【期中真题】陕西省西安市2022~2023学年高二上学期期中检测英语试题.zip

2022-2023学年度高二第一学期期中检测

2024届英语试题

注意事项：

1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;

2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上;

3.试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟;

4.测试范围;人教新课标U1-U4。

第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)

A

Highest Mountains in the World

Mount Kilimanjaro

Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant(休眠的)volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa. Its summit is 5, 895 meters above sea level. Located in Tanzania, it is the largest free-standing mountain rise in the world, meaning it is not part of a mountain range. Kilimanjaro is made up of three volcanoes: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Kibo is the summit of the mountain and the tallest of the three volcanic formations. While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.

Mount Everest

Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world. Its summit is 8, 848. 86 meters above sea level. It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China. The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.

Denali

Denali is the highest mountain in North America. Its summit is 6, 193 meters above sea level. It is located in the USA, in the state of Alaska. “Denali” comes from Koyukon, a traditional native Alaskan language, and means “the tall one”. This name had been used for many generations and was used by early non-native researchers and naturalists. But in 1896, William A. Dickey, a prospector(探矿者), began calling Denali “Mount McKinley”, in honor of William McKinley, a presidential candidate at the time.

Mount Vinson

Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. Its summit is 5, 140 meters above sea level. It is located in the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, near the base of the Palmer Peninsula in western Antarctica. Mount Vinson is part of the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. It was spotted from the air by U. S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.

1. Why is Kibo the most dangerous one among the three volcanoes?

A. It is the highest of the three volcanoes.

B. It is covered with snow all through the year.

C. It is home to a great number of wild animals.

D It is likely to erupt again sometimes in the future.

2. Which mountain stands between two countries?

A. Mount Kilimanjaro. B. Denali.

C. Mount Everest. D. Mount Vinson.

3. Who was the first to discover Mount Vinson?

A. An American. B. An Australian.

C. A Frenchman. D. A Japanese.

B

People generally like to pick out the best-looking fruits and vegetables when shopping for produce (农产品), but Canadian supermarket chain Loblaws is attracting customers with badly-shaped and faulty produce at the price of 30% lower than normal-looking one.

A trial run of the ugly food line, named “Naturally Imperfect”, began with only apples and potatoes to choose from. Consumer demand has been so huge that Loblaws is going to introduce more ugly vegetables and fruits like onions and mushrooms.

All the produce that will be sold through Naturally Imperfect would otherwise have been used in juices, sauces, or soups, or have not been harvested at all. The director Dan Branson explained that this program benefited both food producers who would otherwise have to let abnormal produce go to waste, and consumers who could buy fresh produce at low prices. And he was right, given how popular the line has become.

“It really went well beyond our expectation,” Branson said. “I think it really spoke to the fact that Canadians are out there really looking for some options.”

Of course, Canadians know that beauty is more than skin deep, and they also recognize that they can get the same flavor and nutritional benefits in spite of appearances. The positive response (响应) to the initial offering of apples and potatoes showed the opportunity to expand the line and offer more options at a greater price to Canadian families.

“If you grow produce in your backyard, there will be a lot of produce that won’t look as pretty as what you will see in a grocery store”, said Branson. “And nature doesn’t grow everything perfectly. I’d like to think if somebody were to take a No Name Naturally Imperfect apple, put it right beside a No. 1 apple, close his eyes and eat them, there would be no difference.”

4. Loblaws is different from other supermarkets in that _______.

A. more fruits are offered at lower prices

B. normal-looking produce is forbidden there

C. imperfect produce is sold at lower prices there

D. only apples and potatoes are sold every day

5. According to Paragraph 3, Loblaws’s program _______.

A. prevents people from wasting their food

B. happens to be a win-win mode

C. teaches food producers how to grow

D. enables consumers to eat more fresh produce

6 What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?

A. Canadians are used to eating perfect produce.

B. Smart consumers know the importance of ugly produce.

C. Loblaws intends to improve customers’ quality of life.

D. Customers’ support promotes the development of the ugly food line.

7. What do Branson’s words in the last paragraph mainly tell us?

A. We should eat imperfect apples with our eyes closed.

B. The world is usually full of imperfect things.

C. Imperfect fruits are as tasty and nutritious as perfect ones.

D. The fruits grown by ourselves are more nutritious than those in the store.

C

Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching one has been the inevitable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.

It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once considered suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.

We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament (装饰) to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are’.”

Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.

Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.

8. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the first two paragraphs?

A. English-language newspapers with more arts coverage sell well.

B. Young readers nowadays enjoy reading high-quality arts criticism.

C. The criticism published in the 20th century lacked learned contents.

D. There were more arts reviews in English-language newspapers in the past.

9. Based on the third paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The newsprint was too cheap to make profits.

B. Not all writers were capable of journalistic writing.

C. Arts criticism was removed from the print newspapers.

D. Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.

10. Why was Cardus’s criticism no longer popular?

A Because he mainly wrote essays on the game of cricket.

B. Because people cast doubt on his reputation as a knight.

C. Because his music criticism failed to appeal to readers nowadays.

D. Because his works were quite amateur rather than professional.

11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A. The Distinguished Critics in Memory B. The Lost Horizon in Newspapers

C. The Shortage of Literary Geniuses D. The Newspapers of the Good Old Days

D

The environmental practices of big businesses are shaped by a fundamental fact that offends our sense of justice. A business may maximize the amount of money it makes by damaging the environment and hurting people. When government regulation is effective, and the public is environmentally aware, environmentally clean big businesses may out-compete dirty ones, but the reverse is likely to be true if government regulation is ineffective and the public doesn’t care.

It is easy to blame a business for helping itself by hurting other people. But blaming alone is unlikely to produce change. It ignores the fact that businesses are not charities but profit-making companies, and they are under obligation to maximize profits for shareholders by legal means.

Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public for creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the public, either directly or through its politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal, and to make sustainable environmental policies profitable.

The public can do that by accusing businesses of harming them. The public may also make their opinion felt by choosing to buy sustainably harvested products; by preferring their governments to award valuable contracts to businesses with a good environmental track record; and by pressing their governments to pass and enforce laws and regulations requiring good environmental practices.

In turn big businesses can exert powerful pressure on any suppliers that might ignore public or government pressure. For instance, after the US public became concerned about the spread of a disease, transmitted to humans through infected meat, the US government introduced rules demanding that the meat industry abandon practices associated with the risk of the disease spreading. But the meat packers refused to follow these, claiming that they would be too expensive to obey. However, when a fast-food company made the same demands after customer purchases of its hamburgers dropped, the meat industry followed immediately. The public’s task is therefore to identify which links in the supply chain are sensitive to public pressure.

Some readers may be disappointed or outraged that I place the ultimate responsibility for business practices harming the public on the public itself. I also believe that the public must accept the necessity for higher prices for products to cover the added costs of sound environmental practices. My views may seem to ignore the belief that businesses should act in accordance with moral principles even if this leads to a reduction in their profits. But I think we have to recognize that, throughout human history, government regulation has arisen precisely because it was found that not only did moral principles need to be made explicit, they also needed to be enforced.

My conclusion is not a moralistic one about who is right or wrong, admirable or selfish. I believe that changes in public attitudes are essential for changes in businesses’ environmental practices.

12. The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that environmental damage__________.

A. is the result of ignorance of the public

B. requires political action if it is to be stopped

C. can be prevented by the action of ordinary people

D. can only be stopped by educating business leaders

13. In Paragraph 4, the writer describes ways in which the public can__________.

A. reduce their own individual impact on the environment

B. learn more about the impact of business on the environment

C. raise awareness of the effects of specific environmental disasters

D. influence the environmental policies of businesses and governments

14. What pressure was given by big business in the case of the disease mentioned in Paragraph 5?

A. Meat packers stopped supplying hamburgers to fast-food chains.

B. Meat packers persuaded the government to reduce their expenses.

C. A fast-food company forced their meat suppliers to follow the law.

D. A fast-food company encouraged the government to introduce regulations.

15. What would be the best heading for this passage?

A. Will the world survive the threat caused by big businesses?

B. How can big businesses be encouraged to be less driven by profit?

C. What environmental dangers are caused by the greed of businesses?

D. Are big businesses to blame for the damage they cause to the environment?

第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)

Beating Burnout and Compassion Fatigue in the New Year

This year has continued to bring many of us closer to the pain, suffering and exhaustion of those experiencing burnout and compassion fatigue (疲倦). There is no doubt that 2021 has been filled with additional challenges. ___16___

The data is clearly showing that our workforce shares feelings of burnout. A recent Gallup report indicated that 67% of us feel burned out either some or most of the time. At an organizational level, Hogan reports that burned out employees are 18% less productive and 2.6 times more likely to be actively seeking a different job.

Fatigue and burnout arise not when we fail to get sufficient rest but when we fail to appreciate the moments of purpose and joy in our lives.

There are a few myths around burnout and compassion fatigue:

Myth 1: Burnout is an individual's problem.

Many people believe that burnout is about an individual who needs to “figure it out”. ___17___ Team structure offers critical support and leaders should create environment where team burnout is addressed.

Myth 2: ___18___

Surprisingly, the individuals most likely to experience burnout are committed employees and leaders who love their job and are highly engaged. These top performers are the people you are most likely to lose.

Myth 3: People who experience burnout are just less resilient.

Research shows a correlation between higher levels of resilience (复原力) and lower levels of burnout. ___19___ But resilience looks very different now from five years ago, and my guess is that it will continue to shift.

If 2021 has taught us anything, it is that we cannot separate burnout from our emotions, whether they may be fear, anger, shame or guilt. ___20___

A. While fatigue is more sudden and results from carrying the pain and suffering of others, what we experience is similar.

B. Burnout results from lack of responsibility.

C. Burnout hurts individuals' enthusiasm and passion.

D. At this point, burnout and compassion fatigue has expanded into many aspects of our lives.

E. But burnout occurs at different levels and is the result from challenges to individuals, teams and organizations.

F. At one point, people believed resilience was established by “sucking it up”, or “just staying positive”.

G. And the path forward requires us to deepen the relationship with feelings of joy, passion, pride and fulfillment.

第二部分语言知识应用(共60分)

第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)

Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy that uses dance, drama, music, poetry, and art to enhance one's overall well－being. The arts are used to let go, ___21___ and to release.

People have been using the arts as tools for ___22___for many centuries. In the early 1940's expressive arts therapy became formally ___23___ and has since provided meaningful therapeutic ___24___ for people of all ages in a variety of treatment settings. There is no right or wrong way in the arts and clients are encouraged to be ___25___ with self－expression. Expressive arts therapy focuses on the ___26___ of making art and exploring ___27___ the piece means to the individual, ___28___ the final product.

Through the arts, people can ___29___ ideas and feelings that may be hard to put into words, such as negative memories and stress. It has been ___30___ that use of the arts can help people develop social skills, ___31___ anxiety, manage behavior, and increase self－confidence. A free form of expression makes clients ___32___ of their own work by reducing the need to compare themselves to others, an unfortunate problem seen today.

Expressive arts therapists are professionally ___33___. Anyone can be an expressive art therapist provided that they get the appropriate training. Knowledge in psychology is ___34___ to all training, but from there training ___35___ includes getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing (实施) the art, music, poetry, and dance/movement therapeutically. Some professionals extend their ___36___ and obtain a PhD in expressive therapy.

___37___ expressive arts therapy is unique, the clinical goal is ___38___ to other mental health professions. This ___39___ is to facilitate clients' growth and ___40___ change.

21. A. admit B. express C. examine D. trust

22 A. explaining B. proving C. healing D. judging

23. A. recognized B. relieved C. affected D. controlled

24. A. results B. experiences C. causes D. questions

25. A. angry B. bored C. strict D. free

26. A. secret B. technique C. difficulty D. process

27. A. when B. which C. what D. where

28. A. as to B. or rather C. rather than D. other than

29. A. communicate B. produce C. reject D. test

30. A. offered B. shown C. guided D. driven

31. A. create B. feel C. reduce D. recall

32. A. tired B. proud C. afraid D. unaware

33. A. hired B. served C. awarded D. trained

34. A. basic B. enough C. impossible D. strange

35. A. finally B. typically C. luckily D. hardly

36. A. visit B. life C. education D. money

37. A. If B. Although C. Unless D. Since

38. A. unequal B. friendly C. known D. similar

39. A. goal B. profession C. clinic D. theory

40. A. unwelcome B. seasonal C. positive D. cultural

第二节(每小题1分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。

Visits to Red tourism attractions are expected to rise this year as the Communist Party of China (CPC) celebrates the 100th anniversary of ____41____ (it) founding. Their increasing popularity will not only ____42____ (strength) people’s knowledge of CPC history, but also bring significant economic ____43____ (benefit).

____44____ (recognize) as one of the most important revolutionary bases in China, Yan’an is home to 445 memorial sites. The city’s Red tourism market ____45____ (receive) 1.6 million visitors and recorded nearly 1.5 billion yuan during the past national day holiday.

“I’m quite lucky that I was born after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, but I never forget what my father told me about their hard life in the war,” Zhao Yanping, a 67-year-old visitor from Zhejiang province, said. “He told me to be grateful to the CPC, without it we could not live such ____46____ good life nowadays.”

Yang Guangyuan, director of Yan’an’s publicity department, mentioned the ____47____ (big) attraction of Yan’an is the spirit, ____48____ has been passed down by generations of CPC members. “In the past 100 years, the CPC ____49____ (grow) from weak to strong, leading China’s revolution to get out of difficulty.” he said. The city now has its traditions well protected while looking forward to ____50____ (build) an energetic future.

第三节(每小题1分，共20分)

51. The teacher’s explanation _________(澄清) the puzzling problem. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

52. The police have completed their ________ (调查) into the accident. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）

53. Yesterday three scientists came to a university where they were given a___________(盛大的) welcome. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)

54. We’re looking for someone with experience in __________ (管理). （根据汉语意思填空）

55. In some ________(情况) people have had to wait several weeks for an appointment. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）

56. An__________(编辑) is a person who is in charge of a newspaper, magazine, etc. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

57. The ________(过程) can be painful but it leads to greater self-awareness (自我意识). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

58. With his attention________（集中）on his book, he didn't even look up when we came in.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）

59. We should make a good ________ (印象) on our teachers on the first school day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

60. You should _________ (告知) your partners of the changes about the plans. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

61. First, we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from __________ (expose) to the cold and radiation. (所给词的适当形式填空)

62. Still, continuing ________ (challenge) yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help. （所给词的适当形式填空）

63. It’s beyond ________(describe). Nowhere else in the world can there be such a beautiful and magnificent view. （所给词的适当形式填空）

64. The civil war broke out in Libya, ______(contribute) to the instability of the international oil price. (所给词的适当形式填空)

65. —Whal is wrong with our campus network?

—I don’t know. It may ________(link) to the electrical circuit. （所给词的适当形式填空）

66. We __________ (eager) wait for the sound of the engines. （用所给单词适当形式填空）

67. She suggests that women are under________(constantly) pressure to be abnormally thin. （所给词的适当形式填空）

68. He _________ (accuse) of cheating and was sentenced to ten years in prison. (所给词的适当形式填空)

69. Advances in technology ________(combine) with policies have created an interconnected world.（所给词的适当形式填空）

70. ________(surround)by a crowd of fans, Jackie couldn’t move a bit. (所给词的适当形式填空)

第四部分写作(共两节，20分)

第一节短文改错(10小题，共10分)

71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

The famous environmentalist, Professor Jin , was invited deliver a speech in our school last Friday. He started with an universally accepted theory explaining how the Earth began. We were shocking that there were so many kinds of living thing on the planet long time ago. However, he also showed how the appearance of some species happened later. It was human activities that large changed the global environment. He pointed out we should attach importance to protect the environment. It decided that we were able to continue to live on this planet in the future. I was deeply impressed by her speech. I think of it is important to protect our only home.

第二节书面表达(满分10分)

72. 最近你班将举行一场题为Life in the future的讨论会，请根据以下要点，写一篇一百词左右的发言稿。

1.随着医学的发展，人类的平均寿命将会达到120岁。

2.由于新能源的出现，污染问题将得到控制。

3.人们的日常生活也将有很大的变化。如机器人可以为你做家务；椅子的颜色能够随着你所穿的衣服而改变；人们可以到月球上去度假。

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