山东省威海市2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山东省威海市2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共23页。

高二英语
本试卷共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Find a job. B. Take up a hobby. C. Stay at home more.
2. Where does the conversation take place?
A. On a plane. B. In a coffee shop. C. In a grocery store.
3. What does the woman mean?
A. She hopes to live there. B. Someone is moving out. C. The neighborhood is full now.
4. What time will the woman probably arrive at school tomorrow?
A. At 8:50 a.m. B. At 8:55 a.m. C. At 9:00 a.m.
5. How does the man feel at the end of the conversation?
A. Delighted. B. Annoyed. C. Confused.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7题。
6. When is the man’s report due?
A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Friday.
7. Why does the man decide to turn the report in early?
A. He wants to get extra points.
B. He doesn’t want to write more.
C. He will be away when the report is due.
听第7段材料，回答第8和第9题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Their trip to a forest.
B. Their trip to a mountain.
C. Their trip to a wildlife park.
9. What will the speakers do this afternoon?
A. Collect garbage. B. Climb mountains. C. Go fishing.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why was the woman unwilling to take the third basket at first?
A. She didn’t like it. B. She couldn’t afford it. C. She had no space for it.
11. How much will the woman pay for the three baskets?
A. $50. B. $100. C. $150.
12. What will the woman probably do after the conversation?
A. Pick up her college teacher.
B. Meet her friends for a picnic.
C. Go home with her three baskets.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What made Jerry so excited about the game on Saturday?
A. He got the highest points.
B. He acted as the team captain.
C. He scored the winning points.
14. Where will the championship game be held?
A. In London. B. In Los Angeles. C. In Washington, D.C.
15. What does Jerry’s mother want him to do?
A. Go to college. B. Become a coach. C. Train younger players.
16. Who is Jerry probably talking with?
A. His coach. B. His friend. C. His teammate.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 What may customers win if they buy something online before Christmas?
A. A prize of $5000. B. Half off the order. C. Two pairs of headphones.
18. What is the discount on the best-selling headphones?
A. 50% off. B. 30% off. C. 20% off.
19. On which date can customers get the sale offer?
A. December 19th. B. December 25th. C. January 2nd.
20. What might the text be?
A. A lecture. B. A market survey report. C. An advertisement.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
REPORTING DELAYED BAGGAGE
If your baggage is delayed, you must report your missing baggage immediately at the airport, or through the Self Service Baggage Tool (SSBT).
When you have reported your baggage missing, you will be given a Property Irregularity Report (PIR). This is a unique file reference. It is important to save it until you have received your baggage.
When your delayed baggage has been reported, SAS (北欧航空公司) will begin an immediate search. We will keep you updated via text message and email.
DELAYED MORE THAN 24 HOURS
If your baggage is delayed more than 24 hours and you need to buy essential items, or you need to rent equipment because yours is delayed, we will reimburse (赔偿) you for these costs within reasonable limits.
REIMBURSEMENT
The exact definition of what is reasonable depends. SAS considers 75 EUR/person and day as a reasonable amount. You have to limit your expenses to reasonable necessities. And remember to save all receipts.
To get reimbursed for any expenses caused by the baggage delay you need to submit your claim (索赔) online by completing a form, no later than 21 days after your baggage has been delivered to you. You must include your Property Irregularity Report (PIR) and receipts for all the expenses.
If your baggage is delayed on your trip home, we trust that you have access to the things you need. In these cases, the costs of essential items may not be covered by SAS.
In case your baggage remains lost, any reimbursements that we have already paid will be taken away from the final settlement.
1. What should passengers do if their baggage is delayed?
A. Report it at the airport. B. E-mail the airline.
C. Locate it through the SSBT. D. Update personal information.
2. Whose expenses caused by baggage delay may be covered by SAS?
A. Buying family gifts. B. Necessities due to a 12-hour delay.
C. Renting a phone charger. D. Meals for 80 EUR/person and day.
3. When should a passenger submit the claim?
A. After he/she arrives home. B. The moment he/she is given a PIR.
C. When baggage delay is over 24 hours. D. Within 21 days after the baggage delivery.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍行李被延误的处理方法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据REPORTING DELAYED BAGGAGE中的第一段“If your baggage is delayed, you must report your missing baggage immediately at the airport, or through the Self Service Baggage Tool (SSBT). (如果您的行李被延误，您必须立即到机场或通过自助行李服务工具(SSBT)报告您丢失的行李。)”可知，如果行李延误，旅客应该在机场报告。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据DELAYED MORE THAN 24 HOURS中的“If your baggage is delayed more than 24 hours and you need to buy essential items, or you need to rent equipment because yours is delayed, we will reimburse (赔偿) you for these costs within reasonable limits. (如果您的行李延误超过24小时，您需要购买必需品，或者您需要租用设备，我们将在合理的范围内为您报销这些费用。)”可知，行李延误造成的租用手机充电器费用可以由SAS承担。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据REIMBURSEMENT中的第二段“To get reimbursed for any expenses caused by the baggage delay you need to submit your claim (索赔) online by completing a form, no later than 21 days after your baggage has been delivered to you. (要获得因行李延误造成的任何费用报销，您需要在行李交付后21天内通过填写在线表格提交索赔。)”可知，旅客应该在行李交付后21天内提出索赔。故选D。
B

[1] Inakadate is considered the home of Tanbo art, a rice field art form. Its story as a world-renowned tourist destination began in the early 1990s, when local authorities realized that youths were moving to large urban centers continuously, and started brainstorming for ways of reviving (焕发生机) the village. One of the proposed ideas was an art form inspired by the local’s traditional rice farming, done by hand for hundreds of years. Tanbo art involved the use of different-color rice varieties to turn local rice fields into giant canvases (画布) for complicated designs that revealed their beauty when viewed from above.
[2] The first rice field artwork was unveiled in 1993, when purple and yellow rice plants were used to create a detailed picture of Mt. Iwaki — the highest mountain in Aomori — along with easily recognized characters. A viewing platform was set up somewhere above the rice field, from which people could admire the unique artwork in all its glory. The project was so successful that Inakadate authorities decided to turn it into a yearly event.
[3] To create the impressively massive rice field artworks, locals use a technique which involves surveying the rice fields, perspective drawing (透视绘图), and the handmade plantation of various types of rice plants to create the desired visual effect. Tanbo art has come a long way in the last three decades, with designs gradually becoming larger and more complicated.
[4] Many locals say that Tanbo art has saved Inakadate, bringing in impressive numbers of people from all over the world and boosting the local economy. According to CoolJP, around 200,000 people flocked to Inakadate to see its unique artworks in 2006, and by 2016 that number had ballooned to around 340,000.
4. Why was the idea of Tanbo art proposed?
A. To promote the local rice brand. B. To breathe new life into the village.
C. To publicize the traditional rice planting. D. To appeal to youths to start new business.
5. What does the underlined “unveiled” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Painted. B. Selected. C. Discovered. D. Displayed.
6. Which of the following best describes the technique used in Tanbo art?
A. Cutting-edge. B. Traditional. C. Multi-field. D. Unique.
7. Which local industry has benefited most from Tanbo art?
A. Education. B. Tourism. C. Agriculture. D. Architecture.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了起源于日本田舍馆的Tanbo稻田艺术形式。它促进了当地旅游业的发展，从而振兴了田舍馆这个村庄。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inakadate is considered the home of Tanbo art, a rice field art form. Its story as a world-renowned tourist destination began in the early 1990s, when local authorities realized that youths were moving to large urban centers continuously, and started brainstorming for ways of reviving (焕发生机) the village. (田舍馆被认为是Tanbo艺术的发源地，这是一种稻田艺术形式。它作为世界著名的旅游目的地的故事开始于20世纪90年代初，当时地方当局意识到年轻人不断向大城市中心迁移，并开始集思广益，寻找振兴这个村庄的方法。)”可知，提出Tanbo艺术概念的原因是为村庄注入新的活力。故选B。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“The first rice field artwork was unveiled in 1993, when purple and yellow rice plants were used to create a detailed picture of Mt. Iwaki — the highest mountain in Aomori — along with easily recognized characters(第一件稻田艺术品于1993年unveiled，当时人们用紫色和黄色的水稻植株绘制了青森最高山岩城山的详细图片和容易辨认的人物)”可知，人们用紫色和黄色的水稻植株绘制了青森最高山岩城山的详细图片和容易辨认的人物，得以让人们观赏，稻田艺术被展示，人们才能欣赏，由此可推知，第一件稻田艺术品在1993年展示的，划线单词“unveiled”与D项“Displayed.(展示)”意思一样，故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“To create the impressively massive rice field artworks, locals use a technique which involves surveying the rice fields, perspective drawing (透视绘图), and the handmade plantation of various types of rice plants to create the desired visual effect. ( 为了创造令人印象深刻的巨大的稻田艺术品，当地人使用了一种技术，包括测量稻田，透视图，以及各种类型的水稻手工种植，以创造期望的视觉效果。)”可知，Tanbo艺术中使用的技巧是多领域的，故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Many locals say that Tanbo art has saved Inakadate, bringing in impressive numbers of people from all over the world and boosting the local economy. According to CoolJP, around 200,000 people flocked to Inakadate to see its unique artworks in 2006, and by 2016 that number had ballooned to around 340,000.(许多当地人说，Tanbo艺术拯救了田舍馆，从世界各地吸引了大量人口前来观赏，推动了当地经济的发展。根据 CoolJP 的数据，2006年，大约有20万人涌入田舍馆观看其独特的艺术作品，到2016年，这一数字已激增至约34万人。)”可知，Tanbo艺术对本地旅游业的贡献最大，故选B。
C
[1] What do North Carolina’s red wolves, the Eurasian beaver and Przewalski’s horse have in common?
[2] All of them went extinct in the wild — and all of them came back, thanks to reintroduction programs.
[3] Conservation scientists use translocation and captive breeding (圈养繁殖) to re-establish animal populations that have died out in the wild — either entirely or in certain areas. Reintroducing extinct-in-the-wild animals to their native territories can be a double win: helping to restore damaged ecosystems as well as increasing population numbers.
[4] But setting a species loose in the wild is a risky balancing act. Reintroductions often take years and involve multiple stages. Before bringing back a species, conservationists have to evaluate the threat level — both to and from the animal — and the role it played in the ecosystem. In places where wild populations have died out more recently, there’s a better chance of success. The less time that has passed, the more likely that environment is the same as when the species went extinct. But scientists still need to address the reason why it went extinct in that environment to begin with.
[5] Reintroduced animals can have a positive impact on the landscape, but how fast this happens depends on the type of animal and how damaged the environment is. Herbivores (食草动物) can make a significant change relatively quickly, while predators tend to be reintroduced slowly and carefully. Although they can be useful for managing pest species, conservationists have to ensure they don’t overhunt or threaten other vulnerable animals.
[6] A 2020 study highlighted species reintroduction as one of the most effective ways to save endangered animals. The study estimates that conservation action between 1993 and 2020 saved up to 48 species of birds and mammals from extinction, and that the rate of extinction would have been three to four times higher, during that period, without those efforts.
8 What are the reintroduction programs aimed at?
A. Bringing back a species. B. Enlarging a species’ native habitats.
C. Increasing a species’ number. D. Developing new breeding methods.
9. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The collapse of ecosystem. B. Evaluating the threat level.
C. The extinction of a wild population. D. Setting a species loose in the wild.
10. Which of the following may affect the rate of environmental restoration?
A. The size of animals. B. The bio-diversity of animals.
C. The feature of landscapes. D. The extent of environmental damage.
11. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To call on active measures to save species. B. To highlight the necessity of bio-diversity.
C. To introduce an effective conservation action. D. To stress the importance of a balanced ecosystem.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍物种重新引入计划可以有效拯救濒危物种。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Reintroducing extinct-in-the-wild animals to their native territories can be a double win: helping to restore damaged ecosystems, as well as increasing population numbers.(将已经在野外灭绝的动物重新引入它们的栖息地可能是一种双赢：帮助恢复受损的生态系统，同时增加种群数量)”可知，重新引进项目的目的是带回一个物种。故选A。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“In places where wild populations have died out more recently, there’s a better chance of success.(在野生种群最近灭绝的地方，成功的机会更大)”以及后文“the more likely that environment is the same as when the species went extinct(环境越有可能与该物种灭绝时相同)”可知，在野生种群最近灭绝的地方，成功的机会更大，野生种群的灭绝时间越短，环境就越有可能与该物种灭绝时相同。故画线词意思是“野生种群的灭绝”。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Reintroduced animals can have a positive impact on the landscape, but how fast this happens depends on the type of animal and how damaged the environment is.(重新引入的动物可以对景观产生积极的影响，但这种影响发生的速度取决于动物的类型和环境受到的破坏程度)”可知，环境破坏的程度会影响环境恢复的速度。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“A 2020 study highlighted species reintroduction as one of the most effective ways to save endangered animals. The study estimates that conservation action between 1993 and 2020 saved up to 48 species of birds and mammals from extinction, and that the rate of extinction would have been three to four times higher, during that period, without those efforts.(2020年的一项研究强调，物种重新引入是拯救濒危动物最有效的方法之一。该研究估计，1993年至2020年的保护行动挽救了多达48种鸟类和哺乳动物免于灭绝，如果没有这些努力，在此期间的灭绝速度将提高三到四倍)”可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一种有效的保护行动——物种重新引入。故选C。
D

[1] Fingerboards, known as “Tech Decks”, are miniature replicas (微型复制品) of a skateboard. Fingerboarding is in short, when somebody “rides” a fingerboard with fingers.
[2] Typically riding with their middle and index fingers, people perform tricks replicated from skateboarding. 10 cm long and 25 to 34 mm wide, the deck has grip tape on top and trucks with wheels fixed to the bottom of it, allowing it to roll. In a way, fingerboarding is making it possible to mimic the same tricks you did when skateboarding but at your desk this time.
[3] The first fingerboards were little “DIY” boards created by skaters as toys in the 1980s, when they were made of wood, tubes and other materials. Later on, the miniature boards were seen more as keychain attachments (挂饰). However, it wasn’t long before the fingerboarding scene picked up in popularity and became a bigger part of the skateboarding industry in the 1990s.
[4] The “barely rideable” keychain attachments were improved by the producer “Tech Deck”, which started producing a more rideable version of the fingerboard in the 1990s. Soon they began to print actual skateboard patterns onto the fingerboard decks, which made them even more appealing to skateboarders. In the late 1990s, fancy fingerboards with “actual professional skateboard patterns” started to enter more and more toy shops, and before we knew it fingerboards were seen everywhere.
[5] The development did not stop there. In the past decades, the fingerboard scene has become more and more advanced, especially when it comes to the quality of the boards and the skills of the riders. Now, fingerboarding has spread out to various social media platforms, where “riders” continuously outdo themselves with more advanced tricks.
[6] Fingerboarding eventually evolved from a “hobby toy”, to a lifestyle for some – competing in Championships and various events around the world.
12. What’s the similarity between fingerboarding and skateboarding?
A. The development. B. The rules.
C. The performing tricks. D. The playing areas.
13. Which feature made the fingerboard pick up in popularity?
A. It’s DIY. B. It’s rideable. C. It’s decorative. D. It’s professional.
14. What can be inferred about fingerboarding?
A. It’s been an Olympic event. B. It’s updated due to social media.
C. It’s outdone skateboarding. D. It’s a way to challenge oneself.
15. Which is the best title for the text?
A. What Is Fingerboarding? B. A Hobby Toy or A Lifestyle
C. Why Is Fingerboarding? D. Little Board, Big Industry
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手指滑板，介绍了其由来，以及发展等等。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Typically riding with their middle and index fingers, people perform tricks replicated from skateboarding.(人们通常用中指和食指骑车，表演模仿滑板的技巧。)”可知，手指滑板和滑板之间的相似之处在于滑行技巧。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The “barely rideable” keychain attachments were improved by the producer “Tech Deck”, which started producing a more rideable version of the fingerboard in the 1990s. Soon they began to print actual skateboard patterns onto the fingerboard decks, which made them even more appealing to skateboarders. In the late 1990s, fancy fingerboards with “actual professional skateboard patterns” started to enter more and more toy shops, and before we knew it fingerboards were seen everywhere.(“几乎不能骑”的钥匙链附件由生产商“Tech Deck”改进，该公司在20世纪90年代开始生产更适合骑的指板版本。很快，他们开始在指板甲板上印刷真正的滑板图案，这使它们对滑板爱好者更具吸引力。20世纪90年代末，带有“真正专业滑板图案”的花式指板开始进入越来越多的玩具店，不知不觉，指板已经随处可见。)”可知，手指滑板的“可骑行”让其大受欢迎。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Now, fingerboarding has spread out to various social media platforms, where “riders” continuously outdo themselves with more advanced tricks.(现在，指板已经蔓延到各种社交媒体平台，“骑手”们不断用更高级的技巧超越自己。)”可知，人们通过手指滑板来挑战超越自己。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Fingerboards, known as “Tech Decks” are miniature replicas (微型复制品) of a skateboard. Fingerboarding is in short, when somebody “rides” fingerboard with fingers.(指板，被称为“技术甲板”，是滑板的微型复制品。简单来说，指板是指某人用手指“骑”指板。)”可知，第一段主要讲述的是何谓指板；而第二段则介绍了指板滑板的；第三段和第四段则介绍了其发展史。所以这篇文章主要就是介绍了手指滑板。所以“What Is Fingerboarding?(什么是手指滑板?)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Survive a Human Stampede (踩踏)
In 2010, a tragic human stampede occurred during a festival in Phnom Penh. When thousands attempted to cross a bridge, it began to sway (摇摆), panic set in, and a rush to get off the bridge began. 347 people died in the rush.
What happened in Phnom Penh is an extreme example. ____16____. Getting caught in a stampede can be deadly if you don’t know what to do. With a little preparation and some strategies, you can avoid being one of the people who doesn’t make it out.
☆____17____
The best way to survive a human stampede is to evaluate your surroundings long before the stampede begins. For example, if you’re attending a large event, make sure you know where all the available exits are. In addition to identifying exit doors, be aware of alternative exits, like accessible windows.
☆Keep moving
Resisting the force of the crowd will only tire you out and conserving energy is critical to surviving a stampede. ____18____. Moving diagonally (斜形) with the flow of the crowd will bring you to the edge of the stampede where it’s less likely that you’ll end up stuck at a choke point.
☆Avoid choke points
Choke points are any space that restricts the flow of the stampede. Doorways, hallways, and bridges are all examples. While those narrow spaces lead to exits, they also represent the most dangerous places in a stampede. ____19____.
☆Look for non-obvious exits
Humans are creatures of habit. In most cases, people will rush for the same doorway or gate that they used to enter the venue. Thus, looking for non-obvious exits when you arrive somewhere is really important. ____20____. If you’re at an outdoor event, don’t hesitate to go over temporary barriers if it means you can escape the main flow of the stampede.
A. Be prepared
B. Identify exit doors
C. Remember to keep moving right after the crowd
D. However, human stampedes are by no means uncommon
E. If at all possible, avoid getting trapped near a choke point
F. But this doesn’t mean you should go in the exact direction of the crowd
G Windows and fire exits are good things to look for when you’re inside a building
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助人们在遭遇踩踏事故时幸存下来。
16题详解】
空前“What happened in Phnom Penh is an extreme example.(在金边发生的事情就是一个极端的例子。)和空后“Getting caught in a stampede can be deadly if you don’t know what to do.(如果你不知道该怎么做，被困在踩踏中可能是致命的。)”讲述的是虽然金边的惨剧是一个极端的例子，但是困在踩踏事故中是很危险的。选项D“However, human stampedes are by no means uncommon(然而，踩踏事件并不罕见)”承上启下，符合上下文内容。故选D。
【17题详解】
空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“The best way to survive a human stampede is to evaluate your surroundings long before the stampede begins. For example, if you’re attending a large event, make sure you know where all the available exits are. In addition to identifying exit doors, be aware of alternative exits, like accessible windows.(在人潮中生存的最好方法是在人潮开始之前评估你周围的环境。例如，如果你要参加一个大型活动，确保你知道所有可用的出口在哪里。除了确定出口门之外，还要注意其他出口，比如可接近的窗户。)”可知，在本段中，作者认为当我们参加一个大型活动时，必须在人潮来临之前做好对周围环境的评估。也就是要提前做好准备。选项A“Be prepared(做好准备)”与下文内容一致。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据空后内容“Moving diagonally (斜形) with the flow of the crowd will bring you to the edge of the stampede where it’s less likely that you’ll end up stuck at a choke point.(随着人群的流动斜形移动会把你带到踩踏的边缘，在那里你不太可能被困在一个咽喉点。)”可知，作者在本段中建议我们不要随着人流的方向流动，反而应该斜行移动到人流的边缘。选项F“But this doesn’t mean you should go in the exact direction of the crowd(但这并不意味着你应该和人群的方向完全一致)”与下文内容一致。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据空前内容“Choke points are any space that restricts the flow of the stampede. Doorways, hallways, and bridges are all examples. While those narrow spaces lead to exits, they also represent the most dangerous places in a stampede.(阻塞点是任何限制踩踏事件流动的空间。门廊、走廊和桥梁都是例子。虽然这些狭窄的空间通向出口，但它们也代表着踩踏事件中最危险的地方。)可知，阻塞点是非常危险的地方。选项E“If at all possible, avoid getting trapped near a choke point(如果可能的话，避免被困在阻塞点附近)”与上文内容一致，认为阻塞点很危险，因此要避免被困在阻塞点附近。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Thus, looking for non-obvious exits when you arrive somewhere is really important.(因此，当你到达某地时，寻找不明显的出口是非常重要的。)”可知，作者建议我们要寻找不太明显的出口。而空后“If you’re at an outdoor event, don’t hesitate to go over temporary barriers if it means you can escape the main flow of the stampede.(如果你是在户外活动，不要犹豫，越过临时障碍，这意味着你可以逃离踩踏的主要人流。)”则介绍了在户外时应该如何选择，由此判断，空处指的应该是在室内我们应该怎么做。选项G“Windows and fire exits are good things to look for when you’re inside a building(当你在建筑物内时，窗户和安全出口是很好的选择)”正是介绍了当我们在室内时，遇到踩踏时应该如何寻找出口。符合上下文内容。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“What are those?” one pupil asked me, pointing at two large ____21____ beds.
“Those are potatoes,” I answered. The pupil was Jenny. In class, she usually had her head down, focused on her work. Today, however, she craned (伸长) her neck ____22____ as she looked over at the raised beds.
“But they are green.” she took a few ____23____, approaching the plants. “Aren’t potatoes brown?” I nodded. “Well, the parts we eat — the ____24____ — are brown, while what you’re looking at is the part above the soil.”
Looking ____25____, Jenny shook her head and just said, “Hmm.”
I knew the situation ____26____ drastic (果断的) action. I reached over to the potato plant, ____27____ its green leaves and pulled. As the plant was raised into the air, several large tubers (块茎) appeared. I held one out for her to ____28____.
As Jennifer took the potato in her hand, ____29____ began to spread across her face. Once removed from the stems and leaves, the tuber was now something that she ____30____. She looked at me and smiled.
For me, that pretty much sums up how much young people know about their ____31____ and its production. This is why I ____32____ an eco-garden at the school. It was a difficult project to get started and has been difficult to ____33____, but extraordinarily rewarding. We need pupils to be given more ____34____ to learn about nature and interact with nature. After all, education is about more than ____35____ and exam results.
21. A. raised B. man-made C. separated D. newly-built
22. A. anxiously B. patiently C. curiously D. proudly
23. A. notes B. photos C. breaths D. steps
24. A. stems B. roots C. leaves D. fruits
25. A. frightened B. confused C. delighted D. amazed
26. A. lacked B. caused C. needed D. stopped
27. A. grabbed B. rolled C. observed D. removed
28. A. touch B. weigh C. taste D. smell
29. A. disappointment B. understanding C. hesitation D. confidence
30. A. made B. liked C. wanted D. recognized
31. A. school B. life C. study D. food
32. A. visited B. started C. explored D. chose
33. A. enlarge B. prepare C. protect D. maintain
34. A. opportunities B. trust C. reasons D. freedom
35. A. abilities B. lectures C. textbooks D. questions
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过实际操作的方式，让学生认识了土豆的构造。作者认为们需要给学生更多的机会去了解自然，与自然互动。毕竟，教育不仅仅是课本和考试成绩。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“那些是什么？”一个学生指着两张种植床问我。A. raised抬高的，被种植的；B. man-made人造的；C. separated分开的；D. newly-built新建的。呼应后文“as she looked over at the raised beds.”此处为短语raised bed表示“种植床”。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而今天，她好奇地伸长了脖子，看着那些种植床。A. anxiously焦急地；B. patiently耐心地；C. curiously好奇地；D. proudly自豪地。根据后文“as she looked over at the raised beds”指对种植床好奇，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“但是它们是绿色的。”她走了几步，接近那些植物。A. notes笔记；B. photos照片；C. breaths呼吸；D. steps一步（的距离）。根据后文“approaching the plants”可知，走了几步靠近了植物。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“嗯，我们吃的部分——根部——是棕色的，而你看到的是土壤上面的部分。”A. stems茎；B. roots根；C. leaves叶子；D. fruits水果。根据上文“the parts we eat”可知，土豆吃的部分是它的根部。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：珍妮看起来很困惑，她摇摇头，只是说:“嗯。”A. frightened害怕的；B. confused困惑的；C. delighted高兴的；D. amazed惊讶的。根据后文“Jenny shook her head and just said, “Hmm.””可知，珍妮表示不理解，感到困惑，所以摇头。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道情况需要采取果断的行动。A. lacked缺少；B. caused造成；C. needed需要；D. stopped停止。根据后文“drastic action”和“ I reached over to the potato plant, 　　7　　　its green leaves and pulled.”可知，作者知道情况需要采取激烈的行动。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我伸手去抓那棵土豆，抓住它的绿叶，用力一拉。A. grabbed抓住；B. rolled滚动；C. observed观察；D. removed去除。根据后文“its green leaves and pulled”可知，作者抓住土豆的叶子用力一拉。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当植物被抬到空中时，出现了几个大块茎。我拿出一个让她摸。A. touch触碰；B. weigh称重；C. taste品尝；D. smell闻到。根据后文“As Jennifer took the potato in her hand”可知，作者让珍妮弗摸土豆的块茎。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当詹妮弗把土豆拿在手里时，她的脸上开始露出了理解的表情。A. disappointment失望；B. understanding理解；C. hesitation犹豫；D. confidence自信。根据下文“She looked at me and smiled.”可知，当詹妮弗把土豆拿在手里时，她的脸上开始露出了理解的表情。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦从茎和叶中取出，她就认出了块茎。A. made制作；B. liked喜欢；C. wanted想要；D. recognized认出。根据下文“She looked at me and smiled.”可知，珍妮弗认出了土豆，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这几乎概括了年轻人对他们的食物及其生产的了解程度。A. school学校；B. life生活；C. study学习；D. food食物。结合上文珍妮弗的经历可知这里指概括了年轻人对他们的食物及其生产的了解程度。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我在学校建了一个生态花园。A. visited参观；B. started开始；C. explored探索；D. chose选择。根据后文“an eco-garden at the school”可知，这里指建立生态花园。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个很难开始的项目，也很难维持，但非常值得。A. enlarge扩大；B. prepare准备；C. protect保护；D. maintain保持。根据上文“It was a difficult project to get started ”和下文“ but extraordinarily rewarding”可知，此处是在说明项目的困难程度，所以是很难维持。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要给学生更多的机会去了解自然，与自然互动。A. opportunities机会；B. trust信任；C. reasons理由；D. freedom自由。根据后文“to learn about nature and interact with nature”指了解自然，与自然互动的机会。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，教育不仅仅是课本和考试成绩。A. abilities能力；B. lectures演讲；C. textbooks课本；D. questions问题。根据后文“and exam results”可知，教育不仅仅是课本和考试成绩。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since ancient times, people have enjoyed themselves at the theatre. Here are two historical theatres, one in the East and one in the West.
The Deheyuan Grand Theatre, located in the Summer Palace in Beiing, was built in the Qing Dynasty. It is regarded as the place ____36____ Peking Opera developed into its current form. The theatre has three floors — the Fu stage, the Lu stage and the Shou stage, symbolizing ____37____ (happy), prosperity and longevity. The stages have special doors for actors ____38____ (jump) out of the floor, and equipment to help them fly through the air. A well and five ponds under the Shou stage ____39____ (use) in water scenes and also to increase sound effects. Today, visitors ____40____ the Deheyuan theatre are still amazed by its structure ____41____ beautiful paintings.
The first Globe Theatre was created by a group of actors, one of whom was William Shakespeare. It opened in London in 1599 and became ____42____ huge success until it burnt down in a fire in 1613. ____43____ (stand) by the River Thames, the Globe Theatre we see today has three main elements: a blue roof painted with stars, the stage itself and a ____44____ (hide) door in the floor.
If you are a fan of William Shakespeare, you must come to the Globe to see a play. As Shakespeare _____45_____ (he) said, “All the world’s a stage.”
【答案】36. where
37. happiness
38. to jump
39. are used
40. to 41. and
42. a 43. Standing
44. hidden 45. himself
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东西方两个历史剧院，一个是德河园大剧院，另一个是环球剧院。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它被认为是京剧发展成现在这种形式的地方。定语从句修饰先行词place，从句缺少地点状语，故填where。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：剧院有三层楼——福台、禄台和寿台，象征着幸福、繁荣和长寿。作动词的宾语，应用名词happiness。故填happiness。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：舞台上有特殊的门，供演员从地板上跳出来，还有帮助他们在空中飞行的设备。此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to jump。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：寿台下的一口井和五个池塘用于水景，也用于增加声音效果。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为A well and five ponds，谓语用复数。故填are used。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：今天，参观德河园剧院的游客仍然为它的结构和美丽的绘画而惊叹。此处表示参观某处的游客，应用介词to。故填to。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：今天，参观德河园剧院的游客仍然为它的结构和美丽的绘画而惊叹。structure和beautiful paintings为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它于1599年在伦敦开业，并取得了巨大的成功，直到1613年在一场大火中被烧毁。短语become a huge success表示“取得了巨大的成功”本句是抽象名词具体化的用法。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们今天看到的环球剧院坐落在泰晤士河畔，它有三个主要元素：绘有星星的蓝色屋顶、舞台本身和地板上隐藏的门。分析句子结构可知stand与逻辑主语the Globe Theatre构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Standing。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们今天看到的环球剧院坐落在泰晤士河畔，它有三个主要元素：绘有星星的蓝色屋顶、舞台本身和地板上隐藏的门。修饰名词door应用形容词hidden，作定语。故填hidden。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：正如莎士比亚自己所说：“整个世界是一个舞台。”此处指“他自己”应用反身代词himself。故填himself。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。Teens正在举行主题为“Being a Better Self”的征文活动。请你结合自身生活或学习经历，写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的变化和感受。
注意：
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 不得透露任何与个人和学校相关的真实信息。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范例1：
I’m kind of an introvert. So, it’s not surprising that I’ve been mostly avoiding group activities. To get past my discomfort, I began with going out with close friends and then worked my way up to going out with a small group of friends. I also tried to make or hold eye contact with most people in a conversation. Now, I feel more comfortable in groups and even with strangers.
Change is stepping out of comfort zone, and growth requires stretching past what I used to be. But every step I take is part of the process toward becoming the best version of myself.
范例2：
In my senior one, I hit a rut in my studies. Every time coming back home, instead of focusing on my homework, I was interacting with social media on my smartphone. So obsessive was I that I felt my life chaotic. To reclaim my focus, I chose to use a phone without Internet connection. Though hard to resist, I kept on.
With time, I began to enjoy my quiet time. I feel less forced to check my phone and can concentrate more closely on whatever task is at hand. I am grateful to be a better self with self-discipline.
范例3：
Change is like a miracle and usually brings surprise to people. I’m no exception.
Last spring when we had classes online, my mother advised me to jog for 3 kilometers every day to relax and build my body. At first, I just did so as to make my mother happy, but as I ran, I found many surprising changes in myself. I was full of energy all the day and free of neck pain. I even lost some weight.
Now, jogging has become an essential part of my life, and I’m jogging into a better life.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华。Teens正在举行主题为“Being a Better Self”的征文活动。请你结合自身生活或学习经历，写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的变化和感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
令人惊奇的：surprising→astonishing/amazing
努力做某事：try to do→attempt to do
舒适的：comfortable→cosy/easeful
要求：require→ask for
2.句式拓展：
简单句变复合句
原句： To get past my discomfort, I began with going out with close friends and then worked my way up to going out with a small group of friends.
拓展句：To get past my discomfort, I began with going out with close friends, after which I worked my way up to going out with a small group of friends.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 So, it’s not surprising that I’ve been mostly avoiding group activities.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句）
【高分句型2】Change is stepping out of comfort zone, and growth requires stretching past what I used to be.（运用了what引导宾语从句）
【高分句型3】But every step I take is part of the process toward becoming the best version of myself.（运用了省略了关系代词的定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1] My first year of high school felt awkward. After I left junior high as a straight-A student, it felt strange starting over as a freshman. And to make matters worse, my closest friend went to a different high school. I felt very isolated.
[2] I missed my old teachers so much that I would go back and visit them. They would encourage me to get involved in school activities so that I could meet new people. They told me that in time I would adjust and probably end up loving my new school more than I had loved my old one.
[3] One Sunday afternoon not long after I had started high school, I was sitting at home doing homework. It was a cold and windy fall day, and we had a fire going in our fireplace. My mother kept stoking the fire to keep the house nice and warm. Suddenly, I smelled something strange, and then I noticed smoke pouring in through the seams (接缝处) of the ceiling. The smoke began to fill the room so quickly that we could barely see anything. Feeling about our way to the front door, we managed to get into the front yard. By the time we made our way outside, the whole roof was engulfed (吞没) in flames and it was spreading quickly. I ran to the neighbors to call the fire department.
[4] Five hours later, the fire was finally out. Our house was almost completely burned down. Everything was gone in the smoke. The firemen wouldn’t let us go back into the house that night. It was still too dangerous. We piled into the car with just the clothes on our backs, and made our way to my grandparents’ house to spend the night.
[5] On Monday, I went to school. When the fire broke out, I was wearing pajamas (睡衣), and I had no shoes! I had kicked them off when I was doing my homework. “Why I have to be here!” I cried inside, head hung low.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
3. 参考问题(无需作答)：
① What does everything in the sentence “Everything was gone in the smoke” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
② Will the writer’s feeling of loneliness be eased? And why?
Paragraph 1:
I was totally embarrassed by everything.
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Paragraph 2:
The next day, when entering the classroom, I was shocked.
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【答案】范例1：
I was totally embarrassed by everything. I must be a laughing stock in these clothes and shoes borrowed. I even didn’t have a schoolbag or any stationery! Walking in the school campus, I didn’t have a sense of belonging. It seemed like ages before I finally seated myself in the classroom. I tried to collect myself, but my strange appearance betrayed me. Some students began to whisper in shock. My headteacher asked me what had happened, and I told her about the fire. She patted me on the shoulder, and said, “Everything will be OK, dear!” I felt a surge of warmth.
The next day, when I entered the classroom, I was shocked. My overflowing desk caught my eye, stationery, bags, new clothes, shoes…. I was seized by great affection, tears springing to my eyes. It turned out that my trouble went around and not only my classmates and teachers, but many others I even didn’t know offered to help. I felt a strong sense of belonging in the new school. The fire took away everything from me but I gained even more. I knew my new life began.
范例2：
I was totally embarrassed by everything. I had no books or homework, and my backpack was gone. My face was burning as if everyone passing by was laughing at me. After seated myself, I lowered my head and could not concentrate on anything. Suddenly, I felt a nudge. It was my deskmate. She looked shocked at my oddness, wondering what had happened. I told her about the fire. She gave me a tight hug, whispering in my ear that everything would be all right and I was not alone.
The next day, when I entered the classroom, I was shocked. A big pile of all kinds of stuff on my desk came into my sight. My classmates had taken up a collection and bought me school supplies and many clothes. I even got some invitations to their home. At the moment, I was overwhelmed by their genuine outpouring of concern. That day I made some friends and I did feel I began to fit in with the new class. And I was sure that I would fall in love with the new school as much.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者刚上高中时没有新朋友，感觉很孤单，对学校没有归属感。更糟糕的是，一天家里着火了，房子被烧了，家里的东西都被烧毁了，所以周一作者去上学时，只能穿着借来的衣服和鞋子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“所有的事情都让我很尴尬。”可知，第一段可描写作者穿着借来的衣服和鞋子去上学感到很尴尬，同学们开始对作者出奇的穿着窃窃私语，班主任也找到作者问怎么回事，作者将火灾的事告诉了老师，老师安慰她。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，当我走进教室时，我被震惊了。”可知，第二段可描写作者的同学帮助作者，给了作者衣服，文具等，这让作者很感动，对学校有了强烈的归属感。
2.续写线索：去学校——穿着借来的衣服，感到尴尬——同学窃窃私语——老师了解作者情况，安慰作者——第二天去上学——发现同学们给了自己很多东西——感动——对学校有归属感
3.词汇激活
行为类
①就坐：sit oneself/take a seat
②发生：happened/took place
③拍：patted/taped
情绪类
①震惊地：in shock/in astonishment
【点睛】[高分句型1].Walking in the school campus, I didn’t have a sense of belonging. （非谓语动词作状语）
[高分句型2].My headteacher asked me what had happened, and I told her about the fire. （由what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型3]. It turned out that my trouble went around and not only my classmates and teachers, but many others I even didn’t know offered to help. （that引导的主语从句，it是形式主语）
听力答案：1~5: AACAB 6~10: BAACC 11~15: BBCCA 16~20: BABBC