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湖南省长沙市明德中学2023-2024学年高二英语上学期入学考试试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份湖南省长沙市明德中学2023-2024学年高二英语上学期入学考试试题（Word版附解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023-2024-1明德中学高二上入学考试
英语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Special Food Places to Try In Singapore
It’s an unpleasant fact that local food places are usually meant to cater to meat-eaters. It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you don’t need meat for a satisfactory treat.
Vegan Burg
Vegan Burg has a surprisingly diverse range of plant-based burgers. From Hawaiian Teriyaki to Char-Grilled Satay, the menu promises to tempt even the most hardcore meat lovers. And that’s not even getting into the add-ons and sides it offers, such as mushroom fries and barbecue potatoes.
Woods Square Tower, #01-06, Singapore 737737
Genesis Restaurant
This eatery proves that meat-free dishes can be as hearty and flavorful as their meat-based counterparts. Genesis Restaurant is especially known for its juicy dumplings, spring rolls, pork-free noodles and tofu cheesecake.
Havelock Road, #B1-01, Singapore 059763
WellSmoocht Collective
WellSmoocht is a cafe and dessert bar which specializes in plant-based ice cream. Made from brown rice, sugar cane juice and fruits or nut butters, Smoocht’s rice cream, as they call it, comes in a wide variety of delicious flavors such as Earl Grey Lavender,Rose Coconut and Gula Melaka.
Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapore 575628
Green Common
This one-stop plant-based eatery and marketplace has a delicious menu of mouth-watering meat-free dishes, from Japanese cuisine like sushi and miso glazed fillet to Western dishes like fishless tacos and pasta, as well as local favourites such as seafood laksa and even buah keluak rice.
HarbourFront Walk, #169-170, Singapore 098585
1. Who is the passage intended for?
A. Those who want to lose weight.
B. Those who don’t eat meat.
C. Those who can’t go without meat.
D. Those who prefer home-made food.
2. What is Genesis Restaurant famous for?
A. Chinese-friendly food. B. Plant-based burgers.
C. Plant-based ice-cream. D. Japanese seafood.
3. Where should you go if you have a sweet tooth?
A. Woods Square Tower, #01-06.
B. Havelock Road, #B1-01.
C. Sin Ming Centre, #01-03.
D. HarbourFront Walk, #169-170.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新加坡的素食美食。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you don’t need meat for a satisfactory treat.(很难找到一个迎合无肉饮食的美食场所。这里有一些选择，告诉你不需要吃肉就能得到令人满意的款待。)”可推知，这篇文章是写给那些不吃肉或鱼的人的。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Genesis Restaurant部分中的“Genesis Restaurant is especially known for its juicy dumplings, spring rolls, pork-free noodles and tofu cheesecake.(Genesis Restaurant尤其以其多汁的饺子、春卷、无猪肉面和豆腐芝士蛋糕而闻名。)”可知，Genesis Restaurant以中餐闻名。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据WellSmoocht Collective部分中的“WellSmoocht is a cafe and dessert bar which specialises in plant-based ice cream..(WellSmoocht是一家专营植物性冰淇淋的咖啡馆和甜品吧。)”及“Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapore 575628”可知，如果你喜欢吃甜食，你应该去Sin Ming Centre, #01-03。故选C。
B
The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in elementary school. Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams. The Field Day, which focused on individual skills, was different. In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.
Once I got to sixth grade and switched to private school, our entire student body was assigned to either the Red or the White team. Throughout the year, we competed against each other in various games and exercises for points. I eventually became president of The Committee of Games, accelerating (加速) my competitive fever. However, in girls’ sports games at my school, I was no star. I also played on the field hockey team and the basketball team. School sports did not bleed into the weekends, as they do today, but at home, playing tennis, skating, skiing and biking were simply normal things we did. During break time, magazines were also quite popular for us teens. These regularly featured articles on physical exercise. Somehow, my college roommate and I took up the habit of completing Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) exercises every day, a practice that continued into my marriage, when we had no spare funds to use to join a gym.
So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation. I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m concerned, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.
4. What does the underlined word “humiliation” mean in Paragraph 1?
A. responsibility B. panic C. shame D. desire
5. What did the author owe her victory in the Softball Throw event to?
A. Her advanced sports outfits. B. Her confidence in her sports ability.
C. The sports talent inherited from her father. D. The example and training offered by her father.
6. What happened after the author stepped into adulthood?
A. She generally exercised on weekends. B. She joined Royal Canadian Air Force.
C. She preferred reading to exercising. D. She maintained her love for sports.
7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the article?
A. To describe how her father built her interest in sports.
B. To recall her childhood memories about sports.
C. To express her passion for sports and fitness.
D. To emphasize the benefits of physical exercise.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小热爱体育，并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。就此，作者开始参与各种体育运动，并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams.(就我这个年纪来说，我个子很小，更像是一个书虫，而不是一个体育爱好者，我曾遭受过被各种体操队最后一名选中的特殊humiliation)”可知，作者的身材矮小，与其说是一个体育爱好者，不如说是一个书虫，并且在各种体操队都是最后一个被选中，这是一种耻辱，推测划线词表示“耻辱”，与shame同义。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.(在垒球投掷比赛中，我第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。这要归功于我的第一位教练，我的父亲。他每天早上在家举重。他给我们买了棒球手套和帽子，在温暖的月份，我们花了几个小时玩接球游戏。到了秋天，我们后院的足球比赛从传球练习开始)”可知，作者把她在垒球比赛中的胜利归功于她父亲的榜样力量和训练。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，即使在度假时也被认为是必不可少的)”可知，作者成年后保持了对运动的热爱。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in elementary school.(我第一次意识到我对体育比赛的热爱是在小学的Field Day期间)”和最后一段“So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，即使在度假时也被认为是必不可少的)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者从小热爱体育，并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。就此，作者开始参与各种体育运动，并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是表达她对运动和健康的热情。故选C。
C
Society tells us we should socialise to the fullest, and that those who are surrounded by people are the most successful and the happiest. These days, we’re almost always connected, whether in person or through our phone screens and online social networks. But there’s something to be said for solitude(独处), “Being alone doesn’t necessarily mean being lonely”. In fact, spending time by yourself is an essential element of self-care.
Around the globe, different cultures have wide-ranging perspectives on what it means to spend time alone. If you live or have spent time in the United States, you’re probably aware that Americans tend to reject solitude. For many younger people, weekends are packed with social activities, ranging from brunch with friends to dinner parties to game nights to drinking at bars and everything in between.
The United States isn’t the only place where you’ll find a heavy emphasis on social time. Across the Atlantic, the United Kingdom is known for being an extremely extroverted(外向型的)country. A survey of Brits found that more than half had never done and would be unwilling to do activities like going to theme parks or seeing live music alone. Most Brits spend almost twice as much of their leisure time socialising with others as they do being alone.
The home can be a place of rest, relaxation and recharge—that is, if you live by yourself or have the space to be alone in your home. The country in which people are least likely to live alone is India, at about 4 percent of the population. China is also quite fond of multiple-person households, with only about 10 percent of people living by themselves. In more collectivist cultures like these, many aspects of life are related to community. Thus, spending time alone isn’t as ingrained(根深蒂固的)as a social convention in places like these, and the good of the group takes priority over the needs of one person.
8. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. People can benefit more from solitude.
B. People tend to socialise more nowadays.
C. Being alone generally equals being lonely.
D. Being alone enables people to be carefree.
9. Which of the following best describes young Americans?
A. Imaginative and wild. B. Responsible and energetic.
C. Optimistic and dutiful. D. Outgoing and sociable.
10. Why are most Chinese people more likely to live together?
A. Because they share a specific culture.
B. Because they lack some local customs.
C. Because they possess enough home space.
D. Because they give priority to their own needs.
11. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. The Essence of Self-care B. Enjoy Solitude, Enjoy Yourself
C. The Functions of Different Cultures D. The Perspectives on Solitude
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了不同文化对独处的不同看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Society tells us we should socialise to the fullest, and that those who are surrounded by people are the most successful and the happiest. These days, we’re almost always connected, whether in person or through our phone screens and online social networks.(社会告诉我们，我们应该充分地社交，那些被人包围的人是最成功和最快乐的。如今，我们几乎总是联系在一起，无论是面对面，还是通过手机屏幕和在线社交网络。)”可知，如今我们几乎总是联系在一起，无论是面对面还是通过手机屏幕和社交网络；由此可推知，如今的人们更倾向于社交。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“If you live or have spent time in the United States, you’re probably aware that Americans tend to reject solitude. For many younger people, weekends are packed with social activities, ranging from brunch with friends to dinner parties to game nights to drinking at bars and everything in between.(如果你住在美国或曾在美国生活过一段时间，你可能会意识到美国人倾向于拒绝独处。对许多年轻人来说，周末充满了社交活动，从和朋友吃早午餐到晚宴，从游戏之夜到酒吧喝酒，以及介于这两者之间的一切。)”可知，美国的年轻人周末充满了社交活动。由此可推知，美国的年轻人都比较好社交。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“China is also quite fond of multiple-person households, with only about 10 percent of people living by themselves. In more collectivist cultures like these, many aspects of life are related to around community.(中国也很喜欢多口之家，只有大约10%的人独自生活。在这些更集体主义的文化中，生活的许多方面都与周围的社区有关。)”可知，大多数中国人更喜欢住在一起的原因是中国这种集体主义文化。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段首句“Around the globe, different cultures have wide-ranging perspectives on what it means to spend time alone.(在世界各地，不同的文化对独处的意义有着不同的看法。)”可知不同的文化对独处有着不同的看法；文章第二、三、四段分别谈到了美国、英国、印度和中国等国家的人对独处的看法。由此可知，本文主要谈到了不同国家对独处的看法。D项“The Perspectives on Solitude(对独处的看法)”最能概括本文内容。故选D项。
D
In 2019, the world generated 54.6 million tons of e-waste. However, just 17.4 percent of it was formally collected and recycled. Since 2014, the amount of e-waste recycled has grown by 1.8 million tons—a relatively small amount, considering that the amount of e-waste generated increased by 9.2 million tons in the same period.
Global reserves of some elements, such as platinum, are supposed to be fully used up within 15 years if the proportion of recycled stocks entering production doesn’t increase. E-waste and EV batteries are currently recycled through processes called pyrometallurgy (火法冶金术) and hydrometallurgy (湿法冶金术). However, they involve burning temperatures with a high energy demand and deep carbon footprint, and poisonous chemicals which are harmful to the environment. Alternatives are therefore being sought.
A team of scientists from the University of Coventry are extending one such alternative. They have been using non-poisonous bacteria to oxidize and recover the precious metals—a process known as “bioleaching”. They have shown that copper is widely recoverable from e-waste, and that all metals present in EV batteries can be recovered by using microbes (微生物). If extended, bioleaching facilities would mean that manufacturers of EV batteries and other electronic goods would be able to recover metals locally, relying less on costly exports to recycling centers abroad.
“At present, a key limitation for e-waste recycling is the lack of certification detailing the types and amounts of metals contained in electronic goods. But with an efficient recycling process appearing, manufacturers have the motivation to use more recycled material in their products, which will change the very design of electronics goods. It’s about closing the loop of a product’s life cycle,” said the leader of the Bioleaching Research Group, Sebastien Farnaud.
Ultimately, bioleaching technology is born out of the idea of creating a truly circular process for the things that we consume. We need to shift from a mindset and economy where we see waste as an end product, to one where there isn’t even a start or an end at all.
12. What do the statistics in Paragraph 1 indicate？
A. People pay no attention to e-waste recycling.
B. The recycling rate of e-waste is comparatively low.
C. E-waste has caused serious environmental problems.
D. The amount of e-waste is sharply increasing every year.
13. What is the disadvantage of current ways of recycling e-waste？
A. They are not environmentally friendly.
B. They only apply to certain e-waste.
C. They generate metals with a complex process.
D. They cause a sharp rise in local temperatures.
14. What do we know about the bioleaching technology？
A. It has been applied abroad. B. It releases no poisonous gas.
C. It recovers metals by microbes. D. It promotes the local export trade.
15. The text is most probably a part of ______.
A. a travel guide B. a fiction novel
C. a health magazine D. a scientific journal
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究——生物浸出技术，用来回收电子垃圾中的贵金属。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“In 2019, the world generated 54.6 million tons of e-waste. However, just 17.4 percent of it was formally collected and recycled. Since 2014, the amount of e-waste recycled has grown by 1.8 million tons-a relatively small amount, considering that the amount of e-waste generated increased by 9.2 million tons in the same period. (2019年，全球产生了5460万吨电子垃圾。然而，只有17.4%的垃圾被正式收集和回收。自2014年以来，电子垃圾的回收量增加了180万吨——相对于同期电子垃圾产生量增加了920万吨来说，这是一个相对较小的数量。)”可知，本段中的统计数字说明电子垃圾的回收率相对较低。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“E-waste and EV batteries are currently recycled through processes called pyrometallurgy (火法冶金术) and hydrometallurgy (湿法冶金术). However, they involve burning temperatures with a high energy demand and deep carbon footprint, and poisonous chemicals which are harmful to the environment. (电子垃圾和电动汽车电池目前通过火法和湿法回收。然而，它们涉及到能源需求高、碳足迹深的燃烧温度，以及对环境有害的有毒化学物质。)”可知，目前回收电子垃圾的方法对环境不利。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“They have been using non-poisonous bacteria to oxidize and recover the precious metals—a process known as “bioleaching”. They have shown that copper is widely recoverable from e-waste, and that all metals present in EV batteries can be recovered by using microbes (微生物). (他们一直在使用无毒的细菌来氧化和回收贵金属——这一过程被称为“生物浸出”。他们已经表明，铜可以从电子垃圾中广泛回收，而电动汽车电池中的所有金属都可以通过使用微生物来回收。)”可知，生物浸出技术就是通过微生物来回收金属。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，根据第三段中“A team of scientists from the University of Coventry are extending one such alternative. They have been using non-poisonous bacteria to oxidize and recover the precious metals—a process known as “bioleaching”. (来自Coventry大学的一组科学家正在推广这样一种替代方案。他们一直在使用无毒的细菌来氧化和回收贵金属——这一过程被称为‘生物浸出’。)”可知，本文主要介绍一组科学家的一项科学研究——生物浸出技术，用来回收电子垃圾中的贵金属。从而推断，本文来自于科学杂志。故选D项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For people who are planning a trip, a visit to a museum might not be the first thing they think of. After all, there are plenty of ways to appreciate the world’s civilization, gain exciting experiences and spend quality time with family and friends. ____16____
Museums are where people learn something new, at every age! Are you interested in something specific? ____17____. There, you will find yourself drawn in and inspired! Museums are a fantastic place to learn about a region’s history, scientific achievements, major cultural events, and of course, dinosaurs. They also design exhibitions related to visual arts, industrial innovations and anything that inspires an individual to learn about the past and create new paths to the future.
____18____ They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose to expose children to knowledge of various fields and expand their horizons. To achieve that, museums are working to create meaningful and engaging activities, interactive and knowledge-based.
Museums support tourism. They are tourism promoters in small towns and large cities. Museums aren’t a burden on tax revenue (税收) or a separate concern from other city projects. ____19____Statistics show that museums support more than 726, 000 jobs in America.
Museums shape communities. They have activities and exhibitions through which visitors can learn about local history. Museums are places where a shared heritage is celebrated and a collective identity is formed. They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other. ____20____
A. Museums bring out the best qualities in children.
B. Museums often deliver kids-centered exhibitions.
C. Instead, they generate funding and fuel employment.
D. Then, visit a local museum to learn about that subject.
E. Even shopping at the gift shop there is an opportunity for connection.
F. On the contrary, they consume a small percentage of city funds annually.
G. The fact, however, is that museums offer magical benefits in many ways.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了博物馆的多项社会性功能。
【16题详解】
根据上文“For people who are planning a trip, a visit to a museum might not be the first thing they think of. After all, there are plenty of ways to appreciate the world’s civilization, gain exciting experiences and spend quality time with family and friends. (对于计划旅行的人来说，参观博物馆可能不是他们想到的第一件事。毕竟，有很多方式可以欣赏世界文明，获得令人兴奋的体验，与家人和朋友共度美好时光)”可知，此处提到人们在旅行途中有很多选择，博物馆不是人们的首选地址，G项“The fact, however, is that museums offer magical benefits in many ways (然而，事实是博物馆在许多方面提供了神奇的好处。)”中的however表明，其实去博物馆有好多益处，此处点明本文的主题。上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选G项。
17题详解】
根据上文“Museums are where people learn something new, at every age! Are you interested in something specific? (博物馆是人们学习新东西的地方，不分年龄！你有什么特别的兴趣吗？)”可知，可以去博物馆观看感兴趣的东西；D项“Then, visit a local museum to learn about that subject. (然后，去当地的博物馆了解一下这个主题。)”中的that subject指代上文的something specific，上下文连贯顺畅。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose to expose children to knowledge of various fields and expand their horizons. To achieve that, museums are working to create meaningful and engaging activities, interactive and knowledge-based. (它们肯定是教育经历中令人兴奋的一部分，主要目的是让孩子们接触各个领域的知识，扩大他们的视野。为了实现这一目标，博物馆正在努力创造有意义和吸引人的活动，以互动和知识为基础。)”可知，博物馆可以让孩子们接收到教育，B项“Museums often deliver kids-centered exhibitions. (博物馆经常举办以儿童为中心的展览。)”作本段小标题，上下文连贯顺畅。故选B项。
19题详解】
根据上文“Museums support tourism. They are tourism promoters in small towns and large cities. Museums aren’t a burden on tax revenue (税收) or a separate concern from other city projects. (博物馆支持旅游业。他们是小城镇和大城市的旅游推动者。博物馆不是税收的负担，也不是与其他城市项目分开的单独的问题。)”可知，本段中涉及博物馆对城市旅行业的推动；C项“Instead, they generate funding and fuel employment. (相反，它们创造了资金和就业。)”与上文为转折关系，下文“Statistics show that museums support more than 726, 000 jobs in America (统计数据显示，博物馆在美国提供了72.6万个工作岗位)”可知，此处具体解释博物馆创造工作机会的功能，呼应C项的fuel employment，上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Museums shape communities. They have activities and exhibitions through which visitors can learn about local history. Museums are places where a shared heritage is celebrated and a collective identity is formed. They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other. (博物馆塑造社区。他们有活动和展览，游客可以通过这些活动了解当地的历史。博物馆是庆祝共同遗产和形成集体身份的地方。它们提供了一个有趣的公共空间，人们可以在这里见面交谈。)”可知，本段涉及博物馆塑造社区的功能，博物馆作为一个公共空间，人们可以相互交流；E项“Even shopping at the gift shop there is an opportunity for connection. (即使是在礼品店购物，也有机会建立联系。)”可知，在博物馆的周边产业，如礼品店，在这里人们也有机会进行交流联系，上下文顺畅。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One summer night, my friends and I stole into the Jordans’ backyard and started harvesting their sweet, juicy raspberries (树莓). We were enjoying every bite of the tasty berries___21___Mr Jordan came charging outside all of a sudden.
“What are you boys doing out here?” he yelled as my friends ran off___22___all directions. He attempted to catch one or two as they rushed past him, but they were too___23___for the older gentleman to catch. Within seconds, the boys___24___into the dark of the summer night. All except me.
However, speed was never my___25___. I took the tongue-lashing(痛骂) that Mr Jordan gave me as he marched me down the block to my house, where my mother took over and scolded me___26___. My friends said they could hear every___27___word she spoke from the darkness of our backyard, where they had gathered to___28___their escape and to observe my capture.
They teased me about it for days afterwards, while all I could do was complain about how___29___it was that I was the only one who had to pay the price. After about a week of this, I complained to my father about the inequality of the situation. Dad said, “You took raspberries without____30____, and you get exactly the punishment you deserved.”
“But what about the other guys?” I asked. “They didn’t get punished at all!”
“That’s not my concern nor should it be yours,” Dad said. “You can’t____31____what happens to others. You can only____32____what happens to you. You made a bad choice that night, and you were punished for it.”
____33____the duration of the following years, I come to realize there is no guarantee that life will treat us fairly. That’s why we can’t____34____comparing our lives with the lives of others. Like Dad said, that isn’t our____35____.
21. A. before B. while C. when D. after
22. A. towards B. in C. at D. from
23. A. smart B. foxy C. swift D. intelligent
24. A. hid B. marched C. hurried D. disappeared
25. A. strength B. power C. intention D. option
26. A. cruelly B. bitterly C. mercilessly D. pitifully
27. A. colorful B. offensive C. violent D. creative
28. A. negotiate B. celebrate C. plot D. congratulate
29. A. unhappy B. frustrating C. disappointing D. unfair
30. A. thinking B. warning C. asking D. informing
31. A. control B. predict C. accept D. explain
32. A. put up with B. get away with C. agree with D. deal with
33. A. In B. For C. Through D. Since
34. A. get stuck in B. get engaged in C. be involved in D. be buried in
35. A. problem B. complaint C. concern D. choice
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文叙述了作者和伙伴们偷树莓，但是唯独作者被抓到，并受到了惩罚由此引起作者对生活的感悟。
【21题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：。我们正津津有味地吃着美味的浆果，突然乔丹先生冲了出来。A. before在……之前；B. while当……时候 ，正在那时；C. when当……时候；D. after在……之后。be doing sth when……“正在做某事正在那时”为固定句型。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：“你们在外面干什么?”我的朋友们朝四面八方跑去时，他喊道。A. towards向；B. in在……里；C. at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；D. from来自。根据下文“He attempted to catch one or two”可知，作者的朋友们朝四面八方跑去。in all directions“四面八方”。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当它们从他身边冲过时，他试图抓住其中一两个，但他们跑得太快了，老先生没能抓住。A. smart聪明的；B. foxy狡猾的；C. swift敏捷的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据下文“Within seconds, the boys ___4___ into the dark of the summer night.”可知，他们跑得太快了。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几秒钟后，男孩们消失在夏夜的黑暗中。A. hid隐藏；B. marched前进；C. hurried匆匆；D. disappeared消失。根据上文“but they were too ___3___ for the older gentleman to catch.”可知，男孩们消失在夏夜的黑暗中。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，速度从来都不是我的强项。A. strength力气，优势；B. power力量；C. intention 意图；D. option选择。根据上文“All except me”可知，速度从来都不是作者的强项。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我挨了乔丹先生的一顿臭骂，他带着我穿过街区回到了我的家，母亲接过了我的手，愤怒地骂了我一顿。A. cruelly残忍地；B. bitterly愤怒地，痛苦地；C. mercilessly残忍地；D. pitifully可怜地。根据上文“I took the tongue-lashing(痛骂)”可知，作者挨了乔丹先生的一顿臭骂，妈妈也愤怒地骂了作者。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们说，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到她说的每一个精彩的词，他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱，并观看我被捕。A. colorful丰富多彩的；B. offensive无礼的；C. violent暴力的；D. creative有创造力的。根据上文“where my mother took over and scolded me ___6___”可知，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到妈妈说的每一个精彩的词，colorful丰富多彩的，这是朋友们的一种戏谑的说法。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们说，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到她说的每一个精彩的词，他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱，并观看我被捕。A. negotiate协商；B. celebrate庆祝；C. plot密谋；D. congratulate祝贺。根据上文可知，所有的朋友头逃跑了，所以他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来他们拿这件事取笑了我好几天，而我能做的就是抱怨这是多么不公平，我是唯一一个要为此付出代价的人。A. unhappy不快乐的；B. frustrating令人沮丧的； C. disappointing令人失望的；D. unfair不公平的。根据下文“I was the only one who had to pay the price.”可知，我能做的就是抱怨这是多么不公平。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸说:“你没问就拿了树莓，你得到了你应得的惩罚。”A. thinking思考；B. warning警告；C. asking问； D. informing告知。根据上文“my friends and I stole into the Jordans’ backyard”可知，作者是偷了树莓，所以没问就拿了树莓。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你无法控制发生在别人身上的事。A. control控制；B. predict预测；C. accept 接受；D. explain解释。根据常识以及只有作者被惩罚而其他人逃脱了可知，你无法控制发生在别人身上的事。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你只能处理发生在你身上的事情。A. put up with忍受；B. get away with侥幸成功；C. agree with同意；D. deal with处理。根据上文“you get exactly the punishment you deserved.”可知，你只能处理发生在你身上的事情。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几年里，我逐渐意识到生活不一定会公平对待我们。A. In在……里；B. For因为，（表示时间）持续；C. Through通过； D. Since自从。根据“the duration of the following years”可知，for+一段时间。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我们不能执着于把自己的生活和别人的生活进行比较。A. get stuck in下定决心做；B. get engaged in参与；C. be involved in参与；D. be buried in专心于。根据上文“After about a week of this, I complained to my father about the inequality of the situation. Dad said, “You took raspberries without ___10___ , and you get exactly the punishment you deserved.”“But what about the other guys?” I asked. “They didn’t get punished at all!”以及作者的感悟可知，这就是为什么我们不能执着于把自己的生活和别人的生活进行比较故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像爸爸说的，那不是我们关心的事。A. problem问题；B. complaint抱怨；C. concern关心；D. choice选择。根据上文“That’s not my concern nor should it be yours”可知，就像爸爸说的，那不是我们关心的事。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A comforting cup of tea is an essential part of the day for hundreds of millions of people around the globe. Worldwide, three cups of tea ____36____ (consume) for every cup of coffee. To fully appreciate the ancient roots of the ____37____ (herb) drink, a visit to the China National Tea Museum might be _______38_______ order. The institution has a long history.
____39____ (locate) in Hangzhou, the museum occupies a parklike setting. Inside, various halls demonstrate the story of tea, its ceremonies (仪式) and its tools. Records of tea drinking date as far back as the tenth century B.C. in China.____40____ (original) the leaves were baked into a brick, a part of ____41____ could be broken off and made into a powder (粉状物). Tea spread into northern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Song Dynasty it ____42____ (acquire) a loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption ____43____ art form.
The art of tea extended to its fancy ____44____ (contain), which are on display at the museum. Gracefully rounded kettles date back 5,000 years; tea bowls from the Tang Dynasty have a beautiful simplicity. Today visitors can observe a tea ceremony that might be enough ____45____ (change) even the most passionate coffee drinker.
【答案】36. are consumed
37. herbal 38. in
39. Located
40. Originally
41. which 42. had acquired
43. an 44. containers
45. to change
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是中国茶叶博物馆和茶的历史。
【36题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：在世界范围内，每喝一杯咖啡就要喝三杯茶。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，茶叶是被消耗，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主语three cups of tea是复数，因此空格处是are consumed。故填are consumed。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：要想充分领略这种草药饮料的古老根源，不妨去参观中国茶叶博物馆。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词drink，herb的形容词是herbal，意为“草药的”，故填herbal。
38题详解】
考查介词。句意：要想充分领略这种草药饮料的古老根源，不妨去参观中国茶叶博物馆。in order是固定短语，意为“合适，恰当”，此处表示“要想充分领略这种草药饮料的古老根源，去参观中国茶叶博物馆是合适的”，因此空格处是介词in，故填in。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：博物馆位于杭州，坐落在公园般的环境中。句中谓语是occupies，空格处用非谓语动词，the museum和locate之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Located。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：最初，树叶被烘烤成砖，其中一部分可以折断，制成粉末。空格处用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，original的副词是originally，意为“最初”，句首单词首字母大写，故填Originally。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最初，树叶被烘烤成砖，其中一部分可以折断，制成粉末。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词brick是物，因此空格处用which，故填which。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：到了宋代，它已经有了活页制作和仪式，使它的消费成为一种艺术形式。“by+时间”是完成时的标志，由by the Song Dynasty可知，句子时态是过去完成时，因此空格处是had acquired。故填had acquired。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：到了宋代，它已经有了活页制作和仪式，使它的消费成为一种艺术形式。form是可数名词，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，art是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：茶的艺术延伸到其别致的容器，这些容器在博物馆展出。fancy是形容词，修饰名词，contain的名词是container，意为“容器”，由are可知，空格处用复数，故填containers。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：今天，游客们可以观赏到一种茶道，它可能足以改变即使是最热情的咖啡饮用者。be enough to do是固定短语，意为“足以做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to change。故填to change。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是某国际学校学生李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Kelly对你提到的学校“多元文化日”(Multicultural Day)活动很感兴趣。请回信告知他关于该活动的相关信息。内容包括：
1.活动时间;
2.活动目的和内容。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Kelly,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Kelly,
Knowing that you are interested in Multicultural Day of our school, I am writing to introduce it to you. It is designed to increase the students’ understanding of different cultures all over the world. We celebrate it on July 1st every year, when we organize a variety of activities such as dance performances, exhibitions and fashion shows and so on. It is through these activities that we can have a deeper understanding of different cultures around the world. For example, during the dance performance, we can enjoy dances performed by students from different countries.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给爱尔兰笔友Kelly写回信，介绍学校的“多元文化日”活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……有兴趣：be interested in→have interest in
是为了：be designed to do→be intended to do
组织：organize→arrange
各种各样的：a variety of→various
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knowing that you are interested in Multicultural Day of our school, I am writing to introduce it to you.
拓展句：Because I know that you are interested in Multicultural Day of our school, I am writing to introduce it to you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We celebrate it on July 1st every year, when we organize a variety of activities such as dance performances, exhibitions and fashion shows and so on.（运用了when引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】It is through these activities that we can have a deeper understanding of different cultures around the world.（运用了强调句型It is+被强调部分+that+句子其它部分）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I found the kitten sitting on the front step of our house. He was black and white and looked quite weak. Where did he come from? I noticed he had no collar around his neck. Who would be so irresponsible?
I went inside and opened a can of fish. After I placed the can in the doorway, the kitten hungrily lapped it up and then walked right inside the house. Later, after jumping onto a bunch of pillows on the couch, he began to groom his hair.
I bet his last owners didn’t love him at all! I thought. If someone can’t take care of their kitten they deserve to lose him! Our family never owned pets, but I had always wanted one. It’s a good thing I found that kitten and took him in. Thank goodness he found me!
The kitten kept meowing quite a lot. And then, it started trying to bite my hand.
“Hey, kitten! I’m not food!” I said. But the kitten tried again to bite my finger. I knew I had to get him some proper cat food. “You stay put, kitten!” I told him. “I’m going to get you food!” Then I grabbed my keys and headed out to the pet store nearest to our house.
On my way to the store, I spotted a sign on the telephone pole:
LOST KITTEN-Black and White, very friendly. If you find him, please call us.
“If you were so worried about your kitten,” I thought, “maybe you should have taken better care of him!”
When I walked into the pet store, I found that the place was packed with kids handing out flyers about the same cat to customers inside. In the back of the store, I saw a boy under 10 years old, crying in his wheelchair. “I can’t believe I lost my kitten!” he said to his parents.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
I looked at the flyers on the wall carefully this time — it was definitely the cat I had back at home!
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The little boy began to cry with laughter.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
I looked at the flyers on the wall carefully this time — it was definitely the cat I had back at home! Then the truth of the situation hit me — I had stolen a little boy’s cat! I tried to justify why I should keep the kitten by convincing myself the owners deserved to lose him. Now I saw that it was all a big mistake. I approached the little boy in the wheelchair. He blew his nose and looked up at me. “I have your kitten,” I told him. “I’m sorry. I just found him and fed him. He’s at my house.”
The little boy began to cry with laughter. He held his arms out and gave me a big hug. “Thank you so much! I was just about to put a new collar on him when he ran out the door. I couldn’t chase him because of my legs ...” I then ran home to get the kitten and reunited the owner and his pet finally. I once thought for sure the kitten’s owners deserved to lose him; yet in the end, I was the one who didn’t deserve to keep the kitten.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者捡到了一只猫，本来想自己收养，结果在去宠物店的路上发现了寻猫启事。作者在宠物店发现了猫的主人是一个坐轮椅的男孩，经过一番内心挣扎，作者最后还是把猫还给了男孩。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这次我仔细看了墙上传单——它绝对是我在家里养的那只猫！”可知，第一段可描写作者纠结要不要把猫还给男孩以及决定把猫还给男孩。
②由第二段首句内容“小男孩笑得哭了起来”可知，第二段可描写男孩解释为什么弄丢了猫，以及猫和男孩最终团聚。
2.续写线索：说服自己——靠近男孩——说明猫在自己家——男孩感谢——男孩和猫团聚——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
解释：justify /explain
说服：convince/persuade
拥抱：give sb. a hug/embrace
情绪类
仔细地：carefully / thoroughly
感谢：thank you/show gratitude to
【点睛】[高分句型1] I tried to justify why I should keep the kitten by convincing myself the owners deserved to lose him. (运用了why引导宾语从句)
2023-2024-1明德中学高二上入学考试
英语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Special Food Places to Try In Singapore
It’s an unpleasant fact that local food places are usually meant to cater to meat-eaters. It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you don’t need meat for a satisfactory treat.
Vegan Burg
Vegan Burg has a surprisingly diverse range of plant-based burgers. From Hawaiian Teriyaki to Char-Grilled Satay, the menu promises to tempt even the most hardcore meat lovers. And that’s not even getting into the add-ons and sides it offers, such as mushroom fries and barbecue potatoes.
Woods Square Tower, #01-06, Singapore 737737
Genesis Restaurant
This eatery proves that meat-free dishes can be as hearty and flavorful as their meat-based counterparts. Genesis Restaurant is especially known for its juicy dumplings, spring rolls, pork-free noodles and tofu cheesecake.
Havelock Road, #B1-01, Singapore 059763
WellSmoocht Collective
WellSmoocht is a cafe and dessert bar which specializes in plant-based ice cream. Made from brown rice, sugar cane juice and fruits or nut butters, Smoocht’s rice cream, as they call it, comes in a wide variety of delicious flavors such as Earl Grey Lavender,Rose Coconut and Gula Melaka.
Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapore 575628
Green Common
This one-stop plant-based eatery and marketplace has a delicious menu of mouth-watering meat-free dishes, from Japanese cuisine like sushi and miso glazed fillet to Western dishes like fishless tacos and pasta, as well as local favourites such as seafood laksa and even buah keluak rice.
HarbourFront Walk, #169-170, Singapore 098585
1. Who is the passage intended for?
A. Those who want to lose weight.
B. Those who don’t eat meat.
C. Those who can’t go without meat.
D. Those who prefer home-made food.
2. What is Genesis Restaurant famous for?
A. Chinese-friendly food. B. Plant-based burgers.
C. Plant-based ice-cream. D. Japanese seafood.
3. Where should you go if you have a sweet tooth?
A. Woods Square Tower, #01-06.
B. Havelock Road, #B1-01.
C. Sin Ming Centre, #01-03.
D. HarbourFront Walk, #169-170.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新加坡的素食美食。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you don’t need meat for a satisfactory treat.(很难找到一个迎合无肉饮食的美食场所。这里有一些选择，告诉你不需要吃肉就能得到令人满意的款待。)”可推知，这篇文章是写给那些不吃肉或鱼的人的。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Genesis Restaurant部分中的“Genesis Restaurant is especially known for its juicy dumplings, spring rolls, pork-free noodles and tofu cheesecake.(Genesis Restaurant尤其以其多汁的饺子、春卷、无猪肉面和豆腐芝士蛋糕而闻名。)”可知，Genesis Restaurant以中餐闻名。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据WellSmoocht Collective部分中的“WellSmoocht is a cafe and dessert bar which specialises in plant-based ice cream..(WellSmoocht是一家专营植物性冰淇淋的咖啡馆和甜品吧。)”及“Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapore 575628”可知，如果你喜欢吃甜食，你应该去Sin Ming Centre, #01-03。故选C。
B
The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in elementary school. Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams. The Field Day, which focused on individual skills, was different. In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.
Once I got to sixth grade and switched to private school, our entire student body was assigned to either the Red or the White team. Throughout the year, we competed against each other in various games and exercises for points. I eventually became president of The Committee of Games, accelerating (加速) my competitive fever. However, in girls’ sports games at my school, I was no star. I also played on the field hockey team and the basketball team. School sports did not bleed into the weekends, as they do today, but at home, playing tennis, skating, skiing and biking were simply normal things we did. During break time, magazines were also quite popular for us teens. These regularly featured articles on physical exercise. Somehow, my college roommate and I took up the habit of completing Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) exercises every day, a practice that continued into my marriage, when we had no spare funds to use to join a gym.
So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation. I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m concerned, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.
4. What does the underlined word “humiliation” mean in Paragraph 1?
A. responsibility B. panic C. shame D. desire
5. What did the author owe her victory in the Softball Throw event to?
A. Her advanced sports outfits. B. Her confidence in her sports ability.
C. The sports talent inherited from her father. D. The example and training offered by her father.
6. What happened after the author stepped into adulthood?
A. She generally exercised on weekends. B. She joined Royal Canadian Air Force.
C. She preferred reading to exercising. D. She maintained her love for sports.
7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the article?
A. To describe how her father built her interest in sports.
B. To recall her childhood memories about sports.
C. To express her passion for sports and fitness.
D. To emphasize the benefits of physical exercise.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小热爱体育，并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。就此，作者开始参与各种体育运动，并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams.(就我这个年纪来说，我个子很小，更像是一个书虫，而不是一个体育爱好者，我曾遭受过被各种体操队最后一名选中的特殊humiliation)”可知，作者的身材矮小，与其说是一个体育爱好者，不如说是一个书虫，并且在各种体操队都是最后一个被选中，这是一种耻辱，推测划线词表示“耻辱”，与shame同义。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.(在垒球投掷比赛中，我第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。这要归功于我的第一位教练，我的父亲。他每天早上在家举重。他给我们买了棒球手套和帽子，在温暖的月份，我们花了几个小时玩接球游戏。到了秋天，我们后院的足球比赛从传球练习开始)”可知，作者把她在垒球比赛中的胜利归功于她父亲的榜样力量和训练。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，即使在度假时也被认为是必不可少的)”可知，作者成年后保持了对运动的热爱。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in elementary school.(我第一次意识到我对体育比赛的热爱是在小学的Field Day期间)”和最后一段“So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，即使在度假时也被认为是必不可少的)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者从小热爱体育，并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。就此，作者开始参与各种体育运动，并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是表达她对运动和健康的热情。故选C。
C
Society tells us we should socialise to the fullest, and that those who are surrounded by people are the most successful and the happiest. These days, we’re almost always connected, whether in person or through our phone screens and online social networks. But there’s something to be said for solitude(独处), “Being alone doesn’t necessarily mean being lonely”. In fact, spending time by yourself is an essential element of self-care.
Around the globe, different cultures have wide-ranging perspectives on what it means to spend time alone. If you live or have spent time in the United States, you’re probably aware that Americans tend to reject solitude. For many younger people, weekends are packed with social activities, ranging from brunch with friends to dinner parties to game nights to drinking at bars and everything in between.
The United States isn’t the only place where you’ll find a heavy emphasis on social time. Across the Atlantic, the United Kingdom is known for being an extremely extroverted(外向型的)country. A survey of Brits found that more than half had never done and would be unwilling to do activities like going to theme parks or seeing live music alone. Most Brits spend almost twice as much of their leisure time socialising with others as they do being alone.
The home can be a place of rest, relaxation and recharge—that is, if you live by yourself or have the space to be alone in your home. The country in which people are least likely to live alone is India, at about 4 percent of the population. China is also quite fond of multiple-person households, with only about 10 percent of people living by themselves. In more collectivist cultures like these, many aspects of life are related to community. Thus, spending time alone isn’t as ingrained(根深蒂固的)as a social convention in places like these, and the good of the group takes priority over the needs of one person.
8. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. People can benefit more from solitude.
B. People tend to socialise more nowadays.
C. Being alone generally equals being lonely.
D. Being alone enables people to be carefree.
9. Which of the following best describes young Americans?
A. Imaginative and wild. B. Responsible and energetic.
C. Optimistic and dutiful. D. Outgoing and sociable.
10. Why are most Chinese people more likely to live together?
A. Because they share a specific culture.
B. Because they lack some local customs.
C. Because they possess enough home space.
D. Because they give priority to their own needs.
11. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. The Essence of Self-care B. Enjoy Solitude, Enjoy Yourself
C. The Functions of Different Cultures D. The Perspectives on Solitude
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了不同文化对独处的不同看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Society tells us we should socialise to the fullest, and that those who are surrounded by people are the most successful and the happiest. These days, we’re almost always connected, whether in person or through our phone screens and online social networks.(社会告诉我们，我们应该充分地社交，那些被人包围的人是最成功和最快乐的。如今，我们几乎总是联系在一起，无论是面对面，还是通过手机屏幕和在线社交网络。)”可知，如今我们几乎总是联系在一起，无论是面对面还是通过手机屏幕和社交网络；由此可推知，如今的人们更倾向于社交。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“If you live or have spent time in the United States, you’re probably aware that Americans tend to reject solitude. For many younger people, weekends are packed with social activities, ranging from brunch with friends to dinner parties to game nights to drinking at bars and everything in between.(如果你住在美国或曾在美国生活过一段时间，你可能会意识到美国人倾向于拒绝独处。对许多年轻人来说，周末充满了社交活动，从和朋友吃早午餐到晚宴，从游戏之夜到酒吧喝酒，以及介于这两者之间的一切。)”可知，美国的年轻人周末充满了社交活动。由此可推知，美国的年轻人都比较好社交。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“China is also quite fond of multiple-person households, with only about 10 percent of people living by themselves. In more collectivist cultures like these, many aspects of life are related to around community.(中国也很喜欢多口之家，只有大约10%的人独自生活。在这些更集体主义的文化中，生活的许多方面都与周围的社区有关。)”可知，大多数中国人更喜欢住在一起的原因是中国这种集体主义文化。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段首句“Around the globe, different cultures have wide-ranging perspectives on what it means to spend time alone.(在世界各地，不同的文化对独处的意义有着不同的看法。)”可知不同的文化对独处有着不同的看法；文章第二、三、四段分别谈到了美国、英国、印度和中国等国家的人对独处的看法。由此可知，本文主要谈到了不同国家对独处的看法。D项“The Perspectives on Solitude(对独处的看法)”最能概括本文内容。故选D项。
D
In 2019, the world generated 54.6 million tons of e-waste. However, just 17.4 percent of it was formally collected and recycled. Since 2014, the amount of e-waste recycled has grown by 1.8 million tons—a relatively small amount, considering that the amount of e-waste generated increased by 9.2 million tons in the same period.
Global reserves of some elements, such as platinum, are supposed to be fully used up within 15 years if the proportion of recycled stocks entering production doesn’t increase. E-waste and EV batteries are currently recycled through processes called pyrometallurgy (火法冶金术) and hydrometallurgy (湿法冶金术). However, they involve burning temperatures with a high energy demand and deep carbon footprint, and poisonous chemicals which are harmful to the environment. Alternatives are therefore being sought.
A team of scientists from the University of Coventry are extending one such alternative. They have been using non-poisonous bacteria to oxidize and recover the precious metals—a process known as “bioleaching”. They have shown that copper is widely recoverable from e-waste, and that all metals present in EV batteries can be recovered by using microbes (微生物). If extended, bioleaching facilities would mean that manufacturers of EV batteries and other electronic goods would be able to recover metals locally, relying less on costly exports to recycling centers abroad.
“At present, a key limitation for e-waste recycling is the lack of certification detailing the types and amounts of metals contained in electronic goods. But with an efficient recycling process appearing, manufacturers have the motivation to use more recycled material in their products, which will change the very design of electronics goods. It’s about closing the loop of a product’s life cycle,” said the leader of the Bioleaching Research Group, Sebastien Farnaud.
Ultimately, bioleaching technology is born out of the idea of creating a truly circular process for the things that we consume. We need to shift from a mindset and economy where we see waste as an end product, to one where there isn’t even a start or an end at all.
12. What do the statistics in Paragraph 1 indicate？
A. People pay no attention to e-waste recycling.
B. The recycling rate of e-waste is comparatively low.
C. E-waste has caused serious environmental problems.
D. The amount of e-waste is sharply increasing every year.
13. What is the disadvantage of current ways of recycling e-waste？
A. They are not environmentally friendly.
B. They only apply to certain e-waste.
C. They generate metals with a complex process.
D. They cause a sharp rise in local temperatures.
14. What do we know about the bioleaching technology？
A. It has been applied abroad. B. It releases no poisonous gas.
C. It recovers metals by microbes. D. It promotes the local export trade.
15. The text is most probably a part of ______.
A. a travel guide B. a fiction novel
C. a health magazine D. a scientific journal
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究——生物浸出技术，用来回收电子垃圾中的贵金属。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“In 2019, the world generated 54.6 million tons of e-waste. However, just 17.4 percent of it was formally collected and recycled. Since 2014, the amount of e-waste recycled has grown by 1.8 million tons-a relatively small amount, considering that the amount of e-waste generated increased by 9.2 million tons in the same period. (2019年，全球产生了5460万吨电子垃圾。然而，只有17.4%的垃圾被正式收集和回收。自2014年以来，电子垃圾的回收量增加了180万吨——相对于同期电子垃圾产生量增加了920万吨来说，这是一个相对较小的数量。)”可知，本段中的统计数字说明电子垃圾的回收率相对较低。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“E-waste and EV batteries are currently recycled through processes called pyrometallurgy (火法冶金术) and hydrometallurgy (湿法冶金术). However, they involve burning temperatures with a high energy demand and deep carbon footprint, and poisonous chemicals which are harmful to the environment. (电子垃圾和电动汽车电池目前通过火法和湿法回收。然而，它们涉及到能源需求高、碳足迹深的燃烧温度，以及对环境有害的有毒化学物质。)”可知，目前回收电子垃圾的方法对环境不利。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“They have been using non-poisonous bacteria to oxidize and recover the precious metals—a process known as “bioleaching”. They have shown that copper is widely recoverable from e-waste, and that all metals present in EV batteries can be recovered by using microbes (微生物). (他们一直在使用无毒的细菌来氧化和回收贵金属——这一过程被称为“生物浸出”。他们已经表明，铜可以从电子垃圾中广泛回收，而电动汽车电池中的所有金属都可以通过使用微生物来回收。)”可知，生物浸出技术就是通过微生物来回收金属。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，根据第三段中“A team of scientists from the University of Coventry are extending one such alternative. They have been using non-poisonous bacteria to oxidize and recover the precious metals—a process known as “bioleaching”. (来自Coventry大学的一组科学家正在推广这样一种替代方案。他们一直在使用无毒的细菌来氧化和回收贵金属——这一过程被称为‘生物浸出’。)”可知，本文主要介绍一组科学家的一项科学研究——生物浸出技术，用来回收电子垃圾中的贵金属。从而推断，本文来自于科学杂志。故选D项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For people who are planning a trip, a visit to a museum might not be the first thing they think of. After all, there are plenty of ways to appreciate the world’s civilization, gain exciting experiences and spend quality time with family and friends. ____16____
Museums are where people learn something new, at every age! Are you interested in something specific? ____17____. There, you will find yourself drawn in and inspired! Museums are a fantastic place to learn about a region’s history, scientific achievements, major cultural events, and of course, dinosaurs. They also design exhibitions related to visual arts, industrial innovations and anything that inspires an individual to learn about the past and create new paths to the future.
____18____ They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose to expose children to knowledge of various fields and expand their horizons. To achieve that, museums are working to create meaningful and engaging activities, interactive and knowledge-based.
Museums support tourism. They are tourism promoters in small towns and large cities. Museums aren’t a burden on tax revenue (税收) or a separate concern from other city projects. ____19____Statistics show that museums support more than 726, 000 jobs in America.
Museums shape communities. They have activities and exhibitions through which visitors can learn about local history. Museums are places where a shared heritage is celebrated and a collective identity is formed. They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other. ____20____
A. Museums bring out the best qualities in children.
B. Museums often deliver kids-centered exhibitions.
C. Instead, they generate funding and fuel employment.
D. Then, visit a local museum to learn about that subject.
E. Even shopping at the gift shop there is an opportunity for connection.
F. On the contrary, they consume a small percentage of city funds annually.
G. The fact, however, is that museums offer magical benefits in many ways.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了博物馆的多项社会性功能。
【16题详解】
根据上文“For people who are planning a trip, a visit to a museum might not be the first thing they think of. After all, there are plenty of ways to appreciate the world’s civilization, gain exciting experiences and spend quality time with family and friends. (对于计划旅行的人来说，参观博物馆可能不是他们想到的第一件事。毕竟，有很多方式可以欣赏世界文明，获得令人兴奋的体验，与家人和朋友共度美好时光)”可知，此处提到人们在旅行途中有很多选择，博物馆不是人们的首选地址，G项“The fact, however, is that museums offer magical benefits in many ways (然而，事实是博物馆在许多方面提供了神奇的好处。)”中的however表明，其实去博物馆有好多益处，此处点明本文的主题。上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选G项。
17题详解】
根据上文“Museums are where people learn something new, at every age! Are you interested in something specific? (博物馆是人们学习新东西的地方，不分年龄！你有什么特别的兴趣吗？)”可知，可以去博物馆观看感兴趣的东西；D项“Then, visit a local museum to learn about that subject. (然后，去当地的博物馆了解一下这个主题。)”中的that subject指代上文的something specific，上下文连贯顺畅。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose to expose children to knowledge of various fields and expand their horizons. To achieve that, museums are working to create meaningful and engaging activities, interactive and knowledge-based. (它们肯定是教育经历中令人兴奋的一部分，主要目的是让孩子们接触各个领域的知识，扩大他们的视野。为了实现这一目标，博物馆正在努力创造有意义和吸引人的活动，以互动和知识为基础。)”可知，博物馆可以让孩子们接收到教育，B项“Museums often deliver kids-centered exhibitions. (博物馆经常举办以儿童为中心的展览。)”作本段小标题，上下文连贯顺畅。故选B项。
19题详解】
根据上文“Museums support tourism. They are tourism promoters in small towns and large cities. Museums aren’t a burden on tax revenue (税收) or a separate concern from other city projects. (博物馆支持旅游业。他们是小城镇和大城市的旅游推动者。博物馆不是税收的负担，也不是与其他城市项目分开的单独的问题。)”可知，本段中涉及博物馆对城市旅行业的推动；C项“Instead, they generate funding and fuel employment. (相反，它们创造了资金和就业。)”与上文为转折关系，下文“Statistics show that museums support more than 726, 000 jobs in America (统计数据显示，博物馆在美国提供了72.6万个工作岗位)”可知，此处具体解释博物馆创造工作机会的功能，呼应C项的fuel employment，上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Museums shape communities. They have activities and exhibitions through which visitors can learn about local history. Museums are places where a shared heritage is celebrated and a collective identity is formed. They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other. (博物馆塑造社区。他们有活动和展览，游客可以通过这些活动了解当地的历史。博物馆是庆祝共同遗产和形成集体身份的地方。它们提供了一个有趣的公共空间，人们可以在这里见面交谈。)”可知，本段涉及博物馆塑造社区的功能，博物馆作为一个公共空间，人们可以相互交流；E项“Even shopping at the gift shop there is an opportunity for connection. (即使是在礼品店购物，也有机会建立联系。)”可知，在博物馆的周边产业，如礼品店，在这里人们也有机会进行交流联系，上下文顺畅。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One summer night, my friends and I stole into the Jordans’ backyard and started harvesting their sweet, juicy raspberries (树莓). We were enjoying every bite of the tasty berries___21___Mr Jordan came charging outside all of a sudden.
“What are you boys doing out here?” he yelled as my friends ran off___22___all directions. He attempted to catch one or two as they rushed past him, but they were too___23___for the older gentleman to catch. Within seconds, the boys___24___into the dark of the summer night. All except me.
However, speed was never my___25___. I took the tongue-lashing(痛骂) that Mr Jordan gave me as he marched me down the block to my house, where my mother took over and scolded me___26___. My friends said they could hear every___27___word she spoke from the darkness of our backyard, where they had gathered to___28___their escape and to observe my capture.
They teased me about it for days afterwards, while all I could do was complain about how___29___it was that I was the only one who had to pay the price. After about a week of this, I complained to my father about the inequality of the situation. Dad said, “You took raspberries without____30____, and you get exactly the punishment you deserved.”
“But what about the other guys?” I asked. “They didn’t get punished at all!”
“That’s not my concern nor should it be yours,” Dad said. “You can’t____31____what happens to others. You can only____32____what happens to you. You made a bad choice that night, and you were punished for it.”
____33____the duration of the following years, I come to realize there is no guarantee that life will treat us fairly. That’s why we can’t____34____comparing our lives with the lives of others. Like Dad said, that isn’t our____35____.
21. A. before B. while C. when D. after
22. A. towards B. in C. at D. from
23. A. smart B. foxy C. swift D. intelligent
24. A. hid B. marched C. hurried D. disappeared
25. A. strength B. power C. intention D. option
26. A. cruelly B. bitterly C. mercilessly D. pitifully
27. A. colorful B. offensive C. violent D. creative
28. A. negotiate B. celebrate C. plot D. congratulate
29. A. unhappy B. frustrating C. disappointing D. unfair
30. A. thinking B. warning C. asking D. informing
31. A. control B. predict C. accept D. explain
32. A. put up with B. get away with C. agree with D. deal with
33. A. In B. For C. Through D. Since
34. A. get stuck in B. get engaged in C. be involved in D. be buried in
35. A. problem B. complaint C. concern D. choice
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文叙述了作者和伙伴们偷树莓，但是唯独作者被抓到，并受到了惩罚由此引起作者对生活的感悟。
【21题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：。我们正津津有味地吃着美味的浆果，突然乔丹先生冲了出来。A. before在……之前；B. while当……时候 ，正在那时；C. when当……时候；D. after在……之后。be doing sth when……“正在做某事正在那时”为固定句型。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：“你们在外面干什么?”我的朋友们朝四面八方跑去时，他喊道。A. towards向；B. in在……里；C. at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；D. from来自。根据下文“He attempted to catch one or two”可知，作者的朋友们朝四面八方跑去。in all directions“四面八方”。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当它们从他身边冲过时，他试图抓住其中一两个，但他们跑得太快了，老先生没能抓住。A. smart聪明的；B. foxy狡猾的；C. swift敏捷的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据下文“Within seconds, the boys ___4___ into the dark of the summer night.”可知，他们跑得太快了。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几秒钟后，男孩们消失在夏夜的黑暗中。A. hid隐藏；B. marched前进；C. hurried匆匆；D. disappeared消失。根据上文“but they were too ___3___ for the older gentleman to catch.”可知，男孩们消失在夏夜的黑暗中。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，速度从来都不是我的强项。A. strength力气，优势；B. power力量；C. intention 意图；D. option选择。根据上文“All except me”可知，速度从来都不是作者的强项。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我挨了乔丹先生的一顿臭骂，他带着我穿过街区回到了我的家，母亲接过了我的手，愤怒地骂了我一顿。A. cruelly残忍地；B. bitterly愤怒地，痛苦地；C. mercilessly残忍地；D. pitifully可怜地。根据上文“I took the tongue-lashing(痛骂)”可知，作者挨了乔丹先生的一顿臭骂，妈妈也愤怒地骂了作者。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们说，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到她说的每一个精彩的词，他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱，并观看我被捕。A. colorful丰富多彩的；B. offensive无礼的；C. violent暴力的；D. creative有创造力的。根据上文“where my mother took over and scolded me ___6___”可知，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到妈妈说的每一个精彩的词，colorful丰富多彩的，这是朋友们的一种戏谑的说法。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们说，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到她说的每一个精彩的词，他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱，并观看我被捕。A. negotiate协商；B. celebrate庆祝；C. plot密谋；D. congratulate祝贺。根据上文可知，所有的朋友头逃跑了，所以他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来他们拿这件事取笑了我好几天，而我能做的就是抱怨这是多么不公平，我是唯一一个要为此付出代价的人。A. unhappy不快乐的；B. frustrating令人沮丧的； C. disappointing令人失望的；D. unfair不公平的。根据下文“I was the only one who had to pay the price.”可知，我能做的就是抱怨这是多么不公平。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸说:“你没问就拿了树莓，你得到了你应得的惩罚。”A. thinking思考；B. warning警告；C. asking问； D. informing告知。根据上文“my friends and I stole into the Jordans’ backyard”可知，作者是偷了树莓，所以没问就拿了树莓。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你无法控制发生在别人身上的事。A. control控制；B. predict预测；C. accept 接受；D. explain解释。根据常识以及只有作者被惩罚而其他人逃脱了可知，你无法控制发生在别人身上的事。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你只能处理发生在你身上的事情。A. put up with忍受；B. get away with侥幸成功；C. agree with同意；D. deal with处理。根据上文“you get exactly the punishment you deserved.”可知，你只能处理发生在你身上的事情。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几年里，我逐渐意识到生活不一定会公平对待我们。A. In在……里；B. For因为，（表示时间）持续；C. Through通过； D. Since自从。根据“the duration of the following years”可知，for+一段时间。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我们不能执着于把自己的生活和别人的生活进行比较。A. get stuck in下定决心做；B. get engaged in参与；C. be involved in参与；D. be buried in专心于。根据上文“After about a week of this, I complained to my father about the inequality of the situation. Dad said, “You took raspberries without ___10___ , and you get exactly the punishment you deserved.”“But what about the other guys?” I asked. “They didn’t get punished at all!”以及作者的感悟可知，这就是为什么我们不能执着于把自己的生活和别人的生活进行比较故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像爸爸说的，那不是我们关心的事。A. problem问题；B. complaint抱怨；C. concern关心；D. choice选择。根据上文“That’s not my concern nor should it be yours”可知，就像爸爸说的，那不是我们关心的事。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A comforting cup of tea is an essential part of the day for hundreds of millions of people around the globe. Worldwide, three cups of tea ____36____ (consume) for every cup of coffee. To fully appreciate the ancient roots of the ____37____ (herb) drink, a visit to the China National Tea Museum might be _______38_______ order. The institution has a long history.
____39____ (locate) in Hangzhou, the museum occupies a parklike setting. Inside, various halls demonstrate the story of tea, its ceremonies (仪式) and its tools. Records of tea drinking date as far back as the tenth century B.C. in China.____40____ (original) the leaves were baked into a brick, a part of ____41____ could be broken off and made into a powder (粉状物). Tea spread into northern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Song Dynasty it ____42____ (acquire) a loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption ____43____ art form.
The art of tea extended to its fancy ____44____ (contain), which are on display at the museum. Gracefully rounded kettles date back 5,000 years; tea bowls from the Tang Dynasty have a beautiful simplicity. Today visitors can observe a tea ceremony that might be enough ____45____ (change) even the most passionate coffee drinker.
【答案】36. are consumed
37. herbal 38. in
39. Located
40. Originally
41. which 42. had acquired
43. an 44. containers
45. to change
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是中国茶叶博物馆和茶的历史。
【36题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：在世界范围内，每喝一杯咖啡就要喝三杯茶。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，茶叶是被消耗，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主语three cups of tea是复数，因此空格处是are consumed。故填are consumed。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：要想充分领略这种草药饮料的古老根源，不妨去参观中国茶叶博物馆。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词drink，herb的形容词是herbal，意为“草药的”，故填herbal。
38题详解】
考查介词。句意：要想充分领略这种草药饮料的古老根源，不妨去参观中国茶叶博物馆。in order是固定短语，意为“合适，恰当”，此处表示“要想充分领略这种草药饮料的古老根源，去参观中国茶叶博物馆是合适的”，因此空格处是介词in，故填in。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：博物馆位于杭州，坐落在公园般的环境中。句中谓语是occupies，空格处用非谓语动词，the museum和locate之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Located。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：最初，树叶被烘烤成砖，其中一部分可以折断，制成粉末。空格处用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，original的副词是originally，意为“最初”，句首单词首字母大写，故填Originally。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最初，树叶被烘烤成砖，其中一部分可以折断，制成粉末。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词brick是物，因此空格处用which，故填which。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：到了宋代，它已经有了活页制作和仪式，使它的消费成为一种艺术形式。“by+时间”是完成时的标志，由by the Song Dynasty可知，句子时态是过去完成时，因此空格处是had acquired。故填had acquired。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：到了宋代，它已经有了活页制作和仪式，使它的消费成为一种艺术形式。form是可数名词，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，art是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：茶的艺术延伸到其别致的容器，这些容器在博物馆展出。fancy是形容词，修饰名词，contain的名词是container，意为“容器”，由are可知，空格处用复数，故填containers。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：今天，游客们可以观赏到一种茶道，它可能足以改变即使是最热情的咖啡饮用者。be enough to do是固定短语，意为“足以做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to change。故填to change。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是某国际学校学生李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Kelly对你提到的学校“多元文化日”(Multicultural Day)活动很感兴趣。请回信告知他关于该活动的相关信息。内容包括：
1.活动时间;
2.活动目的和内容。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Kelly,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Kelly,
Knowing that you are interested in Multicultural Day of our school, I am writing to introduce it to you. It is designed to increase the students’ understanding of different cultures all over the world. We celebrate it on July 1st every year, when we organize a variety of activities such as dance performances, exhibitions and fashion shows and so on. It is through these activities that we can have a deeper understanding of different cultures around the world. For example, during the dance performance, we can enjoy dances performed by students from different countries.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给爱尔兰笔友Kelly写回信，介绍学校的“多元文化日”活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……有兴趣：be interested in→have interest in
是为了：be designed to do→be intended to do
组织：organize→arrange
各种各样的：a variety of→various
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knowing that you are interested in Multicultural Day of our school, I am writing to introduce it to you.
拓展句：Because I know that you are interested in Multicultural Day of our school, I am writing to introduce it to you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We celebrate it on July 1st every year, when we organize a variety of activities such as dance performances, exhibitions and fashion shows and so on.（运用了when引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】It is through these activities that we can have a deeper understanding of different cultures around the world.（运用了强调句型It is+被强调部分+that+句子其它部分）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I found the kitten sitting on the front step of our house. He was black and white and looked quite weak. Where did he come from? I noticed he had no collar around his neck. Who would be so irresponsible?
I went inside and opened a can of fish. After I placed the can in the doorway, the kitten hungrily lapped it up and then walked right inside the house. Later, after jumping onto a bunch of pillows on the couch, he began to groom his hair.
I bet his last owners didn’t love him at all! I thought. If someone can’t take care of their kitten they deserve to lose him! Our family never owned pets, but I had always wanted one. It’s a good thing I found that kitten and took him in. Thank goodness he found me!
The kitten kept meowing quite a lot. And then, it started trying to bite my hand.
“Hey, kitten! I’m not food!” I said. But the kitten tried again to bite my finger. I knew I had to get him some proper cat food. “You stay put, kitten!” I told him. “I’m going to get you food!” Then I grabbed my keys and headed out to the pet store nearest to our house.
On my way to the store, I spotted a sign on the telephone pole:
LOST KITTEN-Black and White, very friendly. If you find him, please call us.
“If you were so worried about your kitten,” I thought, “maybe you should have taken better care of him!”
When I walked into the pet store, I found that the place was packed with kids handing out flyers about the same cat to customers inside. In the back of the store, I saw a boy under 10 years old, crying in his wheelchair. “I can’t believe I lost my kitten!” he said to his parents.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
I looked at the flyers on the wall carefully this time — it was definitely the cat I had back at home!
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The little boy began to cry with laughter.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
I looked at the flyers on the wall carefully this time — it was definitely the cat I had back at home! Then the truth of the situation hit me — I had stolen a little boy’s cat! I tried to justify why I should keep the kitten by convincing myself the owners deserved to lose him. Now I saw that it was all a big mistake. I approached the little boy in the wheelchair. He blew his nose and looked up at me. “I have your kitten,” I told him. “I’m sorry. I just found him and fed him. He’s at my house.”
The little boy began to cry with laughter. He held his arms out and gave me a big hug. “Thank you so much! I was just about to put a new collar on him when he ran out the door. I couldn’t chase him because of my legs ...” I then ran home to get the kitten and reunited the owner and his pet finally. I once thought for sure the kitten’s owners deserved to lose him; yet in the end, I was the one who didn’t deserve to keep the kitten.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者捡到了一只猫，本来想自己收养，结果在去宠物店的路上发现了寻猫启事。作者在宠物店发现了猫的主人是一个坐轮椅的男孩，经过一番内心挣扎，作者最后还是把猫还给了男孩。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这次我仔细看了墙上传单——它绝对是我在家里养的那只猫！”可知，第一段可描写作者纠结要不要把猫还给男孩以及决定把猫还给男孩。
②由第二段首句内容“小男孩笑得哭了起来”可知，第二段可描写男孩解释为什么弄丢了猫，以及猫和男孩最终团聚。
2.续写线索：说服自己——靠近男孩——说明猫在自己家——男孩感谢——男孩和猫团聚——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
解释：justify /explain
说服：convince/persuade
拥抱：give sb. a hug/embrace
情绪类
仔细地：carefully / thoroughly
感谢：thank you/show gratitude to
【点睛】[高分句型1] I tried to justify why I should keep the kitten by convincing myself the owners deserved to lose him. (运用了why引导宾语从句)
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