高中英语2024届高考真题派生合成词词义辨析（共四大类108例）

这是一份高中英语2024届高考真题派生合成词词义辨析（共四大类108例），共8页。试卷主要包含了词缀派生类，合成名词类，合成动词类，合成形容词类等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.[2023·全国甲卷] Our hpe is t have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass thrugh withut learning bad habits.
2.[2023·新高考I卷] If fr whatever reasns, peple’s errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
3.[2023·全国甲卷] Their recvery has been s successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t de-list grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted.
4.[2020·新高考I卷] Fllw all rules carefully t prevent disqualificatin.
5.[2020·全国I卷] Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs?
6.[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷] Yet，by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皱) paper.
7.[2022·天津6月卷] In the fictinal wrlds f film and TV artificial intelligence(AI) has been described as s advanced that it is indistinguishable frm humans.
8.[2021·全国乙卷] The differences between mst f the grups were statistically insignificant; hwever, the participants in the 70 decibels utperfrmed the ther grups.
9.[2021·天津 3月卷] We begin t see the intercnnectedness f ne thing t anther in all aspects f ur life, f urselves and the universe.
10.[2019·北京卷] This task interdependence distinguishes baseball frm ftball basketball.
11.[2022·新高考1卷] find tday is the prduct f a cmplex interplays f things like bilgical change and cultural evlutin...
12.[2021·北京卷] The clck registers bth shrt-term irregularities and lng trends in river dynamics.
13.[2021·浙江6月卷] It desn’t impress like Gerge Washingtn's plantatin, but Lincln's hme in dwntwn Springheld, Illinis, has prved irresistible t visitrs since it pened t the public.
14.[2022·浙江6月卷] In New Yrk, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance t wrk with a diverse ppulatin.
15.[2020·全国Ⅲ卷] Fur years ag they all mved int a three-strey Victrian huse in Bristl-ne f a grwing number f multigeneratinal families in the UK living tgether under the same rf.
16.[2021·浙江1月卷] Mrever, the meanings seem t nt g beynd what ther animals cnvey with nn-verbal cmmunicatin.
17.[2020·全国Ⅲ卷] In sme cases, it’s nt s much the treatment f the animals n set in the studi that has activists wrried it’s the ff-set training and living cnditins that are raising cncerns.
18.[2020·北京卷] Since the early days f AI imaginatin has utpaced what is pssible r even prbable.
19.[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷] Participatin in a pst-visit survey is required.
20.[2022·全国乙卷] Last admissin t the exhibitin:17.15. There is n re-admissin.
21.[2020·天津卷] This new start gave me an pprtunity t redefine myself and discver an entirely new versin f " cl".
22.[2022·浙江1月卷] Fr nearly a decade nw, Merebeth has been a self-emplyed pet transprt specialist.
23.[2020·全国I卷] The technlgy, Stran said, culd ne day be used t light the rms r even t turn trees int self-pwered street lamps.
24.[2020·北京卷] In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Gd predicted the eventual creatin f an "ultra-intelligent can far surpass all the intellectual(智力的) activities f any man, hwever clever."
25.[2021·全国甲卷] When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club-wmen, r peple f a different clr r belief they were unacknwleged and rejected by thers.
26.[2018·北京卷] Fr many, finding an unattended wallet filled with $400 in cash wuld be a surce (来源) f temptatin(诱惑).
27.[2018·浙江卷] Tday Dickens greatness is unchallenged.
28.[2021·全国乙卷] Ecturism is cmmnly regarded as lw impact (影响) travel t undisturbed places.
29.[2022·新高考I卷] We waste fd unintentinally at times.
30.[2022·全国乙卷] T strengthen the cnnectin with yung peple... inviting twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
31.[2022新高考I卷] The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity t increase effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
32.[2022·新高考I卷] Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
33.[2021北京卷] Recently, I cnceptualized a new apprach t timekeeping that's cnnected t circumstances n ur planet...
34.[2022·浙江6月卷] High cnscientiusness is related t lw jb perfrmance...
35.[2021·新高考I卷] The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
36.[2021·新高考I卷] Ppularizatin has in sme cases changed the riginal meaning f emtinal (情感的) intelligence.
【辨析词义】
1.attract 吸引+-ant +-free 没有……的 →attractant-free adj. 没有引诱物的
2.cr- 和……一道/一起+related 有联系的 一 crrelated adj.相互关联的(cr-同cm, m在 r音前同化为r)
3.de- 除掉，去掉+list 名单,清单→de-list vt.把……从名单中划去
4.dis- 不，非，相反+qualify 使取得资格 +-tin→ disqualificatin n.取消资格
5.em- 疏子，使处于某种状态+pwer 能量→empwer.给予……的权力
6.im- 不，非+ perfect完美的 +-in imperfectin n.不完美
7.in- 不，非+distinguishable可辨认的indistinguishable adj. 不可辨认的
8.①in- 不，非+significant 重要的→insignificant adj.微不足道的
②ut- 超过+perfrm 做，表现→utperfrm v.做得比……好,胜过
9.inter- 相互+cnnect联系+-ed+-ness→ intercnnectedness n.互联性
10.inter- 相互+depend依赖，依靠+-ence→ interdependence n.相互依赖
11.inter- 在……之间+play作用,影响→interplay n.相互影响
12.ir- 不，非+regular有规律的+-ity→ irregularity n.无规律的事物
13.ir- 不，非+resistible 可抗拒的→irresistible adj. 无法抗拒的
14.multi- 多个+culture 文化+-al→ multicultural adj.多元文化的
15.multi- 多个+generatin一代人+-al→ multigeneratinal adj.多代的
16.nn- 无，没有+verbal 言语的→nn-verbal adj.非语言的
17.ff- 不在……上，离开+set舞台,摄影场→ff-set adj.在拍摄场外的
18.ut- 超越,超过+pace 速度→utpace v.(在速度上)超过，比……快
19.pst- 后，以后+visit 访问→pst-visit adj.访问后的
20.re- 再，回+admissin 进入→re-admissin n.允许再次进入
21.re- 再，又，重新+define 定义→redefine v.重新定义
22.self- 自身的，对自身+emply 雇用 +-ed→self-emplyed adj.个体经营的，单干的
23.self- 自己+pwer 驱动 +-ed→self-pwered adj.自供电的
24.ultra- 极，超过某限度+intelligent 智能的→ultra-intelligent adj.超智能的
25.un- 非,不+acknwledge 认可，承认+-ed unacknwledged adj.不被承认的
26.un- 非，不+attend照料+-ed→unattended adj.主人不在场的，无人看管的
27.un- 非，不+ challenge质疑+-ed→unchallenged adj.不被质疑的
28.un- 非，不+disturb 干扰+-ed→undisturbed adj.未被打搅的
29.un- 非，不+intentinally 故意地→unintentinally adv.无意地
30.un- 非，不+interrupt 打断+-ed→uninterrupted adj.不间断的
31.①un- 未，不+prtect 保护+-ed→unprtected adj.未受保护的
②in- 不，非+cnsistency一致性→ incnsistency n.不一致
32.un- 非，不+thinking 思想的，有思考力的 + -ly unthinkingly adv.考虑不周地
33.cncept 概念 + -ual+ -ize→ cnceptualize v.将……概念化
34.cnscientius 勤勉认真的 + -ness cnscientiusness n.勤勉认真
35.①functin 功能+ -al+ -ity→ functinality n. 功能性
②adapt 适应+ -ive+ -ly→ adaptively adv.适应地
36.ppular 普遍的，流行的+ -ize+ -atin一ppularizatin n.推广，普及
二、合成名词类
1.[2023·新高考Ⅱ卷] These small studies prvide inspiratin and may be a springbard fr mre cmplex wrks in the future.
2.[2022·新高考I卷] These sunds are still nt fund in the languages f many hunter-gatherer peple tday.
3.[2022·全国甲卷] Gffin's cckats, a kind f small parrt native t Australasia, have been shwn t have similar shape-recgnitin abilities t a human tw-year-ld.
4.[2022·全国甲卷] Where trial-and-errr was used, the cckats did better than mnkeys in similar tests.
5.[2022·浙江1月卷] The dwnturn hit the real estate(房地产)firm where she had wrked fr ten years as an ffice manager.
6.[2022·浙江6月卷] The yung banker wh eats lunch at his desk is prbably seen as a g-getter...
7.[2022·北京卷] He was treated fr frstbite n his hands.
8.[2021·天津3月卷] The drawback t being specialists is we ften cme t knw mre and mre abut less and less.
9.[2020·全国III春] Frm my standpint, it all seems t wrk very well.
10.[2020·浙江卷] Fr all f Bellevue's success, adaptive signals are nt a cure-all fr jammed radways.
11.[2018·全国I卷] Everybdy can buy takeaway fd but smetimes we’re nt aware hw cheaply we can make this fd urselves.
12.[2018·全国I卷] In recent centuries, trade, industrialisatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin...
【辨析词义】
1.spring(跳)+bard(板)→springbard 跳板，基础
2.hunter(狩猎者)+gatherer(采集者) →hunter- gatherer 狩猎采集者
3.shape(形状)+recgnitin(识别)→shape- recgnitin 形状识别
4.trial(试验)+and+errr(错误)→trial-and- errr反复试验，不断摸索
5.dwn(向下)+turn(转变)→dwnturn 下降，衰退
6.g(去)+get(获得)+er→g-getter积极进取的人,实干家
7.frst(严寒天气)+bite(咬)→frstbite冻伤，冻疮
8.draw(拉)+back(向后)→扯后腿的事物→ drawback 缺点，不利条件
9.stand(站)+pint(地点)→standpint 立场，观点
10.cure(治愈)+all(一切)→cure-all 万灵药, 灵丹妙药
11.take(带走)+away(离开)→takeaway 外卖食品，外卖餐馆
12.natin(民族)+state(国家)→ natin-stale单一民族的独立国家合成词
三、合成动词类
1.[2023·全国乙卷] The Chinese cach transfrmed Duglas int ne f the best gymnasts in the wrld, helping her skyrcket frm an average member f the natinal team t the tp f the sprt.
2.[2022·全国甲卷] As Ginni Bazlintn reached Antarctica, she fund herself greeted by a grup f little Gent penguins(企鹅)lnging t say hell. These gentle, lvely gatekeepers welcmed her and kick-started what was t be a trip Ginni wuld never frget.
3.[2021·全国甲卷] It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part f the blame fr getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmnt Empress Htel in Victria, Canada.
4.[2021·北京卷] One's ptential cannt always be underrated.
5[2021·北京卷] Anyne wh cnsiders river time in relatin t atmic time will encunter a majr imbalance and may be mtivated t cunteract it by cnsuming less fuel r supprting greener plicies.
6.[2020全国Ⅱ卷] Unusual fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn have shwcased nutria fur made int clthes in different styles.
7.[2019-全国I卷] The likables’ plays-well-with-thers qualities strengthen schlyard friendships, jump-start interpersnal skills and...
8.[2019·全国Ⅱ卷] When we gt a call saying she was shrt-listed, we thught it was a jke.
【辨析词义】
1.sky(天空)+rcket(火箭)→skyrcket 急升，猛升
2.kick(踢)+start(开始)→用脚时启动 kick-start 促使……开始，使(项目)尽快启动
3.black(黑色的)+list(名单)→blacklist 黑名单，此处作动词，表示"把……列入黑名单"
4.under- (不足，未)+ rate(评价，评估)→underrate 低估
5.cunter- (反对，对立)+ act(行为) → cunteract 抵制，抵消
6.shw(展示)+case(事实)→ shwcase 展示
7.jump(跳) + start(开始)→ jump-start 全力启动，加快开展
8.shrt(简短的) + list(名单)→ shrt-list入围名单，此处作动词，表示"把……列入人围名单"
四、合成形容词类
1.[2023·全国甲卷] It tk weeks and it was backbreaking wrk, but I knw he was prud f my skills.
2.[2022·新高考I卷] A grund-breaking, five-year study shws that diet-related changes in human bite led t new speech sunds that are nw fund in half the wrld's languages.
3.[2022·全国甲卷] It's jaw-drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away...
4.[2022新高考II卷] The technlgy culd determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed r dne anything else that is nt allwed under New Yrk’s hands-free driving laws.
5.[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷] The secnd grup did high-intensity aerbic exercise under the guidance f a trainer fr fur r mre days a week.
6.[2022·全国乙卷] A hair-raising sectin cncerns the building f the railrads, which entailed(牵涉) drilling thrugh the Rckies ften in blinding snwstrms.
7.[2022全国乙卷] Drnes are already being used t examine high-tensin electrical lines.
8.[2022·全国乙卷] Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and mst alchlic drinks are free f the tax...
9.[2022全国乙卷] It is a shrt-sighted decisin.
10.[2022·全国甲卷] A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked(徒步)40 days t Xi’an, as a first step t jurney the Belt and Rad rute(路线) by ft.
11.[2022·浙江1月卷] I've always been independent-spirited and 1 just feel strngly that I must help animals.
12.[2022·浙江1月卷] She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
13.[2022·浙江6月卷] Subjects wh practiced the language mderately befrehand made few errrs than thse wh practiced extensively r nt at all.
14.[2022·浙江6月卷] Markman als prmtes ff-task time.
15.[2022·天津6月卷] Older Western philsphers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact...
16.[2022·北京卷] Peer(同伴) Assisted Study Sessins (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning prgram available t students enrlled(注册) in mst cre units f study in ur business schl.
17.[2021全国乙卷] He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts.
18.[2021·新高考1卷] It's ne f the best-rated hstels in the city, and fr gd reasn.
19.[2021·新高考1卷] Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage.
20.[2021·新高考1卷] Research has shwn that emtinal skills may cntribute t sme f these qualities, but mst f them mve far beynd skill-based emtinal intelligence.
21.[2021·新高考I卷] What is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
22.[2021·浙江6月卷] Seeking ther like-minded suls, hwever, Paul started lking in a smewhat unlikely place: nline.
23.[2021·浙江6月卷] Any small interruptin--a price check, a chatty custmer—can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.
24.[2021·北京卷] Of curse, if yu are a nn-human species, cllapse is well underway.
25.[2021·天津3 月卷] Knwing a little abut a lt f things that interest yu can add t the richness f a whle, well-lived life.
26.[2020全国I卷] In the future, the team hpes t develp a versin f the technlgy that can be sprayed nt plant leaves in a ne-ff treatment that wuld last the plant's lifetime.
27.[2020·全国I卷] Mdel Paige Mrgan says, "T give peple a guilt-free ptin that they can wear withut smene thrwing paint n them..."
28.[2020·全国Il卷] In this case, ne f a realistie-lking ape.
29.[2020·全国II卷] A grup f sea-dwelling peple in Sutheast Asia have evlved int better divers.
30.[2020·新高考I卷] Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes.
31.[2020北京卷] At the cre f Lancm is a wrld-class effective methd that enhances language learning with advanced technlgy.
32.[2020·北京卷] In 2015, scientists discvered that a 10th-century English medicine fr eye prblems culd kill a drug-resistant virus.
33.[2020·天津卷] A full-length pse wuld be much t big a prject fr a yung wman yur size.
34.[2019·全国I卷] The researchers say that the keybard shuld be pretty straightfrward t cmmercialize and is mstly made f inexpensive plastic-like parts.
35.[2019·全国I卷] Ppularity is a well-explred subject in scial psychlgy.
36.[2019·全国Ⅲ卷] Hwever, within a few years, street sales f newspapers wuld be cmmnplace in eastern cities.
37.2019·全国Ⅲ卷] Participate in discussin frums(论坛),blgs and ther pen-ended frums fr dialgue.
38.[2019·浙江卷] Which f the fllwing is well-intentined but may be bad fr big trees?
39.[2019·天津卷] T many peple, technlgy means cmputers, hand-held devices, r vehicles that travel t distant planets.
40.[2019·天津卷] fund almst 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blwing nisemakers and singing a full-thrated happy birthday t him.
41.[2018·全国I卷] They fund that mre n-demand entertainment viewing n tablets instead f TVs and desktp cmputers culd cut energy cnsumptin by 44%.
42.[2018·全国Ⅱ卷] the gvernment started a sil-testing prgram that gives specific fertilizer recmmendatins t farmers...
43.[2018·天津卷] Currently, mst ingredients must be changed t a paste(糊状物) befre a printer can use them, and the printing prcess is quite time-cnsuming because ingredients interact with each ther in very cmplex ways.
【辨析词义】
1.①back(背部) + break(使折断)+ -ing→ backbreaking 非常繁重的，吃力的
2.①grund(地) + break(打破)+ -ing→打破地面的→grund-breaking 开辟新天地的,开拓性的
②diet(日常饮食) + related(相关的)→diet- related 日常饮食相关的
3.jaw(下巴) + drp(使掉下) + -ing→使下巴掉下的→jaw-drpping 令人大惊失色的
4.hand(手) + free(自由的)→不需要用手拿的→hands-free 不需用手操作的
5.high(高的) + intensity(强度) →high-intensity高强度的
6.hair(毛发) + raise(使直立)+ -ing→hair- raising使人毛骨悚然的，惊险的
7.high(高的) + tensin(电压)→high-tensin高压的
8.milk(奶) + -based(以……为重要部分的)→ milk-based 以奶为重要部分的
9.shrt(短的) + -sighted(有……视力的)→ shrt-sighted目光短浅的,无远见的
10.visually(视觉地) + challenged(伤残的) → visually-challenged 视觉有缺陷的
11.independent(独立的) + -spirited(有某种精神的) →independent-spirited 精神独立的12.tax(税) + -free(没有……的) →tax-free 免税的
13.befre(在……之前) + hand(手)→befrehand 预先，事先
14.ff(不在……上，离开) + task(任务) → ff-task非任务的
15.main(主要的) + stream(溪流)→ mainstream主流的
16.peer(同伴) + facilitate(促进)+-ed→peer-facilitated 同伴促进的
17.single(单个的) + use(使用)→ single-use 供一次使用的
18.best(最好) + rate(评价，评估 )+ -ed→best- rated 评价最高的
19.up(向上)+ and + cming(即将到来) → 向上的状态即将到来 → up-and-cming 有前途的
20.skill(技能) + -based(以……为基础的) → skill-based 基于技能的
21.breath(呼吸) + take(带走)+ -ing→breathtaking 激动人心的，令人赞叹的
22.like(相似的) + -minded(思维……的)→ like-minded 想法相同的，志趣相投的
23.dwn(向下) + stream(小河，溪)→顺着河流向下的→dwnstream 引发的，导致的
24.under(在……过程中) + way(路线，道路)→underway 已经开始，进行
25.well(好地) + live(生活，过日子)→ well-lived 美好的
26.ne(一) + ff(不会再发生)→ neff 一次性的
27.guilt(内疚，罪责) + -free(没有……的)→ guilt-free 没有负罪感的
28.realistic(逼真的，栩栩如生的) + lking(相貌)→realistic-lking 相貌逼真的
29.sea(海) + dwell(居住) + -ing→sea-dwelling在海上居住的
30.well(非常) + runded(全面的)→well-runded 全面的
31.wrld(世界) + class(等级，级别)→wrld-class 世界级的，世界一流的
32.drug(药) + -resistant(耐……的)→drug-resistant 耐药的
33.full(最大量的) + -length(有……长度的)→full-length 全身的
34.straight(直接地) + frward(向前)→直接向前，没有曲折→straightfrward 简单的
35.well(充分地) + explre(调查研究,探究) + -ed→well-explred 充分研究的
36.cmmn(普遍的)+place(地方)→cmmnplace 普遍的
37.pen(开放的)+end(终点)+-ed→pen-ended 无限制的,自由的
38.well(好)+ -intentined(……意图的)→well-intentined 出于好心的,善意的
39.hand(手) + hld(拿，握)→hand-held 手提式的,便携式的
40.full(最大量的) + -thrated(喉部……的)→full-thrated 声音洪亮的
41.n(根据，按照) + demand(需要)→n-demand按需的，点播的
42.sil(土壤) + test(检测)+ -ing→sil-resting检测土壤的
43.time(时间) + cnsume(消耗)+ -ing→ time-cnsuming 耗时间的，费时的