高考英语一轮复习知识点梳理课件09 动词的被动语态

这是一份高考英语一轮复习知识点梳理课件09 动词的被动语态，共23页。PPT课件主要包含了十大词类等内容，欢迎下载使用。

语态用来表示主语与谓语之间的关系，它是动词的一种形式。 英语中有两种语态： 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
主动语态：Jhn cleaned the rm.被动语态：The rm was cleaned by Jhn.
1. 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词 Ftball is played in mst cuntries in the wrld.2. 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 The fish was caught by Mr. Green.3. 一般将来时：will/shall be +过去分词 Will the huse be built next year?
1 1.一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词
4. 过去将来时：wuld/shuld be +过去分词 He knew he wuld be punished fr drunk driving.5. 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词 Anther bridge is being built ver the river.6. 过去进行时：was/were being +过去分词 This rad was being built this time last year.
7.现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词 N agreement has been reached s far by the tw sides.8.过去完成时：had been +过去分词 When we gt t the cinema, all the tickets had been sld ut.
1. 情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”构成。 1.The pem can be seen in many places. 2. Waste paper shuldn’t be thrwn here.
2. 短语动词的被动语态有不少短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有被动语态。含有短语动词的主动句变为被动句时，其中的介词或副词不可漏掉。 1. I was brught up in a small village. 2. His new thery was laughed at by many scientists at that time.
3. 其他结构的被动语态含be ging t, used t, have t, had better 等结构的主动句变为被动句时，只需将其后的动词变为be +过去分词即可。 1. The sprts meeting is ging t be held sn. 2. All kinds f difficulty have t be vercme.
1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁，或者动作的执行者是谁并不重要时，常用被动语态。 ① My bike was stlen last night. ② The rad was repaired. 2. 突出或强调动作的承受者。 ①The rm was cleaned. ② The criminal was arrested. 3. 当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时使用被动语态。 The bridge was washed away by the fld. 4. 为了使语言得体避免说出动作的执行者。 Yu are requested t make a speech at next meeting.
5.为了增加语句间的连贯性。 1. Harry Ptter is a fantasy nvel. 2. J.K Rwling wrte it. → Harry Ptter is a fantasy nvel, which was written by J.K Rwling.
1. 先将主动句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语；2. 再将主动句中的谓语变成被动形式be dne；3. 最后将主动句中的主语变为由by引起的短语并后置。The pstman delivers the mail. →The mail is delivered by the pstman.Peter wrte the bk. →The bk was written by Peter.
1、主动句为：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 变成被动句时， 将宾语变为被动句中的主语。The gvernment supprted the research.（主动句）→ The research was supprted by the gvernment. （被动句）
例如： My parents bught me a new cmputer.（主动句） →I was bught a new cmputer. （被动句） （主语） （宾语） →A new cmputer was bught fr me. （被动句） （主语）（介词宾语）
2、主动句为：主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语① 把间接宾语变为被动句的主语，直接宾语位置不变。② 把直接宾语变为被动句的主语，间接宾语前面加上介词 t 或 fr。
3、主动句为：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语变成被动句时，将宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语位置不变。 Peple call this team dream team. →This team is called dream team.
4、主动句为：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语从句变成被动句时， 有两种方法：① 常用 it 作形式主语，将宾语从句变为主语从句放在句尾。② 将主动句中从句的主语变为被动句的主语，从句谓语及其他成分 改为不定式短语。
We knw that he is the best dentist in the twn. → It is knwn t us that he is the best dentist in the twn.→ He is knwn t be the best dentist in the twn.
1. 不及物动词不能用于被动语态。常见的这类动词有appear, arise, break ut, cme abut, happen, take place等 A traffic accident happened last night. Great changes have taken place in Tianjin. 2.少数及物动词如 have, becme, cst, enter, reach不能用于被动语态。 A secnd-hand car desn’t cst much.3. 宾语是同源宾语的句子没有被动语态。(宾语和前面的动词在词根上是相同的或在意义上是相近的，这样的宾语叫做同源宾语) They live a happy life.
1.某些系动词 taste, feel, lk, smell, sund, prve 后接形容词作表语,主动形式表达被动意义。 ①The flwers smell sweet. ②The news prved true.2. 某些动词:sell, wash, read, write, wear, play 等作不及物动词与副词 well, easily 连用时，主动形式表达被动意义。 ①The clth washes easily. ② His nvel sells well.3. 某些动词pen, shut, start, act, keep, mve 等作不及物动词时，主动形式表被动意义常与 can’t, wn’t, desn’t 等连用。 ①The dr wn’t shut. ②The library desn’t pen n Sunday.
4. want, need, require表示需要时，可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。 ①The machine needs repairing = The machine needs t be repaired.5. 在“be +形容词+ t d”中，主动表被动。 The passage is difficult t understand.6. be t blame，be t rent 主动表被动。