天津市河西区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末质量检测试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份天津市河西区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末质量检测试题（Word版附解析），共23页。

河西区2022-2023学年度第一学期高二期末质量调查
英语试卷
第I卷选择题(满分75分)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分15分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
l. What has the man done?
A. He’s repaired the window. B. He’s moved a desk. C. He’s got a new desk.
2. Where are the speakers?
A. At a store.
B. In a restaurant.
C. On a plane.
3.How will the speakers tour the city?
A. On foot.
B. By car.
C. By bus.
4.Why is the woman worried?
A. The repairman won’t come on Friday.
B. She can’t hand in her paper on time.
C. She hasn’t finished her paper yet.
5.What are the speakers talking about?
A. A camera.
B. A computer. .
C. A film.
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，各小题将给出5秒钟做答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. What is wrong with the man’s booking at first?
A. The woman has mistaken another booking for his.
B. There is something wrong with the date.“
C. No empty room is left tonight.
7. Why does the woman agree to offer the man a cheaper price?
A He is regular customer.
B. A honeymoon room is on special today.
C. Their service has brought inconvenience to him.
8. How much should the man pay?
A. $100.
B. $90.
C. $75.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题:
9. What does Eddie do?
A. A travel writer.
B.A college student.
C. A TV reporter.
10. How will Eddie prepare for his talk with Tom Coogan?
A. By watching Tom Coogan’s travel program.
B. By reading Tom Coogan’s latest book.
C. By asking the woman questions.
11. Where will Eddie meet Tom Coogan?
A. At Tom Coogan’s house. B. At a TV station. C. At a college.
听第8段材料，回答第12至15题。
12. Why does the speaker give this talk?
A. To show her interest in the newspaper.
B. To give advice to young photographers.
C. To tell her experiences as a photographer.
13.What did the speaker discover while she was at university?
A. She could earn money from photographing.
B. She wasn’t interested in studying English.
C. She enjoyed taking pictures.
14. What did the speaker do for The Times newspaper in the beginning?
A. She photographed main events.
B. She wrote interesting stories.
C. She interviewed teenagers.
15. What does the speaker believe her seriousness can have an effect on?
A. The kind of jobs she is given.
B. The people who look at her photos.
C. The way she gets on with her workmates.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —I think our headmaster should be invited to the party.
—________. He will be treated as our honored guest.
A. It's up to you B. I agree absolutely C. You must be joking D. It doesn't matter
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—我认为应该邀请我们的校长来参加聚会。—我完全同意。他将被视为我们的贵宾。A. It's up to you由你做主； B. I agree absolutely我完全同意； C. You must be joking你一定是在开玩笑吧;D. It doesn't matter没关系。根据答句句意可知，回答者对于前者的提议表示“同意”，故选B。
2. To properly sort garbage, we use different ______ for different garbage.
A. agencies
B. capsules
C. criteria
D. containers
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了正确地分类垃圾，我们使用不同的垃圾箱来处理不同的垃圾。A. agencies机构；B. capsules胶囊；C. criteria标准；D. containers容器。分析句子，此处表示“垃圾箱，容器”用container。故选D。
3. Chaplin was not just a genius; he was among the most_______figures in film history.
A. influential
B. rewarding
C. convincing
D. lifelong
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卓别林不仅是个天才；他是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。A. influential有影响力的；B. rewarding有回报的；C. convincing令人信服的；D. lifelong终生的。根据句意可知，此处表示“有影响力的”。故选A。
4. In the past four decades China has_______improved the living standards of the ordinary people.
A. mutually
B. urgently
C. dramatically
D. objectively
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在过去的四十年里，中国 显著地提高了普通人民的生活水平。A. mutually互相地；B. urgently紧急地；C. dramatically显著地；D. objectively客观地。根据句意可知，此处表示“显著地”用dramatically。故选C。
5. It was reported that an agreement_______between the two companies and that they would carry out a project together.
A. had reached
B. had been reached
C. was reached
D. has been reached
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：据报道，这两家公司已经达成协议，他们将共同实施一个项目。分析句子，此处表示“达成协议”用reach an agreement，句中agreement与reach之间是被动关系，且在was reported之前，故使用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B。
6. Henry will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because_______.
A. he must teach a class
B. he will be teaching a class
C. he teaches a class
D. he will have been teaching
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：亨利今晚不能参加会议了，因为他将会一直上课。分析句子，句子表示将来的某个时刻正在发生某个动作，故使用将来进行时。故选B。
7. These problems_______by them the whole morning yesterday.
A. were being discussed
B. were discussed
C. have been discussed
D. have been discussing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天他们整个上午都在讨论这些问题。主语These problems与谓语动词discuss构成被动关系，结合后文the whole morning yesterday可知为过去进行时的被动语态。故选A。
8. We took_______for granted that they would accept our advice.
A. that
B. this
C. it
D. them
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我们想当然地认为他们会接受我们的建议。固定句型take it for granted that表示“理所当然地认为”。故选C。
9. Though not going as planned, the party_______to be very successful.
A. turned up
B. turned out
C. turned in
D. turned on
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：聚会虽然没有按计划进行，但结果非常成功。A. turned up出现；B. turned out结果是；C. turned in上交；D. turned on打开。分析句子，此处表示“结果是”用turn out。故选B。
10. Ever since high school he has_______journalism and now he has already become a very good journalist.
A. developed an appetite for
B. taken advantage of
C. made the best use of
D. paid more attention to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：从高中开始他就这样了他对新闻产生了兴趣，现在已经成为一名非常优秀的记者。A. developed an appetite for养成了对……的兴趣；B. taken advantage of利用；C. made the best use of充分利用；D. paid more attention to注意。根据后文“现在已经成为一名非常优秀的记者”可知，之前他对新闻产生了兴趣。故选A。
11. It’s only right that human beings should learn to live_______nature because they coexist with each other.
A. in honour of B. in harmony with C. in return for D. in control of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这是唯一正确的，人类应该学会与自然和谐共处，因为他们彼此共存。A. in honour of为纪念；B. in harmony with与……和谐；C. in return for作为……的报答；D. in control of控制。根据后文“nature because they coexist with each other”指和自然和谐共处，故选B。
12. _______all my classmates, I wish to say thanks to the teachers for giving us so much support.
A. In spite of
B. Instead of
C. On behalf of
D. Regardless of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我谨代表全体同学向老师们表示感谢，感谢他们给我们这么多的支持。A. In spite of尽管；B. Instead of取而代之；C. On behalf of代表；D. Regardless of不管。此处表示“代表”，用on behalf of。故选C。
13 It is unfair for the children_______the Internet if you only provide online courses.
A. without access to
B. in control of
C. in the act of
D. along the lines of
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果你只提供网络课程，对没有网络的孩子来说是不公平的。A. without access to不能接触；B. in control of控制；C. in the act of正在做；D. along the lines of在某方面。根据“It is unfair”可知，此处表示“不能接触互联网的孩子们”用without access to。故选A。
14. The fast development of the Internet has_______many changes to our daily life.
A. brought up B. took out C. took in D. brought forth
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：互联网的快速发展给我们的日常生活带来了许多变化。A. brought up抚养；B. took out拿出；C. took in理解；D. brought forth产生。根据后文“many changes to our daily life”指产生许多变化，故选D。
15. The police have searched for the lost child for a fortnight, but_______.
A. in vain
B. in turn
C. in time
D. in order
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：警察找了那个走失的孩子两个星期，但一无所获。A. in vain徒劳地；B. in turn依次地；C. in time及时；D. in order有顺序地。分析句子，此处but表示转折关系，即虽然警察找了两个星期，但是结果是徒劳地。故选A。
第二节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31〜45各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
My father was raised in a fatherless home at a time when the family of five struggled to survive, which caused my father to be extremely tightfisted (吝啬) with money. When we children became ___16___that other children got pocket money from their parents, we made a(an) ___17___to ask our father for some. Immediately his face turned stone cold, and he said, “If you’re old enough to ask, you’re old enough to earn.” And we had to seek odd jobs about the neighbourhood.
He didn’t ___18___ his attitude as we grew into adulthood. There was a time when ___19___of us had a car, so we had to ride a bus whenever we came home. Though the bus stopped about two miles from home, Dad never met us, ___20___ in bad weather. If someone ___21___ (and my brothers did a lot), he’d say in his ___22___ father-voice. “That’s what your legs are for!”
One spring morning I was on the bus home from ___23___ . Tests and long hours in labs had ___24___ me exhausted. As other students were met at their stops,
I looked silently out of the window. Finally, the bus came to a stop at my destination, and I ____25____ . carrying my suitcase to begin the long journey home.
The row of privet hedge (树篱)came into ____26____ which lined the driveway that climbed the hill to our house. I stopped to put a book in the suitcase. When I stood up, I saw something gray ____27____ a long the top of the hedge toward the house.
It was the top of my father’s head. I ____28____ then, each time I came home, he would stand behind the hedge, watching. ____29____ he knew I had arrived safely. I held back my tears. He did care. ____30____ .
Upon reaching home, I found my father innocently in his chair. ”So! It’s you!” he said, his face lengthening into surprise.
16. A. aware B. certain C. surprised D. excited
17. A. trouble B. suggestion C. attempt D. plan
18. A. strengthen B. soften C. take D. show
19. A. neither B. each C. all D. none
20. A. especially B. only C. even D. once
21. A. refused B. complained C. cried D. intended
22. A. strangest B. lowest C. scariest D. softest
23. A. work B. home C. town D. college
24. A. led B. made C. found D. proved
25. A. stepped off B. went off C. jumped on D. climbed on
26. A. mind B. view C. flower D. leaf
27. A. shining B. flying C. failing D. moving
28. A. supposed B. thought C. imagined D. realized
29. A. since B. after C. until D. though
30. A. after all B. above all C. in advance D. in total
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲一直对子女很严厉。向他要零花钱，他不给，让自己挣。长大后，作者回家，他从不出来接。有一次，作者回家时，不经意地发现了父亲的秘密。这时，作者才明白，其实父亲很关心自己，只是他有他自己关心的方式。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们孩子们知道其他孩子从父母那里得到零钱时，我们试图向父亲要一些钱。A. aware知道的；B. certain必然的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. excited兴奋的。根据下文other children got pocket money from their parents, we made a(n) ___2___ to ask our father for some.可知，我们知道其他孩子有父母给的零花钱。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. trouble麻烦；B. suggestion建议；C. attempt试图；D. plan 计划。 根据下文“ask our father for some”可知，我们尝试向父亲要一些钱。make an attempt to do意为“想做……，企图做…… ”，故选C。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们长大成人后，他的态度也没有软化。A. strengthen加强；B. soften变软；C. take拿；D. show展示。根据下文“we had to ride a bus whenever we came home”可知，我们长大成人以后，父亲的态度还是强硬的，没有“变软”。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：有一段时间我们没有任有车，因此无论我们什么时候回家，我们必须乘坐公共汽车。A. neither两者都不；B. each每个；C. all所有，都；D. none没有。根据下文“so we had to ride a bus”可知，此处是指作者家当时都没车，所以选 A、D 项；再由6空后的“and my brothers did a lot”可知，我们是三者以上，因此用none，不用neither。故选D 。
【20题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然公共汽车在离家大约两英里的地方停下来 ，但是甚至天气不好，父亲也从不来接我们。A. especially尤其；B. only只，只是；B. even甚至；D. once曾经。 根据上文“Dad never met us”可知，父亲对作者和哥哥们非常严厉，因此推断甚至不好的天气，父亲也不来接作者和哥哥们。故选C。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果有人抱怨（我哥哥们总是这么做），他总是用他让人害怕的父亲的声音说。A. refused拒绝；B. complained抱怨；C. cried哭；D. intended打算。根据上文“Dad never met us”可知，父亲从不接我们，作者和哥哥们难免抱怨。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. strangest最奇怪的；B. lowest最低的；C. scariest引起恐惧的，怕人的；D. softest最柔弱的，最轻柔的。由文章可知，作者的父亲很严厉，所以他的声音应该是让人害怕的。 故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个春天的上午，我坐公共汽车从大学回家。A. work工作；B. home家；C. town城镇；D. college大学。由该空后的“Tests and long hours in labs”可知，作者上了大学，一直待在实验室里。应该选college大学。故填D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：测试和数小时待在实验室里让我筋疲力尽。A. led带领；B. made制作；C. found发现；D. proved证明。make me exhausted让我精疲力竭。其他选项构不成该搭配。根据前文“Tests and long hours in labs”也可推出，考试和数小时的实验室试验会让人疲惫不堪。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：我下了车，提着我的手提箱开始回家的长途旅行。A. stepped off 下车；B. went off离开；C. jumped on跳上D. climbed on爬上。根据前文“the bus came to a stop at my destination”可知，车到了目的地，作者要下车。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一排女贞树篱映入眼帘，这排树篱排列在爬上山就能到我家的车道两边。A. mind思想；B. view观点；C. flower花；D. leaf树叶。come into view被看见；come into mind记起，想起。根据前文“The row of privet hedge”可知作者走在路上看到了路两边的树篱。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我站起来时，我看到一个黑影沿着树篱回了家。A. shining闪烁；B. flying飞；C. failing失败；D. moving移动。根据下文“It was the top of my father's head.”可知，这个黑影是父亲，因此父亲沿着树篱向家走去。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我“意识到”每次我回家时，他就会站在树篱后一直看到我平安抵达。A. supposed认为；B. thought想；C. imagined想象；D. realized意识到。根据上文可知，作者在回家的路上看到了父亲，这让作者意识到父亲每次回家都会站在树篱后面看着作者。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. since自从；B. after在……后面，C. until直到；D. though虽然。根据前文“he would stand behind the hedge, watching.”可知，父亲看着作者直到作者平安到家。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕竟，父亲还是很在意我们的。 A. after all毕竟，别忘了；B. above all最重要的是；C. in advance提前；D. in total全部，一共。根据前文“he would stand behind the hedge, watching.”可知，父亲每次都会躲在树篱后面看着作者直到作者平安到家，因此推断，毕竟父亲也是在乎作者和哥哥的。故选A。
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You can choose happiness regardless of your circumstances. You can choose to be happy no matter what challenges life brings you. Let the following simple strategies guide you back to your natural happy state.
Make lemonade when life gives you lemons.
Besides happiness, trouble will also be part of life. It’s how you choose to react to your situations that make the difference. If you look at something hard enough, you’ll see the positive side of it.
Do what you love doing.
Do you have a lifelong dream or desire? If so start working towards it. Taking baby steps towards a goal will help you feel like you’re accomplishing something. You’ll find drive and determination to reach that goal when it’s something you love doing.
Use one of your talents.
One reason why so many people are unhappy is that they’re not doing what they’re called to do with their God-given talents. Each of us has a purpose in life. You have natural talents to help you achieve your purpose, so use your talents effectively.
Call a friend who you know is positive and cheerful.
Talk about your feelings and listen to their advice. Usually, people allow themselves to go deeper and deeper into self-depression. The truth is that you don’t have to be sad. You can decide to be happy. You just have to make up your mind to do so.
Gratitude is the quickest cure for sadness.
When you focus on what’s wrong with your life, you forget to look at what’s right and good. Take a step back and reflect on your life. Do you have children or family to be thankful for? Yes, they may not be the person we’d like them to be, but imagine life without them. Now, be thankful that you have them in your life.
Let your feelings out on paper.
Often you’ll find that just getting your feelings down on paper will allow you to work through them, helping you feel better about yourself and your beautiful life!
31. The first paragraph is used to _______.
A. expect readers to ignore themselves
B. start a discussion among readers
C. introduce the topic to readers
D. carry out a challenge among readers
32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that _______.
A. trouble is part of life
B. lemonade is very delicious
C. life is full of sweetness and bitterness
D. lemons can only be used to make lemonade
33. The underlined word “God-given” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to“_______”.
A. diverse B. natural
C. excellent D. learned
34. Which of the following strategies is NOT mentioned in this passage?
A. Be grateful. B. Do many activities.
C. Call a cheerful friend. D. Use one of your talents.
35. The author writes the passage for _______ people.
A. excited B. depressed
C. bad-tempered D. kind-hearted
【答案】31. C 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了六种让你找回自然快乐状态的办法。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据本段最后一句Let the following simple strategies guide you back to your natural happy state.(让下面几个简单的策略指引你找到自然快乐状态)可知，本段是为了引出话题。故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段Besides happiness, trouble will also be part of life.(除了快乐之外，麻烦也是生活的一部分)可知，生活中既有快乐也有困难。因此C选项life is full of sweetness and bitterness(生活充满甜蜜和苦涩)正确。故选C。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据本段中后句You have natural talents to help you achieve your purpose, so use your talents effectively.(你有天生的才华帮助你实现你的目的，因此有效地利用你的才华吧)可知，这里的God-given talents指的应该就是natural talents“天生的才华”。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。文章介绍了六种让你找回自然快乐状态的办法：Make lemonade when life gives you lemons.(既来之,则安之)，Do what you love doing.(做你喜欢做的)，Use one of your talents.(使用你的才华)，Call a friend who you know is positive and cheerful.(给你认识的积极乐观的朋友打电话)，Gratitude is the quickest cure for sadness.(感恩是治疗悲伤最快的方法)，Let your feelings out on paper.(把你的心情写在纸上)。由此可知，四个选项中只有B项没有提到。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要是介绍了六种让你找回自然快乐状态的办法。因此这篇文章是针对沮丧，心情低落的人(depressed)所写。A. excited兴奋的；C. bad-tempered坏脾气的；D. kind-hearted好心的，这三个选项均不符合。故选B。
B
Many people around me make a difference to the world on a daily bas — being kind in unexpected ways and sharing the generosity of their lives with others. I, like many of them, volunteer some of my time in order to give back just a little of what I am so blessed to have. I volunteered to go to Guatemala with an eyeglass team from International Relief Teams — an organization I have supported in other ways for many years.
Our team went to a small town in Guatemala, San Augustin. We set up our tables and packages of pre-made glasses in the dirty courtyard of a clinic, put up the Snellen chart (an eye chart) on a wall, and began our work.
Young and old people came from many of the surrounding towns. Most had never received an eye exam before. They waited for hours patiently in the sun, never complaining. If we could help them out, their thankfulness for a simple pair of glasses was overwhelming. Some only left with eye drops or sunglasses, and even these people expressed their gratitude sincerely. All of them were very generous with blessings and smiles. We heard over and over from people who knew their eyes needed help but they had not gone to a doctor because it was too expensive, or had not got the glasses they needed for the same reason.
It’s so easy to overlook how much difference the volunteers’ small actions can make to the lives of people in Guatemala. The glasses in my country are so easily available, but to people in Guatemala, they are not.
As those who could give them a hand, we watched their lives change. What a gift sight is — and what a difference being able to see clearly makes! Here, we’d like you to join us and take action to help people in need. And every day, those actions change lives. No action is too small; no action is ever wasted.
36. According to Paragraph 1, the author is probably ________.
A. a major host of good deeds
B. a sponsor of an eyeglass team
C. a generous neighbor in his community
D. a supporter of International Relief Teams
37. What do we know about the volunteers in the eyeglass team?
A. Their working environment is simple.
B. They are medical experts nationwide.
C. Their initial preparation is inadequate.
D. They have served people in Guatemala for years.
38. Which of the following words can be used to describe most people in Guatemala?
A. Kind and helpful. B. Poor but grateful.
C. Considerate and patient. D. Knowledgeable but unhealthy.
39. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A. Rome was not built in a day.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Don’t look down upon those less fortunate.
D. Don’t take what you have today for granted.
40. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To urge people to protect their eyes.
B. To ask people to volunteer in Guatemala.
C. To call on people to do good deeds in daily life.
D. To show the difficult life of people in Guatemala.
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者志愿加入国际救援小组的眼镜队，团结队友去帮助别人，为世界贡献出自己的一份力量并号召人们在日常生活中也做好事。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段的I volunteered to go to Guatemala with an eyeglass team from International Relief Teams — an organization I have supported in other ways for many years.(我自愿和国际救援队的眼镜队一起去危地马拉，多年来我一直以其他方式支持这个组织)可知，作者是国际救援队的支持者。故选D项。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段的We set up our tables and packages of pre made glasses in the dirty courtyard of a clinic, put up the Snellen chart (an eye chart) on a wall, and began our work.(我们在一家诊所脏兮兮的院子里摆好桌子和一包事先准备好的眼镜，把斯内伦图（一个视力检查表）挂在墙上，开始工作)可推断出，眼镜队志愿者的工作环境很简陋。故选A项。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段的Some only left with eye drops or sunglasses, and even these people expressed their gratitude sincerely.(有些人只留下了眼药水或太阳镜，甚至这些人也真诚地表达了他们的感激之情)和第三段的最后一句We heard over and over from people who knew their eyes needed help but they had not gone to a doctor because it was too expensive, or had not got the glasses they needed for the same reason.(我们一遍又一遍地从那些知道眼睛需要帮助的人那里听到消息，但他们没有去看医生，因为太贵了，或者因为同样的原因没有得到他们需要的眼镜)可推断出，Guatemala的人虽贫穷但很感恩。故选B项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段的It’s so easy to overlook how much difference the volunteers’ small actions can make to the lives of people in Guatemala. The glasses in my country are so easily available, but to people in Guatemala, they are not.(人们很容易忽视志愿者的小行动对危地马拉人民生活的影响。我国的眼镜很容易买到，但对危地马拉人来说，不是)可知，不是人人都能有眼镜，由此推断出“不要把你今天所拥有的视为理所当然”。故选D项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段的Here, we’d like you to join us and take action to help people in need.(在这里，我们希望你加入我们，采取行动帮助有需要的人)可推断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是号召人们在日常生活中做好事。故选C项。
【点睛】推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分——推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分——推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。如在第5小题中，最后一段的Here, we’d like you to join us and take action to help people in need.是已知部分，通过结合原文进行合理地逻辑判断，可以得出作者写这篇文章的目的是号召人们在日常生活中做好事。故选C项。
C
Many parents worry that showing negative emotions in front of their children will cause them to suffer. For example, children may end up thinking it's their fault or simply "catch" the emotion. Indeed, this worry has a sound basis — the phenomenon of “emotional contagion"（情绪感染）is real, and one recent study found that parents can transfer their fear of going to the dentist, for example, to their children.
On the other hand, there is the natural idea that we should “be real" with our children, and that they will benefit from watching a parent who struggles and eventually deals with their negative emotions like any other human being.
There are three concepts to consider when it comes to emotional display in front of children: suppression （压抑），"uncontained" expression, and talking about emotions. Suppression of emotion is when you hide the outward signs of an emotion. Unfortunately, it doesn't work very well — the act of suppressing your emotion actually increases your blood pressure. Observers can pick up on your distress despite your efforts to hide it, making them feel stressed. The recent research has also found that when parents feel negative emotions and keep them from their children, they experience lower relationship quality and decreased responsiveness to their child's needs.
On the other hand, “uncontained" expression of anger and sadness by the parent is also not salutary for the child. Uncontained means high intensity emotion, with no attempts to regulate or take ownership of it. Shouting, smashing （摔）things and blaming someone else for "making you angry" are all example of this .
So, what is the middle ground? That would be talking about emotion taking ownership of them and showing your child that you are trying to deal with them. Classic research found that six-year-old kids had better emotional understanding and perspective-taking skills if their mothers had talked to them about their emotions at the age of three. In fact, the more the mothers had talked, the better the outcome would be.
So next time you feel sad, angry or frustrated and your child is watching you expressing emotion, do explain what's going on in terms they can understand.
41. The author uses the example of going to the dentist mainly to _______.
A. explain parents' common fear
B. introduce the topic of negative emotions
C. show children may catch parents' emotions
D. present the consequences of transferring negative emotions
42. If a mother suppresses （(压抑)）her emotions, .
A. she will not make her kids feel stressed
B. she can hide her emotions from her kids
C. she will often shout at her kids for no reasons
D. she can't respond effectively to her kids' needs
43. What does the underlined word "salutary" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A Enough. B. Beneficial.
C. Necessary. D. Reliable.
44. What is the author's intention of writing this text?
A. To encourage parents to "be real" with our children.
B. To call on parents to develop a positive attitude to life.
C. To inform parents of the consequences of negative emotions.
D. To recommend parents to talk about negative emotions with children.
45. What's the structure of the text?
A. B.
C. D.
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. D 45. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了许多父母担心在孩子面前表现出负面情绪会让孩子痛苦。研究表明这种担忧——“情绪传染”现象是真实存在的。但是父母应该真实地对待孩子，孩子可以处理这种负面情绪。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的Indeed, this worry has a sound basis — the phenomenon of “emotional contagion"（情绪感染）is real, and one recent study found that parents can transfer their fear of going to the dentist, for example, to their children.( 事实上，这种担心有坚实的基础——“情绪传染”现象是真实的，最近的一项研究发现，例如，父母可以把他们去看牙医的恐惧转移给孩子。)可推断，作者使用看牙医的例子是为了说明孩子可以感染父母的情绪。故选C。
42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的Suppression of emotion is when you hide the outward signs of an emotion. Unfortunately, it doesn't work very well — the act of suppressing your emotion actually increases your blood pressure. (抑制情绪是你隐藏情绪的外在迹象的时候，不幸的是，它不能很好地起作用——抑制你的情绪实际上会增加你的血压。)可推断，如果一个母亲压抑她的情绪，她就不能有效地对孩子的需求做出反应。故选D。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文Uncontained means high intensity emotion, with no attempts to regulate or take ownership of it. Shouting, smashing （摔）things and blaming someone else for "making you angry" are all example of this .( 不包含意味着强烈的情绪，没有试图调整或拥有它。 喊，砸东西和指责别人“让你生气”都是这方面的例子。)可推断，划线句表示：父母“不受约束”地表达愤怒和悲伤对孩子无益的。故划线词词义是：受益的。故选B。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段So next time you feel sad, angry or frustrated and your child is watching you expressing emotion, do explain what's going on in terms they can understand.
(因此，下次当你感到悲伤、愤怒或沮丧，而你的孩子正在看着你表达情感时，请用他们能理解的术语解释发生了什么。)可推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐家长与孩子谈论负面情绪。故选D。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，一、二段阐述最近的一项研究发现，父母可以把他们的情绪转移给孩子。三、四、五段阐述父母的情绪对孩子的影响，与孩子谈论情绪，找到中间地带；最后一段提出建议。故选B。
【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义或句意题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义或句意是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第3小题。根据下文Uncontained means high intensity emotion, with no attempts to regulate or take ownership of it. Shouting, smashing （摔）things and blaming someone else for "making you angry" are all example of this .( 不包含意味着强烈的情绪，没有试图调整或拥有它。 喊，砸东西和指责别人“让你生气”都是这方面的例子。)可推断，划线句表示：父母“不受约束”地表达愤怒和悲伤对孩子无益的。故划线词词义是：受益的。故选B。
第II卷非选择题(满分25分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读表达
Growing up in Saudi Arabia, 44-year-old photographer Jody MacDonald has always had a strong interest in the desert. “I have always wanted to spend some time in the Sahara,” MacDonald said. “There are still so many unexplored areas in the Sahara Desert. These relatively unexplored places are so rare these days and hold the very fundamentals of exploration, which attract me. So finally I made the journey.” MacDonald started her journey in Mauritania’s capital city Nouakchott, and headed inland where she and her team jumped on the world’s longest cargo train (货运列车) for a 435-mile journey on the Mauritania Railway. “The train was dirty and uncomfortable but it was such an interesting and unique way to travel through the vast desert by train,” said MacDonald.
MacDonald and her group had to face many challenges on their journey. Except for the dirt and discomfort, the travelers also had to deal with the intense heat, violent winds and even dangerous sandstorms. “I was out taking photographs and within minutes, the wind increased to more than 100 miles an hour,” MacDonald said. “I thought my skin was going to be torn off because of the rain and blowing sand. It felt like sandpaper on my skin. I have never experienced winds that strong before. There was once a time when I wanted to give up.”
She dealt with the harsh (恶劣的) conditions by trying not to travel in the middle of the day and wore headscarves to protect herself from the sun and blowing sand. “The weather definitely dictates when and where you travel,” said MacDonald. Even with all the challenges, the photographer managed to record amazing images of the beautiful but harsh landscapes of Mauritania, and its fascinating cultures and communities.
46. Why did MacDonald tour the Sahara? (no more than 10 words)
47. How did MacDonald feel on the cargo train? (no more than 5 words)
48. Why did MacDonald once decide to give up her journey? (no more than 10 words)
49. What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean? (1 word)
50. How does MacDonald’s story inspire you in life? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
【答案】46. Because many unexplored places in the Sahara Desert attracted her.
47. She felt dirty and uncomfortable.
48. Because the weather conditions are harsh.
49. Decides/Determines.

50. MacDonald’spirit of bravely overcoming difficulties inspires me. I will face the difficulties in life and manage to overcome them.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了摄影师MacDonald克服各种挑战，实现了自己探索撒哈拉沙漠的梦想。
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“There are still so many unexplored areas in the Sahara Desert. These relatively unexplored places are so rare these days and hold the very fundamentals of exploration, which attract me. So finally I made the journey.(撒哈拉沙漠还有很多未开发的地区。这些相对未被探索的地方如今是如此罕见，并且蕴含着探索的基本原理，这吸引了我。所以我终于踏上了旅程。)”可知，撒哈拉沙漠有很多未被探索的地方，这吸引着MacDonald，所以她要去撒哈拉沙漠旅行，故答案为Because many unexplored areas in the Sahara Desert attracted her.
【47题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中““The train was dirty and uncomfortable(火车既脏又不舒服)”可知，MacDonald感觉火车很脏而且还很不舒服，故答案为She felt dirty and uncomfortable.
【48题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中““I thought my skin was going to be torn off because of the rain and blowing sand. It felt like sandpaper on my skin. I have never experienced winds that strong before. There was once a time when I wanted to give up.”(“我以为我的皮肤会因为下雨和吹沙子而被扯掉，感觉就像砂纸在我的皮肤上摩擦一样。我从来没有经历过这么大的风。曾经有一段时间，我想要放弃。”)”可知，恶劣的天气使作者曾经想放弃她的旅程，故答案为Because the weather conditions are harsh.
【49题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据划线单词上文“She dealt with the harsh (恶劣的) conditions by trying not to travel in the middle of the day and wore headscarves to protect herself from the sun and blowing sand.(为了应对恶劣的环境，她尽量不在中午出门，并戴上头巾以防太阳和风沙侵袭。)”可知，恶劣的天气环境决定了她们的出行时间，结合画线单词上下文““The weather definitely dictates when and where you travel,” said MacDonald(MacDonald说:“天气肯定会......你旅行的时间和地点。”)”可知，划线单词“dictates”意思为“决定”，故答案为Decide/Determine.
【50题详解】
开放题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Even with all the challenges, the photographer managed to record amazing images of the beautiful but harsh landscapes of Mauritania, and its fascinating cultures and communities.(尽管面临种种挑战，摄影师还设法拍下了毛里塔尼亚美丽而严酷的风景，以及迷人的文化和社区。)”可知，文章主要讲述了摄影师MacDonald克服各种挑战，实现了自己探索撒哈拉沙漠的梦想，她这种不畏艰难，勇往直前的精神鼓舞着我们在学习和生活上也要勇敢面对困难，想办法去解决，最终实现自己的梦想。故答案为：MacDonald’spirit of bravely overcoming difficulties inspires me. I will face the difficulties in life and manage to overcome them.
第二节：书面表达(满分15分)
51. 假设你是星光中学的李华，你将代表学校参加主题为“Actions for Greener Earth”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿，主要内容包括：
(1)目前我们生存的地球所面临的环境问题：植被数量减少，野生动物的栖息地骤减等；
(2)人们为绿色地球可以采取的行动：为野生动植物建立自然保护区，倡导绿色出行等。
注意：1.词数不少于100；
2.演讲稿的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：vegetation植被;habitat栖息地;nature reserve自然保护区
Ladies and gentlemen,
Good afternoon! I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School. The topic of my speech is “Action for Green Earth”.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you!
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
Good afternoon! I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School. The topic of my speech is “Action for Green Earth”. As we all know, the earth we live on is facing the most serious environmental problems we have never seen before. For example, due to the excessive exploitation and destruction of human beings, the amount of vegetation is constantly reduced, and the biodiversity is threatened. The expansion of arable land has led to the drastic reduction of wildlife habitat, and many animals are endangered.
First of all, I think we should set up nature reserves for wild animals to ensure the living environment for wild animals. Secondly, we should advocate green travel, which can reduce carbon emission, so as to build a beautiful and green planet. Finally, I appeal that we should start from the small things around, reduce and avoid waste, to create a good ecological environment.
That’s all. Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Actions for Greener Earth”为主题写一份演讲稿。内容包括：(1)目前我们生存的地球所面临的环境问题：植被数量减少，野生动物的 栖息地骤减等；(2)人们为绿色地球可以采取的行动：为野生动植物建立自然保护区，倡导绿色出行等。
【详解】1.词汇积累
例如：for example→for instance
因为：due to → owing to
建立：set up→ build/establish
严重的：serious→ severe
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The expansion of arable land has led to the drastic reduction of wildlife habitat, and many animals are endangered.
拓展句：The expansion of arable land has led to the drastic reduction of wildlife habitat, where many animals are endangered.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we all know, the earth we live on is facing the most serious environmental problems we have never seen before. （运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Secondly, we should advocate green travel, which can reduce carbon emission, so as to build a beautiful and green planet. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）