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英语（新教材）高二暑假作业之巩固练习7 阅读理解（阅读选项+七选五）含答案解析
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这是一份英语（新教材）高二暑假作业之巩固练习7 阅读理解（阅读选项+七选五）含答案解析，共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五等内容，欢迎下载使用。
暑假练习07
阅读选项+七选五
一、阅读理解
Text 01
As I drove along the road, small car flew across the center divider from the opposite direction and crashed into my car head-on. I fell unconscious and was awakened by the ringing of my mobile phone.
I was brought to Kuala Lumpur General Hospital bleeding on from my nose, mouth and legs. But the hospital staff was too busy to attend to me, so I called a friend to tell him about the accident. Some friends arrived very soon and sent me to a private hospital nearby. I saw my injured feet hanging from my body, blue and lifeless, and I begged the doctors to save them at all cost. They calmly promised to do their best.
The doctors made it. After I was discharged, I was given ten months medical leave. My heart sank, knowing that it meant I, a big man, couldn't work. How was I going to support my 65-year-old mother and other family members? I felt completely helpless, but a la of unexpected blessings came my way. When I was recovering at home, friends and relatives helped me with my banking, insurance or simply came to cheer me up.
When the casts（石膏）were removed, I did not let the sight of my weak legs discourage me. I worked hard at my physiotherapy（物理疗法）with only one aim. After eight months, I was walking without the aid of a walking stick. Oh February the following year, I returned to my job again. Today, after eight years, I have travelled to many counties as a tour leader.
The accident makes me realize how lives can change in a second. I value life more, not only of my own but also of everyone I know, and I will always try to help when I know of someone in trouble.
1. What made the author come back to life in the traffic accident?
A. Someone made a call to him.
B. A car crashed into his ear head-on.
C. One of his friends gave him first aid.
D. His mobile phone was out of order suddenly.
2. What does the underlined part “was discharged” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Was inspired. B. Got injured.
C. Was discovered. D. Left hospital.
3. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 4?
A. He is honest and strong. B. He is learned and intelligent.
C. He is optimistic and determined. D. He is discouraged and desperate.
4. What conclusion does the author draw from the accident?
A. Life is very precious to people. B. It's a hard job to be a tour guide.
C. Many people are in trouble in life. D. It's a must for someone to help others.
Text 02
We’re loving the sea to death. We swim into it, live near it, build beside it, and even imagine about living under the sea. For much of our history, we have turned to “hard engineering” to control the marine environment and manage its influence on us. We build dams, sea walls and channels. But all these efforts seem to fail, because we’ve not been thinking about design of structures with respect to ecology. Some coastal structures create shade, which reduces the growth of seaweed. Bright lights at night contuse species such as turtles. That’s why blue engineering comes in.
Johnson, a marine ecologist, is advocating for “blue engineering” — the marine version of the “green engineering” movement on land that has seen nations like Singapore building the walls and roofs of the concrete jungle with plant life.
Researchers with the World Harbour Project are creating tiles similar to the natural structures found on rocky shores with 3D printing technology. These make more attractive homes for marine creatures. Researchers are also actively seeding these tiles with local seaweeds and creatures such as the Sydney rock oyster, which is particularly good at improving water quality. Twelve harbors around the world are taking part in this marine tile experiment, each working with their own unique marine life.
It’s a far cry from the days when huge numbers of old tyres were thrown into the sea to build “artificial reefs”. Those early attempts are now costing millions to remove, showing just how far we have yet to go in understanding how best to co-habit with the underwater world.
1. What do we know about “hard engineering”?
A. It has improved sea environment. B. It controls the influence of sea well.
C. It has failed to achieve its purpose. D. It makes living under the sea possible.
2. What does the underlined word “contuse” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Injure. B. Heat. C. Defend. D. Involve.
3. Which of the following is a form of “blue engineering”?
A. Growing plant life on concrete buildings.
B. Building rocky shores with 3D printers.
C. Creating an artificial reef with old tyres.
D. Building structures benefiting sea creatures.
4. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Two ways of sea engineering. B. The green engineering movement.
C. Construction of artificial reefs. D. Research on blue engineering.
Text 03
In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles. Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth. Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the terrifying scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life? What is our plan B for Earth?
One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before. Besides, more governments are making efforts to educate the public on the Red Planet.
There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars. However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence. While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth — ever. Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but as proved by the Biosphere 2 experiment, not impossible. As early as the 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert, consisting of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. Although the two-year experiment was not a success, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet.
For now, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take much better care of our own. Right now, it's the only one we have!
1. What was the biggest threat to humans in the 1960s and 1970s?
A. Human race themselves. B. All advanced life forms.
C. Nuclear missiles. D. Environmental problems.
2. Why is Mars so attractive to scientists?
A. It's closest to the earth.
B. It has relatively appropriate living conditions.
C. It has drawn the public's attention in recent years.
D. It has a more hostile environment.
3. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Humans have visited Mars.
B. The Biosphere 2 experiment proved to be valueless.
C. Humans will have to go and live on another planet.
D. Our Plan A includes developing renewable energy resources.
4. From which magazine would the passage probably be taken?
A. The Traveler. B. Environmental Concerns.
C. All About Space. D. Biology for Fun.
Text 04
Next time you go on holiday, it's going to feel pretty different. You may have to wear a face mask. And that means getting your point across in an unfamiliar language — all while keeping your mouth covered — could become a bit of a problem.
That's where the C-mask, by Japanese company Donut Robotics, comes in. It's a smart, Internet-connected mouth covering that can make calls, raise the wearer’s voice, and most helpfully for travelers, translate conversations into eight different languages.
If need be, you simply place it over a standard face mask and connect it via Bluetooth to a smartphone. A special app will then allow you to record live conversations, turn them into text and translate them into English, Chinese, French, Korean, Thai, Indonesian, Spanish or Vietnamese (currently only from Japanese) — making it easy to understand what people are saying. It won't actually speak the translated phrases for you, but it does have a built-in amplifier（扩音器）to help you make yourself heard.
“We worked hard for years to develop a robot and we have used what we've researched to create a product that responds to how COVID-19 has reshaped society,” Donut's CEO recently told reporters. The firm has already raised more than 28 million yen via crowdfunding to develop the product, which will go on sale for 3 ,980 yen in Japan.
There are all manner of fashionable, eco-friendly masks you can now get your hands on — check out these in London, Singapore and Barcelona. But in creating an affordable, high-tech mask, Donut could well be on to something.
1. The C-mask is developed to _________
A. seek fashion. B. reshape society.
C. replace cellphones. D. promote communication.
2. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. How the C-mask speaks.
B. How the C-mask works.
C. What advantages the C-mask brings.
D. What languages the C-mask translates.
3. What does the underlined phrase “be on to something” in the last paragraph mean?
A. take a look. B. earn a living.
C. make a difference. D. issue a warning.
4. In which column of a website do we probably read this text?
A. Health. B. Tourism. C. Fashion. D. Technology.
二、七选五
Text 01
Any art or skill is possessed by those who have formed the habit of operating according to its rules. This is the way the artist in any field differs from those who lack his skill.
Now there is no other way of forming a habit than by operating. That is what it means to say one learns to do by doing. The difference between your activity before and after you have formed a habit is a difference in readiness. _____1_____ That is what it means to say practice makes perfect. You do something as if you were born to it, as if the activity were as natural to you as walking or eating. _____2_____
Knowing the rules of an art is not the same as having the habit. When we speak of a man as skilled in any way, we do not mean that he knows the rules of making or doing something, but that he possesses the habit of doing it. _____3_____ You cannot follow rules you do not know. Nor can you acquire an artistic habit without following rules. The art as something that can be taught consists of rules to be followed in operation. The art as something learned and possessed consists of the habit that results from operating according to the rules.
_____4_____ People point to a highly original painter or sculptor and say, “He isn’t following rules. He’s doing something entirely original, something that has never been done before.” But they fail to see what rules the artist follows. There are no final, unbreakable rules for making a painting. _____5_____ Those rules the painter must have followed, or else he could not have made the thing he has made. No matter how original his final production is, no matter how little it seems to obey the rules of art, he must be skilled to produce it.
A. After practice, you can do the same thing much better.
B. That is what it means to say that habit is second nature.
C. But there are rules for mixing paints and applying them.
D. Each separate act requires your full attention while you are doing it.
E. Of course, it is true that knowing the rules is a condition of getting the skill.
F. Like any skill worth mastering, a good habit requires time and dedication to develop.
G. Incidentally, not everyone understands that being an artist lies in operating according to rules.
Text 02
The Pomodoro Technique was developed by Francesco Cirillo in the 1980s. The technique uses a timer to divide your work into 25-minute sessions called “pomodori.” _____1_____ When you have completed four pomodori, it's time for a longer break of 20 to 30 minutes. It's simple and easy to use. Follow the steps below to start using it.
●Check your schedule. Your first step is to check your schedule. _____2_____ Estimate how long each task should take you, in terms of the number of pomodori you will need to complete it.
●Set your timer. Before you start, make sure that you have everything you need. Set your timer for the work period you've settled on.
●Take a short break. When your timer goes off, take a five-minute break.You should do this even if you're busy, because these breaks are your time to rest and “recharge your batteries.” _____3_____ The Pomodoro approach works by maintaining your energy, so that you don't need to work on tasks when your concentration levels are low.
●_____4_____ When your break is over, reset your timer for the next session and continue your work. When you've completed four pomodori, take a 20-to 30-minute break. Use it to go for a walk, have lunch, read a book... anything, so long as it takes you away from your desk for a while and clears your mind.
Remember, it is important to listen to your body. If your mind starts to wander or you start to feel tired, don't push through to the end of the session. _____5_____ It may be that three pomodori followed by a 20-minute break suits you best, or that five sessions followed by a 30-minute break is better.
A. You might want to experiment with this.
B. You can use whatever sort of timer you like.
C. After each session, you take a five-minute break.
D. Irregular short breaks help to keep you focused and energetic.
E. Continue your work sessions and take a longer break.
F. Cirillo argues that energy levels are far more important than time.
G. Look at your to-do list and think about what you need to do today.
Text 03
Be on time. It's a simple command, and one you've probably heard since you were a child. _____1_____ But, as an adult, if you're habitually late, you run the risk of ruining your professional reputation-no matter how smart, competent, or capable you might be. _____2_____ Here are some reasons why it definitely does — along with my tips for making punctuality a priority.
It Shows You Care
We live in an extraordinarily busy world. We schedule meetings and appointments back-to-back, constantly surrounded by phone calls, emails, and texts that need to be answered “immediately.” Getting to a meeting or appointment on time shows that it's important to you, and something for which you've planned. _____3_____
It Shows You're Responsible
Your co-workers, clients, and partners want to know that they can trust you to get the job done-and being punctual is an easy way to demonstrate that you can. _____4_____ Conversely, flying down the hallway, showing up breathless to a meeting, then hurrying for your papers and notes gives an impression of chaos and disorder-not exactly the message you want to send.
It Reduces Stress
You know how stressful being late can be. But constantly rushing and scrambling to catch up not only makes you feel being in a panic — _____5_____ Making sure that you show up on time prevents all that anxiety in the first place (yours and theirs!). Instead of panicking about the clock, you can focus your attention on what really matters — your job.
A. Being late can cost you friends.
B. And, of course, one you've likely ignored before.
C. it also makes everyone around you anxious and uncomfortable.
D. it also makes you earn a reputation of being someone others can count on.
E. It indicates that you're organized, responsible, and in control of your time.
F. If you think punctuality doesn't matter, think again.
G. Being late, however, sends the message that your time is more valuable than everyone else's.
Text 04
I didn’t like dealing with lines and angles in math class. _____1_____ Take advantage of lines, shapes, and angles when reviewing your garden ideas and laying out your yard to add drama and impact.
Relying on artistic principles for landscape design, line is one of the most important and useful of all design elements. _____2_____ Think about the distant horizon the line created when a lawn ends and flower borders begin. A side walk, a driveway, or a fence is a clear and readily accessible line in the landscape. As you plan and design your garden, always consider the line created by whatever you are adding.
There are four main ways to describe lines: curved (弧形的), straight, horizontal, and vertical. _____3_____ Curved lines shape informal garden beds and add interest to pathways. Straight lines inspire a sense of order and neatness that is more formal. Calming horizontal lines create a sense of stability. Think of oceans and how its wide expanse meets the sky, creating an acknowledged sense of peacefulness and majesty (壮观). Vertical lines project a sense of strength and movement.
_____4_____ Lines going away from you on the ground draw you forward. Horizontal lines on the ground slow you down. Vertical lines lead the eye up and out of the garden. Curving lines take the eye on an interesting journey. _____5_____ It is up to you to know where the lines will lead you and what you will see when you get there.
A. All lines are desirable.
B. Everything in the garden involves line.
C. However, I love using them when thinking about landscape ideas.
D. None is more important than the others — each has different effects.
E. No matter which types of line you use, be aware that lines lead the eyes.
F. But you should learn to use them while thinking about your garden design.
G. Using similar landscape features and repeating plants pulls the eye around the garden.
答案与解析
一、阅读理解
【答案】1-4 ADCA
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者遭遇交通事故后，并没有因为虚弱的双腿而气馁，他乐观而坚定。作者的遭遇让他感悟到生命的宝贵。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“I fell unconscious and was awakened by the ringing of my mobile phone. 我昏过去了，被手机的铃声吵醒了。”可知是是有人打电话给作者，电话铃声让作者苏醒过来。故答案为A。
2. 词句猜测题。根据划线词的前句“The doctors made it.医生们成功治好了我”及后句“I was given ten months medical leave. 我得到了十个月的病假。”及语境判断出此处指作者出院后得到了10个月的病假，故划线词的意思是“出院了”，A. 灵感；B. 受伤了；C. 被发现了；D. 离开医院。故答案为D。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段“When the casts（石膏）were removed, I did not let the sight of my weak legs discourage me. I worked hard at my physiotherapy（物理疗法）with only one aim. After eight months, I was walking without the aid of a walking stick. 在石膏掉了以后，我并没有因为看到自己虚弱的双腿而气馁。我努力地进行物理治疗，只有一个目的。八个月后，我不用拐杖就能走路了。”可以推断出作者积极进行康复治疗，乐观而坚定。故答案为C。
4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The accident makes me realize how lives can change in a second. I value life more, not only of my own but also of everyone I know.这个意外让我意识到生活是如何在瞬间改变的。我更珍惜生命，不仅是我自己，也是我认识的每一个人。”可知，这次事故以后作者意识到了生命宝贵，结合选项可知A选项：Life is very precious to people.（生命对人们来说是非常宝贵的。）符合题意。故答案为A。
Text 02
【答案】1-4 CADD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了建造有利于海洋生物的结构，一个名为“蓝色工程”的项目被引入。文章介绍了这一工程的具体运作形式以及这一做法的意义。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“For much of our history, we have turned to “hard engineering” to control the marine environment and manage its influence on us. We build dams, sea walls and channels. But all these efforts seem to fail, because we’ve not been thinking about design of structures with respect to ecology.(在人类历史的大部分时间里，我们求助于“硬工程”来控制海洋环境并管理其对我们的影响。我们建造堤坝，海堤和渠道。但所有这些努力似乎都失败了，因为我们一直没有考虑到有关生态的结构设计)”可知，“硬工程”没有达到它的目的。故选C。
2. 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“But all these efforts seem to fail, because we’ve not been thinking about design of structures with respect to ecology. Some coastal structures create shade, which reduces the growth of seaweed.(但所有这些努力似乎都失败了，因为我们一直没有考虑到有关生态的结构设计。一些沿海建筑形成荫蔽，这减少了海藻的生长)”以及画线词前后文“Bright lights at night … species such as turtles”可知，上文提到人们因为没有考虑生态结构设计，导致沿海建筑形成荫蔽，减少了海藻的生长，本句与上文并列也是在列举人类活动对海洋生物的一些不良影响，即夜晚明亮的灯光会伤害海龟等物种。故画线词意思是“伤害”。A. Injure.伤害；B. Heat.加热；C. Defend.辩护；D. Involve.涉及。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“But all these efforts seem to fail, because we’ve not been thinking about design of structures with respect to ecology. Some coastal structures create shade, which reduces the growth of seaweed. Bright lights at night contuse species such as turtles. That’s why blue engineering comes in.(但所有这些努力似乎都失败了，因为我们一直没有考虑到有关生态的结构设计。一些沿海建筑形成荫蔽，这减少了海藻的生长。夜间明亮的灯光会伤害海龟等物种。这就是为什么要引进“蓝色工程”的原因)”以及倒数第二段中“Researchers with the World Harbour Project are creating tiles similar to the natural structures found on rocky shores with 3D printing technology. These make more attractive homes for marine creatures. Researchers are also actively seeding these tiles with local seaweeds and creatures such as the Sydney rock oyster, which is particularly good at improving water quality. (世界海港项目的研究人员正在用3D打印技术制作与岩石海岸上的自然结构类似的瓷砖。它们为海洋生物提供了更有吸引力的家园。研究人员还积极地在这些瓦片上播种当地的海藻和生物，如悉尼岩石牡蛎，它特别擅长改善水质)”可推知，D选项“建造有利于海洋生物的结构”是“蓝色工程”的一种形式。故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Johnson, a marine ecologist, is advocating for “blue engineering” — the marine version of the “green engineering” movement on land that has seen nations like Singapore building the walls and roofs of the concrete jungle with plant life.(Johnson是一名海洋生态学家，他提倡“蓝色工程”——陆地上“绿色工程”运动的海洋版。在“绿色工程”运动中，新加坡等国家用植物建造混凝土丛林的墙壁和屋顶)”结合文章主要说明了为了建造有利于海洋生物的结构，一个名为“蓝色工程”的项目被引入。文章介绍了这一工程的具体运作形式以及这一做法的意义。可知，这篇文章的主旨是关于“蓝色工程”的研究。故选D。
Text 03
【答案】1-4 CBDB
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了面对环境问题，科学家们所想的解决办法以及可能存在的问题。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles.”可知，在20世纪60年代和70年代，最大的恐惧是人类，甚至可能是地球上所有的高级生命形式，可能会被核导弹消灭。由此可知，当时人类最大的威胁是核导弹。故选C。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times…”可知，自古以来，火星就吸引着人们。因为火星离地球相对较近，而且与其他行星相比环境也不那么恶劣。由此推知，火星有相对适宜的生活条件。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the terrifying scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life? What is our plan B for Earth?”可知，面对环境问题，科学家们在考虑降低风险的方法。例如，用可更新能源来取代煤和石油。但是同时科学家们也为最坏的情况做好了准备。他们也准备了B计划。由此可知，用可更新能源来取代煤和石油属于A计划。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth(今天，环境问题是地球生命的最大威胁)”、第二段中的“One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them.(一个选择就是探索其他星球看看是否我们可以在上面居住)”、第三段中的“However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence.(但是把人们送到那里需要技术、勇气和智力)”可知，该段主要探讨的是如何解决环境问题。那么，这样的文章最有可能出现在和环境有关的杂志上。故选B。
Text 04
【答案】1-4 DBCD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本Donut Robotics研发的一种可以促进交流的高科技智能口罩，包括它的工作原理和市场等。
1. 推理判断题。根据一段的“You may have to wear a face mask. And that means getting your point across in an unfamiliar language — all while keeping your mouth covered — could become a bit of a problem.”（你不得不带上口罩。那就意味着要用一种不熟悉的语言表达你的观点——同时你的嘴要捂住——这可能是一个问题。）以及第二段的“That's where the C-mask, by Japanese company Donut Robotics, comes in.”（这就是日本Donut Robotics公司生产C-mask发挥作用的地方。）可推知，研发C-mask主要是为了促进交流。故选D。
2. 主旨大意题。根据第三段的“If need be, you simply place it over a standard face mask and connect it via Bluetooth to a smartphone. A special app will then allow you to record live conversations, turn them into text and translate them into English, Chinese, French, Korean, Thai, Indonesian, Spanish or Vietnamese (currently only from Japanese)”（如果有需要，你只需要将它戴在标准的口罩上，并通过蓝牙连接到智能手机上。然后，一个特殊的应用程序将允许你记录现场对话，把它们转化成文本和翻译成英语、中文、法语、韩语、泰语、印尼语、西班牙语或者越南语（目前只限日语））可知，本段主要讲述了C-mask的工作原理。故选B。
3. 词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“There are all manner of fashionable, eco-friendly masks you can now get your hands on — check out these in London, Singapore and Barcelona. But in creating an affordable, high-tech mask, Donut could well be on to something.”可知，你可以在伦敦、新加坡和巴塞罗那买到各种时尚、环保的口罩。但开发一个负担得起的、高科技的口罩，Donut可能非常be on to something。根据句意可知，上下文为转折意义，上文说时尚环保的口罩随处能买，故推测Donut公司研发价格合理的高科技口罩真的是非常了不起的，能给人们带来了很大的影响。即划线部分的意思是“有影响”。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“That's where the C-mask, by Japanese company Donut Robotics, comes in. It's a smart, Internet-connected mouth covering that can make calls, raise the wearers’ voice, and most helpfully for travelers, translate conversations into eight different languages.”(这就是日本Donut Robotics公司生产C-mask发挥作用的地方。这种智能联网的口罩可以打电话、提高佩戴者的声音，同时也为旅行者提供了帮助，可以将谈话翻译成八种语言。)可知，文章主要介绍了一种高科技的智能口罩，属于科技范畴，因此本文很有可能出现在网页的科技版面。故选D。
二、七选五
【答案】1-5 ABEGC
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了“任何艺术或技能都是由那些养成了按其规则操作的习惯的人所拥有的”这个道理。
1. 根据空后“That is what it means to say practice makes perfect.（这就是熟能生巧的意思。）”可知，该句应该介绍熟能生巧的意思。结合选项，A选项（经过练习，同样的事情你可以做得更好。）表达此意。故选A。
2. 根据空前“You do something as if you were born to it, as if the activity were as natural to you as walking or eating.（你做某件事，就好像你生来就是做这件事的料，就好像这件事对你来说就像散步或吃饭一样自然。）”可知，空前这句表达的是“习惯成自然”的意思。结合选项，B选项（这就是说习惯是第二天性的意思）符合语境。故选B。
3. 根据空后“You cannot follow rules you do not know. Nor can you acquire an artistic habit without following rules.（你不能遵守你不懂的规则。不遵循规则，也不可能养成艺术习惯。）”可知，养成艺术习惯的一个根本前提是要了解对应的规则。结合选项，E选项（当然，了解规则是获得技能的条件之一。）表达此意。故选E。
4. 根据后文“People point to a highly original painter or sculptor and say, “He isn’t following rules. He’s doing something entirely original, something that has never been done before.” But they fail to see what rules the artist follows.（人们指着一位极具原创性的画家或雕刻家说：“他没有遵守规则。他在做一些完全独创的东西，一些以前从未有人做过的东西”。但他们没有看到艺术家遵循了什么规则。）”可知，艺术家在创作的时候遵循了一定的规则，但是很多人没有看到这一点。G选项（顺便说一句，并不是每个人都明白，作为一个艺术家，必须按规则行事。）表达此意。故选G。
5. 空后“Those rules the painter must have followed, or else he could not have made the thing he has made.”提到：画家一定遵循了这些规则，否则他不可能做出他所做的东西。那么该空应该介绍画家必须遵循的规则。结合选项，C选项（但是调色和使用是有规则的。）提到了这些规则。同时和空前的“There are no final, unbreakable rules for making a painting.（在绘画中没有最终的、不可打破的规则。）”构成转折。故选C。
Text 02
【答案】1-5 CGFEA
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了由弗朗西斯科·西里洛在20世纪80年代发明的pomodori工作法，以及在工作中使用它的一些步骤。
1. 根据上一句The technique uses a timer to divide your work into 25-minute sessions called “pomodori.” 这种方法使用计时器将你的工作分成25分钟的时间段，称为“pomodori”；以及下一句When you have completed four pomodori, it's time for a longer break of 20 to 30 minutes.当你完成了4个pomodori，就需要20到30分钟的休息时间。可知此处内容与休息的时间有关，选项C“每个时间段结束后，休息五分钟。”符合题意。故选C。
2. 根据上一句Your first step is to check your schedule.你的第一步是查看你的时间表。可知此处内容与查看时间表和任务有关，选项G“看看你的任务清单，想想你今天需要做什么。”符合题意。故选G。
3. 根据下一句The Pomodoro approach works by maintaining your energy, so that you don't need to work on tasks when your concentration levels are low. Pomodoro工作法的工作原理是保持你的能量，这样当你的注意力不集中的时候，你就不需要去做其他的事情了。可知此处内容与西里洛认为保持能量比较重要有关，选项F“西里洛认为，能量水平远比时间重要。”符合题意。故选F。
4. 此处是本段小标题。根据下文When your break is over, reset your timer for the next session and continue your work. When you've completed four pomodori, take a 20- to 30-minute break.当你的休息结束后，为下一阶段重置你的定时器并继续你的工作。当你完成了4个pomodori，休息20-30分钟。可知此处内容与休息时间后继续工作有关，选项E“继续工作，休息更长时间。”符合题意。故选E。
5. 根据下一句It may be that three pomodori followed by a 20-minute break suits you best, or that five sessions followed by a 30-minute break is better. 也许3个时间段后休息20分钟最适合你，或者5个时间段后休息30分钟更好。可知此处内容与尝试新的时间段和休息时间有关，选项A“你可能想要尝试一下。”符合题意。故选A。
Text 03
【答案】1-5 BFGEC
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，如果你习惯性迟到，无论你多么聪明能干，你都有可能损害你的职业声誉，所以准时是我们每个人都应该遵守并养成的好习惯，以及作者对准时的建议。
1. 由上两句“要准时。这是一个简单的命令，你可能从小就听到过。”可知，one you've probably heard since you were child中的one和B项的one指同一事物，即Be on time（要准时）这件事，要准时是你小时候起就听到的一个要求，是一个你之前就可能忽略的要求，承接上文，B选项“当然，这是一个你以前可能忽略的问题。”切题。故选B项。
2. 由下一句“这里有一些原因，为什么它肯定能做到这一点，还有我的建议，把准时作为优先事项。”和下文内容可知，下文谈到准时很重要的原因，承接下文，F选项“如果你认为准时无关紧要，那就再想想。”切题，起承上启下的作用，正是因为准时很重要，所以当你认为准时无关紧要时，你就再想想。故选F项。
3. 由上一句“准时参加会议或约会表明这对你很重要，你计划好的事情也很重要。”可知，上文谈到准时参加会议或约定会使你认为对方很重要，承接上文，G选项“然而，迟到传达了这样一个信息：你的时间比别人的时间更有价值。”切题；前后两句含转折对比含义，G项谈到being late与上文的on time作为对比，符合题意。故选G项。
4. 由本段小标题“这表明你有责任”可知，承接上文，E选项“它表明你有条理，有责任心，能控制自己的时间。”切题；该选项与小标题It Shows You're Responsible的意思表达一致，都与责任有关。故选E项。
5. 由上一句“但是，不断的匆忙赶超不仅会让你感到惊慌失措”可知，上文的makes you feel being in panic和C项的also makes everyone around you anxious and uncomfortable句式和表达的意思一致，都表达了迟到带来的弊端（迟到使你感到慌乱，也使你周围的人感到紧张和不舒服），承接上文，C选项“这也会让你周围的人感到焦虑和不安。”切题。故选C项。
Text 04
【答案】1-5 CBDEA
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了线条在花园景观设计中的作用。
1. 由上一句“我不喜欢在数学课上处理线条和角度。”可知，该空的作用是承上启下，承接上文，C选项“然而，我喜欢在考虑景观设计时使用它们。”切题；C项既能和上一句形成转折关系表明喜欢在考虑景观设计时使用线条和角度，又能引出后文作者关于用线条和角度怎样设计花园景观的叙述。故选C项。
2. 由上一句“依据景观设计的艺术原则，线条是所有设计元素中最重要和最有用的元素之一。”和本段最后一句“当你计划和设计你的花园时，总是考虑到你添加的任何东西所创造的线条。”可知，本段的核心词是line，设计花园时总是考虑线条，说明线条在花园设计中很常见、很重要（即花园里随处可见线条），承接上下文，B选项“花园里的每样东西都有线条。”切题。故选B项。
3. 由本段后四句“弯曲的线条塑造了非正式的花园床，增加了小路的趣味性。直线能激发出一种更正式的秩序感和整洁感。平静的水平线创造了一种稳定的感觉。想想海洋，想想它的广阔与天空是如何相通的，创造出一种公认的和平与壮观。垂直线给人一种力量感和动感。”可知，下文讲了四种线给人不同的感觉，即四种线作用不同、风格各异，承接下文，D选项“没有什么比他们更重要了，每个都有不同的效果。”切题。故选D项。
4. 由本段的“地面上远离你的线把你向前拉。地面上的水平线会减慢速度。垂直线引导眼睛向上并离开花园。弯弯曲曲的线条让人眼前一亮。”和“这取决于你是否知道这些线会把你带到哪里，当你到达那里时你会看到什么。”可知，这些线条会引导我们的眼睛看到不同的东西，因此在使用线条时，要注意不同线条的引导（眼睛的）作用，承接下文，E选项“不管你用哪种线条，都要注意线条引导眼睛。”切题。故选E项。
5. 该句的位置属于总结句的位置，由本段上面四句“地面上远离你的线把你向前拉。地面上的水平线会减慢速度。垂直线引导眼睛向上并离开花园。弯弯曲曲的线条让人眼前一亮。”可知，四种线条作用不同，都有用，此处应该是对四种线条做出总结，承接上文，A选项“所有的线都是可取的。”切题。故选A项。
暑假练习07
阅读选项+七选五
一、阅读理解
Text 01
As I drove along the road, small car flew across the center divider from the opposite direction and crashed into my car head-on. I fell unconscious and was awakened by the ringing of my mobile phone.
I was brought to Kuala Lumpur General Hospital bleeding on from my nose, mouth and legs. But the hospital staff was too busy to attend to me, so I called a friend to tell him about the accident. Some friends arrived very soon and sent me to a private hospital nearby. I saw my injured feet hanging from my body, blue and lifeless, and I begged the doctors to save them at all cost. They calmly promised to do their best.
The doctors made it. After I was discharged, I was given ten months medical leave. My heart sank, knowing that it meant I, a big man, couldn't work. How was I going to support my 65-year-old mother and other family members? I felt completely helpless, but a la of unexpected blessings came my way. When I was recovering at home, friends and relatives helped me with my banking, insurance or simply came to cheer me up.
When the casts（石膏）were removed, I did not let the sight of my weak legs discourage me. I worked hard at my physiotherapy（物理疗法）with only one aim. After eight months, I was walking without the aid of a walking stick. Oh February the following year, I returned to my job again. Today, after eight years, I have travelled to many counties as a tour leader.
The accident makes me realize how lives can change in a second. I value life more, not only of my own but also of everyone I know, and I will always try to help when I know of someone in trouble.
1. What made the author come back to life in the traffic accident?
A. Someone made a call to him.
B. A car crashed into his ear head-on.
C. One of his friends gave him first aid.
D. His mobile phone was out of order suddenly.
2. What does the underlined part “was discharged” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Was inspired. B. Got injured.
C. Was discovered. D. Left hospital.
3. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 4?
A. He is honest and strong. B. He is learned and intelligent.
C. He is optimistic and determined. D. He is discouraged and desperate.
4. What conclusion does the author draw from the accident?
A. Life is very precious to people. B. It's a hard job to be a tour guide.
C. Many people are in trouble in life. D. It's a must for someone to help others.
Text 02
We’re loving the sea to death. We swim into it, live near it, build beside it, and even imagine about living under the sea. For much of our history, we have turned to “hard engineering” to control the marine environment and manage its influence on us. We build dams, sea walls and channels. But all these efforts seem to fail, because we’ve not been thinking about design of structures with respect to ecology. Some coastal structures create shade, which reduces the growth of seaweed. Bright lights at night contuse species such as turtles. That’s why blue engineering comes in.
Johnson, a marine ecologist, is advocating for “blue engineering” — the marine version of the “green engineering” movement on land that has seen nations like Singapore building the walls and roofs of the concrete jungle with plant life.
Researchers with the World Harbour Project are creating tiles similar to the natural structures found on rocky shores with 3D printing technology. These make more attractive homes for marine creatures. Researchers are also actively seeding these tiles with local seaweeds and creatures such as the Sydney rock oyster, which is particularly good at improving water quality. Twelve harbors around the world are taking part in this marine tile experiment, each working with their own unique marine life.
It’s a far cry from the days when huge numbers of old tyres were thrown into the sea to build “artificial reefs”. Those early attempts are now costing millions to remove, showing just how far we have yet to go in understanding how best to co-habit with the underwater world.
1. What do we know about “hard engineering”?
A. It has improved sea environment. B. It controls the influence of sea well.
C. It has failed to achieve its purpose. D. It makes living under the sea possible.
2. What does the underlined word “contuse” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Injure. B. Heat. C. Defend. D. Involve.
3. Which of the following is a form of “blue engineering”?
A. Growing plant life on concrete buildings.
B. Building rocky shores with 3D printers.
C. Creating an artificial reef with old tyres.
D. Building structures benefiting sea creatures.
4. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Two ways of sea engineering. B. The green engineering movement.
C. Construction of artificial reefs. D. Research on blue engineering.
Text 03
In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles. Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth. Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the terrifying scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life? What is our plan B for Earth?
One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before. Besides, more governments are making efforts to educate the public on the Red Planet.
There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars. However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence. While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth — ever. Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but as proved by the Biosphere 2 experiment, not impossible. As early as the 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert, consisting of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. Although the two-year experiment was not a success, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet.
For now, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take much better care of our own. Right now, it's the only one we have!
1. What was the biggest threat to humans in the 1960s and 1970s?
A. Human race themselves. B. All advanced life forms.
C. Nuclear missiles. D. Environmental problems.
2. Why is Mars so attractive to scientists?
A. It's closest to the earth.
B. It has relatively appropriate living conditions.
C. It has drawn the public's attention in recent years.
D. It has a more hostile environment.
3. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Humans have visited Mars.
B. The Biosphere 2 experiment proved to be valueless.
C. Humans will have to go and live on another planet.
D. Our Plan A includes developing renewable energy resources.
4. From which magazine would the passage probably be taken?
A. The Traveler. B. Environmental Concerns.
C. All About Space. D. Biology for Fun.
Text 04
Next time you go on holiday, it's going to feel pretty different. You may have to wear a face mask. And that means getting your point across in an unfamiliar language — all while keeping your mouth covered — could become a bit of a problem.
That's where the C-mask, by Japanese company Donut Robotics, comes in. It's a smart, Internet-connected mouth covering that can make calls, raise the wearer’s voice, and most helpfully for travelers, translate conversations into eight different languages.
If need be, you simply place it over a standard face mask and connect it via Bluetooth to a smartphone. A special app will then allow you to record live conversations, turn them into text and translate them into English, Chinese, French, Korean, Thai, Indonesian, Spanish or Vietnamese (currently only from Japanese) — making it easy to understand what people are saying. It won't actually speak the translated phrases for you, but it does have a built-in amplifier（扩音器）to help you make yourself heard.
“We worked hard for years to develop a robot and we have used what we've researched to create a product that responds to how COVID-19 has reshaped society,” Donut's CEO recently told reporters. The firm has already raised more than 28 million yen via crowdfunding to develop the product, which will go on sale for 3 ,980 yen in Japan.
There are all manner of fashionable, eco-friendly masks you can now get your hands on — check out these in London, Singapore and Barcelona. But in creating an affordable, high-tech mask, Donut could well be on to something.
1. The C-mask is developed to _________
A. seek fashion. B. reshape society.
C. replace cellphones. D. promote communication.
2. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. How the C-mask speaks.
B. How the C-mask works.
C. What advantages the C-mask brings.
D. What languages the C-mask translates.
3. What does the underlined phrase “be on to something” in the last paragraph mean?
A. take a look. B. earn a living.
C. make a difference. D. issue a warning.
4. In which column of a website do we probably read this text?
A. Health. B. Tourism. C. Fashion. D. Technology.
二、七选五
Text 01
Any art or skill is possessed by those who have formed the habit of operating according to its rules. This is the way the artist in any field differs from those who lack his skill.
Now there is no other way of forming a habit than by operating. That is what it means to say one learns to do by doing. The difference between your activity before and after you have formed a habit is a difference in readiness. _____1_____ That is what it means to say practice makes perfect. You do something as if you were born to it, as if the activity were as natural to you as walking or eating. _____2_____
Knowing the rules of an art is not the same as having the habit. When we speak of a man as skilled in any way, we do not mean that he knows the rules of making or doing something, but that he possesses the habit of doing it. _____3_____ You cannot follow rules you do not know. Nor can you acquire an artistic habit without following rules. The art as something that can be taught consists of rules to be followed in operation. The art as something learned and possessed consists of the habit that results from operating according to the rules.
_____4_____ People point to a highly original painter or sculptor and say, “He isn’t following rules. He’s doing something entirely original, something that has never been done before.” But they fail to see what rules the artist follows. There are no final, unbreakable rules for making a painting. _____5_____ Those rules the painter must have followed, or else he could not have made the thing he has made. No matter how original his final production is, no matter how little it seems to obey the rules of art, he must be skilled to produce it.
A. After practice, you can do the same thing much better.
B. That is what it means to say that habit is second nature.
C. But there are rules for mixing paints and applying them.
D. Each separate act requires your full attention while you are doing it.
E. Of course, it is true that knowing the rules is a condition of getting the skill.
F. Like any skill worth mastering, a good habit requires time and dedication to develop.
G. Incidentally, not everyone understands that being an artist lies in operating according to rules.
Text 02
The Pomodoro Technique was developed by Francesco Cirillo in the 1980s. The technique uses a timer to divide your work into 25-minute sessions called “pomodori.” _____1_____ When you have completed four pomodori, it's time for a longer break of 20 to 30 minutes. It's simple and easy to use. Follow the steps below to start using it.
●Check your schedule. Your first step is to check your schedule. _____2_____ Estimate how long each task should take you, in terms of the number of pomodori you will need to complete it.
●Set your timer. Before you start, make sure that you have everything you need. Set your timer for the work period you've settled on.
●Take a short break. When your timer goes off, take a five-minute break.You should do this even if you're busy, because these breaks are your time to rest and “recharge your batteries.” _____3_____ The Pomodoro approach works by maintaining your energy, so that you don't need to work on tasks when your concentration levels are low.
●_____4_____ When your break is over, reset your timer for the next session and continue your work. When you've completed four pomodori, take a 20-to 30-minute break. Use it to go for a walk, have lunch, read a book... anything, so long as it takes you away from your desk for a while and clears your mind.
Remember, it is important to listen to your body. If your mind starts to wander or you start to feel tired, don't push through to the end of the session. _____5_____ It may be that three pomodori followed by a 20-minute break suits you best, or that five sessions followed by a 30-minute break is better.
A. You might want to experiment with this.
B. You can use whatever sort of timer you like.
C. After each session, you take a five-minute break.
D. Irregular short breaks help to keep you focused and energetic.
E. Continue your work sessions and take a longer break.
F. Cirillo argues that energy levels are far more important than time.
G. Look at your to-do list and think about what you need to do today.
Text 03
Be on time. It's a simple command, and one you've probably heard since you were a child. _____1_____ But, as an adult, if you're habitually late, you run the risk of ruining your professional reputation-no matter how smart, competent, or capable you might be. _____2_____ Here are some reasons why it definitely does — along with my tips for making punctuality a priority.
It Shows You Care
We live in an extraordinarily busy world. We schedule meetings and appointments back-to-back, constantly surrounded by phone calls, emails, and texts that need to be answered “immediately.” Getting to a meeting or appointment on time shows that it's important to you, and something for which you've planned. _____3_____
It Shows You're Responsible
Your co-workers, clients, and partners want to know that they can trust you to get the job done-and being punctual is an easy way to demonstrate that you can. _____4_____ Conversely, flying down the hallway, showing up breathless to a meeting, then hurrying for your papers and notes gives an impression of chaos and disorder-not exactly the message you want to send.
It Reduces Stress
You know how stressful being late can be. But constantly rushing and scrambling to catch up not only makes you feel being in a panic — _____5_____ Making sure that you show up on time prevents all that anxiety in the first place (yours and theirs!). Instead of panicking about the clock, you can focus your attention on what really matters — your job.
A. Being late can cost you friends.
B. And, of course, one you've likely ignored before.
C. it also makes everyone around you anxious and uncomfortable.
D. it also makes you earn a reputation of being someone others can count on.
E. It indicates that you're organized, responsible, and in control of your time.
F. If you think punctuality doesn't matter, think again.
G. Being late, however, sends the message that your time is more valuable than everyone else's.
Text 04
I didn’t like dealing with lines and angles in math class. _____1_____ Take advantage of lines, shapes, and angles when reviewing your garden ideas and laying out your yard to add drama and impact.
Relying on artistic principles for landscape design, line is one of the most important and useful of all design elements. _____2_____ Think about the distant horizon the line created when a lawn ends and flower borders begin. A side walk, a driveway, or a fence is a clear and readily accessible line in the landscape. As you plan and design your garden, always consider the line created by whatever you are adding.
There are four main ways to describe lines: curved (弧形的), straight, horizontal, and vertical. _____3_____ Curved lines shape informal garden beds and add interest to pathways. Straight lines inspire a sense of order and neatness that is more formal. Calming horizontal lines create a sense of stability. Think of oceans and how its wide expanse meets the sky, creating an acknowledged sense of peacefulness and majesty (壮观). Vertical lines project a sense of strength and movement.
_____4_____ Lines going away from you on the ground draw you forward. Horizontal lines on the ground slow you down. Vertical lines lead the eye up and out of the garden. Curving lines take the eye on an interesting journey. _____5_____ It is up to you to know where the lines will lead you and what you will see when you get there.
A. All lines are desirable.
B. Everything in the garden involves line.
C. However, I love using them when thinking about landscape ideas.
D. None is more important than the others — each has different effects.
E. No matter which types of line you use, be aware that lines lead the eyes.
F. But you should learn to use them while thinking about your garden design.
G. Using similar landscape features and repeating plants pulls the eye around the garden.
答案与解析
一、阅读理解
【答案】1-4 ADCA
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者遭遇交通事故后，并没有因为虚弱的双腿而气馁，他乐观而坚定。作者的遭遇让他感悟到生命的宝贵。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“I fell unconscious and was awakened by the ringing of my mobile phone. 我昏过去了，被手机的铃声吵醒了。”可知是是有人打电话给作者，电话铃声让作者苏醒过来。故答案为A。
2. 词句猜测题。根据划线词的前句“The doctors made it.医生们成功治好了我”及后句“I was given ten months medical leave. 我得到了十个月的病假。”及语境判断出此处指作者出院后得到了10个月的病假，故划线词的意思是“出院了”，A. 灵感；B. 受伤了；C. 被发现了；D. 离开医院。故答案为D。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段“When the casts（石膏）were removed, I did not let the sight of my weak legs discourage me. I worked hard at my physiotherapy（物理疗法）with only one aim. After eight months, I was walking without the aid of a walking stick. 在石膏掉了以后，我并没有因为看到自己虚弱的双腿而气馁。我努力地进行物理治疗，只有一个目的。八个月后，我不用拐杖就能走路了。”可以推断出作者积极进行康复治疗，乐观而坚定。故答案为C。
4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The accident makes me realize how lives can change in a second. I value life more, not only of my own but also of everyone I know.这个意外让我意识到生活是如何在瞬间改变的。我更珍惜生命，不仅是我自己，也是我认识的每一个人。”可知，这次事故以后作者意识到了生命宝贵，结合选项可知A选项：Life is very precious to people.（生命对人们来说是非常宝贵的。）符合题意。故答案为A。
Text 02
【答案】1-4 CADD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了建造有利于海洋生物的结构，一个名为“蓝色工程”的项目被引入。文章介绍了这一工程的具体运作形式以及这一做法的意义。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“For much of our history, we have turned to “hard engineering” to control the marine environment and manage its influence on us. We build dams, sea walls and channels. But all these efforts seem to fail, because we’ve not been thinking about design of structures with respect to ecology.(在人类历史的大部分时间里，我们求助于“硬工程”来控制海洋环境并管理其对我们的影响。我们建造堤坝，海堤和渠道。但所有这些努力似乎都失败了，因为我们一直没有考虑到有关生态的结构设计)”可知，“硬工程”没有达到它的目的。故选C。
2. 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“But all these efforts seem to fail, because we’ve not been thinking about design of structures with respect to ecology. Some coastal structures create shade, which reduces the growth of seaweed.(但所有这些努力似乎都失败了，因为我们一直没有考虑到有关生态的结构设计。一些沿海建筑形成荫蔽，这减少了海藻的生长)”以及画线词前后文“Bright lights at night … species such as turtles”可知，上文提到人们因为没有考虑生态结构设计，导致沿海建筑形成荫蔽，减少了海藻的生长，本句与上文并列也是在列举人类活动对海洋生物的一些不良影响，即夜晚明亮的灯光会伤害海龟等物种。故画线词意思是“伤害”。A. Injure.伤害；B. Heat.加热；C. Defend.辩护；D. Involve.涉及。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“But all these efforts seem to fail, because we’ve not been thinking about design of structures with respect to ecology. Some coastal structures create shade, which reduces the growth of seaweed. Bright lights at night contuse species such as turtles. That’s why blue engineering comes in.(但所有这些努力似乎都失败了，因为我们一直没有考虑到有关生态的结构设计。一些沿海建筑形成荫蔽，这减少了海藻的生长。夜间明亮的灯光会伤害海龟等物种。这就是为什么要引进“蓝色工程”的原因)”以及倒数第二段中“Researchers with the World Harbour Project are creating tiles similar to the natural structures found on rocky shores with 3D printing technology. These make more attractive homes for marine creatures. Researchers are also actively seeding these tiles with local seaweeds and creatures such as the Sydney rock oyster, which is particularly good at improving water quality. (世界海港项目的研究人员正在用3D打印技术制作与岩石海岸上的自然结构类似的瓷砖。它们为海洋生物提供了更有吸引力的家园。研究人员还积极地在这些瓦片上播种当地的海藻和生物，如悉尼岩石牡蛎，它特别擅长改善水质)”可推知，D选项“建造有利于海洋生物的结构”是“蓝色工程”的一种形式。故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Johnson, a marine ecologist, is advocating for “blue engineering” — the marine version of the “green engineering” movement on land that has seen nations like Singapore building the walls and roofs of the concrete jungle with plant life.(Johnson是一名海洋生态学家，他提倡“蓝色工程”——陆地上“绿色工程”运动的海洋版。在“绿色工程”运动中，新加坡等国家用植物建造混凝土丛林的墙壁和屋顶)”结合文章主要说明了为了建造有利于海洋生物的结构，一个名为“蓝色工程”的项目被引入。文章介绍了这一工程的具体运作形式以及这一做法的意义。可知，这篇文章的主旨是关于“蓝色工程”的研究。故选D。
Text 03
【答案】1-4 CBDB
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了面对环境问题，科学家们所想的解决办法以及可能存在的问题。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles.”可知，在20世纪60年代和70年代，最大的恐惧是人类，甚至可能是地球上所有的高级生命形式，可能会被核导弹消灭。由此可知，当时人类最大的威胁是核导弹。故选C。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times…”可知，自古以来，火星就吸引着人们。因为火星离地球相对较近，而且与其他行星相比环境也不那么恶劣。由此推知，火星有相对适宜的生活条件。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the terrifying scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life? What is our plan B for Earth?”可知，面对环境问题，科学家们在考虑降低风险的方法。例如，用可更新能源来取代煤和石油。但是同时科学家们也为最坏的情况做好了准备。他们也准备了B计划。由此可知，用可更新能源来取代煤和石油属于A计划。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth(今天，环境问题是地球生命的最大威胁)”、第二段中的“One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them.(一个选择就是探索其他星球看看是否我们可以在上面居住)”、第三段中的“However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence.(但是把人们送到那里需要技术、勇气和智力)”可知，该段主要探讨的是如何解决环境问题。那么，这样的文章最有可能出现在和环境有关的杂志上。故选B。
Text 04
【答案】1-4 DBCD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本Donut Robotics研发的一种可以促进交流的高科技智能口罩，包括它的工作原理和市场等。
1. 推理判断题。根据一段的“You may have to wear a face mask. And that means getting your point across in an unfamiliar language — all while keeping your mouth covered — could become a bit of a problem.”（你不得不带上口罩。那就意味着要用一种不熟悉的语言表达你的观点——同时你的嘴要捂住——这可能是一个问题。）以及第二段的“That's where the C-mask, by Japanese company Donut Robotics, comes in.”（这就是日本Donut Robotics公司生产C-mask发挥作用的地方。）可推知，研发C-mask主要是为了促进交流。故选D。
2. 主旨大意题。根据第三段的“If need be, you simply place it over a standard face mask and connect it via Bluetooth to a smartphone. A special app will then allow you to record live conversations, turn them into text and translate them into English, Chinese, French, Korean, Thai, Indonesian, Spanish or Vietnamese (currently only from Japanese)”（如果有需要，你只需要将它戴在标准的口罩上，并通过蓝牙连接到智能手机上。然后，一个特殊的应用程序将允许你记录现场对话，把它们转化成文本和翻译成英语、中文、法语、韩语、泰语、印尼语、西班牙语或者越南语（目前只限日语））可知，本段主要讲述了C-mask的工作原理。故选B。
3. 词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“There are all manner of fashionable, eco-friendly masks you can now get your hands on — check out these in London, Singapore and Barcelona. But in creating an affordable, high-tech mask, Donut could well be on to something.”可知，你可以在伦敦、新加坡和巴塞罗那买到各种时尚、环保的口罩。但开发一个负担得起的、高科技的口罩，Donut可能非常be on to something。根据句意可知，上下文为转折意义，上文说时尚环保的口罩随处能买，故推测Donut公司研发价格合理的高科技口罩真的是非常了不起的，能给人们带来了很大的影响。即划线部分的意思是“有影响”。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“That's where the C-mask, by Japanese company Donut Robotics, comes in. It's a smart, Internet-connected mouth covering that can make calls, raise the wearers’ voice, and most helpfully for travelers, translate conversations into eight different languages.”(这就是日本Donut Robotics公司生产C-mask发挥作用的地方。这种智能联网的口罩可以打电话、提高佩戴者的声音，同时也为旅行者提供了帮助，可以将谈话翻译成八种语言。)可知，文章主要介绍了一种高科技的智能口罩，属于科技范畴，因此本文很有可能出现在网页的科技版面。故选D。
二、七选五
【答案】1-5 ABEGC
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了“任何艺术或技能都是由那些养成了按其规则操作的习惯的人所拥有的”这个道理。
1. 根据空后“That is what it means to say practice makes perfect.（这就是熟能生巧的意思。）”可知，该句应该介绍熟能生巧的意思。结合选项，A选项（经过练习，同样的事情你可以做得更好。）表达此意。故选A。
2. 根据空前“You do something as if you were born to it, as if the activity were as natural to you as walking or eating.（你做某件事，就好像你生来就是做这件事的料，就好像这件事对你来说就像散步或吃饭一样自然。）”可知，空前这句表达的是“习惯成自然”的意思。结合选项，B选项（这就是说习惯是第二天性的意思）符合语境。故选B。
3. 根据空后“You cannot follow rules you do not know. Nor can you acquire an artistic habit without following rules.（你不能遵守你不懂的规则。不遵循规则，也不可能养成艺术习惯。）”可知，养成艺术习惯的一个根本前提是要了解对应的规则。结合选项，E选项（当然，了解规则是获得技能的条件之一。）表达此意。故选E。
4. 根据后文“People point to a highly original painter or sculptor and say, “He isn’t following rules. He’s doing something entirely original, something that has never been done before.” But they fail to see what rules the artist follows.（人们指着一位极具原创性的画家或雕刻家说：“他没有遵守规则。他在做一些完全独创的东西，一些以前从未有人做过的东西”。但他们没有看到艺术家遵循了什么规则。）”可知，艺术家在创作的时候遵循了一定的规则，但是很多人没有看到这一点。G选项（顺便说一句，并不是每个人都明白，作为一个艺术家，必须按规则行事。）表达此意。故选G。
5. 空后“Those rules the painter must have followed, or else he could not have made the thing he has made.”提到：画家一定遵循了这些规则，否则他不可能做出他所做的东西。那么该空应该介绍画家必须遵循的规则。结合选项，C选项（但是调色和使用是有规则的。）提到了这些规则。同时和空前的“There are no final, unbreakable rules for making a painting.（在绘画中没有最终的、不可打破的规则。）”构成转折。故选C。
Text 02
【答案】1-5 CGFEA
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了由弗朗西斯科·西里洛在20世纪80年代发明的pomodori工作法，以及在工作中使用它的一些步骤。
1. 根据上一句The technique uses a timer to divide your work into 25-minute sessions called “pomodori.” 这种方法使用计时器将你的工作分成25分钟的时间段，称为“pomodori”；以及下一句When you have completed four pomodori, it's time for a longer break of 20 to 30 minutes.当你完成了4个pomodori，就需要20到30分钟的休息时间。可知此处内容与休息的时间有关，选项C“每个时间段结束后，休息五分钟。”符合题意。故选C。
2. 根据上一句Your first step is to check your schedule.你的第一步是查看你的时间表。可知此处内容与查看时间表和任务有关，选项G“看看你的任务清单，想想你今天需要做什么。”符合题意。故选G。
3. 根据下一句The Pomodoro approach works by maintaining your energy, so that you don't need to work on tasks when your concentration levels are low. Pomodoro工作法的工作原理是保持你的能量，这样当你的注意力不集中的时候，你就不需要去做其他的事情了。可知此处内容与西里洛认为保持能量比较重要有关，选项F“西里洛认为，能量水平远比时间重要。”符合题意。故选F。
4. 此处是本段小标题。根据下文When your break is over, reset your timer for the next session and continue your work. When you've completed four pomodori, take a 20- to 30-minute break.当你的休息结束后，为下一阶段重置你的定时器并继续你的工作。当你完成了4个pomodori，休息20-30分钟。可知此处内容与休息时间后继续工作有关，选项E“继续工作，休息更长时间。”符合题意。故选E。
5. 根据下一句It may be that three pomodori followed by a 20-minute break suits you best, or that five sessions followed by a 30-minute break is better. 也许3个时间段后休息20分钟最适合你，或者5个时间段后休息30分钟更好。可知此处内容与尝试新的时间段和休息时间有关，选项A“你可能想要尝试一下。”符合题意。故选A。
Text 03
【答案】1-5 BFGEC
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，如果你习惯性迟到，无论你多么聪明能干，你都有可能损害你的职业声誉，所以准时是我们每个人都应该遵守并养成的好习惯，以及作者对准时的建议。
1. 由上两句“要准时。这是一个简单的命令，你可能从小就听到过。”可知，one you've probably heard since you were child中的one和B项的one指同一事物，即Be on time（要准时）这件事，要准时是你小时候起就听到的一个要求，是一个你之前就可能忽略的要求，承接上文，B选项“当然，这是一个你以前可能忽略的问题。”切题。故选B项。
2. 由下一句“这里有一些原因，为什么它肯定能做到这一点，还有我的建议，把准时作为优先事项。”和下文内容可知，下文谈到准时很重要的原因，承接下文，F选项“如果你认为准时无关紧要，那就再想想。”切题，起承上启下的作用，正是因为准时很重要，所以当你认为准时无关紧要时，你就再想想。故选F项。
3. 由上一句“准时参加会议或约会表明这对你很重要，你计划好的事情也很重要。”可知，上文谈到准时参加会议或约定会使你认为对方很重要，承接上文，G选项“然而，迟到传达了这样一个信息：你的时间比别人的时间更有价值。”切题；前后两句含转折对比含义，G项谈到being late与上文的on time作为对比，符合题意。故选G项。
4. 由本段小标题“这表明你有责任”可知，承接上文，E选项“它表明你有条理，有责任心，能控制自己的时间。”切题；该选项与小标题It Shows You're Responsible的意思表达一致，都与责任有关。故选E项。
5. 由上一句“但是，不断的匆忙赶超不仅会让你感到惊慌失措”可知，上文的makes you feel being in panic和C项的also makes everyone around you anxious and uncomfortable句式和表达的意思一致，都表达了迟到带来的弊端（迟到使你感到慌乱，也使你周围的人感到紧张和不舒服），承接上文，C选项“这也会让你周围的人感到焦虑和不安。”切题。故选C项。
Text 04
【答案】1-5 CBDEA
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了线条在花园景观设计中的作用。
1. 由上一句“我不喜欢在数学课上处理线条和角度。”可知，该空的作用是承上启下，承接上文，C选项“然而，我喜欢在考虑景观设计时使用它们。”切题；C项既能和上一句形成转折关系表明喜欢在考虑景观设计时使用线条和角度，又能引出后文作者关于用线条和角度怎样设计花园景观的叙述。故选C项。
2. 由上一句“依据景观设计的艺术原则，线条是所有设计元素中最重要和最有用的元素之一。”和本段最后一句“当你计划和设计你的花园时，总是考虑到你添加的任何东西所创造的线条。”可知，本段的核心词是line，设计花园时总是考虑线条，说明线条在花园设计中很常见、很重要（即花园里随处可见线条），承接上下文，B选项“花园里的每样东西都有线条。”切题。故选B项。
3. 由本段后四句“弯曲的线条塑造了非正式的花园床，增加了小路的趣味性。直线能激发出一种更正式的秩序感和整洁感。平静的水平线创造了一种稳定的感觉。想想海洋，想想它的广阔与天空是如何相通的，创造出一种公认的和平与壮观。垂直线给人一种力量感和动感。”可知，下文讲了四种线给人不同的感觉，即四种线作用不同、风格各异，承接下文，D选项“没有什么比他们更重要了，每个都有不同的效果。”切题。故选D项。
4. 由本段的“地面上远离你的线把你向前拉。地面上的水平线会减慢速度。垂直线引导眼睛向上并离开花园。弯弯曲曲的线条让人眼前一亮。”和“这取决于你是否知道这些线会把你带到哪里，当你到达那里时你会看到什么。”可知，这些线条会引导我们的眼睛看到不同的东西，因此在使用线条时，要注意不同线条的引导（眼睛的）作用，承接下文，E选项“不管你用哪种线条，都要注意线条引导眼睛。”切题。故选E项。
5. 该句的位置属于总结句的位置，由本段上面四句“地面上远离你的线把你向前拉。地面上的水平线会减慢速度。垂直线引导眼睛向上并离开花园。弯弯曲曲的线条让人眼前一亮。”可知，四种线条作用不同，都有用，此处应该是对四种线条做出总结，承接上文，A选项“所有的线都是可取的。”切题。故选A项。
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