（上教版2020）2023-2024学年高一英语上学期 必修一 第一次月考卷

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2023-2024学年高一英语上学期第一次月考
A卷·基础知识达标检测
（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分）
（测试范围：上教版2020必修第一册 Unit 1 Our World）

I．Word-spelling (10’)
1. Each person's signature is __________（独一无二的）.
2. The building is  c__________（目前）being used as a warehouse. .
3. Teachers should i_________（激励）all students to think creatively.
4. The players had to change their daily _________（常规）and lifestyle.
5. She now helps in a local school as a _________（志愿者）three days a week.
6. A newspaper report seems to r_________（反映）the view of most members.
7. This pattern of woods and fields is t_________（典型的）of the English landscape.
8. The people in Wuhan pay their r_________（致敬）to the nurses from the whole country.
9. If you a_________（获得）something, you buy or obtain it for yourself, or someone gives it to you.
10. The new _________（数码的）technology would allow a rapid expansion in the number of TV channels.
【答案】1.unique 2.currently  3.inspire 4.routine 5.volunteer 6.reflect 7.typical
8. respects 9.acquire 10.digital

II. Fill in the blank with phrases (10’)
well off; be keen on; be ashamed of; in all ; on behalf of ; refer to
deliver a speech; be particular about; on the scene; on schedule
11. They would never ___________ that matter again.
12. You should ______________ yourself for telling such lies.
13. In addition, a hero must be optimistic and diligent and__________ his hard work.
14. It won't be long before the Chinese people will become _______________.
15. Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help ________________my colleagues.
16. The emergency services were ________________ within minutes.

17. The president will ________________ about schools.
18. Ted may ________________ the colours he used.
19. He spent very little time at school, perhaps no more than a year________________ .
20. We should give this project every support so that it may be completed ________________ .
【答案】
11. refer to 12.be ashamed of 13. be keen on 14. well off 15.on behalf of
16. on the scene 17.deliver a speech 18.be particular about 19.in all 20.on schedule

III. Verb-filling (10’)
21.It is believed that a new kind of drug （develop）by the scientists and they are hopeful that they will succeed in a couple of months．
21.【答案】is being developed
【解析】句意：据相信一种新的药物正在被科学家研发，他们希望几个月后他们能成功。根据句中they will succeed in a couple of months可知药正在研发过程中，故用进行时，drug与develop为被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态。
22.Would you please keep silent？The weather report （broadcast）and I want to listen．
22.【答案】is being broadcast
【解析】句意：请你保持安静好吗？正在广播天气预报，我想听听。根据句意可知，broadcast与主语the weather report构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且该动作正在进行，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态形式。
23. Over the years, many things (add) to the story of St Nicholas, changing him to the Father Christmas we know of today.
23.【答案】have been added
【解析】句意：多年来，圣尼古拉斯的故事中增加了许多东西，把他变成了我们今天所知道的圣诞老人。时间状语over the years（这么多年来），指的是一种从几年前持续到现在的一种情况，因此通常与现在完成时连用。主语many things是复数形式，故填have been added。
24.Currently，about 35，000 works （display）in over 300 rooms in the Louvre，and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
24.【答案】are being displayed
【解析】句意：现如今，大约有35000件作品摆放在罗浮宫。想要看完所有的作品将花费一生的时间。
display the works摆放作品he逻辑主语之间是被动关系；再看时态，currently意为目前，用现在时。
25.People are concerned about the case that （investigate） by the police.
25.【答案】is being investigated
【解析】句意：人们对警方正在调查的案件很关心。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句修饰先行词the case，并在定语从句中作主语，that和investigate之间是被动关系；由主句部分的are可知句子是现在时。根据句意"人们对警方正在调查的案件很关心。"可知，that定语从句中的谓语动词应该用现在进行时的被动语态。
26.The best cake in the world （make）by my mom now．Please wait an hour to enjoy it．
26.【答案】is being made
【解析】句意：我妈妈现在正在制作世界上最好吃的蛋糕，请等候一个小时品尝一下。根据句中的时间状语now和介词by可知，这应该是一个现在时的被动动作，而Please wait an hour to enjoy it一句说明蛋糕还没有做好，所以使用现在进行的被动语态。
27.﹣What are you going to do this weekend？
﹣I'm going to an exhibition of photographs which （hold）these days．
27.【答案】is being held
【解析】句意：﹣﹣这个周末你要做什么？﹣﹣我要去看现在正在进行的照片展览。根据句意和these days可知用现在进行时，而且 an exhibition of photographs 和hold是被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态．
28.Because of the Russian gas limit to Europe， attempts （make）to use botanical fuel as a source of power．
28.【答案】are being made
【解析】句意：因为俄罗斯对欧洲石油的限制，他们正在试图使用生物燃料作为一种能源。考查时态和被动语态．make attempts to do sth．"尝试做某事"．attempts作主语，用被动语态．
29.Art is everywhere around us.Look!Beautiful works of art （paint）on that building.
29.【答案】are being painted
【解析】句意：艺术在我们周围无处不在。美丽的艺术品正在那座建筑物上画着。本题考查时态语态。分析句子结构，Beautiful works of art作主语，谓语动词应该用复数形式；主语Beautiful works of art和谓语动词paint之间为被动关系；由句中的Look!可知，句子中谓语动词时态应该用现在进行时的被动语态，即are being painted。
30.Don't get close to the walls which （paint）.
30.【答案】are being painted
【解析】句意：不要靠近正在粉刷的墙壁。分析句子可知，该空为定语从句中的谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处在讲述正在发生的事情，句子用现在进行时，主语which指代先行词walls，与paint之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态，且主语为复数形式，故be动词用are。

IV. Grammar （10’）
I have some good news and some bad news. First, the bad news: Just 31 (have) good grades may not be sufficient to get you your high school diploma. That’s because, as of last year, students are required to complete 90 days of practical training and 60 hours of volunteering in order to graduate. Now, the good news: the new requirements are going to give you a head start in coping with the real world _____32__ _______your school days are over.
The Ministry of Education made the changes because it 33 (want) students to break out of their cocoons (茧). The ministry feels there are valuable and necessary lessons 34 (learn) outside of the classroom — lessons such as the responsibilities required in a workplace and, by volunteering, the responsibilities required of a good citizen.
The ministry’s changes, however, 35 be somewhat problematic. Students are busy with school work, so where will they find the time? 36 many organizations need volunteers on weekends and you can easily meet that part of the requirement, finding a place to do your practical training will be more difficult. It will probably have to be done during vacations.
Many Western companies offer internships (实习机会) and summer jobs to high school students. They see____37____ as part of their corporate responsibility and it’s also a good way for them to identify potential employees. Chinese companies, however, offer fewer internships and summer jobs, and their programs are not well-developed. Students may just end up sitting around all day. 38 (bad) yet, there are some companies which do hire students but just to exploit their labor. There are stories of vocational school students who, as part of their practical training, 39 (send) to factories where they assemble computer parts. They spend long hours on an assembly line and are paid low wages. Not much to learn there 40 how to be tired, bored and broke.
Hopefully, your practical experience will be better and you will learn useful lessons. The most important of which is, as one businessman said, “In the workplace, you have to get an A-plus all the time-being” just good enough “just isn’t good enough”.
【答案】
31．having 32．as soon as 33．wants 34．to be learned/ to be learnt 35．can/may/might 36．Unless 37．it 38．Worse 39．are sent 40．except
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新的高中毕业要求，包括完成实习和志愿服务，并讨论了这些要求可能带来的问题和好处。
31．考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，坏消息是：只有一个好成绩可能不足以让你拿到高中文凭。may前面缺少主语，动名词作主语，表示一般性的情况。故填having。
32．考查时间状语从句。句意：现在好消息是：你的学生时代一结束，新的要求会让你在应对现实世界方面领先一步。学业一结束，as soon as表示“一……就”，引导时间状语从句。故填as soon as。
33．考查动词时态。句意：教育部做了改变，因为它希望学生打破束缚他们的茧。陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词用单数。故填wants。
34．考查非谓语动词。句意：该部认为，在课堂之外也可以学到宝贵和必要的课程，例如在工作场所需要承担的责任，以及通过志愿服务，一个好公民需要承担的责任。分析可知，此处用不定式作后置定语，表将来，lessons和learn之间是被动关系。故填to be learned或to be learnt。
35．考查情态动词。句意：然而教育部的改变可能有些问题。表示可能，用情态动词may，might或can，后面加动词原形。故填can或may或might。
36．考查条件状语从句。句意：除非许多组织在周末需要志愿者，你可以很容易地满足这部分的要求，否则找到一个地方做你的实践训练将是比较困难的。根据“will be more difficult”得知，前面是除非有条件，否则很困难。用unless表示除非，引导条件状语从句。故填Unless。
37．考查代词。句意：他们把它视为公司责任的一部分，这也是他们识别潜在员工的好方法。代词it指代前面“提供实习机会和暑假工作”这种做法。故填it。
38．考查形容词比较级。句意：然而更糟的是，有一些公司雇佣学生只是为了剥削他们的劳动。根据“end up sitting around all day.”得知，学生可能只是干坐一天，下面说到更糟糕的情况。用形容词比较级。故填Worse。
39．考查时态语态。句意：有一些职业学校的学生，作为他们实践训练的一部分，把他们送到工厂去组装电脑部件。who引导定语从句，做主语指代先行词学生，学生和送是被动关系。谓语用被动语态。陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，先行词是复数，be动词使用are。故填are sent。
40．考查介词。句意：他们在装配线上工作时间长，工资低。在那里没多少可学的，除了如何累，无聊和身无分文。根据“Not much to learn”得知，除了累不会学到太多。故填except。

V. Cloze (15’)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
It’s hardly surprising that weather is a favorite topic for so many people around the world. It 41 where we choose to live, what we wear, our moods, and perhaps even our national features. A sunny day can lessen the deepest 42 , while very bad weather can destroy homes and threaten lives.
The human race has always tried to 43 the weather, especially in areas of the world where there are many changes. Two popular traditional ways of predicting weather use pine cones(松果) and seaweed(海草). When the air has a high level of humidity(湿度), there is a higher chance of rain. When the humidity is low, there is more chance of 44 weather. Pine cones and seaweed feels dry when the humidity is low, while high humidity has the 45 effect.
Today’s methods of prediction increasingly depend on 46 . Satellites, balloons, ships, aircraft and weather centers with 47 equipment send data to computers. The data is then   48 , and the weather is predicted. However, 49 this system can not predict weather for longer than about a week.
A recent study by an Australian scientist suggests that certain people may have a special   50 for predicting weather. However, it is possible that these people could use their talent in another way, since the same group had a lot of 51 in predicting changes in another system—the stock market.
It 52 that a study of weather may also enable scientists to predict the sudden 53 of a disease. An Ebola epidemic (a kind of disease) in Uganda in the year 2000 came after the same rare _____54_____ conditions that had been present before a sudden spread of the disease 6 years earlier. 55 , efforts to limit the spread of air-borne diseases such as foot and mouth are also strongly dependent on favorable wind conditions.
41. A．shows B．affects C．predicts D．introduces
42. A．enjoyment B．sadness C．excitement D．laziness
43. A．guess B．use C．change D．improve
44. A．windy B．bad C．fine D．cold
45. A．direct B．opposite C．immediate D．damaging
46. A．industry B．intelligence C．technology D．people
47. A．monitoring B．predicting C．shaping D．moving
48. A．used B．handled C．shared D．stored
49. A．also B．still C．only D．even
50. A．gift B．reputation C．application D．liking
51. A．differences B．interest C．difficulty D．success
52. A．happens B．occurs to me C．appears D．turns out
53. A．start B．control C．cure D．cause
54. A．living B．working C．health D．weather
55. A．On the other hand B．For example C．In addition D．As a result
【答案】
41．B 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．D 50．A 51．D 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天气和人类生活息息相关，作者讲述古代和现在对天气预测的方法，以及天气预测能力对其它领域（股票，疾病等）的作用。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它影响我们选择居住的地方，我们的穿着，我们的情绪，甚至可能影响我们的民族特征。 A. shows显示；B. affects影响；C. predicts预测；D. introduces介绍。由后文“very bad weather can destroy homes and threaten lives”可知，天气会“影响”到我们的生活。故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：晴朗的一天可以减轻最深的悲伤，而恶劣的天气可以摧毁家园，威胁生命。A. enjoyment享受；B. sadness悲伤；C. excitement兴奋；D. laziness懒惰。由后文while以及后面句子“very bad weather can destroy homes and threaten lives”可知，这里while表对比，坏天气会对我们家园和生命有害，那好天气可以减轻我们的“悲伤”。故选B项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人类一直试图猜测天气，尤其是在世界上变化很多的地区。 A. guess猜测；B. use使用；C. change改变；D. improve改进。由后文“ predicting weather ”可知，人类一直试图“猜测”天气。故选A项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：湿度低时，天气晴朗的可能性更大。A. windy多风的；B. bad坏的；C. fine好的，晴朗的；D. cold冷的。由前文“When the air has a high level of humidity, there is a higher chance of rain.”可知，湿度越大，可能会下雨，那湿度小则可能是“晴朗的”天气。故选C项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：松果和海藻在湿度较低时会感到干燥，而高湿度会产生相反的效果。A. direct直接的；B. opposite相反的；C. immediate立即的；D. damaging破坏性的。由上文“Pine cones and seaweed feels dry when the humidity is low”可知，如果湿度较大，则可能有“相反的”效果，松果和海藻会感到湿润。故选B项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天的预测方法越来越依赖于技术。A. industry工业；B. intelligence智能；C. technology技术；D. people人员。由后文“Satellites, balloons, ships, aircraft and weather centers”可知，现在天气预测依靠的是“技术”。故选C项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：带有监测设备的卫星、气球、轮船、飞机和气象中心向计算机发送数据。A. monitoring监控；B. predicting预测；C. shaping塑造；D. moving移动。由后文“send data to computers”可知，前前面的卫星等应有“监测”系统，可以把数据发给电脑。故选A项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后对数据进行处理，并预测天气。A. used使用；B. handled处理；C. shared共享；D. stored存储。由前文“ data ”以及结合语境可知，数据先需要“分析处理”，然后才可以预测天气。故选B项。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，即使这个系统也不能预测超过一周的天气。A. also同样；B. still仍然；C. only只有；D. even甚至。由前文“However”表转折可知，尽管我们用高科技预测天气，然而，“即使”这样系统也不能预测较长时间的天气情况。故选D项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：澳大利亚科学家最近的一项研究表明，某些人在预测天气方面可能有特殊的天赋。A. gift天赋，礼物；B. reputation声誉；C. application申请；D. liking喜好。由后文“ could use their talent in another way”可推知，有些人在预测天气方面是有“天赋”。故选A项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这些人可能会以另一种方式使用他们的才能，因为同一组人在预测另一个系统——股市的变化方面取得了很多成功。A. differences差异；B. interest兴趣；C. difficulty困难；D. success成功。由前文“their talent”可知，这些人有天赋，所以能“成功”预测股市的变化。故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看来，对天气的研究也可以使科学家预测疾病的突然开始。 A. happens发生；B. occurs to me我突然想到；C. appears出现，看起来；D. turns out结果。由后文“favorable wind conditions”可知，事实证明，有些疾病和天气有关系，所以“看起来”研究天气可以帮助科学家预测疾病。故选C项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. start开始；B. control控制；C. cure治愈；D. cause导致。由后文“Ebola epidemic (a kind of disease) in Uganda in the year 2000 came ”可知，可以天气可帮助预测疾病的“开始”。故选A项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2000年，在乌干达爆发埃博拉疫情（一种疾病）之前，6年前该疾病突然传播之前，同样出现了罕见的天气状况。A. living生活；B. working工作；C. health健康；D. weather天气。由前文“ a study of weather may also enable scientists to predict the sudden start of a disease. ”可知，这里主要说明少见的“天气”情况和埃博拉疫情疫情爆发有关。故选D项。
55．考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，限制口蹄疫等空气传播疾病传播的努力也在很大程度上取决于有利的风力条件。A. On the other hand另一方面；B. For example例如；C. In addition 此外；D. As a result作为结果。由前文“Ebola epidemic ”和下文“ air-borne diseases such as foot and mouth ”可知，下文又在介绍另外与天气有关的的疾病，所以前后句子是并列关系，应用In addition。故选C项。

VI. Reading （22’）
A
“Going after the footprints of wild animals, you can see the most beautiful scenery in the world. You can see the other side of the world, full of strength, wildness and tenderness,” said Xi Zhinong about being a wildlife photographer.
In 1983, 19-year-old Xi had an opportunity to take part in shooting a film about wild birds. At the time, people didn’t know how to photograph these birds without disturbing them. Crews used to catch the birds, tie their legs with ropes and then put them back on tree branches for shooting. Xi thought the birds captured this way had no life. Instead, he set out to learn how to photograph and film birds while they were in flight. The more Xi filmed, the more he saw the cruelty of animals killing. Xi thought he should do more to help protect the wildlife, as focusing on birds was far from enough.
In 1992, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) launched a three-year research project focused on black snub-nosed monkeys, an endangered species in southwest China’s Yunnan Province, Xi’s hometown. Xi followed the researchers to reach the forests at 4,000 meters above sea level. He became the first to film these striking monkeys in the wild. After years of effort, Xi’s documentary film “Mystery Yunnan Snub-Nosed Monkey” won several international awards, including the TVE award at England’s Wildscreen Festival in 2002.
Xi not only films endangered species, but has also taken on the mission of raising awareness for the protection of wild animals and their homes by giving lectures in cities throughout the country.
Now, he owns a studio “Wild China Film” and uses his images to preserve nature. “I hope to demonstrate the most vivid and realistic scenery to the public. I wish natural reserves can be found everywhere in China, but the most important thing is that these reserves are impressed upon in the minds of everybody,” Xi noted.
56．In shooting a film about wild birds, Xi Zhinong __________.
A．found what crews used to do with birds was practical
B．realized he should play a role in protecting wild animals
C．appreciated the beautiful scenery by following wild birds
D．improved the way of taking photographs of captured birds
57．Through the three-year WWF project, __________.
A．Xi carried out the pioneering research by himself
B．Xi discovered the mystery of his hometown forests
C．Xi won awards for his photos of the endangered species
D．Xi exposed the black snub-nosed monkeys to the world
58．Which of the following statements is TRUE of Xi?
A．He is making efforts to promote wildlife preservation.
B．He is fond of making films of the hidden side of the world.
C．He is proud of being recognized as a famous photographer.
D．He aims at showing natural scenery in China to other countries.
59．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A．Narrating the bird film to the public
B．Impressing the world with self-image
C．Growing from photographer to defender
D．Turning unknown monkeys into superstars
【答案】56．B 57．D 58．A 59．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了野生动物摄影师Xi Zhinong从追踪拍摄野生动物到投身于保护野生动物的事业中的事迹。
56．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 1983, 19-year-old Xi had an opportunity to take part in shooting a film about wild birds.(1983年，19岁的习有机会参加拍摄一部关于野生鸟类的电影)”和“The more Xi filmed, the more he saw the cruelty of animals killing. Xi thought he should do more to help protect the wildlife, as focusing on birds was far from enough.(习拍得越多，就越看到动物杀戮的残忍。习认为他应该为保护野生动物做更多的事情，因为只关注鸟类是远远不够的)”可知，在拍摄一部关于野生鸟类的电影时，习子龙意识到自己应该为保护野生动物出一份力。故选B项。
57．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 1992, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) launched a three-year research project focused on black snub-nosed monkeys, an endangered species in southwest China’s Yunnan Province, Xi’s hometown.(1992年，世界自然基金会启动了一项为期三年的研究项目，重点研究中国西南部云南省的濒危物种滇金丝猴，那里是习的家乡)”和“After years of effort, Xi’s documentary film ‘Mystery Yunnan Snub-Nosed Monkey’ won several international awards, including the TVE award at England’s Wildscreen Festival in 2002.(经过多年努力，习的纪录片《神秘滇金丝猴》获得了多个国际奖项，包括2002年英国Wildscreen Festival的TVE奖)”可知，通过为期三年的世界自然基金会项目，习将滇金丝猴展现在世人面前。故选D项。
58．细节理解题。根据第四段“Xi not only films endangered species, but has also taken on the mission of raising awareness for the protection of wild animals and their homes by giving lectures in cities throughout the country. (习不仅拍摄濒危物种，还在全国各地城市举办讲座，提高人们保护野生动物及其家园的意识)”和最后一段中习所说的话“I wish natural reserves can be found everywhere in China, but the most important thing is that these reserves are impressed upon in the minds of everybody,(我希望自然保护区在中国到处都能找到，但最重要的是，这些保护区在每个人的脑海中留下了深刻的印象)”可知，他正在努力推动野生动物保护是正确的表述。故选A项。
59．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了野生动物摄影师Xi Zhinong从追踪拍摄野生动物到投身于保护野生动物的事业的事迹。故“Growing from photographer to defender(从摄影师到守护者)”是文章最佳标题。故选C项。
B
St Andrews & the Fishing Villages of Fife
An ancient university, breathtaking medieval(中世纪的) ruins, and old fashioned coastal villages: explore all this and more on our adventure through Fife.
Places you’ll explore:
Forth Bridge—An incredible engineering achievement, and a UNESCO World Heritage sight.
Anstruther—Be charmed by the cobbled(铺有卵石的) lanes and quaint(古雅的) buildings of this traditional fishing village.
St Andrews Cathedral—This ruined cathedral was once one of Scotland’s most splendid buildings.
St Andrews Old Town—Enjoy the 1,000 years of history as you explore the old streets and ancient castle.
The old Course—Golf was so popular in Scotland, but it was banned in the 15th century. And nowhere was it more popular than in St Andrews, the“Home of Golf.”
Historic Village of Falkland—This quaint town in the Kingdom of Fife boasts(拥有) a beautiful palace and serene(平静的) setting.
Tour detail:
Departs 09:30, Rabbie’s Café Bar, Waterloo Place, Edinburgh, EHI 3EG
Returns 18:00 approx.
Prices—Adult price: £45 per person
Discount price—£40 per person（Seniors over 60 and children between 5 and 15; unfortunately, we don’t allow children under 5 years old on the tour）
Important Information—Pack your waterproof clothing and walking shoes; Falkland Palace is closed from November to Faster
Tour inclusions—Transport in a 16 seat Mercedes mini-coach; Air conditioning as standard; The stories and services of a Rabbie’s driver-guide
Tour exclusions—Entry fees to visitor attractions
Customer reviews:
A great day
Howard Carroll, posted on 18/05/2017
A great day out. Fully recommend the tour. Gillian and Eric were not only friendly but very knowledgeable.
Excellent tour guide
M W Grzelak, posted on 15/02/2017
First time but not my last. Grant was an excellent and intelligent guide who cherishes his Scottish heritage. The tour offered the best venues(场地) and just enough time to experience them.
60．What do we know about the places included in the tour?
A．Anstruther has a modern look.
B．St Andrews Cathedral is in good condition.
C．There is an ancient castle in Falkland Villa.
D．Golf was once a very popular sport in St Andrews
61．According to the passage, a 48-year-old father with his 16-year-old daughter and five-year-old son should pay at least ________.
A．£120 B．£125 C．£130 D．£135
62．The tour is made more attractive by ________.
A．offering different travel choices
B．the good comments from customers
C．showing comparisons(比较) with other tours
D．giving special offers to all customers
【答案】60．D 61．C 62．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了圣安德鲁斯和法夫的渔村的旅行路线和安排细则。
60．细节理解题。根据The old Course中的“The old Course—Golf was so popular in Scotland, but it was banned in the 15th century. And nowhere was it more popular than in St Andrews, the“Home of Golf.”( 古老的高尔夫球场在苏格兰非常受欢迎，但在15世纪被禁止了。没有什么地方比“高尔夫之乡”圣安德鲁斯更受欢迎了。)”可知，在圣安德鲁斯，高尔夫曾经是一项非常受欢迎的运动，故选D。
61．细节理解题。根据Prices中的“Prices—Adult price: £45 per person .Discount price—£40 per person(Seniors over 60 and children between 5 and 15）(价格-成人价格：每人45英镑。优惠价——每人40英镑(60岁以上老人和5 - 15岁的儿童))”可知，一位48岁的父亲带着16岁的女儿和5岁的儿子应该支付至少45*2+40=130英镑。故选C。
62．推理判断题。根据Customer reviews:中的“Fully recommend the tour. Gillian and Eric were not only friendly but very knowledgeable.(充分推荐这条路线。吉莉安和埃里克不仅很友好，而且知识渊博。)”以及“Grant was an excellent and intelligent guide who cherishes his Scottish heritage. The tour offered the best venues and just enough time to experience them.(格兰特是一位优秀而聪明的向导，他珍惜自己的苏格兰遗产。这次旅行提供了最好的场地和足够的时间来体验它们。)”可推断，通过呈现两位顾客赞美的评价性语言，来增加此行程的吸引力和诱惑力。故选B。
C
Gardeners may be able to cut down on the amount of weeds(杂草）killer they use by dealing with invaders at specific times of the day, such as dawn, a new study suggests.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have discovered that the 24-hour rhythms of plants leave them more defenseless to herbicides(除草剂) at different points in their daily 24 hour cycle.
They believe the findings could help farmers by reducing crop loss and improving harvests. And gardeners could benefit from knowing which weeds respond better at certain times of the day. In recent years, pesticides and herbicides have been implicated in the decline of important pollinating insects, such as bees.
Dr Antony Dodd，senior author of the new study，said: “The research suggests that, in future, we might be able to improve the use of some chemicals that are used in agriculture by taking advantage of the biological clock in plants.
Just like humans, plants have evolved to take advantage of cycles of night and day, with certain biological processes turning on at different times of the day.
Scientists have discovered that many drugs work much better in humans if they are given at specific hours. Aspirin, for example, has doubled the impact on thinning the blood if taken at night as opposed to in the morning. The process is known as ‘chronotherapy’ and researchers wanted to find out if the same concept could be applied to plants.
Many gardeners already know that plants drink in more water in the morning because their pores(气孔) are open to take advantage of early morning dew and water vapour. At the break of the day, plants are also not busy producing food throughphotosynthesis(光合作用）.The open pores could also be the reasons that chemicals are more effective at dawn and also at dusk.
The air is also likely to be stiller at dawn and dusk, meaning that pesticides or herbicides are less likely to be blown away to places where they are not wanted. Pesticide labels often warn against spraying on windy days in case they endanger people or animals. Many insects are active early in the morning and around dusk, also making very early morning and early evening effective times for insecticide.
Commenting on the study, Dr. Trevor Dines, Botanical Specialist at the conservation charity Plantlife, said: “This is fascinating research which will be of great interest to many gardeners like me. If anything used to think the opposite was true - that applying herbicides and pesticides late in the day would be better as they’d remain in Vet contact' with the plant for longer in the cool of the night and therefore be taken up or absorbed more effectively. This research knocks that assumption on its head”
63．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “implicated in” in the third paragraph?
A．restored to B．blamed for
C．limited to D．composed of
64．According to the research, what are the reasons for using herbicides in the morning?
A．The process of photosynthesis is most active in the morning.
B．Insects are more defenseless in the morning than any other time of the day.
C．Bigger pores on the plants make herbicides work more effectively.
D．The stronger morning wind blows pesticides away to more places.
65．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Gardeners were interested in combining science with gardening.
B．A long time had passed before herbicide was applied in farming.
C．The old assumption about the use of chemicals proved right.
D．Many gardeners used to spray herbicides at the wrong time.
66．What is the main idea of this article?
A．New chemicals have been found to help kill harmful insects.
B．Biological clock of plants could help gardeners use less weed killer.
C．Plants’ cycles can be taken advantage of to improve the environment.
D．The research on the effects of pesticides has enabled good harvests.
【答案】63．B 64．C 65．D 66．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究表明园丁可以利用植物的生物钟来减少除草剂的使用量。
63．词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“pesticides and herbicides ”可知，杀虫剂和除草剂在杀死害虫和除去杂草的同时还对蜜蜂等重要授粉昆虫产生影响，会导致它们数量的减少，由此可知画线词词义为“归咎于”，故B项正确。
64．细节理解题。根据第七段中的“Many gardeners already know that plants drink in more water in the morning because their pores(气孔) are open to take advantage of early morning dew and water vapour.”及“The open pores could also be the reasons that chemicals are more effective at dawn and also at dusk.”可知，许多园丁已经知道，植物在早晨喝更多的水，因为它们的毛孔是开放的，可以吸收清晨的露水和水蒸气，开放的毛孔也可能是化学物质在黎明和黄昏时更有效的原因，由此可知，在清晨使用除草剂的原因是植物上更大的毛孔使除草剂更有效地发挥作用，故C项正确。
65．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“that applying herbicides and pesticides late in the day would be better”可知，过去人们认为是在白天晚些时候使用除草剂和杀虫剂会更好，由此可知，许多园丁过去常常在错误的时间喷洒除草剂，故D项正确。
66．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究表明园丁可以利用植物的生物钟来减少除草剂的使用量，故B项正确。
【点睛】主旨大意题的难度较大，抓住文章主题是关键，研究发现类说明文一般开篇即点明主题，例如本篇第4题，根据第一段“Gardeners may be able to cut down on the amount of weeds(杂草）killer they use by dealing with invaders at specific times of the day, such as dawn, a new study suggests.”可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究表明园丁可以利用植物的生物钟来减少除草剂的使用量，故B项正确。

VII. Reading and restoring sentences （8’）
The Good of Gardening
Do you have a hobby that helps you relax and unwind? For some people, there is no better way to relieve pressure than spending time in the garden. This small private area of green space can be their place of calm.
67 A survey conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society, found that 82% of people in the UK said that gardening makes them happier. It also found that 70% of them, given the choice, would prefer to spend their working day in the garden with just 9% opting for an office.
For those with green fingers, the pleasure of gardening comes from getting out in the fresh air, in all weathers and communing with nature — even if there are a few too many worms! It can also be seen as a sort of digital-detox — time away from technology. 68
Dr Christopher Lowry, a neuroscientist at the University of Colorado, injected a bacterium commonly found in soil into mice to see what affection this would have on them. 69 When we dig in soil we absorb this bacterium through our lungs or cuts in our so Br Lowry concluded that since the mice seemed happier when treated with soil bacteria, it’s likely we would be, too.
70 There’s evidence that recovering alcoholics who have been given the opportunity to plant, grow, and even sell their produce, have managed to stop their addictive habits. Scot Stephenson, for example, got dismissed from school and started a vocational qualification in gardening. He says, “got my NVQ level 2 which is my first qualification and enjoyed it ever since.”
Whatever the reason, there are many therapeutic benefits to getting your hands dirty, doing some physical hard work and then watching your garden grow. Does this sound like your idea of fun?
A．He found the bacterium had a similar effect on the mice as an anti-depressive drug might.
B．Soil bacteria not only benefit people but also benefit animals.
C．Gardening can also be used as a way of treating addiction.
D．It’s no wonder some of us turn to gardening as a form of therapy.
E．Alcohol can make people behave peculiarly and dangerously in gardening.
F．Some experts actually believe that getting outside to dig and plant things acts as a “natural excitement”.
【答案】67．D 68．F 69．A 70．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种缓解压力的方法——园艺，及园艺的好处。
67．由第一段中“For some people, there is no better way to relieve pressure than spending time in the garden. (对一些人来说，没有比花时间在花园里更好的方式来缓解压力了)”和空后“A survey conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society, found that 82% of people in the UK said that gardening makes them happier. (英国皇家园艺学会进行的一项调查发现，82%的英国人表示园艺能让他们更快乐)”可知，上下文都在讲园艺能缓解压力，让人更快乐，可得出人们会把园艺当作一种治疗方式，D选项“难怪我们中的一些人把园艺作为一种治疗方式。”切合语境。故选D项。
68．由上文“For those with green fingers, the pleasure of gardening comes from getting out in the fresh air, in all weathers and communing with nature — even if there are a few too many worms! t can also be seen as a sort of digital-detox — time away from technology. (对于那些园艺能手来说，园艺的乐趣来自于在任何天气下都能呼吸新鲜空气，与大自然交流——即使有太多的虫子！它也可以被视为一种数字排毒——远离技术的时间)”可知，上文在讲人们去户外/大自然中做园艺的事情及其好处，该空承接上文也应该讲去户外做园艺活动的相关内容，F选项“一些专家实际上认为，到户外挖掘和种植植物是一种‘自然的兴奋’。”切合语境。故选F项。
69．由上文“Dr Christopher Lowry, a neuroscientist at the University of Colorado, injected a bacterium commonly found in soil into mice to see what affection this would have on them. (科罗拉多大学的神经科学家Christopher Lowry博士将一种常见于土壤中的细菌注射到老鼠身上，看看这会对它们产生什么影响)”和下文“When we dig in soil we absorb this bacterium through our lungs or cuts in our so Br Lowry concluded that since the mice seemed happier when treated with soil bacteria, it’s likely we would be, too. (当我们在土壤中挖掘时，我们会通过肺部或伤口吸收这种细菌，因此Br Lowry得出结论，由于小鼠在接受土壤细菌治疗时看起来更快乐，我们很可能也会更快乐)”可知，该段在讲用土壤细菌治疗小鼠的研究发现：治疗时小鼠看起来更快乐，该空内容应与本段研究发现相关，A选项“他发现这种细菌对小鼠的作用与抗抑郁药物相似。”切合语境，A选项中“He”指代上文“Dr Christopher Lowry”。故选A项。
70．C选项“园艺也可以用来治疗成瘾。”提出话题，引出下文“There’s evidence that recovering alcoholics who have been given the opportunity to plant, grow, and even sell their produce, have managed to stop their addictive habits. (有证据表明，那些有机会种植甚至出售农产品的康复酗酒者，已经成功地阻止了他们的成瘾习惯)”园艺治疗成瘾的具体例子。故选C项。

VIII. Translation (15’ =2’+3’+3’+3’+4’)

71．我的同桌总是爱忘记事情（typical）
【答案】It is typical of my deskmate to forget things.
72. 你知道你的眼睛正受到电脑的危害吗？（harm）
【答案】Do you know that your eyes are being harmed by the computer?
73.过来许久，他才为自己对同事之前的态度而感到羞愧（ashamed）
【答案】It was long before he felt ashamed of his previous attitude toward his colleagues
74.当我们遇到问题的时候，要学会反省自己，不能一味责怪他人。(reflect)
【答案】When we encounter problems, we should reflect on ourselves instead of always blaming other people.
75.除了两场讲座外, 这位教授的日程中还包含了参观当地的一所幼儿园（schedule）
【答案】Besides two lectures, a visit to a local kindergarten is also on the professor’s schedules