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小学英语时态的练习题和讲解
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小学英语语法【一】一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
一、一般现在时的功能
1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3. 表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
二、一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。
2. 行为动词：肯定句：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
动词+s的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
特殊：have----has
三、一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I m not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
2. 行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don t( doesn t ) +动词原形(+其它)。
如：I don t like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn t构成否定句。如：He doesn t often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don t.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？
如：How does your father go to work?
一般现在时用法练习
一、出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______ pass_______
carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________study_______ brush________ do______ teach_______ like_______ play_______ read_______ wash_______ be_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _____ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12.They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _____(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _____(be) it today?－ It’s Saturday.
三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)__________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
__________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_
__________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
小学英语语法【二】现在进行时
现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：
疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+ be + 动词ing?
标志词：look now listen It’s +点钟
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing
如：make-making, taste-tasting ,write—writing , ride—riding ,have—having come—coming dance—dancing live—living take—taking skate—skating
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing
如：swim—swimming begin—beginning run-running, sit—sitting put—putting get—getting shop—shopping stop-- stopping
现在进行时练习
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run_________ swim________
ake__________go________skate________
rite________ ski_________read________
ave_________sing________dance_________
ut_________ see________ buy _________
ove____________live_______take_________
ome________ get_________stop_________
sit________begin________shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1. The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6. They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7. Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8. What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10. ______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________
4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
______________________________________________________
小学英语语法【三】一般将来时
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do；②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。
一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who
例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’sgoing to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What … do.
例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.
→Whatis your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When.
例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →Whenis she going to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I _____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _______ ______ next Monday? I ______ ______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
改句子。
5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）
Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）
I _______ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot.
But today is rain. He __________ (go) to school by bike.
14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?
15. It’s Friday today. What ___she ____ (do) this weekend? She ______(watch) TV and_______ (catch) insects.
16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm.
What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now
小学英语语法【四】一般过去时
一、一般过去时语法介绍
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴ am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵ are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
⑶ 带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句：⑴ 疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵ 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?
二、动词过去式变化规则
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式：
词义
现在（原形）
过去式
词义
现在（原形）
过去式
是
am, is (be)
was
忘记
forget
forgot
是
are (be)
were
得到
get
got
成为
become
became
给
give
gave
开始
begin
began
走
go
went
弯曲
bend
bent
成长
grow
grew
吹
blow
blew
有
have, has
had
买
buy
bought
听
hear
heard
能
can
could
受伤
hurt
hurt
捕捉
catch
caught
保持
keep
kept
选择
choose
chose
知道
know
knew
来
come
came
学习
learn
learned, learnt
切
cut
cut
允许，让
let
let
做
do, does
did
躺
lie
lay
画
draw
drew
制造
make
made
饮
drink
drank
可以
may
might
吃
eat
ate
意味
mean
meant
感觉
feel
felt
会见
meet
met
发现
find
found
必须
must
must
飞
fly
flew
放置
put
put
读
read
read
将
shall
should
骑、乘
ride
rode
唱歌
sing
sang
响、鸣
ring
rang
坐下
sit
sat
跑
run
ran
睡觉
sleep
slept
说
say
said
说
speak
spoke
看见
see
saw
度过
spend
spent
扫
sweep
swept
三、过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
isam_________ fly_______ plant________
are________drink_________play_______
go________ make________does_________
dance________worry________ask_____
taste_________eat__________draw________
put ______throw________ kick_________
pass_______ do ________
四、Be动词的过去时练习
Be动词练习一
（一）用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now.2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.4.They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There _______ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone ______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
（二）句型转换
1. It was exciting.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. All the students were very excited.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
Be动词的过去时练习二
（一）用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June.
It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
（二）句型转换
1. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
中译英
1． 我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。___________________________________________________________
2． 他们的外套上个星期放在卧室里了。__________________________________________________________
3． 一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。__________________________________________________________
五、行为动词的过去时练习一
（一）用行为动词的适当形式填空
1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.
3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. I ______ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
6. They ______ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.
8. The girls ____ (sing) and ___ (dance) at the party.
（二）句型转换
1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. Nancy went to school early. 否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3. We sang some English songs.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习二
（一）用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
（二）句型转换
1. They played football in the playground.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
汉译英
1. 格林先生去年住在中国。________________________________________________________
2. 昨天我们参观了农场。________________________________________________________
3. 他刚才在找他的手机。________________________________________________________
（一）用动词的适当形式填空
1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.
2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.
3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.
4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)
6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)
7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.
8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.
9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.
2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do)
5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)
7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water)
8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.
9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.
10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)
小学英语语法（五）（Have、Has和There be结构）
一、Have、Has和There be结构
1、There be结构包括there is there are there was there were
2、意思都是"有"。
3、和have、has、had的区别：
（1）There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
（2）在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定。即遵循就近原则。
（3）there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
（4）there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
（5）some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。
（6）and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。
（7）针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
（8）针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：What s + 介词短语？
（9）There be结构一般用在句子的开头，而have等词只能用于某一个主语后面。
Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”
1. I________a good father and a good mother.
2. ____________a telescope on the desk.
3. He_________a tape-recorder.
4. _____________a basketball in the playground.
5. She__________some dresses.
6. They___________a nice garden.
7. What do you___________?
8. ______________a reading-room in the building?
9. What does Mike___________?
10. ______________any books in the bookcase?
11. My father_________a story-book.
12. _______________a story-book on the table.
13. _______________any flowers in the vase?
14. How many students____________in the classroom?
15. My parents___________some nice pictures.
16. _____________some maps on the wall.
17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.
18. David__________a telescope.
19. David’s friends___________some tents.
20. ______________many children on the hill.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1、There a lot of sweets in the box.
2、There some milk in the glass.
3、There some people under the the big tree.
4、There a picture and a map on the wall.
5、Therea box of rubbers near the books.
6、There lots of flowers in our garden last year.
7、There a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.
8、There four cups of coffee on the table.
Fill in the blank with “ have, has ”
1. I_________ a nice puppet.
2. He_________a good friend.
3. They__________ some masks.
4. We___________some flowers.
5. She___________ a duck.
6. My father____________ a new bike.
7. Her mother___________a vase.
8. Our teacher_________ an English book.
9. Our teachers___________a basketball.
10. Their parents___________some blankets
11. Nancy_________many skirts.
12. David__________some jackets.
13. My friends__________a football.
14. What do you__________?
15. What does Mike__________?
16. What do your friends___________?
17. What does Helen___________?
18. His brother________a basketball.
19. Her sister_________a nice doll.
20. Miss Li__________an English book.
小学英语语法复习
要点1名词
可数名词：表示可以具体个别存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a/an连用。
可数名词复数规则：
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．以结尾o的通常有生命的加-es, 无生命的加-s 如：两人三物：黑人Negro、英雄hero，马铃薯potato、西红柿tomato、芒果mango。
6．不规则名词复数：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice，child-childrenfoot-feet,tooth-teeth
fish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质（grass草，ice冰），抽象的名词（help帮助，music音乐）。
不可数名词没有复数（如some water）,不能与不定冠词a/an连用。
不可数名词:paper juice water milk rice tea bread hair orange time chicken
1、不可数名词没有复数形式。
2、数量+容器+ of +不可数名词如：a cup of tea 一杯茶
数量+单位+of+不可数名词如：a piece of bread 一片面包
练习：
一瓶水两瓶水一袋大米三袋大米一盒牛奶四盒牛奶
一张纸 十张纸 一公斤鸡肉 十五公斤鸡肉
写出下列各词的复数
photo ____________ diary ____________
day_____________ dress _______________
thief ___________ yo-yo ___________
peach___________ juice________________
water ____________ rice______________
tea ______________ man____________
woman____________ banana ___________
bus___________ child ____________
foot _____________ sheep ____________
leaf(树叶) ________ dish ____________
knife _____________ pen____________
boy__________ baby___________
map _____________ city ____________
box __________ book ___________
class ____________ eye ____________
office ________ car____________
fox(狐狸) ___________ watch ____________
library ________ pear ___________
skirt ____________ shelf _____________
cinema __________ tomato _________
tooth ____________ wife____________
Englishman________ paper __________
milk___________ Frenchman ___________
postman __________ family __________
mouse __________
people (人们) __________
fish _________ brush ________
mango __________ Japanese ___________
sandwich__________policeman__________
watermelon______________
Chinese_____________
strawberry___________
match _________________
glass __________
小学英语语法复习要点2
名词所有格
1、名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：
(1) 表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。
如：Childern’s Day(儿童节), my sister’s book(我姐姐的书)
(2) 以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。
如：Teachers’ Day(教师节)
(3) 有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s.
如：today’s newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes’ break(十分钟的课间休息),China’s population(中国的人口).
(4) 无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。
如：a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).
2、[注解]：
① ‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)
② 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B’s 的形式,如：Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)
③ “of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)
短语翻译：
1. 我的的爷爷________________________
2. 杰姆的房间__________________________
3. 我奶奶的钱包_______________________
4. 那些学生的书_______________________
5. 这些工人的外套______________________
6. 那些小孩的父母_____________________
7. 那些男人的帽子____________________
8. 那间教室的窗户_____________________
9. 海伦的同学________________________
10. 这些男孩的床________________________
11. 汤姆的姑父_________________________
12. 我兄弟的钢笔_________________________
13. 那些老师的书桌_____________________
14. 这些医生的杯子________________________
15. 那些女孩的座位____________________
16. 那些女人的自行车_____________________
17. 那些警察的裤子____________________
18. 那个书包的颜色___________________________
小学英语语法复习要点2
代词
一代词：代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。
二代词的种类：人称代词和物主代词
1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。
人称代词
物主代词
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
我
I
me
我的
my
mine
你，你们
you
you
你的，你们的
your
yours
他
he
him
他的
his
his
她
she
her
她的
her
hers
它
it
it
它的
its
its
我们
we
us
我们的
our
ours
他（她，它）们
they
them
他（她，它）们的
their
theirs
单数复数
1. 人称代词主格 I , you, he, she, it, we, you, they
宾格 me, you,him, her, it, us, you , them
2. 物主代词形容词性的物主代词 my, your, his , her, its, our, your ,their
名词性的物主代词 mine, yours, his,hers, its, ours, yours, theirs
3. 反身代词 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves ,yourselves, themselves...
4. 相互代词有：each other, one another...
5. 指示代词：this , that , these , those ,
6. 疑问代词 who, what, whose...
7. 关系代词 which, that, who, whom...
8. 连接代词 what, who, whose...
9. 不定代词 没有指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词all, each, both, either, neither, one, any...
三、代词的使用方法
1. 人称代词是表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。
2. 物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。
物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种。
3. 表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我们自己”、“你们自己”和“他们自己”等的代词，叫做自身代词，也称为“反身代词”。
注意：在连续使用两个以上人称代词时，通常单数you放在第一位，I放在最后；复数we放在第一位，they放在最后。
简单记成：单数2,3,1，复数1,2,3。都是三人称，女后男在先。
例如：
You and I can help each other.They couldn‘t have seen Tom and me there.
You, Tom and I are leaving next month.You or they must pass the exam.
We, you and they should go there together.
练习题：
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )
8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10. Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. ( they )
11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20. May I sit beside _________? ( you )
21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ）
22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4. ________is my brother. _______ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are ________. ( he )
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )
8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10. Are these _______ tickets? No, _______ are not _______. ________ aren’t here. ( they )
11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20. May I sit beside _________? ( you )
21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it）
22. The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
一般现在时基本用法介绍
一、一般现在时的功能
1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3. 表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
二、一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。
2. 行为动词：肯定句：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
动词+s的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
特殊：have----has
三、一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I m not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
2. 行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don t( doesn t ) +动词原形(+其它)。
如：I don t like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn t构成否定句。如：He doesn t often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don t.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？
如：How does your father go to work?
一般现在时用法练习
一、出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______ pass_______
carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________study_______ brush________ do______ teach_______ like_______ play_______ read_______ wash_______ be_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _____ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12.They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _____(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _____(be) it today?－ It’s Saturday.
三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)__________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
__________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_
__________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
小学英语语法【二】现在进行时
现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：
疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+ be + 动词ing?
标志词：look now listen It’s +点钟
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing
如：make-making, taste-tasting ,write—writing , ride—riding ,have—having come—coming dance—dancing live—living take—taking skate—skating
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing
如：swim—swimming begin—beginning run-running, sit—sitting put—putting get—getting shop—shopping stop-- stopping
现在进行时练习
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run_________ swim________
ake__________go________skate________
rite________ ski_________read________
ave_________sing________dance_________
ut_________ see________ buy _________
ove____________live_______take_________
ome________ get_________stop_________
sit________begin________shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1. The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6. They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7. Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8. What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10. ______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________
4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
______________________________________________________
小学英语语法【三】一般将来时
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do；②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。
一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who
例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’sgoing to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What … do.
例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.
→Whatis your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When.
例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →Whenis she going to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I _____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _______ ______ next Monday? I ______ ______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
改句子。
5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）
Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）
I _______ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot.
But today is rain. He __________ (go) to school by bike.
14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?
15. It’s Friday today. What ___she ____ (do) this weekend? She ______(watch) TV and_______ (catch) insects.
16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm.
What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now
小学英语语法【四】一般过去时
一、一般过去时语法介绍
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴ am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵ are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
⑶ 带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句：⑴ 疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵ 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?
二、动词过去式变化规则
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式：
词义
现在（原形）
过去式
词义
现在（原形）
过去式
是
am, is (be)
was
忘记
forget
forgot
是
are (be)
were
得到
get
got
成为
become
became
给
give
gave
开始
begin
began
走
go
went
弯曲
bend
bent
成长
grow
grew
吹
blow
blew
有
have, has
had
买
buy
bought
听
hear
heard
能
can
could
受伤
hurt
hurt
捕捉
catch
caught
保持
keep
kept
选择
choose
chose
知道
know
knew
来
come
came
学习
learn
learned, learnt
切
cut
cut
允许，让
let
let
做
do, does
did
躺
lie
lay
画
draw
drew
制造
make
made
饮
drink
drank
可以
may
might
吃
eat
ate
意味
mean
meant
感觉
feel
felt
会见
meet
met
发现
find
found
必须
must
must
飞
fly
flew
放置
put
put
读
read
read
将
shall
should
骑、乘
ride
rode
唱歌
sing
sang
响、鸣
ring
rang
坐下
sit
sat
跑
run
ran
睡觉
sleep
slept
说
say
said
说
speak
spoke
看见
see
saw
度过
spend
spent
扫
sweep
swept
三、过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
isam_________ fly_______ plant________
are________drink_________play_______
go________ make________does_________
dance________worry________ask_____
taste_________eat__________draw________
put ______throw________ kick_________
pass_______ do ________
四、Be动词的过去时练习
Be动词练习一
（一）用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now.2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.4.They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There _______ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone ______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
（二）句型转换
1. It was exciting.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. All the students were very excited.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
Be动词的过去时练习二
（一）用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June.
It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
（二）句型转换
1. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
中译英
1． 我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。___________________________________________________________
2． 他们的外套上个星期放在卧室里了。__________________________________________________________
3． 一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。__________________________________________________________
五、行为动词的过去时练习一
（一）用行为动词的适当形式填空
1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.
3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. I ______ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
6. They ______ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.
8. The girls ____ (sing) and ___ (dance) at the party.
（二）句型转换
1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. Nancy went to school early. 否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3. We sang some English songs.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习二
（一）用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
（二）句型转换
1. They played football in the playground.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
汉译英
1. 格林先生去年住在中国。________________________________________________________
2. 昨天我们参观了农场。________________________________________________________
3. 他刚才在找他的手机。________________________________________________________
（一）用动词的适当形式填空
1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.
2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.
3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.
4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)
6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)
7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.
8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.
9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.
2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do)
5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)
7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water)
8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.
9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.
10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)
小学英语语法（五）（Have、Has和There be结构）
一、Have、Has和There be结构
1、There be结构包括there is there are there was there were
2、意思都是"有"。
3、和have、has、had的区别：
（1）There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
（2）在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定。即遵循就近原则。
（3）there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
（4）there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
（5）some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。
（6）and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。
（7）针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
（8）针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：What s + 介词短语？
（9）There be结构一般用在句子的开头，而have等词只能用于某一个主语后面。
Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”
1. I________a good father and a good mother.
2. ____________a telescope on the desk.
3. He_________a tape-recorder.
4. _____________a basketball in the playground.
5. She__________some dresses.
6. They___________a nice garden.
7. What do you___________?
8. ______________a reading-room in the building?
9. What does Mike___________?
10. ______________any books in the bookcase?
11. My father_________a story-book.
12. _______________a story-book on the table.
13. _______________any flowers in the vase?
14. How many students____________in the classroom?
15. My parents___________some nice pictures.
16. _____________some maps on the wall.
17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.
18. David__________a telescope.
19. David’s friends___________some tents.
20. ______________many children on the hill.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1、There a lot of sweets in the box.
2、There some milk in the glass.
3、There some people under the the big tree.
4、There a picture and a map on the wall.
5、Therea box of rubbers near the books.
6、There lots of flowers in our garden last year.
7、There a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.
8、There four cups of coffee on the table.
Fill in the blank with “ have, has ”
1. I_________ a nice puppet.
2. He_________a good friend.
3. They__________ some masks.
4. We___________some flowers.
5. She___________ a duck.
6. My father____________ a new bike.
7. Her mother___________a vase.
8. Our teacher_________ an English book.
9. Our teachers___________a basketball.
10. Their parents___________some blankets
11. Nancy_________many skirts.
12. David__________some jackets.
13. My friends__________a football.
14. What do you__________?
15. What does Mike__________?
16. What do your friends___________?
17. What does Helen___________?
18. His brother________a basketball.
19. Her sister_________a nice doll.
20. Miss Li__________an English book.
小学英语语法复习
要点1名词
可数名词：表示可以具体个别存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a/an连用。
可数名词复数规则：
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．以结尾o的通常有生命的加-es, 无生命的加-s 如：两人三物：黑人Negro、英雄hero，马铃薯potato、西红柿tomato、芒果mango。
6．不规则名词复数：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice，child-childrenfoot-feet,tooth-teeth
fish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质（grass草，ice冰），抽象的名词（help帮助，music音乐）。
不可数名词没有复数（如some water）,不能与不定冠词a/an连用。
不可数名词:paper juice water milk rice tea bread hair orange time chicken
1、不可数名词没有复数形式。
2、数量+容器+ of +不可数名词如：a cup of tea 一杯茶
数量+单位+of+不可数名词如：a piece of bread 一片面包
练习：
一瓶水两瓶水一袋大米三袋大米一盒牛奶四盒牛奶
一张纸 十张纸 一公斤鸡肉 十五公斤鸡肉
写出下列各词的复数
photo ____________ diary ____________
day_____________ dress _______________
thief ___________ yo-yo ___________
peach___________ juice________________
water ____________ rice______________
tea ______________ man____________
woman____________ banana ___________
bus___________ child ____________
foot _____________ sheep ____________
leaf(树叶) ________ dish ____________
knife _____________ pen____________
boy__________ baby___________
map _____________ city ____________
box __________ book ___________
class ____________ eye ____________
office ________ car____________
fox(狐狸) ___________ watch ____________
library ________ pear ___________
skirt ____________ shelf _____________
cinema __________ tomato _________
tooth ____________ wife____________
Englishman________ paper __________
milk___________ Frenchman ___________
postman __________ family __________
mouse __________
people (人们) __________
fish _________ brush ________
mango __________ Japanese ___________
sandwich__________policeman__________
watermelon______________
Chinese_____________
strawberry___________
match _________________
glass __________
小学英语语法复习要点2
名词所有格
1、名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：
(1) 表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。
如：Childern’s Day(儿童节), my sister’s book(我姐姐的书)
(2) 以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。
如：Teachers’ Day(教师节)
(3) 有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s.
如：today’s newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes’ break(十分钟的课间休息),China’s population(中国的人口).
(4) 无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。
如：a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).
2、[注解]：
① ‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)
② 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B’s 的形式,如：Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)
③ “of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)
短语翻译：
1. 我的的爷爷________________________
2. 杰姆的房间__________________________
3. 我奶奶的钱包_______________________
4. 那些学生的书_______________________
5. 这些工人的外套______________________
6. 那些小孩的父母_____________________
7. 那些男人的帽子____________________
8. 那间教室的窗户_____________________
9. 海伦的同学________________________
10. 这些男孩的床________________________
11. 汤姆的姑父_________________________
12. 我兄弟的钢笔_________________________
13. 那些老师的书桌_____________________
14. 这些医生的杯子________________________
15. 那些女孩的座位____________________
16. 那些女人的自行车_____________________
17. 那些警察的裤子____________________
18. 那个书包的颜色___________________________
小学英语语法复习要点2
代词
一代词：代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。
二代词的种类：人称代词和物主代词
1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。
人称代词
物主代词
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
我
I
me
我的
my
mine
你，你们
you
you
你的，你们的
your
yours
他
he
him
他的
his
his
她
she
her
她的
her
hers
它
it
it
它的
its
its
我们
we
us
我们的
our
ours
他（她，它）们
they
them
他（她，它）们的
their
theirs
单数复数
1. 人称代词主格 I , you, he, she, it, we, you, they
宾格 me, you,him, her, it, us, you , them
2. 物主代词形容词性的物主代词 my, your, his , her, its, our, your ,their
名词性的物主代词 mine, yours, his,hers, its, ours, yours, theirs
3. 反身代词 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves ,yourselves, themselves...
4. 相互代词有：each other, one another...
5. 指示代词：this , that , these , those ,
6. 疑问代词 who, what, whose...
7. 关系代词 which, that, who, whom...
8. 连接代词 what, who, whose...
9. 不定代词 没有指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词all, each, both, either, neither, one, any...
三、代词的使用方法
1. 人称代词是表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。
2. 物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。
物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种。
3. 表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我们自己”、“你们自己”和“他们自己”等的代词，叫做自身代词，也称为“反身代词”。
注意：在连续使用两个以上人称代词时，通常单数you放在第一位，I放在最后；复数we放在第一位，they放在最后。
简单记成：单数2,3,1，复数1,2,3。都是三人称，女后男在先。
例如：
You and I can help each other.They couldn‘t have seen Tom and me there.
You, Tom and I are leaving next month.You or they must pass the exam.
We, you and they should go there together.
练习题：
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )
8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10. Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. ( they )
11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20. May I sit beside _________? ( you )
21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ）
22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4. ________is my brother. _______ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are ________. ( he )
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )
8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10. Are these _______ tickets? No, _______ are not _______. ________ aren’t here. ( they )
11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20. May I sit beside _________? ( you )
21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it）
22. The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
