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山东省德州市2020年中考英语试题（含解析）
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这是一份山东省德州市2020年中考英语试题（含解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
德州市二O二O年初中学业水平考试
英 语 试 题
注意事项:
1.本试题共六个大题, 分选择题和非选择题两种类型; 选择题计80分, 非选择题计70分; 试卷总分150分, 考试时间120分钟。
2.考生应将答案全部答在答题卡上, 注意事项请参照答题卡要求。考试结束后, 试题和答题卡将一并收回。
一、听力测试 (每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)
(一) 录音中有五个句子, 每个句子听两遍，然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。
1. A. Good luck. B. Congratulations! C. Enjoy yourself,
2. A. Nice idea. B. It doesn't matter. C. This way, please.
3. A. Sounds boring. B. Well, I like both. C. Best wishes,
4. A. Have a nice day. B. Thank you. C. That's no excuse.
5. A. What a pity! B. Well done. C. I promise.
(二) 录音中有三个句子, 每个句子对应一幅图片, 每个句子听两遍，然后选择与句子内容相对应的图片。
6.___________ 7.__________ 8.___________
A. B. C.
(三) 录音中有五组对话，听对话两遍后，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
9. When was tea first discovered as a drink?
A. About 1,500 years ago. B. About 3,500 years ago. C. About 5.000 years ago.
10. What is the man's advice on reducing air pollution?
A. Riding a bike. B. Giving up smoking. C. Driving a car.
11. What's the name of the space station?
A. Tiangong. B. Chang'e C. Shenzhou.
12. Why did the car hit the walking man?
A. The driver drove too fast. B. The driver was tired and sleepy. C. The driver talked on his phone while driving.
13. How does the woman go to the hospital?
A. She walks there. B. She drives there herself. C. The man drives her there.
(四) 录音中有一段长对话, 听对话两遍后, 从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
14. What is the girl?
A. A student. B. A computer seller. C. A shop worker.
15. What does the girl plan to do this summer vacation?
A. Learn English. B. Do a part-time job. C. Go to high school.
16. Why does the girl need money?
A. To travel to Canada. B. To help her uncle. C. To buy a present.
17. What does the girl want to buy for her friend?
A. A watch. B. A computer. C. A bag.
(五) 录音中有三小段独白, 听独白两遍后, 根据独白内容, 将信息配对。
18. Olivia A. be interested in 5G technology and a smarter life
19. William B. like travelling and always want to see the sea
20. Alice C. love animals and try to help the homeless animals
(六) 听力填表 (共5小题; 录音播放前, 你有20秒钟的读题时间)。
学校做了一个关于初中生暑假期间是否可以独自外出游玩的词查问卷,请你认真听下面一段 radio report。了解调查结果和学校建议。听广播两后, 请你根据表格内容提示记录相关信息, 完成表格 (每空一词)
Could students go out alone during the summer vacation?
Pros(赞成)
Cons(反对)
Students
About 56% think it's 22 to go out alone.
/
Teachers
/
78% think students had better not go out a lone. They think it's 23 .
21
More than 24 agree that students are able to look after themselves.
/
Advice
If you have to go out alone, take a 25 with you.
二、阅读理解
阅读下列短文,然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
Li Shijin, 30, didn't expect to make a living through his voice.
Li began to work as a company salesman in Liaoning Province in 2012. He tried to find a part-time job as a wedding host to improve his confidence.
Around the spring festival in 2014, he started listening to audiobooks (音频书). After being a listener for two years, he decided to record himself reading books. Then, he posted his first audiobook Youth Will Not Return on Qingting in 2016. It was broadcast (广播) and listened to about 20 million times.
A year later, after he had read three audiobooks, he was signed up as a voice performer by Qingting. However, he was under great pressure (压力) when he was signed up by Qingting. "To improve my ability, I didn't sleep for more than five hours a day during that year. I had better results the following year. "Also, to improve his performance, Li attended a training course at Communication University of China to learn dubbing(配音) and how to write a play in 2018. So far, he has completed nearly 30 works on Qingting.
On the road to success, Li put a lot of effort. Many people tried to get a foothold (立足地) but failed, while he made it!
When talking about the secret of his success, he said, "Many people have good abilities and many work very hard, but they may fail. Early birds get worms. I believe they will get chances and succeed sooner or later if they hold on to their dreams and keep on trying."
1. Why did Li work as a wedding host?
A. To develop his interest B. To make a living. C. To make friends. D. To improve himself.
2. How did Li feel after being signed up by Qingting?
A. Happy. B. Sad. C. Worried. D. Lucky.
3. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Li succeeded easily. B. Li never failed.
C. Li succeeded through hard work. D. Li succeeded because of good luck.
4. Put the following into correct order according to the passage.
①Li posted his first audiobook.
② Li went to the university.
③Li started to listen to audiobooks.
④Li was signed up by Qingting.
A. ①②③④ B. ③①④② C. ③①②④ D. ④①②③
5. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. Chances favor (偏爱) the prepared mind.
C. Two heads are better than one. D. Time waits for no man.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B
【解析】
本文主要讲李从公司业务员，怎样经过自己不懈的努力与准备，最终成为一名成功的朗读者。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据上文He tried to find a part-time job as a wedding host to improve his confidence. 可知他兼职做婚礼主持人的目的是为了提高他的信心。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据上文However, he was under great pressure (压力) when he was signed up by Qingting. 然而，当他被《倾听》签约时，他承受到了巨大的压力，可知他很担心，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由最后两段On the road to success, Li put a lot of effort. he said, “Many people have good abilities and many work very hard, but they may fail. Early birds get worms”. 在成功的道路上，李先生付出了很多努力。他说：“许多人有很好的能力，许多人工作很努力，但他们可能会失败。早起的鸟儿有虫吃。”，由此可知他是通过努力取得了成功。故选C。
【4题详解】
推理判断题，根据本文写作顺序he started listening to audiobooks他开始听音频书 …Then, he posted his first audiobook Youth Will Not Return on Qingting in 2016. 2016年他在《倾听》发布了他的第一本有声读物《青春一去不复回》….he was signed up as a voice performer by Qingting他被《倾听》签约为一名语音表演者….Li attended a training course at Communication University of China to learn dubbing(配音) 李在中国传媒大学参加了一个培训课程学习配音。故选B。
【5题详解】
最佳标题题。A. 患难朋友才是真正的朋友；B. 机会偏爱有准备的头脑；C. 集思广益；D.时间不等人，本文主要讲李从公司业务员，怎样经过自己不懈的努力与准备，最终成为一名成功的朗读者。可知“机会偏爱有准备的头脑。”符合本文主题，故选B。
B
Stop motion movies
Stop motion is a special type of movie-making. It uses real objects—instead of drawings—to tell a story. The story characters can be people, animals, or even everyday objects. You can make them out of clay (橡皮泥) or just use some small toys.
Give it a try, and be creative! Get your parents and friends together and show your film!
YOU WILL NEED
Make up short story. Make sure it has a beginning, middle and end. Then write down your story.
Pick a place where you’re going to shoot the movie. Make sure you’ll have enough room to take pictures.
Collect or make the characters you’ll need for your movie, then prepare any backdrops (背景幕布) (Even a piece of cloth will work).
*A smart phone or camera that shoots videos
*A support with three legs used for the phone or camera
*Your imagination and a story to tell
*Characters (Use action figures (动态木偶), toys, etc., or make some with clay)
*A good place to shoot a movie
*Whatever else you need for your story
Set up your first shot (拍摄). Put your characters and props (道具) at the right place for your first scene. Keep your “movie camera” steady (稳定的) and in the same place.
Repeat the step above over and over and over until you complete your story.
6. Stop motion is a special way to make________.
A. characters B. movies C. props D. backdrops
7. When making stop motion movies, you must use ________ to tell a story.
A. real objects B. drawings C. real people D. real animals
8. Why is “a support with three legs” needed?
A. To shoot a movie. B. To make characters.
C. To support the backdrops. D. To keep the phone or camera steady.
9. This passage teaches readers ________.
A. how to make a movie B. how to tell a story
C. how to pick a place D. how to set up your first shot
10. This passage is from a website (网站) for ________.
A. adults B. kids C. parents D. teachers
【答案】6. B 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B
【解析】
本文讲述了制作电影的一种特殊形式——定格动画，同时介绍了定格动画的制作方法和注意事项。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Stop motion is a special type of movie-making.”可知，定格动画是制作电影的一种特殊方式。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It uses real objects—instead of drawings—to tell a story.”可知，当你制作定格动画电影的时候，你必须使用真实的物品。故选A。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中“A support with three legs used for the phone or camera”和“Keep your “movie camera” steady (稳定的) and in the same place.”可知，在拍摄过程中，要保持“电影摄像机”稳定，所以三条腿的支撑物是为了保持用来拍摄的手机或照相机稳定。故选D。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了定格动画的制作流程、需要准备的材料以及注意事项，所以这篇文章想教会读者如何制作电影。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中“NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC KIDS”可知，这篇文章来源于一个儿童网站。故选B。
C
How did people tell the time before clocks were invented?
At first, the ancient people looked up at the sun and could tell it was the middle of the day when the sun was directly overhead in the sky. They also knew when it was morning or evening.
Later, the Egyptians used sticks. These sticks measured (测量) time during the day. The sun shone on the tall stick and the stick made a shadow (阴影). As the sun moved across the sky, the position (位置) of the shadow changed. This would let people tell what time it was.
Over time, the Chinese first used sundials instead of shadow sticks. The sundial has a type of shadow stick on it. As the sun shines on it, a shadow appears on the numbers. Each number stands for an hour of the day. But sundials don't work at night or on a cloudy day! There are no shadows unless the sun is out.
Water clocks used water to measure time at night. Water dripped (滴落) slowly from one bowl into another. The level of the water in the bowls showed the time.
People also used sand-glasses. You may have seen one. Some games still use sand-glasses. The sand falls from the top of the sand-glasses to the bottom. It measures short amounts of the time. The more sand falls, the more time has passed. When the sand has finished falling, you have to turn the sand-glasses over.
11. At first, the ancient people told the time by looking at ________.
A. the stick B. the shadow C. the sun D. the moon
12. Which picture can be a "sundial"?
A. B. C. D.
13. Sundials can be used to tell the time when it is ________.
A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy
14. Which is right according to the passage?
A. Sticks measured time in Egypt day and night. B. Sundials were first used in ancient Egypt.
C. Sand-glasses usually measure a long time. D. The water clock told the time by the water level in the bowls.
15. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Something about sundials. B. How to tell the time by looking at the sun.
C. How to tell the time in the past. D. Some inventions in China.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在钟表发明出来之前，人们都是利用什么来计时和看时间。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At first, the ancient people looked up at the sun and could tell it was the middle of the day when the sun was directly overhead in the sky”可知起初古代人是通过看太阳来计算时间的，故选C。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The sundial has a type of shadow stick on it. As the sun shines on it, a shadow appears on the numbers”，可知日晷有一根阴影棒，太阳照射后阴影会出现在数字上，根据图片所示，可判断是B图，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But sundials don't work at night or on a cloudy day! There are no shadows unless the sun is out”，可知必须要有太阳，故选A。
【14题详解】
判断正误题。根据“These sticks measured (测量) time during the day”，可知小棍子只在白天测量时间，晚上不行，A选项表述错误，排除；根据“Over time, the Chinese first used sundials instead of shadow sticks”，可知是中国人率先使用日晷，而不是埃及人，B选项表述错误，排除；根据“The sand falls from the top of the sand-glasses to the bottom. It measures short amounts of the time”，可知沙漏只能测量短的时间，而不是长的时间，C选项表述错误，排除；根据“The level of the water in the bowls showed the time”，可知水时钟是通过水平面来展示时间的，D选项表述正确，故选D。
【15题详解】
文章主旨题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了在钟表发明出来之前，人们都是利用什么来计时和看时间的，故选C。
D
The opening of the Beijing—Zhangjiakou high-speed railway took place in December, 2019. The railway is a milestone in China’s railway development because it has used the latest technologies in railway building.
The railway is 174 kilometers long, with 10 stations. The stations are managed by one control center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Group — also known as CR Bejing — as an “intelligent (智能的) brain”. The center collects and shares the stations’ real-time information. “With the information, the workers in the center can control the stations’ lighting and temperature, monitor (监测) trains’ operation and deal with emergencies(紧急情况).” said Zhu Dianping, from CR Beiing.
Zhu said some trains on the Bejing—Zhangjiakou line are “smart” as they provide 5G signals and wireless charging (无线充电) for passengers, as well as intelligent lighting. These trains can start and stop, open and close doors, and deal with emergencies themselves.
All the ten stations provide e-ticket services. Travelers who have bought tickets online can use their ID cards instead of waiting in line for paper tickets.
At Qinghe Railway Station in Beijing, China’s first visual remote ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed (安装) to help passengers who are not able to afford tickets online. Passengers keep in touch with the conductor through the machine and buy tickets according to video instructions.
In addition, the Badaling Great Wall Station, the deepest underground railway station in China, is another great example of the country’s achievements in railway building.
16. What does the word “milestone” mean in Chinese?
A. 英石(重量单位) B. 垫脚石 C. 里程碑 D. 里程表
17. The control center is described as ________.
A. CR Beijing B. Railway Beijing Group C. a railway station D. an “intelligent brain”
18. Which is right according to the passage?
A. Each station has a control center.
B. All the trains can start and stop themselves.
C. All the stations have visual remote ticket vending machines.
D. The Badaling Great Wall Station is the deepest underground railway station in China.
19. E-ticket services are provided so that travelers ________.
A. can buy cheaper tickets B. needn’t wait in line for paper tickets
C. can only buy tickets online D. can buy paper tickets
20. What is special about the Bejing—Zhangialou high-speed railway according to the passage?
A. Fast and cheap. B. Long and deep. C. Smart and intelligent. D. Expensive and steady.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. D 19. B 20. C
【解析】
本文介绍了北京至张家口高速铁路，这条铁路是中国铁路发展的里程碑，因为这条铁路采用了铁路建设的最新技术。
【16题详解】
词意猜测题。根据第一段中“because it has used the latest technologies in railway building”可知，北京至张家口高速铁路采用了铁路建设的最新技术，所以说这条铁路是中国铁路发展的一个里程碑。故选C。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The stations are managed by one control center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Group …as an “intelligent (智能的) brain””可知，控制中心被描述为“智能大脑”。故选D。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。Each station has a control center.每个车站有一个控制中心。根据第二段中“The stations are managed by one control center”可知，所有车站只有一个控制中心，所以A项错误；All the trains can start and stop themselves.所有的火车都可以自动启动和停止。根据第三段中“Zhu said some trains on the Bejing—Zhangjiakou line are “smart” …These trains can start and stop…”可知，在北京至张家口高速铁路上运行的一些火车可以自动启动和停止，并不是所有火车都可以，所以B项错误；All the stations have visual remote ticket vending machines.所有车站都有可视的远程售票机。根据倒数第二段中“At Qinghe Railway Station in Beijing, China’s first visual remote ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed…”可知，在北京的清河站安装了第一台远程可视售票机，并不是所有车站都有远程可视售票机，所以C项错误；The Badaling Great Wall Station is the deepest underground railway station in China.八达岭长城站是中国最深的地铁站。根据最后一段中“In addition, the Badaling Great Wall Station, the deepest underground railway station in China…”可知，八达岭长城站是中国最深的地铁站，所以D项正确。故选D。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“All the ten stations provide e-ticket services. Travelers who have bought tickets online can use their ID cards instead of waiting in line for paper tickets.”可知，车站提供了电子票务服务以后，旅客不必排队购买纸质车票。故选B。
【20题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The stations are managed by one control center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Group — also known as CR Bejing — as an “intelligent (智能的) brain”.”、第三段中“These trains can start and stop, open and close doors, and deal with emergencies themselves.”、第四段中“All the ten stations provide e-ticket services.”、第五段中“At Qinghe Railway Station in Beijing, China’s first visual remote ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed (安装) to help passengers who are not able to afford tickets online.”可知，这条铁路的车站控制中心被称为“智能大脑”，一些列车可以自动启停并处理紧急情况，所有车站都提供电子票务服务，清河站还安装了中国第一台远程可视售票机，这些都说明这条高速铁路智能化程度非常高，这也是这条铁路的特别之处。故选C。
三、短文还原
阅读短文,从短文下面方框中的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中,使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。
Want to save the earth? Plant a tree!
What's causing global (全球的) warming? Is it man-made? Or are temperatures simply changing naturally? Whatever the case, we can at least try to slow things down. But how?
The Wilderness Project has an idea. ___21___. If the earth has more trees, greenhouse gases will be reduced, and this will help stop global warming.___22___ and improve air quality (质量).
___23___. In Belgium, the Organization for Forests worked with farmers to help them plant more trees. In Spain, the Canopy Project plants one tree for every Spaniard (西班牙人) in order to improve the environment. In Germany, a teenager named Felix Finkbeiner has been leading a global movement to plant more trees.___24___.
Now, lots of people all over the world have already been planting more trees. In fact, if everyone plants one tree, just one, it will do great good to our environment.
So what can you do to help?___25___, although you need to get advice on how to look after it. Or you can join a tree planting project such as the ones mentioned above to help save the earth.
So, go on, plant a tree…and save the earth!
A. Maybe you can buy a young tree to grow
B. They suggest that we should plant more trees
C. Another question is how quickly the sea level will rise
D. Many countries are calling on people to plant more trees
E. What's more they improve human health by producing oxygen (氧气)
F. He was nine when he came up with the idea of planting trees around the world
【答案】21. B 22. E 23. D 24. F 25. A
【解析】
众所周知，全球变暖已经成为了一个我们面临的严重的问题，不管是什么导致了全球变暖，我们都应该做一些事情来改变这一现状，或至少减慢变暖的速度。文章中告诉我们，其实很简单，种树就可以。如果地球上有更多的树木，温室气体就会减少，这就将有助于阻止全球变暖。
【21题详解】
上句话“The Wilderness Project has an idea.”提到“荒野计划”这个组织有了一个主意；下句话“If the earth has more trees, greenhouse gases will be reduced, and this will help stop global warming.”就提到了多种树的好处，该空应在中间起到串联的作用，先告诉我们这个主意是什么，B选项“他们建议我们应该多种树”符合语境，故选B。
【22题详解】
上句话“If the earth has more trees, greenhouse gases will be reduced, and this will help stop global warming.”和空后“and improve air quality”都是关于多种树的好处的，E选项“而且，它们通过产生氧气来改善人类健康”也是在说植树的好处，符合语境，故选E。
【23题详解】
根据下文的内容可知，这里列举了比利时、西班牙和德国三个国家的组织和个人采取了不同的措施多种树。D选项“许多国家号召人们种植更多的树木”概括了这一段的文意，符合语境，故选D。
【24题详解】
上句话“In Germany, a teenager named Felix Finkbeiner has been leading a global movement to plant more trees.”提到了德国的一个青少年一直在领导一项种植更多树木的全球运动。F选项“他九岁的时候就有了在世界各地植树的想法”补充了这个青少年更多的信息，符合语境，故选F。
【25题详解】
上句话“So what can you do to help?”提出了问题，“你能做些什么来帮忙呢？”，这个空应给出答案。并且结合空后“although you need to get advice on how to look after it.”“你需要得到一些建议如何照顾它”，因此这个建议是让我们买一棵小树来种植。A选项符合语境，故选A。
四、综合填空
A
阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词,必要时进行词形变化,填入空白处,每空一词。
quiet, they, strong, interest, two, like, unless, choice, but, if, how
The secrets of self-control
A new book, the bestseller, Willpower, says that having strong willpower (意志力) is necessary to a successful life.
The book starts by describing a famous experiment: The Marshmallow (软糖) Test. In 1972, a psychology (心理学) professor Mischel tested the willpower of 600 kids. In the experiment, each child was left alone in a room for fifteen minutes with a marshmallow on a table in front of ___26___. They were given two ___27___: they could either eat the marshmallow or, if they waited fifteen minutes, they’d be given a ___28___marshmallow (and then they could eat both).
So, what did the kids do? 70% ate the first marshmallow within the fifteen minutes,___29___the other 30% showed willpower — they didn’t eat the first one and waited for the second marshmallow ___30___.
Twenty years later, Mischel discovered something ___31___. He got in touch with the children and found that those with strong willpower were getting better marks at university, were better behaved and were more popular. So,___32___ important it is to have strong willpower!
But don’t worry ___33___ you aren’t good at controlling yourself. The authors say that willpower is like a muscle (肌肉). The more you exercise it, the ___34___ it gets. However, just ____35____ any muscle, your “willpower muscle” can get tired. So, if you have to do lots of things that need willpower, take a break. That way, you’ll build up your willpower again.
Lastly, the authors mention that people who learn foreign languages usually have a lot of willpower. So, congratulations!
【答案】26. them
27. choices
28. second 29. but
30. quietly
31. interesting
32. how 33. if
34. stronger
35. like
【解析】
本文介绍了一本书——《意志力》，书中通过一则实验说明了坚强的意志力是成功人生的必要条件。
【26题详解】
句意：在实验中，每个孩子被单独留在一个房间里15分钟，在他们面前的桌子上放着一颗软糖。
根据下文中they可知，此处是“在他们面前的桌子上放着一颗软糖”；they代替参加实验的孩子们，they是人称代词主格，放在介词之后应使用宾格形式them，them他们。故填them。
【27题详解】
句意：他们有两个选择：要么吃这颗软糖，要么等15分钟将会给他们第二个软糖(然后他们可以吃掉两颗软糖)。
根据句中“either…or…”可知，他们可以吃这颗糖，也可以等待下一颗糖，所以此处使用名词choice的复数形式choices，choice选择，表示“他们有两个选择”。故填choices。
【28题详解】
句意：他们有两个选择：要么吃这颗软糖，要么等15分钟将会给他们第二颗软糖 (然后他们可以吃掉两颗软糖)。
根据下文中“they didn’t eat the first one and waited for the second marshmallow”可知，此处使用two的序数词形式second，意为“第二”，表示“要么等15分钟将会给他们第二颗软糖”。故填second。
【29题详解】
句意：70% 的孩子们在15分钟内吃完了第一颗软糖，但是另外30% 的孩子们表现出了意志力——他们没有吃第一颗软糖，而是静静地等待着第二颗软糖。
根据句中“70% ate the first marshmallow”和“the other 30% showed willpower”可知，前后两个分句意思转折，即：70% 的孩子们在15分钟内吃完了第一颗软糖，但是另外30% 的孩子们表现出了意志力；but是表示转折的连词，意为“但是”。故填but。
【30题详解】
句意：70% 的孩子们在15分钟内吃完了第一颗软糖，但是另外30% 的孩子们表现出了意志力——他们没有吃第一颗软糖，而是静静地等待着第二颗软糖。
根据上文第二段中“each child was left alone in a room”和句中“waited for the second marshmallow”可知，每个人都单独在一个房间里，所以他们是在静静地等待第二颗软糖；quiet是形容词，其副词形式为quietly，意为“静静地”，waited for the second marshmallow quietly静静地等待着第二颗软糖。故填quietly。
【31题详解】
句意：二十年后，米契尔发现了有趣的事情。
something是不定代词，其后可接形容词对其进行修饰；根据下文中“He got in touch with the children and found that those with strong willpower were getting better marks at university, were better behaved and were more popular.”可知，他发现那些意志力强的孩子在大学成绩更好，表现更好，更受欢迎，所以此处使用interest的形容词形式interesting，意为“有趣的”，something interesting有趣的事情，用来表示“他发现的这件事情很有趣”。故填interesting。
【32题详解】
句意：所以，有强大的意志力是多么重要啊！
根据句末标点符号是感叹号，以及句中形容词important可知，此处使用how引导感叹句，how+形容词+主语+谓语。故填how。
【33题详解】
句意：但如果你不擅长控制自己，也不用担心。
根据句中“you aren’t good at controlling yourself”和“But don’t worry”都是两个独立完整的句子，此处使用连词if，表示“但如果你不擅长控制自己，也不用担心”，if意为“如果”。故填if。
【34题详解】
句意：你练习得越多，它就越强大。
根据句中“the more”和the可知，此处是the+比较级结构；get是系动词，所以此处使用形容词strong的比较级stronger，意为“更强大的”。故填stronger。
【35题详解】
句意：然而，就像任何肌肉一样，你的“意志力肌肉”也会疲劳。
根据上文中“The authors say that willpower is like a muscle.”可知，作者说意志力就像肌肉，所以此处使用like，意为“像”，表示“就像任何肌肉一样，你的‘意志力肌肉’也会疲劳”。故填like。
B
阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词,必要时进行词形变化(可添加助动词或者情态动词), 填入空白处。
promise, look, change, play, allow, hurt, give, take, love, ask, feed
It was a fine day. The sun was shining and the wind was gentle.
The kids ___36___ in their backyard when a little cat tried to cross into their yard. Unluckily, it got stuck (卡住的) under the fence (篱笆). The kids tried to free the cat, but they couldn't, so they asked their mother for help. The mother freed the cat. The cat ___37___ so cute that the children begged (乞求) to keep it. Their mother said, "I suppose we can. I don't mind myself, but you must ask your father too."
The kids waited anxiously (焦急地) for their dad back from work. "Do you think our dad ___38___ us to keep it?" the girl asked. Before the boy answered the girl, they heard their father opening the door. "Hi, daddy," they both shouted loudly at the same time.
"You are surely happier than usual to see me today. What is up?" their father said.
"Nothing, daddy. We just love you so much," the girl replied. That's when their mother said, "Go ahead. ___39___ your dad."
The girl told her dad what had happened and asked to keep the cat. The father said, "No, you can't. We ___40___ five cats so far. Your mommy and I have no time ___41___ care of any more. "Hearing this, the kids lowered (低下) their heads disappointedly.
Seeing the sad looks on the kids' faces, the father ___42___ his mind. He said, "All right. Since you ___43___ it so much, you can keep it." Hearing this, the kids happily screamed, "Hooray! Thank you, daddy!" However, the father added (补充说) that they ___44___ to look after the cat by themselves.
The kids were so happy to have another pet friend. Then the cat ____45____ the name "Lucky" by the kids.
So the cat had a place to call home.
【答案】36. were playing
37. looked 38. will allow
39. Ask 40. have fed
41. to take
42. changed
43. love 44. must promise
45. was given
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了孩子们在自家后院玩耍，看见一只猫被卡在后院的篱笆下，他们和妈妈一起救下了这只猫。这只小猫非常可爱，孩子们苦苦哀求父亲同意他们养这只小猫当宠物，最后父亲答应了。
36题详解】
句意：孩子们在后院玩耍时，一只小猫试图穿过他们的院子。
此处作谓语，根据后文是when引导的过去时的时间状语从句，可知此处用过去进行时was/were doing；根据地点状语in their backyard，可知此处选play玩耍，是动词，根据主语kids为复数，可知用were，故答案为were playing。
【37题详解】
句意：这只猫看起来如此可爱以至于孩子们都求着要养它。
此处缺谓语，根据其后是形容词，可知此处可填系动词，故选look看起来，是系动词，根据后文begged用过去时，可知此处也用过去时，故答案为looked。
【38题详解】
句意：你认为爸爸会允许我们养它吗？
此处缺谓语，根据固定搭配allow sb. to do意为“允许某人做某事”，可知选allow允许；根据语境，可知要用一般将来时will do，故答案为will allow。
【39题详解】
句意：去吧，问问你爸爸。
根据语境，可知此处用祈使句表建议或命令，应该填动词原形；根据句意，可知选ask问，是动词，故答案为Ask。
【40题详解】
句意：我们到目前为止已经喂养五只猫了。
根据时间状语so far，可知要用现在完成时have/has done；根据前文说要养猫，可知此处选feed喂养，是动词，其过去分词为fed，故答案为have fed。
【41题详解】
句意：你妈妈和我没有时间去照顾更多了。
此处作后置定语修饰其前名词time，可知用动词不定式to do；此处构成动词短语take care of，意为“照顾”，所以选take，故答案为to take。
【42题详解】
句意：看着孩子们脸上伤心的表情，这个父亲改变了主意。
此处缺谓语，根据后文said用过去时，可知此处也用过去时；根据后文父亲又答应了可以养这只猫，可知此处选change改变，是动词，故答案为changed。
【43题详解】
句意：既然你们如此喜爱它，你们可以养它。
此处作谓语，根据语境，可知用一般现在时；根据主语you指的是兄妹二人，是复数，所以填动词原形；根据句意，可知选love喜爱，是动词，故答案为love。
【44题详解】
句意：但是，这个父亲补充说，他们必须承诺自己照顾小猫。
此处作宾语从句的谓语，此处构成promise to do承诺做某事，可知此处选promise承诺，是动词；根据语境，此处要加情态动词must表“必须”，情态动词后用动词原形，故答案为must promise。
【45题详解】
句意：然后，这只猫就被孩子们取名为“Lucky”了。
此处缺谓语，根据句意，可知选give，构成give the name，意为“取名”；又主语cat和give之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态be done，give的过去分词为given，故答案为was given。
五、阅读表达
Songs about growing up
Thousands of songs about growing up are available (可得到的). They can always get a response (反应) from teenagers in some way. While listening to the songs, old or new, teenagers can always feel themselves or understand themselves.
a. Songs about being a teenager
Growing up isn't always easy. Teens always want to be independent, but parents have a hard time letting go. There can be moments of worry, uncertainty and even anger. Some songs speak of (2) those feelings and can help them get through this period.
b. Songs about(3)___________
As teenagers grow. They're likely looking toward the day when they'll be able to work hard to achieve their dreams. The Westlife's song I have a dream is well-known. The key lyrics (歌词) are "I have a dream, a song to sing. To help me cope (处理) with anything... You can take the future even if you fail". This song has encouraged so many teenagers to fight for their dreams.
c. Graduation songs
Graduation songs usually speak of the joy of this season of their life. These songs are perfect for graduation parties and get-togethers with friends. As they graduate they can sing "Today is where your book begins, the rest is still unwritten...".
When teenagers grow up, they find childhood is a bittersweet (苦乐参半的) time. (5) They've looked forward to the day for so many years and finally it is here. However, they may not be sure about whether they're ready for it. At this time, listening to songs about the sweet days of childhood can always make them relaxed.
46. What is the response from teenagers while they are listening to the songs?
______________________________________
47. What does "those feeling" refer to?
______________________________________
48. Complete the subtitle (副标题) for "b".
______________________________________
49. What are graduation songs about according to the passage?
______________________________________
50. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
______________________________________
【答案】46. They can always feel themselves or understand themselves.
47. Worry, uncertainty and even anger.
48. (teenagers' achieving/ fighting for/future) dreams
49. The joy of this (graduation) season of their life.
50. 他们期待这一天很多年了，这一天终于到来了/他们期待多年的这一天终于到来了。
【解析】
本文主要介绍了青少年成长时期喜欢听的不同类型的歌曲。
【46题详解】
题干句意：青少年在听歌时的反应是什么？
根据上文While listening to the songs, old or new, teenagers can always feel themselves or understand themselves. 在听歌曲的同时，无论是旧的还是新的，青少年总是能感觉到自己或理解自己。故答案为They can always feel themselves or understand themselves.
【47题详解】
题干句意：those feeling指的是什么？
根据上文There can be moments of worry, uncertainty and even anger. Some songs speak of (2) those feelings and can help them get through this period. 青少年可能会有忧虑、不确定甚至愤怒的时刻。有些歌曲提到这些感觉，可以帮助他们度过这一时期。可知those feeling指的是上句写到的情绪“worry, uncertainty and even anger”，故答案为Worry, uncertainty and even anger。
【48题详解】
题目要求：完成b部分的副标题。
根据上文As teenagers grow. They're likely looking toward the day when they'll be able to work hard to achieve their dreams. …fight for their dreams. 可知本段主要写了随着青少年的成长，他们可能会期待着有一天他们能够努力工作来实现他们的梦想。《我有一个梦想》这首歌激励了很多青少年为梦想而奋斗。可知本段的主题是有关青少年为梦想而奋斗的歌曲，故答案为(teenagers' achieving/ fighting for/future) dreams。
【49题详解】
题干句意：根据短文，毕业歌曲是关于什么的？
根据上文Graduation songs usually speak of the joy of this season of their life. 毕业歌曲通常会讲述他们这一季的快乐。故答案为The joy of this (graduation) season of their life.
【50题详解】
英译汉：They've looked forward to the day for so many years and finally it is here.
They他们；have looked forward to期待；the day这一天；for so many years很多年了；finally终于；it is here.这一天到来了，故翻译为：他们期待这一天很多年了，这一天终于到来了/他们期待多年的这一天终于到来了。
六、书面表达
51.少年智则国智,少年强则国强。根据下图提示写一篇英语短文, 描述作为青少年的你们将如何成长，并说明原因或目的。除了提示中的内容，请你至少再补充一条。
build up our bodies by…;
keep strong and healthy
develop some interests;
for example,…;
make ourselves fully developed
do housework; such as…;
help parents; learn to be independent (独立的)
?
要求：
1、语言通顺, 要点齐全, 意思连贯, 条理清楚, 书写规范;
2、文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称;
3、80~100词, 文章开头已给出, 不计入总词数。
As teenagers, we are the future of our homeland. We should develop ourselves fully. But how? Here is my opinion.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
As teenagers, we are the future of our homeland. We should develop ourselves fully. But how? Here is my opinion.
Basically, we should build up our bodies by taking some exercise, doing some sports, such as running, swimming, playing basketball and so on. In this way, we can keep ourselves strong and healthy/we will grow up strong and healthy.
What's more, developing some interests is a good way to make ourselves fully developed. We can learn to play the piano, sing songs, dance, collect stamps, draw pictures and so on. As a saying says. "You can never learn too much."
In addition. I think it's our duty to do some housework at home. We should help do some cleaning, water the flowers or walk the dog. Then our parents can live an easier life. Also, by doing this, we can learn to be independent and get ourselves well prepared for the future life.
If we do these things well, we will be able to grow up as a fully developed person.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：这篇作文要求我们根据提示并至少再补充一条，写一篇英语短文, 描述青少年将如何成长，并说明原因或目的。在写作时，我们可以列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达，根据需要将这些信息进行重新整理和安排，使文章的意思更自然。可以使用一些好的句型和连词，使文章上下文意思连贯。
2.例文点评：本文时态为一般现在时，人称主要为第一人称。文章紧扣题目要点，内容完整，表述准确，语言的表述符合语法的结构，造句符合英语的表达习惯。
3.高分亮点：
短语：build up；in this way；keep ourselves strong；what's more；in addition；live an easier life。
句型：宾语从句I think it's our duty to do some housework at home.
条件状语从句If we do these things well, we will be able to grow up as a fully developed person.
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德州市二O二O年初中学业水平考试
英 语 试 题
注意事项:
1.本试题共六个大题, 分选择题和非选择题两种类型; 选择题计80分, 非选择题计70分; 试卷总分150分, 考试时间120分钟。
2.考生应将答案全部答在答题卡上, 注意事项请参照答题卡要求。考试结束后, 试题和答题卡将一并收回。
一、听力测试 (每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)
(一) 录音中有五个句子, 每个句子听两遍，然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。
1. A. Good luck. B. Congratulations! C. Enjoy yourself,
2. A. Nice idea. B. It doesn't matter. C. This way, please.
3. A. Sounds boring. B. Well, I like both. C. Best wishes,
4. A. Have a nice day. B. Thank you. C. That's no excuse.
5. A. What a pity! B. Well done. C. I promise.
(二) 录音中有三个句子, 每个句子对应一幅图片, 每个句子听两遍，然后选择与句子内容相对应的图片。
6.___________ 7.__________ 8.___________
A. B. C.
(三) 录音中有五组对话，听对话两遍后，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
9. When was tea first discovered as a drink?
A. About 1,500 years ago. B. About 3,500 years ago. C. About 5.000 years ago.
10. What is the man's advice on reducing air pollution?
A. Riding a bike. B. Giving up smoking. C. Driving a car.
11. What's the name of the space station?
A. Tiangong. B. Chang'e C. Shenzhou.
12. Why did the car hit the walking man?
A. The driver drove too fast. B. The driver was tired and sleepy. C. The driver talked on his phone while driving.
13. How does the woman go to the hospital?
A. She walks there. B. She drives there herself. C. The man drives her there.
(四) 录音中有一段长对话, 听对话两遍后, 从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
14. What is the girl?
A. A student. B. A computer seller. C. A shop worker.
15. What does the girl plan to do this summer vacation?
A. Learn English. B. Do a part-time job. C. Go to high school.
16. Why does the girl need money?
A. To travel to Canada. B. To help her uncle. C. To buy a present.
17. What does the girl want to buy for her friend?
A. A watch. B. A computer. C. A bag.
(五) 录音中有三小段独白, 听独白两遍后, 根据独白内容, 将信息配对。
18. Olivia A. be interested in 5G technology and a smarter life
19. William B. like travelling and always want to see the sea
20. Alice C. love animals and try to help the homeless animals
(六) 听力填表 (共5小题; 录音播放前, 你有20秒钟的读题时间)。
学校做了一个关于初中生暑假期间是否可以独自外出游玩的词查问卷,请你认真听下面一段 radio report。了解调查结果和学校建议。听广播两后, 请你根据表格内容提示记录相关信息, 完成表格 (每空一词)
Could students go out alone during the summer vacation?
Pros(赞成)
Cons(反对)
Students
About 56% think it's 22 to go out alone.
/
Teachers
/
78% think students had better not go out a lone. They think it's 23 .
21
More than 24 agree that students are able to look after themselves.
/
Advice
If you have to go out alone, take a 25 with you.
二、阅读理解
阅读下列短文,然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
Li Shijin, 30, didn't expect to make a living through his voice.
Li began to work as a company salesman in Liaoning Province in 2012. He tried to find a part-time job as a wedding host to improve his confidence.
Around the spring festival in 2014, he started listening to audiobooks (音频书). After being a listener for two years, he decided to record himself reading books. Then, he posted his first audiobook Youth Will Not Return on Qingting in 2016. It was broadcast (广播) and listened to about 20 million times.
A year later, after he had read three audiobooks, he was signed up as a voice performer by Qingting. However, he was under great pressure (压力) when he was signed up by Qingting. "To improve my ability, I didn't sleep for more than five hours a day during that year. I had better results the following year. "Also, to improve his performance, Li attended a training course at Communication University of China to learn dubbing(配音) and how to write a play in 2018. So far, he has completed nearly 30 works on Qingting.
On the road to success, Li put a lot of effort. Many people tried to get a foothold (立足地) but failed, while he made it!
When talking about the secret of his success, he said, "Many people have good abilities and many work very hard, but they may fail. Early birds get worms. I believe they will get chances and succeed sooner or later if they hold on to their dreams and keep on trying."
1. Why did Li work as a wedding host?
A. To develop his interest B. To make a living. C. To make friends. D. To improve himself.
2. How did Li feel after being signed up by Qingting?
A. Happy. B. Sad. C. Worried. D. Lucky.
3. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Li succeeded easily. B. Li never failed.
C. Li succeeded through hard work. D. Li succeeded because of good luck.
4. Put the following into correct order according to the passage.
①Li posted his first audiobook.
② Li went to the university.
③Li started to listen to audiobooks.
④Li was signed up by Qingting.
A. ①②③④ B. ③①④② C. ③①②④ D. ④①②③
5. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. Chances favor (偏爱) the prepared mind.
C. Two heads are better than one. D. Time waits for no man.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B
【解析】
本文主要讲李从公司业务员，怎样经过自己不懈的努力与准备，最终成为一名成功的朗读者。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据上文He tried to find a part-time job as a wedding host to improve his confidence. 可知他兼职做婚礼主持人的目的是为了提高他的信心。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据上文However, he was under great pressure (压力) when he was signed up by Qingting. 然而，当他被《倾听》签约时，他承受到了巨大的压力，可知他很担心，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由最后两段On the road to success, Li put a lot of effort. he said, “Many people have good abilities and many work very hard, but they may fail. Early birds get worms”. 在成功的道路上，李先生付出了很多努力。他说：“许多人有很好的能力，许多人工作很努力，但他们可能会失败。早起的鸟儿有虫吃。”，由此可知他是通过努力取得了成功。故选C。
【4题详解】
推理判断题，根据本文写作顺序he started listening to audiobooks他开始听音频书 …Then, he posted his first audiobook Youth Will Not Return on Qingting in 2016. 2016年他在《倾听》发布了他的第一本有声读物《青春一去不复回》….he was signed up as a voice performer by Qingting他被《倾听》签约为一名语音表演者….Li attended a training course at Communication University of China to learn dubbing(配音) 李在中国传媒大学参加了一个培训课程学习配音。故选B。
【5题详解】
最佳标题题。A. 患难朋友才是真正的朋友；B. 机会偏爱有准备的头脑；C. 集思广益；D.时间不等人，本文主要讲李从公司业务员，怎样经过自己不懈的努力与准备，最终成为一名成功的朗读者。可知“机会偏爱有准备的头脑。”符合本文主题，故选B。
B
Stop motion movies
Stop motion is a special type of movie-making. It uses real objects—instead of drawings—to tell a story. The story characters can be people, animals, or even everyday objects. You can make them out of clay (橡皮泥) or just use some small toys.
Give it a try, and be creative! Get your parents and friends together and show your film!
YOU WILL NEED
Make up short story. Make sure it has a beginning, middle and end. Then write down your story.
Pick a place where you’re going to shoot the movie. Make sure you’ll have enough room to take pictures.
Collect or make the characters you’ll need for your movie, then prepare any backdrops (背景幕布) (Even a piece of cloth will work).
*A smart phone or camera that shoots videos
*A support with three legs used for the phone or camera
*Your imagination and a story to tell
*Characters (Use action figures (动态木偶), toys, etc., or make some with clay)
*A good place to shoot a movie
*Whatever else you need for your story
Set up your first shot (拍摄). Put your characters and props (道具) at the right place for your first scene. Keep your “movie camera” steady (稳定的) and in the same place.
Repeat the step above over and over and over until you complete your story.
6. Stop motion is a special way to make________.
A. characters B. movies C. props D. backdrops
7. When making stop motion movies, you must use ________ to tell a story.
A. real objects B. drawings C. real people D. real animals
8. Why is “a support with three legs” needed?
A. To shoot a movie. B. To make characters.
C. To support the backdrops. D. To keep the phone or camera steady.
9. This passage teaches readers ________.
A. how to make a movie B. how to tell a story
C. how to pick a place D. how to set up your first shot
10. This passage is from a website (网站) for ________.
A. adults B. kids C. parents D. teachers
【答案】6. B 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B
【解析】
本文讲述了制作电影的一种特殊形式——定格动画，同时介绍了定格动画的制作方法和注意事项。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Stop motion is a special type of movie-making.”可知，定格动画是制作电影的一种特殊方式。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It uses real objects—instead of drawings—to tell a story.”可知，当你制作定格动画电影的时候，你必须使用真实的物品。故选A。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中“A support with three legs used for the phone or camera”和“Keep your “movie camera” steady (稳定的) and in the same place.”可知，在拍摄过程中，要保持“电影摄像机”稳定，所以三条腿的支撑物是为了保持用来拍摄的手机或照相机稳定。故选D。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了定格动画的制作流程、需要准备的材料以及注意事项，所以这篇文章想教会读者如何制作电影。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中“NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC KIDS”可知，这篇文章来源于一个儿童网站。故选B。
C
How did people tell the time before clocks were invented?
At first, the ancient people looked up at the sun and could tell it was the middle of the day when the sun was directly overhead in the sky. They also knew when it was morning or evening.
Later, the Egyptians used sticks. These sticks measured (测量) time during the day. The sun shone on the tall stick and the stick made a shadow (阴影). As the sun moved across the sky, the position (位置) of the shadow changed. This would let people tell what time it was.
Over time, the Chinese first used sundials instead of shadow sticks. The sundial has a type of shadow stick on it. As the sun shines on it, a shadow appears on the numbers. Each number stands for an hour of the day. But sundials don't work at night or on a cloudy day! There are no shadows unless the sun is out.
Water clocks used water to measure time at night. Water dripped (滴落) slowly from one bowl into another. The level of the water in the bowls showed the time.
People also used sand-glasses. You may have seen one. Some games still use sand-glasses. The sand falls from the top of the sand-glasses to the bottom. It measures short amounts of the time. The more sand falls, the more time has passed. When the sand has finished falling, you have to turn the sand-glasses over.
11. At first, the ancient people told the time by looking at ________.
A. the stick B. the shadow C. the sun D. the moon
12. Which picture can be a "sundial"?
A. B. C. D.
13. Sundials can be used to tell the time when it is ________.
A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy
14. Which is right according to the passage?
A. Sticks measured time in Egypt day and night. B. Sundials were first used in ancient Egypt.
C. Sand-glasses usually measure a long time. D. The water clock told the time by the water level in the bowls.
15. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Something about sundials. B. How to tell the time by looking at the sun.
C. How to tell the time in the past. D. Some inventions in China.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在钟表发明出来之前，人们都是利用什么来计时和看时间。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At first, the ancient people looked up at the sun and could tell it was the middle of the day when the sun was directly overhead in the sky”可知起初古代人是通过看太阳来计算时间的，故选C。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The sundial has a type of shadow stick on it. As the sun shines on it, a shadow appears on the numbers”，可知日晷有一根阴影棒，太阳照射后阴影会出现在数字上，根据图片所示，可判断是B图，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But sundials don't work at night or on a cloudy day! There are no shadows unless the sun is out”，可知必须要有太阳，故选A。
【14题详解】
判断正误题。根据“These sticks measured (测量) time during the day”，可知小棍子只在白天测量时间，晚上不行，A选项表述错误，排除；根据“Over time, the Chinese first used sundials instead of shadow sticks”，可知是中国人率先使用日晷，而不是埃及人，B选项表述错误，排除；根据“The sand falls from the top of the sand-glasses to the bottom. It measures short amounts of the time”，可知沙漏只能测量短的时间，而不是长的时间，C选项表述错误，排除；根据“The level of the water in the bowls showed the time”，可知水时钟是通过水平面来展示时间的，D选项表述正确，故选D。
【15题详解】
文章主旨题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了在钟表发明出来之前，人们都是利用什么来计时和看时间的，故选C。
D
The opening of the Beijing—Zhangjiakou high-speed railway took place in December, 2019. The railway is a milestone in China’s railway development because it has used the latest technologies in railway building.
The railway is 174 kilometers long, with 10 stations. The stations are managed by one control center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Group — also known as CR Bejing — as an “intelligent (智能的) brain”. The center collects and shares the stations’ real-time information. “With the information, the workers in the center can control the stations’ lighting and temperature, monitor (监测) trains’ operation and deal with emergencies(紧急情况).” said Zhu Dianping, from CR Beiing.
Zhu said some trains on the Bejing—Zhangjiakou line are “smart” as they provide 5G signals and wireless charging (无线充电) for passengers, as well as intelligent lighting. These trains can start and stop, open and close doors, and deal with emergencies themselves.
All the ten stations provide e-ticket services. Travelers who have bought tickets online can use their ID cards instead of waiting in line for paper tickets.
At Qinghe Railway Station in Beijing, China’s first visual remote ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed (安装) to help passengers who are not able to afford tickets online. Passengers keep in touch with the conductor through the machine and buy tickets according to video instructions.
In addition, the Badaling Great Wall Station, the deepest underground railway station in China, is another great example of the country’s achievements in railway building.
16. What does the word “milestone” mean in Chinese?
A. 英石(重量单位) B. 垫脚石 C. 里程碑 D. 里程表
17. The control center is described as ________.
A. CR Beijing B. Railway Beijing Group C. a railway station D. an “intelligent brain”
18. Which is right according to the passage?
A. Each station has a control center.
B. All the trains can start and stop themselves.
C. All the stations have visual remote ticket vending machines.
D. The Badaling Great Wall Station is the deepest underground railway station in China.
19. E-ticket services are provided so that travelers ________.
A. can buy cheaper tickets B. needn’t wait in line for paper tickets
C. can only buy tickets online D. can buy paper tickets
20. What is special about the Bejing—Zhangialou high-speed railway according to the passage?
A. Fast and cheap. B. Long and deep. C. Smart and intelligent. D. Expensive and steady.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. D 19. B 20. C
【解析】
本文介绍了北京至张家口高速铁路，这条铁路是中国铁路发展的里程碑，因为这条铁路采用了铁路建设的最新技术。
【16题详解】
词意猜测题。根据第一段中“because it has used the latest technologies in railway building”可知，北京至张家口高速铁路采用了铁路建设的最新技术，所以说这条铁路是中国铁路发展的一个里程碑。故选C。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The stations are managed by one control center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Group …as an “intelligent (智能的) brain””可知，控制中心被描述为“智能大脑”。故选D。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。Each station has a control center.每个车站有一个控制中心。根据第二段中“The stations are managed by one control center”可知，所有车站只有一个控制中心，所以A项错误；All the trains can start and stop themselves.所有的火车都可以自动启动和停止。根据第三段中“Zhu said some trains on the Bejing—Zhangjiakou line are “smart” …These trains can start and stop…”可知，在北京至张家口高速铁路上运行的一些火车可以自动启动和停止，并不是所有火车都可以，所以B项错误；All the stations have visual remote ticket vending machines.所有车站都有可视的远程售票机。根据倒数第二段中“At Qinghe Railway Station in Beijing, China’s first visual remote ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed…”可知，在北京的清河站安装了第一台远程可视售票机，并不是所有车站都有远程可视售票机，所以C项错误；The Badaling Great Wall Station is the deepest underground railway station in China.八达岭长城站是中国最深的地铁站。根据最后一段中“In addition, the Badaling Great Wall Station, the deepest underground railway station in China…”可知，八达岭长城站是中国最深的地铁站，所以D项正确。故选D。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“All the ten stations provide e-ticket services. Travelers who have bought tickets online can use their ID cards instead of waiting in line for paper tickets.”可知，车站提供了电子票务服务以后，旅客不必排队购买纸质车票。故选B。
【20题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The stations are managed by one control center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Group — also known as CR Bejing — as an “intelligent (智能的) brain”.”、第三段中“These trains can start and stop, open and close doors, and deal with emergencies themselves.”、第四段中“All the ten stations provide e-ticket services.”、第五段中“At Qinghe Railway Station in Beijing, China’s first visual remote ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed (安装) to help passengers who are not able to afford tickets online.”可知，这条铁路的车站控制中心被称为“智能大脑”，一些列车可以自动启停并处理紧急情况，所有车站都提供电子票务服务，清河站还安装了中国第一台远程可视售票机，这些都说明这条高速铁路智能化程度非常高，这也是这条铁路的特别之处。故选C。
三、短文还原
阅读短文,从短文下面方框中的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中,使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。
Want to save the earth? Plant a tree!
What's causing global (全球的) warming? Is it man-made? Or are temperatures simply changing naturally? Whatever the case, we can at least try to slow things down. But how?
The Wilderness Project has an idea. ___21___. If the earth has more trees, greenhouse gases will be reduced, and this will help stop global warming.___22___ and improve air quality (质量).
___23___. In Belgium, the Organization for Forests worked with farmers to help them plant more trees. In Spain, the Canopy Project plants one tree for every Spaniard (西班牙人) in order to improve the environment. In Germany, a teenager named Felix Finkbeiner has been leading a global movement to plant more trees.___24___.
Now, lots of people all over the world have already been planting more trees. In fact, if everyone plants one tree, just one, it will do great good to our environment.
So what can you do to help?___25___, although you need to get advice on how to look after it. Or you can join a tree planting project such as the ones mentioned above to help save the earth.
So, go on, plant a tree…and save the earth!
A. Maybe you can buy a young tree to grow
B. They suggest that we should plant more trees
C. Another question is how quickly the sea level will rise
D. Many countries are calling on people to plant more trees
E. What's more they improve human health by producing oxygen (氧气)
F. He was nine when he came up with the idea of planting trees around the world
【答案】21. B 22. E 23. D 24. F 25. A
【解析】
众所周知，全球变暖已经成为了一个我们面临的严重的问题，不管是什么导致了全球变暖，我们都应该做一些事情来改变这一现状，或至少减慢变暖的速度。文章中告诉我们，其实很简单，种树就可以。如果地球上有更多的树木，温室气体就会减少，这就将有助于阻止全球变暖。
【21题详解】
上句话“The Wilderness Project has an idea.”提到“荒野计划”这个组织有了一个主意；下句话“If the earth has more trees, greenhouse gases will be reduced, and this will help stop global warming.”就提到了多种树的好处，该空应在中间起到串联的作用，先告诉我们这个主意是什么，B选项“他们建议我们应该多种树”符合语境，故选B。
【22题详解】
上句话“If the earth has more trees, greenhouse gases will be reduced, and this will help stop global warming.”和空后“and improve air quality”都是关于多种树的好处的，E选项“而且，它们通过产生氧气来改善人类健康”也是在说植树的好处，符合语境，故选E。
【23题详解】
根据下文的内容可知，这里列举了比利时、西班牙和德国三个国家的组织和个人采取了不同的措施多种树。D选项“许多国家号召人们种植更多的树木”概括了这一段的文意，符合语境，故选D。
【24题详解】
上句话“In Germany, a teenager named Felix Finkbeiner has been leading a global movement to plant more trees.”提到了德国的一个青少年一直在领导一项种植更多树木的全球运动。F选项“他九岁的时候就有了在世界各地植树的想法”补充了这个青少年更多的信息，符合语境，故选F。
【25题详解】
上句话“So what can you do to help?”提出了问题，“你能做些什么来帮忙呢？”，这个空应给出答案。并且结合空后“although you need to get advice on how to look after it.”“你需要得到一些建议如何照顾它”，因此这个建议是让我们买一棵小树来种植。A选项符合语境，故选A。
四、综合填空
A
阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词,必要时进行词形变化,填入空白处,每空一词。
quiet, they, strong, interest, two, like, unless, choice, but, if, how
The secrets of self-control
A new book, the bestseller, Willpower, says that having strong willpower (意志力) is necessary to a successful life.
The book starts by describing a famous experiment: The Marshmallow (软糖) Test. In 1972, a psychology (心理学) professor Mischel tested the willpower of 600 kids. In the experiment, each child was left alone in a room for fifteen minutes with a marshmallow on a table in front of ___26___. They were given two ___27___: they could either eat the marshmallow or, if they waited fifteen minutes, they’d be given a ___28___marshmallow (and then they could eat both).
So, what did the kids do? 70% ate the first marshmallow within the fifteen minutes,___29___the other 30% showed willpower — they didn’t eat the first one and waited for the second marshmallow ___30___.
Twenty years later, Mischel discovered something ___31___. He got in touch with the children and found that those with strong willpower were getting better marks at university, were better behaved and were more popular. So,___32___ important it is to have strong willpower!
But don’t worry ___33___ you aren’t good at controlling yourself. The authors say that willpower is like a muscle (肌肉). The more you exercise it, the ___34___ it gets. However, just ____35____ any muscle, your “willpower muscle” can get tired. So, if you have to do lots of things that need willpower, take a break. That way, you’ll build up your willpower again.
Lastly, the authors mention that people who learn foreign languages usually have a lot of willpower. So, congratulations!
【答案】26. them
27. choices
28. second 29. but
30. quietly
31. interesting
32. how 33. if
34. stronger
35. like
【解析】
本文介绍了一本书——《意志力》，书中通过一则实验说明了坚强的意志力是成功人生的必要条件。
【26题详解】
句意：在实验中，每个孩子被单独留在一个房间里15分钟，在他们面前的桌子上放着一颗软糖。
根据下文中they可知，此处是“在他们面前的桌子上放着一颗软糖”；they代替参加实验的孩子们，they是人称代词主格，放在介词之后应使用宾格形式them，them他们。故填them。
【27题详解】
句意：他们有两个选择：要么吃这颗软糖，要么等15分钟将会给他们第二个软糖(然后他们可以吃掉两颗软糖)。
根据句中“either…or…”可知，他们可以吃这颗糖，也可以等待下一颗糖，所以此处使用名词choice的复数形式choices，choice选择，表示“他们有两个选择”。故填choices。
【28题详解】
句意：他们有两个选择：要么吃这颗软糖，要么等15分钟将会给他们第二颗软糖 (然后他们可以吃掉两颗软糖)。
根据下文中“they didn’t eat the first one and waited for the second marshmallow”可知，此处使用two的序数词形式second，意为“第二”，表示“要么等15分钟将会给他们第二颗软糖”。故填second。
【29题详解】
句意：70% 的孩子们在15分钟内吃完了第一颗软糖，但是另外30% 的孩子们表现出了意志力——他们没有吃第一颗软糖，而是静静地等待着第二颗软糖。
根据句中“70% ate the first marshmallow”和“the other 30% showed willpower”可知，前后两个分句意思转折，即：70% 的孩子们在15分钟内吃完了第一颗软糖，但是另外30% 的孩子们表现出了意志力；but是表示转折的连词，意为“但是”。故填but。
【30题详解】
句意：70% 的孩子们在15分钟内吃完了第一颗软糖，但是另外30% 的孩子们表现出了意志力——他们没有吃第一颗软糖，而是静静地等待着第二颗软糖。
根据上文第二段中“each child was left alone in a room”和句中“waited for the second marshmallow”可知，每个人都单独在一个房间里，所以他们是在静静地等待第二颗软糖；quiet是形容词，其副词形式为quietly，意为“静静地”，waited for the second marshmallow quietly静静地等待着第二颗软糖。故填quietly。
【31题详解】
句意：二十年后，米契尔发现了有趣的事情。
something是不定代词，其后可接形容词对其进行修饰；根据下文中“He got in touch with the children and found that those with strong willpower were getting better marks at university, were better behaved and were more popular.”可知，他发现那些意志力强的孩子在大学成绩更好，表现更好，更受欢迎，所以此处使用interest的形容词形式interesting，意为“有趣的”，something interesting有趣的事情，用来表示“他发现的这件事情很有趣”。故填interesting。
【32题详解】
句意：所以，有强大的意志力是多么重要啊！
根据句末标点符号是感叹号，以及句中形容词important可知，此处使用how引导感叹句，how+形容词+主语+谓语。故填how。
【33题详解】
句意：但如果你不擅长控制自己，也不用担心。
根据句中“you aren’t good at controlling yourself”和“But don’t worry”都是两个独立完整的句子，此处使用连词if，表示“但如果你不擅长控制自己，也不用担心”，if意为“如果”。故填if。
【34题详解】
句意：你练习得越多，它就越强大。
根据句中“the more”和the可知，此处是the+比较级结构；get是系动词，所以此处使用形容词strong的比较级stronger，意为“更强大的”。故填stronger。
【35题详解】
句意：然而，就像任何肌肉一样，你的“意志力肌肉”也会疲劳。
根据上文中“The authors say that willpower is like a muscle.”可知，作者说意志力就像肌肉，所以此处使用like，意为“像”，表示“就像任何肌肉一样，你的‘意志力肌肉’也会疲劳”。故填like。
B
阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词,必要时进行词形变化(可添加助动词或者情态动词), 填入空白处。
promise, look, change, play, allow, hurt, give, take, love, ask, feed
It was a fine day. The sun was shining and the wind was gentle.
The kids ___36___ in their backyard when a little cat tried to cross into their yard. Unluckily, it got stuck (卡住的) under the fence (篱笆). The kids tried to free the cat, but they couldn't, so they asked their mother for help. The mother freed the cat. The cat ___37___ so cute that the children begged (乞求) to keep it. Their mother said, "I suppose we can. I don't mind myself, but you must ask your father too."
The kids waited anxiously (焦急地) for their dad back from work. "Do you think our dad ___38___ us to keep it?" the girl asked. Before the boy answered the girl, they heard their father opening the door. "Hi, daddy," they both shouted loudly at the same time.
"You are surely happier than usual to see me today. What is up?" their father said.
"Nothing, daddy. We just love you so much," the girl replied. That's when their mother said, "Go ahead. ___39___ your dad."
The girl told her dad what had happened and asked to keep the cat. The father said, "No, you can't. We ___40___ five cats so far. Your mommy and I have no time ___41___ care of any more. "Hearing this, the kids lowered (低下) their heads disappointedly.
Seeing the sad looks on the kids' faces, the father ___42___ his mind. He said, "All right. Since you ___43___ it so much, you can keep it." Hearing this, the kids happily screamed, "Hooray! Thank you, daddy!" However, the father added (补充说) that they ___44___ to look after the cat by themselves.
The kids were so happy to have another pet friend. Then the cat ____45____ the name "Lucky" by the kids.
So the cat had a place to call home.
【答案】36. were playing
37. looked 38. will allow
39. Ask 40. have fed
41. to take
42. changed
43. love 44. must promise
45. was given
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了孩子们在自家后院玩耍，看见一只猫被卡在后院的篱笆下，他们和妈妈一起救下了这只猫。这只小猫非常可爱，孩子们苦苦哀求父亲同意他们养这只小猫当宠物，最后父亲答应了。
36题详解】
句意：孩子们在后院玩耍时，一只小猫试图穿过他们的院子。
此处作谓语，根据后文是when引导的过去时的时间状语从句，可知此处用过去进行时was/were doing；根据地点状语in their backyard，可知此处选play玩耍，是动词，根据主语kids为复数，可知用were，故答案为were playing。
【37题详解】
句意：这只猫看起来如此可爱以至于孩子们都求着要养它。
此处缺谓语，根据其后是形容词，可知此处可填系动词，故选look看起来，是系动词，根据后文begged用过去时，可知此处也用过去时，故答案为looked。
【38题详解】
句意：你认为爸爸会允许我们养它吗？
此处缺谓语，根据固定搭配allow sb. to do意为“允许某人做某事”，可知选allow允许；根据语境，可知要用一般将来时will do，故答案为will allow。
【39题详解】
句意：去吧，问问你爸爸。
根据语境，可知此处用祈使句表建议或命令，应该填动词原形；根据句意，可知选ask问，是动词，故答案为Ask。
【40题详解】
句意：我们到目前为止已经喂养五只猫了。
根据时间状语so far，可知要用现在完成时have/has done；根据前文说要养猫，可知此处选feed喂养，是动词，其过去分词为fed，故答案为have fed。
【41题详解】
句意：你妈妈和我没有时间去照顾更多了。
此处作后置定语修饰其前名词time，可知用动词不定式to do；此处构成动词短语take care of，意为“照顾”，所以选take，故答案为to take。
【42题详解】
句意：看着孩子们脸上伤心的表情，这个父亲改变了主意。
此处缺谓语，根据后文said用过去时，可知此处也用过去时；根据后文父亲又答应了可以养这只猫，可知此处选change改变，是动词，故答案为changed。
【43题详解】
句意：既然你们如此喜爱它，你们可以养它。
此处作谓语，根据语境，可知用一般现在时；根据主语you指的是兄妹二人，是复数，所以填动词原形；根据句意，可知选love喜爱，是动词，故答案为love。
【44题详解】
句意：但是，这个父亲补充说，他们必须承诺自己照顾小猫。
此处作宾语从句的谓语，此处构成promise to do承诺做某事，可知此处选promise承诺，是动词；根据语境，此处要加情态动词must表“必须”，情态动词后用动词原形，故答案为must promise。
【45题详解】
句意：然后，这只猫就被孩子们取名为“Lucky”了。
此处缺谓语，根据句意，可知选give，构成give the name，意为“取名”；又主语cat和give之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态be done，give的过去分词为given，故答案为was given。
五、阅读表达
Songs about growing up
Thousands of songs about growing up are available (可得到的). They can always get a response (反应) from teenagers in some way. While listening to the songs, old or new, teenagers can always feel themselves or understand themselves.
a. Songs about being a teenager
Growing up isn't always easy. Teens always want to be independent, but parents have a hard time letting go. There can be moments of worry, uncertainty and even anger. Some songs speak of (2) those feelings and can help them get through this period.
b. Songs about(3)___________
As teenagers grow. They're likely looking toward the day when they'll be able to work hard to achieve their dreams. The Westlife's song I have a dream is well-known. The key lyrics (歌词) are "I have a dream, a song to sing. To help me cope (处理) with anything... You can take the future even if you fail". This song has encouraged so many teenagers to fight for their dreams.
c. Graduation songs
Graduation songs usually speak of the joy of this season of their life. These songs are perfect for graduation parties and get-togethers with friends. As they graduate they can sing "Today is where your book begins, the rest is still unwritten...".
When teenagers grow up, they find childhood is a bittersweet (苦乐参半的) time. (5) They've looked forward to the day for so many years and finally it is here. However, they may not be sure about whether they're ready for it. At this time, listening to songs about the sweet days of childhood can always make them relaxed.
46. What is the response from teenagers while they are listening to the songs?
______________________________________
47. What does "those feeling" refer to?
______________________________________
48. Complete the subtitle (副标题) for "b".
______________________________________
49. What are graduation songs about according to the passage?
______________________________________
50. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
______________________________________
【答案】46. They can always feel themselves or understand themselves.
47. Worry, uncertainty and even anger.
48. (teenagers' achieving/ fighting for/future) dreams
49. The joy of this (graduation) season of their life.
50. 他们期待这一天很多年了，这一天终于到来了/他们期待多年的这一天终于到来了。
【解析】
本文主要介绍了青少年成长时期喜欢听的不同类型的歌曲。
【46题详解】
题干句意：青少年在听歌时的反应是什么？
根据上文While listening to the songs, old or new, teenagers can always feel themselves or understand themselves. 在听歌曲的同时，无论是旧的还是新的，青少年总是能感觉到自己或理解自己。故答案为They can always feel themselves or understand themselves.
【47题详解】
题干句意：those feeling指的是什么？
根据上文There can be moments of worry, uncertainty and even anger. Some songs speak of (2) those feelings and can help them get through this period. 青少年可能会有忧虑、不确定甚至愤怒的时刻。有些歌曲提到这些感觉，可以帮助他们度过这一时期。可知those feeling指的是上句写到的情绪“worry, uncertainty and even anger”，故答案为Worry, uncertainty and even anger。
【48题详解】
题目要求：完成b部分的副标题。
根据上文As teenagers grow. They're likely looking toward the day when they'll be able to work hard to achieve their dreams. …fight for their dreams. 可知本段主要写了随着青少年的成长，他们可能会期待着有一天他们能够努力工作来实现他们的梦想。《我有一个梦想》这首歌激励了很多青少年为梦想而奋斗。可知本段的主题是有关青少年为梦想而奋斗的歌曲，故答案为(teenagers' achieving/ fighting for/future) dreams。
【49题详解】
题干句意：根据短文，毕业歌曲是关于什么的？
根据上文Graduation songs usually speak of the joy of this season of their life. 毕业歌曲通常会讲述他们这一季的快乐。故答案为The joy of this (graduation) season of their life.
【50题详解】
英译汉：They've looked forward to the day for so many years and finally it is here.
They他们；have looked forward to期待；the day这一天；for so many years很多年了；finally终于；it is here.这一天到来了，故翻译为：他们期待这一天很多年了，这一天终于到来了/他们期待多年的这一天终于到来了。
六、书面表达
51.少年智则国智,少年强则国强。根据下图提示写一篇英语短文, 描述作为青少年的你们将如何成长，并说明原因或目的。除了提示中的内容，请你至少再补充一条。
build up our bodies by…;
keep strong and healthy
develop some interests;
for example,…;
make ourselves fully developed
do housework; such as…;
help parents; learn to be independent (独立的)
?
要求：
1、语言通顺, 要点齐全, 意思连贯, 条理清楚, 书写规范;
2、文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称;
3、80~100词, 文章开头已给出, 不计入总词数。
As teenagers, we are the future of our homeland. We should develop ourselves fully. But how? Here is my opinion.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
As teenagers, we are the future of our homeland. We should develop ourselves fully. But how? Here is my opinion.
Basically, we should build up our bodies by taking some exercise, doing some sports, such as running, swimming, playing basketball and so on. In this way, we can keep ourselves strong and healthy/we will grow up strong and healthy.
What's more, developing some interests is a good way to make ourselves fully developed. We can learn to play the piano, sing songs, dance, collect stamps, draw pictures and so on. As a saying says. "You can never learn too much."
In addition. I think it's our duty to do some housework at home. We should help do some cleaning, water the flowers or walk the dog. Then our parents can live an easier life. Also, by doing this, we can learn to be independent and get ourselves well prepared for the future life.
If we do these things well, we will be able to grow up as a fully developed person.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：这篇作文要求我们根据提示并至少再补充一条，写一篇英语短文, 描述青少年将如何成长，并说明原因或目的。在写作时，我们可以列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达，根据需要将这些信息进行重新整理和安排，使文章的意思更自然。可以使用一些好的句型和连词，使文章上下文意思连贯。
2.例文点评：本文时态为一般现在时，人称主要为第一人称。文章紧扣题目要点，内容完整，表述准确，语言的表述符合语法的结构，造句符合英语的表达习惯。
3.高分亮点：
短语：build up；in this way；keep ourselves strong；what's more；in addition；live an easier life。
句型：宾语从句I think it's our duty to do some housework at home.
条件状语从句If we do these things well, we will be able to grow up as a fully developed person.
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