山东省日照市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期7月期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山东省日照市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期7月期末试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了07等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021级高二下学期期末校际联合考试
英语试题
2023.07
本试卷共四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的条形码粘贴在答题卡相应的位置。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where did the woman visit the rainforest last year?
A. In Oregon. B. In Alaska. C. In Washington.
2. What is the woman’s main concern for the man?
A. His bad school grades. B. His handing in homework late. C. His frequent absence from school.
3. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers. B. Friends. C. A couple.
4. Why did the woman choose Florida for holiday?
A. The flight was cheaper. B. The scenery was beautiful. C. The accommodations were free.
5. How will the man get the news?
A. From his phone. B. From newspapers. C. From TV stations.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do the speakers mainly talk about?
A. Weather. B. Clothing. C. Dinner.
7. Where do the speakers plan to go?
A. To a hospital. B. To a restaurant. C. To Jim’s.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the woman’s main concern about the apartment?
A. The size. B. The price. C. The flies.
9. How do the speakers feel?
A. Excited. B. Bored. C. Disappointed.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What will happen to the speakers?
A. They will lose their jobs. B. They will get a lower pay. C. They will work longer hours.
11. What is the woman currently doing for her students?
A. Creating books. B. Making videos. C. Sharing websites.
12. What will the man probably buy?
A. A camera. B. A computer. C. A phone.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At home. B. In a library. C. In a dormitory.
14. Why does the woman want to move out?
A. To save her money. B. To find a place near a library. C. To live in a room with air-conditioning.
15. How much did it cost to run air-conditioning for a month 5 years ago?
A. $10. B. $20. C. $45.
16. What will the woman do if she cannot move out?
A. Suffer the heat. B. Live with her parents. C. Buy air-conditioning.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was Mother’s Day first celebrated?
A. In 1905. B. In1908. C. In 1914.
18. What do we know about Anna’s mother?
A. She was a soldier during the Civil War.
B. She founded Mother’s Day Work Clubs.
C. She brought up the idea of Mother’s Day.
19. Who formally announced Mother’s Day?
A. President Wilson. B. The U.S. Congress. C. Anna Marie Jarvis.
20 What is the text mainly about?
A. The origin of Mother’s Day.
B. The celebration of Mother’s Day.
C. The importance of Mother’s Day.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The 3M Young Scientist Challenge gives students in grades 5-8 the chance to change their world for the better with a single innovative idea. This premier science competition is a one-of-a-kind project-based learning opportunity designed to encourage creativity, cooperation, and connection for students from every background.
Entering the Challenge
Inspire scientific exploration and innovation in any learning environment with comprehensive challenge resources that guide students through the submission process.
● Kickstart student entries with easy-to-use challenge tools.
The 3M Young Scientist Challenge encourages students to solve everyday problems using science and innovation.
● Ensure student submissions are ready to go.
Students will be asked to create a 1-2 minute video in which they describe an innovation or an original solution that could solve or impact an everyday problem that directly affects them, their families, their communities, and/or the global population.
Rules & Prizes
Grand Prize Winner $25,000
Title of “America’s Top Young Scientist”
Top 10 Finalists $1,000
Unique Summer Mentorship with a 3M Scientist
Honorable Mention Winners
Certificate (one per grade awarded)
Improving Lives Award Winner $2,000
Awarded to the Finalist with most votes during public voting window
Timeline
Challenge Opens
December 7, 2022
Challenge Closes
April 27, 2023
Finalist and State Merit Winner Announcements
June 2023
Final Event
October 2023
Winners Announced
October 2023
1. Which of the following does the 3M Young Scientist Challenge boost?
A. Ambition. B. Courage. C. Innovation. D. Patience.
2. What do we know about the participants in the Challenge?
A. They are students of grades 5-8.
B. They have to submit a video of three minutes.
C. They are required to solve personal problems.
D. They are sure to get prize money and certificates.
3. When do the participants know the final result of the Challenge?
A. December 7, 2022 B. April 27, 2023. C. June 2023. D. October 2023.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了3M青年科学家挑战赛的赛程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The 3M Young Scientist Challenge gives students in grades 5-8 the chance to change their world for the better with a single innovative idea.(3M青年科学家挑战赛让5-8年级的学生有机会用一个创新的想法改变他们的世界。)”可知，3M青年科学家挑战赛让5-8年级的学生有机会用创新的想法改变他们的世界，旨在促进学生的创新能力。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The 3M Young Scientist Challenge gives students in grades 5-8 the chance to change their world for the better with a single innovative idea.(3M青年科学家挑战赛让5-8年级的学生有机会用一个创新的想法改变他们的世界)”可知，参赛者为5-8岁的学生，A项正确；根据文章第四段“Students will be asked to create a 1-2 minute video in which they describe an innovation or an original solution that could solve or impact an everyday problem that directly affects them, their families, their communities, and/or the global population.(学生将被要求制作一段1-2分钟的视频，在视频中描述一个创新或原创的解决方案，该解决方案可以解决或影响直接影响他们、他们的家庭、他们的社区和/或全球人口的日常问题)”可知，参赛者要求制作一段1-2分钟的视频，而非三分钟的，B项错误；视频中的解决方案可以是解决影响他们自己、家庭、社区或者全球人口的日常问题，不仅仅是个人问题，C项错误；根据Rules & Prizes中的内容可知，并不是所有人都能获得奖金和证书，只有特等奖、前十名和改善生活奖得主才能获得奖金，只有荣誉奖得主才会有证书，并且每年级只有一个，D项错误。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后的“Winners Announced October 2023(结果宣布 2023年10月)”可知，大赛最终结果将于2023年10月宣布。故选D项。
B
Kyra Peralte thought keeping a diary during the pandemic might help her sort out her complicated feeling. In April 2020, the mother of two in Montclair, New Jersey, started writing frankly about the challenges of balancing work, marriage and motherhood during a global crisis.
Peralte wanted to know how other women were doing. “I wanted an interaction that felt human,” so she invited women from near and far to fill the remaining lined pages of her black-and-white marbled composition notebook with their own pandemic tales. She named the project The Traveling Diary. She came up with a system: Each person gets to keep the diary for three days and fills as many pages as she wishes. Then she is responsible for mailing it to the next person, whose address Peralte provides.
So far, more than 2,000 women from 30 countries have participated, some as far away as South Africa and Australia. More than 50 of these notebooks are currently in circulation, and about 20 completed ones are back in Peralte’s possession.
It felt meaningful to pass on something so personal. It felt like these were women that they had known even though they didn’t know them at all. Some did get to meet the women whose stories they read, through a virtual get-together that Peralte organized. Peralte often hosts Zoom events so the women get the chance to get to know one another more, share stories and connect more closely. Some of the women have even become close friends.
Peralte feels a strong bond with the people who filled its pages, none of whom she would have otherwise known. Her spontaneous (自发的) idea has had a profound effect on her and the other women who were part of it. “The Traveling Diary,” she says, “is making sisters out of strangers.”
4. Why did Peralte start The Traveling Diary?
A. To help sort out her feeling. B. To finish her pages of notebook.
C. To have an interaction with other women. D. To write a book covering pandemic tales.
5. What do we know about the project?
A. It has become popular across the world.
B. Each woman keeps the diary at least three days.
C. Each person fills pages based on Peralte’s wishes.
D. It requires Peralte to post the diary to the next person.
6. What can be inferred about participants from the last two paragraphs?
A. They are totally strangers before. B. They often hold parties themselves.
C. They have met each other in real life. D. They have been known to Peralte before.
7. Which of the following best describes Kyra Peralte?
A. Generous and tolerant. B. Creative and helpful.
C. Romantic and imaginative. D. Demanding and adventurous.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了疫情期间Peralte发起了旅行日记的活动，吸引了很多女性加入。
4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“‘I wanted an interaction that felt human,’ so she invited women from near and far to fill the remaining lined pages of her black-and-white marbled composition notebook with their own pandemic tales.”(“我想要一种有人情味的互动，”所以她邀请远近的女性在她黑白大理石笔记本的剩余线条页上写满她们自己的流行病故事。)可知，Peralte创办这个活动的目的是与人们进行互动。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“She came up with a system: Each person gets to keep the diary for three days and fills as many pages as she wishes.”(她想出了一个系统：每个人都要记三天日记，想写多少页就写多少页。)可知，每个人都要写三天的日记，所以每个人至少会记日记至少三天。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“It felt like these were women that they had known even though they didn’t know them at all.”(感觉这些女人是他们认识的，尽管他们根本不认识她们。)说明的是之前这些人不认识，也不知道彼此的故事。以及最后一段“‘The Traveling Diary,’ she says, ‘is making sisters out of strangers.’”(她说，“把陌生人变成了姐妹。”)可推知，这些写日记的人之前是陌生人。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She came up with a system: Each person gets to keep the diary for three days and fills as many pages as she wishes. Then she is responsible for mailing it to the next person, whose address Peralte provides.”(她想出了一个系统：每个人都要记三天日记，想写多少页就写多少页。然后她负责把它寄给下一个人，他地址是Peralte提供的。)讲述的是Peralte想出创作这个项目以及运营方式，可推知，她是有创造力的。根据文章最后一段‘The Traveling Diary,’ she says, ‘is making sisters out of strangers.’”(她说，“把陌生人变成了姐妹。”) Peralte通过这个项目使得一些人由陌生人成文了朋友，说明她是乐于帮助他人。故选B。
C
When humans are feeling lonely, we can call or video chat with friends and family who live far away. But, scientists asked, what about pet parrots? New research suggests that these chatty creatures may also benefit from virtually connecting with their peers.
The idea for this study was not random: In the wild, parrots tend to live in large flocks. But when kept in captivity, these social birds are often on their own. Feeling bored and isolated, they may develop psychological issues.
During the first two weeks of the study, owners taught their birds to ring a bell, then touch an image of another pet parrot on a tablet screen to initiate a video call. Though 18 parrots began the experiment, three dropped out. Once the birds had learned how to make video interactions, the second phase of the experiment could begin. In this “open call” period, the 15 participating birds could make calls freely; they also got to choose which bird to dial up. Over the next two months, pet parrots made 147 deliberate video calls. Their owners took detailed notes about the calls and recorded more than 1,000 hours of video footage.
Some of the parrots learned new skills from their virtual companions. The birds also forged strong friendships, which researchers measured by how frequently they chose to call the same individual. Some birds were even reported to have developed attachments to the human caretakers of their virtual friends.
As for other parrot owners, the researchers caution it might not be wise to suddenly begin launching chats on behalf of their pets. “We were really careful about training the birds’ caregivers thoroughly to ensure that they could offer an appropriate level of support to empower their parrots but also help them avoid any negative experiences,” says study co-author Rebecca Kleinberger.
8. What does the underlined word “initiate” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Cancel. B. Answer. C. Start. D. Delay.
9. What can we learn about the study?
A. 18 parrots took part in the entire experiment.
B. The participating birds enjoyed making video calls.
C. Some parrots were attached to their own caretakers.
D. The birds learnt to dial in the “opening call” period.
10. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A health report. B. A science magazine.
C. An academic article. D. An official document.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A Guide to Pet Parrots Training. B. The Impact of Technology on Parrots.
C. Parrots: Social Creatures by Nature. D. Parrot Socialization: A Video Chat Solution.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究通过让宠物鹦鹉视频互动来缓解它们的孤独感，文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及研究的发现。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“owners taught their birds to ring a bell, then touch an image of another pet parrot on a tablet screen to”以及后文“Though 18 parrots began the experiment, three dropped out.(虽然18只鹦鹉开始了实验，但有3只退出了)”可知，有18只鹦鹉开始了实验，说明主人教他们的鹦鹉摇铃，然后触摸平板电脑屏幕上另一只宠物鹦鹉的图像，开始视频通话。故划线词意思是“开始”。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Over the next two months, pet parrots made 147 deliberate video calls. Their owners took detailed notes about the calls and recorded more than 1,000 hours of video footage.(在接下来的两个月里，宠物鹦鹉故意进行了147次视频通话。它们的主人详细记录了这些电话，并录制了超过1000小时的视频片段)”可知，参与实验的鹦鹉喜欢打视频电话。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了一项研究通过让宠物鹦鹉视频互动来缓解它们的孤独感，文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及研究的发现。结合第一段的“New research suggests that these chatty creatures may also benefit from virtually connecting with their peers.(新的研究表明，这些健谈的生物也可能从与同伴的虚拟交流中受益)”可推知，文章可能选自科学杂志。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“When humans are feeling lonely, we can call or video chat with friends and family who live far away. But, scientists asked, what about pet parrots? New research suggests that these chatty creatures may also benefit from virtually connecting with their peers.(当人类感到孤独时，我们可以和远方的朋友和家人打电话或视频聊天。但是，科学家们问，宠物鹦鹉呢？新的研究表明，这些健谈的生物也可能从与同伴的虚拟交流中受益)”并结合下文内容可知，文章主要说明了一项研究通过让宠物鹦鹉视频互动来缓解它们的孤独感，文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及研究的发现。因此，D选项“鹦鹉社交：视频聊天解决方案”最符合文章标题。故选D。
D
Nearly a fifth of items that households place in their recycling bin could end up in landfill, according to new data, because people are wrongly “wish-cycling”. Toothpaste tubes, coffee cups, juice cartons and salad bags are among the biggest items to be incorrectly thrown in the recycling bin, according to Biffa.
Non-recyclable items are removed before the recycling process. But the company warned that other contaminants such as food or liquids can mean that potential recycling is also thrown away.
The amount of non-recyclables placed in the wrong bin is rising even as people are becoming more eco-conscious. The company called on people to stop “wish-cycling” and advised always checking labels before putting items in the recycling bin.
David Heaton, a business director at Biffa, said this of the findings, “Contamination (污染) happens when items are thrown away in the wrong bins or haven’t been cleaned before being recycled.”
“It means recyclable resources are lost and cannot be reused. It’s important that people understand what should go in the recycling bin and how to ‘pre-cycle (to clean a tub or tray (托盘) if it’s got food on it, for example)’ so we can recycle as much material as possible.” When a contaminant can’t be recycled, pickers will remove the waste and send it for processing further, with landfill being a last resort (步骤).
Campaigners have argued that packaging labels and different standards make it too difficult for people to understand what they should be recycling. But most packaging will say whether it is recyclable or not. Biffa also recommends checking the resin code-the number in the plastic triangle-to know whether it can be recycled. Numbers 1, 2, 4 and 5 are “generally” recyclable, while 3, 6 and 7 are not.
12. How does the author introduce “wish-cycling” in paragraph 1?
A. By giving examples. B. By providing data.
C. By making comparisons. D. By quoting a celebrity.
13. What mainly caused contamination according to David Heaton?
A. The loss of recyclable resources. B. Improper procedures of the pickers.
C. Washing containers before recycling. D. Sorting the garbage in a wrong way.
14. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Numbers 1, 2 and 3 mean “generally” recyclable.
B All packaging gives information related to recycling.
C. Governments will apply the same standard to recycling.
D. There exist some challenges to more efficient recycling.
15. What does the text seem to advocate?
A. Landfill. B. Pre-cycling. C. Wish-cycling. D. Non-recycling.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了由于人们错误的垃圾分类方式，反而导致垃圾被填埋，造成污染。专家建议垃圾回收前做好“预回收”工作。
12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Nearly a fifth of items that households place in their recycling bin could end up in landfill, according to new data, because people are wrongly “wish-cycling”.(最新数据显示，由于人们错误地“希望回收”，家庭放入回收箱的物品中，有近五分之一最终可能会被填埋。)”可知，文章第一段通过列数据来引出“wish-cycling”这一关键词。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“David Heaton, a business director at Biffa, said this of the findings, “Contamination (污染) happens when items are thrown away in the wrong bins or haven’t been cleaned before being recycled.”(Biffa的业务主管大卫·希顿对调查结果表示：“当物品被扔进错误的垃圾箱或在回收前没有清洗时，就会发生污染。”)”可知，David认为，当物品被扔进错误的垃圾箱或在回收前没有清洗时，就会发生污染。由此可知，垃圾分类错误时会产生污染。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Campaigners have argued that packaging labels and different standards make it too difficult for people to understand what they should be recycling. But most packaging will say whether it is recyclable or not. Biffa also recommends checking the resin code-the number in the plastic triangle-to know whether it can be recycled. Numbers 1, 2, 4 and 5 are “generally” recyclable, while 3, 6 and 7 are not.(活动人士认为，包装标签和不同的标准使人们很难理解他们应该回收什么。但大多数包装都会标明是否可回收。Biffa还建议检查树脂代码——塑料三角形中的数字——以了解它是否可以回收。数字1、2、4和5“一般”是可回收的，而3、6和7则不可回收。)”可知，包装标签和不同的标准使人们很难理解他们该回收什么，说明在垃圾回收过程中存在问题和挑战，D项正确；数字3为不可回收，A项错误；大部分包装会标明是否可回收，不是所有，B项错误；C项未提及。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。阅读文章内容，尤其是第五段中的“It’s important that people understand what should go in the recycling bin and how to ‘pre-cycle (to clean a tub or tray (托盘) if it’s got food on it, for example)’ so we can recycle as much material as possible.(重要的是，人们要了解什么应该进回收箱，以及如何“预回收”(例如，如果盆或托盘上有食物，要清洗)，这样我们才能尽可能多地回收材料。)”可知，在垃圾回收前，人们要了解什么应该进回收箱，以及如何做好“预回收”。由此可知，本文重点强调垃圾“预回收”工作。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The good news is that a research shows that the less junk food you eat, the less you crave (渴望得到) it. ____16____ As I’ve slowly begun to eat healthier, I’ve noticed myself wanting pizza and candy and ice cream less and less. Some people refer to this transition period as “gene reprogramming.”
____17____ That is to say, if you can find ways to gradually eat healthier, you’ll start to experience the cravings of junk food less and less. I’ve never claimed to have all the answers, but here are some strategies that might help.
First, you can use my “outer ring” strategy to avoid processed and packaged foods at the grocery store. If you limit yourself to purchasing foods that are on the outer ring of the store, then you will generally buy whole foods (fruits, vegetables, meat, eggs. etc.) ____18____ But you will avoid a lot of unhealthy foods.
You can also follow the “5 ingredient rule” when buying foods at the store. If something has more than 5 ingredients in it, don’t buy it. The chances are, it has been designed to fool you into eating more of it. ____19____There’s a reason why many people eat as a way to deal with stress. ____20____ These chemicals can trigger (触发) mechanisms that are similar to the cravings you get from fat and sugar. In other words, when you get stressed, your brain feels the addictive call of fat and sugar and you’re pulled back to junk food.
We all have stressful situations that arise in our lives. Learning to deal with stress in a different way can help you overcome the addictive pull of junk food. This could include simple breathing techniques or a short-guided meditation (冥想).
A. My own experiences have mirrored this.
B. Not everything on the outer ring is healthy.
C. Whatever you want to call it, the lesson is the same.
D. When buying these foods, you must make the right choice.
E. Avoid those products and stick with the more natural options.
F. Stress causes certain regions of the brain to release chemicals.
G. No matter what you talk about it, it is of quite great difference.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了几种吃的健康的方法，帮助人们减少对垃圾食品的渴望。
【16题详解】
根据下文“As I’ve slowly begun to eat healthier, I’ve noticed myself wanting pizza and candy and ice cream less and less.(随着我慢慢开始吃得更健康，我发现自己越来越少想吃披萨、糖果和冰淇淋了)”可知，作者设空处之后讲述了自己的真实经历。由此可知，设空处作者要先引出自己的经历，即“我自己的经历验证了这一点”，选项A. My own experiences have mirrored this.符合语意。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Some people refer to this transition period as “gene reprogramming.(有些人把这个过渡时期称为基因重编程)”以及下文“That is to say(这就是说)”可知，上文提出一个专业术语，即“基因重编程”，而普通人极有可能没法透彻地理解这个专业术语，因此设空处起到承上启下的作用，下文作者才能进行简单化的解释，即“无论这一过程叫什么，道理是一样的”，选项C. Whatever you want to call it, the lesson is the same.符合语意。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“If you limit yourself to purchasing foods that are on the outer ring of the store, then you will generally buy whole foods (fruits, vegetables, meat, eggs. etc.)(如果你限制自己不买这些外圈的食物，那么你通常会买水果、蔬菜、肉、鸡蛋等)”可知，作者建议人们购买肉菜蛋奶等外圈食品。由此推知，设空处要折中表达“并非所有外圈食品都是健康的”才能引出下文“But you will avoid a lot of unhealthy foods.(但你会避免买到很多不健康的食品)”，选项B. Not everything on the outer ring is healthy.(并非所有外圈食品都是健康的)符合语意。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If something has more than 5 ingredients in it, don’t buy it. The chances are, it has been designed to fool you into eating more of it.(如果某样东西的成分超过5种，就不要买。很有可能，它被设计成欺骗你吃更多的食物)”可知，上文提到的成分超过5种的食品，会欺骗你吃更多的食物，因此这些是不健康的食物。由此可知，设空处作者要建议人们尽量避免后买这些食物，选项E. Avoid those products and stick with the more natural options.(避免这些产品，坚持使用更自然的选择)符合语意。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据下文“These chemicals can trigger (触发) mechanisms that are similar to the cravings you get from fat and sugar.(这些化学物质可以触发类似于你对脂肪和糖的渴望的机制)”可知，设空处会先引出提及化学物质，下文才会讲述这些化学物质发挥的作用。由此可知，选项F. Stress causes certain regions of the brain to release chemicals.(压力会导致大脑的某些区域释放化学物质)符合语意。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A cat travelled more than 280 miles to her old home, which she had left three months before. About two months later, she was ____21____ with her owners.
In 2021 May, Laetitia De Amicis ____22____ with her family and their three cats Felys, Crapaud and Cocci because of job ____23____. The family took great care of the cats at their new location because they were ____24____ that the cats would get lost in different ____25____.
But Cocci went missing in August 2021. Laetitia, with her two children, ____26____ to search for Cocci but failed. To stop her kids from worrying, Laetitia told them that Cocci had ____27____ gone home to look for them back in the old location. Sure enough, a stranger ____28____ a cat, just five miles from their ____29____ home.
In October 2021, Lactitia saw a ____30____ on a social media about a cat, and the stay-at-home mom ____31____ her immediately. The adventurous cat was sent to the local veterinarian (兽医) who ____32____ the missing animal was 10 years old and looked just like Cocci.
Laetitia asked her father living nearby to go and ____33____ her. He thought it was ____34____ that a cat had actually traveled across the country, but eventually, he agreed. “When he called me that day, I saw my dad hugging my cat on the video call,” said Laetitia. “I was with my daughter. She recognized her and ____35____ tears.”
Finally, Cocci was taken back to her new home.
21. A. bored B. reunited C. connected D. disappointed
22. A. played B. traveled C. moved D. wandered
23. A. promotion B. efficiency C. experience D. satisfaction
24. A. annoyed B. worried C. ashamed D. embarrassed
25. A. stages B. ages C. directions D. surroundings
26. A. tried B. offered C. decided D. expected
27. A. hurriedly B. eagerly C. obviously D. likely
28. A. stole B. found C. bought D. abandoned
29. A. new B. remote C. previous D. strange
30. A. post B. sign C. book D. guide
31. A. recognized B. contacted C. accepted D. refused
32. A. argued B. realized C. predicted D. confirmed
33. A. adopt B. identify C. research D. examine
34. A. normal B. illegal C. impossible D. interesting
35. A. wiped off B. held back C. turned into D. burst into
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只猫Cocci走了280多英里回到她三个月前离开的老家，大约两个月后，她和主人团聚了。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约两个月后，她和主人团聚了。A. bored厌倦；B. reunited团聚；C. connected连接；D. disappointed使失望。根据后文“Finally, Cocci was taken back to her new home.(最后，Cocci被带回到了她的新家)”可知，猫两个月后和主人团聚了。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年5月，由于工作升职，Laetitia De Amicis和她的家人以及他们的三只猫Felys，Crapaud和Cocci一起搬了家。A. played玩耍；B. traveled旅行；C. moved搬家；D. wandered徘徊。根据后文“at their new location”可知，他们搬家了。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2021年5月，由于工作升职，Laetitia De Amicis和她的家人以及他们的三只猫Felys, Crapaud和Cocci一起搬了家。A. promotion晋升；B. efficiency效率；C. experience经历；D. satisfaction满足。根据上文“because of job”以及选项，可知是因为工作升职而搬家的。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这家人在新地方对猫咪照顾得很好，因为他们担心猫咪会在不同的环境中迷路。A. annoyed生气的；B. worried担心的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据后文“that the cats would get lost”指担心猫会迷路。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人在新地方对猫咪照顾得很好，因为他们担心猫咪会在不同的环境中迷路。A. stages阶段；B. ages年龄；C. directions方向；D. surroundings环境。根据上文“at their new location”可知，他们搬家了所以是不同的环境里。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laetitia和她的两个孩子试图寻找Cocci，但失败了。A. tried尝试；B. offered提议；C. decided决定；D. expected期待。根据上文“to search for Cocci but failed”可知，Laetitia和她的两个孩子试图寻找Cocci，但失败了。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了不让孩子们担心，Laetitia告诉他们，Cocci可能已经回家了，回到了原来的地方找他们。A. hurriedly急忙；B. eagerly急切地；C. obviously显然；D. likely可能。根据后文“gone home to look for them back in the old location”可知，为了不让孩子们担心，Laetitia告诉他们，Cocci可能已经回家了，回到了原来的地方找他们。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：果然，一个陌生人发现了一只猫，就在离他们以前的家五英里远的地方。A. stole偷窃；B. found发现；C. bought购买；D. abandoned抛弃。根据后文“a cat”指陌生人发现了Cocci这只猫。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：果然，一个陌生人发现了一只猫，就在离他们以前的家五英里远的地方。A. new新的；B. remote遥远的；C. previous以前的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“gone home to look for them back in the old location.”可知，是回到了以前的家里，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2021年10月，Lactitia在社交媒体上看到了一条关于一只猫的帖子，这位全职妈妈立刻认出了她。A. post帖子；B. sign迹象；C. book书籍；D. guide指南。根据后文“on a social media”指在社交媒体上看到帖子。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年10月，Lactitia在社交媒体上看到了一条关于一只猫的帖子，这位全职妈妈立刻认出了她。A. recognized认出；B. contacted联系；C. accepted接受；D. refused拒绝。后文her指她的猫Cocci，即认出了Cocci。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只爱冒险的猫被送到当地兽医那里，兽医证实这只失踪的猫10岁，长得很像Cocci。A. argued争论；B. realized意识到；C. predicted预测；D. confirmed确认。根据后文“the missing animal was 10 years old and looked just like Cocci.”可知，兽医证实这只失踪的猫10岁，长得很像Cocci。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laetitia请求住在附近的父亲去收养她。A. adopt收养；B. identify识别；C. research研究；D. examine检查。上文提到Cocci在一个兽医那里，所以Laetitia请求住在附近的父亲去收养她。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他认为一只猫不可能真的穿越了整个国家，但最终，他同意了。A. normal正常的；B. illegal非法的；C. impossible不可能的；D. interesting有趣的。根据后文“a cat had actually traveled across the country”可知，父亲认为一只猫不可能真的穿越了整个国家，所以一开始拒绝去。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她认出了她，哭了起来。A. wiped off除去；B. held back克制；C. turned into变成；D. burst into爆发；突然（哭、笑）起来。主人和猫团聚，所以是哭泣，短语burst into tears表示“突然哭起来”。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yan’an is known to most people ____36____ an old, important revolutionary base, but this mountainous city in Northwest China’s Shaanxi has other things to offer than its ____37____ (rich) in revolutionary history and spirits-the sweet and juicy Luochuan apples that so far ____38____ (gain) fame and are sold to some 20 countries and regions worldwide.
Luochuan is a county of Yan’an, ____39____ has become a model again in the nation’s latest strategy toward rural revitalization (振兴). Arriving in early August, the Global Times reporter saw numerous colored bags ____40____ (hang) on short trees in fields alongside the village roads. But the reporter also noticed ____41____ strange thing—there were white fishnet-like objects attached to poles in the trees.
Asi village Party chief Li Baoyin told the Global Times that they are an adapted apple strain which is shorter, having smaller crown (树冠), and ____42____ (quick) to bear fruits. Apples are usually bagged to stop birds and insects from eating ____43____ (they). A shorter plant and smaller crown mean the bagging and unbagging will be easier ____44____ the task needs fewer than half of the workers. The fishnet-like objects are established _____45_____ (prevent) hailstorms ((冰雹), which occur every so often in Shaanxi in late summer and early fall.
【答案】36. as 37. richness
38. have gained
39. which 40. hanging
41. a 42. quicker
43. them 44. and
45. to prevent
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。延安市的下属县洛川县成为了乡村振兴战略的典范，文章介绍了洛川的相关情况。
【36题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：对于大多数人来说，延安是一个古老而重要的革命基地，但这个位于中国西北部陕西省的山区城市，除了丰富的革命历史和革命精神之外，还有其他的东西——香甜多汁的洛川苹果，迄今为止已经名声远扬，销往全球20多个国家和地区。be known as为固定短语，表示“作为……而出名”，设空处应填介词as。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：对于大多数人来说，延安是一个古老而重要的革命基地，但这个位于中国西北部陕西省的山区城市，除了丰富的革命历史和革命精神之外，还有其他的东西——香甜多汁的洛川苹果，迄今为止已经名声远扬，销往全球20多个国家和地区。分析句子可知，设空处位于形容词性物主代词its后，应用名词；rich的名词形式为richness，表示“丰富、富裕”。故填richness。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：对于大多数人来说，延安是一个古老而重要的革命基地，但这个位于中国西北部陕西省的山区城市，除了丰富的革命历史和革命精神之外，还有其他的东西——香甜多汁的洛川苹果，迄今为止已经名声远扬，销往全球20多个国家和地区。分析句子可知，设空处在that引导的定于从句中作谓语，主语juicy Luochuan apples与动词gain之间为主动关系，结合时间状语so far可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为复数形式，故谓语也用复数。故填have gained。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：洛川是延安的一个县，它再次成为国家最新乡村振兴战略的典范。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Luochuan，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，先行词表示物，应用which引导。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：《环球时报》记者在8月初到达村子时，看到村里路边田地里的矮树上挂着许多彩色袋子。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词作补足语，hang与bags为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填hanging。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但记者也注意到一件奇怪的事情——树上的杆子上挂着一些像渔网一样的白色物体。分析句子可知，设空处在句中限定后面的strange thing，与其一起作宾语；thing为可数名词，此处为单数形式，结合句意可知，此处泛指“一件奇怪的事”，设空处应填不定冠词，strange为辅音音素发音的词，此处应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：阿西村党委书记李宝银告诉《环球时报》，这是一种经过改造的苹果品种，个头更短，树冠更小，结果更快。分析句子可知，设空处与前面的shorter, having smaller crown为并列结构，前后结构应一致，设空处应填形容词的比较级，表示“结果更快”。故填quicker。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：苹果通常被装入袋中，以防止鸟类和昆虫吃掉它们。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示防止吃掉它们，代指前面的apples，设空处应用they的宾格形式them。故填them。
【44题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：更短的植株和更小的树冠意味着装袋和拆袋将更容易，任务需要不到一半的工人。分析句子可知，设空处前后均为一个完整的简单句，结合句意可知，此处前后为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些鱼网状的物体是为了防止冰雹而建立的，这种冰雹在夏末和初秋在陕西经常发生。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作目的状语，应用to do不定式。故填to prevent。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。你校体育馆新开设乒乓球室，请你给交换生Mike写封邮件，邀请他一起训练，内容包括：
1. 球室简介；
2. 训练计划。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’m writing to tell you a good news that a new table tennis room in the gymnasium has been set up in our school recently, aiming to enrich students’ after-school life.
There are 23 standard indoor tables open to the public every Saturday and Sunday. The indoor environment is elegant, spacious, bright and well-ventilated. Not only will it organize training on weekends, but also it will offer the members chances to play matches. Knowing that you are interested in playing table tennis, I plan to have training in the room every Wednesday and Friday after school. If you are interested, please join me as soon as possible.
Look forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华。你校体育馆新开设乒乓球室，请你给交换生Mike写封邮件，邀请他一起训练。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目的是：aim to do→be aimed at doing
提供：offer→provide/supply
机会：chance→opportunity
比赛：match→competition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The indoor environment is elegant, spacious, bright and well-ventilated.
拓展句：The indoor environment is elegant, spacious, bright and well-ventilated, which I think might interest you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to tell you a good news that a new table tennis room in the gymnasium has been set up in our school recently, aiming to enrich students’ after-school life.（运用了that引导的同位语从句和现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Not only will it organize training on weekends, but also it will offer the members chances to play matches.（not only...but also连接句子时，not only位于句首，该部分用倒装句）


第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Helen and her family moved to a new location in the city. Helen was excited because most of her friends lived in the same street.
It was the first morning in their new house. She woke up early that day and went out on her balcony (阳台). She was expecting wonderful, lovely birds and beautiful greenery with fresh air, but instead it was the complete opposite. There was garbage right outside their front gate. There were no trees and instead of the sweet chirping (鸟叫声) of birds, there were annoying g traffic noises. Helen was angry. “What is this? Why can’t someone do anything about it?” she thought. She went inside the living room. She sat at the dining table, thinking about what she could do about the pollution in her locality.
The next day at school, she went into her class and asked loudly, “Who’s fed up with stinking garbage?” This caught many students’ attention. “Who’s fed up with air pollution and the diseases spread by it?” This time many students answered, “Me!” Helen smiled and then said, “We must clean our surroundings. So help me get rid of the garbage. Help me pick it up! That’s the best thing we can do. We will all go to other classes and ask if they want to join us. I am sure as long as we work together, our community will become a better place!”
In the break time, they all went to other classes, and by the end of the school day, Helen had gathered almost 25 students ready to help her. The day before cleaning, the students took out their pocket money and bought garbage bags, masks and gloves.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为120左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The big day came and the students gathered at the school gate.
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Soon the headmaster knew what the students did.
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【答案】范文
The big day came and the students gathered at the school gate. Helen could feel the excitement and determination in the air. They were all ready to make a difference in their community by cleaning up the garbage that was polluting their surroundings. The students split up into smaller groups and began their clean-up mission. They wore their masks and gloves to protect themselves and diligently filled garbage bags with the litter that had been accumulating in their community for far too long.
Soon the headmaster knew what the students did. He initially seemed surprised by the sight of students voluntarily cleaning up their surroundings. However, as he approached the group, his surprise turned into admiration. He commended their initiative and determination to make a positive change in their community. The headmaster gathered the school staff and other students to join the clean-up effort. The school's compound became a bustling place as everyone pitched in, collecting trash that had been neglected for months. At the end of the day, the school's surroundings looked almost unrecognizable. The once filled streets and overflowing garbage cans were now clean and inviting. The students stood side by side, proud of their accomplishments.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Helen和她的家人搬到了城里的一个新地方，发现社区里垃圾很多，于是带领同学一起打扫垃圾的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“大日子来了，学生们聚集在校门口”可知，第一段可描写同学们清理垃圾的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“校长很快就知道了学生们在做什么”可知，第二段可描写校长支持他们的活动，也组织人打扫垃圾。
2.续写线索：集合校门口——准备清理——开始清理——堆满垃圾——校长赞扬——街道干净——同学自豪
3.词汇激活
行为类
清理：clean up/sort out
靠近：approach/get close to
认不出：look unrecognizable/beyond recognition
情绪类
激动：excitement /thrill
惊讶：surprised /astonished
【点睛】[高分句型1] They were all ready to make a difference in their community by cleaning up the garbage that was polluting their surroundings. (运用了that引导定语从句，动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2] However, as he approached the group, his surprise turned into admiration.(运用了as引导时间状语从句)