重要的。根据下文“The Little Ripper certainly prved itself tday.”可知，无人机证明了快速营救的可行性，是令人惊讶的。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：警报响起时，他正在驾驶无人飞机。A. studying学习；B. pilting驾驶；C. barding登机；D. appraching靠近。根据下文“I directed it tward the swimmers”我操纵它飞向游泳者，可知，这个救生员正在操控无人机。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把它对准游泳的人，扔下救生艇。A. lifebelt安全带；B. lifeline救生索；C. lifeguard救生队；D. lifebat救生艇。根据“Lifesavers ____2____sent the drne t drp a lifebat”可知，此处为无人机把救生艇扔了下去。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很累，但没有受伤。A. tired疲惫的；B. sick生病的；C. excited兴奋的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文“A passer-by saw them struggling in dangerus waves.”可知，游泳者在惊涛骇浪中挣扎，可以推断，此处为很疲惫。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：无人机在70秒内就救了这些青少年，而救生员需要6分钟才能完成救援。A. recrd记录；B. cmplete完成；C. experience经历；D. reprt报道。根据句意以及上文“The teens were saved in just 70 secnds with the drne”可知，本句描述无人机和人工完成救援的对比。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该州官员约翰·巴里拉罗(Jhn Barilar)称赞这次救援具有历史意义。A. thanked感谢；B. greeted打招呼；C. imagined想象；D. praised表扬。根据下文““It was the wrld’s____14____ rescue by the unmanned airplane,””可知，此处为约翰·巴里拉罗对这次救援持表扬的态度。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是世界上第一次无人驾驶飞机的救援。A. latest最新的；B. best最好的；C. first第一个；D. quickest最快的。根据下文“Never befre has a drne been used t…”无人机从来没有被用来……，可知，此处应表示第一次用无人机参与营救。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前从来没有无人机被用来这样拯救游泳者。A. save拯救；B. warn警告；C. prtect保护；D. defend防卫。通读全文可知，文章讲的是无人机救援游泳者的故事，所以此处为描述这次营救的意义。故选A项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
At age 5，Lin Qiazhi lst her mther，____36____ death affected her deeply. S at age 18, she decided t study medicine despite ____37____ (cmplain) frm her brther. After graduating frm Peking Unin Medical Cllege with the Wenhai Schlarship, the ____38____ (high) prize given t ____39____ (graduate), she ____40____ (hire) as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department f the PUMC Hspital and later was named ____41____ chief resident physician. Several years later, she was sent t study in Eurpe and then the US where she was invited t stay by her clleagues but she ____42____ (reject) their ffer.
In1941, Lin Qiazhi became the first Chinese wman ever ____43____ (appint) directr f the OB-GYN department f the PUMC Hspital. In1954, she was elected t the first Natinal Peple's Cngress. Hwever, despite all these imprtant psitins, she was mre interested in tending patients, ____44____ (publish) medical research n care fr wmen and children, and training the next generatin f dctrs. Thugh Lin Qiazhi never married, she was knwn _____45_____ the “mther f ten thusand babies", having delivered ver 50,000 babies in her lifetime.
【答案】36. whse
37. cmplaint
38. highest
39. graduates
40. was hired
41. a 42. rejected
43. t be appinted
44. publishing
45. as
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述“万婴之母”林巧稚的故事。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在5岁时，林巧稚失去了她的妈妈，她妈妈的去世深深地影响着她。分析句子结构可知，____1____ death affected her deeply是定语从句，先行词her mther在从句中做定语，修饰后面的名词death。故填whse。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：所以在她18岁的时候，她决定学医，尽管她哥哥抱怨她。分析句子结构可知，空格前是despite介词，所以这里用名词，做宾语，指“抱怨”的意思。故填cmplaint。
【38题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：她拿到颁发给毕业生最高奖项的文海奖学金从北京协和医学院毕业，然后，她被雇佣为普安克医院妇产科的住院医师，后来被任命为首席住院医师。分析句子结构可知，空格前面有the修饰，所以这里用形容词最高级形式。故填highest。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构可知，这里要用名词的复数形式，表示泛指，“毕业生”的意思。故填graduates。
【40题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构可知，空格处是这句话的谓语动词，这句话描述的过去的事情，所以谓语用一般过去时，动词hire和主语she是被动的关系，所以用被动结构，be动词用was。故填was hired。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构可知，空格后chief resident physician是可数名词单数形式，前面要用不定冠词，表示泛指，“一个”的意思。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：几年后，她先被送到欧洲留学，然后去了美国，在那里她被同事邀请留下了，但她拒绝了他们的邀请。分析句子结构可知，空格处是这句话的谓语动词，这句话描述的过去的事情，所以谓语用一般过去时。故填rejected。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1941年，林巧稚成为中国有史以来第一位被任命为普通科医院妇产科主任的妇女。分析句子结构可知，空格前有序数词the first修饰，所以后面用动词不定式做后置定语，动词appint和被修饰的词Chinese wman是逻辑上的被动关系，所以用动词不定式的被动结构。故填t be appinted。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，尽管有这些重要的职位，她更感兴趣的是照顾病人，发表关于妇女和儿童护理的医学研究，以及培训下一代医生。分析句子结构可知，tending patients, ____9____ (publish) medical research n care fr wmen and children, and training the next generatin f dctrs是并列的关系，做介词in的宾语，所以用动名词形式。故填publishing。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：林巧稚虽未结婚，却被誉为“万婴之母”，一生接生过五万多个婴儿。be knwn as是固定短语，表示“作为…而有名”的意思。故填as。
第四部分 写作(满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
46. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）， 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Prtect traditinal Chinese culture plays a very imprtant rle in the diversity and inheritance f Chinese culture.
We are delighted t find that traditinal crafts like paper cutting has been prtected and inherited, r else we wuld lse such great treasure sn. It is the same valuable Chinese teachings like Cnfucianism.
As far as I was cncerned, sme measures shuld be taken t effective prtect traditinal Chinese culture. T start with, we must aruse peple’s aware f cultural prtectin, fr the mre imprtance we attach, the less supprt we can get frm the public. Hwever, schls shuld pay a mre attentin t cultural educatin s that students are fully aware f the significance f cultural prtectin.
In a wrd, it is high time fr urselves t treasure and develp ur wn valuable culture.
【答案】1. Prtect→Prtecting
2.has→have
3.same后添加with
4was→am
5.effective→effectively
6.aware→awareness
7.less→mre
8.Hwever→Besides
9.去掉a
10.urselves→us
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章中强调了保护中国传统文化对中国文化的多样性和传承起着非常重要的作用，同时还提出了一些保护中国传统文化的措施。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，prtect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且句子缺少主语，故应用动名词短语作主语。故 Prtect改为Prtecting。
2.考查主谓一致。此处主语为“traditinal crafts”，时态为一般现在时，故谓语动词应用动词原形。故has改为have。
3.考查介词。句意：这和中国有价值的教义如儒家思想是相同的。结合句意表示“与……相同”可知短语为It is the same with…。故same后添加with。
4.考查固定短语。句意：在我看来，应该采取一些措施来有效地保护中国传统文化。结合句意表示“在我看来”可知短语为as far as I am cncerned。故was改为am。
5.考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词prtect应用副词effectively，作状语。故effective改为effectively。
6.考查名词。根据上文名词所有格peple’s，可知此处应用名词awareness，作宾语，且表示抽象概念不可数。故aware改为awareness。
7.考查比较级。句意：首先，我们必须唤起人们保护文化的意识，因为我们越是重视，我们从公众那里得到的支持就越多。此处为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越多”应用比较级mre。故less改为mre。
8.考查副词。句意：此外，学校应该更加重视文化教育，让学生充分认识到文化保护的重要性。此处表示“此外”应用副词besides，hwever表示“然而”，表转折。故Hwever改为Besides。
9.考查名词。句意同上。结合句意表示“更加重视”可知短语为pay mre attentin t，中间没有冠词。故去掉a。
10.考查代词。句意：总之，是时候让我们珍惜和发展我们自己有价值的文化了。此处作介词fr的宾语，指“我们”应用人称代词宾格us。故urselves改为us。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
47. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰交换生朋友Julia自到中国以来，因饮食不健康、缺乏锻炼等原因导致了一系列的健康问题，所以写信向你求助。请你用英语给她回封邮件，要点如下：
1. 帮她分析问题原因;
2. 替她找到解决方法。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Julia,
Knwing that yu are suffering frm a series f health prblems, I’m terribly srry but I believe yu needn’t wrry t much since it’s nt difficult t find ut the reasns and yu’re bund t deal with them.
As yu have mentined in yur email, yu have been crazy abut Chinese fd since yu came t China. Actually, Chinese fd is widely believed t be amng the healthiest in the wrld. The prblem is that yu have been eating t much fried fd and sweat snacks. S yu shuld learn t be a smart eater. Meanwhile, yu have been exercising t little. Lts f utdr activities are arranged in ur schl each week and I hpe yu’ll take an active part in them.
It is high time yu changed yur lifestyle. Hpefully yu can live happily and healthily in China.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给新西兰交换生朋友Julia写信帮助她分析一系列的健康问题产生的原因并提出解决方法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
了解：knw→ learn
解决：deal with → d with
高兴地：happily→ gladly
应该：shuld→ ught t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knwing that yu are suffering frm a series f health prblems, I’m terribly srry but I believe yu needn’t wrry t much since it’s nt difficult t find ut the reasns and yu’re bund t deal with them.
拓展句：Because I knw that yu are suffering frm a series f health prblems, I’m terribly srry but I believe yu needn’t wrry t much since it’s nt difficult t find ut the reasns and yu’re bund t deal with them.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The prblem is that yu have been eating t much fried fd and sweat snacks.（运用了that引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】As yu have mentined in yur email, yu have been crazy abut Chinese fd since yu came t China.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
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