【期中真题】广东省广州市天河区华南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题.zip

这是一份【期中真题】广东省广州市天河区华南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题.zip，文件包含期中真题广东省广州市天河区华南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题原卷版docx、期中真题广东省广州市天河区华南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共47页， 欢迎下载使用。

华南师大附中2022—2023学年第一学期期中考试
高二英语
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共12页，满分100分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的班别、姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区城内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的平整。
一、听力理解（共15小题，每小题0.5分，满分7.5分）
每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听第一段对话，回答第1~3三个小题。
1 Why does the woman say her parents are strict with her?
A. Because they force her to keep away from all her friends.
B. Because they forbid her to go out from Monday to Friday.
C. Because they do not allow her to choose her clothes herself.
2. What do the woman’s parents pay more attention to?
A. Her sleep B. Her friends. C. Her freedom.
3. What does the woman think of the man’s parents?
A. They are stricter.
B. They are more reliable.
C. They are more understanding.
听第二段对话，回答第4~6三个小题。
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Marketing strategies. B. Quality control. C. Brand loyalty.
5. Why do the speakers want to develop the older age group?
A. Because the old need sports shoes very much.
B. Because the young are not fond of sports shoes at all.
C. Because the youth market will become small in the future.
6. Why do older customers feel like this product according to the woman?
A. Because its “sports” side is emphasised in the advertising.
B. Because it is high-quality and low-priced.
C. Because it can be used for casual and leisure purposes.
听第三段对话，回答第7~9三个小题。
7. What docs the woman major in?
A. Psychology. B. Biology. C. Chemistry.
8. How is the distance learning course different from traditional courses?
A. The professor videotapes class lectures for review.
B. Students are not required to attend regular class lectures.
C. Classes are held out at various locations throughout the area.
9. What does the man think is the major advantage of the distance learning course?
A. It doesn’t require any examinations.
B. It shows more flexibility in students, schedules.
C. It allows the students to meet more friends from other universities.
听第四段独白，回答第10~12三个小题。
10. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Link between stress and colds.
B. Link between exercise and colds.
C. Link between environment and colds.
11. Why do some people catch colds more often than others according to the recent studies?
A. Because they lack exercise and sleep.
B. Because they often suffer from too much pressure.
C. Because they often breathe in more cold viruses than fresh air.
12. What can we learn from the monologue?
A. The study in 1991 found that mental stress could make people catch colds easily.
B. People allowed to take pan in the recent studies are from 8 to 55.
C. People having difficulties with friends arc to get colds more easily.
听第五段对话，回答第13~15三个小题。
13. What was the woman’s pay when she worked at the post office?
A. $8 per hour. B. $5 per hour. C. $3 per hour.
14. What does Professor Jamison’s assistant need to do at work?
A. Grade homework sets.
B. Teach an economic course.
C. Write homework results down.
15. What will one learn working as professor Jamison’s assistant?
A. How to arrange time reasonably.
B. How to get along with others.
C. How to improve his computer skills.
二、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
1. With that thought in mind, Pruitt __________ a plan and posted it on the community website.
A. came up with B. came down with C. came across D. came out
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A. came up with提出；B.came down with付钱；染上病；C. came across偶然遇见；D.came out出来。根据后文 “a plan and posted it on the community website” 指想出了一个计划，come up with符合语境。故选A。
2. The mother didn’t put the blame __________ the little boy __________ breaking the glass, saying she herself was __________.
A. on; for; to blame B. for, on; to blame
C. on; for; to be blamed D. for, on; to be blamed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：母亲没有把打碎杯子的责任推到小男孩身上，她说应该怪她自己。put the blame on sb. for sth.“因为某事责备某人”是固定短语，be to blame“被责备”是固定短语，且为主动形式表示被动含义，根据句意，故填A。
3. Seeing her father come back, ______________.
A. tears ran down her cheeks B. Her tears ran out
C. she burst into tears D. She burst into crying
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】试题分析：考查句子结构。句意：看到爸爸回来了，她突然哭起来了。前面是现在分词做状语，说明主句的主语是现在分词动作的发出者，就是she，再结合固定短语：burst into tears/burst out crying，注意she的首字母要小写，故选C。
考点：考查句子结构
点评：有的题目可以有解题技巧的，找到关键之处，可以快捷的找到答案，象这道题关键是找到分词的逻辑主语。
4. —My schedule is quite __________.
—I could arrange to meet with you any day next week.
A. accessible B. flexible C. sensible D. responsible
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：——我的日程安排很灵活。——我可以安排下周的任何一天与你见面。A. accessible可接近的；B. flexible灵活的；C. sensible明智的；D. responsible负责任的。根据后文时间状语any day next week可知，我可以在下周任何一天见面，说明我的时间安排很灵活。故选B项。
5. He __________ the shop while the manager was away.
A. was taken charge of B. was taken charge for
C. was put in charge of D. was put in the charge of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经理不在时，他被安排负责这家商店。take charge of意为“负责”；take charge for意为“对……负责”；put…in charge of意为“安排……负责”。空格处在主句中作谓语，根据时间状语while the manager was away可知，应用一般过去时，主语He和动词短语put...in charge of之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选C项。
6. When caught _____ in the exam, he begged for the teacher’s pardon and tried ______ punishment.
A. cheating; escaping B. to be cheating; to escape
C. cheating; to escape D. to be cheating; escaping
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在考试作弊被抓着的时候，他乞求老师原谅并试图逃脱惩罚。根据句意可知，抓住的时候正在作弊，现在分词表进行，因此，第一空用cheating形式，try to do sth试图做某事，这是个固定用法。故选C。
7. Some top American universities __________ Asian-American applicants access, using race as a factor.
A. are accused for denying B. are accused for removing
C. are accused of denying D. are accused of removing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意：一些美国顶尖大学被指控以种族为由拒绝亚裔申请者入学。accuse for为固定搭配，意为“把某事归罪于”；accuse of 为固定搭配，意为“控告”；deny为动词意为“否认”；remove为动词，意为“移除”。结合句意“控告”应用动词短语accuse of，根据句意应用一般现在时，主语universities和accuse of之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态are accused of，根据句意“否认”应用动词deny，作介词of的宾语应用动名词denying。故选C项。
8. In the modern information age, one can’t avoid __________ by various kinds of advertisements.
A. surrounded B. surrounding C. being surrounded D. to be surrounded
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在现代信息时代，人们无法避免被各种各样的广告包围。avoid doing sth.为固定用法，意为“避免做某事”，排除A项和D项，one和surround为被动关系，需用动名词的被动式。故选C。
9. ______ his office, he picked up the phone and made one phone after another.
A. On arriving at B. As soon as arriving
C. Upon he arrived at D. On arrival
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语及介词。句意：他一到办公室，就拿起电话打个不停。A. On arriving at一到……；B. As soon as arriving无此表达；C. Upon he arrived at无此表达；D. On arrival一到……。本题考查on/upon +doing/n.一…… 就……，“达到某地”为arrive at + n.故选A项。
【点睛】本题考查on/upon doing/n.与as soon as的区别
on/upon是介词，后接名词或者动名词作宾语，短语on/upon doing/n意为“一……就……”
as soon as是连词，引导时间状语从句，后接句子，意为“一……就……”
例如：
1. On/Upon arriving, he began to do his work.一到他就开始工作。
2. He began to do his work as soon as he arrived. 一到他就开始工作。
10. A wise mother will never get herself into the state of her children __________ to the slightest possibility of danger.
A. exposing B. exposed C. being exposed D. to be exposed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词的被动式。句意：明智的母亲决不会让她的孩子置身于一丁点儿危险之中。介词of后跟动名词作宾语，her children是动名词的逻辑主语，且her children和expose之间是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。故选C。
11. —What do you think brought him the success?
—Well, __________.
A. he was determined B. his being determined
C. because of his determination D. as he was determined
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：——你认为是什么使他成功的？——嗯，是他的坚定意志。结合问句“What do you think brought him the success?”可知，此处指“他的坚定意志使他成功”，空处是作主语，省略了后面的谓语和宾语部分“brought him the success”，只用B项动名词短语能作主语，故选B。
12. My sister has been in Shanghai for a year. However, she doesn’t think she will ever
_______ to the fast pace of life there.
A. adapt B. adopt C. contribute D. add
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我姐姐在上海已经一年了。然而，她认为自己永远无法适应那里快节奏的生活。A.adapt适应； B.adopt 收养；C.contribute 促进；D.add增加。由句意“我姐姐在上海已经一年了”与however(然而)构成的转折关系可知，她认为自己无法“适应”那里的快节奏生活，短语adapt to表示“适应……”，故选A项。

13. It is generally advised that we __________ take in food high in protein.
A. would B. might C. must D. should
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：通常建议我们应该吃高蛋白的食物。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，advised表示“建议”，故that引导的主语从句用虚拟语气，即谓语部分用“should+动词原形”，故选D。
14. I was in a nightclub in Brixton and a fight __________.
A. broke in B. broke out C. broke down D. broke up
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当时我在Brixton的一家夜总会里，那里发生了一场斗殴。A. broke in插嘴，闯入；B. broke out(不愉快之事)爆发，突然发生；C. broke down发生故障，分解；D. broke up分手，结束。根据“a fight”可知，此处指发生了一场斗殴，broke out符合题意。故选B。
15. _______football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
A. What B. Whether C. That D. Which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：足球是一项如此简单的运动，这可能是它流行的基础。分析句子可知，is是谓语动词。______football is such a simple game to play是主语，因此空白处引导主语从句；主语从句中football是主语，is是系动词，game是表语，句子不差成分，因此用that引导主语从句。故选C。
16. __________ ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just what worries the public.
A. If B. What C. Whether D. Which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：能否找到阻止污染的方法正是公众所担心的。固定搭配：whether…or not“是或不是”；该句是连词whether引导的主语从句。故选C。
17. Exactly______ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
A. whether B. why
C. when D. how
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句的连接词。句意：准确的说，土豆是什么时候被传到欧洲的还不确定，但是可能在1565年左右。此处when引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，在从句中作时间状语。故选C。
【点睛】从句分多种，主语从句在考试中也是很常见的，要注意主语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当主语时，这个句子就称之为主语从句。根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句。从而来选出合适的连接词。

18. ________ he might be right is ________ frightens me.
A. That; what B. It; that C. Which; it D. How; what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我害怕的是他可能是对的。分析句子结构可知，第一个空引导主语从句he might be right，从句结构和句意完整，所以用只起连接作用而没有实义的that引导；第二个空引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，结合句意，让我害怕的是“他可能是对的”这件事，所以用表示“……的东西”的连接代词what引导，故选A。
19. In many ways, the magic of AI is ________ it’s not something you can see or touch.
A. whether B. what
C. that D. why
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：在很多方面，人工智能的神奇之处在于它不是你能看见或触摸到的。“____ it’s not something you can see or touch”是表语从句，该从句意思和结构完整，解释人工智能的神奇之处在何处，故应用that引导该从句。故选C。
【点睛】本题考查名词性从句，首先判断属于哪种名词性从句，再判断从句缺少什么成分，如果缺少主宾表，用what，不缺少成分和意思用that，缺少疑问词根据句意判断。
20. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was ______ his father had expected.
A. why B. how C. that D. what
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他努力学习，后来成为一个著名的作家，这是他父亲所期望的。分析句子可知，was后接表语从句，从句中缺少宾语吗，所以由what来充当宾语。故选D项。
三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the comer of my desk is a note, slowly yellowing from time. It is a card from my mother, containing only four sentences, but with enough impact to ____21____ my life forever. In it, she praises my abilities as a writer. Each sentence is full of ____22____. The word “but” never appears on the card;____23____, the word “and” is there many times. Every time I read it, I am ____24____ to ask myself how many times I’ve “but-ted” my own daughters.
Although our eldest daughter ____25____ got all A’s on her report card, teachers would always suggest that she talked too much in class. I always forgot to ask them if she was making improvements.____26____，I would greet her with, “Congratulations! Your Dad and I are very ____27____, but could you try to talk less in class?”
The same was ____28____of our younger daughter. Like her sister, she is a lovely and bright child. She also treats the floor of her room as a closet, which has often caused me to say, “Yes, that project is great, but ____29____ your room!”. I’ve noticed that parents constantly do the same thing. “The hockey team won, but Mike should have made that last goal,”“Amy’s the homecoming queen, but now she wants $200 to buy a new dress and shoes.” But, but, but.
What I learned from my mother is to start thinking “and, and and” instead. _____30_____:“The hockey team won, and Mike did his best the whole game.” “Amy’s the homecoming queen, and she’s going to look perfect!” The _____31_____ is that “but” feels bad, “and” feels quite the opposite. When our children feel _____32_____ about what they are doing, they do more of it.
This is not to say that children don’t need or won’t respond to their parents’_____33_____. They do and they will. When parents give positive responses, amazing things happen. It’s not _____34_____ just to say we love our children. We’re also going to have to start guiding and taking part in what is right with our children.
“No more buts!” is a _____35_____ for love. It’s an opportunity every day to put our attention on what is promising about our children. And if I ever forget, I have my mother’s note to remind me.
21. A. enrich B. prepare C. change D. ruin
22. A. love B. doubt C. interest D. humor
23. A. besides B. finally C. anyway D. however
24. A. reminded B. forced C. attracted D. requested
25. A. seldom B. never C. usually D. possibly
26. A. Also B. Therefore C. Sometimes D. Instead
27. A. proud B. upset C. hopeful D. surprised
28. A. tired B. certain C. true D. short
29. A. look into B. clean up C. put up with D. make use of
30. A. After all B. For instance C. In short D. In turn
31. A. fact B. purpose C. chance D. challenge
32. A. bad B. good C. hard D. curious
33. A. decisions B. questions C. instructions D. expectations
34. A. enough B. necessary C. normal D. difficult
35. A. word B. call C. card D. sentence
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我在母亲的感召下很少说“但是”而是通过多说“和”的方式对我的孩子进行爱的教育，并取得很好的成果的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我母亲寄来的一张卡片，里面只有四句话，但它的影响力足以永远改变我的生活。A. enrich使丰富；B. prepare准备；C. change改变；D. ruin破坏。根据后文“What I learned from my mother is to start thinking “and, and and” instead. ”可知，我从母亲那里学到的是开始思考“和，和和”，说明母亲卡片里四句话的影响力让我的生活发生了改变。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一句话都充满了爱。A. love爱；B. doubt怀疑；C. interest兴趣；D. humor幽默。根据前文“In it, she praises my abilities as a writer. ”可知，在母亲给我的信中她对我进行了赞扬，说明她的每句话都充满了爱。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：卡片上从未出现“但是”一词；然而，“和”这个词出现了很多次。A. besides此外；B. finally最后；C. anyway不管怎样；D. however然而。前文“The word “but” never appears on the card”和后文“the word “and” is there many times”可知，两句话之间存在转折关系，所以要用however来表示这种关系。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次读到它，我都会被提醒要问自己，我已经和自己的女儿说了多少次“但是”了。A. reminded提醒；B. forced强迫；C. attracted吸引；D. requested要求。根据后文“And if I ever forget, I have my mother’s note to remind me.”可知，我每次读到这个便签是为了让我被提醒，remind为原词复现。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们的大女儿的成绩单上通常都是A，但老师们总是认为她在课堂上说得太多了。A. seldom很少；B. never从不；C. usually通常；D. possibly可能。根据后文“Congratulations! Your Dad and I are very ____7____”可知，我和丈夫为大女儿骄傲，推断出她通常会在成绩单上获得A。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我会问候她：“祝贺你！我和你爸爸都很自豪，但你能试着在课堂上少说话吗？”A. Also也；B. Therefore因此；C. Sometimes有时；D. Instead相反。根据前文“I always forgot to ask them if she was making improvements.”和后文“I would greet her”之间构成内容上的对比关系，应用instead表示这种关系。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，我会问候她：“祝贺你！我和你爸爸都很自豪，但你能试着在课堂上少说话吗？”A. proud骄傲的；B. upset不安的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. surprised感到惊讶的。根据前文“our eldest daughter ____5____ got all A’s on her report card”可知，我的大女儿总能得到A。推断出我和丈夫为她感到骄傲。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的小女儿也是如此。A. tired疲惫的；B. certain确定的；C. true真的；D. short短的。根据后文“Like her sister”可知，小女儿和大女儿情况相似，“be true of”意为“对……也符合”。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她还把房间的地板当作壁橱，这经常让我说：“是的，这个项目很棒，但要把你的房间打扫干净！”。A. look into调查;B. clean up 打扫；C. put up with忍受；D. make use of利用。根据常识，房间是需要打扫的。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如：“曲棍球队赢了，迈克整场比赛都表现得很好。”A. After all毕竟；B. For instance例如；C. In short总之；D. In turn轮流。根据后文“The hockey team won, and Mike did his best the whole game.”可知，曲棍球队赢了，迈克整场比赛都表现得很好，是对前句“我从母亲那里学到的是开始思考“和，和和””的观点所举例得具体事例。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实是“但是”感觉不好，“和”感觉完全相反。A. fact事实；B. purpose目；C. chance机会；D. challenge挑战。根据后文““but” feels bad, “and” feels quite the opposite”可知，“但是”感觉不好，“和”感觉完全相反，这是一个客观事实。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们的孩子对他们正在做的事情感觉良好时，他们会做得更多。A. bad坏的；B. good好的；C. hard困难的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“they do more of it”可知，只有孩子们对自己做的事情感觉好的时候才能做得更多。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不是说孩子们不需要或不会回应父母的期望。A. decisions决定；B. questions问题；C. instructions说明；D. expectations期望。根据后文“It’s an opportunity every day to put our attention on what is promising about our children.”可知，这是一个机会，每天让我们关注孩子的未来，说明家长对孩子们是有期待的。故选D项。
34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：仅仅说我们爱我们的孩子是不够的。A. enough足够的；B. necessary必要的；C. normal正常的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文“We’re also going to have to start guiding and taking part in what is right with our children. ”可知，我们还必须开始引导和参与我们孩子的正确行为，说明仅仅说我们爱我们的孩子是不够的。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“没有更多的但是！”是对爱的呼唤。A. word消息；B. call呼唤；C. card卡片；D. sentence句子。根据前文“Each sentence is full of ____2____. The word “but” never appears on the card;____3____, the word “and” is there many times.”可知，妈妈的便签里每句话都是充满了爱，而且她的话里没有“但是”，推断出“没有更多的但是！”是对爱的呼唤。故选B项。
四、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Institutions and individuals can subscribe to Journal of Science (JS) either by print or online. Ordering Procedures
Both institutions and individuals can complete their order form and submit payment to start their print and/or online subscription. Those who choose the print version receive access to the online service as well. They may also subscribe to online-only access to JS. Once the publisher has received payment the institution or individual will begin receiving the print journal if they order the print option. They will receive an e-mail with instructions for obtaining access to the online edition. The e-mail will direct them to an online form. They will be asked to provide the following information necessary to activate their subscription to JS:
Institutions
·Contact name, title, phone, fax, and email
·Customer number (received via email)
·Institution's IP Address(es)
Individuals
·A username and password that you can easily remember
·Your name, phone number, and email address
·Your customer number (received via email)
With their subscription, they will receive 10 issues per year of the JS in addition to access to tables of contents, abstracts, full text searching, full text display, and PDFs, full access to all posted back content to 1860, for as long as the subscription is active. For institutions, access is limited to computers within a particular set of Internet IP addresses. Individuals will enjoy the advantage of having password access to JS from any device connected to the Internet. Without a subscription, access to tables of contents and abstracts is available.
Cost of Subscriptions
2022 Rates
Individual online-only
Individual print+online
Student online-only
Student print+online
Institution online-only
Institution print+online
U.S.
$80
$90
$40
$50
$240
$250
Foreign
$80
$90+
$35 Postage
$40
$50+
$35 Postage
$240
$250+
$35 Postage
Purchasing Individual Issues or Articles
You can purchase access to individual JS issues or articles. Browse through our current online content or our archive (going back to 1860), select the article you want access to, and click Add to Cart. You will be prompted to create an account at this time if you don't already have one. Purchases can be made by visiting our online store: https://epay.ustore.edu/js.
36. What is the procedure for online-only subscription?
①complete an order form ②receive an email with instructions
③activate the subscription ④submit payment
A. ③①②④ B. ①④②③ C. ①④③② D. ④①②③
37. How much does it cost a student in Beijing to subscribe to both print and online versions of JS 2022?
A. $80. B. $85. C. $90. D. $125.
38. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Those who subscribe to the print version have no access to online service.
B. Individual articles are not available unless you make a yearly subscription.
C. There is no limit on Internet IP addresses for either institutions or individuals.
D. People have access to tables of contents and abstracts even without subscription.
【答案】36. B 37. B 38. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述了机构和个人可以选择印刷版或在线订阅《科学杂志》，以及订阅操作方式。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段Ordering Procedures标题下“Both institutions and individuals can complete their order form and submit payment to start their print and/or online subscription. Those who choose the print version receive access to the online service as well. They may also subscribe to online-only access to JS. Once the publisher has received payment, the institution or individual will begin receiving the print journal if they order the print option. They will receive an e-mail with instructions for obtaining access to the online edition. The e-mail will direct them to an online form. They will be asked to provide the following information necessary to activate their subscription to JS:(机构和个人均可填写订购表格并提交付款，以开始打印和/或在线订阅。那些选择打印版本的人也可以使用在线服务。他们也可以订阅在线访问。一旦出版商收到付款，机构或个人将开始收到印刷期刊，如果他们订购印刷选项。他们将收到一封电子邮件，说明如何获得在线版本。电子邮件会把他们引向一个在线表格。他们将被要求提供以下必要的信息来激活他们的JS订阅)”可知网上订阅的流程是：提交订购表格→付款→收到邮件→激活订阅；故选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cost of Subscriptions标题下：Student print + online栏目下，可知，北京学生的印刷帮及网络版订阅费用=包括产品费用$50+运费$35=$85。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Individuals部分最后一段最后一句“Without a subscription, access to tables of contents and abstracts is available.(不需要订阅，就可以访问目录和摘要表)”。故选D。
B
This is my son Matthew’s last night at home before college.I know that this is good news.I feel proud that Matthew will go to a great school.I know that this is his finest hour.But looking at the suitcases on his bed sends me out of the room to a hidden corner where I can’t stop crying.
Through the sorrow，I feel a rising embarrassment.“Pull yourself together！” I tell myself.There are parents sending their kids off to battle zones.How dare I feel so shattered?
One of the great gifts of my life has been having my boys，Matthew and Johnowen.Through them，I have explored the mysterious，complicated bond between fathers and sons.As my wife and I raised them，I have discovered the love and loss between my father and me.After my parents’ divorce，I spent weekends with my dad in Ohio.By the time Sunday rolled around，I was unable to enjoy the day’s activities because I was already afraid of the goodbye of the evening.
Now，standing among Matthew’s accumulation of possessions，I realize it’s me who has become a boy again.All my sadness and longing to hold on to things are back，sweeping over me as they did when I was a child.
His bed is tidy and spare.It already has the feel of a guest bed.In my mind I replay wrapping him in his favorite blanket.That was our nightly routine until one evening he said，“Daddy，I don’t think I need a blanket tonight.” I think of all the times we lay among the covers reading.I look at the bed and think of all the recent times I was annoyed at how late he was sleeping.I’ll never have to worry about that again，I realize.
For his part，Matthew has been a rock.He is treating his leaving as just another day at the office.And I’m glad.After all，someone’s got to be strong.I’m proud that he is charging into the first chapter of his adult life with such confidence.
39. What is the probable meaning of the underlined phrase “Pull yourself together” in Paragraph 2?
A. Get up. B. Cheer up.
C. Pull up. D. Wake up.
40. What can we infer about Matthew from the text?
A. He hates sleeping early.
B. He doesn’t get on well with his father.
C. He is ready for the new life.
D. He doesn’t value his father’s love for him.
41. How does the writer feel about his son’s leaving for college?
A. Worried. B. Proud.
C. Bittersweet. D. Relieved.
42. Which of the following can be the best title of the text?
A. Unavoidable Goodbye B. Sweet Memories
C. Glorious Moment D. Unconditional Love
【答案】39. B 40. C 41. C 42. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。儿子即将上大学，作者很伤心，但作者很自豪的是，儿子已经为进入他成年生活的第一章做好了准备。
【39题详解】
`词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“There are parents sending their kids off to battle zones. How dare I feel so shattered.”可知，作者认为有父母送孩子去战区，与这些父母相比，作者怎么敢这么伤心呢？由此推知，画线短语Pull yourself together意为“振作起来”A. Get up起来；B. Cheer up振作起来；C. Pull up停下来；D. Wake up醒来。故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“I’m proud that he is charging into the first chapter of his adult life with such confidence.”可知，我很自豪，他能如此自信地，开始他成年生活的第一章。由此判断出，Matthew已经为大学生活做好了准备，故选C。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“I know that this is good news. I feel proud that Matthew will go to a great school...a hidden corner where I can't stop crying（我知道这是个好消息。我为Matthew能上一所好学校而感到骄傲……一个我无法停止哭泣的隐秘角落）”，可知，儿子上大学让作者觉得又苦又甜，作者感到苦乐参半。A. Worried担忧的；B. Disappointed失望的；C. Bittersweet苦乐参半的；D. Relieved放心的。故选C。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者的儿子要离开家去上大学，作者又高兴又难过。作者虽然不舍，但是很欣慰儿子长大成熟了，并清楚分别是不可避免的。所以短文的最佳标题为“不可避免的再见”。故选A。
C
Elizabeth Spelke, a cognitive (认知的) psychologist at Harvard, has spent her career testing the world's most complex learning system-the mind of a baby. Babies might seem like no match for artificial intelligence (AI). They are terrible at labeling images, hopeless at mining text, and awful at video games. Then again, babies can do things beyond the reach of any AI. By just a few months old, they’ve begun to grasp the foundations of language, such as grammar. They’ve started to understand how to adapt to unfamiliar situations.
Yet even experts like Spelke don’t understand precisely how babies — or adults, for that matter — learn. That gap points to a puzzle at the heart of modern artificial intelligence: We're not sure what to aim for.
Consider one of the most impressive examples of AI, Alpha Zero, a programme that plays board games with superhuman skill. After playing thousands of games against itself at a super speed, and learning from winning positions, Alpha Zero independently discovered several famous chess strategies and even invented new ones. It certainly seems like a machine eclipsing human cognitive abilities. But Alpha Zero needs to play millions more games than a person during practice to learn a game. Most importantly, it cannot take what it has learned from the game and apply it to another area.
To some AI experts, that calls for a new approach. In a November research paper, Francois Chollet, a well-known AI engineer, argued that it’s misguided to measure machine intelligence just according to its skills at specific tasks. “Humans don’t start out with skills; they start out with a broad ability to acquire new skills,” he says. “What a strong human chess player is demonstrating is not only the ability to play chess, but the potential to fulfill any task of a similar difficulty.” Chollet posed a set of problems, each of which requires an AI programme to arrange colored squares on a grid (格栅) based on just a few prior examples. It’s not hard for a person. But modern machine-learning programmes-trained on huge amounts of data — cannot learn from so few examples.
Josh Tenenbaum, a professor in MIT's Center for Brains, Minds & Machines, works closely with Spelke and uses insights from cognitive science as inspiration for his programmes. He says much of modern AI misses the bigger picture, comparing it to a cartoon about a two-dimensional world populated by simple geometrical (几何形的) people. AI programmes will need to learn in new ways — for example, by drawing causal inferences rather than simply finding patterns. “At some point — you know, if you’re intelligent — you realize maybe there's something else out there,” he says.
43. Compared to an advanced AI programme, a baby might be better at _______________.
A. labeling images B. identifying locations
C. playing games D. making adjustments
44. What does the underlined word “eclipsing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Stimulating. B. Measuring. C. Beating. D. Limiting.
45. Both Francois Chollet and Josh Tenenbaum may agree that _______________.
A. AI is good at finding similar patterns
B. AI should gain abilities with less training
C. AI lacks the ability of generalizing a skill
D. AI will match humans in cognitive ability
46. Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. What is exactly intelligence?
B. Why is modern AI advanced?
C. Where is human intelligence going?
D. How do humans tackle the challenge of AI?
【答案】43. D 44. C 45. C 46. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过比较人工智能和人类的智能，想要告诉我们——什么是真正的智力。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“They’ve started to understand how to adapt to unfamiliar situations.( 他们开始懂得如何适应陌生的环境)”可知，与高级人工智能程序相比，婴儿可能更善于做出调整。故选D。
【44题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词前一句“After playing thousands of games against itself at a super speed, and learning from winning positions, Alpha Zero independently discovered several famous chess strategies and even invented new ones. (在以超快的速度与自己对弈数千场，并从获胜位置中学习之后，阿尔法零独立地发现了几种著名的国际象棋策略，甚至发明了新的策略)”可推知，阿尔法零超越了人类的认知能力，所以划线单词“eclipsing”的意思是“超过，胜过”，划线句意是：它看起来确实像是一台超越人类认知能力的机器。故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“What a strong human chess player is demonstrating is not only the ability to play chess, but the potential to fulfill any task of a similar difficulty. (一位强大人类棋手展示的不仅是下棋的能力，还有完成任何类似难度任务的潜力)”和最后一段“AI programmes will need to learn in new ways — for example, by drawing causal inferences rather than simply finding patterns. (人工智能程序将需要以新的方式学习——例如，通过得出因果推论，而不是简单地寻找模式)”可推知， Francois Chollet 和Josh Tenenbaum可能同意人工智能缺乏一种技能的泛化能力。故选C。
【46题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章，并根据第二段“Yet even experts like Spelke don't understand precisely how babies — or adults, for that matter — learn. That gap points to a puzzle at the heart of modern artificial intelligence: We’re not sure what to aim for. (然而，即使是像斯皮尔克这样的专家也不能确切地理解婴儿——或成人——是如何学习的。这一差距指向了现代人工智能的一个核心难题:我们不确定该以什么为目标)”可知，本文讲述了所谓真正的智力到底是什么。故选A。
D
Is any economist so dull as to criticize Christmas? At first glance, the holiday season in western economies seems a treat for those concerned with such vagaries(奇想)as GDP growth. After all, everyone is spending; in America, retailers(零售商)make 25% of their yearly sales and 60% of their profits between Thanksgiving and Christmas. Even so, economists find something to worry about in the nature of the purchases being made.
Much of the holiday spending is on gifts for others. At the simplest level, giving gifts involves the giver guessing what the recipient(接受者)would like, as economists say, and then buying the gift and delivering it. Yet this guessing of preferences is not easy; indeed, it is often done badly. Every year, ties go unworn and books unread. And even if a gift is enjoyed, it may not be what the recipient would have bought if they had spent the money themselves.
Interested in this mismatch between wants and gifts, in 1993 Joel Waldfogel, then an economist at Yale University, tried to estimate the difference in dollar terms. In a research, lie asked students two questions at the end of a holiday season: first, estimate the total amount paid(by the givers)for all the holiday gifts you received; second, apart from the emotional value of the items, if you did not have them, how much would you be willing to pay to get them? His results were gloomy: on average, a gift was valued by the recipient well below the price paid by the giver.
In addition, recipients may not know their own preferences very well. Some of the best gifts, after all, are unexpected items that you would never have thought of buying, but which turn out to be especially well picked. And preference can change. So by giving a jazz CD, for example, the giver may be encouraging the recipient to enjoy something that was ignored before. This, a desire to build skills, is possibly the hope held by many parents who ignore their children’s desires for video games and buy them books instead.
Finally, there are items that a recipient would like to receive but not purchase. If someone else buys them, however, they can be enjoyed guilt-free. This might explain the high volume of chocolate that changes over the holidays. Thus, the lesson for gift-givers is that you should try hard to guess the preference of each person on your list and then choose a gift that will have a high emotional value.
47. For what reason are economists concerned about holiday purchases?
A. Seasonal sales don’t match profits well.
B. Some of the holiday purchases end up with waste.
C. Sales and profits are far from being matched.
D. Seasonal sales fail to satisfy people’s special wants.
48. Why does the author mention Joel Waldfogel’s research in the third paragraph?
A. To show Joel’s interest in the difference in dollar terms.
B. To introduce the economist at Yale University.
C. To prove that the mismatch between wants and gifts can be huge.
D. To argue the importance of buying gifts of appropriate value.
49. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A. Recipients tend to overestimate the values of a gift.
B. Peopled preference is born with nature and remains unchanged
C. Chocolate is a gift which may cause recipient’ sense of guilt
D. Gifts may be used to help a person to cultivate a hobby or skill.
50. Which of the following statements might the author agree with?
A. Guessing preference is important although sometimes it fails.
B. The more money you spend on the gift, the more emotional value it has.
C. Recipients’ preferences have an impact on the holiday season economy.
D. The attached value of a present is the essence of gift giving.
【答案】47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，是关于节日购买礼物送人的一个社会生活调查，研究结果表明你所送的礼物往往并不是接受者所想要的，但尽管如此，送礼时猜测对方的喜好还是很重要的。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Yet this guessing of preferences is not easy; indeed, it is often done badly. Every year, ties go unworn and books unread. And even if a gift is enjoyed, it may not be what the recipient would have bought if they had spent the money themselves.”（然而，这种对喜好的猜测并不容易；事实上，反而很糟糕。每年，收的领带都没戴，书也没读。而且，即使礼物很受欢迎，也可能不是收礼人自己愿意花钱买的东西）可推断，假日礼物很可能并不是收礼人喜欢的，因此推断经济学家担心一些假日购物最后可能会是一种浪费，故选B。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段内容“Interested in this mismatch between wants and gifts, in 1993 Joel Waldfogel, then an economist at Yale University, tried to estimate the difference in dollar terms. In a research, lie asked students two questions at the end of a holiday season: first, estimate the total amount paid(by the givers)for all the holiday gifts you received; second, apart from the emotional value of the items, if you did not have them, how much would you be willing to pay to get them? His results were gloomy: on average, a gift was valued by the recipient well below the price paid by the giver.( 1993年，时任耶鲁大学(Yale University)经济学家的乔尔•沃尔德福格(Joel Waldfogel)对需求和礼物之间的不匹配感兴趣，试图用美元来估算两者之间的差异。在一项研究中，他在假期结束时问了学生两个问题：第一，估计你收到的所有节日礼物所付款(被送礼者支付)的总价；第二，除了物品的情感价值，如果你没有它们，你愿意花多少钱来得到它们？他的研究结果令人沮丧：平均而言，收礼者对礼物的评价远低于送礼者支付的价格。)”可知，乔尔•沃尔德福格的研究调查是为了说明需要和礼物之间的不匹配，结果这种不匹配是巨大的，因此推断作者提到这个研究是为了来证明需要和礼物之间的不匹配可能是巨大的。故选C。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Some of the best gifts, after all, are unexpected items that you would never have thought of buying, but which turn out to be especially well picked. And preference can change. So by giving a jazz CD, for example, the giver may be encouraging the recipient to enjoy something that was ignored before. This, a desire to build skills, is possibly the hope held by many parents who ignore their children's desires for video games and buy them books instead.”（毕竟，有些最好的礼物是你从未想过要买的意想不到的东西，但却是经过精心挑选的，而且人们的偏好是可以改变的。例如，送一张爵士乐唱片，送礼者可能会鼓励收礼者享受以前被忽视的东西。这种培养技能的愿望，可能是许多父母的希望，他们忽略了孩子对电子游戏的渴望，反而给他们买书）可知，礼物可以用来帮助一个人培养爱好或技能，故选D。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thus, the lesson for gift-givers is that you should try hard to guess the preference of each person on your list and then choose a gift that will have a high emotional value.”（因此，给送礼者的经验教训是，你应该努力猜测清单上每个人的喜好，然后选择一件具有较高情感价值的礼物）可知，作者认为送礼时猜测对方的喜好很重要，尽管有时会失败，故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满5分）
阅读短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking and Critical Thinking
What is critical thinking? To a certain degree, it’s a matter of logic – of being able to spot weaknesses in other people’s arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.
In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinking — the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. _____51_____ The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thinking.
_____52_____ As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. _____53_____
What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. _____54_____ As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. _____55_____ As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.
If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.
A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.
B. This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.
C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.
D. It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.
E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.
F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.
G. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking, you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.
【答案】51. D 52. E 53. A 54. F 55. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。公共演讲需要批判性思维，本文介绍的是如何提升演讲者的批判性思维。
【51题详解】
根据下文中的“The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas.(最伟大的思想家、科学家和发明家经常将现成的信息以不同的方式组合在一起，以产生新的想法。)”可知，此空处的内容与new ideas相关。选项D“It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.(人们常说，世界上很少有新思想，只有重组的思想。)”符合题意。故选D项。
【52题详解】
根据下文中“As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches.(例如，随着课程的进行，您可能会花费大量时间组织演讲。)”以及下一句“While this may seem like a purely mechanical exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking.(尽管这似乎是一种纯粹的机械练习，但它与批判性思维密切相关。)”可知，该空处讲述的内容与speaking class相关。选项E的内容“If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.(如果你想知道这与你的公开演讲课有什么关系，答案是很多。)”位于段首，引出下文中讲述的话题。故选E项。
【53题详解】
根据上文“Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have.(组织演讲不仅仅是安排你已经拥有的想法的问题。)”可知，组织演讲不仅仅是安排已有的思想。选项A的内容“Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.(相反，它是塑造想法本身的重要组成部分。)”中的“rather”表示“相反”的意思，进一步对ideas进行阐述，符合语境。故选A项。
【54题详解】
根据下文中的“As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately.(当你努力用清晰、准确的语言表达你的想法时，你将提高你清晰准确地思考的能力。)”可知，在经历过演讲课后，你的思维能力得到提高的各方面，所以选项F的表述“The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.(您在演讲课上学到的技能可以帮助您在多种方面成为更有效的思考者。)”为了引出演讲课后的效果，符合语境。故选F项。
【55题详解】
分析上文中的“As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately.(当你努力用清晰、准确的语言表达你的想法时，你将提高你清晰准确地思考的能力。)”以及下文中的“As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.(当您学会在课堂上批判性地聆听演讲时，您将能够更好地评估演讲者在各种情况下的想法。)”可以看到，两个句子表述的内容与句式结构相仿。选项G的结构与空前后的句子结构相吻合，且句意相关。故选G项。
五、单词拼写（共15小题，每小题0.5分，满分7.5分）
根据句意填入适当的词并使用其适当形式首字母已给出，请把单词全拼出来。
A：根据首字母和中文提示，用选择性必修二第1单元里的单词填空
56. They have the confidence and ability to h__________(处理) whatever is ahead of them. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】handle##andle
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：他们有信心和能力处理他们面前的任何事情。结合首字母和所给汉语可知，“处理”的英文表达是handle，与空前的to构成不定式，在句中作后置定语。故填handle。
57. The two sides noted with satisfaction the s__________（大量的）increase in the budget of the 2022 programme. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】substantial##ubstantial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：注意到2022年方案预算大幅增加，双方都很满意。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，形容词substantial符合题意，作定语，修饰名词increase。故填substantial。
58. “The l__________（关系）between sleep and health, and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer,” says Lawrence Epstein, a sleep expert at Harvard University. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】link##ink
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：哈佛大学睡眠专家Lawrence Epstein表示:“睡眠与健康、睡眠不好与疾病之间的关系正变得越来越清晰。”根据定冠词“the”可知，空处应为名词，作主语；根据中英文提示，应用link，特指睡眠与健康、睡眠不好与疾病之间的关系，为单数形式。故填link。
59. In a world that warms up by 3℃, m__________ (多种多样的) changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.
【答案】multiple##ultiple
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在一个升温3摄氏度的世界里，海洋的颜色会发生多种变化。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词multiple，修饰名词changes，作定语。故填multiple。
60. When the man was found dead, the police arrested two s_____________ (嫌疑犯). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】suspects##uspects
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当该男子被发现死亡时，警察逮捕了两名嫌疑犯。根据“two”可知，此处应为可数名词复数，作宾语；根据中英文提示，应为suspects。故填suspects/uspects。
61. S__________(统计) indicate that depressed patients are more likely to become ill than normal people. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】Statistics##tatistics
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：统计数据表明，抑郁症患者比正常人更容易生病。根据中英文提示，以s开头且含义为“统计”的名词为statistic，谓语为原形，应用复数形式。因空白处在句首，首字母大写，故填Statistics。
62. In recent years, the movie industry has undergone a dramatic t__________（变化）. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】transformation##ransformation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：近年来，电影业经历了一场戏剧性的变革。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词作宾语，根据首字母和汉语提示，表示“转换，变化”用transformation，前面有a，名词用单数。故填transformation。
63. The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated in memory of the p__________(爱国的) poet Qu Yuan. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】patriotic##atriotic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：端午节是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词patriotic，修饰名词poet，作定语。故填patriotic。
64. People on low incomes can apply for financial a__________（帮助）from the local government(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】assistance##ssistance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：低收入的人可以向当地政府申请经济援助。根据句意，首字母和汉语提示应填assistance“帮助”作宾语，不可数名词，故填assistance。
65. Some people say beauty itself is a__________ (抽象的). Do you agree? (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】abstract##bstract
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有人说美本身就是抽象的。你同意吗？根据中英文提示可知，abstract抽象的，形容词，在句中作表语。故填abstract。
B:根据首字母和中文提示，用报纸TEENS（第7至第9期）里的单词填空。（海航班不做此部分）
66. They reviewed evidence that plants and animals are s__________（敏感）to climate. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】sensitive##ensitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词作表语。句意：他们审查了动植物对气候敏感的证据。结合首字母和所给汉语可知，“敏感”的英文表达是sensitive，在be动词后面作表语，且与介词to构成固定短语be sensitive to，意为“对……敏感”。故填sensitive。
67. It’s that kind of courage and determination that makes him such a r__________（出色的）character. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】remarkable #emarkable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词作定语。句意：正是这种勇气和决心使他成为一个非凡的人物。根据首字母和所给汉语可知，“出色的”的英文表达是remarkable，且在句中作定语修饰名词character。故填remarkable。
68. If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive, the m__________(最大的) temperature rise, since the start of the industrial age, should be 0. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】maximum##maximum
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果那些离海平面不远的岛国要生存下去，那么自工业时代开始以来，气温的最高上升幅度应该是0。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填形容词maximum，作定语修饰rise。故填maximum。
69. However, once China began to e__________（接受）free-market reforms in the 1980s, followed by India in the 1990s, both countries achieved rapid growth. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】embrace##mbrace
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：然而，一旦中国在20世纪80年代开始接受自由市场改革，印度在90年代紧随其后，两国就都实现了快速增长。根据句意，首字母和汉语提示应填embrace“接受”，begin to do sth.“开始做某事”，用不定式作宾语，故填embrace。
70. In 1961, when President Kennedy d__________（宣布）that America would send a man to the moon by the decade’s end, those words, too, had a dreamlike quality. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】declared##eclared
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：1961年，当肯尼迪总统宣布美国将在十年内将人类送上月球时，这些话也有一种梦幻般的质感。根据中英提示，应为动词declare，且照应时间状语“In 1961”，应为一般过去时。故填declared。
B：根据首字母或中文提示，用选择性必修二第1单元里的单词填空。
（仅海航班做此部分）
71. Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and g________ (有天分的) scientists in physics. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】gifted##ifted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：斯蒂芬·霍金是物理学领域最有名、最有天赋的科学家之一。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“有天分的”可知应填形容词gifted，作定语修饰名词scientists。故填gifted。
72. Besides being b________ (聪颖的，绝妙的), he was brave, though some ties careless in what he said or did. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】brilliant##rilliant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：除了聪明之外，他还很勇敢，尽管有些时候他说的话或做的事很粗心。根据首字母和所给汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词brilliant，作表语。故填brilliant。
73. Under Qian’s l__________ (领导), China developed the Dongfeng missiles. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】leadership##eadership
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在钱学森的领导下，中国研制了东风导弹。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，名词leadership符合题意，作宾语，抽象概念，不可数，under one’s leadership“在某人的带领下”是固定短语。故填leadership。
74. China needed its own powerful air force to protect and d__________（保卫）the country. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】defend##efend
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：中国需要自己强大的空军来保护和保卫这个国家。根据句意，首字母和汉语提示应填defend“保卫”，与protect并列作目的状语，and连接不定式，第二个不定式符号省略，故填defend。
75. He has always lived in the s__________ (阴影) of his brother, who is smart and hardworking. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】shadow##hadow
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他一直生活在他哥哥的阴影之下，哥哥聪明又勤奋。根据中英文提示可知，shadow阴影，可数名词，此处表示特指，应用名词单数，在句中作介词in的宾语，故填shadow。
六、课文填空（共10小题，每小题0.5分，满分5分）
根据课文内容填空
Cholera used to be one of the most ____76____ diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be ____77____. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became ____78____ because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even ____79____ to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to____80____ cholera once and for all.
In general, doctors in those days had two ____81____ theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. The other was that cholera was caused by an ____82____ from germs in food or water. Snow ____83____ to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed ____84____. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two ____85____ streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
【答案】76. feared
77. overcome
78. frustrated
79. attended
80. destroy
81. contradictory
82. infection
83. subscribed
84. proof 85. particular
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了在19世纪，英国医生John Snow一直致力于找出霍乱的病因，以期预防或治疗霍乱——这一世上最可怕的疾病之一。
【76题详解】
考查形容词。句意：霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕的疾病之一，直到英国医生John Snow向人们展示了如何战胜霍乱。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作定语修饰名词“diseases”；根据下文“This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. ”（这种疾病会导致严重的腹泻、脱水，甚至死亡。 ）可知，霍乱曾是世上最可怕的一种疾病，故空处表示“可怕的”，应用形容词feared。故填feared。
【77题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕的疾病之一，直到英国医生John Snow向人们展示了如何战胜霍乱。结合上下文可知，空处应表示霍乱是如何能被“战胜、打败”的，动词overcome符合此意；根据“how it could be”可知，该句为被动语态，空处应为过去分词。故填overcome。
【78题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作为一名年轻的医生，John Snow感到沮丧，因为没有人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱。分析句子和句意可知，空处应为形容词，作表语，表示“感到沮丧的”。故填frustrated。
【79题详解】
考查动词。句意：一段时间之后，他成为了一名著名的医生，甚至在维多利亚女王分娩时照顾她。根据“and even”可知，空处应为动词的过去式，与“rose”为并列谓语动词；根据“when she gave birth”可知，空处表示“照顾”女王，动词短语attend to sb表示“照顾某人”，符合句意。故填attended。
【80题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，他从未失去彻底消灭霍乱的愿望。表达“做某事的愿望”可用短语“a desire to do sth”，动词不定式to do作定语，修饰“desire”，故空处应为动词原形；结合句意，空处应表示“消灭”霍乱，应用动词destroy。故填destroy。

【81题详解】
考查形容词。句意：总的来说，当时的医生有两种相互对立的理论来解释霍乱是如何传播的。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作定语修饰名词“theories”；根据下文对两种理论的解释“One theory was that bad air caused the disease. The other was that cholera was caused by an 　7　from germs in food or water. ”（一种理论认为是糟糕的空气导致了这种疾病，另一种说法是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。）可知，两种理论是相互对立的，形容词contradictory表示“对立的、矛盾的”。故填contradictory。
【82题详解】
考查名词。句意：另一种说法是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。根据“an”可知，空处为可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头；由“from germs”可知，空处应表示“感染、传染”。故填infection。
【83题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：Snow赞同第二种理论。分析句子可知，空处应为动词，作谓语，根据前文“in those days”可知，应用一般过去时；根据下文“It was correct,”（它是正确的。）可知，Snow是赞同第二种理论的，动词短语subscribe to表示“赞同、订阅”，符合句意。故填subscribed。
【84题详解】
考查名词。句意：这是正确的，但他还需要证据。根据下文“Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate.”（因此，当1854年伦敦爆发霍乱时，Snow开始调查。）可知，Snow开始调查是为了找到证明第二种理论正确的证据，故空处表示“证据”，应用proof，为不可数名词，作宾语。
【85题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他发现，在两条特别的街道上，霍乱爆发得非常严重，10天内就有500多人死亡。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作定语修饰名词“streets”；根据下文“He was determined to find out why.”（他决心找出原因）和本句句意可知，这是两条较为特别的街道，故空处应用particular，表示“特别的”。故填particular。
七、短文填空（共10题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned a farm, which looked almost ____86____ (abandon).____87____ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ____88____ (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact.
One day, the cow was eating grass ____89____ it began to rain heavily. While ____90____ (make) great efforts to run away, she fell over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living ____91____ the cow. In order to support his family, Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees ____92____ (sell) the wood. Thinking about his ____93____ (child) clothes, he started growing cotton, too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market ____94____ people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to him that his farm had much potential and ____95____ the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
【答案】86. abandoned
87. Luckily
88. was left
89. when 90. making
91. without
92. to sell
93. children’s
94. where 95. that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Johnson先生的生活经历。虽然他意外地失去了以往用以谋生的奶牛，却在之后的生活中收获了更多，可谓“塞翁失马，焉知非福”。
【86题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他有一个农场，看起来几乎被遗弃了。looked在句中用作连系动词，空处应填形容词作表语，abandoned被遗弃的，形容词，故填abandoned。
【87题详解】
考查副词。句意：幸运的是，他还有一头奶牛，每天都产奶。空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，luckily幸运地，副词，首字母应大写。故填Luckily。
【88题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他在附近的城镇出售或交换了一些牛奶，以换取其他食物，并用剩下的牛奶为家人制作奶酪和黄油。with后为what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语，和动词leave之间是被动关系，且根据made可知，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语what看作单数，be动词用was，故填was left。
【89题详解】
考查连词。句意：一天，牛正在吃草，突然下起了大雨。此处是be doing sth when…结构，表示“正在做某事，这时突然……”，when在此结构中是并列连词，故填when。
【90题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：就在她拼命逃跑的时候，她从山上摔了下来，死了。While引导的时间状语从句主语是she，指代奶牛，此处表示“当她拼命逃跑的时候”，用过去进行时，故完整形式是While she was making great efforts to run away，当状语从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，从句的主语和be动词可省略，故填making。
【91题详解】
考查介词。句意：后来，Johnson一家不得不在没有奶牛的情况下谋生。根据上文“she fell over the hill and died”可知，此处指“在没有奶牛的情况下谋生”，用介词without“没有”，故填without。
【92题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：由于植物需要一段时间才能生长，他开始砍伐树木出售木材。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to sell。
【93题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：考虑到孩子们的衣服，他也开始种植棉花。空处应用名词所有格，修饰名词clothes，根据文章首句中的“children”可知，Johnson不止一个孩子，此处应用名词复数形式的所有格，故填children’s。
【94题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当收获季节来临的时候，他已经在镇上的人们定期聚会的市场上出售草药、蔬菜和棉花。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是market，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故填where。
【95题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：现在他突然想到，他的农场很有潜力，那头牛的死是一点运气。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，and连接两个并列的主语从句，空后的从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导，故填that。
八、写作（满分15分）
96. 一年一度的世界科学节临近，英文杂志《新科学家》正在组织英语征文比赛，请你以“我最敬佩的科学家”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 介绍科学家；
2. 敬佩的原因；
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 短文标题已给出。
The Scientist I Admire Most
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Decades ago, an emerging Chinese scientist named Tu Youyou, was inspired to use traditional Chinese medicine to treat malaria. This seemed to be a rather difficult feat, because there was almost no relevant research before. What’s more, some scientists showed a negative attitude towards it, which made it harder to achieve.
Although there were barriers, she never gave up. She had a strong desire to find a cure for the disease, and she devoted herself to the experiment whole-heartedly. After many attempts, she successfully realized her dream and was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine.
What impressed me most was her strong will. This makes me believe that I will achieve my goals.
【解析】
【导语】本片书面表达属于说明文。要求考生写一篇以“我最爱的科学家”为主题的短文去参加英语征文比赛。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
障碍：barriers→obstacles
不顾一切地：desperately→recklessly
很多的：many→numerous
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：She had a strong desire to find a cure for the disease, and she devoted herself to the experiment whole-heartedly.
拓展句：She had a strong desire to find a cure for the disease so that she devoted herself to the experiment whole-heartedly.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What’s more, some scientists showed a negative attitude towards it, which made it harder to achieve.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】What impressed me most was her strong will.（运用了what引导的主语从句）
听力1-5 BACAC 6-10CABBA 11-15BCBAC