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“兴酣落笔摇五岳，意气风发凌九霄”
2022—2023学年上学期高一年级
期中英语学科试卷
考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体.工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不得折叠，不要弄破、乔皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第Ⅰ卷选 择题部分(满分85分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对语后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
等案是C。
1. What does the man usually do on weekends?
A. Go hiking B. Do the cleaning. C. Rest at home.
2. Why does George look tired?
A. He had a long flight
B. He walked on the beach.
C. He didn’t sleep well in the hotel.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a restaurant B. In an office. C. In a station
4. What does the woman mean?
A. She will cancel the party.
B. There is plenty of food at the party.
C. The man should’ve invited his workmates.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A race. B. Healthy diet C. The man’s brother.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对活或独白。每段对话或独自后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，问香第6、7题。
6. When will the man probably visit the shop?
A. This afternoon.
B. Tomorrow morning.
C. Tomorrow afternoon.
7. What is the woman’s problem?
A. She has a busy schedule
B. She lost a telephone number.
C. She needs to use the copy machine now.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What docs the man ask the woman to do?
A. Place an order
B. Recommend a product.
C. Reduce a price
9. What will the man do with a video camera?
A. Record his travels. B. Use it for a class. C. Send it as a gift.
10. What does the woman say about the Sepler 83?
A. It is highly praised. B. It is a new model. C. It is easy to use.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is making the woman late for the dinner?
A. The car trouble. B. The heavy traffic. C. The long meeting.
12. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. Give her ride.
B. Meet her at a bus stop.
C. Call a customer.
13. Where could the man most probably be?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a museum C. In a park.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Where does the man live?
A. Beside a supermarket. B. Near a cake shop. C. Across from a school.
15. How does the woman get to work?
A. On foot. B. By bus C. by car
16. What will the woman do tomorrow?
A. Move house. B. Go shopping. C. Collect the man,
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is on special offer?
A. Family tickets. B. Teenagers’ tickets. C. Children’s tickets.
18. When will the special offer end?
A. On June 21 B. On Jane 25. C. On June 30.
19 What do we know about the newest sides?
A. They are less exciting.
B. They are popular with kids.
C. They are the biggest in the state
20. What does the speaker suggest people do in the end?
A. Book tickets soon
B. Protect themselves from the sun.
C. Visit the website for more information.
弟二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Done with Dragon’s Back and tired of the Twin Peaks? Check out these lesser-known hikes in Hong Kong with rewarding views and fewer crowds on for size.
Tai Po Kau Forest Walk
Best for: Families
Tai Po Kau Forest Walk is located inside the Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve, a popular destination for nature lovers. It features different colour-coded trails (小径) which allow you to control the duration of your hike. This nature reserve is also home to various wildlife, so if you’re lucky, you might be able to see some resident owls or even fireflies. Another benefit is that Tai Po Kau has a thick forest which provides plenty of shade for the entire duration of the hike.
Distance: 3-10 km
Duration: 45 mins-3.5 hours
Difficulty: 2.5 out of 5
Little Hawaii
Best for: A waterfall hike
Known as the easiest waterfall hike in Hong Kong, Little Hawaii was once the water reservoir (水库) for factory in the 1900s. Now, it’s the perfect spot for a leisure walk. Altogether, there are 3 waterfall spots. As the highlight of the hike, you can go upstream to view the waterfall from a different angle.
Distance: 2.5 km
Duration: 1 hour
Difficulty: 1 out of 5
Wo Yeung Shan
Best for: Advanced hikers
As the fifth highest peak in Hong Kong, Wo Yeung Shan offers breathtaking views of the city. Those well-trained hikers who are up for challenge can even climb up the Wo Yeung Rocks for photos. You nay end the hike at Shing Mun Reservoir, where minibuses and taxis are available to return to the city.
Distance: 9.5 km
Duration: 4.5 hours
Difficulty: 3.5 out of 5
Lai Chi Wo
Best for: Heritage and wildlife
Explore the northeast comer of the New Territories through the old Hakka village of Lai Chi Wo and the Double Haven Geo Area. Along the well-paved trail, you will also be impressed by hundreds of species of wildlife here. Don’t miss the chance to check out the wetlands and fishponds around Double Haven too.
Distance: 16 km
Duration: 4.5 hours
Difficulty: 2.5 out of 5
1. What do Tai Po Kau Forest Walk and Lai Chi Wo have in common?
A. They both feature various wildlife.
B. They are both with a water reservoir.
C. They are both friendly to beginner hikers.
D. They both provide free return minibuses and taxis.
2. What is special about Little Hawaii?
A. It is well known as the highest peak in Hong Kong.
B. Its forest can shelter the hikers from direct sunshine.
C. It’s a perfect place to get to know some old villages.
D. It offers a good view of the waterfall if hikers go upstream.
3. Which hike might be your choice if you are an experienced hiker ready for challenge?
A. Tao Po Kau forest Walk. B. Wo Yeung Shan.
C. Little Hawaii. D. Lai Chi Wo.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几处香港鲜为人知的徒步旅行地点。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Tai Po Kau Forest Walk部分的“This nature reserve is also home to various wildlife, so if you’re lucky, you might be able to see some resident owls or even fireflies. (这个自然保护区也是各种野生动物的家园，所以如果你幸运的话，你可能会看到一些猫头鹰甚至萤火虫)”及Lai Chi Wo部分的“Along the well-paved trail, you will also be impressed by hundreds of species of wildlife here. (沿着铺得很好的小道，你还会对这里的数百种野生动物印象深刻)”可知，Tai Po Kau Forest Walk和Lai Chi Wo的共同点是它们都以各种野生动物为特色。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Little Hawaii部分的“As the highlight of the hike, you can go upstream to view the waterfall from a different angle. (作为远足的亮点，你可以从不同的角度逆流而上观赏瀑布)”可知，Little Hawaii的特别之处是如果徒步旅行者逆流而上，它可以很好地看到瀑布。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wo Yeung Shan部分“As the fifth highest peak in Hong Kong, Wo Yeung Shan offers breathtaking views of the city. Those well-trained hikers who are up for challenge can even climb up the Wo Yeung Rocks for photos. (作为香港的第五高峰，Wo Yeung Shan提供了令人叹为观止的城市景观。那些训练有素、勇于挑战的徒步旅行者甚至可以爬上Wo Yeung Rocks拍照)”可知，如果你是一位准备迎接挑战的经验丰富的徒步旅行者，你会选择Wo Yeung Shan。故选B项。
B
Ma Long has had a good student image since childhood Ma, born in Anshan, Liaoning, the “hone of table tennis”, was sent by his father to practice table tennis when he was 5 years old, and he went to Shenyang at the age of 11. At 15, Ma Long joined the national team. Although he was the least talkative boy of the players, his perseverance (坚持不懈) was as great as his overall strength in table tennis. In 2006, at 18, Ma Long, together with his teammates, won a team world championship.
Behind early fame of the genius is Ma Long’s almost paranoid (偏执的) strictness towards himself. His daily routine throughout four seasons was a two—point line between the dormitory and the training hall, and he was the first to arrive and the last to leave on a daily basis. He had been doing so for ten years, monotonously and repetitively. His coach Liu Guoliang once said, “I went to the table tennis hall on a Sunday morning for an unannounced inspection to see how many players were training on Sunday. Only one person in the men’s first team was there… A genius is not your fear, but your fear is that a genius works harder than you do.” Such a genius is Ma Long.
However, after joining the team for nearly a decade, he suffered various types of failure, and thus was questioned by everyone. At that time, Zhang Jike, another top player, returned to the national team. From then on, Zhang was so invincible that he achieved the personal Grand Slam (大满贯) within only 445 days, which was done in the shortest time in record. Seeing Zhang’s achievements, Ma Long, at the lowest point, had the idea of retiring. But he was unwilling to just “disappear”.
Then came the Suzhou 2015 World Championship, Ma Long crowned his career, winning the singles champion, and it had been ten years since he won a world championship last time. This title seemed to give him new prospect and all of his efforts paid off.
4. What can we know about Ma Long in Paragraph 1?
A. He was an outgoing and sociable person.
B. He won the first world singles championship at 18.
C. He started to practice at S in the absence of his parents.
D. He stood out for his determination and professional skills.
5. What can we infer about Ma Long according to Liu Guoliang?
A. Years of training witnessed his loneliness.
B. He was worn—out and under inspection every day.
C. Hardship and fears swallowed him without mercy.
D. The road to fame was never smooth but rather tough.
6. What does the underlined word “invincible” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Approachable B. Matchless. C. Selfless. D. Unbearable.
7. What is the suitable title for the text?
A. Ma Long: Pain Is Worthy of a Champion
B. Ma Long: Victory Deserves Focus of Attention
C. Ma Long: Glory Is Bound to Fade Away
D. Ma Long: Chance Favors the Intelligent
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍的是马龙的成名之路以及他为此付出的努力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Although he was the least talkative boy of the players, his perseverance (坚持不懈) was as great as his overall strength in table tennis.(虽然他是运动员中最不爱说话的，但他的毅力和他在乒乓球比赛中的整体实力一样强大。)”可知，在第一段中我们能了解到马龙以他的决心和专业技能脱颖而出，故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Behind early fame of the genius is Ma Long’s almost paranoid (偏执的) strictness towards himself. His daily routine throughout four seasons was a two—point line between the dormitory and the training hall, and he was the first to arrive and the last to leave on a daily basis.(这位天才早年成名的背后，是马龙对自己近乎偏执的严格。在过去的四个赛季里，他的日常生活就是在宿舍和训练馆之间划出一条两点线，他每天第一个到，最后一个离开。)”和“A genius is not your fear, but your fear is that a genius works harder than you do.(天才不是你害怕的，你害怕的是天才比你更努力。)”可知，根据刘国梁的说法，马龙的成名之路从来不是平坦的，而是艰难的。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“he achieved the personal Grand Slam (大满贯) within only 445 days, which was done in the shortest time in record(他只用了445天就完成了个人大满贯，这是历史上最短的时间)”可知，张继科很无敌，因此invincible意为“无敌的”，和matchless意思相近，故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的“Then came the Suzhou 2015 World Championship, Ma Long crowned his career, winning the singles champion, and it had been ten years since he won a world championship last time. This title seemed to give him new prospect and all of his efforts paid off.(然后是2015年苏州世锦赛，马龙加冕了自己的职业生涯，获得单打冠军，距离他上一次获得世界冠军已经有十年了。这个头衔似乎给了他新的前景，他所有的努力都得到了回报。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是马龙的成名之路以及他为此付出的努力，因此最好的题目是A选项“Ma Long: Pain Is Worthy of a Champion(马龙：痛苦配得上冠军)”，故选A。
C
Video conferencing has been around for more than 20 years. Until the Covid-19 pandemic, though, you would find that many people needing to attend a meeting remotely would be calling from a real conference room full of their teammates. Today, we’re routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual (虚拟). And this is creating a problem that technology can’t fix.
The problem is us, specifically the fact that we haven’t evolved (进化) socially to the point where we can bear much separation. So much of our well-being and work productivity is decided on how close we are physically. The removal of that for any period of time can be severely damaging. One aspect surprisingly affected by social distancing is laughter.
Normally people laugh about 18 times per day. And 97% of that time we’re laughing with others—we are 30 times more likely to laugh with others than to laugh alone. Think about it; how often does it happen—when you and your friends laugh at something, is that something actually funny? Research shows that 80% of what people laugh at is really not that funny.
So why do people laugh? They laugh in order to laugh with others. Just as everyone starts yawning (打哈欠) when just one person yawns, most people can’t help but laugh when those around them do. This is why TV comedy shows often use prerecorded laugh tracks (音轨).
Laughing in response to other people’s laughing is not just a behavioral phenomenon. When we laugh, our body produces two key chemicals: endorphin which helps relieve pain and sets off feelings of pleasure, and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work.
In today’s home-alone, virtual-team world, this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing: for your team members to stay healthy and productive, you need to get them to laugh more and stress less.
8. Why is video conferencing mentioned at the beginning?
A. To show a fact. B. To entertain readers.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To summarize the passage.
9. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Laughing starts with yawning in groups.
B. Laughing comes more easily in groups.
C. Laugh tracks are popular in comedy shows.
D. Laughing is uncontrollable in conferences.
10. What can we learn from Paragraph 5?
A. Laughing with others is out of politeness.
B. Laughing is the only way to reduce pain.
C. Laughing improves physical and mental health.
D. Laughing leads to a higher position in the workplace.
11. What would the author most probably discuss next?
A. Specific steps to produce laughter in a team.
B. Other factors that may influence a team’s health.
C. Ways to tell the real world from the virtual world.
D. The importance of maintaining work productivity.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了人们为什么笑以及笑对于我们身心健康的重要性。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Today, we’re routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual (虚拟). And this is creating a problem that technology can’t fix. (今天，我们经常性地举行100%虚拟的视频会议，这就产生了一个技术无法解决的问题。)”以及第二段的“So much of our well-being and work productivity is decided on how close we are physically. The removal of that for any period of time can be severely damaging. One aspect surprisingly affected by social distancing is laughter. (我们的幸福感和工作效率很大程度上取决于我们的身体距离有多近。任何一段时间的近距离身体接触的缺失都有可能具有严重的破坏性。令人惊讶的是，受社交距离影响的一个方面是笑声。)”可知此处提到的视频会议是为了引出笑这个话题。故选C项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段的“So why do people laugh? They laugh in order to laugh with others. Just as everyone starts yawning (打哈欠) when just one person yawns, most people can’t help but laugh when those around them do. (那么人们为什么会笑呢?他们笑是为了和别人一起笑。就像当一个人打哈欠时，每个人都开始打哈欠，当周围的人笑时，大多数人都会忍不住笑。)”以及“why TV comedy shows often use prerecorded laugh tracks.(为什么电视喜剧节目经常使用预先录制好的笑声。)”可知，此处是在说笑和打呵欠一样具有传染力，即当周围的人笑时，大多数人都会忍不住笑，由此可知此处的This指代的是在群体中更容易笑这个事实。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段的“When we laugh, our body produces two key chemicals: endorphin which helps relieve pain and sets off feelings of pleasure, and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work. (当我们笑的时候，我们的身体会产生两种关键的化学物质：内啡肽，它有助于缓解疼痛和激发愉悦感；多巴胺，它可以提高学习、动机和注意力。事实上，研究表明：人们只需提前几分钟大笑，就能承受15%以上的疼痛。笑还能提高工作积极性和工作效率。)”可知笑可以让我们减缓疼痛激发愉悦感，提高工作效率，所以可以推出笑能够增进我们的身心健康。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“In today’s home-alone, virtual-team world, this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing: for your team members to stay healthy and productive, you need to get them to laugh more and stress less. (在今天这个独居的虚拟团队世界中，这正是你作为团队领导者应该做的：为了让你的团队成员保持健康和高效，你需要让他们多笑，减少压力。)”可知为了让你的团队成员保持健康和高效，你需要让他们多笑，减少压力，所以文章接下来应该讲到在团队中如何制造笑声，即制造笑声的的具体步骤。故选A项。
D
After taking a few steps back to get a running start, Hadj Benhalima dashed toward the building, pushed against its wall with his foot, pushed himself upward and stretched out his arm.
At the peak of his leap, he fingered oft a light switch, more than 1o feet off the ground. The bright lights of a nearby barbershop went off instantly
Groups of young athletes practicing Parkour—the practice of passing obstacles in a man—made or natural environment through the use of running, vaulting (腾跃), jumping, climbing, rolling, and other movements in order to travel from one point to another in the quickest and most efficient way possible without the use of equipment—have been swinging around big French cities switching off wasteful shop signs at night, in an effort to fight light pollution and save energy.
These so—called Light Off operations have become extra popular in recent months, with France embarking on energy conservation efforts.
Paris, the City of Light, is a favorite target. While its landmark monuments now go dark earlier than usual, many store signs still stay lit all night.
“Everyone can contribute in their own way” to save energy, said Kevin Ha, the leader of the Paris—based Op he Spot Parkour group, with about 20 members. “We put our physical abilities to good use.”
Enforcing the orders in place of the authorities certainly enters a legal gray area. But the group said all the police officers they have met during their rounds have approved of their deeds—as long as it causes no damage.
12. Which of the following options is NOT Parkour’s feature?
A. It doesn’t need any tools to assist movement.
B. It can only be practiced in an enclosed environment.
C. It aims to travel from one point to another in the quickest way.
D. It is practiced through running, vaulting, jumping, climbing, etc.
13. Why do young athletes in Paris take part in Parkour?
A. To invite more youths to join them in competition.
B. To overcome physical boundaries and build fitness.
C. To reduce the consequences of energy consumption.
D. To tour around feeling the unique beauty of Paris at night.
14. What does Kevin Ha think of the Parkour participants?
A. They are honest. B. They are creative. C. They are selfish. D. They are optimistic.
15. How did the police react to the Light Off operations of the young?
A. They gave their unspoken agreement.
B. They took these actions as illegal.
C. They believed there must be damage caused.
D. They held an indifferent attitude towards them.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是巴黎年轻运动员利用跑酷来节省能源。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Groups of young athletes practicing Parkour—the practice of passing obstacles in a man—made or natural environment through the use of running, vaulting(腾跃), jumping, climbing, rolling, and other movements in order to travel from one point to another in the quickest and most efficient way possible without the use of equipment(一群练习跑酷的年轻运动员，通过跑步、跳跃、跳跃、攀爬、滚动和其他动作，在人造或自然环境中通过障碍，以便在不使用设备的情况下以最快和最有效的方式从一个地方到另一个地方)”可知，跑酷的特点不包括只能在封闭的环境中练习。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Everyone can contribute in their own way” to save energy, said Kevin Ha, the leader of the Paris—based Op he Spot Parkour group, with about 20 members. “We put our physical abilities to good use.”(“每个人都可以用自己的方式”来节约能源，总部位于巴黎的Op he Spot跑酷小组的负责人Kevin Ha说，该小组约有20名成员。“我们很好地利用了我们的体能。”)”可知，巴黎的年轻运动员参加跑酷是减少能源消耗的后果。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Everyone can contribute in their own way” to save energy(“每个人都可以用自己的方式”来节约能源)”和“We put our physical abilities to good use.(我们很好地利用了我们的体能。)”可知，Kevin Ha认为跑酷参与者很有创造力，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the group said all the police officers they have met during their rounds have approved of their deeds—as long as it causes no damage.(但该组织表示，他们在巡逻期间遇到的所有警察都认可他们的行为——只要不造成损害。)”可知，警方对青少年Light Off行动心照不宣地同意了。故选A。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There have been several incidents at concerts and other events in recent years where people died because of unsafe crowd conditions and stampedes(踩踏). The latest similar tragedy unfolded in Seoul, South Korea, where a Halloween gathering in a club district turned deadly, with at least 155 deaths being reported.
This may leave some people thinking there’s little you can do to survive a stampede. But crowd—safety experts say there are several strategies that could help you avoid such danger. ____16____
◆ Pay attention to the exit
The key to staying safe in a crowd begins the moment you arrive at the location, says Randy I. Atlas, a safety expert. ____17____ It’s a piece of common—sense advice that Atlas applies not just to big events, but even when entering almost any room.
◆ ____18____
If there’s a sudden panic and crowds begin to push in a certain direction, do not fight back or push the opposite way, Instead, move in the same direction of the crowd. If you go against the low, you increase your chances of getting tripped and knocked down. Another risk is, according to experts: if you fight the crowd, you will tire yourself out quickly.
◆ Figure the “WAY” out.
____19____ Therefore you can potentially angle(斜移)your way out of the situation, experts say. The goal, according to writer Patrick Hutchison, is to get to “the edge of the stampede where it’s less likely that you’ll end up stuck at a chokepoint, like a doorway.”
◆ Mind the posture.
In many stampede events, people die from asphyxiation(窒息)—____20____ But a possible way to avoid this is to place your arms in front of you, almost in a boxer—like stance(站立姿势). That could give you some very valuable breathing room and protect your chest. Sometimes, Ending the right posture can make all the difference.
A. Go with the crowd.
B. Don’t panic and take immediate action.
C. Here are some tips to increase the chances of survival.
D. death in this disaster is usually caused by being stepped on.
E. they are simply pressed to the point where they can’t breathe.
F. That’s to say, he advises people to take note of where the nearest exits are.
G. Move in a specific direction rather than straight as you go forward with the crowd.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文，主要针对踩踏时间提出了一些提高生存几率的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“But crowd—safety experts say there are several strategies that could help you avoid such danger（但人群安全专家表示，有几种策略可以帮助你避免这种危险）”以及下文的小标题“Pay attention to the exit（注意出口）”，“Figure the “WAY” out（找出出路）”，“Mind the posture（注意姿势）”可知，此处应该是提出一些建议，故C项中“Here are some tips to increase the chances of survival（以下是一些提高生存机会的建议）”承上启下，符合语境，故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据小标题“Pay attention to the exit（注意出口）”和上文“The key to staying safe in a crowd begins the moment you arrive at the location, says Randy I. Atlas, a safety expert（安全专家兰迪·I·阿特拉斯（Randy I.Atlas）表示，在人群中保持安全的关键是从你到达地方的那一刻开始）”以及下文“It’s a piece of common—sense advice that Atlas applies not just to big events, but even when entering almost any room（这是一条常识性的建议，阿特拉斯不仅适用于大型活动，甚至在进入几乎任何房间时也是如此）可知，此处应该在讲述人们到达地方之后要注意最近的出口时哪里，F项中“exits”与小标题中的“exit”一致，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“If there’s a sudden panic and crowds begin to push in a certain direction, do not fight back or push the opposite way, Instead, move in the same direction of the crowd. If you go against the low, you increase your chances of getting tripped and knocked down. Another risk is, according to experts: if you fight the crowd, you will tire yourself out quickly（如果突然出现恐慌，人群开始向某个方向推进，不要反击或向相反方向推进，而是向人群的同一方向移动。如果你逆行，你会增加被绊倒和击倒的机会。根据专家的说法，另一个风险是：如果你与人群搏斗，你会很快筋疲力尽）”可知，本段主要讲述要顺着人群走，而不是逆着人群走，A选项“Go with the crowd（跟人群走）”能够概括段落大意，故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Figure the “WAY” out（找出出路）”和下文“Therefore you can potentially angle(斜移)your way out of the situation, experts say. The goal, according to writer Patrick Hutchison, is to get to ‘the edge of the stampede where it’s less likely that you’ll end up stuck at a chokepoint, like a doorway.’（ 因此，专家们表示，你可以从某种角度摆脱这种情况。根据作家帕特里克·哈奇森（Patrick Hutchison）的说法，目标是到达“踩踏事件的边缘，在那里你不太可能被困在一个瓶颈，比如门口”）”可知，此处应该在描述我们要沿着一定的方向移动，找到出路，G选项中“Move in a specific direction（向特定方向移动）”与之相符，故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“people die from asphyxiation（人们死于窒息）”和下文“But a possible way to avoid this is to place your arms in front of you, almost in a boxer—like stance(站立姿势). That could give you some very valuable breathing room and protect your chest（但避免这种情况的一种可能方法是将手臂放在前面，几乎以拳击手的姿势。这可以给你一些非常宝贵的呼吸空间，保护你的胸部）”可知，此处描述的是无法呼吸的情况，E选项中“can’t breathe（不能呼吸）”与“asphyxiation（窒息）”相符，故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Seeing the news of the 2022 Nobel Prize on TV, I can’t help ____21____ a tale about a remarkable physicist, Albert Einstein. When Einstein was a little kid, his father bought him a compass as a gift. He was amazed by it. It was that moment, as Einstein later said, that ____22____ the beginning of his scientific journey. Many other great ____23____ in history had similar stories.
It always amazed me how such an experience could have a huge impact on one’s life. ____24____ Einstein and other science giants, I don’t remember having any particular experience that ____25____ my interest into science. For me, I was not a matter of a single event, but rather many of them.
As a kid I enjoyed spending hours watching stars during summer nights. I tried to see if some of those shining dots displayed certain figures, I found magnetism (磁力) and electricity very interesting too. I didn’t really ____26____ these concepts, but I could play with them.
I showed great interest in physics at school. To learn more about it, I began my undergraduate studies. A lot changed about me at this stage. I still had the same ____27____, but my perspective (思维方式) was widened as I was introduced to many more fascinating parts of ____28____. Consequently, my interest in the field was shaped.
Following my graduation I decided to study abroad. My initial ____29____ was to get an internationally — praised level of education. However, such an experience ____30____ more than that. Most importantly, it meant that I would be in an environment where I could fully immerse (沉浸) myself in my work and subjects of physics.
____31____, I realized what I missed most during my undergraduate studies was ____32____ work. It was a lot more satisfying than just trying to do science on paper. ____33____, my master’s degree study program also gives me these opportunities. I get ____34____ to so many research areas and opportunities for practical work. ____35____ all these experiences, I’ve discovered for myself what I want to be in physics.
21. A. recalling B. writing C. inventing D. publishing
22. A. changed B. marked C. hit D. limited
23. A. medalists B. graduates C. minds D. teachers
24. A. Instead of B. Other than C. In contrast to D. Rather than
25. A. locked B. revived C. maintained D. added
26. A. refuse B. miss C. honor D. understand
27. A. lesson B. passion C. reason D. subject
28. A. compasses B. stars C. papers D. physics
29. A. motivation B. research C. attitude D. application
30. A. took B. required C. proved D. started
31. A. Looking forward B. Looking back C. Turning over D. Turning around
32. A. serious B. countless C. official D. practical
33. A. Undoubtedly B. Possibly C. Naturally D. Fortunately
34. A. devotion B. access C. admission D. relation
35. A. Thanks to B. As for C. In place of D. For lack of
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对物理产生兴趣的经历。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在电视上看到2022年诺贝尔奖的消息时，我不禁想起了一个关于杰出物理学家Albert Einstein的故事。A. recalling回想起；B. writing写；C. inventing发明；D. publishing出版。根据下文“a tale about a remarkable physicist, Albert Einstein”可知，作者回想起一个关于杰出物理学家Albert Einstein的故事。故选A。
22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如爱因斯坦后来所说，正是那一刻标志着他科学之旅的开始。A. changed改变；B. marked标志（重要事件或时刻）；C. hit打击；D. limited限制。根据下文“the beginning of his scientific journey”可知，那一刻标志着他科学之旅的开始。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：历史上许多其他伟大的奖牌得主都有类似的故事。A. medalists奖牌得主；B. graduates毕业生；C. minds智慧；D. teachers老师。根据上文“the news of the 2022 Nobel Prize”可知，此处表示“历史上许多其他伟大的奖牌得主都有类似的故事”。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：与爱因斯坦和其他科学巨人不同，我不记得有什么特别的经历使我对科学产生了兴趣。A. Instead of代替；B. Other than除了；C. In contrast to与……形成对照；D. Rather than而不是。根据下文“I don’t remember having any particular experience that ____5____ my interest into science”可知，作者不记得有什么特别的经历使作者对科学产生了兴趣，这和其他科学巨人不同，因此空格处是“与……形成对照”。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与爱因斯坦和其他科学巨人不同，我不记得有什么特别的经历使我对科学产生了兴趣。A. locked锁；B. revived恢复；C. maintained保持；D. added增加。根据下文“my interest into science”可知，此处表示“我不记得有什么特别的经历使我对科学产生了兴趣”，lock someone/something into something表示“使某人或某事卷入一个系统、计划等，使他们无法轻易逃脱”，此处表示作者的兴趣锁定在科学上。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不太理解这些概念，但我可以和它们玩儿。A. refuse拒绝；B. miss错过；C. honor尊敬；D. understand理解。根据下文“these concepts, but I could play with them”可知，句子表示“我不太理解这些概念，但我可以和它们玩儿”。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然有同样的热情，但我的视野开阔了，因为我被介绍到物理学的许多更迷人的部分。A. lesson课；B. passion热情；C. reason原因；D. subject科目。根据上文“I showed great interest in physics”可知，此处表示“我仍然有同样的热情”。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然有同样的热情，但我的视野开阔了，因为我被介绍到物理学的许多更迷人的部分。A. compasses圆规；B. stars星星；C. papers文件；D. physics物理学。根据上文“I showed great interest in physics”可知，此处表示“我被介绍到物理学的许多更迷人的部分”。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初的动机是获得国际认可的教育水平。A. motivation动机；B. research研究；C. attitude态度；D. application应用。根据下文“to get an internationally—praised level of education”可知，作者最初的动机是获得国际认可的教育水平。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这样的经历证明了不止于此。A. took拿走；B. required要求；C. proved证明；D. started开始。根据下文“Most importantly, it meant that I would be in an environment where I could fully immerse (沉浸) myself in my work and subjects of physics”可知，这样的经历证明了不止于此。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：回首往事，我意识到我在本科期间错过最多的是实际工作。A. Looking forward展望未来；B. Looking back回首；C. Turning over翻身；D. Turning around转身。根据下文“what I missed most during my undergraduate studies was ____12____ work”可知，空格后内容是作者回首往事时意识到的。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回首往事，我意识到我在本科期间错过最多的是实际工作。A. serious严肃的；B. countless无数的；C. official正式的；D. practical实际的。根据下文“so many research areas and opportunities for practical work”可知，作者觉得在本科期间错过最多的是实际工作。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我的硕士学习项目也给了我这些机会。A. Undoubtedly无疑；B. Possibly可能；C. Naturally自然地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据下文“my master’s degree study program also gives me these opportunities”可知，作者的硕士学习项目也给了作者这些机会，这是幸运的。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以接触到很多研究领域和实际工作的机会。A. devotion奉献；B. access获得的机会；C. admission承认；D. relation联系。根据下文“to so many research areas and opportunities for practical work”可知，作者可以接触到很多研究领域和实际工作的机会，get access to是固定短语，意为“可以接触到”。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：多亏了这些经历，我自己发现了我想在物理学中成为什么。A. Thanks to多亏了；B. As for关于；C. In place of代替；D. For lack of因为缺乏。根据下文“I’ve discovered for myself what I want to be in physics”可知，句子表示“多亏了这些经历，我自己发现了我想在物理学中成为什么”。故选A。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题部分(满分65分)
注意：将答案写在答题纸上;写在本试卷上无效。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小心1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese knot is a knot ____36____ is tied and woven from a single length of cord or rope to be various complexity. Each shape has its own meaning. Nowadays you can find them as decoration, gifts for special ____37____ (occasion) and adornments on clothes.
Most Knots are double layered and have two cords entering the knot from the top and two leaving from the bottom. Each kind of knot ____38____ (name) after its shape or the meaning that it carries.
Knot weavers can use a ____39____ (vary) of colors, but they usually weave deep red ones and the color red signifies good fortune
Chinese knots bold emotional value when ____40____ (give) as gifts or passed down through families. For example, in ancient times and even now, lovers may give a knot ____41____ a representation of their love. The ‘true love knot’ and the ‘double happiness knot’ are used at weddings ____42____ (express) mutual love and growing old together in fidelity(忠诚).
Knots are ____43____ means of fastening traditional garments instead of buttons or wooden pegs(挂钩). Now, silk is most ____44____ (wide) used to make these clothing knots and _____45_____ are used as jewelry such as even rings, earrings, bracelets, and necklaces.
【答案】36. that ## which
37. occasions
38. is named
39. variety
40. given 41. as
42. to express
43. a 44. widely
45. they
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要是讲述了中国结的制作，每种中国结的名字由来，中国结在不同场合用处及意义等。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国结是一种用一根绳子或绳子绑成各种复杂程度的结。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a knot，指物，在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
【37题详解】
考查可数名词的复数。句意：如今，你可以把它们当作装饰品、特殊场合的礼物和衣服上的装饰品。occasion表示“时机”，为可数名词，结合句意可知，此处用名词的复数形式表示泛指，故填occasions。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：每种结都是根据其形状或其所承载的意义来命名的。结合句意可知，句子在讲述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语为each kind of knot，谓语动词用三单形式，且与name“命名”之间是被动关系，故填is named。
【39题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：结编织者可以使用多种颜色，但他们通常编织深红色的结，红色表示好运。固定搭配a variety of表示“各种各样的”符合句意，故填variety。
【40题详解】
考查省略句。句意：当作为礼物或通过家庭传递时，中国结具有情感价值。分析句子可知，此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略，省略了主语Chinese knots与be动词are，主语Chinese knots与give之间是被动关系，故完整的句子应为when Chinese knots are given，故填given。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，在古代甚至现在，情侣们可能会打一个结来表示他们的爱情。由句意可知，该空需要介词，表示“作为”，故填as。
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：“真爱结”和“双喜结”在婚礼上用来表达彼此的爱和忠诚地白头偕老。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式表目的，故填to express。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：结是系传统服装的一种方法，而不是纽扣或木栓。根据空后means表示“方式，手段”，为不可数名词，结合句意可知，此处表示单数含义，故用不定冠词表泛指，means为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：现在，丝绸被最广泛地用于制作这些服装结，它们被用作珠宝，如戒指、耳环、手镯和项链。分析句子可知，此处用副词作状语修饰动词used，故填widely。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：现在，丝绸被最广泛地用于制作这些服装结，它们被用作珠宝，如戒指、耳环、手镯和项链。结合句意可知，此处指代knots，且作主语，故填they。
第四部分 单元知识考查(共四节，满分50分)
第一节 单词填空(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)
46. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces to ________ (strength) your leg muscles. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】strengthen
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：为了避免膝盖疼痛，你可以在柔软的地面上跑步，以加强腿部肌肉。结合句意及空前的不定式符号to以及空后的名词your leg muscles可知应填动词形式strengthen，to strengthen your leg muscles为不定式作目的状语。故填strengthen。
47. Too many ________(失败) have weakened him of his confidence.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】failures
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：太多失败削弱了他的信心。根据汉语提示“失败”及空前的Too many及空后的have weakened可知，此处应填名词的复数形式failures，作主语，此处的failure为抽象名词具体化。故填failures。
48. The animal protection organization is calling for a ________ (globe) ban on whaling. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】global
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个动物保护组织呼吁在全球范围内禁止捕鲸。形容词修饰名词ban作定语，globe形容词是global，故填global。
49. After the speech, the president took questions from an ________(观众)that included many foreign policy experts. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】audience
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：演讲结束后，总统接受包括许多外交政策专家在内的听众提问。不定冠词后用可数名词单数，根据汉语提示“观众”是audience。an audience表示观众群众，故填audience。
50. White has always been a ________ (象征，标志) of purity in Western cultures. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】symbol
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在西方文化中，白色一直是纯洁的象征。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用名词symbol，由空前的不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填symbol。
51. Scientists say thousands of animals get ________ (trap) in the floating waste, which results in death. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】trapped
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家说，成千上万的动物被困在漂浮的垃圾中，最终死亡。动词trap表示“困住”，结合句意可知，主语thousands of animals表示“成千上万的动物”与trap之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式，故填trapped。
52. Please accept this gift in ____________(appreciate) of all you have done for us.
【答案】appreciation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了感谢你为我们所做的一切，请收下这份礼物。in appreciation of感激，用名词appreciation作宾语。故填appreciation。
53. The ________(救援) attempt was frustrated by bad weather. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】rescue
【解析】
【详解】考查不可数名词。句意：拯救行动因天气恶劣受阻。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处用名词rescue，作定语，修饰名词attempt，表示“救援行动”。故填rescue。
54. The government has declared a state of ________(紧急情况) following the tsunami. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】emergency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：海啸过后，政府宣布进入紧急状态。“紧急情况”是emergency，a state of emergency意为“紧急状态”，因此空格处是emergency。故填emergency。
55. A late arrival ________ (slide) into his seat when the movie had already started. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】slid
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：电影已经开始时，一个迟到的人悄悄地溜到了他的座位上。结合句意和had started可知，句子在讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填slid。
第二节 短语填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。
sweep away in ruins ups and downs date back to
on hand work out bridge the gap make a difference
compare...with in shock now and then point of view
56. This war-torn city was let ________.
57. I’m still ________ after hearing that bad news.
58. Where you live will surely ________ to the way you feel.
59. Learn to understand things from another person’s ________.
60. ________ face-to-face communication，books often provide a better medium for changing people’s beliefs.
61. You need to lift your head ________ when you’re reading, which is good for your eyes.
62. Representatives of the two parties met to _________ a proposal.
63. This temple has a long history ________ the early period of the Tang Dynasty.
64. The course of life never runs smoothly, for it is full of ________ and twists and turns.
65. The rainstorm had ended and the gray mist and clouds had been ________ in the night by the wind.
【答案】56. in ruins
57. in shock
58. make a difference
59. point of view
60. Compared with
61. now and then
62. work out
63. dating back to
64. ups and downs
65. swept away
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：这个饱受战争摧残的城市成了一片废墟。固定短语in ruins表示“沦为废墟”，在句中作was的表语，故填in ruins。
【57题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：听到那个坏消息后我很震惊。介词短语in shock表示“震惊”，作am的表语，故填in shock。
【58题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：你住的地方肯定会对你的感觉产生影响。动词短语make a difference表示“产生影响，起作用”，空前有will，故用动词原形，故填make a difference。
【59题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：学会从他人的角度理解事情。固定搭配from one’s point of view表示“从某人的角度”，空前有another person’s，故填point of view。
【60题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：与面对面交流相比，书籍往往为改变人们的信仰提供了更好的媒介。结合句意可知，此处用compare with表示“与……作比较”，分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词provide，且与compare之间无连词，此处用非谓语动词，主语books与compare之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式，且首字母大写，故填Compared with。
【61题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：阅读时，你需要不时抬起头，这对你的眼睛有好处。固定短语now and then表示“不时”，在句中作时间状语，故填now and then。
【62题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：两党代表开会拟定了一项提案。动词短语work out表示“拟定”，分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式表目的，且空前有to，故用动词原形，故填work out。
【63题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：这座寺庙历史悠久，可以追溯到唐朝早期。动词短语date back to表示“追溯到”，此处用为非谓语动词形式作定语，This temple与date back to之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，故填dating back to。
【64题详解】
考查名词短语。句意：人生的道路从来不会是平坦的，因为它充满了起起落落和曲折。名词短语ups and downs表示“起起落落”与twists and turns并列作介词of的宾语，故填ups and downs。
【65题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：暴风雨结束了，灰色的雾和云在夜里被风吹散了。动词sweep away表示“吹散”，结合句意可知，主语the gray mist and clouds“灰色的雾和云”与sweep away之间是被动关系，且空前有been，故用过去分词形式，故填swept away。
第三节 词形转换(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
词性转换
66. refer —________ (n.)
67. equal — ________ (adv.)
68. describe —________ (n.)
69. sweat —________ (adj.)
70. dry —________ (n.干旱)
71. destroy —________ (n.)
72. compete —________ (adj.)
73. survive —________ (n.幸存者)
74. injure —________ (n.)
75. honor —________ (adj.光荣的;高尚的)
【答案】66. reference
67. equally
68. description
69. sweaty 70. drought
71. destruction
72. competitive
73. survivor
74. injury 75. honorable
【解析】
【66题详解】
refer“参考”，动词，其名词形式是reference“参考”，故答案是reference。
【67题详解】
equal“平等的”，形容词，变副词是在形容词后面加ly，其副词形式是equally“平等地”，故答案是equally。
【68题详解】
describe“描绘”，动词，其名词形式是description“描述，形容词”，故答案是description。
【69题详解】
sweat“汗水”，名词，其形容词形式是sweaty“出汗的”，故答案是sweaty。
70题详解】
dry“干的”，形容词，其名词形式是drought“干旱”，故答案drought。
【71题详解】
destroy“摧毁”，动词，其名词形式是destruction“破坏，摧毁”，故答案destruction。
【72题详解】
compete“竞争”，动词，其形容词形式是competitive“有竞争的”，故答案是competitive。
【73题详解】
survive“幸存”，动词，其名词形式是survivor“幸存者”，故答案是survivor。
【74题详解】
injure“损害”，动词，其名词形式是injury“伤害”，故答案是injury。
【75题详解】
honor“荣誉”，名词，其形容词形式是honorable“光荣的”，故答案是honorable。
第四节 按要求完成句了翻译(共5小题;每小题4分，满分20分)
76. 无论发生什么，你都应该保持冷静。（让步状语从句）（汉译英）
【答案】Whatever happens, you should stay calm.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，让步状语从句，固定短语和主谓一致。根据句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“无论发生什么”是whatever happens，是whatever引导的让步状语从句，“你都应该保持冷静”是you should stay calm，因此整句话翻译为“Whatever happens, you should stay calm”。故答案为Whatever happens, you should stay calm.
77. 洪水袭击了村庄，使得道路受损，难以运送食物和物资。(现在分词作结果状语；strike) （汉译英）
【答案】Flood has stricken the villages, leaving the roads damaged and making it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和现在分词作状语。“洪水袭击了村庄”用现在完成时，“袭击”是strike，“洪水袭击了村庄”翻译为flood has stricken the villages，“使得道路受损”用现在分词作结果状语，翻译为leaving the roads damaged，“难以运送食物和物资”也就是“使得运送食物和物资变得困难”，用现在分词作状语，“使做某事困难”是make it difficult to do，“运送食物和物资”是deliver food and supplies，因此整句话翻译为“Flood has stricken the villages, leaving the roads damaged and making it difficult to deliver food and supplies”。故答案为Flood has stricken the villages, leaving the roads damaged and making it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
78. 她坐在窗边，陷入沉思。（过去分词作伴随状语；bury）（汉译英）
【答案】She sat by the window, buried in thought.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词和固定短语。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“She”作句子主语，句首单词首字母大写，“sit by the window”表示“坐在窗边”，“sit”的过去式为“sat”，“She sat by the window”表示“她坐在窗边”，“be buried in…”意为“专心于……”，“be buried in thought”表示“陷入沉思”，句中要求用过去分词作伴随状语，故用过去分词短语“buried in thought”表示“陷入沉思”，作伴随状语。故翻译为She sat by the window, buried in thought.
79. 有没有能帮我改善书法的方法？(关系代词引导的限制性定语从句；calligraphy) （汉译英）
【答案】Is there any way that can help me improve my calligraphy？
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。此处用there be的一般疑问句表示“有没有”，way表示“方式，方法”，作为先行词，在定语从句中作主语，故用that来引导从句，help sb do表示“帮助某人做某事”，improve表示“提高”，句子陈述目前的情况，应用一般现在时。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Is there any way that can help me improve my calligraphy?
80. 地震后，人们迫切地寻找住处，在那里安顿下来。(关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句；shelter) （汉译英）
【答案】After the earthquake, people were desperate to find shelters, where they could settle down.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和定语从句。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“地震后”是after the earthquake，“迫切地做某事”是be desperate to do sth.，“寻找住处”是find shelters，“在那里安顿下来”用where引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词shelters，“安顿下来”是settle down，“在那里安顿下来”翻译为where they could settle down，因此整句话翻译为“After the earthquake, people were desperate to find shelters, where they could settle down”。故答案为After the earthquake, people were desperate to find shelters, where they could settle down.
“兴酣落笔摇五岳，意气风发凌九霄”
2022—2023学年上学期高一年级
期中英语学科试卷
考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体.工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不得折叠，不要弄破、乔皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第Ⅰ卷选 择题部分(满分85分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对语后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
等案是C。
1. What does the man usually do on weekends?
A. Go hiking B. Do the cleaning. C. Rest at home.
2. Why does George look tired?
A. He had a long flight
B. He walked on the beach.
C. He didn’t sleep well in the hotel.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a restaurant B. In an office. C. In a station
4. What does the woman mean?
A. She will cancel the party.
B. There is plenty of food at the party.
C. The man should’ve invited his workmates.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A race. B. Healthy diet C. The man’s brother.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对活或独白。每段对话或独自后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，问香第6、7题。
6. When will the man probably visit the shop?
A. This afternoon.
B. Tomorrow morning.
C. Tomorrow afternoon.
7. What is the woman’s problem?
A. She has a busy schedule
B. She lost a telephone number.
C. She needs to use the copy machine now.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What docs the man ask the woman to do?
A. Place an order
B. Recommend a product.
C. Reduce a price
9. What will the man do with a video camera?
A. Record his travels. B. Use it for a class. C. Send it as a gift.
10. What does the woman say about the Sepler 83?
A. It is highly praised. B. It is a new model. C. It is easy to use.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is making the woman late for the dinner?
A. The car trouble. B. The heavy traffic. C. The long meeting.
12. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. Give her ride.
B. Meet her at a bus stop.
C. Call a customer.
13. Where could the man most probably be?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a museum C. In a park.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Where does the man live?
A. Beside a supermarket. B. Near a cake shop. C. Across from a school.
15. How does the woman get to work?
A. On foot. B. By bus C. by car
16. What will the woman do tomorrow?
A. Move house. B. Go shopping. C. Collect the man,
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is on special offer?
A. Family tickets. B. Teenagers’ tickets. C. Children’s tickets.
18. When will the special offer end?
A. On June 21 B. On Jane 25. C. On June 30.
19 What do we know about the newest sides?
A. They are less exciting.
B. They are popular with kids.
C. They are the biggest in the state
20. What does the speaker suggest people do in the end?
A. Book tickets soon
B. Protect themselves from the sun.
C. Visit the website for more information.
弟二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Done with Dragon’s Back and tired of the Twin Peaks? Check out these lesser-known hikes in Hong Kong with rewarding views and fewer crowds on for size.
Tai Po Kau Forest Walk
Best for: Families
Tai Po Kau Forest Walk is located inside the Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve, a popular destination for nature lovers. It features different colour-coded trails (小径) which allow you to control the duration of your hike. This nature reserve is also home to various wildlife, so if you’re lucky, you might be able to see some resident owls or even fireflies. Another benefit is that Tai Po Kau has a thick forest which provides plenty of shade for the entire duration of the hike.
Distance: 3-10 km
Duration: 45 mins-3.5 hours
Difficulty: 2.5 out of 5
Little Hawaii
Best for: A waterfall hike
Known as the easiest waterfall hike in Hong Kong, Little Hawaii was once the water reservoir (水库) for factory in the 1900s. Now, it’s the perfect spot for a leisure walk. Altogether, there are 3 waterfall spots. As the highlight of the hike, you can go upstream to view the waterfall from a different angle.
Distance: 2.5 km
Duration: 1 hour
Difficulty: 1 out of 5
Wo Yeung Shan
Best for: Advanced hikers
As the fifth highest peak in Hong Kong, Wo Yeung Shan offers breathtaking views of the city. Those well-trained hikers who are up for challenge can even climb up the Wo Yeung Rocks for photos. You nay end the hike at Shing Mun Reservoir, where minibuses and taxis are available to return to the city.
Distance: 9.5 km
Duration: 4.5 hours
Difficulty: 3.5 out of 5
Lai Chi Wo
Best for: Heritage and wildlife
Explore the northeast comer of the New Territories through the old Hakka village of Lai Chi Wo and the Double Haven Geo Area. Along the well-paved trail, you will also be impressed by hundreds of species of wildlife here. Don’t miss the chance to check out the wetlands and fishponds around Double Haven too.
Distance: 16 km
Duration: 4.5 hours
Difficulty: 2.5 out of 5
1. What do Tai Po Kau Forest Walk and Lai Chi Wo have in common?
A. They both feature various wildlife.
B. They are both with a water reservoir.
C. They are both friendly to beginner hikers.
D. They both provide free return minibuses and taxis.
2. What is special about Little Hawaii?
A. It is well known as the highest peak in Hong Kong.
B. Its forest can shelter the hikers from direct sunshine.
C. It’s a perfect place to get to know some old villages.
D. It offers a good view of the waterfall if hikers go upstream.
3. Which hike might be your choice if you are an experienced hiker ready for challenge?
A. Tao Po Kau forest Walk. B. Wo Yeung Shan.
C. Little Hawaii. D. Lai Chi Wo.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几处香港鲜为人知的徒步旅行地点。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Tai Po Kau Forest Walk部分的“This nature reserve is also home to various wildlife, so if you’re lucky, you might be able to see some resident owls or even fireflies. (这个自然保护区也是各种野生动物的家园，所以如果你幸运的话，你可能会看到一些猫头鹰甚至萤火虫)”及Lai Chi Wo部分的“Along the well-paved trail, you will also be impressed by hundreds of species of wildlife here. (沿着铺得很好的小道，你还会对这里的数百种野生动物印象深刻)”可知，Tai Po Kau Forest Walk和Lai Chi Wo的共同点是它们都以各种野生动物为特色。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Little Hawaii部分的“As the highlight of the hike, you can go upstream to view the waterfall from a different angle. (作为远足的亮点，你可以从不同的角度逆流而上观赏瀑布)”可知，Little Hawaii的特别之处是如果徒步旅行者逆流而上，它可以很好地看到瀑布。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wo Yeung Shan部分“As the fifth highest peak in Hong Kong, Wo Yeung Shan offers breathtaking views of the city. Those well-trained hikers who are up for challenge can even climb up the Wo Yeung Rocks for photos. (作为香港的第五高峰，Wo Yeung Shan提供了令人叹为观止的城市景观。那些训练有素、勇于挑战的徒步旅行者甚至可以爬上Wo Yeung Rocks拍照)”可知，如果你是一位准备迎接挑战的经验丰富的徒步旅行者，你会选择Wo Yeung Shan。故选B项。
B
Ma Long has had a good student image since childhood Ma, born in Anshan, Liaoning, the “hone of table tennis”, was sent by his father to practice table tennis when he was 5 years old, and he went to Shenyang at the age of 11. At 15, Ma Long joined the national team. Although he was the least talkative boy of the players, his perseverance (坚持不懈) was as great as his overall strength in table tennis. In 2006, at 18, Ma Long, together with his teammates, won a team world championship.
Behind early fame of the genius is Ma Long’s almost paranoid (偏执的) strictness towards himself. His daily routine throughout four seasons was a two—point line between the dormitory and the training hall, and he was the first to arrive and the last to leave on a daily basis. He had been doing so for ten years, monotonously and repetitively. His coach Liu Guoliang once said, “I went to the table tennis hall on a Sunday morning for an unannounced inspection to see how many players were training on Sunday. Only one person in the men’s first team was there… A genius is not your fear, but your fear is that a genius works harder than you do.” Such a genius is Ma Long.
However, after joining the team for nearly a decade, he suffered various types of failure, and thus was questioned by everyone. At that time, Zhang Jike, another top player, returned to the national team. From then on, Zhang was so invincible that he achieved the personal Grand Slam (大满贯) within only 445 days, which was done in the shortest time in record. Seeing Zhang’s achievements, Ma Long, at the lowest point, had the idea of retiring. But he was unwilling to just “disappear”.
Then came the Suzhou 2015 World Championship, Ma Long crowned his career, winning the singles champion, and it had been ten years since he won a world championship last time. This title seemed to give him new prospect and all of his efforts paid off.
4. What can we know about Ma Long in Paragraph 1?
A. He was an outgoing and sociable person.
B. He won the first world singles championship at 18.
C. He started to practice at S in the absence of his parents.
D. He stood out for his determination and professional skills.
5. What can we infer about Ma Long according to Liu Guoliang?
A. Years of training witnessed his loneliness.
B. He was worn—out and under inspection every day.
C. Hardship and fears swallowed him without mercy.
D. The road to fame was never smooth but rather tough.
6. What does the underlined word “invincible” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Approachable B. Matchless. C. Selfless. D. Unbearable.
7. What is the suitable title for the text?
A. Ma Long: Pain Is Worthy of a Champion
B. Ma Long: Victory Deserves Focus of Attention
C. Ma Long: Glory Is Bound to Fade Away
D. Ma Long: Chance Favors the Intelligent
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍的是马龙的成名之路以及他为此付出的努力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Although he was the least talkative boy of the players, his perseverance (坚持不懈) was as great as his overall strength in table tennis.(虽然他是运动员中最不爱说话的，但他的毅力和他在乒乓球比赛中的整体实力一样强大。)”可知，在第一段中我们能了解到马龙以他的决心和专业技能脱颖而出，故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Behind early fame of the genius is Ma Long’s almost paranoid (偏执的) strictness towards himself. His daily routine throughout four seasons was a two—point line between the dormitory and the training hall, and he was the first to arrive and the last to leave on a daily basis.(这位天才早年成名的背后，是马龙对自己近乎偏执的严格。在过去的四个赛季里，他的日常生活就是在宿舍和训练馆之间划出一条两点线，他每天第一个到，最后一个离开。)”和“A genius is not your fear, but your fear is that a genius works harder than you do.(天才不是你害怕的，你害怕的是天才比你更努力。)”可知，根据刘国梁的说法，马龙的成名之路从来不是平坦的，而是艰难的。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“he achieved the personal Grand Slam (大满贯) within only 445 days, which was done in the shortest time in record(他只用了445天就完成了个人大满贯，这是历史上最短的时间)”可知，张继科很无敌，因此invincible意为“无敌的”，和matchless意思相近，故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的“Then came the Suzhou 2015 World Championship, Ma Long crowned his career, winning the singles champion, and it had been ten years since he won a world championship last time. This title seemed to give him new prospect and all of his efforts paid off.(然后是2015年苏州世锦赛，马龙加冕了自己的职业生涯，获得单打冠军，距离他上一次获得世界冠军已经有十年了。这个头衔似乎给了他新的前景，他所有的努力都得到了回报。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是马龙的成名之路以及他为此付出的努力，因此最好的题目是A选项“Ma Long: Pain Is Worthy of a Champion(马龙：痛苦配得上冠军)”，故选A。
C
Video conferencing has been around for more than 20 years. Until the Covid-19 pandemic, though, you would find that many people needing to attend a meeting remotely would be calling from a real conference room full of their teammates. Today, we’re routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual (虚拟). And this is creating a problem that technology can’t fix.
The problem is us, specifically the fact that we haven’t evolved (进化) socially to the point where we can bear much separation. So much of our well-being and work productivity is decided on how close we are physically. The removal of that for any period of time can be severely damaging. One aspect surprisingly affected by social distancing is laughter.
Normally people laugh about 18 times per day. And 97% of that time we’re laughing with others—we are 30 times more likely to laugh with others than to laugh alone. Think about it; how often does it happen—when you and your friends laugh at something, is that something actually funny? Research shows that 80% of what people laugh at is really not that funny.
So why do people laugh? They laugh in order to laugh with others. Just as everyone starts yawning (打哈欠) when just one person yawns, most people can’t help but laugh when those around them do. This is why TV comedy shows often use prerecorded laugh tracks (音轨).
Laughing in response to other people’s laughing is not just a behavioral phenomenon. When we laugh, our body produces two key chemicals: endorphin which helps relieve pain and sets off feelings of pleasure, and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work.
In today’s home-alone, virtual-team world, this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing: for your team members to stay healthy and productive, you need to get them to laugh more and stress less.
8. Why is video conferencing mentioned at the beginning?
A. To show a fact. B. To entertain readers.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To summarize the passage.
9. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Laughing starts with yawning in groups.
B. Laughing comes more easily in groups.
C. Laugh tracks are popular in comedy shows.
D. Laughing is uncontrollable in conferences.
10. What can we learn from Paragraph 5?
A. Laughing with others is out of politeness.
B. Laughing is the only way to reduce pain.
C. Laughing improves physical and mental health.
D. Laughing leads to a higher position in the workplace.
11. What would the author most probably discuss next?
A. Specific steps to produce laughter in a team.
B. Other factors that may influence a team’s health.
C. Ways to tell the real world from the virtual world.
D. The importance of maintaining work productivity.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了人们为什么笑以及笑对于我们身心健康的重要性。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Today, we’re routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual (虚拟). And this is creating a problem that technology can’t fix. (今天，我们经常性地举行100%虚拟的视频会议，这就产生了一个技术无法解决的问题。)”以及第二段的“So much of our well-being and work productivity is decided on how close we are physically. The removal of that for any period of time can be severely damaging. One aspect surprisingly affected by social distancing is laughter. (我们的幸福感和工作效率很大程度上取决于我们的身体距离有多近。任何一段时间的近距离身体接触的缺失都有可能具有严重的破坏性。令人惊讶的是，受社交距离影响的一个方面是笑声。)”可知此处提到的视频会议是为了引出笑这个话题。故选C项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段的“So why do people laugh? They laugh in order to laugh with others. Just as everyone starts yawning (打哈欠) when just one person yawns, most people can’t help but laugh when those around them do. (那么人们为什么会笑呢?他们笑是为了和别人一起笑。就像当一个人打哈欠时，每个人都开始打哈欠，当周围的人笑时，大多数人都会忍不住笑。)”以及“why TV comedy shows often use prerecorded laugh tracks.(为什么电视喜剧节目经常使用预先录制好的笑声。)”可知，此处是在说笑和打呵欠一样具有传染力，即当周围的人笑时，大多数人都会忍不住笑，由此可知此处的This指代的是在群体中更容易笑这个事实。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段的“When we laugh, our body produces two key chemicals: endorphin which helps relieve pain and sets off feelings of pleasure, and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work. (当我们笑的时候，我们的身体会产生两种关键的化学物质：内啡肽，它有助于缓解疼痛和激发愉悦感；多巴胺，它可以提高学习、动机和注意力。事实上，研究表明：人们只需提前几分钟大笑，就能承受15%以上的疼痛。笑还能提高工作积极性和工作效率。)”可知笑可以让我们减缓疼痛激发愉悦感，提高工作效率，所以可以推出笑能够增进我们的身心健康。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“In today’s home-alone, virtual-team world, this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing: for your team members to stay healthy and productive, you need to get them to laugh more and stress less. (在今天这个独居的虚拟团队世界中，这正是你作为团队领导者应该做的：为了让你的团队成员保持健康和高效，你需要让他们多笑，减少压力。)”可知为了让你的团队成员保持健康和高效，你需要让他们多笑，减少压力，所以文章接下来应该讲到在团队中如何制造笑声，即制造笑声的的具体步骤。故选A项。
D
After taking a few steps back to get a running start, Hadj Benhalima dashed toward the building, pushed against its wall with his foot, pushed himself upward and stretched out his arm.
At the peak of his leap, he fingered oft a light switch, more than 1o feet off the ground. The bright lights of a nearby barbershop went off instantly
Groups of young athletes practicing Parkour—the practice of passing obstacles in a man—made or natural environment through the use of running, vaulting (腾跃), jumping, climbing, rolling, and other movements in order to travel from one point to another in the quickest and most efficient way possible without the use of equipment—have been swinging around big French cities switching off wasteful shop signs at night, in an effort to fight light pollution and save energy.
These so—called Light Off operations have become extra popular in recent months, with France embarking on energy conservation efforts.
Paris, the City of Light, is a favorite target. While its landmark monuments now go dark earlier than usual, many store signs still stay lit all night.
“Everyone can contribute in their own way” to save energy, said Kevin Ha, the leader of the Paris—based Op he Spot Parkour group, with about 20 members. “We put our physical abilities to good use.”
Enforcing the orders in place of the authorities certainly enters a legal gray area. But the group said all the police officers they have met during their rounds have approved of their deeds—as long as it causes no damage.
12. Which of the following options is NOT Parkour’s feature?
A. It doesn’t need any tools to assist movement.
B. It can only be practiced in an enclosed environment.
C. It aims to travel from one point to another in the quickest way.
D. It is practiced through running, vaulting, jumping, climbing, etc.
13. Why do young athletes in Paris take part in Parkour?
A. To invite more youths to join them in competition.
B. To overcome physical boundaries and build fitness.
C. To reduce the consequences of energy consumption.
D. To tour around feeling the unique beauty of Paris at night.
14. What does Kevin Ha think of the Parkour participants?
A. They are honest. B. They are creative. C. They are selfish. D. They are optimistic.
15. How did the police react to the Light Off operations of the young?
A. They gave their unspoken agreement.
B. They took these actions as illegal.
C. They believed there must be damage caused.
D. They held an indifferent attitude towards them.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是巴黎年轻运动员利用跑酷来节省能源。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Groups of young athletes practicing Parkour—the practice of passing obstacles in a man—made or natural environment through the use of running, vaulting(腾跃), jumping, climbing, rolling, and other movements in order to travel from one point to another in the quickest and most efficient way possible without the use of equipment(一群练习跑酷的年轻运动员，通过跑步、跳跃、跳跃、攀爬、滚动和其他动作，在人造或自然环境中通过障碍，以便在不使用设备的情况下以最快和最有效的方式从一个地方到另一个地方)”可知，跑酷的特点不包括只能在封闭的环境中练习。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Everyone can contribute in their own way” to save energy, said Kevin Ha, the leader of the Paris—based Op he Spot Parkour group, with about 20 members. “We put our physical abilities to good use.”(“每个人都可以用自己的方式”来节约能源，总部位于巴黎的Op he Spot跑酷小组的负责人Kevin Ha说，该小组约有20名成员。“我们很好地利用了我们的体能。”)”可知，巴黎的年轻运动员参加跑酷是减少能源消耗的后果。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Everyone can contribute in their own way” to save energy(“每个人都可以用自己的方式”来节约能源)”和“We put our physical abilities to good use.(我们很好地利用了我们的体能。)”可知，Kevin Ha认为跑酷参与者很有创造力，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the group said all the police officers they have met during their rounds have approved of their deeds—as long as it causes no damage.(但该组织表示，他们在巡逻期间遇到的所有警察都认可他们的行为——只要不造成损害。)”可知，警方对青少年Light Off行动心照不宣地同意了。故选A。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There have been several incidents at concerts and other events in recent years where people died because of unsafe crowd conditions and stampedes(踩踏). The latest similar tragedy unfolded in Seoul, South Korea, where a Halloween gathering in a club district turned deadly, with at least 155 deaths being reported.
This may leave some people thinking there’s little you can do to survive a stampede. But crowd—safety experts say there are several strategies that could help you avoid such danger. ____16____
◆ Pay attention to the exit
The key to staying safe in a crowd begins the moment you arrive at the location, says Randy I. Atlas, a safety expert. ____17____ It’s a piece of common—sense advice that Atlas applies not just to big events, but even when entering almost any room.
◆ ____18____
If there’s a sudden panic and crowds begin to push in a certain direction, do not fight back or push the opposite way, Instead, move in the same direction of the crowd. If you go against the low, you increase your chances of getting tripped and knocked down. Another risk is, according to experts: if you fight the crowd, you will tire yourself out quickly.
◆ Figure the “WAY” out.
____19____ Therefore you can potentially angle(斜移)your way out of the situation, experts say. The goal, according to writer Patrick Hutchison, is to get to “the edge of the stampede where it’s less likely that you’ll end up stuck at a chokepoint, like a doorway.”
◆ Mind the posture.
In many stampede events, people die from asphyxiation(窒息)—____20____ But a possible way to avoid this is to place your arms in front of you, almost in a boxer—like stance(站立姿势). That could give you some very valuable breathing room and protect your chest. Sometimes, Ending the right posture can make all the difference.
A. Go with the crowd.
B. Don’t panic and take immediate action.
C. Here are some tips to increase the chances of survival.
D. death in this disaster is usually caused by being stepped on.
E. they are simply pressed to the point where they can’t breathe.
F. That’s to say, he advises people to take note of where the nearest exits are.
G. Move in a specific direction rather than straight as you go forward with the crowd.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文，主要针对踩踏时间提出了一些提高生存几率的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“But crowd—safety experts say there are several strategies that could help you avoid such danger（但人群安全专家表示，有几种策略可以帮助你避免这种危险）”以及下文的小标题“Pay attention to the exit（注意出口）”，“Figure the “WAY” out（找出出路）”，“Mind the posture（注意姿势）”可知，此处应该是提出一些建议，故C项中“Here are some tips to increase the chances of survival（以下是一些提高生存机会的建议）”承上启下，符合语境，故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据小标题“Pay attention to the exit（注意出口）”和上文“The key to staying safe in a crowd begins the moment you arrive at the location, says Randy I. Atlas, a safety expert（安全专家兰迪·I·阿特拉斯（Randy I.Atlas）表示，在人群中保持安全的关键是从你到达地方的那一刻开始）”以及下文“It’s a piece of common—sense advice that Atlas applies not just to big events, but even when entering almost any room（这是一条常识性的建议，阿特拉斯不仅适用于大型活动，甚至在进入几乎任何房间时也是如此）可知，此处应该在讲述人们到达地方之后要注意最近的出口时哪里，F项中“exits”与小标题中的“exit”一致，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“If there’s a sudden panic and crowds begin to push in a certain direction, do not fight back or push the opposite way, Instead, move in the same direction of the crowd. If you go against the low, you increase your chances of getting tripped and knocked down. Another risk is, according to experts: if you fight the crowd, you will tire yourself out quickly（如果突然出现恐慌，人群开始向某个方向推进，不要反击或向相反方向推进，而是向人群的同一方向移动。如果你逆行，你会增加被绊倒和击倒的机会。根据专家的说法，另一个风险是：如果你与人群搏斗，你会很快筋疲力尽）”可知，本段主要讲述要顺着人群走，而不是逆着人群走，A选项“Go with the crowd（跟人群走）”能够概括段落大意，故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Figure the “WAY” out（找出出路）”和下文“Therefore you can potentially angle(斜移)your way out of the situation, experts say. The goal, according to writer Patrick Hutchison, is to get to ‘the edge of the stampede where it’s less likely that you’ll end up stuck at a chokepoint, like a doorway.’（ 因此，专家们表示，你可以从某种角度摆脱这种情况。根据作家帕特里克·哈奇森（Patrick Hutchison）的说法，目标是到达“踩踏事件的边缘，在那里你不太可能被困在一个瓶颈，比如门口”）”可知，此处应该在描述我们要沿着一定的方向移动，找到出路，G选项中“Move in a specific direction（向特定方向移动）”与之相符，故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“people die from asphyxiation（人们死于窒息）”和下文“But a possible way to avoid this is to place your arms in front of you, almost in a boxer—like stance(站立姿势). That could give you some very valuable breathing room and protect your chest（但避免这种情况的一种可能方法是将手臂放在前面，几乎以拳击手的姿势。这可以给你一些非常宝贵的呼吸空间，保护你的胸部）”可知，此处描述的是无法呼吸的情况，E选项中“can’t breathe（不能呼吸）”与“asphyxiation（窒息）”相符，故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Seeing the news of the 2022 Nobel Prize on TV, I can’t help ____21____ a tale about a remarkable physicist, Albert Einstein. When Einstein was a little kid, his father bought him a compass as a gift. He was amazed by it. It was that moment, as Einstein later said, that ____22____ the beginning of his scientific journey. Many other great ____23____ in history had similar stories.
It always amazed me how such an experience could have a huge impact on one’s life. ____24____ Einstein and other science giants, I don’t remember having any particular experience that ____25____ my interest into science. For me, I was not a matter of a single event, but rather many of them.
As a kid I enjoyed spending hours watching stars during summer nights. I tried to see if some of those shining dots displayed certain figures, I found magnetism (磁力) and electricity very interesting too. I didn’t really ____26____ these concepts, but I could play with them.
I showed great interest in physics at school. To learn more about it, I began my undergraduate studies. A lot changed about me at this stage. I still had the same ____27____, but my perspective (思维方式) was widened as I was introduced to many more fascinating parts of ____28____. Consequently, my interest in the field was shaped.
Following my graduation I decided to study abroad. My initial ____29____ was to get an internationally — praised level of education. However, such an experience ____30____ more than that. Most importantly, it meant that I would be in an environment where I could fully immerse (沉浸) myself in my work and subjects of physics.
____31____, I realized what I missed most during my undergraduate studies was ____32____ work. It was a lot more satisfying than just trying to do science on paper. ____33____, my master’s degree study program also gives me these opportunities. I get ____34____ to so many research areas and opportunities for practical work. ____35____ all these experiences, I’ve discovered for myself what I want to be in physics.
21. A. recalling B. writing C. inventing D. publishing
22. A. changed B. marked C. hit D. limited
23. A. medalists B. graduates C. minds D. teachers
24. A. Instead of B. Other than C. In contrast to D. Rather than
25. A. locked B. revived C. maintained D. added
26. A. refuse B. miss C. honor D. understand
27. A. lesson B. passion C. reason D. subject
28. A. compasses B. stars C. papers D. physics
29. A. motivation B. research C. attitude D. application
30. A. took B. required C. proved D. started
31. A. Looking forward B. Looking back C. Turning over D. Turning around
32. A. serious B. countless C. official D. practical
33. A. Undoubtedly B. Possibly C. Naturally D. Fortunately
34. A. devotion B. access C. admission D. relation
35. A. Thanks to B. As for C. In place of D. For lack of
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对物理产生兴趣的经历。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在电视上看到2022年诺贝尔奖的消息时，我不禁想起了一个关于杰出物理学家Albert Einstein的故事。A. recalling回想起；B. writing写；C. inventing发明；D. publishing出版。根据下文“a tale about a remarkable physicist, Albert Einstein”可知，作者回想起一个关于杰出物理学家Albert Einstein的故事。故选A。
22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如爱因斯坦后来所说，正是那一刻标志着他科学之旅的开始。A. changed改变；B. marked标志（重要事件或时刻）；C. hit打击；D. limited限制。根据下文“the beginning of his scientific journey”可知，那一刻标志着他科学之旅的开始。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：历史上许多其他伟大的奖牌得主都有类似的故事。A. medalists奖牌得主；B. graduates毕业生；C. minds智慧；D. teachers老师。根据上文“the news of the 2022 Nobel Prize”可知，此处表示“历史上许多其他伟大的奖牌得主都有类似的故事”。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：与爱因斯坦和其他科学巨人不同，我不记得有什么特别的经历使我对科学产生了兴趣。A. Instead of代替；B. Other than除了；C. In contrast to与……形成对照；D. Rather than而不是。根据下文“I don’t remember having any particular experience that ____5____ my interest into science”可知，作者不记得有什么特别的经历使作者对科学产生了兴趣，这和其他科学巨人不同，因此空格处是“与……形成对照”。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与爱因斯坦和其他科学巨人不同，我不记得有什么特别的经历使我对科学产生了兴趣。A. locked锁；B. revived恢复；C. maintained保持；D. added增加。根据下文“my interest into science”可知，此处表示“我不记得有什么特别的经历使我对科学产生了兴趣”，lock someone/something into something表示“使某人或某事卷入一个系统、计划等，使他们无法轻易逃脱”，此处表示作者的兴趣锁定在科学上。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不太理解这些概念，但我可以和它们玩儿。A. refuse拒绝；B. miss错过；C. honor尊敬；D. understand理解。根据下文“these concepts, but I could play with them”可知，句子表示“我不太理解这些概念，但我可以和它们玩儿”。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然有同样的热情，但我的视野开阔了，因为我被介绍到物理学的许多更迷人的部分。A. lesson课；B. passion热情；C. reason原因；D. subject科目。根据上文“I showed great interest in physics”可知，此处表示“我仍然有同样的热情”。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然有同样的热情，但我的视野开阔了，因为我被介绍到物理学的许多更迷人的部分。A. compasses圆规；B. stars星星；C. papers文件；D. physics物理学。根据上文“I showed great interest in physics”可知，此处表示“我被介绍到物理学的许多更迷人的部分”。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初的动机是获得国际认可的教育水平。A. motivation动机；B. research研究；C. attitude态度；D. application应用。根据下文“to get an internationally—praised level of education”可知，作者最初的动机是获得国际认可的教育水平。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这样的经历证明了不止于此。A. took拿走；B. required要求；C. proved证明；D. started开始。根据下文“Most importantly, it meant that I would be in an environment where I could fully immerse (沉浸) myself in my work and subjects of physics”可知，这样的经历证明了不止于此。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：回首往事，我意识到我在本科期间错过最多的是实际工作。A. Looking forward展望未来；B. Looking back回首；C. Turning over翻身；D. Turning around转身。根据下文“what I missed most during my undergraduate studies was ____12____ work”可知，空格后内容是作者回首往事时意识到的。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回首往事，我意识到我在本科期间错过最多的是实际工作。A. serious严肃的；B. countless无数的；C. official正式的；D. practical实际的。根据下文“so many research areas and opportunities for practical work”可知，作者觉得在本科期间错过最多的是实际工作。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我的硕士学习项目也给了我这些机会。A. Undoubtedly无疑；B. Possibly可能；C. Naturally自然地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据下文“my master’s degree study program also gives me these opportunities”可知，作者的硕士学习项目也给了作者这些机会，这是幸运的。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以接触到很多研究领域和实际工作的机会。A. devotion奉献；B. access获得的机会；C. admission承认；D. relation联系。根据下文“to so many research areas and opportunities for practical work”可知，作者可以接触到很多研究领域和实际工作的机会，get access to是固定短语，意为“可以接触到”。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：多亏了这些经历，我自己发现了我想在物理学中成为什么。A. Thanks to多亏了；B. As for关于；C. In place of代替；D. For lack of因为缺乏。根据下文“I’ve discovered for myself what I want to be in physics”可知，句子表示“多亏了这些经历，我自己发现了我想在物理学中成为什么”。故选A。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题部分(满分65分)
注意：将答案写在答题纸上;写在本试卷上无效。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小心1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese knot is a knot ____36____ is tied and woven from a single length of cord or rope to be various complexity. Each shape has its own meaning. Nowadays you can find them as decoration, gifts for special ____37____ (occasion) and adornments on clothes.
Most Knots are double layered and have two cords entering the knot from the top and two leaving from the bottom. Each kind of knot ____38____ (name) after its shape or the meaning that it carries.
Knot weavers can use a ____39____ (vary) of colors, but they usually weave deep red ones and the color red signifies good fortune
Chinese knots bold emotional value when ____40____ (give) as gifts or passed down through families. For example, in ancient times and even now, lovers may give a knot ____41____ a representation of their love. The ‘true love knot’ and the ‘double happiness knot’ are used at weddings ____42____ (express) mutual love and growing old together in fidelity(忠诚).
Knots are ____43____ means of fastening traditional garments instead of buttons or wooden pegs(挂钩). Now, silk is most ____44____ (wide) used to make these clothing knots and _____45_____ are used as jewelry such as even rings, earrings, bracelets, and necklaces.
【答案】36. that ## which
37. occasions
38. is named
39. variety
40. given 41. as
42. to express
43. a 44. widely
45. they
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要是讲述了中国结的制作，每种中国结的名字由来，中国结在不同场合用处及意义等。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国结是一种用一根绳子或绳子绑成各种复杂程度的结。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a knot，指物，在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
【37题详解】
考查可数名词的复数。句意：如今，你可以把它们当作装饰品、特殊场合的礼物和衣服上的装饰品。occasion表示“时机”，为可数名词，结合句意可知，此处用名词的复数形式表示泛指，故填occasions。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：每种结都是根据其形状或其所承载的意义来命名的。结合句意可知，句子在讲述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语为each kind of knot，谓语动词用三单形式，且与name“命名”之间是被动关系，故填is named。
【39题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：结编织者可以使用多种颜色，但他们通常编织深红色的结，红色表示好运。固定搭配a variety of表示“各种各样的”符合句意，故填variety。
【40题详解】
考查省略句。句意：当作为礼物或通过家庭传递时，中国结具有情感价值。分析句子可知，此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略，省略了主语Chinese knots与be动词are，主语Chinese knots与give之间是被动关系，故完整的句子应为when Chinese knots are given，故填given。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，在古代甚至现在，情侣们可能会打一个结来表示他们的爱情。由句意可知，该空需要介词，表示“作为”，故填as。
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：“真爱结”和“双喜结”在婚礼上用来表达彼此的爱和忠诚地白头偕老。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式表目的，故填to express。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：结是系传统服装的一种方法，而不是纽扣或木栓。根据空后means表示“方式，手段”，为不可数名词，结合句意可知，此处表示单数含义，故用不定冠词表泛指，means为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：现在，丝绸被最广泛地用于制作这些服装结，它们被用作珠宝，如戒指、耳环、手镯和项链。分析句子可知，此处用副词作状语修饰动词used，故填widely。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：现在，丝绸被最广泛地用于制作这些服装结，它们被用作珠宝，如戒指、耳环、手镯和项链。结合句意可知，此处指代knots，且作主语，故填they。
第四部分 单元知识考查(共四节，满分50分)
第一节 单词填空(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)
46. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces to ________ (strength) your leg muscles. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】strengthen
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：为了避免膝盖疼痛，你可以在柔软的地面上跑步，以加强腿部肌肉。结合句意及空前的不定式符号to以及空后的名词your leg muscles可知应填动词形式strengthen，to strengthen your leg muscles为不定式作目的状语。故填strengthen。
47. Too many ________(失败) have weakened him of his confidence.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】failures
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：太多失败削弱了他的信心。根据汉语提示“失败”及空前的Too many及空后的have weakened可知，此处应填名词的复数形式failures，作主语，此处的failure为抽象名词具体化。故填failures。
48. The animal protection organization is calling for a ________ (globe) ban on whaling. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】global
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个动物保护组织呼吁在全球范围内禁止捕鲸。形容词修饰名词ban作定语，globe形容词是global，故填global。
49. After the speech, the president took questions from an ________(观众)that included many foreign policy experts. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】audience
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：演讲结束后，总统接受包括许多外交政策专家在内的听众提问。不定冠词后用可数名词单数，根据汉语提示“观众”是audience。an audience表示观众群众，故填audience。
50. White has always been a ________ (象征，标志) of purity in Western cultures. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】symbol
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在西方文化中，白色一直是纯洁的象征。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用名词symbol，由空前的不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填symbol。
51. Scientists say thousands of animals get ________ (trap) in the floating waste, which results in death. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】trapped
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家说，成千上万的动物被困在漂浮的垃圾中，最终死亡。动词trap表示“困住”，结合句意可知，主语thousands of animals表示“成千上万的动物”与trap之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式，故填trapped。
52. Please accept this gift in ____________(appreciate) of all you have done for us.
【答案】appreciation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了感谢你为我们所做的一切，请收下这份礼物。in appreciation of感激，用名词appreciation作宾语。故填appreciation。
53. The ________(救援) attempt was frustrated by bad weather. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】rescue
【解析】
【详解】考查不可数名词。句意：拯救行动因天气恶劣受阻。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处用名词rescue，作定语，修饰名词attempt，表示“救援行动”。故填rescue。
54. The government has declared a state of ________(紧急情况) following the tsunami. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】emergency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：海啸过后，政府宣布进入紧急状态。“紧急情况”是emergency，a state of emergency意为“紧急状态”，因此空格处是emergency。故填emergency。
55. A late arrival ________ (slide) into his seat when the movie had already started. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】slid
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：电影已经开始时，一个迟到的人悄悄地溜到了他的座位上。结合句意和had started可知，句子在讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填slid。
第二节 短语填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。
sweep away in ruins ups and downs date back to
on hand work out bridge the gap make a difference
compare...with in shock now and then point of view
56. This war-torn city was let ________.
57. I’m still ________ after hearing that bad news.
58. Where you live will surely ________ to the way you feel.
59. Learn to understand things from another person’s ________.
60. ________ face-to-face communication，books often provide a better medium for changing people’s beliefs.
61. You need to lift your head ________ when you’re reading, which is good for your eyes.
62. Representatives of the two parties met to _________ a proposal.
63. This temple has a long history ________ the early period of the Tang Dynasty.
64. The course of life never runs smoothly, for it is full of ________ and twists and turns.
65. The rainstorm had ended and the gray mist and clouds had been ________ in the night by the wind.
【答案】56. in ruins
57. in shock
58. make a difference
59. point of view
60. Compared with
61. now and then
62. work out
63. dating back to
64. ups and downs
65. swept away
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：这个饱受战争摧残的城市成了一片废墟。固定短语in ruins表示“沦为废墟”，在句中作was的表语，故填in ruins。
【57题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：听到那个坏消息后我很震惊。介词短语in shock表示“震惊”，作am的表语，故填in shock。
【58题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：你住的地方肯定会对你的感觉产生影响。动词短语make a difference表示“产生影响，起作用”，空前有will，故用动词原形，故填make a difference。
【59题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：学会从他人的角度理解事情。固定搭配from one’s point of view表示“从某人的角度”，空前有another person’s，故填point of view。
【60题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：与面对面交流相比，书籍往往为改变人们的信仰提供了更好的媒介。结合句意可知，此处用compare with表示“与……作比较”，分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词provide，且与compare之间无连词，此处用非谓语动词，主语books与compare之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式，且首字母大写，故填Compared with。
【61题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：阅读时，你需要不时抬起头，这对你的眼睛有好处。固定短语now and then表示“不时”，在句中作时间状语，故填now and then。
【62题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：两党代表开会拟定了一项提案。动词短语work out表示“拟定”，分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式表目的，且空前有to，故用动词原形，故填work out。
【63题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：这座寺庙历史悠久，可以追溯到唐朝早期。动词短语date back to表示“追溯到”，此处用为非谓语动词形式作定语，This temple与date back to之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，故填dating back to。
【64题详解】
考查名词短语。句意：人生的道路从来不会是平坦的，因为它充满了起起落落和曲折。名词短语ups and downs表示“起起落落”与twists and turns并列作介词of的宾语，故填ups and downs。
【65题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：暴风雨结束了，灰色的雾和云在夜里被风吹散了。动词sweep away表示“吹散”，结合句意可知，主语the gray mist and clouds“灰色的雾和云”与sweep away之间是被动关系，且空前有been，故用过去分词形式，故填swept away。
第三节 词形转换(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
词性转换
66. refer —________ (n.)
67. equal — ________ (adv.)
68. describe —________ (n.)
69. sweat —________ (adj.)
70. dry —________ (n.干旱)
71. destroy —________ (n.)
72. compete —________ (adj.)
73. survive —________ (n.幸存者)
74. injure —________ (n.)
75. honor —________ (adj.光荣的;高尚的)
【答案】66. reference
67. equally
68. description
69. sweaty 70. drought
71. destruction
72. competitive
73. survivor
74. injury 75. honorable
【解析】
【66题详解】
refer“参考”，动词，其名词形式是reference“参考”，故答案是reference。
【67题详解】
equal“平等的”，形容词，变副词是在形容词后面加ly，其副词形式是equally“平等地”，故答案是equally。
【68题详解】
describe“描绘”，动词，其名词形式是description“描述，形容词”，故答案是description。
【69题详解】
sweat“汗水”，名词，其形容词形式是sweaty“出汗的”，故答案是sweaty。
70题详解】
dry“干的”，形容词，其名词形式是drought“干旱”，故答案drought。
【71题详解】
destroy“摧毁”，动词，其名词形式是destruction“破坏，摧毁”，故答案destruction。
【72题详解】
compete“竞争”，动词，其形容词形式是competitive“有竞争的”，故答案是competitive。
【73题详解】
survive“幸存”，动词，其名词形式是survivor“幸存者”，故答案是survivor。
【74题详解】
injure“损害”，动词，其名词形式是injury“伤害”，故答案是injury。
【75题详解】
honor“荣誉”，名词，其形容词形式是honorable“光荣的”，故答案是honorable。
第四节 按要求完成句了翻译(共5小题;每小题4分，满分20分)
76. 无论发生什么，你都应该保持冷静。（让步状语从句）（汉译英）
【答案】Whatever happens, you should stay calm.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，让步状语从句，固定短语和主谓一致。根据句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“无论发生什么”是whatever happens，是whatever引导的让步状语从句，“你都应该保持冷静”是you should stay calm，因此整句话翻译为“Whatever happens, you should stay calm”。故答案为Whatever happens, you should stay calm.
77. 洪水袭击了村庄，使得道路受损，难以运送食物和物资。(现在分词作结果状语；strike) （汉译英）
【答案】Flood has stricken the villages, leaving the roads damaged and making it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和现在分词作状语。“洪水袭击了村庄”用现在完成时，“袭击”是strike，“洪水袭击了村庄”翻译为flood has stricken the villages，“使得道路受损”用现在分词作结果状语，翻译为leaving the roads damaged，“难以运送食物和物资”也就是“使得运送食物和物资变得困难”，用现在分词作状语，“使做某事困难”是make it difficult to do，“运送食物和物资”是deliver food and supplies，因此整句话翻译为“Flood has stricken the villages, leaving the roads damaged and making it difficult to deliver food and supplies”。故答案为Flood has stricken the villages, leaving the roads damaged and making it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
78. 她坐在窗边，陷入沉思。（过去分词作伴随状语；bury）（汉译英）
【答案】She sat by the window, buried in thought.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词和固定短语。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“She”作句子主语，句首单词首字母大写，“sit by the window”表示“坐在窗边”，“sit”的过去式为“sat”，“She sat by the window”表示“她坐在窗边”，“be buried in…”意为“专心于……”，“be buried in thought”表示“陷入沉思”，句中要求用过去分词作伴随状语，故用过去分词短语“buried in thought”表示“陷入沉思”，作伴随状语。故翻译为She sat by the window, buried in thought.
79. 有没有能帮我改善书法的方法？(关系代词引导的限制性定语从句；calligraphy) （汉译英）
【答案】Is there any way that can help me improve my calligraphy？
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。此处用there be的一般疑问句表示“有没有”，way表示“方式，方法”，作为先行词，在定语从句中作主语，故用that来引导从句，help sb do表示“帮助某人做某事”，improve表示“提高”，句子陈述目前的情况，应用一般现在时。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Is there any way that can help me improve my calligraphy?
80. 地震后，人们迫切地寻找住处，在那里安顿下来。(关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句；shelter) （汉译英）
【答案】After the earthquake, people were desperate to find shelters, where they could settle down.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和定语从句。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“地震后”是after the earthquake，“迫切地做某事”是be desperate to do sth.，“寻找住处”是find shelters，“在那里安顿下来”用where引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词shelters，“安顿下来”是settle down，“在那里安顿下来”翻译为where they could settle down，因此整句话翻译为“After the earthquake, people were desperate to find shelters, where they could settle down”。故答案为After the earthquake, people were desperate to find shelters, where they could settle down.
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