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江西省南昌市三校2022-2023学年高三英语上学期11月期中试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份江西省南昌市三校2022-2023学年高三英语上学期11月期中试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
南昌市三校(一中、十中、铁一中)高三上学期第一次联考
英语试题
考试时长：120分钟 试卷总分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What kind of life is the man expecting this weekend?
A. A busy one. B. A colorful one. C. A relaxing one.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a clothing shop. C. In the woman’s house.
3. What is the woman worried about?
A. She won’t go back until midnight.
B. Her son might be caught in the storm.
C. Her friend can’t receive her message.
4. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Balance study and voluntary work.
B. Work at the community part-time.
C. Stick to her weekly schedule.
5. When did the woman get off work yesterday?
A. At 6:00 pm. B. At 8:00 pm. C. At 9:00 pm.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man say about Vivian’s car?
A. It’s dangerous to drive. B. It won’t cost much to repair. C. It’s a bit small for her.
7. What does the man offer to do for Vivian?
A. Give her a ride home. B. Lend her some money. C. Help fix her car.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man plan to do tomorrow?
A. Go fishing. B. Attend a party. C. Do some shopping.
9. What will the speakers buy for their grandfather?
A. A fishing pole. B. A camera. C. A bag.
10. How soon will the sporting goods store open?
A. In 10 minutes. B. In half an hour. C. In an hour.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How many people will have dinner together?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Six.
12. What does the man complain about?
A. It’s unable to sit together. B. It’s hard to see the band. C. It’s too noisy near the stage.
13. Who is the woman?
A. A manager. B. A musician. C. A waitress.
听第9段材料，回答第 14 至17 题。
14. What did Kayla help Megan with?
A. A presentation. B. Last month’s schedule. C. An important project.
15. Why does the man talk to Kayla?
A. To give her a promotion. B. To discuss a new project. C. To criticize her performance.
16. What is Gary’s plan?
A. Taking early retirement. B. Starting his own business. C. Joining another company.
17. How does Kayla feel at the end of the conversation?
A. Disappointed. B. Nervous. C. Happy.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does the speaker remind people to do?
A. Buy extra food and water. B. Work from home for two weeks.
C. Leave the area as soon as possible.
19. What season is it now probably?
A Spring. B. Summer. C. Winter.
20. What is the main topic of the talk?
A. The change of the seasons. B. The course of the hurricane.
C. The measures to cope with bad weather.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Scholarships for the Class of 2022
Applying for scholarships in your senior year is a number game, and the more scholarships you apply for, the better your chance of winning.
O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship
Deadline: Varied.
Award Amount: $1,000 for each winner
O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship is available to female high school seniors who plan to enroll full-time in a four-year undergraduate program. You must have a minimum GPA of 3.2 and demonstrate your financial need.
Paradigm Challenge
Deadline: 5/01/2022
Award Amount: $1,000 for five winners
Paradigm Challenge is open to students up to the age of 18. You may work in a team or alone in creating an original and creative way to help solve real-life problems in homes schools, communities, or around the world. Entries may come in the form of posters, videos, inventions, messages, community events, websites, mobile apps, or anything else that will help save lives.
Additionally, you must submit a brief statement of your idea (no more than 140 characters).
Don’t Text & Drive Scholarship
Deadline: 3/01/22
Award Amount: $5,000 for two winners
Don’t Text & Drive Scholarship is available to high school, undergraduate or graduate students. You must be a U.S. citizen or a legal resident and complete a short statement about your choice in order to qualify for this award.
“A Voice for Cats” Essay Contest Scholarship
Deadline: 7/01/2022
Award Amount: $1,000 for each winner
“A Voice for Cats” Essay Contest Scholarship is open to students who are entering college or currently enrolled in college. You must have a background of volunteering or working at an animal rescue organization for at least 20 hours and submit an essay of between 300 and 500 words on feline (猫科动物的) welfare and the humane treatment of cats.
1. Who is O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship intended for?
A. Undergraduate exchange students. B. Part-time graduate students.
C. Female high school seniors. D. Poor pupils failing to afford education.
2. What will result in disqualification for the Paradigm Challenge?
A. Having no teammates. B. Showing less interest in charity activities.
C. Being inactive in community events. D. Submitting the statement on May 3rd, 2022.
3. Which of the following offers an individual the highest scholarship?
A. Paradigm Challenge. B. O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship.
C. Don’t Text & Drive Scholarship. D. “A Voice for Cats” Essay Contest Scholarship.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个申请奖学金的项目的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship部分中“O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship is available to female high school seniors who plan to enroll full-time in a four-year undergraduate program.(O Wines for Success奖学金提供给计划全日制读四年制本科的高中三年级女生)”可知，O Wines for Success奖学金的对象是女高中生。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Paradigm Challenge部分中“Deadline: 5/01/22(截止日期：2022年5月1日)”可知，在2022年5月3日提交声明会导致Paradigm Challenge被取消资格。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship每位获奖者1000美元；Paradigm Challenge五位获奖者1000美元；Don’t Text & Drive Scholarship两位获奖者5000美元；“A Voice for Cats” Essay Contest Scholarship每位获奖者1000美元。故Don’t Text & Drive Scholarship提供个人最高奖学金。故选C。
B
Most boyhood dreams are never realized, particularly if you grew up in the 1960s and desired to become Tarzan of the Apes. But that is not the case for young Fred Bercovitch. His dream of swinging from jungle vines (藤蔓) and communicating with chimps and elephants began when he read Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Tarzan books. These books attracted him to the jungles of Africa and eventually brought him before a United Nations conference where he advocated helping save giraffes.
Bercovitch answered the call of the wild in 1978. He flew to Kenya to live close to a group of olive baboons (狒狒), which he hoped would result in a doctoral paper about their reproduction. Denise, his classmate, accompanied him. Their two-year adventure in the wild resulted in a Ph.D. in biological anthropology (人类学) from UC, Los Angeles for Bercovitch and some astonishing stories.
It was his time at the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance that brought him worldwide recognition when a study he conducted was featured as one of the Top 100 Science Stories of 2002 by the magazine Discover. As head of the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance’s Behavioral Biology Division, he documented the social habits of giraffes. “We found giraffes behaved pretty much like people who attend parties. Some talked to a few friends, some enjoyed communicating with strangers, and others were looking for pleasure together,” said Bercovitch.
To confirm that giraffes behave in the same way in the wild, Bercovitch flew to Zambia and consulted with a researcher with 30 years of data on giraffes. He ran the researcher’s data through a complex computer program and confirmed giraffes’ social preferences are the same in the wild as they are kept in a limited space.
As a professor at Kyoto University since 2010, Bercovitch has published more than 150 scientific papers in an effort to advance the understanding of animals. He wishes for a better world for humans and animals to live in, which is far less violent.
4. What was young Fred Bercovitch’s dream?
A. Saving giraffes. B. Working for the UN.
C. Exploring the wildlife in the jungle. D. Writing books about animals.
5. How did Fred Bercovitch complete his doctoral paper?
A. By conducting a field study. B. By performing lab experiments.
C. By referring to previous documents. D. By turning to biological anthropology professors.
6. What can be known about giraffes from Bercovitch’s research?
A. They are socially active. B. They show a gift for self-defense.
C. They prefer to live in a limited space. D. They are strict followers of social rules.
7. What would be the best title for the text?
A. The charm of the jungles of Africa B. The key to amazing academic success
C. Fred Bercovitch’s adventure in the wild D. Fred Bercovitch’s devotion to his childhood dream
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Fred Bercovitch坚持少时的梦想，致力于研究野生动物并取得了不错的成就。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“His dream of swinging from jungle vines (藤蔓) and communicating with chimps and elephants began when he read Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Tarzan books. These books attracted him to the jungles of Africa and eventually brought him before a United Nations conference where he advocated helping save giraffes.(当他读了埃德加·赖斯·巴勒斯的《人猿泰山》之后，他开始梦想在丛林藤蔓上荡秋千，与黑猩猩和大象交流。这些书把他吸引到非洲的丛林，并最终使他参加了一个联合国会议，在那里他倡导帮助拯救长颈鹿)”可知，年轻的弗雷德·伯科维奇的梦想是探索丛林中的野生动物。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Their two-year adventure in the wild resulted in a Ph.D. in biological anthropology (人类学) from UC, Los Angeles for Bercovitch and some astonishing stories.(他们在野外的两年探险让Bercovitch获得了加州大学洛杉矶分校的生物人类学博士学位，并讲述了一些令人震惊的故事)”可知，弗雷德·伯科维奇通过实地考察完成他的博士论文。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“We found giraffes behaved pretty much like people who attend parties. Some talked to a few friends, some enjoyed communicating with strangers, and others were looking for pleasure together(我们发现长颈鹿的行为和参加派对的人很像。一些人和几个朋友聊天，一些人喜欢和陌生人交流，还有一些人在一起寻找乐趣)”可知，从Bercovitch的研究中我们可以了解到长颈鹿在社交上很活跃。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Most boyhood dreams are never realized, particularly if you grew up in the 1960s and desired to become Tarzan of the Apes. But that is not the case for young Fred Bercovitch.(大多数童年的梦想永远不会实现，尤其是如果你成长在20世纪60年代，渴望成为人猿泰山。但年轻的弗雷德·伯科维奇却不是这样)”结合文章主要讲述了Fred Bercovitch坚持年少时的梦想，致力于研究野生动物并取得了不错的成就。故D选项“弗雷德·伯科维奇对童年梦想的执着”最符合文章标题。故选D。
C
The “butterfly effect” may have it all wrong. Instead of a single insect’s wing flap setting off a distant tornado weeks later, rain in sub-Saharan Africa can lead to more wing-flapping butterflies in southern Europe the next spring, a new study finds.
Orange with black and white wing tips, the painted lady is one of the planet’s most widespread butterflies, living on every continent except Antarctica and South America. Populations reach tens of millions in Europe alone. Like the monarch butterfly, the painted lady undertakes impressive annual migrations; its round-trip journeys of some 12,000 to 14,000 kilometers reach from sub-Saharan Africa to Scandinavia and back again. It is one of the longest known annual insect migrations. “But this migration is strange, with the number of immigrant insects arriving in Europe sometimes varying greatly year over year, which has confused naturalists for generations,” says ecologist Richard Fox.
Adult painted ladies only live about 2 weeks, so the butterflies’ migrations are multi-generational affairs. Experts have long suspected variations in spring numbers in the Mediterranean occur because conditions farther south have affected the breeding success of an earlier generation. To see whether that’s true, Jason Chapman and his colleagues collected 21 years’ worth of butterfly observations from West Africa to Western Europe. The researchers found that the butterflies’ spring numbers in Europe are heavily influenced by the amount of monsoon (雨季) rainfall in western sub-Saharan Africa in the previous summer and fall.
More rain there, they found, leads to flooding, which fuels plants that emerging larvae(幼虫) feast on in the winter. Wet years appear to have produced European butterfly booms in 2009, 2015, and this year. Spring plants amount in northwestern Africa can also affect the numbers of the painted ladies; the butterflies make some stops in the region on the way to Europe.
The findings help scientists know what a changing climate could mean to the insects, according to ecologist Constanti Stefanescu. “Now that researchers have taken some mystery out of the insects’ northward migration, one remaining puzzle is how they manage to survive their return journey southward at the end of the summer,” says another ecologist, Chris Thomas.
8. Which of the following agrees with painted ladies’ living habits?
A. They have a long annual migration route.
B. They are equally distributed around the world.
C. They flap their wings more frequently than other butterflies.
D. They share a migration time similar to the monarch butterflies’.
9. What drove the naturalists to carry out the study?
A. Short lifespan of the butterflies.
B. Migration route of the butterflies.
C. Returning time of the butterflies after the migration.
D. Changing populations of the immigrant butterflies in Europe.
10. How does more rain increase the population of European butterflies?
A. By making the air fresh. B. By providing enough food.
C. By providing safe habitats. D. By lowering the local temperature.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. There’s more to be learned about the painted lady.
B. It is a mystery how the painted lady survives summers.
C. It’s necessary to help the painted lady find its way home.
D. It’s hard for the painted lady to survive in its return migration.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了彩蝶的生活习性以及对这种昆虫的一些研究发现。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Like the monarch butterfly, the painted lady undertakes impressive annual migrations; its round-trip journeys of some 12,000 to 14,000 kilometers reach from sub-Saharan Africa to Scandinavia and back again. It is one of the longest known annual insect migrations.(和黑脉金斑蝶一样，彩蝶每年都要进行令人印象深刻的迁徙；从撒哈拉以南非洲到斯堪的纳维亚半岛再返回的往返行程约为1.2万至1.4万公里。这是已知的最长的昆虫年度迁徙之一)”可知，彩蝶的迁徙路线很长。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““But this migration is strange, with the number of immigrant insects arriving in Europe sometimes varying greatly year over year, which has confused naturalists for generations,” says ecologist Richard Fox.(生态学家理查德·福克斯说：“但是这种迁徙很奇怪，到达欧洲迁徙昆虫的数量有时每年都有很大的变化，这让几代博物学家感到困惑。”)”可知，欧洲迁徙蝴蝶数量的变化促使博物学家进行这项研究。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“More rain there, they found, leads to flooding, which fuels plants that emerging larvae(幼虫) feast on in the winter.(他们发现，那里的雨水越多，就会导致洪水泛滥，而洪水会为植物提供燃料，这些植物会在冬季为新出现的幼虫提供食物)”可知，更多的雨水提供足够的食物，从而增加欧洲蝴蝶的数量。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Now that researchers have taken some mystery out of the insects’ northward migration, one remaining puzzle is how they manage to survive their return journey southward at the end of the summer,” says another ecologist, Chris Thomas.( 另一位生态学家Chris Thomas说：“现在，研究人员已经揭开了昆虫向北迁徙的一些谜团，剩下的一个谜团是，它们是如何在夏末返回南方的旅程中幸存下来的。”)”可推知，关于彩蝶还有很多需要了解的。故选A。
D
When we want to communicate with another person, we generally use our voice, such as speaking or shouting. They are great ways to communicate, but they have some drawbacks.
For instance, if you live on a mountainside and your friend lives on another mountainside, shouting to each other isn’t always that effective. Shouting creates lots of echoes (回声) among the corners and holes of mountains, and the average outdoor range of an understandable human voice is only about 180 meters. Unless you walk over to where your friend lives to carry on a conversation at a reasonable speaking distance, or communicate by some sort of visual technique like smoke signals, there’s not much to be done except whistle (吹口哨).
Whistling is the product of air being forced through a small hole made by your lips. A whistle is different from your voice because it’s clear, and the frequency is high. The sound of a whistle can carry for over 8 kilometers and it holds its form, while a shout can become a mess because of the echoes.
For thousands of years, humans have relied on spoken language to accomplish daily, face-to-face communication most of the time. And in recent years, the coming of text messaging has also made whistled languages take a dive worldwide. Luckily, there are still over 70 groups around the world that engage in special whistled languages.
They’re most commonly found in mountainous regions where farmers need to pass messages around without walking up and down hills, and whistles are also used to communicate through the thick Amazon rainforest and are useful to Inuit at sea as well. Hunters can use whistling to communicate with each other in a way that doesn’t alarm their targets as the voice-produced language might.
Whistled languages are unique to a certain area and they are not distinct from spoken language. However, whistled language speakers around the world are found to be able to understand about 90 percent of what’s communicated. When whistled languages are still present, it signals that traditional activities are still commonly practiced and therefore the cultures behind them have been maintained.
12. What does the author want to express in the first two paragraphs?
A. Reasons for producing echoes outdoors.
B. The difficulty of living on the mountainside.
C. The necessity of adopting face-to-face communication.
D. Limitations of communicating by speaking or shouting.
13. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Stay adaptable. B. Become influential.
C. Get an improvement. D. Experience a decline.
14. How does the author prove whistled languages useful?
A. By providing research results. B. By listing the statistic data.
C. By giving examples. D. By doing some questionnaires.
15. What can be learned about whistled languages?
A. They will disappear gradually.
B. They could help keep traditional cultures alive.
C. They are independent of the local spoken language.
D. They become much more complex as time goes by.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类在交流中使用声音的局限性，说明了口哨语言的特点和应用场景，以及口哨语言的保护与传承。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“They are great ways to communicate, but they have some drawbacks.(它们是很好的交流方式，但也有一些缺点。)”以及第二段中“For instance, if you live on a mountainside and your friend lives on another mountainside, shouting to each other isn’t always that effective. (例如，如果你住在山腰上，而你的朋友住在另一个山腰上，对彼此大声喊叫并不总是那么有效。)”可知，第一段主要介绍说话和大喊这种交流方式是很有效的，可是也有一些缺点，第二段通过举例子来说明说话和大喊这种交流方式的缺点。故D选项“Limitations of communicating by speaking or shouting.(通过说话或喊叫来交流的局限性。)”概括第一段和第二段的内容。故选D。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词前面的句子“For thousands of years, humans have relied on spoken language to accomplish daily, face-to-face communication most of the time. (几千年来，人类大部分时间都依靠口语来完成日常面对面的交流。)”以及划线词的句子“And in recent years, the coming of text messaging has also made whistled languages take a dive worldwide.(近年来，短信的出现也使口哨语言在全球范围内take a dive)”可知，由于人们在日常生活中都是靠口语来进行面对面交流的，即口语交流是主要的交流方式，同时即使不在面对面的交流人们使用的是短信的交流，由此这些交流方式都使得口哨语言交流是在不断下降的。故划线词与D选项“Experience a decline. (经历衰退。)”为同义词。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“They’re most commonly found in mountainous regions where farmers need to pass messages around without walking up and down hills, and whistles are also used to communicate through the thick Amazon rainforest and are useful to Inuit at sea as well. (它们最常见于山区，那里的农民需要传递信息，而不必在山上走来走去。口哨也被用来在茂密的亚马逊雨林中交流，对因纽特人在海上也很有用。)”可知，作者在本段中以举例子的方式（亚马逊雨林中以及因纽特人在海上都是用口哨交流）来证明口哨交流是有用的。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When whistled languages are still present, it signals that traditional activities are still commonly practiced and therefore the cultures behind them have been maintained.(当口哨语言仍然存在时，它表明传统活动仍然普遍进行，因此其背后的文化得到了维护。)”可知，由于口哨语言的使用，其背后的文化得到了维护，因此它们可以帮助保持传统文化的活力。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In the mad rush of day-to-day living, we can often forget to find opportunities for our families to relax and have fun together. But having fun is an essential part of growing up. It’s also critical toward building a strong family. ____16____
It builds family bonds. The family that plays together stays together. Family bonds are built when you do something together that is simply fun. These bonds can last a lifetime. ____17____ Family board game night or a trip to the ice cream shop for Friday night dessert are excellent examples. These are the good times and memories that your children will carry with them forever and can even help them deal with more challenging times in their lives.
____18____ The more time a family takes to have fun and enjoy life, the more the kids can discover. Even something as simple as going for a walk can reveal something new. Family fun provides opportunities to mix in a little learning. Consider what you can discover from a family visit to a pond or by building a Lego metropolis together in the basement.
It promotes social skills. The ability to have fun and be fun is an attractive personality trait that children can benefit from in social interactions. ____19____ They will pick up more quickly on necessary social cues (线索) and will aid them throughout their lives. Examples of these social cues include knowing when they’ve gone too far or when someone else is no longer having fun. ____20____
A. It expands the mind.
B. It increases children’s creativity.
C. The following are why family bonds are important.
D. Fun also helps build important family traditions.
E. It helps children build social skills to make friends or deal with new situations.
F. Here are some more reasons why having fun together as a family is essential.
G. The children will also be able to successfully communicate when they’re ready to move
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述家庭成员在一起玩很重要，并解释其原因。
【16题详解】
根据上文“In the mad rush of day-to-day living, we can often forget to find opportunities for our families to relax and have fun together. But having fun is an essential part of growing up. It’s also critical toward building a strong family.(在繁忙的日常生活中，我们常常忘记找机会让家人一起放松和娱乐。但玩乐是成长过程中必不可少的一部分。这对建立一个强大的家庭也是至关重要的)”以及下文各个段首句可知，下文介绍的是家庭成员在一起玩很重要的原因，故选项F“这里有一些原因，为什么作为一个家庭一起玩是至关重要的”提出话题，符合题意，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Family board game night or a trip to the ice cream shop for Friday night dessert are excellent examples. These are the good times and memories that your children will carry with them forever and can even help them deal with more challenging times in their lives.(家庭棋盘之夜或周五晚上去冰淇淋店吃甜点都是很好的例子。这些都是美好的时光和回忆，你的孩子将永远带在身边，甚至可以帮助他们应对生活中更有挑战性的时刻) ”可知这些美好的时光和回忆都是关于家的，所以选项D“乐趣还有助于建立重要的家庭传统”符合题意，下文的“Family board game night or a trip to the ice cream shop for Friday night dessert(家庭棋盘游戏之夜或者周五晚上去冰淇淋店吃甜点)”就是家庭传统的两个例子。故选D。
【18题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“The more time a family takes to have fun and enjoy life, the more the kids can discover. Even something as simple as going for a walk can reveal something new. (一个家庭花在娱乐和享受生活上的时间越多，孩子们就能发现的越多。即使是像散步这样简单的事情也能揭示一些新的东)”可知家庭成员在一起玩可以拓展孩子们的思维，故选项A“它能拓展思维。”符合题意，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据本段小标题“It promotes social skills. (它能锻炼社交技能) ”和空前“The ability to have fun and be fun is an attractive personality trait that children can benefit from in social interactions.( 快乐和有趣的能力是一种有吸引力的性格特征，孩子们可以从社会互动中受益)”可知家庭成员在一起玩可以锻炼孩子的社交能力，故选项E“它帮助孩子们建立社交技能来交朋友或处理新情况”紧密承接上文，符合本段主旨，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Examples of these social cues include knowing when they’ve gone too far or when someone else is no longer having fun.( 这些社交暗示的例子包括知道自己什么时候做得太过分了，或者知道别人什么时候玩的不开心)”可知，家人一起玩乐会帮助孩子做准备，让他们知道遇到别的事情该如何沟通和处理，故选项G“当孩子们准备去做别的事情时，他们也能成功地交流”符合题意，紧扣上文，故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 16 I wrote a bucket list. This was a list of things that I wanted to do in my lifetime. One of the things on my bucket list was to do a(n) ___21___ .
Two years ago I spent three months traveling around South America. We ___22___ so many places and it was a great experience. One of the most ___23___things we saw was Iguassu Falls. The day after we visited the waterfalls we were ___24___ in a hotel in Brazil, having breakfast. My friend then suddenly ___25___ an ad on the wall saying “Skydive over Iguassu Falls today!” We looked at each other and decided it was time to do something ___26___ . Today would be the day that we would jump out of a ___27___ .
That afternoon we were picked up and taken to the Skydive Center. We put on our gear (装备) and we were given some ___28___ . After signing a few papers we were on our way to the plane! There were 14 of us in a very small space as we took off into the ___29___ . This is when my heart started to ___30___ very fast.
Suddenly we were 3,000 meters above the ground. ___31___ , I was attached to an instructor so I didn’t have to worry about anything; I just had to ___32___ myself. He asked me if I was ___33___ to fall from the plane, but before I had time to ___34___ , I felt the wind rushing against my face as we fell to the ground at 200 kilometers an hour! Everything below me looked so small and my ___35___ was literally taken away.
After about 20 seconds of ___36___ , the parachute (降落伞) opened and everything ___37___ . We floated peacefully toward Earth, leaving the clouds behind us.
This was definitely one of the scariest but most ___38___ experiences of my life. The feeling of falling from so high is amazing. I would definitely do another skydive if I had the opportunity. I would also love to try other ___39___ sports such as bungee jumping (蹦极). I think that everyone should do something that ___40___ them once in a while!
21. A. experiment B. research C. dive D. skydive
22. A. left B. passed C. visited D. missed
23. A. important B. shocking C. amazing D. different
24. A. reading B. working C. hiding D. relaxing
25. A. noticed B. recognized C. remembered D. reviewed
26. A. beautiful B. crazy C. strange D. funny
27. A. ship B. car C. train D. plane
28. A. tests B. warnings C. instructions D. lectures
29. A. air B. water C. space D. forest
30. A. sink B. knock C. hit D. beat
31. A. Hopefully B. Eventually C. Initially D. Luckily
32. A. protect B. comfort C. enjoy D. behave
33. A. able B. ready C. likely D. free
34. A. check B. inquire C. answer D. argue
35. A. breath B. mind C. attention D. heart
36. A. flying B. falling C. rising D. shaking
37. A. went away B. came to life C. slowed down D. sped up
38. A. inspiring B. exciting C. annoying D. exhausting
39. A. extreme B. field C. strength D. team
40. A. bothers B. scares C. motivates D. satisfies
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者记叙了自己一次跳伞的经历，作者认为这是生命中最恐怖但也是最激动人心的经历之一。每个人都应该偶尔做一些让自己害怕的事情。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遗愿清单上的一件事就是做一次高空跳伞。A. experiment实验；B. research研究；C. dive潜水；D. skydive跳伞。根据后文“Skydive over Iguassu Falls today!”可知作者想要跳伞。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们参观了很多地方，这是一次很棒的经历。A. left离开；B. passed通过；C. visited参观；D. missed错过。根据上文“Two years ago I spent three months traveling around South America.”可知指他们在旅游的时候参观了很多地方。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看到的最神奇的事情之一是伊瓜苏瀑布。A. important重要的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. amazing令人惊奇的；D. different不同的。根据后文“things we saw was Iguassu Falls”可知，看到伊瓜苏瀑布是最神奇的事情之一。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：参观瀑布的第二天，我们在巴西的一家酒店里吃早餐，放松一下。A. reading阅读；B. working工作；C. hiding隐藏；D. relaxing放松。根据后文“in a hotel in Brazil, having breakfast”指他们在酒店吃早餐放松。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我的朋友突然注意到墙上的一则广告，上面写着“今天从伊瓜苏瀑布跳伞!”A. noticed注意到；B. recognized识别；C. remembered记得；D. reviewed回顾。根据后文“an ad on the wall”指朋友注意到墙上的广告。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们面面相觑，决定是时候做点疯狂的事了。A. beautiful美丽的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. strange奇怪的；D. funny有趣的。他们临时决定去跳伞，所以是疯狂的事情。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天将是我们从飞机上跳下来的日子。A. ship船；B. car汽车；C. train火车；D. plane飞机。根据后文“After signing a few papers we were on our way to the plane!”指从飞机上跳伞。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们穿上装备，得到了一些指导。A. tests测试；B. warnings警告；C. instructions指导；D. lectures演讲。根据常识，此处指得到跳伞的指导。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们起飞时，有14个人在一个很小的空间里。A. air空中；B. water水；C. space空间；D. forest森林。他们要从飞机上跳伞，所以是指起飞，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我心脏开始跳得很快。A. sink下沉；B. knock敲打；C. hit打击；D. beat跳动。根据上文“my heart started to”表示心跳得很快，应用beat。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我有一个教练，所以我不必担心任何事情；我只需要玩得开心。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Eventually终于；C. Initially首先；D. Luckily幸运地。根据后文“I was tied to an instructor”作者庆幸自己有教练。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，我有一个教练，所以我不必担心任何事情；我只需要玩得开心。A. protect保护；B. comfort安慰；C. enjoy欣赏；D. behave行为。上文“I didn’t have to worry about anything”提到作者什么也不用担心，所以只需要玩得高兴，短语为enjoy oneself。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他问我是否做好了从飞机上下落的准备，但我还没来得及回答，我们以每小时200公里的速度降落在地面上，我感到风在拍打着我的脸！A. able能够的；B. ready准备好的；C. likely可能的；D. free免费的。根据后文“to fall from the plane”指准备好从飞机上下落的准备。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问我是否做好了从飞机上下落的准备，但我还没来得及回答，我们以每小时200公里的速度降落在地面上，我感到风在拍打着我的脸！A. check检查；B. inquire询问；C. answer回答；D. argue争论。根据上文“ He asked me if ”可知，此处指作者还没来得及回答教练的问题，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：脚下的一切都显得那么渺小，我简直无法呼吸。A. breath呼吸；B. mind思维；C. attention注意力；D. heart心。根据后文“was simply taken away”指作者在跳伞过程中无法呼吸，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下落大约20秒后，降落伞打开，一切都慢了下来。A. flying飞行；B. falling下落；C. rising上升；D. shaking摇晃。呼应上文“we fell to the ground at 200 kilometers an hour”指下落了20秒，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：下落大约20秒后，降落伞打开，一切都慢了下来。A. went away离开；B. came to life苏醒；C. slowed down减慢；D. sped up加速。根据后文“We floated peacefully”可知降落伞减缓了下落速度。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是我生命中最恐怖但也是最激动人心的经历之一。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. annoying恼火的；D. exhausting令人疲惫的。根据后文“The feeling of falling from so high is amazing.”可知作者觉得这是最恐怖但也是最激动人心的经历之一。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢尝试其他极限运动，比如蹦极。A. extreme极端；B. field领域；C. strength力量；D. team队伍。根据后文“sports such as bungee jumping”指尝试其他极限运动，比如蹦极。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为每个人都应该偶尔做一些让自己害怕的事情。A. bothers麻烦；B. scares使害怕；C. motivates刺激；D. satisfies牺牲。根据上文可知，极限运动使人害怕，作者认为每个人都应该偶尔做一些让自己害怕的事情。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the Chinese lunar calendar, Sanfu, also called the dog days, refers to the three 10-day periods that are predicted to be the ___41___(hot) days of the year, which are called Toufu, Zhongfu and Mofu.
Sanfu usually comes between mid-July to mid-August. It is said that ___42___ (receive) Sanfutie during the hottest summer days is ___43___ (benefit) for our health. Many people regard it ___44___ an effective solution for winter ills in summer. The treatment is based on the principle of yin and yang, ___45___ believes the balance of both elements in the body is vital for good health.
People eat differently in this period of time. When the dog days come, people tend ___46___ (lose) their appetites, and jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, can refresh people’s feelings toward food. Actually jiaozi is an all-time classic, which people eat at Liqiu, the start of autumn, and Dongzhi, the start of winter. The second phase of Sanfu is ___47___ (traditional) a time for consuming noodles because it ___48___ (believe) to help people sweat and ___49___ (relief) internal heat. As Mofu comes, the weather turns cool, and _____50_____ is easy to get cold if a person keeps eating noodles in sweat. People, especially those living in North China, prefer the Chinese egg pancake by custom.
【答案】41. hottest
42. receiving
43. beneficial
44. as 45. which
46. to lose
47. traditionally
48. is believed
49. relieve
50. it
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的“三伏天”以及相关的习俗。
【41题详解】
考查最高级。句意：在中国农历中，三伏天，也被称为 the dog days，指的是预计一年中最热的三个10天，分别被称为“头伏天”、“中伏天”和“末伏天”。根据上文定冠词以及句意“最热的”可知应用最高级hottest。故填hottest。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据说在最热的夏天用三伏帖对我们的健康有益。作从句的主语，应用动名词形式。故填receiving。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：据说在最热的夏天用三伏帖对我们的健康有益。作表语，应用形容词beneficial。故填beneficial。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：许多人认为这是夏季治疗冬病的有效方法。短语regard as表示“把......视为”。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种疗法基于阴阳原理，认为身体中两种元素的平衡对身体健康至关重要。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the principle of yin and yang，在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当三伏天到来时，人们往往会失去食欲，而饺子或煮熟的饺子可以刷新人们对食物的感觉。此处为短语tend to表示“往往……”。故填to lose。
【47题详解】
考查副词。句意：传统上，三伏年的第二阶段是吃面条的时间，因为人们认为面条可以帮助人们排汗和解暑。修饰句子应用副词traditionally，作状语。故填traditionally。
【48题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：传统上，三伏年的第二阶段是吃面条的时间，因为人们认为面条可以帮助人们排汗和解暑。表示“据信”短语为it be believed to，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语用单数。故填is believed。
【49题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：传统上，三伏年的第二阶段是吃面条的时间，因为人们认为面条可以帮助人们排汗和解暑。此处为短语help sb. do sth.短语，表示“帮助某人做某事”。故填relieve。
【50题详解】
考查代词。句意：末伏来了，天气变凉了，如果一个人一直冒着汗吃面条，很容易感冒。此处为it be adj.to do sth.句型，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语，故填it。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Saturday, the members of the Students’ Union showed exchange students studied in our school around the local History Museum.
The students gathered at the school gate at 8:30 am, and then take a bus to the museum, where they showed great interest in the development of their city. They watched videos about local history and admired the treasure from different periods at the moment they arrived. The exchange students were amazing at the ancient objects displayed and deep impressed by the members’ vivid description.
The visit was great success. Not only did it helped the exchange students learn more about China, and it also helped promote friendship between Chinese students and exchange students.
【答案】1.studied→studying
2.take→took
3.their→our
4.treasure→treasures
5.删除at
6.amazing→amazed
7.deep→deeply
8.was后添加a
9.helped→help
10.and→but
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了交换生参观当地历史博物馆的事情。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：上周六，学生会成员带领在我校学习的交换生参观了当地的历史博物馆。分析句子结构可知study与students构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故studied改为studying。
2.考查时态。句意：学生们上午8:30在校门口集合，然后乘公共汽车去博物馆，在那里他们对城市的发展表现出极大的兴趣。根据上文“The students gathered at the school gate at 8:30 am, and”可知为一般过去时。故take改为took。
3.考查代词。句意：学生们上午8:30在校门口集合，然后乘公共汽车去博物馆，在那里他们对城市的发展表现出极大的兴趣。此处指作者“我们的城市”应用代词our。故their改为our。
4.考查名词的数。句意：他们观看了有关当地历史的视频，并在到达的那一刻欣赏了不同时期的珍宝。treasure为可数名词，根据后文“from different periods”可知为复数形式。故treasure改为treasures。
5.考查状语从句。句意：他们观看了有关当地历史的视频，并在到达的那一刻欣赏了不同时期的珍宝。引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”应用the moment。故删除at。
6.考查形容词。句意：交换生对展出的古物赞叹不已，并对会员生动的描述印象深刻。修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词amazed，故amazing改为amazed。
7.考查副词。句意：交换生对展出的古物赞叹不已，并对会员生动的描述印象深刻。修饰动词impressed应用副词deeply，故deep改为deeply。
8.考查冠词。句意：这次访问非常成功。success为抽象名词具体化，表示“一次成功的事情”为泛指且great是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故was后添加a。
9.考查倒装句。句意：这不仅帮助了交换生更多地了解中国，也促进了中国学生和交换生之间的友谊。此处为部分倒装，前面助动词did体现了时态，动词应用原形。故helped改为help。
10.考查固定句型。句意：这不仅帮助了交换生更多地了解中国，也促进了中国学生和交换生之间的友谊。表示“不仅……而且……”句型为not only…but also…。故and改为but。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 请发挥想象，憧憬未来，写一篇短文，描述五年后的你的学习、工作或生活。词数100左右。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
My dream is to become a teacher in the future. In 2027, most probably I will graduate from a good normal university and work as an English teacher in a top high school of my hometown.
Life will be fulfilling and challenging. Every day I stay with my students, teaching them knowledge, correcting their papers and helping them solve problems and so on. Some students are cute. Some are naughty, on whom I focus more attention. Anyway, we get along well with each other and my students make great progress with my help.
What a fascinating life I will have! I am looking forward to that day.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生请发挥想象，憧憬未来，写一篇短文，描述五年后自己的学习、工作或生活
【详解】1.词汇积累
可能地：probably→possibly
好的：good → excellent
集中：focus on→concentrate on
期待：look forward to→expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：My dream is to become a teacher in the future.
拓展句：My dream is to become a teacher in the future, which has been my wish for a long time.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Every day I stay with my students, teaching them knowledge, correcting their papers and helping them solve problems and so on. （运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】 Some are naughty, on whom I focus more attention. （运用了介词+关系代词引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CCBAA 6-10 BACAB 11-15 CBCBA 16-20 BCABC
南昌市三校(一中、十中、铁一中)高三上学期第一次联考
英语试题
考试时长：120分钟 试卷总分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What kind of life is the man expecting this weekend?
A. A busy one. B. A colorful one. C. A relaxing one.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a clothing shop. C. In the woman’s house.
3. What is the woman worried about?
A. She won’t go back until midnight.
B. Her son might be caught in the storm.
C. Her friend can’t receive her message.
4. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Balance study and voluntary work.
B. Work at the community part-time.
C. Stick to her weekly schedule.
5. When did the woman get off work yesterday?
A. At 6:00 pm. B. At 8:00 pm. C. At 9:00 pm.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man say about Vivian’s car?
A. It’s dangerous to drive. B. It won’t cost much to repair. C. It’s a bit small for her.
7. What does the man offer to do for Vivian?
A. Give her a ride home. B. Lend her some money. C. Help fix her car.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man plan to do tomorrow?
A. Go fishing. B. Attend a party. C. Do some shopping.
9. What will the speakers buy for their grandfather?
A. A fishing pole. B. A camera. C. A bag.
10. How soon will the sporting goods store open?
A. In 10 minutes. B. In half an hour. C. In an hour.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How many people will have dinner together?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Six.
12. What does the man complain about?
A. It’s unable to sit together. B. It’s hard to see the band. C. It’s too noisy near the stage.
13. Who is the woman?
A. A manager. B. A musician. C. A waitress.
听第9段材料，回答第 14 至17 题。
14. What did Kayla help Megan with?
A. A presentation. B. Last month’s schedule. C. An important project.
15. Why does the man talk to Kayla?
A. To give her a promotion. B. To discuss a new project. C. To criticize her performance.
16. What is Gary’s plan?
A. Taking early retirement. B. Starting his own business. C. Joining another company.
17. How does Kayla feel at the end of the conversation?
A. Disappointed. B. Nervous. C. Happy.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does the speaker remind people to do?
A. Buy extra food and water. B. Work from home for two weeks.
C. Leave the area as soon as possible.
19. What season is it now probably?
A Spring. B. Summer. C. Winter.
20. What is the main topic of the talk?
A. The change of the seasons. B. The course of the hurricane.
C. The measures to cope with bad weather.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Scholarships for the Class of 2022
Applying for scholarships in your senior year is a number game, and the more scholarships you apply for, the better your chance of winning.
O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship
Deadline: Varied.
Award Amount: $1,000 for each winner
O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship is available to female high school seniors who plan to enroll full-time in a four-year undergraduate program. You must have a minimum GPA of 3.2 and demonstrate your financial need.
Paradigm Challenge
Deadline: 5/01/2022
Award Amount: $1,000 for five winners
Paradigm Challenge is open to students up to the age of 18. You may work in a team or alone in creating an original and creative way to help solve real-life problems in homes schools, communities, or around the world. Entries may come in the form of posters, videos, inventions, messages, community events, websites, mobile apps, or anything else that will help save lives.
Additionally, you must submit a brief statement of your idea (no more than 140 characters).
Don’t Text & Drive Scholarship
Deadline: 3/01/22
Award Amount: $5,000 for two winners
Don’t Text & Drive Scholarship is available to high school, undergraduate or graduate students. You must be a U.S. citizen or a legal resident and complete a short statement about your choice in order to qualify for this award.
“A Voice for Cats” Essay Contest Scholarship
Deadline: 7/01/2022
Award Amount: $1,000 for each winner
“A Voice for Cats” Essay Contest Scholarship is open to students who are entering college or currently enrolled in college. You must have a background of volunteering or working at an animal rescue organization for at least 20 hours and submit an essay of between 300 and 500 words on feline (猫科动物的) welfare and the humane treatment of cats.
1. Who is O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship intended for?
A. Undergraduate exchange students. B. Part-time graduate students.
C. Female high school seniors. D. Poor pupils failing to afford education.
2. What will result in disqualification for the Paradigm Challenge?
A. Having no teammates. B. Showing less interest in charity activities.
C. Being inactive in community events. D. Submitting the statement on May 3rd, 2022.
3. Which of the following offers an individual the highest scholarship?
A. Paradigm Challenge. B. O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship.
C. Don’t Text & Drive Scholarship. D. “A Voice for Cats” Essay Contest Scholarship.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个申请奖学金的项目的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship部分中“O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship is available to female high school seniors who plan to enroll full-time in a four-year undergraduate program.(O Wines for Success奖学金提供给计划全日制读四年制本科的高中三年级女生)”可知，O Wines for Success奖学金的对象是女高中生。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Paradigm Challenge部分中“Deadline: 5/01/22(截止日期：2022年5月1日)”可知，在2022年5月3日提交声明会导致Paradigm Challenge被取消资格。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，O Wines Opportunity for Success Scholarship每位获奖者1000美元；Paradigm Challenge五位获奖者1000美元；Don’t Text & Drive Scholarship两位获奖者5000美元；“A Voice for Cats” Essay Contest Scholarship每位获奖者1000美元。故Don’t Text & Drive Scholarship提供个人最高奖学金。故选C。
B
Most boyhood dreams are never realized, particularly if you grew up in the 1960s and desired to become Tarzan of the Apes. But that is not the case for young Fred Bercovitch. His dream of swinging from jungle vines (藤蔓) and communicating with chimps and elephants began when he read Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Tarzan books. These books attracted him to the jungles of Africa and eventually brought him before a United Nations conference where he advocated helping save giraffes.
Bercovitch answered the call of the wild in 1978. He flew to Kenya to live close to a group of olive baboons (狒狒), which he hoped would result in a doctoral paper about their reproduction. Denise, his classmate, accompanied him. Their two-year adventure in the wild resulted in a Ph.D. in biological anthropology (人类学) from UC, Los Angeles for Bercovitch and some astonishing stories.
It was his time at the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance that brought him worldwide recognition when a study he conducted was featured as one of the Top 100 Science Stories of 2002 by the magazine Discover. As head of the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance’s Behavioral Biology Division, he documented the social habits of giraffes. “We found giraffes behaved pretty much like people who attend parties. Some talked to a few friends, some enjoyed communicating with strangers, and others were looking for pleasure together,” said Bercovitch.
To confirm that giraffes behave in the same way in the wild, Bercovitch flew to Zambia and consulted with a researcher with 30 years of data on giraffes. He ran the researcher’s data through a complex computer program and confirmed giraffes’ social preferences are the same in the wild as they are kept in a limited space.
As a professor at Kyoto University since 2010, Bercovitch has published more than 150 scientific papers in an effort to advance the understanding of animals. He wishes for a better world for humans and animals to live in, which is far less violent.
4. What was young Fred Bercovitch’s dream?
A. Saving giraffes. B. Working for the UN.
C. Exploring the wildlife in the jungle. D. Writing books about animals.
5. How did Fred Bercovitch complete his doctoral paper?
A. By conducting a field study. B. By performing lab experiments.
C. By referring to previous documents. D. By turning to biological anthropology professors.
6. What can be known about giraffes from Bercovitch’s research?
A. They are socially active. B. They show a gift for self-defense.
C. They prefer to live in a limited space. D. They are strict followers of social rules.
7. What would be the best title for the text?
A. The charm of the jungles of Africa B. The key to amazing academic success
C. Fred Bercovitch’s adventure in the wild D. Fred Bercovitch’s devotion to his childhood dream
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Fred Bercovitch坚持少时的梦想，致力于研究野生动物并取得了不错的成就。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“His dream of swinging from jungle vines (藤蔓) and communicating with chimps and elephants began when he read Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Tarzan books. These books attracted him to the jungles of Africa and eventually brought him before a United Nations conference where he advocated helping save giraffes.(当他读了埃德加·赖斯·巴勒斯的《人猿泰山》之后，他开始梦想在丛林藤蔓上荡秋千，与黑猩猩和大象交流。这些书把他吸引到非洲的丛林，并最终使他参加了一个联合国会议，在那里他倡导帮助拯救长颈鹿)”可知，年轻的弗雷德·伯科维奇的梦想是探索丛林中的野生动物。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Their two-year adventure in the wild resulted in a Ph.D. in biological anthropology (人类学) from UC, Los Angeles for Bercovitch and some astonishing stories.(他们在野外的两年探险让Bercovitch获得了加州大学洛杉矶分校的生物人类学博士学位，并讲述了一些令人震惊的故事)”可知，弗雷德·伯科维奇通过实地考察完成他的博士论文。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“We found giraffes behaved pretty much like people who attend parties. Some talked to a few friends, some enjoyed communicating with strangers, and others were looking for pleasure together(我们发现长颈鹿的行为和参加派对的人很像。一些人和几个朋友聊天，一些人喜欢和陌生人交流，还有一些人在一起寻找乐趣)”可知，从Bercovitch的研究中我们可以了解到长颈鹿在社交上很活跃。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Most boyhood dreams are never realized, particularly if you grew up in the 1960s and desired to become Tarzan of the Apes. But that is not the case for young Fred Bercovitch.(大多数童年的梦想永远不会实现，尤其是如果你成长在20世纪60年代，渴望成为人猿泰山。但年轻的弗雷德·伯科维奇却不是这样)”结合文章主要讲述了Fred Bercovitch坚持年少时的梦想，致力于研究野生动物并取得了不错的成就。故D选项“弗雷德·伯科维奇对童年梦想的执着”最符合文章标题。故选D。
C
The “butterfly effect” may have it all wrong. Instead of a single insect’s wing flap setting off a distant tornado weeks later, rain in sub-Saharan Africa can lead to more wing-flapping butterflies in southern Europe the next spring, a new study finds.
Orange with black and white wing tips, the painted lady is one of the planet’s most widespread butterflies, living on every continent except Antarctica and South America. Populations reach tens of millions in Europe alone. Like the monarch butterfly, the painted lady undertakes impressive annual migrations; its round-trip journeys of some 12,000 to 14,000 kilometers reach from sub-Saharan Africa to Scandinavia and back again. It is one of the longest known annual insect migrations. “But this migration is strange, with the number of immigrant insects arriving in Europe sometimes varying greatly year over year, which has confused naturalists for generations,” says ecologist Richard Fox.
Adult painted ladies only live about 2 weeks, so the butterflies’ migrations are multi-generational affairs. Experts have long suspected variations in spring numbers in the Mediterranean occur because conditions farther south have affected the breeding success of an earlier generation. To see whether that’s true, Jason Chapman and his colleagues collected 21 years’ worth of butterfly observations from West Africa to Western Europe. The researchers found that the butterflies’ spring numbers in Europe are heavily influenced by the amount of monsoon (雨季) rainfall in western sub-Saharan Africa in the previous summer and fall.
More rain there, they found, leads to flooding, which fuels plants that emerging larvae(幼虫) feast on in the winter. Wet years appear to have produced European butterfly booms in 2009, 2015, and this year. Spring plants amount in northwestern Africa can also affect the numbers of the painted ladies; the butterflies make some stops in the region on the way to Europe.
The findings help scientists know what a changing climate could mean to the insects, according to ecologist Constanti Stefanescu. “Now that researchers have taken some mystery out of the insects’ northward migration, one remaining puzzle is how they manage to survive their return journey southward at the end of the summer,” says another ecologist, Chris Thomas.
8. Which of the following agrees with painted ladies’ living habits?
A. They have a long annual migration route.
B. They are equally distributed around the world.
C. They flap their wings more frequently than other butterflies.
D. They share a migration time similar to the monarch butterflies’.
9. What drove the naturalists to carry out the study?
A. Short lifespan of the butterflies.
B. Migration route of the butterflies.
C. Returning time of the butterflies after the migration.
D. Changing populations of the immigrant butterflies in Europe.
10. How does more rain increase the population of European butterflies?
A. By making the air fresh. B. By providing enough food.
C. By providing safe habitats. D. By lowering the local temperature.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. There’s more to be learned about the painted lady.
B. It is a mystery how the painted lady survives summers.
C. It’s necessary to help the painted lady find its way home.
D. It’s hard for the painted lady to survive in its return migration.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了彩蝶的生活习性以及对这种昆虫的一些研究发现。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Like the monarch butterfly, the painted lady undertakes impressive annual migrations; its round-trip journeys of some 12,000 to 14,000 kilometers reach from sub-Saharan Africa to Scandinavia and back again. It is one of the longest known annual insect migrations.(和黑脉金斑蝶一样，彩蝶每年都要进行令人印象深刻的迁徙；从撒哈拉以南非洲到斯堪的纳维亚半岛再返回的往返行程约为1.2万至1.4万公里。这是已知的最长的昆虫年度迁徙之一)”可知，彩蝶的迁徙路线很长。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““But this migration is strange, with the number of immigrant insects arriving in Europe sometimes varying greatly year over year, which has confused naturalists for generations,” says ecologist Richard Fox.(生态学家理查德·福克斯说：“但是这种迁徙很奇怪，到达欧洲迁徙昆虫的数量有时每年都有很大的变化，这让几代博物学家感到困惑。”)”可知，欧洲迁徙蝴蝶数量的变化促使博物学家进行这项研究。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“More rain there, they found, leads to flooding, which fuels plants that emerging larvae(幼虫) feast on in the winter.(他们发现，那里的雨水越多，就会导致洪水泛滥，而洪水会为植物提供燃料，这些植物会在冬季为新出现的幼虫提供食物)”可知，更多的雨水提供足够的食物，从而增加欧洲蝴蝶的数量。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Now that researchers have taken some mystery out of the insects’ northward migration, one remaining puzzle is how they manage to survive their return journey southward at the end of the summer,” says another ecologist, Chris Thomas.( 另一位生态学家Chris Thomas说：“现在，研究人员已经揭开了昆虫向北迁徙的一些谜团，剩下的一个谜团是，它们是如何在夏末返回南方的旅程中幸存下来的。”)”可推知，关于彩蝶还有很多需要了解的。故选A。
D
When we want to communicate with another person, we generally use our voice, such as speaking or shouting. They are great ways to communicate, but they have some drawbacks.
For instance, if you live on a mountainside and your friend lives on another mountainside, shouting to each other isn’t always that effective. Shouting creates lots of echoes (回声) among the corners and holes of mountains, and the average outdoor range of an understandable human voice is only about 180 meters. Unless you walk over to where your friend lives to carry on a conversation at a reasonable speaking distance, or communicate by some sort of visual technique like smoke signals, there’s not much to be done except whistle (吹口哨).
Whistling is the product of air being forced through a small hole made by your lips. A whistle is different from your voice because it’s clear, and the frequency is high. The sound of a whistle can carry for over 8 kilometers and it holds its form, while a shout can become a mess because of the echoes.
For thousands of years, humans have relied on spoken language to accomplish daily, face-to-face communication most of the time. And in recent years, the coming of text messaging has also made whistled languages take a dive worldwide. Luckily, there are still over 70 groups around the world that engage in special whistled languages.
They’re most commonly found in mountainous regions where farmers need to pass messages around without walking up and down hills, and whistles are also used to communicate through the thick Amazon rainforest and are useful to Inuit at sea as well. Hunters can use whistling to communicate with each other in a way that doesn’t alarm their targets as the voice-produced language might.
Whistled languages are unique to a certain area and they are not distinct from spoken language. However, whistled language speakers around the world are found to be able to understand about 90 percent of what’s communicated. When whistled languages are still present, it signals that traditional activities are still commonly practiced and therefore the cultures behind them have been maintained.
12. What does the author want to express in the first two paragraphs?
A. Reasons for producing echoes outdoors.
B. The difficulty of living on the mountainside.
C. The necessity of adopting face-to-face communication.
D. Limitations of communicating by speaking or shouting.
13. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Stay adaptable. B. Become influential.
C. Get an improvement. D. Experience a decline.
14. How does the author prove whistled languages useful?
A. By providing research results. B. By listing the statistic data.
C. By giving examples. D. By doing some questionnaires.
15. What can be learned about whistled languages?
A. They will disappear gradually.
B. They could help keep traditional cultures alive.
C. They are independent of the local spoken language.
D. They become much more complex as time goes by.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类在交流中使用声音的局限性，说明了口哨语言的特点和应用场景，以及口哨语言的保护与传承。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“They are great ways to communicate, but they have some drawbacks.(它们是很好的交流方式，但也有一些缺点。)”以及第二段中“For instance, if you live on a mountainside and your friend lives on another mountainside, shouting to each other isn’t always that effective. (例如，如果你住在山腰上，而你的朋友住在另一个山腰上，对彼此大声喊叫并不总是那么有效。)”可知，第一段主要介绍说话和大喊这种交流方式是很有效的，可是也有一些缺点，第二段通过举例子来说明说话和大喊这种交流方式的缺点。故D选项“Limitations of communicating by speaking or shouting.(通过说话或喊叫来交流的局限性。)”概括第一段和第二段的内容。故选D。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词前面的句子“For thousands of years, humans have relied on spoken language to accomplish daily, face-to-face communication most of the time. (几千年来，人类大部分时间都依靠口语来完成日常面对面的交流。)”以及划线词的句子“And in recent years, the coming of text messaging has also made whistled languages take a dive worldwide.(近年来，短信的出现也使口哨语言在全球范围内take a dive)”可知，由于人们在日常生活中都是靠口语来进行面对面交流的，即口语交流是主要的交流方式，同时即使不在面对面的交流人们使用的是短信的交流，由此这些交流方式都使得口哨语言交流是在不断下降的。故划线词与D选项“Experience a decline. (经历衰退。)”为同义词。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“They’re most commonly found in mountainous regions where farmers need to pass messages around without walking up and down hills, and whistles are also used to communicate through the thick Amazon rainforest and are useful to Inuit at sea as well. (它们最常见于山区，那里的农民需要传递信息，而不必在山上走来走去。口哨也被用来在茂密的亚马逊雨林中交流，对因纽特人在海上也很有用。)”可知，作者在本段中以举例子的方式（亚马逊雨林中以及因纽特人在海上都是用口哨交流）来证明口哨交流是有用的。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When whistled languages are still present, it signals that traditional activities are still commonly practiced and therefore the cultures behind them have been maintained.(当口哨语言仍然存在时，它表明传统活动仍然普遍进行，因此其背后的文化得到了维护。)”可知，由于口哨语言的使用，其背后的文化得到了维护，因此它们可以帮助保持传统文化的活力。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In the mad rush of day-to-day living, we can often forget to find opportunities for our families to relax and have fun together. But having fun is an essential part of growing up. It’s also critical toward building a strong family. ____16____
It builds family bonds. The family that plays together stays together. Family bonds are built when you do something together that is simply fun. These bonds can last a lifetime. ____17____ Family board game night or a trip to the ice cream shop for Friday night dessert are excellent examples. These are the good times and memories that your children will carry with them forever and can even help them deal with more challenging times in their lives.
____18____ The more time a family takes to have fun and enjoy life, the more the kids can discover. Even something as simple as going for a walk can reveal something new. Family fun provides opportunities to mix in a little learning. Consider what you can discover from a family visit to a pond or by building a Lego metropolis together in the basement.
It promotes social skills. The ability to have fun and be fun is an attractive personality trait that children can benefit from in social interactions. ____19____ They will pick up more quickly on necessary social cues (线索) and will aid them throughout their lives. Examples of these social cues include knowing when they’ve gone too far or when someone else is no longer having fun. ____20____
A. It expands the mind.
B. It increases children’s creativity.
C. The following are why family bonds are important.
D. Fun also helps build important family traditions.
E. It helps children build social skills to make friends or deal with new situations.
F. Here are some more reasons why having fun together as a family is essential.
G. The children will also be able to successfully communicate when they’re ready to move
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述家庭成员在一起玩很重要，并解释其原因。
【16题详解】
根据上文“In the mad rush of day-to-day living, we can often forget to find opportunities for our families to relax and have fun together. But having fun is an essential part of growing up. It’s also critical toward building a strong family.(在繁忙的日常生活中，我们常常忘记找机会让家人一起放松和娱乐。但玩乐是成长过程中必不可少的一部分。这对建立一个强大的家庭也是至关重要的)”以及下文各个段首句可知，下文介绍的是家庭成员在一起玩很重要的原因，故选项F“这里有一些原因，为什么作为一个家庭一起玩是至关重要的”提出话题，符合题意，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Family board game night or a trip to the ice cream shop for Friday night dessert are excellent examples. These are the good times and memories that your children will carry with them forever and can even help them deal with more challenging times in their lives.(家庭棋盘之夜或周五晚上去冰淇淋店吃甜点都是很好的例子。这些都是美好的时光和回忆，你的孩子将永远带在身边，甚至可以帮助他们应对生活中更有挑战性的时刻) ”可知这些美好的时光和回忆都是关于家的，所以选项D“乐趣还有助于建立重要的家庭传统”符合题意，下文的“Family board game night or a trip to the ice cream shop for Friday night dessert(家庭棋盘游戏之夜或者周五晚上去冰淇淋店吃甜点)”就是家庭传统的两个例子。故选D。
【18题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“The more time a family takes to have fun and enjoy life, the more the kids can discover. Even something as simple as going for a walk can reveal something new. (一个家庭花在娱乐和享受生活上的时间越多，孩子们就能发现的越多。即使是像散步这样简单的事情也能揭示一些新的东)”可知家庭成员在一起玩可以拓展孩子们的思维，故选项A“它能拓展思维。”符合题意，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据本段小标题“It promotes social skills. (它能锻炼社交技能) ”和空前“The ability to have fun and be fun is an attractive personality trait that children can benefit from in social interactions.( 快乐和有趣的能力是一种有吸引力的性格特征，孩子们可以从社会互动中受益)”可知家庭成员在一起玩可以锻炼孩子的社交能力，故选项E“它帮助孩子们建立社交技能来交朋友或处理新情况”紧密承接上文，符合本段主旨，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Examples of these social cues include knowing when they’ve gone too far or when someone else is no longer having fun.( 这些社交暗示的例子包括知道自己什么时候做得太过分了，或者知道别人什么时候玩的不开心)”可知，家人一起玩乐会帮助孩子做准备，让他们知道遇到别的事情该如何沟通和处理，故选项G“当孩子们准备去做别的事情时，他们也能成功地交流”符合题意，紧扣上文，故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 16 I wrote a bucket list. This was a list of things that I wanted to do in my lifetime. One of the things on my bucket list was to do a(n) ___21___ .
Two years ago I spent three months traveling around South America. We ___22___ so many places and it was a great experience. One of the most ___23___things we saw was Iguassu Falls. The day after we visited the waterfalls we were ___24___ in a hotel in Brazil, having breakfast. My friend then suddenly ___25___ an ad on the wall saying “Skydive over Iguassu Falls today!” We looked at each other and decided it was time to do something ___26___ . Today would be the day that we would jump out of a ___27___ .
That afternoon we were picked up and taken to the Skydive Center. We put on our gear (装备) and we were given some ___28___ . After signing a few papers we were on our way to the plane! There were 14 of us in a very small space as we took off into the ___29___ . This is when my heart started to ___30___ very fast.
Suddenly we were 3,000 meters above the ground. ___31___ , I was attached to an instructor so I didn’t have to worry about anything; I just had to ___32___ myself. He asked me if I was ___33___ to fall from the plane, but before I had time to ___34___ , I felt the wind rushing against my face as we fell to the ground at 200 kilometers an hour! Everything below me looked so small and my ___35___ was literally taken away.
After about 20 seconds of ___36___ , the parachute (降落伞) opened and everything ___37___ . We floated peacefully toward Earth, leaving the clouds behind us.
This was definitely one of the scariest but most ___38___ experiences of my life. The feeling of falling from so high is amazing. I would definitely do another skydive if I had the opportunity. I would also love to try other ___39___ sports such as bungee jumping (蹦极). I think that everyone should do something that ___40___ them once in a while!
21. A. experiment B. research C. dive D. skydive
22. A. left B. passed C. visited D. missed
23. A. important B. shocking C. amazing D. different
24. A. reading B. working C. hiding D. relaxing
25. A. noticed B. recognized C. remembered D. reviewed
26. A. beautiful B. crazy C. strange D. funny
27. A. ship B. car C. train D. plane
28. A. tests B. warnings C. instructions D. lectures
29. A. air B. water C. space D. forest
30. A. sink B. knock C. hit D. beat
31. A. Hopefully B. Eventually C. Initially D. Luckily
32. A. protect B. comfort C. enjoy D. behave
33. A. able B. ready C. likely D. free
34. A. check B. inquire C. answer D. argue
35. A. breath B. mind C. attention D. heart
36. A. flying B. falling C. rising D. shaking
37. A. went away B. came to life C. slowed down D. sped up
38. A. inspiring B. exciting C. annoying D. exhausting
39. A. extreme B. field C. strength D. team
40. A. bothers B. scares C. motivates D. satisfies
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者记叙了自己一次跳伞的经历，作者认为这是生命中最恐怖但也是最激动人心的经历之一。每个人都应该偶尔做一些让自己害怕的事情。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遗愿清单上的一件事就是做一次高空跳伞。A. experiment实验；B. research研究；C. dive潜水；D. skydive跳伞。根据后文“Skydive over Iguassu Falls today!”可知作者想要跳伞。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们参观了很多地方，这是一次很棒的经历。A. left离开；B. passed通过；C. visited参观；D. missed错过。根据上文“Two years ago I spent three months traveling around South America.”可知指他们在旅游的时候参观了很多地方。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看到的最神奇的事情之一是伊瓜苏瀑布。A. important重要的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. amazing令人惊奇的；D. different不同的。根据后文“things we saw was Iguassu Falls”可知，看到伊瓜苏瀑布是最神奇的事情之一。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：参观瀑布的第二天，我们在巴西的一家酒店里吃早餐，放松一下。A. reading阅读；B. working工作；C. hiding隐藏；D. relaxing放松。根据后文“in a hotel in Brazil, having breakfast”指他们在酒店吃早餐放松。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我的朋友突然注意到墙上的一则广告，上面写着“今天从伊瓜苏瀑布跳伞!”A. noticed注意到；B. recognized识别；C. remembered记得；D. reviewed回顾。根据后文“an ad on the wall”指朋友注意到墙上的广告。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们面面相觑，决定是时候做点疯狂的事了。A. beautiful美丽的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. strange奇怪的；D. funny有趣的。他们临时决定去跳伞，所以是疯狂的事情。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天将是我们从飞机上跳下来的日子。A. ship船；B. car汽车；C. train火车；D. plane飞机。根据后文“After signing a few papers we were on our way to the plane!”指从飞机上跳伞。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们穿上装备，得到了一些指导。A. tests测试；B. warnings警告；C. instructions指导；D. lectures演讲。根据常识，此处指得到跳伞的指导。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们起飞时，有14个人在一个很小的空间里。A. air空中；B. water水；C. space空间；D. forest森林。他们要从飞机上跳伞，所以是指起飞，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我心脏开始跳得很快。A. sink下沉；B. knock敲打；C. hit打击；D. beat跳动。根据上文“my heart started to”表示心跳得很快，应用beat。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我有一个教练，所以我不必担心任何事情；我只需要玩得开心。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Eventually终于；C. Initially首先；D. Luckily幸运地。根据后文“I was tied to an instructor”作者庆幸自己有教练。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，我有一个教练，所以我不必担心任何事情；我只需要玩得开心。A. protect保护；B. comfort安慰；C. enjoy欣赏；D. behave行为。上文“I didn’t have to worry about anything”提到作者什么也不用担心，所以只需要玩得高兴，短语为enjoy oneself。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他问我是否做好了从飞机上下落的准备，但我还没来得及回答，我们以每小时200公里的速度降落在地面上，我感到风在拍打着我的脸！A. able能够的；B. ready准备好的；C. likely可能的；D. free免费的。根据后文“to fall from the plane”指准备好从飞机上下落的准备。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问我是否做好了从飞机上下落的准备，但我还没来得及回答，我们以每小时200公里的速度降落在地面上，我感到风在拍打着我的脸！A. check检查；B. inquire询问；C. answer回答；D. argue争论。根据上文“ He asked me if ”可知，此处指作者还没来得及回答教练的问题，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：脚下的一切都显得那么渺小，我简直无法呼吸。A. breath呼吸；B. mind思维；C. attention注意力；D. heart心。根据后文“was simply taken away”指作者在跳伞过程中无法呼吸，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下落大约20秒后，降落伞打开，一切都慢了下来。A. flying飞行；B. falling下落；C. rising上升；D. shaking摇晃。呼应上文“we fell to the ground at 200 kilometers an hour”指下落了20秒，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：下落大约20秒后，降落伞打开，一切都慢了下来。A. went away离开；B. came to life苏醒；C. slowed down减慢；D. sped up加速。根据后文“We floated peacefully”可知降落伞减缓了下落速度。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是我生命中最恐怖但也是最激动人心的经历之一。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. annoying恼火的；D. exhausting令人疲惫的。根据后文“The feeling of falling from so high is amazing.”可知作者觉得这是最恐怖但也是最激动人心的经历之一。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢尝试其他极限运动，比如蹦极。A. extreme极端；B. field领域；C. strength力量；D. team队伍。根据后文“sports such as bungee jumping”指尝试其他极限运动，比如蹦极。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为每个人都应该偶尔做一些让自己害怕的事情。A. bothers麻烦；B. scares使害怕；C. motivates刺激；D. satisfies牺牲。根据上文可知，极限运动使人害怕，作者认为每个人都应该偶尔做一些让自己害怕的事情。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the Chinese lunar calendar, Sanfu, also called the dog days, refers to the three 10-day periods that are predicted to be the ___41___(hot) days of the year, which are called Toufu, Zhongfu and Mofu.
Sanfu usually comes between mid-July to mid-August. It is said that ___42___ (receive) Sanfutie during the hottest summer days is ___43___ (benefit) for our health. Many people regard it ___44___ an effective solution for winter ills in summer. The treatment is based on the principle of yin and yang, ___45___ believes the balance of both elements in the body is vital for good health.
People eat differently in this period of time. When the dog days come, people tend ___46___ (lose) their appetites, and jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, can refresh people’s feelings toward food. Actually jiaozi is an all-time classic, which people eat at Liqiu, the start of autumn, and Dongzhi, the start of winter. The second phase of Sanfu is ___47___ (traditional) a time for consuming noodles because it ___48___ (believe) to help people sweat and ___49___ (relief) internal heat. As Mofu comes, the weather turns cool, and _____50_____ is easy to get cold if a person keeps eating noodles in sweat. People, especially those living in North China, prefer the Chinese egg pancake by custom.
【答案】41. hottest
42. receiving
43. beneficial
44. as 45. which
46. to lose
47. traditionally
48. is believed
49. relieve
50. it
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的“三伏天”以及相关的习俗。
【41题详解】
考查最高级。句意：在中国农历中，三伏天，也被称为 the dog days，指的是预计一年中最热的三个10天，分别被称为“头伏天”、“中伏天”和“末伏天”。根据上文定冠词以及句意“最热的”可知应用最高级hottest。故填hottest。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据说在最热的夏天用三伏帖对我们的健康有益。作从句的主语，应用动名词形式。故填receiving。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：据说在最热的夏天用三伏帖对我们的健康有益。作表语，应用形容词beneficial。故填beneficial。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：许多人认为这是夏季治疗冬病的有效方法。短语regard as表示“把......视为”。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种疗法基于阴阳原理，认为身体中两种元素的平衡对身体健康至关重要。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the principle of yin and yang，在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当三伏天到来时，人们往往会失去食欲，而饺子或煮熟的饺子可以刷新人们对食物的感觉。此处为短语tend to表示“往往……”。故填to lose。
【47题详解】
考查副词。句意：传统上，三伏年的第二阶段是吃面条的时间，因为人们认为面条可以帮助人们排汗和解暑。修饰句子应用副词traditionally，作状语。故填traditionally。
【48题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：传统上，三伏年的第二阶段是吃面条的时间，因为人们认为面条可以帮助人们排汗和解暑。表示“据信”短语为it be believed to，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语用单数。故填is believed。
【49题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：传统上，三伏年的第二阶段是吃面条的时间，因为人们认为面条可以帮助人们排汗和解暑。此处为短语help sb. do sth.短语，表示“帮助某人做某事”。故填relieve。
【50题详解】
考查代词。句意：末伏来了，天气变凉了，如果一个人一直冒着汗吃面条，很容易感冒。此处为it be adj.to do sth.句型，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语，故填it。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Saturday, the members of the Students’ Union showed exchange students studied in our school around the local History Museum.
The students gathered at the school gate at 8:30 am, and then take a bus to the museum, where they showed great interest in the development of their city. They watched videos about local history and admired the treasure from different periods at the moment they arrived. The exchange students were amazing at the ancient objects displayed and deep impressed by the members’ vivid description.
The visit was great success. Not only did it helped the exchange students learn more about China, and it also helped promote friendship between Chinese students and exchange students.
【答案】1.studied→studying
2.take→took
3.their→our
4.treasure→treasures
5.删除at
6.amazing→amazed
7.deep→deeply
8.was后添加a
9.helped→help
10.and→but
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了交换生参观当地历史博物馆的事情。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：上周六，学生会成员带领在我校学习的交换生参观了当地的历史博物馆。分析句子结构可知study与students构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故studied改为studying。
2.考查时态。句意：学生们上午8:30在校门口集合，然后乘公共汽车去博物馆，在那里他们对城市的发展表现出极大的兴趣。根据上文“The students gathered at the school gate at 8:30 am, and”可知为一般过去时。故take改为took。
3.考查代词。句意：学生们上午8:30在校门口集合，然后乘公共汽车去博物馆，在那里他们对城市的发展表现出极大的兴趣。此处指作者“我们的城市”应用代词our。故their改为our。
4.考查名词的数。句意：他们观看了有关当地历史的视频，并在到达的那一刻欣赏了不同时期的珍宝。treasure为可数名词，根据后文“from different periods”可知为复数形式。故treasure改为treasures。
5.考查状语从句。句意：他们观看了有关当地历史的视频，并在到达的那一刻欣赏了不同时期的珍宝。引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”应用the moment。故删除at。
6.考查形容词。句意：交换生对展出的古物赞叹不已，并对会员生动的描述印象深刻。修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词amazed，故amazing改为amazed。
7.考查副词。句意：交换生对展出的古物赞叹不已，并对会员生动的描述印象深刻。修饰动词impressed应用副词deeply，故deep改为deeply。
8.考查冠词。句意：这次访问非常成功。success为抽象名词具体化，表示“一次成功的事情”为泛指且great是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故was后添加a。
9.考查倒装句。句意：这不仅帮助了交换生更多地了解中国，也促进了中国学生和交换生之间的友谊。此处为部分倒装，前面助动词did体现了时态，动词应用原形。故helped改为help。
10.考查固定句型。句意：这不仅帮助了交换生更多地了解中国，也促进了中国学生和交换生之间的友谊。表示“不仅……而且……”句型为not only…but also…。故and改为but。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 请发挥想象，憧憬未来，写一篇短文，描述五年后的你的学习、工作或生活。词数100左右。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
My dream is to become a teacher in the future. In 2027, most probably I will graduate from a good normal university and work as an English teacher in a top high school of my hometown.
Life will be fulfilling and challenging. Every day I stay with my students, teaching them knowledge, correcting their papers and helping them solve problems and so on. Some students are cute. Some are naughty, on whom I focus more attention. Anyway, we get along well with each other and my students make great progress with my help.
What a fascinating life I will have! I am looking forward to that day.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生请发挥想象，憧憬未来，写一篇短文，描述五年后自己的学习、工作或生活
【详解】1.词汇积累
可能地：probably→possibly
好的：good → excellent
集中：focus on→concentrate on
期待：look forward to→expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：My dream is to become a teacher in the future.
拓展句：My dream is to become a teacher in the future, which has been my wish for a long time.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Every day I stay with my students, teaching them knowledge, correcting their papers and helping them solve problems and so on. （运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】 Some are naughty, on whom I focus more attention. （运用了介词+关系代词引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CCBAA 6-10 BACAB 11-15 CBCBA 16-20 BCABC
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