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山西省临汾市2023届高三英语下学期高考考前适应性训练（一）试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份山西省临汾市2023届高三英语下学期高考考前适应性训练（一）试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
临汾市2023年高考考前适应性训练考试(一)
英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分，不计入总分)
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.15. C.£ 9.18.
答案：[A] [B] [C]
1. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A Chinese restaurant. B. Fried chicken. C. An Italian restaurant.
2. What does the man think of the advertisement?
A. It’s cheap. B. It’s expensive. C. It’s reasonable.
3. When is the film going to be on?
A. At 7:35. B. At 7:05. C. At 7:45.
4. What is the woman going to do this weekend?
A. Have a picnic. B. Prepare for an exam. C. Have an exam.
5. What does the woman suggest they do?
A. Take the bus. B. See another show. C. Walk to the theatre.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does Graciela come to ask for help from Mr. Jenner?
A. She has a problem with her roommates.
B. She has a problem with her schoolwork.
C. She has a problem with her housing.
7. What is Graciela most probably going to do tomorrow?
A. Do the schoolwork. B. Move into a school dormitory. C. Have a bus ride trip.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How often does Sally go abroad for a trip?
A. Every month. B. Every few months. C. Once or twice a year.
9. What is the man going to do this weekend?
A. Go on a road trip. B. Visit his grandpa. C. Live in hospital.
10. What are the speakers most probably going to do next weekend?
A. Go on an outing. B. Go for a picnic. C. Travel overseas.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student.
12. What’s probably wrong with the woman?
A.She has a cold. B. She’s food poisoning. C. She has a stomachache.
13. Why does the man make a phone call?
A. To date a doctor for the woman.
B. To ask for a day’s rest for the woman.
C. To ask for a leave to look after the woman.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What kind of table does the man want to have?
A. A table far away from noise.
B. A table near the window.
C. A table for three.
15. What kind of soup is recommended to the man?
A. Meat soup. B. Fish soup. C. Vegetable soup.
16. What pie does the man ask for?
A. A pie with vegetables in it.
B. A pie with chicken in it.
C. A pie with ice cream on top.
17. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a shop.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What did Lincoln’s father do?
A. A teacher. B.A worker. C.A farmer.
19. Why couldn’t Lincoln go to school?
A. Because he was too old for school.
B. Because there was no school nearby.
C. Because his family was too poor.
20. How long did it take Mrs. Lincoln to make a trip to the town?
A. A whole day. B. Half a day. C. One and a half days.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分60分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The library is the heart of a university——its collections, services, and study spaces are central to every student’s educational journey. Let’s take a look at some famous university libraries around the world.
Magdalen College Old Library
Oxford University is famous for its academic programs, but it’s also known for its outstanding libraries that are said to include more than 11 million books. The Old Library at Magdalen College is the crown jewel of the university’s library system. It contains more than 20,000 rare books and manuscripts. Nearly all of these volumes were published before 1800.
TU Delft Library
The library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997, which has more than 862,000 books, 16,000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum. But it will only take a glance to be attracted, as it is a sight to remember. The building itself exists beneath the ground, so you can’t really see the actual library. What makes it interesting is the roof, which is a grassy hill.
Trinity College Library
The Trinity College Library in Dublin is the oldest library in Ireland, founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I. It contains more than 200,000 of the library’s oldest books. Treasures of the library’s extensive collection include a rare copy of the 1916 proclamation of the Irish Republic and a beautiful 15th century harp (竖琴).
Joe and Rika Mansueto Library
Opened in 2011, the Joe and Rika Mansueto Library at the University of Chicago is designed with a grand glass roof, perfect for staring out when you are tired. The library can hold around 3.5 million volumes through its underground automatic storage and retrieval system. If you are not already impressed, the librarians, robotic cranes, will knock your socks off. They can locate and bring you any book within an average time of 3 minutes.
1. What do Magdalen College Old Library & Trinity College Library have in common?
A. Both house stringed instruments. B. Both feature attractive designs.
C. Both boast numerous ancient books. D. Both gain recognition as crown jewels.
2. Which library possesses its own museum?
A. TU Delft Library. B. Trinity College Library.
C. Magdalen College Old Library. D. Joe and Rika Mansueto Library.
3. What may impress you most in Joe and Rika Mansueto Library?
A. The glass roof. B. The volume of books.
C. The storage system. D. The robotic librarians.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上一些著名的大学图书馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Magdalen College Old Library下的段落中“It contains more than 20,000 rare books and manuscripts. Nearly all of these volumes were published before 1800.(里面有2万多本珍本书籍和手稿。几乎所有这些卷书都是在1800年以前出版的)”以及小标题Trinity College Library下的段落中“The Trinity College Library in Dublin is the oldest library in Ireland, founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I. It contains more than 200,000of the library’s oldest books.(都柏林的三一学院图书馆是爱尔兰最古老的图书馆，由伊丽莎白女王一世于1592年建立。它收藏了20多万本图书馆最古老的书籍)”可知，Magdalen College Old Library和Trinity College Library的共同之处是两者都拥有大量的古籍。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题TU Delft Library下的段落中“The library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997,which has more than 862,000 books,16,000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum.(代尔夫特理工大学的图书馆建于1997年，拥有超过86.2万册图书，1.6万份杂志订阅和自己的博物馆)”可知，TU Delft Library有自己的博物馆。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Joe and Rika Mansueto Library下的段落中“If you are not already impressed, the librarians, robotic cranes, will knock your socks off. They can locate and bring you any book within an average time of 3 minutes.(如果你还没有印象深刻，图书管理员，机器人起重机，会让你大吃一惊。他们可以在平均3分钟内找到并给你带来任何一本书)”可知，Joe and Rika Mansueto图书馆给你印象最深的是机器人图书管理员。故选D项。
B
In 1665, Johannes Vermeer, one of the greatest painters in Netherlands, completed his masterpiece “Girl With a Pearl Earring.” On an April day 357 years later, Janine Strong slowed her bike to stop, paused her fitness app, and watched as the snaking line of her cycling route drew the shape of Vermeer’s masterpiece over the streets of Brooklyn.
Ms. Strong creates what has come to be known as “GPS art” — a practice that uses the Global Positioning System mapping capabilities of modern phone apps to create digital drawings with an athlete’s route. It has grown with the widespread availability of satellite tracking for use by ordinary people. In fact, the idea has been around since before the popularity of smartphones for fitness like Strava released in 2009.
In 2003, The New York Times Magazine told of how Jeremy Wood got the idea for GPS art. Mr. Wood said while he was using a GPS tracker on a flight and the plane flew in a holding pattern above Heath-row Airport, he was attracted by the pattern appearing on his Garmin GPS device. In recent years, technology has advanced enough to create visual maps in real time using a phone or smart watch.
“I get bored cycling on the same path in the same streets,” Ms. Strong said. “Creating GPS art gives me more reasons to hit the pavement, which makes cycling a lot easier. I always have a big smile on my face when it works out and I upload it and it’s done,” she added. “It’s a very satisfying feeling.”
To complete her digital vision of “Girl With a Pearl Earring,” she biked almost 50 miles around southern Brooklyn, carefully checking Strava to make sure each turn, circle, and straight line was achieving the shape of earring and head covering of Vermeer’s original.
4. What can we infer about Janine Strong in paragraph 1?
A. She tests a fitness app. B. She is an innovative cyclist.
C. She likes pearl earrings. D. She is a painter of some note.
5. What information can we get about GPS art?
A. It is rarely used by common people. B. It arose after the popularity of fitness apps.
C. It is based on apps’ GPS mapping functions. D. It is a practice of creating realistic drawings.
6. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The origin of GPS art. B. The prospect of GPS art.
C. The function of a GPS tracker. D. The advancement of a GPS device.
7. Who will be most likely to create GPS art?
A. Painting lovers. B. Mobile game players.
C. Software developers. D. Running enthusiasts.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了Janine Strong创作的GPS艺术，她用自己的运动轨迹绘制出了一幅名画的形状。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“On an April day 357 years later, Janine Strong slowed her bike to stop, paused her fitness app, and watched as the snaking line of her cycling route drew the shape of Vermeer’s masterpiece over the streets of Brooklyn.(357年后的一个4月，Janine Strong放慢自行车的速度停下来，暂停了健身应用程序，看着她骑自行车时蜿蜒的路线在布鲁克林的街道上勾勒出Vermeer这幅杰作的形状)”可知，Janine Strong用自己的运动轨迹绘制出了一幅名画的形状，由此可推测她是一个有创新精神的自行车手。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ms. Strong creates what has come to be known as ‘GPS art’—a practice that uses the Global Positioning System mapping capabilities of modern phone apps to create digital drawings with an athlete’s route.(Strong女士创作了所谓的‘GPS艺术’——利用现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统绘图功能，以数字方式绘制运动员的路线)”可知，“GPS艺术”是基于应用程序上GPS的绘图功能。故选C。
【6题详解】
段落大意题。根据第三段内容，结合本段中“In 2003, The New York Times Magazine told of how Jeremy Wood got the idea for GPS art.(2003年，《纽约时报》杂志讲述了Jeremy Wood是如何获得GPS艺术的灵感的)”可知，本段是讲述GPS艺术的起源。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。结合第二段中“a practice that uses the Global Positioning System mapping capabilities of modern phone apps to create digital drawings with an athlete’s route(利用现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统的绘图功能，以数字方式绘制运动员的路线)”可知，GPS艺术是跑步者利用应用程序记录跑步路线的功能来精心设计自己的运动轨迹，从而绘制出想要的图案，故跑步爱好者最有可能创造GPS艺术。故选D。
C
People are looking to make meaning after the global pandemic. And one way that some of us do this is to credit coincidences—the unexpected concurrence (同时发生) of events—with helping to find jobs, friends and spouses, make significant career decisions and relieve pains. Scholars disagree on the cause of coincidences. Some say they are random and due to probability. Others see God or spiritual forces at work. Still others say it’s our subconscious making connections. No matter the cause, people who study coincidences say that paying attention to these moments may help us, especially in times of stress.
Studies show that noticing coincidences may help boost both the effectiveness of psychotherapy and mental well-being. Michael Schauch, 42, an investment-portfolio manager in Squamish, British Columbia, who is an avid mountaineer, lost his best friend Brent last year. A few months later, Mr. Schauch climbed a mountain he and Brent often scaled together. At the summit, Mr. Schauch found hundreds of ladybugs. When he climbed a different mountain on the anniversary of Brent’s death, he saw a ladybug as he started up each new section of the rock face. “I knew at once that it was Brent, and that he was still there with me, as if to say: ‘You’ve got this, Mike. Keep going!’” he says.
Coincidences can make the world feel like it makes good sense, says David B. Yaden, an assistant professor at the Johns Hopkins University School. Varieties of spiritual experiences show a correlation (关联) between coincidences and an increase in positive emotions，better personal relationships and a greater sense of meaning in life.
Coincidences are more likely to happen to certain people. “People who are troubled by distress and searching for signs are more likely to experience coincidences,” says Bemard Beitman, a psychiatrist and a coincidence researcher. If you’d like to enhance your ability to notice coincidences, there are several strategies, says Lisa Miller, a clinical psychologist: Be open to them. Write them down. Talk about them with others. “We really need this deep inner wisdom.” she says.
8. What can we learn about coincidences from paragraph 1?
A. They happen as expected. B. They provide guidance or relief.
C. They activate subconscious mind. D. They contribute to invisible forces.
9. Why does the author mention Michael Schalch’s story?
A. To clarify the cause of coincidences.
B. To offer a method of coping with grief.
C. To show the comforting effect of coincidences.
D. To present a solid friendship between two climbers.
10. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Lucky people tend to be surprised by coincidences.
B. Wisdom is to the soul what mental health is to the body.
C. Coincidences mean more to our daily lives than the surface.
D. The more we cultivate coincidences, the more likely they happen.
11. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The meaningful moments in life. B. The hidden power of coincidences.
C. The various opinions on coincidences. D. The strategies for noticing coincidences.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了“巧合”这一心理学概念，一起研究认为其对人们和世界起到的巨大作用。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“No matter the cause, people who study coincidences say that paying attention to these moments may help us, especially in times of stress. (不管是什么原因，研究巧合的人都说，关注这些时刻可能会帮助我们，特别是在压力时期。)”可知，关注这些巧合的事情，可能对人们有所帮助，尤其当人们面临压力的时候，可推测这些巧合可能给人们提供指导或者宽慰。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“When he climbed a different mountain on the anniversary of Brent’s death, he saw a ladybug as he started up each new section of the rock face. “I knew at once that it was Brent, and that he was still there with me, as if to say: ‘You’ve got this, Mike. Keep going!’” he says. (当他在布伦特忌日爬上一座不同的山时，每开启一块新的岩石表面，他都看到一只瓢虫。他说：“我一下子就知道是布伦特，他还在那里陪着我，好像在说：‘你有这个，迈克。继续！’”。)”可知，爬山时看到和朋友布伦特之前一起看到过的瓢虫，麦可尔·沙尔奇觉得自己的朋友一直没有离开，还陪在自己身边，这缓解了他的悲伤情绪，因此可推测本文介绍他的故事，是为了呈现这种巧合带来的宽慰人的作用。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句““People who are troubled by distress and searching for signs are more likely to experience coincidences,” says Bemard Beitman, a psychiatrist and a coincidence researcher. (精神病学家和巧合研究者贝玛德·拜特曼说：“那些被痛苦困扰并寻找痛苦征兆的人更有可能经历巧合。”)”可知，专家举例表明，痛苦的人越想找到痛苦的征兆，他就越有可能体验这种巧合，即经历类似的痛苦，故从最后一段可以推测出的是人们越是去培养巧合，这种巧合越可能出现。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“No matter the cause, people who study coincidences say that paying attention to these moments may help us, especially in times of stress. (不管是什么原因，研究巧合的人都说，关注这些时刻可能会帮助我们，特别是在压力时期。)”；第二段第一句“Studies show that noticing coincidences may help boost both the effectiveness of psychotherapy and mental well-being. (研究表明，注意巧合可能有助于提高心理治疗的有效性和心理健康。)”以及第三段第一句“Coincidences can make the world feel like it makes good sense, says David B. Yaden, an assistant professor at the Johns Hopkins University School. (约翰·霍普金斯大学学院助理教授大卫·B·亚登说，巧合会让世界觉得这很有意义。)”可知，本文各段主要讲述了“巧合”对人们和世界的作用，即“巧合”隐藏着巨大的力量。故选B项。
D
After a day’s labor, Andreas Fichtner and his colleagues have spliced (绞接) together three segments of fibers, creating a 12.5-kilometer-long fiber-optic (光学的) cable. It will stay buried in the snow to spy on the activity of Grfmsvotn, a dangerous, glacier-covered volcano.
Fichtner, a geophysicist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, in Zurich, is one of the researchers using fiber optics to take the pulse of our planet. Much of their work is done in remote places, from the tops of volcanoes to the bottoms of seas, where traditional monitoring is too costly or difficult.
The technique used by Fichtner’s team is called distributed acoustic sensing, or DAS. “It’s almost like radar in the fiber,” says the physicist Giuseppe Marra of the United Kingdom’s National Physical Laboratory, in Teddington. While radar uses reflected radio waves to locate objects, DAS uses reflected light to detect events as varied as earthquake activity and moving traffic, and to determine where they occurred. Inside the cables are optical fibers. DAS involves shooting quick pulses of laser light down the fiber and detecting bits of light that scatter back to the laser source due to disturbances in the environment. When the earth’s surface vibrates and shifts, it pulls the cables, so a detector can identify these small changes.
The New York Times points out that although wireless and satellite technology are booming, good old-fashioned cables are still the most efficient way to send information across oceans. Repurposing cables could give scientists the ability to monitor high-risk zones that were previously hard to reach. They could help detect earthquakes and tsunamis a few seconds earlier than traditional warning systems.
In addition, fiber-optic cables could also help solve some of the biggest challenges for humans. In the recent years, scientists have started to use them to measure ocean waves and access fault (断层) information. It is believed that fiber-optic cables will serve to benefit us greatly in the future.
12. What is the purpose of the work of Fichtner’s team?
A. To track volcanic activities. B. To strike oil under the sea.
C. To lengthen fiber-optic cables. D. To keep fibers covered in the snow.
13. What can we learn about the technique of DAS?
A. It determines when and where disasters occurs.
B. It uses radio waves to locate moving objects.
C. It improves the efficiency of transmitting light.
D. It detects tiny variation of the earth’s surface.
14. What does the underlined expression “Repurposing cables” probably mean?
A. Recycling cables in new fields. B. Adapting cables for a new function.
C. Installing cables beneath volcanoes. D. Promoting cables into massive production.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. DAS Is Feeling the Heartbeat of Volcanoes
B. Satellite Technology Is Booming in Our Times
C. Underground Cables Are Taking the Planet’s Pulse
D. Fiber-optic Cables Are Giving Us Insights into Earthquakes
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲的是地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏以及光纤电缆在将来会给我们带来很大的好处。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“After a day’s labor, Andreas Fichtner and his colleagues have spliced (绞接) together three segments of fibers, creating a 12.5-kilometer-long fiber-optic (光学的)cable. It will stay buried in the snow to spy on the activity of Grfmsvotn, a dangerous, glacier-covered volcano.”（经过一天的劳动，Andreas Fichtner和他的同事们将三段纤维拼接在一起，形成了一根12.5公里长的光纤电缆。它将被埋在雪中，监视Grfmsvotn火山的活动，这是一座危险的冰川覆盖的火山。）可知，Fichtner团队工作的目的是追踪火山活动。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“DAS involves shooting quick pulses of laser light down the fiber and detecting bits of light that scatter back to the laser source due to disturbances in the environment. When the earth’s surface vibrates and shifts, it pulls the cables, so a detector can identify these small changes.”（DAS包括沿光纤发射快速激光脉冲，并检测由于环境干扰而散射回激光源光位。当地球表面振动和移动时，它会拉动电缆，所以探测器可以识别这些微小的变化。）可知，我们可以从DAS技术中了解到它能探测到地球表面的微小变化。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The New York Times points out that although wireless and satellite technology are booming, good old-fashioned cables are still the most efficient way to send information across oceans.”（《纽约时报》指出，尽管无线和卫星技术正在蓬勃发展，但老式的电缆仍然是跨越海洋发送信息的最有效方式。）提出老式的电缆仍然是跨越海洋发送信息的最有效方式，以及划线单词句中的“…could give scientists the ability to monitor high-risk zones that were previously hard to reach.”（可以使科学家能够监测以前难以到达的高风险地区。）可猜测，划线单词Repurposing cables为“重新调整电缆用途”，结合选项B项Adapting cables for a new function“为新功能改造电缆”意思一致。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Fichtner, a geophysicist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, in Zurich, is one of the researchers using fiber optics to take the pulse of our planet. Much of their work is done in remote places, from the tops of volcanoes to the bottoms of seas, where traditional monitoring is too costly or difficult.”（Fichtner是苏黎世瑞士联邦理工学院的地球物理学家，他是使用光纤测量地球脉动的研究人员之一。他们的大部分工作是在偏远的地方完成的，从火山顶部到海底，传统的监测太昂贵或太困难。）和最后一段“In addition, fiber-optic cables could also help solve some of the biggest challenges for humans. In the recent years, scientists have started to use them to measure ocean waves and access fault information. It is believed that fiber-optic cables will serve to benefit us greatly in the future.”（此外，光纤电缆还可以帮助解决人类面临的一些最大挑战。近年来，科学家们已经开始使用它们来测量海浪和获取故障信息。人们相信光纤电缆在将来会给我们带来很大的好处。）可知，文章主要讲的是地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏以及光纤电缆在将来会给我们带来很大的好处。故文章最好的标题是“地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏”。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The chicken or the egg—which came first? It’s probably one of the most commonly cited paradoxes (悖论)—a chicken hatches from an egg, so the egg came first, right? But then what laid the egg? ____16____That’s exactly what a paradox is—a problem that seemingly has no definitive solution and can’t be logically solved.
____17____How can work be flexible but maintain structure? How can we switch off if we’re working from home? Two contrasting ideas could cause people stress, but what if we accept the contradiction and change the way we look at it? ____18____
A paradox consists of two seemingly impossible realities that exist at the same time. ____19____ For example, holding on to change may lead to burn-out, while maintaining stability may lead to boredom. Some experts have found the acceptance of both realities and a willingness to accept them can improve both creativity and productivity by allowing you to find a path through the contradictions.
A 1996 study of geniuses by Albert Rothenberg found that those thinkers spent time considering opposites and antitheses. Consider Einstein. The theory of relativity was born out of the paradox that something could be moving and stationary at the same time, depending on perspective.
So, having a “paradox mindset” and accepting the bigger picture may help you to better understand problems. ____20____As a result, it may lead you to improving your productivity and creativity. If it worked for Einstein, maybe it could be good for you too!
A. The two ideas seem contradictory.
B. The two questions remain unanswered.
C. This is what some experts call the “paradox mindset”.
D. It could also make you happier knowing that contradictions exist.
E. Paradoxes are apparently ridiculous or self-contradictory statements.
F. Paradoxes don’t just exist in philosophical debates but also in our daily lives.
G. If you embrace one of those realities and ignore the other,it can cause problems.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了悖论的定义，以及接受“矛盾心态”可能会给你带来一些好处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The chicken or the egg—which came first? It’s probably one of the most commonly cited paradoxes —a chicken hatches from an egg, so the egg came first, right? But then what laid the egg?”（先有鸡还是先有蛋？这可能是最常被引用的悖论之一——鸡是从蛋里孵出来的，所以先有蛋，对吧？那么是什么下了蛋呢？）提出一种悖论的事实，结合常识可知，这两种观点相互矛盾。下文“That’s exactly what a paradox is—a problem that seemingly has no definitive solution and can’t be logically solved.”（这正是悖论的含义——一个似乎没有确定的解决方案，也不能用逻辑解决的问题。）可推知，空格处内容为这两种观点的评价。结合选项A项“The two ideas seem contradictory.”（这两种观点似乎相互矛盾。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选A项。
【17题详解】
由该空格处位于段落句首可知，为总结该段内容或与下文内容相关。该段下文“How can work be flexible but maintain structure? How can we switch off if we’re working from home? Two contrasting ideas could cause people stress, but what if we accept the contradiction and change the way we look at it?”（怎样才能工作灵活而又保持结构？如果我们在家工作，我们怎么能关机呢？两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力，但如果我们接受这种矛盾并改变我们看待它的方式呢？）可知，讲的是悖论存在于生活中的案例。结合选项F项“Paradoxes don’t just exist in philosophical debates but also in our daily lives.”（悖论不仅存在于哲学辩论中，也存在于我们的日常生活中。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“How can we switch off if we’re working from home? Two contrasting ideas could cause people stress, but what if we accept the contradiction and change the way we look at it?”（如果我们在家工作，我们怎么能关机呢？两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力，但如果我们接受这种矛盾并改变我们看待它的方式呢？）可知，为说明我们在工作上两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力。结合选项C项“This is what some experts call the “paradox mindset”.”（这就是一些专家所说的“矛盾心态”。）可知，为总结上文内容，为上文内容的递进。上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【19题详解】
上文“A paradox consists of two seemingly impossible realities that exist at the same time.”（悖论由两个看似不可能同时存在现实组成。）说明悖论由两个不可能同时存在的现实组成。下文“For example, holding on to change may lead to burn-out, while maintaining stability may lead to boredom.”（例如，坚持变化可能会导致倦怠，而保持稳定可能会导致无聊。）为具体举例介绍对立一方的结果。故可推断空格处内容为选择一方就会对立另一方。结合选项G项“If you embrace one of those realities and ignore the other, it can cause problems.”（如果你只接受其中一个而忽略另一个，就会产生问题。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选G项。
【20题详解】
上文“So, having a “paradox mindset” and accepting the bigger picture may help you to better understand problems.”（所以，拥有一种“矛盾心态”并接受更大的图景可能会帮助你更好地理解问题。）提到接受矛盾心态的好处。下文“As a result, it may lead you to improving your productivity and creativity.”（因此，它可能会引导你提高你的生产力和创造力。）也是介绍接受矛盾的一个好处。故可推断空格处内容与此相关。结合选项D项“It could also make you happier knowing that contradictions exist.”（知道矛盾的存在也会让你更快乐。）可知，与上下文内容相关，都是讲的接受矛盾的好处。上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After twenty-two years raising three children, I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest. Apparently, this was now my time to ____21____ into new experiences. Why, then was I not excited, but ____22____?
For a job opportunity, my husband and I moved to another state. One day, I discovered a trail only a short ____23____ from our apartment, I was thrilled and began to use it regularly. The trail meandered along a river lined with bushes and towering trees. Ducks ____24____ on the riverbanks; Canada geese flew overhead; small rabbits bounded across the pathway, ____25____ into the bushes. These small peaceful scenes provided me with a(n) ____26____, but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness.
Still, I continued to walk the path. I ____27____ something new: couples, young and old, holding hands, chatting as they walked; a father ____28____his daughter to ride her two-wheeler; a woman doing Tai Chi. They all ____29____the trail. I became fascinated with the lives of these strangers, yet still wondering if any of them feel ____30____?
One morning, an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view. She sailed by me in the ____31____direction like a marathon runner. I turned around to catch another glimpse of this one-woman wonder. She was ____32____moving forward, not letting anything hold her back. That’s when it ____33____me. Nobody was.
As I walked toward my car, remembering the elderly woman’s energy and ____34____, I made a decision. I would fill my empty nest with ____35____. I was ready for the bright future that stretched before me.
21. A. dive B. look C. turn D. fall
22. A. calm B. lonely C. different D. scared
23. A. walk B. run C. drive D. cut
24. A. planed B. skipped C. sheltered D. lazed
25. A. flashing B. rolling C. wandering D. stepping
26. A. target B. distraction C. motivation D. option
27. A. imagined B. anticipated C. spotted D. experienced
28. A. asking B. teaching C. permitting D. informing
29. A. took care of B. caught sight of C. spoke highly of D. took advantage of
30. A. satisfied B. positive C. empty D. desperate
31. A. right B. general C. opposite D. same
32. A. definitely B. blindly C. uncertainly D. independently
33. A. bothered B. hit C. upset D. interested
34. A. ambition B. curiosity C. devotion D. enthusiasm
35. A. affection B. attention C. abundance D. gratitude
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。作者在抚养三个子女长大成人后，逐渐变成了空巢老人。文章讲述了她从一开始的空虚、孤独到决定要改变现状，丰富自己的生活，积极热情地迎接未来的心路变化历程。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，现在是我投入新体验的时候了。A. dive 跳水、潜水；dive into 投入、跳入；B. look 看；look into 调查、窥视；C. turn 转动；turn into 变成；D. fall 落下；fall into 落入、陷入。根据上一句“After twenty-two years raising three children, I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest.”（在抚养三个孩子22年之后，我被介绍了一个概念：空巢。）可知，作者在孩子们长大成人后，成为了空巢老人，因此要开始投入新的生活和体验。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，为什么我不是兴奋，而是孤独呢? A. calm 平静的、镇静的；B. lonely 孤独的；C. different 不同的；D. scared 害怕的。根据句意及第二段最后一句的“but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness.”（但只是让我稍稍摆脱了孤独。）可知，作者在开始新的体验时感到孤独。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我发现了一条离我们公寓开车很近的小道，我很兴奋，开始经常用它。A. walk 步行；B. run 跑步；C. drive 开车；D. cut 伤口；short cut 捷径。根据最后一段第一句中“As I walked toward my car”（当我向我的车走去时），可知，作者是开车去的这条小道。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸭子懒洋洋地在河岸上闲逛。A. planed 滑翔；B. skipped 跳跃；C. sheltered 躲避、庇护；D. lazed 懒散、散逛。根据下文的“These small peaceful scenes provided me with a(n) 6 , but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness.”中的“peacefull scenes”可知，作者看到的是和平、宁静的景象，小动物们都生活得很悠闲、自在，所以“lazed”符合语境。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小兔子蹦蹦跳跳地穿过小径，闪进灌木丛。A. flashing 闪现；B. rolling 滚动；C. wander 闲逛；D. stepping 迈步。由句意及常识可知，小兔子一般都是蹦蹦跳跳，行动迅速，所以“闪进”灌木林符合语境。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些宁静的小场景让我可以分散一下注意力，但只是稍微让我摆脱了孤独。A. target 目标、靶子；B. distraction 分心、使人分心的事；C. motivation 动机；D. option 选择。由句意及常识可知，作者当时正处于孤独的情感中，这些宁静的场景能够使她稍稍摆脱孤独，是因为这些场景可以让她分散一下注意力，不再深陷孤独之中。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看现了一些新的景象：一对对男女，有老有少，手牵着手，边走边聊；教女儿骑两轮车的父亲；打太极的女人。A. imagined 想象；B. anticipated 预料；C. spotted 看见、发现；D. experienced 体验、经历。根据上一句“Still, I continued to walk the path.”可知，作者继续沿着小道行走，因此看到了一些新的景象。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看现了一些新的景象：一对对男女，有老有少，手牵着手，边走边聊；教女儿骑她的两轮车的父亲；打太极的女人。A. asking 问、要求；B. teaching 教、教授；C. permitting 允许；D. informing 通知。根据“his daughter to ride her two-wheeler”可知，作者看到的父亲在教自己的女儿学习骑自行车。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们都利用了这条小道。A. took care of 照顾；B. caught sight of 看见；C. spoke highly of 赞扬；D. took advantage of 利用。根据上一句“ I spotted something new: couples, young and old, holding hands, chatting as they walked; a father teaching his daughter to ride her two-wheeler; a woman doing Tai Chi. ”可知，人们都在小道上做着各自事情，都充分利用了这条小道。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始对这些陌生人的生活着迷，但仍然想知道他们中是否有人感到空虚。A. satisfied 满意的；B. positive 积极的、肯定的；C. empty 空的、空虚的；D. desperate 绝望的、孤注一掷的。根据第一段“After twenty-two years raising three children, I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest.”和“Why, then was I not excited, but lonely?”可知，作者刚刚步入空巢时期，还没有适应这种状态，所以感到很空虚和孤独；因此当她看到小道上人们的生活状态时，她被深深吸引的同时，也想知道有没有人和她一样感到空虚、孤独。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她像马拉松运动员一样从我身边朝相反的方向走去。A. right 右边的、正确的；B. general 一般的、常规的；C. opposite 相反的；D. same 相同的。根据下一句“I turned around to catch another glimpse of this one-woman wonder. ”（我转过身，想再看一眼这位独行女子的奇迹。）可知，作者需要转过身看这位女士，说明她应该是从作者对面走过，与作者是相反方向的。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她在坚定地前进，不让任何事情阻碍她。A. definitely 必定地、肯定地；B. blindly 盲目地；C. uncertainly 不确定地；D. independently 独立地。由句中“not letting anything hold her back.”可知，这位年长的女士不受任何事情的阻碍地向前行走，因此前进的目标是非常坚定的。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我突然意识到了。A. bothered 打扰；B. hit 击中；C. upset 使心烦、打乱；D. interested 使感兴趣。根据前文的“One morning, an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view. ”（一天早晨，一位老妇人握着助步车把手走进了视野。）和“She was definitely moving forward, not letting anything hold her back. ”并结合本句句意可知，这位年长的、行走不便的女士坚定不移地、不受干扰向前行走的场景触动了作者，那个时刻她突然意识没人感到孤单。it hit sb that 某人突然意识到。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走向我的车时，想起那位老妇人的精力和热情，我做了一个决定。A. amtition 雄心、抱负；B. curiosity 好奇心；C. devotion 奉献；D. enthusiasm 热情。根据上文的“One morning, an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view. ”和“She was definitely moving forward, not letting anything hold her back. ”可知，这个年长的女士虽然行走不便，却还是坚定不移地、不受干扰地向前行走，对生活充满了活力和热情。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词词义辨析。句意：我会用充实填满我的空巢。A. affection 情感；B. attention 注意力；C. abundance 丰富、充实；D. gratitude 感激。根据下一句“I was ready for the bright future that stretched before me.”（我已经为展现在我面前的美好未来做好了准备。）及全文内容可知，作者在看到了小道上人们的生活状态后，决定为自己创造美好未来，让自己的空巢生活变得丰富多彩。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xinjiang’s Hotan-Ruoqiang Railway (referred to as the Heruo Railway), the “last kilometer” of the world’s first desert railway loop(环线), was ____36____ (official) put into operation on June 16. The 825-kilometer line connects to the ____37____ (exist) Geku railway, Kahe railway, and Southern Xinjiang railway, forming a 2,712-km-long loop line circling the Taklimakan Desert.
Approximately 65% of the Heruo Railway winds ____38____ the southern edge of the Taklimakan, the world’s second-largest shifting sand desert. Thus, it’s not difficult to imagine ____39____ much effort had to be put in to achieve such a splendid structure. Most of the concrete structural components were-mass-produced in advance in the factory due to a severe water ____40____ (short) and extreme temperature differences on the site. In some sections with strong wind and shifting sand, designers built bridges to allow the sand and wind to pass beneath them, ___41___ (reduce) any harm to the line. To protect the track from potential corrosion(腐蚀) ____42____ (bring) on by sandstorms and to improve ____43____ (ecology) environment, over 13 million plants ____44____ (grow) nearby to date. And around 50 million square meters of straw squares have been used to create a green barrier to stabilize the ground.
This newly opened track brings railway service to some new places in southern Xinjiang. It will promote its economic and social development, ____45____ is important for ensuring harmony, strengthening national security and boosting rural revitalization.
【答案】36. officially
37. existing##existent
38. along 39. how
40. shortage
41. reducing
42. brought
43. ecological
44. have been grown
45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了世界首条沙漠铁路——新疆和田至若羌铁路“最后一公里”正式投入运营。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：6月16日，世界首条沙漠铁路——新疆和田至若羌铁路（简称和若铁路）的“最后一公里”正式投入运营。此处修饰动词短语put into operation，应用副词形式，故填officially。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这条825公里长的铁路与现有的格库铁路、喀和铁路和南疆铁路相连，形成了一条2712公里长的环绕塔克拉玛干沙漠的环路。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词railway，existing“现存的”，existent“存在的”，两个形容词均符合题意。故填existing/existent。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：和若铁路大约65%的路段沿着塔克拉玛干南缘蜿蜒而行，塔克拉玛干是世界第二大流沙沙漠。结合句意可知，此处表示“沿着”，用介词along。故填along。
【39题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：因此，不难想象，要实现这样一个辉煌的结构需要付出多少努力。imagine后是宾语从句，结合句意可知，此处指“多少努力”，应用“how much+不可数名词”。故填how。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：由于现场严重缺水和极端的温差，大部分混凝土结构构件都是在工厂提前批量生产的。此处应填名词作介词短语due to的宾语，shortage“短缺”，用作可数名词，由空前的a可知应用单数形式。故填shortage。
【41题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：在一些有强风和流沙的路段，设计师建造了桥梁，让沙子和风从下面通过，减少对线路的伤害。提示词在句中作结果状语，动词reduce的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填reducing。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：为了防止沙尘暴对轨道的腐蚀，改善生态环境，到目前为止，已经在轨道附近种植了1300多万株植物。动词bring和其逻辑主语corrosion之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填brought。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词environment，ecological“生态的”，形容词。故填ecological。
【44题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。根据时间状语“to date”可知句子用现在完成时，主语plants和动词grow之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，助动词用have。故填have been grown。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它将促进经济社会发展，这对维护和谐、加强国家安全、促进乡村振兴具有重要意义。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 为了丰富课余生活、缓解压力，上周日你校举办了一场高三师生足球友谊赛。作为校英文报编辑成员，请你写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 比赛目的；
2. 比赛过程；
3. 活动反响。
注意：1. 写作词数为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Teacher-student Football Friendly
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
A Teacher-Student Football Friendly
Last Sunday witnessed a Teacher-Student Football Friendly of Senior Three in our school, which aimed to enrich students’ extracurricular life and relieving pressure.
The match was intense and exciting and both teams were in high spirits. Though the teachers took the lead by one goal in the first half, the students united into one, blocking the opponent’s three shots, and their confidence was greatly boosted. Towards the end, a student player scored a goal, sending the audience into extreme excitement. Finally, the Friendly ended in a draw of 1 versus 1.
The Football Friendly was well-received by all participants, with students expressing gratitude for the school’s efforts to organize the event. Not only did the match help students cope with stress, but also it cultivated students’ courage and team spirit.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以校英文报编辑的身份写一篇足球友谊赛的报道，说明丰富课余生活、缓解压力的比赛目的，描述比赛过程，并总结比赛反响。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
旨在：aim to→be intended to/be designed to/be meant for
压力：pressure→stress/burden/strain
令人兴奋的：exciting→exhilarating/thrilling
虽然：though→although/even though/while
培养：cultivate→foster/nurture
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The match was intense and exciting and both teams were in high spirits.
拓展句：The match was intense and exciting, in which both teams were in high spirits.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Last Sunday witnessed a Teacher-Student Football Friendly of Senior Three in our school, which aimed to enrich students’ extracurricular life and relieving pressure.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Though the teachers took the lead by one goal in the first half, the students united into one, blocking the opponent’s three shots, and their confidence was greatly boosted.（运用了though引导的让步状语从句、现在分词形式作状语）
【高分句型3】Not only did the match help students cope with stress, but also it cultivated students’ courage and team spirit.（运用了not only… but also…的固定句型、not only前置引起的部分倒装）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young, the kitchen had an invisible“stop" sign put there by my mom. “No, you cannot enter here!” she always said to me. Well, I really don’t blame her as it is no place for kids.
I was just left outside in admiration, looking at what wonders the kitchen held. A few years passed by and I became very interested in food, both eating and preparing it. However, the kitchen was still out of bounds so I couldn’t experiment with cooking. But they couldn’t stop me forever now, could they?
It was early morning. Mom had gone for grocery shopping and no one else was at home. Time to strike! I walked through the dining room and there was the kitchen in front of me!
I stepped inside and took in the sight in front of me—cabinets (储藏柜 ) lining a wall, the oven (炉子) occupying the central place of another wall, the dishes sparkling like diamonds. I had seen it from outside but this time it was up close. As I hadn’t had breakfast, I decided to begin my first experience as a cook by making an omelette (煎蛋) . Sure I had seen Mom do it, so how could it be hard?
I searched the cabinets and finally found some eggs and onions. I knew the basics, so I began the work. I washed an onion first and then chopped it. Then came the egg. It took me two or three attempts to crack one open and into the bowl. I put the onion and some salt in the bowl too and mixed them. After that, I lighted the stove and put the frying pan on it and poured some oil in it... and poured some on the floor too, accidentally, of course! Till the pouring of the mixture into the pan, everything was going perfect—then I wondered what was used for turning the egg upside down in the pan.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon, I was running all over the kitchen, searching for the cooking spoon.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
While I was busy taking the burnt egg out in a plate, someone came up behind me.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Soon. I was running all over the kitchen, searching for the cooking spoon. I opened all the drawers but there was no sign of the spoon anywhere. Just as I was at a loss for what to do, I looked up and happened to find it hanging high up on the wall. Standing on a chair, I took down the spoon and made a rush to turn over the omelette. I managed to do that without breaking it or dropping it on the floor only to see a very nicely browned, or rather burnt, side up!
While I was busy taking the burnt egg out in a plate, someone came up behind me. It was Mom. I froze with fear. She was angry at seeing the kitchen in a mess, the drawers all open, and some oil on the floor. She found a fit punishment for me-i was to eat the burnt omelette. Sitting on the table and eating the omelette, I realized cooking was not so easy as it appeared. But I was happy with my accomplishment, even if it was a bit burnt, and even happier when Mom told me she would teach me how to cook!
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小的时候，妈妈不让他进厨房。作者对厨房感到好奇。一天，妈妈去杂货店买东西了，家里一个人也没有。作者没有吃早饭，决定开始自己的第一次经历作为一个厨师做了一份煎蛋。作者找到一些鸡蛋和洋葱，点燃了炉子开始煎蛋的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“很快。我在厨房里跑来跑去，找烹饪用的勺子。”可知，第一段可描写作者找到烹饪用的勺子的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“当我正忙着从盘子里拿出烧焦鸡蛋时，有人从我身后走来。”可知，第二段可描写作者妈妈看到作者在厨房所发生事情。
2.续写线索：好奇——发现机会——做煎蛋——找食材——点燃炉子——找勺子——妈妈发现——教做饭
3.词汇激活
行为类
①. 冲过去：make a rush to/ rush to
②. 意识到：realize/be aware of
情绪类
①.害怕：fear / fright
②.生气的：angry / cross
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Standing on a chair, I took down the spoon and made a rush to turn over the omelette.（由现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. I managed to do that without breaking it or dropping it on the floor only to see a very nicely browned, or rather burnt, side up!（由不定式作结果状语）
[高分句型3]. Sitting on the table and eating the omelette, I realized cooking was not so easy as it appeared.（省略连接代词that引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5 ABABC 6-10 CBCBB 11—15 ABCAC 16—20 CACBA
临汾市2023年高考考前适应性训练考试(一)
英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分，不计入总分)
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.15. C.£ 9.18.
答案：[A] [B] [C]
1. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A Chinese restaurant. B. Fried chicken. C. An Italian restaurant.
2. What does the man think of the advertisement?
A. It’s cheap. B. It’s expensive. C. It’s reasonable.
3. When is the film going to be on?
A. At 7:35. B. At 7:05. C. At 7:45.
4. What is the woman going to do this weekend?
A. Have a picnic. B. Prepare for an exam. C. Have an exam.
5. What does the woman suggest they do?
A. Take the bus. B. See another show. C. Walk to the theatre.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does Graciela come to ask for help from Mr. Jenner?
A. She has a problem with her roommates.
B. She has a problem with her schoolwork.
C. She has a problem with her housing.
7. What is Graciela most probably going to do tomorrow?
A. Do the schoolwork. B. Move into a school dormitory. C. Have a bus ride trip.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How often does Sally go abroad for a trip?
A. Every month. B. Every few months. C. Once or twice a year.
9. What is the man going to do this weekend?
A. Go on a road trip. B. Visit his grandpa. C. Live in hospital.
10. What are the speakers most probably going to do next weekend?
A. Go on an outing. B. Go for a picnic. C. Travel overseas.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student.
12. What’s probably wrong with the woman?
A.She has a cold. B. She’s food poisoning. C. She has a stomachache.
13. Why does the man make a phone call?
A. To date a doctor for the woman.
B. To ask for a day’s rest for the woman.
C. To ask for a leave to look after the woman.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What kind of table does the man want to have?
A. A table far away from noise.
B. A table near the window.
C. A table for three.
15. What kind of soup is recommended to the man?
A. Meat soup. B. Fish soup. C. Vegetable soup.
16. What pie does the man ask for?
A. A pie with vegetables in it.
B. A pie with chicken in it.
C. A pie with ice cream on top.
17. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a shop.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What did Lincoln’s father do?
A. A teacher. B.A worker. C.A farmer.
19. Why couldn’t Lincoln go to school?
A. Because he was too old for school.
B. Because there was no school nearby.
C. Because his family was too poor.
20. How long did it take Mrs. Lincoln to make a trip to the town?
A. A whole day. B. Half a day. C. One and a half days.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分60分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The library is the heart of a university——its collections, services, and study spaces are central to every student’s educational journey. Let’s take a look at some famous university libraries around the world.
Magdalen College Old Library
Oxford University is famous for its academic programs, but it’s also known for its outstanding libraries that are said to include more than 11 million books. The Old Library at Magdalen College is the crown jewel of the university’s library system. It contains more than 20,000 rare books and manuscripts. Nearly all of these volumes were published before 1800.
TU Delft Library
The library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997, which has more than 862,000 books, 16,000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum. But it will only take a glance to be attracted, as it is a sight to remember. The building itself exists beneath the ground, so you can’t really see the actual library. What makes it interesting is the roof, which is a grassy hill.
Trinity College Library
The Trinity College Library in Dublin is the oldest library in Ireland, founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I. It contains more than 200,000 of the library’s oldest books. Treasures of the library’s extensive collection include a rare copy of the 1916 proclamation of the Irish Republic and a beautiful 15th century harp (竖琴).
Joe and Rika Mansueto Library
Opened in 2011, the Joe and Rika Mansueto Library at the University of Chicago is designed with a grand glass roof, perfect for staring out when you are tired. The library can hold around 3.5 million volumes through its underground automatic storage and retrieval system. If you are not already impressed, the librarians, robotic cranes, will knock your socks off. They can locate and bring you any book within an average time of 3 minutes.
1. What do Magdalen College Old Library & Trinity College Library have in common?
A. Both house stringed instruments. B. Both feature attractive designs.
C. Both boast numerous ancient books. D. Both gain recognition as crown jewels.
2. Which library possesses its own museum?
A. TU Delft Library. B. Trinity College Library.
C. Magdalen College Old Library. D. Joe and Rika Mansueto Library.
3. What may impress you most in Joe and Rika Mansueto Library?
A. The glass roof. B. The volume of books.
C. The storage system. D. The robotic librarians.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上一些著名的大学图书馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Magdalen College Old Library下的段落中“It contains more than 20,000 rare books and manuscripts. Nearly all of these volumes were published before 1800.(里面有2万多本珍本书籍和手稿。几乎所有这些卷书都是在1800年以前出版的)”以及小标题Trinity College Library下的段落中“The Trinity College Library in Dublin is the oldest library in Ireland, founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I. It contains more than 200,000of the library’s oldest books.(都柏林的三一学院图书馆是爱尔兰最古老的图书馆，由伊丽莎白女王一世于1592年建立。它收藏了20多万本图书馆最古老的书籍)”可知，Magdalen College Old Library和Trinity College Library的共同之处是两者都拥有大量的古籍。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题TU Delft Library下的段落中“The library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997,which has more than 862,000 books,16,000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum.(代尔夫特理工大学的图书馆建于1997年，拥有超过86.2万册图书，1.6万份杂志订阅和自己的博物馆)”可知，TU Delft Library有自己的博物馆。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Joe and Rika Mansueto Library下的段落中“If you are not already impressed, the librarians, robotic cranes, will knock your socks off. They can locate and bring you any book within an average time of 3 minutes.(如果你还没有印象深刻，图书管理员，机器人起重机，会让你大吃一惊。他们可以在平均3分钟内找到并给你带来任何一本书)”可知，Joe and Rika Mansueto图书馆给你印象最深的是机器人图书管理员。故选D项。
B
In 1665, Johannes Vermeer, one of the greatest painters in Netherlands, completed his masterpiece “Girl With a Pearl Earring.” On an April day 357 years later, Janine Strong slowed her bike to stop, paused her fitness app, and watched as the snaking line of her cycling route drew the shape of Vermeer’s masterpiece over the streets of Brooklyn.
Ms. Strong creates what has come to be known as “GPS art” — a practice that uses the Global Positioning System mapping capabilities of modern phone apps to create digital drawings with an athlete’s route. It has grown with the widespread availability of satellite tracking for use by ordinary people. In fact, the idea has been around since before the popularity of smartphones for fitness like Strava released in 2009.
In 2003, The New York Times Magazine told of how Jeremy Wood got the idea for GPS art. Mr. Wood said while he was using a GPS tracker on a flight and the plane flew in a holding pattern above Heath-row Airport, he was attracted by the pattern appearing on his Garmin GPS device. In recent years, technology has advanced enough to create visual maps in real time using a phone or smart watch.
“I get bored cycling on the same path in the same streets,” Ms. Strong said. “Creating GPS art gives me more reasons to hit the pavement, which makes cycling a lot easier. I always have a big smile on my face when it works out and I upload it and it’s done,” she added. “It’s a very satisfying feeling.”
To complete her digital vision of “Girl With a Pearl Earring,” she biked almost 50 miles around southern Brooklyn, carefully checking Strava to make sure each turn, circle, and straight line was achieving the shape of earring and head covering of Vermeer’s original.
4. What can we infer about Janine Strong in paragraph 1?
A. She tests a fitness app. B. She is an innovative cyclist.
C. She likes pearl earrings. D. She is a painter of some note.
5. What information can we get about GPS art?
A. It is rarely used by common people. B. It arose after the popularity of fitness apps.
C. It is based on apps’ GPS mapping functions. D. It is a practice of creating realistic drawings.
6. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The origin of GPS art. B. The prospect of GPS art.
C. The function of a GPS tracker. D. The advancement of a GPS device.
7. Who will be most likely to create GPS art?
A. Painting lovers. B. Mobile game players.
C. Software developers. D. Running enthusiasts.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了Janine Strong创作的GPS艺术，她用自己的运动轨迹绘制出了一幅名画的形状。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“On an April day 357 years later, Janine Strong slowed her bike to stop, paused her fitness app, and watched as the snaking line of her cycling route drew the shape of Vermeer’s masterpiece over the streets of Brooklyn.(357年后的一个4月，Janine Strong放慢自行车的速度停下来，暂停了健身应用程序，看着她骑自行车时蜿蜒的路线在布鲁克林的街道上勾勒出Vermeer这幅杰作的形状)”可知，Janine Strong用自己的运动轨迹绘制出了一幅名画的形状，由此可推测她是一个有创新精神的自行车手。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ms. Strong creates what has come to be known as ‘GPS art’—a practice that uses the Global Positioning System mapping capabilities of modern phone apps to create digital drawings with an athlete’s route.(Strong女士创作了所谓的‘GPS艺术’——利用现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统绘图功能，以数字方式绘制运动员的路线)”可知，“GPS艺术”是基于应用程序上GPS的绘图功能。故选C。
【6题详解】
段落大意题。根据第三段内容，结合本段中“In 2003, The New York Times Magazine told of how Jeremy Wood got the idea for GPS art.(2003年，《纽约时报》杂志讲述了Jeremy Wood是如何获得GPS艺术的灵感的)”可知，本段是讲述GPS艺术的起源。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。结合第二段中“a practice that uses the Global Positioning System mapping capabilities of modern phone apps to create digital drawings with an athlete’s route(利用现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统的绘图功能，以数字方式绘制运动员的路线)”可知，GPS艺术是跑步者利用应用程序记录跑步路线的功能来精心设计自己的运动轨迹，从而绘制出想要的图案，故跑步爱好者最有可能创造GPS艺术。故选D。
C
People are looking to make meaning after the global pandemic. And one way that some of us do this is to credit coincidences—the unexpected concurrence (同时发生) of events—with helping to find jobs, friends and spouses, make significant career decisions and relieve pains. Scholars disagree on the cause of coincidences. Some say they are random and due to probability. Others see God or spiritual forces at work. Still others say it’s our subconscious making connections. No matter the cause, people who study coincidences say that paying attention to these moments may help us, especially in times of stress.
Studies show that noticing coincidences may help boost both the effectiveness of psychotherapy and mental well-being. Michael Schauch, 42, an investment-portfolio manager in Squamish, British Columbia, who is an avid mountaineer, lost his best friend Brent last year. A few months later, Mr. Schauch climbed a mountain he and Brent often scaled together. At the summit, Mr. Schauch found hundreds of ladybugs. When he climbed a different mountain on the anniversary of Brent’s death, he saw a ladybug as he started up each new section of the rock face. “I knew at once that it was Brent, and that he was still there with me, as if to say: ‘You’ve got this, Mike. Keep going!’” he says.
Coincidences can make the world feel like it makes good sense, says David B. Yaden, an assistant professor at the Johns Hopkins University School. Varieties of spiritual experiences show a correlation (关联) between coincidences and an increase in positive emotions，better personal relationships and a greater sense of meaning in life.
Coincidences are more likely to happen to certain people. “People who are troubled by distress and searching for signs are more likely to experience coincidences,” says Bemard Beitman, a psychiatrist and a coincidence researcher. If you’d like to enhance your ability to notice coincidences, there are several strategies, says Lisa Miller, a clinical psychologist: Be open to them. Write them down. Talk about them with others. “We really need this deep inner wisdom.” she says.
8. What can we learn about coincidences from paragraph 1?
A. They happen as expected. B. They provide guidance or relief.
C. They activate subconscious mind. D. They contribute to invisible forces.
9. Why does the author mention Michael Schalch’s story?
A. To clarify the cause of coincidences.
B. To offer a method of coping with grief.
C. To show the comforting effect of coincidences.
D. To present a solid friendship between two climbers.
10. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Lucky people tend to be surprised by coincidences.
B. Wisdom is to the soul what mental health is to the body.
C. Coincidences mean more to our daily lives than the surface.
D. The more we cultivate coincidences, the more likely they happen.
11. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The meaningful moments in life. B. The hidden power of coincidences.
C. The various opinions on coincidences. D. The strategies for noticing coincidences.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了“巧合”这一心理学概念，一起研究认为其对人们和世界起到的巨大作用。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“No matter the cause, people who study coincidences say that paying attention to these moments may help us, especially in times of stress. (不管是什么原因，研究巧合的人都说，关注这些时刻可能会帮助我们，特别是在压力时期。)”可知，关注这些巧合的事情，可能对人们有所帮助，尤其当人们面临压力的时候，可推测这些巧合可能给人们提供指导或者宽慰。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“When he climbed a different mountain on the anniversary of Brent’s death, he saw a ladybug as he started up each new section of the rock face. “I knew at once that it was Brent, and that he was still there with me, as if to say: ‘You’ve got this, Mike. Keep going!’” he says. (当他在布伦特忌日爬上一座不同的山时，每开启一块新的岩石表面，他都看到一只瓢虫。他说：“我一下子就知道是布伦特，他还在那里陪着我，好像在说：‘你有这个，迈克。继续！’”。)”可知，爬山时看到和朋友布伦特之前一起看到过的瓢虫，麦可尔·沙尔奇觉得自己的朋友一直没有离开，还陪在自己身边，这缓解了他的悲伤情绪，因此可推测本文介绍他的故事，是为了呈现这种巧合带来的宽慰人的作用。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句““People who are troubled by distress and searching for signs are more likely to experience coincidences,” says Bemard Beitman, a psychiatrist and a coincidence researcher. (精神病学家和巧合研究者贝玛德·拜特曼说：“那些被痛苦困扰并寻找痛苦征兆的人更有可能经历巧合。”)”可知，专家举例表明，痛苦的人越想找到痛苦的征兆，他就越有可能体验这种巧合，即经历类似的痛苦，故从最后一段可以推测出的是人们越是去培养巧合，这种巧合越可能出现。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“No matter the cause, people who study coincidences say that paying attention to these moments may help us, especially in times of stress. (不管是什么原因，研究巧合的人都说，关注这些时刻可能会帮助我们，特别是在压力时期。)”；第二段第一句“Studies show that noticing coincidences may help boost both the effectiveness of psychotherapy and mental well-being. (研究表明，注意巧合可能有助于提高心理治疗的有效性和心理健康。)”以及第三段第一句“Coincidences can make the world feel like it makes good sense, says David B. Yaden, an assistant professor at the Johns Hopkins University School. (约翰·霍普金斯大学学院助理教授大卫·B·亚登说，巧合会让世界觉得这很有意义。)”可知，本文各段主要讲述了“巧合”对人们和世界的作用，即“巧合”隐藏着巨大的力量。故选B项。
D
After a day’s labor, Andreas Fichtner and his colleagues have spliced (绞接) together three segments of fibers, creating a 12.5-kilometer-long fiber-optic (光学的) cable. It will stay buried in the snow to spy on the activity of Grfmsvotn, a dangerous, glacier-covered volcano.
Fichtner, a geophysicist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, in Zurich, is one of the researchers using fiber optics to take the pulse of our planet. Much of their work is done in remote places, from the tops of volcanoes to the bottoms of seas, where traditional monitoring is too costly or difficult.
The technique used by Fichtner’s team is called distributed acoustic sensing, or DAS. “It’s almost like radar in the fiber,” says the physicist Giuseppe Marra of the United Kingdom’s National Physical Laboratory, in Teddington. While radar uses reflected radio waves to locate objects, DAS uses reflected light to detect events as varied as earthquake activity and moving traffic, and to determine where they occurred. Inside the cables are optical fibers. DAS involves shooting quick pulses of laser light down the fiber and detecting bits of light that scatter back to the laser source due to disturbances in the environment. When the earth’s surface vibrates and shifts, it pulls the cables, so a detector can identify these small changes.
The New York Times points out that although wireless and satellite technology are booming, good old-fashioned cables are still the most efficient way to send information across oceans. Repurposing cables could give scientists the ability to monitor high-risk zones that were previously hard to reach. They could help detect earthquakes and tsunamis a few seconds earlier than traditional warning systems.
In addition, fiber-optic cables could also help solve some of the biggest challenges for humans. In the recent years, scientists have started to use them to measure ocean waves and access fault (断层) information. It is believed that fiber-optic cables will serve to benefit us greatly in the future.
12. What is the purpose of the work of Fichtner’s team?
A. To track volcanic activities. B. To strike oil under the sea.
C. To lengthen fiber-optic cables. D. To keep fibers covered in the snow.
13. What can we learn about the technique of DAS?
A. It determines when and where disasters occurs.
B. It uses radio waves to locate moving objects.
C. It improves the efficiency of transmitting light.
D. It detects tiny variation of the earth’s surface.
14. What does the underlined expression “Repurposing cables” probably mean?
A. Recycling cables in new fields. B. Adapting cables for a new function.
C. Installing cables beneath volcanoes. D. Promoting cables into massive production.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. DAS Is Feeling the Heartbeat of Volcanoes
B. Satellite Technology Is Booming in Our Times
C. Underground Cables Are Taking the Planet’s Pulse
D. Fiber-optic Cables Are Giving Us Insights into Earthquakes
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲的是地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏以及光纤电缆在将来会给我们带来很大的好处。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“After a day’s labor, Andreas Fichtner and his colleagues have spliced (绞接) together three segments of fibers, creating a 12.5-kilometer-long fiber-optic (光学的)cable. It will stay buried in the snow to spy on the activity of Grfmsvotn, a dangerous, glacier-covered volcano.”（经过一天的劳动，Andreas Fichtner和他的同事们将三段纤维拼接在一起，形成了一根12.5公里长的光纤电缆。它将被埋在雪中，监视Grfmsvotn火山的活动，这是一座危险的冰川覆盖的火山。）可知，Fichtner团队工作的目的是追踪火山活动。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“DAS involves shooting quick pulses of laser light down the fiber and detecting bits of light that scatter back to the laser source due to disturbances in the environment. When the earth’s surface vibrates and shifts, it pulls the cables, so a detector can identify these small changes.”（DAS包括沿光纤发射快速激光脉冲，并检测由于环境干扰而散射回激光源光位。当地球表面振动和移动时，它会拉动电缆，所以探测器可以识别这些微小的变化。）可知，我们可以从DAS技术中了解到它能探测到地球表面的微小变化。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The New York Times points out that although wireless and satellite technology are booming, good old-fashioned cables are still the most efficient way to send information across oceans.”（《纽约时报》指出，尽管无线和卫星技术正在蓬勃发展，但老式的电缆仍然是跨越海洋发送信息的最有效方式。）提出老式的电缆仍然是跨越海洋发送信息的最有效方式，以及划线单词句中的“…could give scientists the ability to monitor high-risk zones that were previously hard to reach.”（可以使科学家能够监测以前难以到达的高风险地区。）可猜测，划线单词Repurposing cables为“重新调整电缆用途”，结合选项B项Adapting cables for a new function“为新功能改造电缆”意思一致。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Fichtner, a geophysicist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, in Zurich, is one of the researchers using fiber optics to take the pulse of our planet. Much of their work is done in remote places, from the tops of volcanoes to the bottoms of seas, where traditional monitoring is too costly or difficult.”（Fichtner是苏黎世瑞士联邦理工学院的地球物理学家，他是使用光纤测量地球脉动的研究人员之一。他们的大部分工作是在偏远的地方完成的，从火山顶部到海底，传统的监测太昂贵或太困难。）和最后一段“In addition, fiber-optic cables could also help solve some of the biggest challenges for humans. In the recent years, scientists have started to use them to measure ocean waves and access fault information. It is believed that fiber-optic cables will serve to benefit us greatly in the future.”（此外，光纤电缆还可以帮助解决人类面临的一些最大挑战。近年来，科学家们已经开始使用它们来测量海浪和获取故障信息。人们相信光纤电缆在将来会给我们带来很大的好处。）可知，文章主要讲的是地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏以及光纤电缆在将来会给我们带来很大的好处。故文章最好的标题是“地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏”。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The chicken or the egg—which came first? It’s probably one of the most commonly cited paradoxes (悖论)—a chicken hatches from an egg, so the egg came first, right? But then what laid the egg? ____16____That’s exactly what a paradox is—a problem that seemingly has no definitive solution and can’t be logically solved.
____17____How can work be flexible but maintain structure? How can we switch off if we’re working from home? Two contrasting ideas could cause people stress, but what if we accept the contradiction and change the way we look at it? ____18____
A paradox consists of two seemingly impossible realities that exist at the same time. ____19____ For example, holding on to change may lead to burn-out, while maintaining stability may lead to boredom. Some experts have found the acceptance of both realities and a willingness to accept them can improve both creativity and productivity by allowing you to find a path through the contradictions.
A 1996 study of geniuses by Albert Rothenberg found that those thinkers spent time considering opposites and antitheses. Consider Einstein. The theory of relativity was born out of the paradox that something could be moving and stationary at the same time, depending on perspective.
So, having a “paradox mindset” and accepting the bigger picture may help you to better understand problems. ____20____As a result, it may lead you to improving your productivity and creativity. If it worked for Einstein, maybe it could be good for you too!
A. The two ideas seem contradictory.
B. The two questions remain unanswered.
C. This is what some experts call the “paradox mindset”.
D. It could also make you happier knowing that contradictions exist.
E. Paradoxes are apparently ridiculous or self-contradictory statements.
F. Paradoxes don’t just exist in philosophical debates but also in our daily lives.
G. If you embrace one of those realities and ignore the other,it can cause problems.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了悖论的定义，以及接受“矛盾心态”可能会给你带来一些好处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The chicken or the egg—which came first? It’s probably one of the most commonly cited paradoxes —a chicken hatches from an egg, so the egg came first, right? But then what laid the egg?”（先有鸡还是先有蛋？这可能是最常被引用的悖论之一——鸡是从蛋里孵出来的，所以先有蛋，对吧？那么是什么下了蛋呢？）提出一种悖论的事实，结合常识可知，这两种观点相互矛盾。下文“That’s exactly what a paradox is—a problem that seemingly has no definitive solution and can’t be logically solved.”（这正是悖论的含义——一个似乎没有确定的解决方案，也不能用逻辑解决的问题。）可推知，空格处内容为这两种观点的评价。结合选项A项“The two ideas seem contradictory.”（这两种观点似乎相互矛盾。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选A项。
【17题详解】
由该空格处位于段落句首可知，为总结该段内容或与下文内容相关。该段下文“How can work be flexible but maintain structure? How can we switch off if we’re working from home? Two contrasting ideas could cause people stress, but what if we accept the contradiction and change the way we look at it?”（怎样才能工作灵活而又保持结构？如果我们在家工作，我们怎么能关机呢？两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力，但如果我们接受这种矛盾并改变我们看待它的方式呢？）可知，讲的是悖论存在于生活中的案例。结合选项F项“Paradoxes don’t just exist in philosophical debates but also in our daily lives.”（悖论不仅存在于哲学辩论中，也存在于我们的日常生活中。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“How can we switch off if we’re working from home? Two contrasting ideas could cause people stress, but what if we accept the contradiction and change the way we look at it?”（如果我们在家工作，我们怎么能关机呢？两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力，但如果我们接受这种矛盾并改变我们看待它的方式呢？）可知，为说明我们在工作上两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力。结合选项C项“This is what some experts call the “paradox mindset”.”（这就是一些专家所说的“矛盾心态”。）可知，为总结上文内容，为上文内容的递进。上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【19题详解】
上文“A paradox consists of two seemingly impossible realities that exist at the same time.”（悖论由两个看似不可能同时存在现实组成。）说明悖论由两个不可能同时存在的现实组成。下文“For example, holding on to change may lead to burn-out, while maintaining stability may lead to boredom.”（例如，坚持变化可能会导致倦怠，而保持稳定可能会导致无聊。）为具体举例介绍对立一方的结果。故可推断空格处内容为选择一方就会对立另一方。结合选项G项“If you embrace one of those realities and ignore the other, it can cause problems.”（如果你只接受其中一个而忽略另一个，就会产生问题。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选G项。
【20题详解】
上文“So, having a “paradox mindset” and accepting the bigger picture may help you to better understand problems.”（所以，拥有一种“矛盾心态”并接受更大的图景可能会帮助你更好地理解问题。）提到接受矛盾心态的好处。下文“As a result, it may lead you to improving your productivity and creativity.”（因此，它可能会引导你提高你的生产力和创造力。）也是介绍接受矛盾的一个好处。故可推断空格处内容与此相关。结合选项D项“It could also make you happier knowing that contradictions exist.”（知道矛盾的存在也会让你更快乐。）可知，与上下文内容相关，都是讲的接受矛盾的好处。上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After twenty-two years raising three children, I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest. Apparently, this was now my time to ____21____ into new experiences. Why, then was I not excited, but ____22____?
For a job opportunity, my husband and I moved to another state. One day, I discovered a trail only a short ____23____ from our apartment, I was thrilled and began to use it regularly. The trail meandered along a river lined with bushes and towering trees. Ducks ____24____ on the riverbanks; Canada geese flew overhead; small rabbits bounded across the pathway, ____25____ into the bushes. These small peaceful scenes provided me with a(n) ____26____, but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness.
Still, I continued to walk the path. I ____27____ something new: couples, young and old, holding hands, chatting as they walked; a father ____28____his daughter to ride her two-wheeler; a woman doing Tai Chi. They all ____29____the trail. I became fascinated with the lives of these strangers, yet still wondering if any of them feel ____30____?
One morning, an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view. She sailed by me in the ____31____direction like a marathon runner. I turned around to catch another glimpse of this one-woman wonder. She was ____32____moving forward, not letting anything hold her back. That’s when it ____33____me. Nobody was.
As I walked toward my car, remembering the elderly woman’s energy and ____34____, I made a decision. I would fill my empty nest with ____35____. I was ready for the bright future that stretched before me.
21. A. dive B. look C. turn D. fall
22. A. calm B. lonely C. different D. scared
23. A. walk B. run C. drive D. cut
24. A. planed B. skipped C. sheltered D. lazed
25. A. flashing B. rolling C. wandering D. stepping
26. A. target B. distraction C. motivation D. option
27. A. imagined B. anticipated C. spotted D. experienced
28. A. asking B. teaching C. permitting D. informing
29. A. took care of B. caught sight of C. spoke highly of D. took advantage of
30. A. satisfied B. positive C. empty D. desperate
31. A. right B. general C. opposite D. same
32. A. definitely B. blindly C. uncertainly D. independently
33. A. bothered B. hit C. upset D. interested
34. A. ambition B. curiosity C. devotion D. enthusiasm
35. A. affection B. attention C. abundance D. gratitude
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。作者在抚养三个子女长大成人后，逐渐变成了空巢老人。文章讲述了她从一开始的空虚、孤独到决定要改变现状，丰富自己的生活，积极热情地迎接未来的心路变化历程。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，现在是我投入新体验的时候了。A. dive 跳水、潜水；dive into 投入、跳入；B. look 看；look into 调查、窥视；C. turn 转动；turn into 变成；D. fall 落下；fall into 落入、陷入。根据上一句“After twenty-two years raising three children, I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest.”（在抚养三个孩子22年之后，我被介绍了一个概念：空巢。）可知，作者在孩子们长大成人后，成为了空巢老人，因此要开始投入新的生活和体验。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，为什么我不是兴奋，而是孤独呢? A. calm 平静的、镇静的；B. lonely 孤独的；C. different 不同的；D. scared 害怕的。根据句意及第二段最后一句的“but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness.”（但只是让我稍稍摆脱了孤独。）可知，作者在开始新的体验时感到孤独。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我发现了一条离我们公寓开车很近的小道，我很兴奋，开始经常用它。A. walk 步行；B. run 跑步；C. drive 开车；D. cut 伤口；short cut 捷径。根据最后一段第一句中“As I walked toward my car”（当我向我的车走去时），可知，作者是开车去的这条小道。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸭子懒洋洋地在河岸上闲逛。A. planed 滑翔；B. skipped 跳跃；C. sheltered 躲避、庇护；D. lazed 懒散、散逛。根据下文的“These small peaceful scenes provided me with a(n) 6 , but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness.”中的“peacefull scenes”可知，作者看到的是和平、宁静的景象，小动物们都生活得很悠闲、自在，所以“lazed”符合语境。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小兔子蹦蹦跳跳地穿过小径，闪进灌木丛。A. flashing 闪现；B. rolling 滚动；C. wander 闲逛；D. stepping 迈步。由句意及常识可知，小兔子一般都是蹦蹦跳跳，行动迅速，所以“闪进”灌木林符合语境。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些宁静的小场景让我可以分散一下注意力，但只是稍微让我摆脱了孤独。A. target 目标、靶子；B. distraction 分心、使人分心的事；C. motivation 动机；D. option 选择。由句意及常识可知，作者当时正处于孤独的情感中，这些宁静的场景能够使她稍稍摆脱孤独，是因为这些场景可以让她分散一下注意力，不再深陷孤独之中。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看现了一些新的景象：一对对男女，有老有少，手牵着手，边走边聊；教女儿骑两轮车的父亲；打太极的女人。A. imagined 想象；B. anticipated 预料；C. spotted 看见、发现；D. experienced 体验、经历。根据上一句“Still, I continued to walk the path.”可知，作者继续沿着小道行走，因此看到了一些新的景象。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看现了一些新的景象：一对对男女，有老有少，手牵着手，边走边聊；教女儿骑她的两轮车的父亲；打太极的女人。A. asking 问、要求；B. teaching 教、教授；C. permitting 允许；D. informing 通知。根据“his daughter to ride her two-wheeler”可知，作者看到的父亲在教自己的女儿学习骑自行车。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们都利用了这条小道。A. took care of 照顾；B. caught sight of 看见；C. spoke highly of 赞扬；D. took advantage of 利用。根据上一句“ I spotted something new: couples, young and old, holding hands, chatting as they walked; a father teaching his daughter to ride her two-wheeler; a woman doing Tai Chi. ”可知，人们都在小道上做着各自事情，都充分利用了这条小道。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始对这些陌生人的生活着迷，但仍然想知道他们中是否有人感到空虚。A. satisfied 满意的；B. positive 积极的、肯定的；C. empty 空的、空虚的；D. desperate 绝望的、孤注一掷的。根据第一段“After twenty-two years raising three children, I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest.”和“Why, then was I not excited, but lonely?”可知，作者刚刚步入空巢时期，还没有适应这种状态，所以感到很空虚和孤独；因此当她看到小道上人们的生活状态时，她被深深吸引的同时，也想知道有没有人和她一样感到空虚、孤独。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她像马拉松运动员一样从我身边朝相反的方向走去。A. right 右边的、正确的；B. general 一般的、常规的；C. opposite 相反的；D. same 相同的。根据下一句“I turned around to catch another glimpse of this one-woman wonder. ”（我转过身，想再看一眼这位独行女子的奇迹。）可知，作者需要转过身看这位女士，说明她应该是从作者对面走过，与作者是相反方向的。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她在坚定地前进，不让任何事情阻碍她。A. definitely 必定地、肯定地；B. blindly 盲目地；C. uncertainly 不确定地；D. independently 独立地。由句中“not letting anything hold her back.”可知，这位年长的女士不受任何事情的阻碍地向前行走，因此前进的目标是非常坚定的。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我突然意识到了。A. bothered 打扰；B. hit 击中；C. upset 使心烦、打乱；D. interested 使感兴趣。根据前文的“One morning, an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view. ”（一天早晨，一位老妇人握着助步车把手走进了视野。）和“She was definitely moving forward, not letting anything hold her back. ”并结合本句句意可知，这位年长的、行走不便的女士坚定不移地、不受干扰向前行走的场景触动了作者，那个时刻她突然意识没人感到孤单。it hit sb that 某人突然意识到。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走向我的车时，想起那位老妇人的精力和热情，我做了一个决定。A. amtition 雄心、抱负；B. curiosity 好奇心；C. devotion 奉献；D. enthusiasm 热情。根据上文的“One morning, an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view. ”和“She was definitely moving forward, not letting anything hold her back. ”可知，这个年长的女士虽然行走不便，却还是坚定不移地、不受干扰地向前行走，对生活充满了活力和热情。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词词义辨析。句意：我会用充实填满我的空巢。A. affection 情感；B. attention 注意力；C. abundance 丰富、充实；D. gratitude 感激。根据下一句“I was ready for the bright future that stretched before me.”（我已经为展现在我面前的美好未来做好了准备。）及全文内容可知，作者在看到了小道上人们的生活状态后，决定为自己创造美好未来，让自己的空巢生活变得丰富多彩。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xinjiang’s Hotan-Ruoqiang Railway (referred to as the Heruo Railway), the “last kilometer” of the world’s first desert railway loop(环线), was ____36____ (official) put into operation on June 16. The 825-kilometer line connects to the ____37____ (exist) Geku railway, Kahe railway, and Southern Xinjiang railway, forming a 2,712-km-long loop line circling the Taklimakan Desert.
Approximately 65% of the Heruo Railway winds ____38____ the southern edge of the Taklimakan, the world’s second-largest shifting sand desert. Thus, it’s not difficult to imagine ____39____ much effort had to be put in to achieve such a splendid structure. Most of the concrete structural components were-mass-produced in advance in the factory due to a severe water ____40____ (short) and extreme temperature differences on the site. In some sections with strong wind and shifting sand, designers built bridges to allow the sand and wind to pass beneath them, ___41___ (reduce) any harm to the line. To protect the track from potential corrosion(腐蚀) ____42____ (bring) on by sandstorms and to improve ____43____ (ecology) environment, over 13 million plants ____44____ (grow) nearby to date. And around 50 million square meters of straw squares have been used to create a green barrier to stabilize the ground.
This newly opened track brings railway service to some new places in southern Xinjiang. It will promote its economic and social development, ____45____ is important for ensuring harmony, strengthening national security and boosting rural revitalization.
【答案】36. officially
37. existing##existent
38. along 39. how
40. shortage
41. reducing
42. brought
43. ecological
44. have been grown
45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了世界首条沙漠铁路——新疆和田至若羌铁路“最后一公里”正式投入运营。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：6月16日，世界首条沙漠铁路——新疆和田至若羌铁路（简称和若铁路）的“最后一公里”正式投入运营。此处修饰动词短语put into operation，应用副词形式，故填officially。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这条825公里长的铁路与现有的格库铁路、喀和铁路和南疆铁路相连，形成了一条2712公里长的环绕塔克拉玛干沙漠的环路。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词railway，existing“现存的”，existent“存在的”，两个形容词均符合题意。故填existing/existent。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：和若铁路大约65%的路段沿着塔克拉玛干南缘蜿蜒而行，塔克拉玛干是世界第二大流沙沙漠。结合句意可知，此处表示“沿着”，用介词along。故填along。
【39题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：因此，不难想象，要实现这样一个辉煌的结构需要付出多少努力。imagine后是宾语从句，结合句意可知，此处指“多少努力”，应用“how much+不可数名词”。故填how。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：由于现场严重缺水和极端的温差，大部分混凝土结构构件都是在工厂提前批量生产的。此处应填名词作介词短语due to的宾语，shortage“短缺”，用作可数名词，由空前的a可知应用单数形式。故填shortage。
【41题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：在一些有强风和流沙的路段，设计师建造了桥梁，让沙子和风从下面通过，减少对线路的伤害。提示词在句中作结果状语，动词reduce的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填reducing。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：为了防止沙尘暴对轨道的腐蚀，改善生态环境，到目前为止，已经在轨道附近种植了1300多万株植物。动词bring和其逻辑主语corrosion之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填brought。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词environment，ecological“生态的”，形容词。故填ecological。
【44题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。根据时间状语“to date”可知句子用现在完成时，主语plants和动词grow之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，助动词用have。故填have been grown。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它将促进经济社会发展，这对维护和谐、加强国家安全、促进乡村振兴具有重要意义。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 为了丰富课余生活、缓解压力，上周日你校举办了一场高三师生足球友谊赛。作为校英文报编辑成员，请你写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 比赛目的；
2. 比赛过程；
3. 活动反响。
注意：1. 写作词数为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Teacher-student Football Friendly
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
A Teacher-Student Football Friendly
Last Sunday witnessed a Teacher-Student Football Friendly of Senior Three in our school, which aimed to enrich students’ extracurricular life and relieving pressure.
The match was intense and exciting and both teams were in high spirits. Though the teachers took the lead by one goal in the first half, the students united into one, blocking the opponent’s three shots, and their confidence was greatly boosted. Towards the end, a student player scored a goal, sending the audience into extreme excitement. Finally, the Friendly ended in a draw of 1 versus 1.
The Football Friendly was well-received by all participants, with students expressing gratitude for the school’s efforts to organize the event. Not only did the match help students cope with stress, but also it cultivated students’ courage and team spirit.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以校英文报编辑的身份写一篇足球友谊赛的报道，说明丰富课余生活、缓解压力的比赛目的，描述比赛过程，并总结比赛反响。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
旨在：aim to→be intended to/be designed to/be meant for
压力：pressure→stress/burden/strain
令人兴奋的：exciting→exhilarating/thrilling
虽然：though→although/even though/while
培养：cultivate→foster/nurture
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The match was intense and exciting and both teams were in high spirits.
拓展句：The match was intense and exciting, in which both teams were in high spirits.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Last Sunday witnessed a Teacher-Student Football Friendly of Senior Three in our school, which aimed to enrich students’ extracurricular life and relieving pressure.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Though the teachers took the lead by one goal in the first half, the students united into one, blocking the opponent’s three shots, and their confidence was greatly boosted.（运用了though引导的让步状语从句、现在分词形式作状语）
【高分句型3】Not only did the match help students cope with stress, but also it cultivated students’ courage and team spirit.（运用了not only… but also…的固定句型、not only前置引起的部分倒装）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young, the kitchen had an invisible“stop" sign put there by my mom. “No, you cannot enter here!” she always said to me. Well, I really don’t blame her as it is no place for kids.
I was just left outside in admiration, looking at what wonders the kitchen held. A few years passed by and I became very interested in food, both eating and preparing it. However, the kitchen was still out of bounds so I couldn’t experiment with cooking. But they couldn’t stop me forever now, could they?
It was early morning. Mom had gone for grocery shopping and no one else was at home. Time to strike! I walked through the dining room and there was the kitchen in front of me!
I stepped inside and took in the sight in front of me—cabinets (储藏柜 ) lining a wall, the oven (炉子) occupying the central place of another wall, the dishes sparkling like diamonds. I had seen it from outside but this time it was up close. As I hadn’t had breakfast, I decided to begin my first experience as a cook by making an omelette (煎蛋) . Sure I had seen Mom do it, so how could it be hard?
I searched the cabinets and finally found some eggs and onions. I knew the basics, so I began the work. I washed an onion first and then chopped it. Then came the egg. It took me two or three attempts to crack one open and into the bowl. I put the onion and some salt in the bowl too and mixed them. After that, I lighted the stove and put the frying pan on it and poured some oil in it... and poured some on the floor too, accidentally, of course! Till the pouring of the mixture into the pan, everything was going perfect—then I wondered what was used for turning the egg upside down in the pan.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon, I was running all over the kitchen, searching for the cooking spoon.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
While I was busy taking the burnt egg out in a plate, someone came up behind me.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Soon. I was running all over the kitchen, searching for the cooking spoon. I opened all the drawers but there was no sign of the spoon anywhere. Just as I was at a loss for what to do, I looked up and happened to find it hanging high up on the wall. Standing on a chair, I took down the spoon and made a rush to turn over the omelette. I managed to do that without breaking it or dropping it on the floor only to see a very nicely browned, or rather burnt, side up!
While I was busy taking the burnt egg out in a plate, someone came up behind me. It was Mom. I froze with fear. She was angry at seeing the kitchen in a mess, the drawers all open, and some oil on the floor. She found a fit punishment for me-i was to eat the burnt omelette. Sitting on the table and eating the omelette, I realized cooking was not so easy as it appeared. But I was happy with my accomplishment, even if it was a bit burnt, and even happier when Mom told me she would teach me how to cook!
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小的时候，妈妈不让他进厨房。作者对厨房感到好奇。一天，妈妈去杂货店买东西了，家里一个人也没有。作者没有吃早饭，决定开始自己的第一次经历作为一个厨师做了一份煎蛋。作者找到一些鸡蛋和洋葱，点燃了炉子开始煎蛋的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“很快。我在厨房里跑来跑去，找烹饪用的勺子。”可知，第一段可描写作者找到烹饪用的勺子的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“当我正忙着从盘子里拿出烧焦鸡蛋时，有人从我身后走来。”可知，第二段可描写作者妈妈看到作者在厨房所发生事情。
2.续写线索：好奇——发现机会——做煎蛋——找食材——点燃炉子——找勺子——妈妈发现——教做饭
3.词汇激活
行为类
①. 冲过去：make a rush to/ rush to
②. 意识到：realize/be aware of
情绪类
①.害怕：fear / fright
②.生气的：angry / cross
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Standing on a chair, I took down the spoon and made a rush to turn over the omelette.（由现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. I managed to do that without breaking it or dropping it on the floor only to see a very nicely browned, or rather burnt, side up!（由不定式作结果状语）
[高分句型3]. Sitting on the table and eating the omelette, I realized cooking was not so easy as it appeared.（省略连接代词that引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5 ABABC 6-10 CBCBB 11—15 ABCAC 16—20 CACBA
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