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江西省上饶市民校考试联盟2022-2023学年高二英语下学期阶段测试(四)试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份江西省上饶市民校考试联盟2022-2023学年高二英语下学期阶段测试(四)试卷（Word版附解析），共26页。试卷主要包含了答题时请按要求用笔， C 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
上饶市民校考试联盟
2022-2023学年下学期阶段测试(四)
高二英语试卷
考试时间120分钟 试卷满分150分
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2.答题时请按要求用笔。
3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman suggest doing?
A. Going straight. B. Turning around. C. Driving under the bridge.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: We’re never going to make it to the theater on time. We won’t get through this light for another five minutes.
W: It’s too late to turn around. We can turn right and drive under the bridge instead.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What might the man be?
A A singer. B. A TV actor. C. A movie star.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: You look very familiar. I think I know you. You are in a TV series or a movie, aren’t you?
M: Ha-ha, I wish I was. I think you probably saw me singing at the local festival.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What type of record is Amy referring to?
A. A sports record. B. A game record. C. An educational record.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I almost beat Julie last time! I’ve got to work harder! I just have to set a new record!
M: It’s good to be competitive, Amy. But you should probably pay more attention in class than to that game on your phone.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient. B. Boss and secretary. C. Teacher and parent.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Fiona? Can you do me a favor and reschedule the 11 o’clock meeting for tomorrow at the same time?
W: I’m sorry, Mr. Miller. That time is booked, remember? You have a meeting with the headmaster of your son’s school.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a newspaper office. B. At a movie theater. C. At a television station.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Dave, I need someone to write a story for the front page. I also need someone to do a movie review for the entertainment section by noon.
M: But I’m just a sports writer.
W: I don’t care what you write. Just get it done on time!
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6 What will the woman study at university?
A. Chemistry. B. Ecology. C. Biology.
7. Why did the man choose his major?
A. He likes finding out new things.
B. He wants to teach about environment.
C. He enjoys being in a classroom.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you decided what you will study at university?
W: Yes! At first, I couldn’t choose between biology and ecology. I wanted to teach people about the environment, either as a biology professor or as an academic researcher. But I realized I’d rather be in a classroom teaching students. So, what about you?
M: I chose chemistry because I definitely want to be a chemist. I’ve always loved science, and I’ll enjoy being in a laboratory. It’ll be an interesting career. I hope to discover some new things about the world!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What color shoes does the man want?
A. The black and red ones.
B. The yellow and black ones.
C. The blue and white ones.
9. When will the man probably get the shoes?
A. This Friday. B. Today. C. Next Monday.
【答案】8. B 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me. Do you have the new Air Jordan’s in?
W: Yes, we just got them in this morning, but we haven’t had time to display them.
M: What colors do they come in?
W: We only carry the black and red ones and the blue and white ones. What are you looking for?
M: I want the ones he’s wearing in that poster. Our basketball team’s name is The Bees, so I want the yellow and black ones to match our uniform. There will be a competition next Monday. It’s only five days away.
W: That’s a cool name for a team. Unfortunately, we can’t get them until this Friday. And they are definitely going to be more expensive.
M: I don’t care, as long as I get them.
W: Well, I’ll see what I can do. You might get lucky.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. How does the woman sound at first?
A. Excited. B. Confused. C. Bored.
11. What is the man’s role?
A. A team leader. B. A company owner. C. A department manager.
12. What do the speakers finally agree on?
A. Competing for a role. B. Keeping the team together. C. Building a new team.
【答案】10. B 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going to hold a meeting during lunch today. It’ll be at noon in Room 33. You don’t have to attend, but it will be better if you do. Andy and Carey will also be there.
W: What’s it about, Sam? Why are you talking like it’s a secret?
M: Don’t tell anyone, but…I heard that some changes are coming to our department.
W: Like what?
M: Well, we’re getting a new manager, for one thing.
W: Oh. Is that why you want to meet with our team?
M: Yes. I have some ideas about how we can impress the new boss. Maybe we can get ourselves noticed. At the very least, I’d like to keep the same team. I’ve been your project leader for three years, and we’ve done some good work during that time.
W: You’re right. I’ll be at the meeting. People are so competitive in this company. We need to stick together.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Who might the woman be?
A. A doctor. B. A reporter. C. A staff member of a college.
14. What happened to the man four years ago?
A. He was a student at Sinai Medical College.
B. He showed interest in working at Sinai Medical College.
C. He became the director at Columbia University.
15. Where will the man give a speech?
A. In a hospital. B. In a television studio. C. In a lecture hall.
16. What topic will the man’s speech be about?
A. Eastern and Western medicine.
B. Medical careers.
C. Cancer research.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Good afternoon, Dr. Oz! Thank you for coming all the way here. I imagine you have a very busy schedule, between your television show and the classes you teach. Please sit down!
M: Thank you very much.
W: I won’t take much of your time, but I wanted to ask you a favor.
M: What is it?
W: Would you be willing to give a lecture to some of our students here at Sinai Medical College? I remember you were interested in teaching classes here four years ago
M: Sure, I’d be glad to.
W: Really? Great! I’ll reserve the biggest lecture hall that we haveIt’s much bigger than this one. Does the 5th of February work for you?
M: Yes, that’s fine.
W: Good. I know you’re the director of cancer research at Columbia University, but I was thinking about another subject for the talk.
M: Well, what did you have in mind?
W: We’re starting to offer classes on uncommon medical practice. I know this is also an interest of yours. Would you be willing to give a lecture on different approaches of Western and Eastern medicine?
M: That sounds great!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How many apartment buildings will have businesses at the bottom?
A. Seven. B. Five. C. Three.
18. Why is the blue line closed?
A. It’s in danger from the coming storm.
B. It’s getting repaired.
C. It’s flooded.
19. What is unusual about the result of the vote?
A. The top player won.
B. Three different players won first place.
C. One player won the top three.
20. When will the temperature drop?
A. On Friday. B. On Sunday. C. On Saturday.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】Good afternoon, this is Alice Picard with the hourly news update. City officials have approved the construction of fifteen new apartment buildings for this year. Five of them will be for low-income families. Three of them will be high-class apartments, and the rest will be smaller apartment buildings that have businesses at the bottom. In other news, the blue subway line is closed today. Too much water from last night’s heavy rains got in, and right now the tracks are underwater. Please check the maps at the stations or on the Internet for other routes. In the sports world, millions of soccer fans have finally picked a clear winner for Best Goal of the Year. What is surprising about the outcome isn’t that Messi is the winner — it’s that he won the top three! Finally, we have the weather report. It will continue to be warm in the 70s until the weekend. Friday and Saturday will heat up to the 90s, followed by a much cooler Sunday with a high of 65. I’m Alice Picard, and thanks for listening. Make sure to watch again in this evening at 8:00 for the full news report.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Switzerland, as the first place in Europe to develop winter tourism, has a long skiing tradition. A long ski season, terrific snow conditions, and large, well-developed resort areas make Switzerland a perfect destination for skiers from around the world.
Where to Ski as a Beginner
Saas-Fee: You can find plenty of English-speaking ski schools in Saas-Fee and lots of bunny slopes (初学者滑雪道) on which to master your turns. The beginner ski area is separate, so you can practice without getting in the way of other skiers.
Grindelwald: Grindelwald is a great choice for families, with plenty of ski schools and several bunny slopes, such as the Bodmi practice area, which is fit for children. Once you’re ready to head up the mountain, about 30 percent of Grindelwald’s runs are rated blue, meaning they’re on the easier side.
Summer Skiing
Incredible as it may seem, it’s actually possible to ski in Switzerland during the summer months thanks to the presence of several glaciers where it’s winter year-round. Zermatt is home to the Theodul glacier (冰川). With 13 miles (21 kilometers) of runs, it’s the largest summer ski area in Europe and attracts professional skiers looking to train year-round. The glacier slopes here are beautifully scenic and offer skiers up-close views of the Matterhorn.
Budget Travel Tips
Avoid peak season: Visit during the start or end of the ski season.
Self-cater: If you rent a small apartment or home with kitchen facilities, you can prepare some of your own meals to save dining expenses.
Enjoy the snow without skiing every day: Ice skating, tobogganing (乘坐平底雪橇), winter hiking, or just having a snowball fight are all more affordable ways to enjoy the Swiss winter landscape.
21. What makes Switzerland a perfect destination for skiers?
A. Being the first winter tourist destination. B. Having the longest skiing tradition.
C. The support of skiers from the world. D. Superb natural conditions and accommodations.
22. Which group will be interested in Grindelwald?
A. Professional athletes. B. Summer skiers.
C. Family tourists. D. Budget travelers.
23. Where will skiers go for summer skiing?
A. Saas-Fee. B. Bodmi. C. Zermatt. D. Matterhorn.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了瑞士作为滑雪胜地的优势、初学者和夏季滑雪推荐地。使读者了解瑞士滑雪旅行的相关知识，感受当地滑雪设施的人性化设计，感悟大自然对人类的馈赠。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A long ski season, terrific snow conditions, and large, well-developed resort areas make Switzerland a perfect destination for skiers from around the world.(漫长的滑雪季节，极好的雪景，以及大片发达的度假区，使瑞士成为世界各地滑雪者的理想目的地)”可知，一流的自然气候条件和设施良好的度假区食宿条件使得瑞士成为滑雪爱好者的理想目的地。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Grindelwald部分“Grindelwald is a great choice for families, with plenty of ski schools and several bunny slopes, such as the Bodmi practice area, which is fit for children.(Grindelwald是家庭滑雪的好选择，这里有很多滑雪学校和几个小斜坡，比如博德米练习弧，很适合孩子们)”可知，Grindelwald是全家出动滑雪的好选择，这里有很多滑雪学校和初学者滑雪道，以及适合儿童的Bodmi练习区。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Summer Skiing部分“Incredible as it may seem, it’s actually possible to ski in Switzerland during the summer months thanks to the presence of several glaciers where it’s winter year-round. Zermatt is home to the Theodul glacier (冰川). With 13 miles (21 kilometers) of runs, it’s the largest summer ski area in Europe and attracts professional skiers looking to train year-round.(尽管这看起来不可思议，但由于瑞士有几座冰川，那里全年都是冬天，所以在夏季的几个月里实际上是可以滑雪的。Zermatt是Theodul冰川的所在地。它有13英里(21公里)的雪道，是欧洲最大的夏季滑雪场，吸引了想要全年训练的专业滑雪者)”可知，Zermatt是Theodul冰川的所在地，是欧洲最大的夏季滑雪场，是夏季滑雪的好去处。故选C项。
B
Growing up in Havana, Cuba, Mario Garcia was a well-known child actor. He was about 10 years old the first time he ever stepped on the set. It began with a chance encounter. Mario had been sitting on a bench outside a studio in Havana, waiting while his father and his band were performing.
Suddenly, someone approached him and said, “ We are trying to test for this commercial. ” So he got up and had an audition (试境). Even with no acting experience, it quickly felt like a natural career path. From the commercial, he went on to be on TV series and a movie and all that.
But a revolution came and in its wake, his career was broken off. Mario was 15 when he had to fly to America as a refugee (难民). He landed in Miami, where he went to live with his aunt and uncle while his parents stayed in Cuba. They joined him in Miami about a year later.
Mario clearly recalled the day he left: Feb. 28, 1962. He was in high school that first year in Florida. It was a challenge living in a foreign country with no language, no parents and going to school. He had to go from being an actor to being a waiter. He always went to an alley behind the restaurant and sat on a wooden box and dried the tears with his apron. But Mario’s optimism never failed him. He went on to earn his Ph. D. in Spanish language and literature from the University of Miami.
He currently teaches journalism at Columbia University. Still, he said, “ I’ m not giving up on getting a good part in a movie. ” Mario’s latest acting job was as an extra in the new musical drama film In the Heights. He continues to audition for new roles.
24. What do we know about Mario’s early acting career?
A. It had something to do with good luck. B. It arose from his passion for acting.
C. It didn’t arouse his interest in art at all. D. It was driven by his urge to achieve fame.
25. What happened to Mario on February 28, 1962?
A. He involved himself in a revolution. B. He failed to join his family in Miami.
C. He gave up his acting career completely. D. He had to start a new life in America.
26. What can be learned about Mario’s first year in Florida?
A. It was full of stories but interesting. B. It was painful but ended in success.
C. It was hard and challenging for Mario. D. It was a blow to Mario and his family.
27. What message does Mario’s story mainly convey?
A. Ups and downs make one strong. B. An optimistic man can stick it out.
C. Fame is a great thirst of the young. D. Experience helps to promote excellence.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位明星马里奥·加西亚，偶然获得一次试镜机会开启演艺生涯的故事，在这个过程中他经历了很多艰难困苦，但乐观的马里奥没有被打败并获得了成功。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“He was about 10 years old the first time he ever stepped on the set. It began with a chance encounter.(他第一次踏上片场大约是在10岁的时候。一切始于一次偶然的相遇。)”和第二段“Suddenly, someone approached him and said, “ We are trying to test for this commercial. ” So he got up and had an audition (试境). Even with no acting experience, it quickly felt like a natural career path. From the commercial, he went on to be on TV series and a movie and all that.(突然，有人走近他说：“我们正在试拍这个广告。”于是他起身去试镜。即使没有任何表演经验，我也很快觉得这是一条很自然的职业道路。从广告开始，他又出演了电视剧和电影等等。)”可知，马里奥在毫无经验时，偶然获得了一个试镜机会，开启了他的职业生涯，由此可知，马里奥早期的演艺生涯是有点好运的。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Mario clearly recalled the day he left: Feb. 28, 1962. He was in high school that first year in Florida. It was a challenge living in a foreign country with no language, no parents and going to school.(马里奥清楚地记得他离开的那一天：1962年2月28日。他在佛罗里达读高中的第一年。生活在异国他乡，没有语言，没有父母，还要上学，这是一个挑战。)”可知，马里奥在1962年2月28日这一天要开始独立在美国开始新生活，故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“He was in high school that first year in Florida. It was a challenge living in a foreign country with no language, no parents and going to school. He had to go from being an actor to being a waiter. He always went to an alley behind the restaurant and sat on a wooden box and dried the tears with his apron. (他在佛罗里达读高中的第一年。生活在异国他乡，没有语言，没有父母，还要上学，这是一个挑战。他不得不从一个演员变成一个服务员。他总是走到餐馆后面的一条巷子里，坐在一个木箱子上，用围裙擦干眼泪。)”可知，在美国第一年的生活对马里奥来说非常困难且具有挑战性。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But Mario’s optimism never failed him. He went on to earn his Ph. D. in Spanish language and literature from the University of Miami.(但马里奥的乐观从未将他打败。后来，他在迈阿密大学获得了西班牙语和文学博士学位。)”可知，乐观的马里奥在非常困难且具有挑战性的情况下可以坚持并取得成功，由此可知，马里奥的故事主要传达了一个道理：乐观的人能坚持到底。故选B。
C
For years doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive. These transfusions usually include giving red blood cells to patients.
Blood transfusions aren’t as simple as taking blood from one person and giving it to someone else. There’re several different blood types that don’t all mix well. If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood, their body will reject the blood cells, causing problems. For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells (干细胞) from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.
This could be even better than a regular blood transfusion. For one thing, they can be adjusted for people with different blood types. That’ll be extremely helpful for people with rare blood types. Also, a normal transfusion has red blood cells of all different ages, which means only a small part of them are brand new. The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new, and this means they last longer and that patients will need fewer transfusions.
To test its safety, researchers have given a couple of teaspoons of the blood to two healthy people, both of whom seem to be doing just fine after the transfusions. In all, they’ll be tested on 10 people, and compared to normal transfusions. The new process doesn’t indicate that normal blood transfusions will disappear. Meanwhile, growing red blood cells in a lab is extremely expensive. And a lot of work and testing still need to be done. But if it’s successful, the process could make life much easier for patients who often need transfusions—even those with rare blood types.
28. Why are the scientists carrying out the research?
A. The blood reserve is not adequate.
B. Normal blood transfusions are out of date.
C. More and more people need blood transfusions.
D. They want to find a new trail of blood transfusions.
29. What’s the advantages of the brand new red blood cells grown in the lab?
A. They suit the patients of all different ages.
B. They have red blood cells from different races.
C. They are effective to the patients for a longer term.
D. It is extremely economical and makes life much easier.
30. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The research still has a long way to go.
B. Normal blood transfusions will disappear soon.
C. Ten people have received the lab-grown brand new blood.
D. The brand new blood isn’t fit for those with rare blood types.
31. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The test of lab-grown blood. B. Comparison of two blood transfusions.
C. An appeal for rare blood donation. D. The expense of blood transfusions.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是一种新的给患者输血的方式，即给患者提供红细胞，这种输血方式一旦成功，将会使得经常输血的患者，即使是那些具有稀有血型的患者的生活变的轻松。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Blood transfusions aren’t as simple as taking blood from one person and giving it to someone else. There’re several different blood types that don’t all mix well. If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood, their body will reject the blood cells, causing problems. For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells (干细胞) from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.(输血并不像从一个人身上取血给另一个人那么简单。有几种不同的血型并不能很好地混合在一起。如果有人输错了血，他们的身体就会排斥血细胞，造成问题。英国布里斯托尔大学的科学家们首次进行了一项新的试验:测试在实验室里培养的人类志愿者的红细胞。科学家们利用血液样本中的干细胞培育出数十亿个全新的红细胞)”可知，输血并不像想象的那么简单，且不同血型不能很好的混合，输错了血可能造成问题。由此推知，科学家进行实验的目的是找到一种新的输血方式——红细胞输血，以避免这些问题。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new, and this means they last longer and that patients will need fewer transfusions.(在实验室中生长的红细胞是全新的，这意味着它们的持续时间更长，患者需要的输血更少)”可知，在实验室中的红细胞的优势是它们是全新的，因此对患者有效的时间更长。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“And a lot of work and testing still need to be done. (还有很多工作和测试需要完成)”可知，该研究还有很长的路要走。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“For years, doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive. These transfusions usually include giving red blood cells to patients.(多年来，医生一直为需要血液生存的患者提供血液。这些输血通常包括给患者提供红细胞)”以及第二段中的“For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells(干细胞) from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells. (英国布里斯托大学的科学家有史以来第一次在人类志愿者身上测试实验室中生长的红细胞。科学家们使用来自血液样本的干细胞来培养数十亿个全新的红细胞)”可知，本文主要讲述的是科学家在实验室研发的一种红细胞输血方式。由此可知，The test of lab-grown blood.(实验室培育的血液测试)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。
D
Have you ever read back something you’ve written and felt like it’s not quite as strong as you’d like? One possible reason is that you overuse crutch words (拐杖词). So, what are crutch words?
Crutch words are words a speaker or a writer uses without knowing it. They are usually not needed and don’t add to the story. If someone is speaking, you’ll recognize a crutch word as a pause, or if the speaker uses “um” or “ah” a lot. Crutch words in the conversation also include favorite words and phrases, such as “you know”, “anyway”, “just”, “all right” and “like”. They only give the speaker time to think before they move on to the next idea.
For writers, crutch words operate in much the same way, but instead of a pause, they’re filler words we use because we haven’t thought the sentence through enough. They’re words that are easy. They flow naturally into the space that could easily be occupied by a slight rewriting of a sentence or a different word choice.
Now that you know what crutch words are, the question is how you can get rid of them. It’s not always easy to notice your own writing quirks (怪癖), so it might take a bit of hard work to find what yours are.
The next time you sit down to read over your writing, look carefully for repeated words or phrases. Mark them so they’re easy to find later. Look at both an old and a new piece of writing and compare the two. Are there phrases or words you use a lot that are common to both? If yes, then you’ve found your crutch words.
Once you’ve known your crutch words, they’re easy to cut out later. But don’t be afraid if you find them in your first draft. Eliminating those words is exactly what revision is for.
32. What might an article with too many crutch words be like?
A. Formal. B. Weak. C. Quality. D. Easy.
33. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. Crutch words are normally unnecessary.
B Crutch words are unavoidable.
C. Crutch words give writers time to think.
D. Crutch words give writers different word choices.
34. What does the author think about finding crutch words?
A. It’s strange. B. It’s interesting.
C. It’s questionable. D. It’s a bit difficult.
35. What does the underlined word “Eliminating” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Returning. B. Removing.
C. Recording. D. Remembering.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了什么是“拐杖词”，如何发现自己的“拐杖词”，以及如何克服它们。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Have you ever read back something you’ve written and felt like it’s not quite as strong as you’d like? One possible reason is that you overuse crutch words (拐杖词). (你是否曾经读过自己写过的东西，却觉得它没有你想要的那么强烈？一个可能的原因是你过度使用了一些拐杖词)”可知，一篇有很多拐杖词的文章会让人感觉没有那么强烈，缺少说服力。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Crutch words are words a speaker or a writer uses without knowing it. They are usually not needed and don’t add to the story. (拐杖词是说话者或作家在不自知的情况下使用的词。它们通常是不需要的，也不会增加故事的内容)”可知，拐杖词通常是不必要的。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“It’s not always easy to notice your own writing quirks(怪癖), so it might take a bit of hard work to find what yours are. (注意到你自己的写作怪癖并不总是那么容易，所以可能需要一点努力才能发现你的写作怪癖是什么)”可知，注意到自己的写作怪癖——用拐杖词——并不容易。故选D。
【35题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Once you’ve known your crutch words, they’re easy to cut out later. But don’t be afraid if you find them in your first draft. Eliminating those words is exactly what revision is for. (一旦你知道了自己的拐杖词，以后就很容易把它们删掉。但如果你在初稿中发现了它们，也不要害怕。eliminating这些词正是修订的目的)”可知，划线词同“cut off”为同义词，我们发现了拐杖词就要删除它们，删除它们正是修订写作内容的目的。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. ____36____
An Israeli company Tevel has developed these flying autonomous robots. The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with its arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. ____37____ In addition, they can collect more fruits than a picker during a given time.
____38____ The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break.
Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use. ____39____
The robots arc now picking pears in Israel. The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot’s function. ____40____ In the future, fewer people will work in picking and more people will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.
A. So only the ripe ones are collected.
B Now a new type of robot can come to their help.
C. Finding fruit pickers is farmers’ biggest concern.
D. They can receive timely information from the robots.
E. Another advantage of the robots is that they never feel tired.
F. Then the company will transport the robots to their orchards.
G. For example, they can be used to cut off branches and water fruits.
【答案】36. B 37. A 38. E 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍以色列的Tevel公司开发了可以帮助果农采摘水果的自动飞行机器人。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. (收获水果是一项要求很高的工作。如果没有采摘机，水果会烂在树上。但由于近年来采摘者供不应求，种植者需要迅速找到另一种收获水果的方法。)”和下文“An Israeli company Tevel has developed these flying autonomous robots. (以色列的一家公司Tevel开发了这些自动飞行机器人。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍一种可以帮助农民采摘水果的机器人。选项B“现在，一种新型机器人可以帮助他们。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。
【37题详解】
根据上文“The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with its arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. (机器人飞过一棵树，用手臂摘水果。他们安装了摄像头，使用AI来评估水果的大小和颜色。)”可知，这里说明机器人要采摘什么样的水果。选项A“所以只收集成熟的。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据下文“The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break. (飞行机器人连接到一个平台上，该平台充当电源，因此它们永远不会耗尽电力。他们将在任何天气下没日没夜地工作，不休息。)”可知，这一段讲述机器人不会感到累。选项E“机器人的另一个优点是它们从不感到疲劳。”和下文意思一致。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use. (几十个这样的智能机器人可以在水果准备收获的时候在整个果园中使用。农民们只需要告诉公司他们需要多少飞行机器人，他们将使用多长时间。)”可知，这一段讲述机器人采摘水果的步骤。选项F“然后公司将把机器人运送到他们的果园。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
【40题详解】
根据上文“The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot’s function. (该公司还计划为机器人的功能增加更多的任务。)”可知，接下来要介绍该公司为机器人增加的功能和任务。选项G“例如，它们可以用来切断树枝和浇水。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分))
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My niece Jessica was six. One day she came home from school ____41____. It had finally been her turn at her class’ weekly Show and Tell, but her teacher’s ____42____ to her presentation brought her to tears. “I talked about Uncle Steve,” Jessica said sadly. “When I showed his picture to the class, Mrs. Yates ____43____ it.”
Being only three years old, Steve was more like a ____44____ to Jessica than an uncle. Truly her best partner, Uncle Steve was a favorite topic of Jessica’s. It was no surprise that she’d make him the ____45____ of her Show and Tell. What was a little strange was why Mrs. Yates would find his picture ____46____ enough to upset Jessica.
Several days later, my sister ____47____ Mrs. Yates in the shopping centre. After ____48____ Jessica’s progress with Mrs. Yates, my sister mentioned her daughter’s presentation. ____49____, the teacher broke into laughter.
“Oh, Mrs. DeDeo,” she laughed. “I had no idea Jessica was so unhappy, _____50_____ I must explain my reaction. Every Monday when Jessica comes into school, she talks about her weekends spent with her grandmother and Uncle Steve. She tells other students how he sometimes _____51_____ her, takes her toys and steals her cookies. I was planning to call you to ask if you were _____52_____ of the situation. When she _____53_____ a picture of Uncle Steve with the class, I was _____54_____ to find a bully (霸凌者) of a man. What I saw was a _____55_____ three-year-old boy. I couldn’t help but laugh!”
41. A. excited B. nervous C. shocked D. upset
42. A. attention B. reaction C. response D. preference
43. A. laughed at B. complained about C. subscribed to D. disagreed on
44. A. stranger B. brother C. classmate D. student
45. A. director B. performer C. focus D. symbol
46. A. disappointing B. surprising C. annoying D. amusing
47. A. encountered B. called C. contacted D. persuaded
48. A. revealing B. observing C. predicting D. discussing
49. A. In return B. As usual C. Once again D. In fact
50. A. so B. but C. though D. and
51. A. protects B. blesses C. hits D. helps
52. A. proud B. sure C. afraid D. aware
53. A. shared B. enjoyed C. decorated D. switched
54. A. waiting B. expecting C. preparing D. pretending
55. A. brave B. patient C. sweet D. wise
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个美丽的误会，六岁的Jessica总是会说自己的叔叔会欺负她，不曾想原来她的叔叔只是个三岁的小男孩。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，她放学回家，很沮丧。A. excited兴奋的；B. nervous紧张的；C. shocked感到震惊的；D. upset沮丧的、心烦。根据下文““I talked about Uncle Steve,” Jessica said sadly.”以及最后一段“I had no idea Jessica was so unhappy”可知，Jessica很伤心，所以她回家的时候有点沮丧、不开心。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：终于轮到她参加班级每周一次的展示和讲述了，但老师对她演讲的反应让她哭了。A. attention注意力；B. reaction反应；C. response回复；D. preference偏爱。根据下文““When I showed his picture to the class, Mrs. Yates ____3____ it.””以及最后一段“I must explain my reaction.”可知，Mrs. Yates看到照片时的反应令Jessica不开心。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我把他的照片给全班同学看时，Mrs. Yates笑了。A. laughed at嘲笑；B. complained about抱怨；C. subscribed to同意、订阅；D. disagreed on对……有不同意见。根据下文“the teacher broke into laughter.”可知，Mrs. Yates看到照片时笑了起来。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对Jessica来说，只有三岁的Steve更像弟弟而不是叔叔。A. stranger陌生人；B. brother兄弟；C. classmate同学；D. student学生。根据文章首段“My niece Jessica was six.”以及空前的“Being only three years old,”可推断出，由于年龄问题，Steve更像Jessica的弟弟。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫不奇怪，她会让他成为她展示和讲述的焦点。A. director导演；B. performer表演者；C. focus焦点；D. symbol象征。根据上文的“Truly her best partner, Uncle Steve was a favorite topic of Jessica’s.”可知，Jessica很喜欢谈论Steve，所以，他会成为Jessica演讲的焦点。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有点奇怪的是，Mrs. Yates为什么会觉得他的照片很有趣，让Jessica很不高兴。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. annoying恼人的；D. amusing有趣的。根据上文““When I showed his picture to the class, Mrs. Yates ____3____ it.””以及下文“the teacher broke into laughter.”可知，Jessica认为Mrs. Yates觉得照片很有趣才笑了起来。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，我妹妹在购物中心遇到了Mrs. Yates。A. encountered遭遇、遇见；B. called呼叫；C. contacted联系；D. persuaded劝服。根据下文可知，两个人在购物中心聊起了天，说明两人在那儿相遇了。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在和Mrs. Yates讨论了Jessica的进展后，我姐姐提到了她女儿的演讲。A. revealing揭露；B. observing观察、遵守；C. predicting预测；D. discussing讨论。根据上文内容可知，Mrs. Yates是Jessica的老师，而作为Jessica的妈妈，自然是和老师讨论孩子的在校表现。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：老师又一次大笑起来。A. In return作为回报；B. As usual像往常一样；C. Once again再一次；D. In fact事实上。根据文章第一段““When I showed his picture to the class, Mrs. Yates ____3____ it.””可知，当Jessica给老师展示照片的时候，老师就笑了起来。因此，这一次Jessica的妈妈再次提到这件事，老师是又一次笑了起来。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我不知道Jessica这么不高兴，但我必须解释我的反应。A. so因此；B. but但是；C. though虽然；D. and和、也。上一句“I had no idea Jessica was so unhappy”和下一句“I must explain my reaction”之间存在转折关系。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉其他学生，他有时会打她，拿走她的玩具，偷她的饼干。A. protects保护；B. blesses祝福；C. hits打、袭击；D. helps帮助。根据下文“takes her toys and steals her cookies”以及“I was ____14____ to find a bully (霸凌者) of a man.”可知，老师以为Steve是个恶霸，所以Jessica描述的应该是Uncle Steve打她。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我正打算给你打电话问你知不知道情况。A. proud自豪的；B. sure确信的；C. afraid害怕的；D. aware知道的。根据上文“Every Monday when Jessica comes into school, she talks about her weekends spent with her grandmother and Uncle Steve. She tells other students how he sometimes ____11____ her, takes her toys and steals her cookies.”可知，在Jessica的描述中，Uncle Steve是个行径恶劣的恶霸，作为老师，应该是想确认家长是否知道情况。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她和同学们分享Steve叔叔的照片时，我还以为会看到一个恶霸。A. shared分享；B. enjoyed喜爱；C. decorated装饰；D. switched改变、交换。根据上文“When I showed his picture to the class, Mrs. Yates ____3____ it.”可知，Jessica向同学以及老师展示了照片，所以是分享和同学们分享照片。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她和同学们分享Steve叔叔的照片时，我还以为会看到一个恶霸。A. waiting等待；B. expecting期盼、预期；C. preparing准备；D. pretending假装。根据上文“She tells other students how he sometimes ____11____ her, takes her toys and steals her cookies.”可知，在Jessica的描述中，Uncle Steve是个行径恶劣的恶霸，所以老师以为会看到恶霸的照片。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看到的是一个可爱的三岁男孩。A. brave勇敢的；B. patient有耐心的；C. sweet甜美的、可爱的；D. wise明智的。根据空后的“three-year-old boy.”以及上文Jessica的描述可知，Steve是个可爱的小男孩。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Long ago in Ancient China, there was a mythical figure ___56___ (know) as Shennong. Not only did Shennong bring agriculture and the use of herbal medicine to China, but he also invented ___57___ (agriculture) tools and techniques, and the Chinese calendar with its 24 solar terms.
It is said that the home town of Shennong was a forest in Hubei Province, which today is called “Shennongjia”. This beautiful and diverse region covers ___58___ area of 3,253 square kilometers of north-west Hubei Province. It gives shelter to over 1000 species of medicinal plants, many of ___59___ are rare and unique to Shennongjia. Here mountain slopes ___60___ (cover) with trees and some of them grow up to 40 meters tall. In summer, pink and violet flowers lend splashes of color. These are some of ___61___ (it) most breathtaking landscapes. The magnificent Shennong Peak rises to 3,105 meters above sea level.
Banbiyan is famous for its stone forest, as well as its bamboo forests and grasslands that flood with ___62___ (flower). The stone forests of Fengjingya stand ___63___ a background of green mountains that reaches as far as the eye can see. When it rains, the tops of these mountains look like islands ___64___ (float) on a sea of clouds. Come to Shennongjia ___65___ (enjoy) its beauty and the legend.
【答案】56. known
57. agricultural
58. an 59. which
60. are covered
61. its 62. flowers
63. against
64. floating
65. to enjoy
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了神农架的美丽景色。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在很久以前的中国古代，有一个神话人物叫神农。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：be known as意为“被称为……”，所以此处应用过去分词known作后置定语，修饰名词figure。故填known。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：神农不仅把农业和草药的使用带到了中国，他还发明了农业工具和技术，以及有24节气的中国历法。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，agriculture的形容词形式是agricultural。故填agricultural。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这个美丽多样的地区位于湖北省西北部，面积为3253平方公里。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：an area of意为“一块……的面积”。故填an。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：这里有1000多种药用植物，其中许多是神农架特有的稀有植物。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是medicinal plants，指物，在从句中作宾语，应该用which引导。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：这里的山坡上覆盖着树木，有些树木可以长到40米高。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少and前面的句子的谓语动词，所以cover作本句谓语，主语是mountain slopes，两者间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数。故填are covered。
【61题详解】
考查代词。句意：这些都是最令人惊叹的风景。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词landscapes，所以空处应填形容词性物主代词作定语。故填its。
【62题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：板壁岩以石林、竹林和鲜花盛开的草地而闻名。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，所以空处应填名词，flower意为“花朵”为可数名词，根据前文的forests and grasslands可知用复数形式。故填flowers。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：风景垭的石林衬托着一望无际的青山。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：stand against a background of意为“站在……的背景下”。故填against。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：下雨的时候，这些山顶看起来就像漂浮在云海上的岛屿。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词look，前后无连词，所以float用非谓语动词形式，根据句意，空处修饰空前的islands，所以应该用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填floating。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：来神农架欣赏它的美丽和传说吧。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词come，所以enjoy用非谓语动词形式，根据句意，此处是表目的，所以此处应该用不定式形式。故填to enjoy。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：(满分15分)
66. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校将举行以可持续发展(sustainable development)为主题的英语演讲比赛，请给外教 Caroline写一封电子邮件，邀请她担任比赛的评委。
内容包括：1. 比赛的时间和地点; 2. 比赛的内容和目的。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Caroline,
I’m writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest which will be held in our school hall on November 15th. It is arranged to start at 2 p.m. It lasts for about three hours. Ten contestants will deliver their speeches about the given topic “sustainable development”. The aim is to spread the knowledge about sustainable development, raising our awareness of it and arousing our interest in English study at the same time. I hope you will accept the invitation if you are convenient. Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求学生以学生会主席李华的身份给外教Caroline写一封电子邮件，邀请她来担任演讲比赛的评委。
【详解】1.词汇积累
安排：arrange®schedule
发表演讲：deliver the speech® give the speech
期待：look forward to®expect
2.句型拓展
同义句转换
原句：It is arranged to start at 2 p.m. It lasts for about three hours.
拓展句：It is arranged to start at 2 p.m., lasting for about three hours.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest which will be held in our school hall on November 15th.(运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]The aim is to spread the knowledge about sustainable development, raising our awareness of it and arousing our interest in English study at the same time.(运用了不定式作表语结构和非谓语动词做状语)
第二节：(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The only life that Jeffrey had ever known was on the streets. Since his childhood, Jeffrey has been homeless. His mother, Rebecca, was abandoned by her husband, and they were forced to live in the streets without a way to cover living expenses and rent.
Soon afterward, his mom fell ill and passed away. As much as he tried, Jeffrey couldn’t find a permanent job. Jeffrey only had a few clothes, blankets, and shoes, which he would push around in a rusty trolley. With no family or friends, he relied on his local shelter and soup kitchen. He would often ask the workers at a local burger place for their leftovers to survive.
One day, as Jeffrey was looking through the trash can outside the burger shop, he noticed a black object near the surface. He picked it up and realized it was a wallet. When he looked inside, he could recognize the I.D. picture.
The wallet belonged to Alan, a small business owner who stayed a few blocks away. He remembered asking Alan for money a few weeks ago and saying no. Alan said that he was seriously ill and saved every penny for his treatment to get better.
Alan’s cards, driver’s license, and cash were still inside the wallet, meaning he’d lost it by mistake. There was also a check for $3000 inside the wallet. “This is life-changing money. I could get some fresh clothes, maybe rent a small apartment and finally get a job,” Jeffrey mumbled to himself.
Jeffrey knew he couldn’t live with the guilt of knowing a man would suffer if he took the money for himself. Even though he initially felt that the check may have been a gift from God, he quickly realized that it was more of a test.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jeffrey walked a few blocks to Alan’s office.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Alan promised to reward Jeffrey for his kindness once he recovered.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version.
Jeffrey walked a few blocks to Alan’s offices. Alan seemed surprised by the visit. “Hey, Alan. I’m not here to ask for any money. You dropped your wallet in the trashcan.” As Jeffrey presented the wallet to Alan, he grabbed it and began weeping. “You’re a lifesaver, Jeffrey. My operation was scheduled for tomorrow, and I thought I couldn’t pay for it.” Alan said as tears ran down his face. To Jeffrey’s surprise, Alan gave him a big hug. It was the first hug Jeffrey had received in years.
Alan promised to reward Jeffrey for his kindness once here covered. A few weeks later, Alan approached Jeffrey, saying that his operation had been a success and that he had fully recovered. He helped Jeffrey find work as a waiter at a nearby restaurant. Within a year, Jeffrey was able to save enough money to start renting a small apartment close to work and began studying toward his goal. They have remained close friends ever since. Later, with joint efforts, they formed an initiative to help provide food for homeless children in the area.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了杰弗里是一个流浪汉，意外捡到了艾伦的钱包。虽然母亲需要钱治病，但杰弗里还是选择把钱包还给了艾伦。最终艾伦帮助杰弗里找到了一份工作，杰弗里的生活也慢慢好起来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“杰弗里走了几个街区来到艾伦的办公室。”可知，第一段可描写杰弗里归还钱包的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“艾伦答应一旦找到杰弗瑞就会回报他。”可知，第二段可描写艾伦是如何帮助杰弗里的。
2.续写线索：找到艾伦——归还钱包——艾伦感动——艾伦给予拥抱——帮助杰弗里——杰弗里生活变好
3.词汇激活
行为类
请求：ask for/demand for
以为：think/consider
联系：approach/get in touch with
情绪类
惊讶：surprised /astonished
完全：fully /completely
【点睛】[高分句型1] A few weeks later, Alan approached Jeffrey, saying that his operation had been a success and that he had fully recovered. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] As Jeffrey presented the wallet to Alan, he grabbed it and began weeping. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
上饶市民校考试联盟
2022-2023学年下学期阶段测试(四)
高二英语试卷
考试时间120分钟 试卷满分150分
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2.答题时请按要求用笔。
3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman suggest doing?
A. Going straight. B. Turning around. C. Driving under the bridge.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: We’re never going to make it to the theater on time. We won’t get through this light for another five minutes.
W: It’s too late to turn around. We can turn right and drive under the bridge instead.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What might the man be?
A A singer. B. A TV actor. C. A movie star.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: You look very familiar. I think I know you. You are in a TV series or a movie, aren’t you?
M: Ha-ha, I wish I was. I think you probably saw me singing at the local festival.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What type of record is Amy referring to?
A. A sports record. B. A game record. C. An educational record.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I almost beat Julie last time! I’ve got to work harder! I just have to set a new record!
M: It’s good to be competitive, Amy. But you should probably pay more attention in class than to that game on your phone.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient. B. Boss and secretary. C. Teacher and parent.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Fiona? Can you do me a favor and reschedule the 11 o’clock meeting for tomorrow at the same time?
W: I’m sorry, Mr. Miller. That time is booked, remember? You have a meeting with the headmaster of your son’s school.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a newspaper office. B. At a movie theater. C. At a television station.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Dave, I need someone to write a story for the front page. I also need someone to do a movie review for the entertainment section by noon.
M: But I’m just a sports writer.
W: I don’t care what you write. Just get it done on time!
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6 What will the woman study at university?
A. Chemistry. B. Ecology. C. Biology.
7. Why did the man choose his major?
A. He likes finding out new things.
B. He wants to teach about environment.
C. He enjoys being in a classroom.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you decided what you will study at university?
W: Yes! At first, I couldn’t choose between biology and ecology. I wanted to teach people about the environment, either as a biology professor or as an academic researcher. But I realized I’d rather be in a classroom teaching students. So, what about you?
M: I chose chemistry because I definitely want to be a chemist. I’ve always loved science, and I’ll enjoy being in a laboratory. It’ll be an interesting career. I hope to discover some new things about the world!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What color shoes does the man want?
A. The black and red ones.
B. The yellow and black ones.
C. The blue and white ones.
9. When will the man probably get the shoes?
A. This Friday. B. Today. C. Next Monday.
【答案】8. B 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me. Do you have the new Air Jordan’s in?
W: Yes, we just got them in this morning, but we haven’t had time to display them.
M: What colors do they come in?
W: We only carry the black and red ones and the blue and white ones. What are you looking for?
M: I want the ones he’s wearing in that poster. Our basketball team’s name is The Bees, so I want the yellow and black ones to match our uniform. There will be a competition next Monday. It’s only five days away.
W: That’s a cool name for a team. Unfortunately, we can’t get them until this Friday. And they are definitely going to be more expensive.
M: I don’t care, as long as I get them.
W: Well, I’ll see what I can do. You might get lucky.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. How does the woman sound at first?
A. Excited. B. Confused. C. Bored.
11. What is the man’s role?
A. A team leader. B. A company owner. C. A department manager.
12. What do the speakers finally agree on?
A. Competing for a role. B. Keeping the team together. C. Building a new team.
【答案】10. B 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going to hold a meeting during lunch today. It’ll be at noon in Room 33. You don’t have to attend, but it will be better if you do. Andy and Carey will also be there.
W: What’s it about, Sam? Why are you talking like it’s a secret?
M: Don’t tell anyone, but…I heard that some changes are coming to our department.
W: Like what?
M: Well, we’re getting a new manager, for one thing.
W: Oh. Is that why you want to meet with our team?
M: Yes. I have some ideas about how we can impress the new boss. Maybe we can get ourselves noticed. At the very least, I’d like to keep the same team. I’ve been your project leader for three years, and we’ve done some good work during that time.
W: You’re right. I’ll be at the meeting. People are so competitive in this company. We need to stick together.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Who might the woman be?
A. A doctor. B. A reporter. C. A staff member of a college.
14. What happened to the man four years ago?
A. He was a student at Sinai Medical College.
B. He showed interest in working at Sinai Medical College.
C. He became the director at Columbia University.
15. Where will the man give a speech?
A. In a hospital. B. In a television studio. C. In a lecture hall.
16. What topic will the man’s speech be about?
A. Eastern and Western medicine.
B. Medical careers.
C. Cancer research.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Good afternoon, Dr. Oz! Thank you for coming all the way here. I imagine you have a very busy schedule, between your television show and the classes you teach. Please sit down!
M: Thank you very much.
W: I won’t take much of your time, but I wanted to ask you a favor.
M: What is it?
W: Would you be willing to give a lecture to some of our students here at Sinai Medical College? I remember you were interested in teaching classes here four years ago
M: Sure, I’d be glad to.
W: Really? Great! I’ll reserve the biggest lecture hall that we haveIt’s much bigger than this one. Does the 5th of February work for you?
M: Yes, that’s fine.
W: Good. I know you’re the director of cancer research at Columbia University, but I was thinking about another subject for the talk.
M: Well, what did you have in mind?
W: We’re starting to offer classes on uncommon medical practice. I know this is also an interest of yours. Would you be willing to give a lecture on different approaches of Western and Eastern medicine?
M: That sounds great!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How many apartment buildings will have businesses at the bottom?
A. Seven. B. Five. C. Three.
18. Why is the blue line closed?
A. It’s in danger from the coming storm.
B. It’s getting repaired.
C. It’s flooded.
19. What is unusual about the result of the vote?
A. The top player won.
B. Three different players won first place.
C. One player won the top three.
20. When will the temperature drop?
A. On Friday. B. On Sunday. C. On Saturday.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】Good afternoon, this is Alice Picard with the hourly news update. City officials have approved the construction of fifteen new apartment buildings for this year. Five of them will be for low-income families. Three of them will be high-class apartments, and the rest will be smaller apartment buildings that have businesses at the bottom. In other news, the blue subway line is closed today. Too much water from last night’s heavy rains got in, and right now the tracks are underwater. Please check the maps at the stations or on the Internet for other routes. In the sports world, millions of soccer fans have finally picked a clear winner for Best Goal of the Year. What is surprising about the outcome isn’t that Messi is the winner — it’s that he won the top three! Finally, we have the weather report. It will continue to be warm in the 70s until the weekend. Friday and Saturday will heat up to the 90s, followed by a much cooler Sunday with a high of 65. I’m Alice Picard, and thanks for listening. Make sure to watch again in this evening at 8:00 for the full news report.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Switzerland, as the first place in Europe to develop winter tourism, has a long skiing tradition. A long ski season, terrific snow conditions, and large, well-developed resort areas make Switzerland a perfect destination for skiers from around the world.
Where to Ski as a Beginner
Saas-Fee: You can find plenty of English-speaking ski schools in Saas-Fee and lots of bunny slopes (初学者滑雪道) on which to master your turns. The beginner ski area is separate, so you can practice without getting in the way of other skiers.
Grindelwald: Grindelwald is a great choice for families, with plenty of ski schools and several bunny slopes, such as the Bodmi practice area, which is fit for children. Once you’re ready to head up the mountain, about 30 percent of Grindelwald’s runs are rated blue, meaning they’re on the easier side.
Summer Skiing
Incredible as it may seem, it’s actually possible to ski in Switzerland during the summer months thanks to the presence of several glaciers where it’s winter year-round. Zermatt is home to the Theodul glacier (冰川). With 13 miles (21 kilometers) of runs, it’s the largest summer ski area in Europe and attracts professional skiers looking to train year-round. The glacier slopes here are beautifully scenic and offer skiers up-close views of the Matterhorn.
Budget Travel Tips
Avoid peak season: Visit during the start or end of the ski season.
Self-cater: If you rent a small apartment or home with kitchen facilities, you can prepare some of your own meals to save dining expenses.
Enjoy the snow without skiing every day: Ice skating, tobogganing (乘坐平底雪橇), winter hiking, or just having a snowball fight are all more affordable ways to enjoy the Swiss winter landscape.
21. What makes Switzerland a perfect destination for skiers?
A. Being the first winter tourist destination. B. Having the longest skiing tradition.
C. The support of skiers from the world. D. Superb natural conditions and accommodations.
22. Which group will be interested in Grindelwald?
A. Professional athletes. B. Summer skiers.
C. Family tourists. D. Budget travelers.
23. Where will skiers go for summer skiing?
A. Saas-Fee. B. Bodmi. C. Zermatt. D. Matterhorn.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了瑞士作为滑雪胜地的优势、初学者和夏季滑雪推荐地。使读者了解瑞士滑雪旅行的相关知识，感受当地滑雪设施的人性化设计，感悟大自然对人类的馈赠。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A long ski season, terrific snow conditions, and large, well-developed resort areas make Switzerland a perfect destination for skiers from around the world.(漫长的滑雪季节，极好的雪景，以及大片发达的度假区，使瑞士成为世界各地滑雪者的理想目的地)”可知，一流的自然气候条件和设施良好的度假区食宿条件使得瑞士成为滑雪爱好者的理想目的地。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Grindelwald部分“Grindelwald is a great choice for families, with plenty of ski schools and several bunny slopes, such as the Bodmi practice area, which is fit for children.(Grindelwald是家庭滑雪的好选择，这里有很多滑雪学校和几个小斜坡，比如博德米练习弧，很适合孩子们)”可知，Grindelwald是全家出动滑雪的好选择，这里有很多滑雪学校和初学者滑雪道，以及适合儿童的Bodmi练习区。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Summer Skiing部分“Incredible as it may seem, it’s actually possible to ski in Switzerland during the summer months thanks to the presence of several glaciers where it’s winter year-round. Zermatt is home to the Theodul glacier (冰川). With 13 miles (21 kilometers) of runs, it’s the largest summer ski area in Europe and attracts professional skiers looking to train year-round.(尽管这看起来不可思议，但由于瑞士有几座冰川，那里全年都是冬天，所以在夏季的几个月里实际上是可以滑雪的。Zermatt是Theodul冰川的所在地。它有13英里(21公里)的雪道，是欧洲最大的夏季滑雪场，吸引了想要全年训练的专业滑雪者)”可知，Zermatt是Theodul冰川的所在地，是欧洲最大的夏季滑雪场，是夏季滑雪的好去处。故选C项。
B
Growing up in Havana, Cuba, Mario Garcia was a well-known child actor. He was about 10 years old the first time he ever stepped on the set. It began with a chance encounter. Mario had been sitting on a bench outside a studio in Havana, waiting while his father and his band were performing.
Suddenly, someone approached him and said, “ We are trying to test for this commercial. ” So he got up and had an audition (试境). Even with no acting experience, it quickly felt like a natural career path. From the commercial, he went on to be on TV series and a movie and all that.
But a revolution came and in its wake, his career was broken off. Mario was 15 when he had to fly to America as a refugee (难民). He landed in Miami, where he went to live with his aunt and uncle while his parents stayed in Cuba. They joined him in Miami about a year later.
Mario clearly recalled the day he left: Feb. 28, 1962. He was in high school that first year in Florida. It was a challenge living in a foreign country with no language, no parents and going to school. He had to go from being an actor to being a waiter. He always went to an alley behind the restaurant and sat on a wooden box and dried the tears with his apron. But Mario’s optimism never failed him. He went on to earn his Ph. D. in Spanish language and literature from the University of Miami.
He currently teaches journalism at Columbia University. Still, he said, “ I’ m not giving up on getting a good part in a movie. ” Mario’s latest acting job was as an extra in the new musical drama film In the Heights. He continues to audition for new roles.
24. What do we know about Mario’s early acting career?
A. It had something to do with good luck. B. It arose from his passion for acting.
C. It didn’t arouse his interest in art at all. D. It was driven by his urge to achieve fame.
25. What happened to Mario on February 28, 1962?
A. He involved himself in a revolution. B. He failed to join his family in Miami.
C. He gave up his acting career completely. D. He had to start a new life in America.
26. What can be learned about Mario’s first year in Florida?
A. It was full of stories but interesting. B. It was painful but ended in success.
C. It was hard and challenging for Mario. D. It was a blow to Mario and his family.
27. What message does Mario’s story mainly convey?
A. Ups and downs make one strong. B. An optimistic man can stick it out.
C. Fame is a great thirst of the young. D. Experience helps to promote excellence.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位明星马里奥·加西亚，偶然获得一次试镜机会开启演艺生涯的故事，在这个过程中他经历了很多艰难困苦，但乐观的马里奥没有被打败并获得了成功。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“He was about 10 years old the first time he ever stepped on the set. It began with a chance encounter.(他第一次踏上片场大约是在10岁的时候。一切始于一次偶然的相遇。)”和第二段“Suddenly, someone approached him and said, “ We are trying to test for this commercial. ” So he got up and had an audition (试境). Even with no acting experience, it quickly felt like a natural career path. From the commercial, he went on to be on TV series and a movie and all that.(突然，有人走近他说：“我们正在试拍这个广告。”于是他起身去试镜。即使没有任何表演经验，我也很快觉得这是一条很自然的职业道路。从广告开始，他又出演了电视剧和电影等等。)”可知，马里奥在毫无经验时，偶然获得了一个试镜机会，开启了他的职业生涯，由此可知，马里奥早期的演艺生涯是有点好运的。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Mario clearly recalled the day he left: Feb. 28, 1962. He was in high school that first year in Florida. It was a challenge living in a foreign country with no language, no parents and going to school.(马里奥清楚地记得他离开的那一天：1962年2月28日。他在佛罗里达读高中的第一年。生活在异国他乡，没有语言，没有父母，还要上学，这是一个挑战。)”可知，马里奥在1962年2月28日这一天要开始独立在美国开始新生活，故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“He was in high school that first year in Florida. It was a challenge living in a foreign country with no language, no parents and going to school. He had to go from being an actor to being a waiter. He always went to an alley behind the restaurant and sat on a wooden box and dried the tears with his apron. (他在佛罗里达读高中的第一年。生活在异国他乡，没有语言，没有父母，还要上学，这是一个挑战。他不得不从一个演员变成一个服务员。他总是走到餐馆后面的一条巷子里，坐在一个木箱子上，用围裙擦干眼泪。)”可知，在美国第一年的生活对马里奥来说非常困难且具有挑战性。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But Mario’s optimism never failed him. He went on to earn his Ph. D. in Spanish language and literature from the University of Miami.(但马里奥的乐观从未将他打败。后来，他在迈阿密大学获得了西班牙语和文学博士学位。)”可知，乐观的马里奥在非常困难且具有挑战性的情况下可以坚持并取得成功，由此可知，马里奥的故事主要传达了一个道理：乐观的人能坚持到底。故选B。
C
For years doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive. These transfusions usually include giving red blood cells to patients.
Blood transfusions aren’t as simple as taking blood from one person and giving it to someone else. There’re several different blood types that don’t all mix well. If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood, their body will reject the blood cells, causing problems. For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells (干细胞) from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.
This could be even better than a regular blood transfusion. For one thing, they can be adjusted for people with different blood types. That’ll be extremely helpful for people with rare blood types. Also, a normal transfusion has red blood cells of all different ages, which means only a small part of them are brand new. The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new, and this means they last longer and that patients will need fewer transfusions.
To test its safety, researchers have given a couple of teaspoons of the blood to two healthy people, both of whom seem to be doing just fine after the transfusions. In all, they’ll be tested on 10 people, and compared to normal transfusions. The new process doesn’t indicate that normal blood transfusions will disappear. Meanwhile, growing red blood cells in a lab is extremely expensive. And a lot of work and testing still need to be done. But if it’s successful, the process could make life much easier for patients who often need transfusions—even those with rare blood types.
28. Why are the scientists carrying out the research?
A. The blood reserve is not adequate.
B. Normal blood transfusions are out of date.
C. More and more people need blood transfusions.
D. They want to find a new trail of blood transfusions.
29. What’s the advantages of the brand new red blood cells grown in the lab?
A. They suit the patients of all different ages.
B. They have red blood cells from different races.
C. They are effective to the patients for a longer term.
D. It is extremely economical and makes life much easier.
30. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The research still has a long way to go.
B. Normal blood transfusions will disappear soon.
C. Ten people have received the lab-grown brand new blood.
D. The brand new blood isn’t fit for those with rare blood types.
31. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The test of lab-grown blood. B. Comparison of two blood transfusions.
C. An appeal for rare blood donation. D. The expense of blood transfusions.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是一种新的给患者输血的方式，即给患者提供红细胞，这种输血方式一旦成功，将会使得经常输血的患者，即使是那些具有稀有血型的患者的生活变的轻松。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Blood transfusions aren’t as simple as taking blood from one person and giving it to someone else. There’re several different blood types that don’t all mix well. If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood, their body will reject the blood cells, causing problems. For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells (干细胞) from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.(输血并不像从一个人身上取血给另一个人那么简单。有几种不同的血型并不能很好地混合在一起。如果有人输错了血，他们的身体就会排斥血细胞，造成问题。英国布里斯托尔大学的科学家们首次进行了一项新的试验:测试在实验室里培养的人类志愿者的红细胞。科学家们利用血液样本中的干细胞培育出数十亿个全新的红细胞)”可知，输血并不像想象的那么简单，且不同血型不能很好的混合，输错了血可能造成问题。由此推知，科学家进行实验的目的是找到一种新的输血方式——红细胞输血，以避免这些问题。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new, and this means they last longer and that patients will need fewer transfusions.(在实验室中生长的红细胞是全新的，这意味着它们的持续时间更长，患者需要的输血更少)”可知，在实验室中的红细胞的优势是它们是全新的，因此对患者有效的时间更长。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“And a lot of work and testing still need to be done. (还有很多工作和测试需要完成)”可知，该研究还有很长的路要走。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“For years, doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive. These transfusions usually include giving red blood cells to patients.(多年来，医生一直为需要血液生存的患者提供血液。这些输血通常包括给患者提供红细胞)”以及第二段中的“For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells(干细胞) from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells. (英国布里斯托大学的科学家有史以来第一次在人类志愿者身上测试实验室中生长的红细胞。科学家们使用来自血液样本的干细胞来培养数十亿个全新的红细胞)”可知，本文主要讲述的是科学家在实验室研发的一种红细胞输血方式。由此可知，The test of lab-grown blood.(实验室培育的血液测试)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。
D
Have you ever read back something you’ve written and felt like it’s not quite as strong as you’d like? One possible reason is that you overuse crutch words (拐杖词). So, what are crutch words?
Crutch words are words a speaker or a writer uses without knowing it. They are usually not needed and don’t add to the story. If someone is speaking, you’ll recognize a crutch word as a pause, or if the speaker uses “um” or “ah” a lot. Crutch words in the conversation also include favorite words and phrases, such as “you know”, “anyway”, “just”, “all right” and “like”. They only give the speaker time to think before they move on to the next idea.
For writers, crutch words operate in much the same way, but instead of a pause, they’re filler words we use because we haven’t thought the sentence through enough. They’re words that are easy. They flow naturally into the space that could easily be occupied by a slight rewriting of a sentence or a different word choice.
Now that you know what crutch words are, the question is how you can get rid of them. It’s not always easy to notice your own writing quirks (怪癖), so it might take a bit of hard work to find what yours are.
The next time you sit down to read over your writing, look carefully for repeated words or phrases. Mark them so they’re easy to find later. Look at both an old and a new piece of writing and compare the two. Are there phrases or words you use a lot that are common to both? If yes, then you’ve found your crutch words.
Once you’ve known your crutch words, they’re easy to cut out later. But don’t be afraid if you find them in your first draft. Eliminating those words is exactly what revision is for.
32. What might an article with too many crutch words be like?
A. Formal. B. Weak. C. Quality. D. Easy.
33. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. Crutch words are normally unnecessary.
B Crutch words are unavoidable.
C. Crutch words give writers time to think.
D. Crutch words give writers different word choices.
34. What does the author think about finding crutch words?
A. It’s strange. B. It’s interesting.
C. It’s questionable. D. It’s a bit difficult.
35. What does the underlined word “Eliminating” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Returning. B. Removing.
C. Recording. D. Remembering.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了什么是“拐杖词”，如何发现自己的“拐杖词”，以及如何克服它们。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Have you ever read back something you’ve written and felt like it’s not quite as strong as you’d like? One possible reason is that you overuse crutch words (拐杖词). (你是否曾经读过自己写过的东西，却觉得它没有你想要的那么强烈？一个可能的原因是你过度使用了一些拐杖词)”可知，一篇有很多拐杖词的文章会让人感觉没有那么强烈，缺少说服力。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Crutch words are words a speaker or a writer uses without knowing it. They are usually not needed and don’t add to the story. (拐杖词是说话者或作家在不自知的情况下使用的词。它们通常是不需要的，也不会增加故事的内容)”可知，拐杖词通常是不必要的。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“It’s not always easy to notice your own writing quirks(怪癖), so it might take a bit of hard work to find what yours are. (注意到你自己的写作怪癖并不总是那么容易，所以可能需要一点努力才能发现你的写作怪癖是什么)”可知，注意到自己的写作怪癖——用拐杖词——并不容易。故选D。
【35题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Once you’ve known your crutch words, they’re easy to cut out later. But don’t be afraid if you find them in your first draft. Eliminating those words is exactly what revision is for. (一旦你知道了自己的拐杖词，以后就很容易把它们删掉。但如果你在初稿中发现了它们，也不要害怕。eliminating这些词正是修订的目的)”可知，划线词同“cut off”为同义词，我们发现了拐杖词就要删除它们，删除它们正是修订写作内容的目的。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. ____36____
An Israeli company Tevel has developed these flying autonomous robots. The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with its arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. ____37____ In addition, they can collect more fruits than a picker during a given time.
____38____ The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break.
Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use. ____39____
The robots arc now picking pears in Israel. The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot’s function. ____40____ In the future, fewer people will work in picking and more people will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.
A. So only the ripe ones are collected.
B Now a new type of robot can come to their help.
C. Finding fruit pickers is farmers’ biggest concern.
D. They can receive timely information from the robots.
E. Another advantage of the robots is that they never feel tired.
F. Then the company will transport the robots to their orchards.
G. For example, they can be used to cut off branches and water fruits.
【答案】36. B 37. A 38. E 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍以色列的Tevel公司开发了可以帮助果农采摘水果的自动飞行机器人。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. (收获水果是一项要求很高的工作。如果没有采摘机，水果会烂在树上。但由于近年来采摘者供不应求，种植者需要迅速找到另一种收获水果的方法。)”和下文“An Israeli company Tevel has developed these flying autonomous robots. (以色列的一家公司Tevel开发了这些自动飞行机器人。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍一种可以帮助农民采摘水果的机器人。选项B“现在，一种新型机器人可以帮助他们。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。
【37题详解】
根据上文“The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with its arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. (机器人飞过一棵树，用手臂摘水果。他们安装了摄像头，使用AI来评估水果的大小和颜色。)”可知，这里说明机器人要采摘什么样的水果。选项A“所以只收集成熟的。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据下文“The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break. (飞行机器人连接到一个平台上，该平台充当电源，因此它们永远不会耗尽电力。他们将在任何天气下没日没夜地工作，不休息。)”可知，这一段讲述机器人不会感到累。选项E“机器人的另一个优点是它们从不感到疲劳。”和下文意思一致。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use. (几十个这样的智能机器人可以在水果准备收获的时候在整个果园中使用。农民们只需要告诉公司他们需要多少飞行机器人，他们将使用多长时间。)”可知，这一段讲述机器人采摘水果的步骤。选项F“然后公司将把机器人运送到他们的果园。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
【40题详解】
根据上文“The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot’s function. (该公司还计划为机器人的功能增加更多的任务。)”可知，接下来要介绍该公司为机器人增加的功能和任务。选项G“例如，它们可以用来切断树枝和浇水。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分))
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My niece Jessica was six. One day she came home from school ____41____. It had finally been her turn at her class’ weekly Show and Tell, but her teacher’s ____42____ to her presentation brought her to tears. “I talked about Uncle Steve,” Jessica said sadly. “When I showed his picture to the class, Mrs. Yates ____43____ it.”
Being only three years old, Steve was more like a ____44____ to Jessica than an uncle. Truly her best partner, Uncle Steve was a favorite topic of Jessica’s. It was no surprise that she’d make him the ____45____ of her Show and Tell. What was a little strange was why Mrs. Yates would find his picture ____46____ enough to upset Jessica.
Several days later, my sister ____47____ Mrs. Yates in the shopping centre. After ____48____ Jessica’s progress with Mrs. Yates, my sister mentioned her daughter’s presentation. ____49____, the teacher broke into laughter.
“Oh, Mrs. DeDeo,” she laughed. “I had no idea Jessica was so unhappy, _____50_____ I must explain my reaction. Every Monday when Jessica comes into school, she talks about her weekends spent with her grandmother and Uncle Steve. She tells other students how he sometimes _____51_____ her, takes her toys and steals her cookies. I was planning to call you to ask if you were _____52_____ of the situation. When she _____53_____ a picture of Uncle Steve with the class, I was _____54_____ to find a bully (霸凌者) of a man. What I saw was a _____55_____ three-year-old boy. I couldn’t help but laugh!”
41. A. excited B. nervous C. shocked D. upset
42. A. attention B. reaction C. response D. preference
43. A. laughed at B. complained about C. subscribed to D. disagreed on
44. A. stranger B. brother C. classmate D. student
45. A. director B. performer C. focus D. symbol
46. A. disappointing B. surprising C. annoying D. amusing
47. A. encountered B. called C. contacted D. persuaded
48. A. revealing B. observing C. predicting D. discussing
49. A. In return B. As usual C. Once again D. In fact
50. A. so B. but C. though D. and
51. A. protects B. blesses C. hits D. helps
52. A. proud B. sure C. afraid D. aware
53. A. shared B. enjoyed C. decorated D. switched
54. A. waiting B. expecting C. preparing D. pretending
55. A. brave B. patient C. sweet D. wise
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个美丽的误会，六岁的Jessica总是会说自己的叔叔会欺负她，不曾想原来她的叔叔只是个三岁的小男孩。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，她放学回家，很沮丧。A. excited兴奋的；B. nervous紧张的；C. shocked感到震惊的；D. upset沮丧的、心烦。根据下文““I talked about Uncle Steve,” Jessica said sadly.”以及最后一段“I had no idea Jessica was so unhappy”可知，Jessica很伤心，所以她回家的时候有点沮丧、不开心。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：终于轮到她参加班级每周一次的展示和讲述了，但老师对她演讲的反应让她哭了。A. attention注意力；B. reaction反应；C. response回复；D. preference偏爱。根据下文““When I showed his picture to the class, Mrs. Yates ____3____ it.””以及最后一段“I must explain my reaction.”可知，Mrs. Yates看到照片时的反应令Jessica不开心。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我把他的照片给全班同学看时，Mrs. Yates笑了。A. laughed at嘲笑；B. complained about抱怨；C. subscribed to同意、订阅；D. disagreed on对……有不同意见。根据下文“the teacher broke into laughter.”可知，Mrs. Yates看到照片时笑了起来。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对Jessica来说，只有三岁的Steve更像弟弟而不是叔叔。A. stranger陌生人；B. brother兄弟；C. classmate同学；D. student学生。根据文章首段“My niece Jessica was six.”以及空前的“Being only three years old,”可推断出，由于年龄问题，Steve更像Jessica的弟弟。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫不奇怪，她会让他成为她展示和讲述的焦点。A. director导演；B. performer表演者；C. focus焦点；D. symbol象征。根据上文的“Truly her best partner, Uncle Steve was a favorite topic of Jessica’s.”可知，Jessica很喜欢谈论Steve，所以，他会成为Jessica演讲的焦点。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有点奇怪的是，Mrs. Yates为什么会觉得他的照片很有趣，让Jessica很不高兴。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. annoying恼人的；D. amusing有趣的。根据上文““When I showed his picture to the class, Mrs. Yates ____3____ it.””以及下文“the teacher broke into laughter.”可知，Jessica认为Mrs. Yates觉得照片很有趣才笑了起来。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，我妹妹在购物中心遇到了Mrs. Yates。A. encountered遭遇、遇见；B. called呼叫；C. contacted联系；D. persuaded劝服。根据下文可知，两个人在购物中心聊起了天，说明两人在那儿相遇了。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在和Mrs. Yates讨论了Jessica的进展后，我姐姐提到了她女儿的演讲。A. revealing揭露；B. observing观察、遵守；C. predicting预测；D. discussing讨论。根据上文内容可知，Mrs. Yates是Jessica的老师，而作为Jessica的妈妈，自然是和老师讨论孩子的在校表现。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：老师又一次大笑起来。A. In return作为回报；B. As usual像往常一样；C. Once again再一次；D. In fact事实上。根据文章第一段““When I showed his picture to the class, Mrs. Yates ____3____ it.””可知，当Jessica给老师展示照片的时候，老师就笑了起来。因此，这一次Jessica的妈妈再次提到这件事，老师是又一次笑了起来。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我不知道Jessica这么不高兴，但我必须解释我的反应。A. so因此；B. but但是；C. though虽然；D. and和、也。上一句“I had no idea Jessica was so unhappy”和下一句“I must explain my reaction”之间存在转折关系。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉其他学生，他有时会打她，拿走她的玩具，偷她的饼干。A. protects保护；B. blesses祝福；C. hits打、袭击；D. helps帮助。根据下文“takes her toys and steals her cookies”以及“I was ____14____ to find a bully (霸凌者) of a man.”可知，老师以为Steve是个恶霸，所以Jessica描述的应该是Uncle Steve打她。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我正打算给你打电话问你知不知道情况。A. proud自豪的；B. sure确信的；C. afraid害怕的；D. aware知道的。根据上文“Every Monday when Jessica comes into school, she talks about her weekends spent with her grandmother and Uncle Steve. She tells other students how he sometimes ____11____ her, takes her toys and steals her cookies.”可知，在Jessica的描述中，Uncle Steve是个行径恶劣的恶霸，作为老师，应该是想确认家长是否知道情况。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她和同学们分享Steve叔叔的照片时，我还以为会看到一个恶霸。A. shared分享；B. enjoyed喜爱；C. decorated装饰；D. switched改变、交换。根据上文“When I showed his picture to the class, Mrs. Yates ____3____ it.”可知，Jessica向同学以及老师展示了照片，所以是分享和同学们分享照片。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她和同学们分享Steve叔叔的照片时，我还以为会看到一个恶霸。A. waiting等待；B. expecting期盼、预期；C. preparing准备；D. pretending假装。根据上文“She tells other students how he sometimes ____11____ her, takes her toys and steals her cookies.”可知，在Jessica的描述中，Uncle Steve是个行径恶劣的恶霸，所以老师以为会看到恶霸的照片。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看到的是一个可爱的三岁男孩。A. brave勇敢的；B. patient有耐心的；C. sweet甜美的、可爱的；D. wise明智的。根据空后的“three-year-old boy.”以及上文Jessica的描述可知，Steve是个可爱的小男孩。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Long ago in Ancient China, there was a mythical figure ___56___ (know) as Shennong. Not only did Shennong bring agriculture and the use of herbal medicine to China, but he also invented ___57___ (agriculture) tools and techniques, and the Chinese calendar with its 24 solar terms.
It is said that the home town of Shennong was a forest in Hubei Province, which today is called “Shennongjia”. This beautiful and diverse region covers ___58___ area of 3,253 square kilometers of north-west Hubei Province. It gives shelter to over 1000 species of medicinal plants, many of ___59___ are rare and unique to Shennongjia. Here mountain slopes ___60___ (cover) with trees and some of them grow up to 40 meters tall. In summer, pink and violet flowers lend splashes of color. These are some of ___61___ (it) most breathtaking landscapes. The magnificent Shennong Peak rises to 3,105 meters above sea level.
Banbiyan is famous for its stone forest, as well as its bamboo forests and grasslands that flood with ___62___ (flower). The stone forests of Fengjingya stand ___63___ a background of green mountains that reaches as far as the eye can see. When it rains, the tops of these mountains look like islands ___64___ (float) on a sea of clouds. Come to Shennongjia ___65___ (enjoy) its beauty and the legend.
【答案】56. known
57. agricultural
58. an 59. which
60. are covered
61. its 62. flowers
63. against
64. floating
65. to enjoy
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了神农架的美丽景色。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在很久以前的中国古代，有一个神话人物叫神农。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：be known as意为“被称为……”，所以此处应用过去分词known作后置定语，修饰名词figure。故填known。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：神农不仅把农业和草药的使用带到了中国，他还发明了农业工具和技术，以及有24节气的中国历法。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，agriculture的形容词形式是agricultural。故填agricultural。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这个美丽多样的地区位于湖北省西北部，面积为3253平方公里。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：an area of意为“一块……的面积”。故填an。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：这里有1000多种药用植物，其中许多是神农架特有的稀有植物。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是medicinal plants，指物，在从句中作宾语，应该用which引导。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：这里的山坡上覆盖着树木，有些树木可以长到40米高。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少and前面的句子的谓语动词，所以cover作本句谓语，主语是mountain slopes，两者间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数。故填are covered。
【61题详解】
考查代词。句意：这些都是最令人惊叹的风景。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词landscapes，所以空处应填形容词性物主代词作定语。故填its。
【62题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：板壁岩以石林、竹林和鲜花盛开的草地而闻名。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，所以空处应填名词，flower意为“花朵”为可数名词，根据前文的forests and grasslands可知用复数形式。故填flowers。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：风景垭的石林衬托着一望无际的青山。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：stand against a background of意为“站在……的背景下”。故填against。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：下雨的时候，这些山顶看起来就像漂浮在云海上的岛屿。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词look，前后无连词，所以float用非谓语动词形式，根据句意，空处修饰空前的islands，所以应该用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填floating。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：来神农架欣赏它的美丽和传说吧。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词come，所以enjoy用非谓语动词形式，根据句意，此处是表目的，所以此处应该用不定式形式。故填to enjoy。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：(满分15分)
66. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校将举行以可持续发展(sustainable development)为主题的英语演讲比赛，请给外教 Caroline写一封电子邮件，邀请她担任比赛的评委。
内容包括：1. 比赛的时间和地点; 2. 比赛的内容和目的。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Caroline,
I’m writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest which will be held in our school hall on November 15th. It is arranged to start at 2 p.m. It lasts for about three hours. Ten contestants will deliver their speeches about the given topic “sustainable development”. The aim is to spread the knowledge about sustainable development, raising our awareness of it and arousing our interest in English study at the same time. I hope you will accept the invitation if you are convenient. Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求学生以学生会主席李华的身份给外教Caroline写一封电子邮件，邀请她来担任演讲比赛的评委。
【详解】1.词汇积累
安排：arrange®schedule
发表演讲：deliver the speech® give the speech
期待：look forward to®expect
2.句型拓展
同义句转换
原句：It is arranged to start at 2 p.m. It lasts for about three hours.
拓展句：It is arranged to start at 2 p.m., lasting for about three hours.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest which will be held in our school hall on November 15th.(运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]The aim is to spread the knowledge about sustainable development, raising our awareness of it and arousing our interest in English study at the same time.(运用了不定式作表语结构和非谓语动词做状语)
第二节：(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The only life that Jeffrey had ever known was on the streets. Since his childhood, Jeffrey has been homeless. His mother, Rebecca, was abandoned by her husband, and they were forced to live in the streets without a way to cover living expenses and rent.
Soon afterward, his mom fell ill and passed away. As much as he tried, Jeffrey couldn’t find a permanent job. Jeffrey only had a few clothes, blankets, and shoes, which he would push around in a rusty trolley. With no family or friends, he relied on his local shelter and soup kitchen. He would often ask the workers at a local burger place for their leftovers to survive.
One day, as Jeffrey was looking through the trash can outside the burger shop, he noticed a black object near the surface. He picked it up and realized it was a wallet. When he looked inside, he could recognize the I.D. picture.
The wallet belonged to Alan, a small business owner who stayed a few blocks away. He remembered asking Alan for money a few weeks ago and saying no. Alan said that he was seriously ill and saved every penny for his treatment to get better.
Alan’s cards, driver’s license, and cash were still inside the wallet, meaning he’d lost it by mistake. There was also a check for $3000 inside the wallet. “This is life-changing money. I could get some fresh clothes, maybe rent a small apartment and finally get a job,” Jeffrey mumbled to himself.
Jeffrey knew he couldn’t live with the guilt of knowing a man would suffer if he took the money for himself. Even though he initially felt that the check may have been a gift from God, he quickly realized that it was more of a test.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jeffrey walked a few blocks to Alan’s office.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Alan promised to reward Jeffrey for his kindness once he recovered.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version.
Jeffrey walked a few blocks to Alan’s offices. Alan seemed surprised by the visit. “Hey, Alan. I’m not here to ask for any money. You dropped your wallet in the trashcan.” As Jeffrey presented the wallet to Alan, he grabbed it and began weeping. “You’re a lifesaver, Jeffrey. My operation was scheduled for tomorrow, and I thought I couldn’t pay for it.” Alan said as tears ran down his face. To Jeffrey’s surprise, Alan gave him a big hug. It was the first hug Jeffrey had received in years.
Alan promised to reward Jeffrey for his kindness once here covered. A few weeks later, Alan approached Jeffrey, saying that his operation had been a success and that he had fully recovered. He helped Jeffrey find work as a waiter at a nearby restaurant. Within a year, Jeffrey was able to save enough money to start renting a small apartment close to work and began studying toward his goal. They have remained close friends ever since. Later, with joint efforts, they formed an initiative to help provide food for homeless children in the area.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了杰弗里是一个流浪汉，意外捡到了艾伦的钱包。虽然母亲需要钱治病，但杰弗里还是选择把钱包还给了艾伦。最终艾伦帮助杰弗里找到了一份工作，杰弗里的生活也慢慢好起来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“杰弗里走了几个街区来到艾伦的办公室。”可知，第一段可描写杰弗里归还钱包的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“艾伦答应一旦找到杰弗瑞就会回报他。”可知，第二段可描写艾伦是如何帮助杰弗里的。
2.续写线索：找到艾伦——归还钱包——艾伦感动——艾伦给予拥抱——帮助杰弗里——杰弗里生活变好
3.词汇激活
行为类
请求：ask for/demand for
以为：think/consider
联系：approach/get in touch with
情绪类
惊讶：surprised /astonished
完全：fully /completely
【点睛】[高分句型1] A few weeks later, Alan approached Jeffrey, saying that his operation had been a success and that he had fully recovered. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] As Jeffrey presented the wallet to Alan, he grabbed it and began weeping. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
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