还剩18页未读，
继续阅读
浙江省宁波市镇海中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）
展开
这是一份浙江省宁波市镇海中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共21页。
镇海中学2023年6月高二期末适应性考试
英 语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Exploring Italy’s Timeless Treasures
Italy, a country steeped in history and beauty, is home to numerous iconic landmarks that attract millions of visitors each year. Let’s start our journey to discover its most renowned attractions.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa
Constructed as a bell tower in the 12th century, it gradually leaned due to unstable ground. The sight of visitors posing to “hold up” the tower has become an iconic image, while climbing its winding stairs offers breathtaking views of the surrounding Piazza dei Miracoli.
Pompeii
Buried under volcanic ash for centuries, the ancient city of Pompeii is an extraordinary archaeological (考古的) site. Exploring its remarkably preserved ruins offers a glimpse into daily life during Roman times, making it an incredible historical destination.
The Amalfi Coast
The Amalfi Coast, a UNESCO World Heritage site, attracts the tourists with its vibrant and soft-toned Cliffside (悬崖边的) villages, such as Positano and Ravello. Visitors can taste the region’s delicious cuisine, stroll along scenic paths, and enjoy the crystal-clear waters of the Mediterranean.
The Colosseum
Rome’s most famous landmark, the Colosseum, is an ancient stadium that was once used for exciting fights and shows. As you step inside, imagine the cheers of the Roman crowds and marvel at the engineering marvels of the time.
Join us on this extraordinary adventure, where Italy’s rich heritage comes alive and creates memories that will last a lifetime. Don’t miss out on this incredible opportunity to witness the splendor of these legendary sites firsthand. Book your ticket today and let the wonders of Italy charm your senses!
1. Where can tourists see well-preserved city ruins?
A. The Leaning Tower of Pisa. B. Pompeii.
C. The Amalfi Coast. D. The Colosseum.
2. What is the feature of the Colosseum?
A. It was a famous bell tower. B. It is known for its leaning angle.
C. It has waters as clear as crystal. D. It was the stage for thrilling battles.
3. Where is this passage most likely taken from?
A. A social media comment. B. A travel brochure.
C. A historical book. D. An academic paper
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个意大利最著名的景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pompeii部分中的“Buried under volcanic ash for centuries, the ancient city of Pompeii is an extraordinary archaeological (考古的) site. Exploring its remarkably preserved ruins offers a glimpse into daily life during Roman times, making it an incredible historical destination. (被火山灰掩埋了几个世纪的庞贝古城是一个非凡的考古遗址。探索其保存完好的遗迹，可以一瞥罗马时代的日常生活，使其成为一个令人难以置信的历史目的地)”可知，游客在庞贝可以看到保存完好的城市遗址。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Colosseum部分中的“Rome’s most famous landmark, the Colosseum, is an ancient stadium that was once used for exciting fights and shows. (罗马最著名的地标是罗马斗兽场，这是一座古老的体育场，曾经用于激动人心的战斗和表演)”可知，罗马斗兽场的特色是进行过惊险战斗的舞台。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Italy, a country steeped in history and beauty, is home to numerous iconic landmarks that attract millions of visitors each year. Let’s start our journey to discover its most renowned attractions. (意大利是一个充满历史和美丽的国家，拥有众多标志性建筑，每年吸引数百万游客。让我们开始我们的旅程，发现最著名的景点)”可知，文章介绍了四个意大利最著名的景点。由此推知，这篇文章很可能摘自一本旅游小册子。故选B。
B
My high school English teacher used to tell us stuff like, “Learning a foreign language can change you forever.” Despite being an obvious attempt to make. us passionate about her subject, it really is true that learning a new language can change your personality.
Later, I moved from Italy to England. Here, I started speaking and writing 10 times more English than I had ever done before. The more I spoke, the more my teacher’s prophecy was fulfilled. I wasn’t only changing: my Italian-speaking self and my English-speaking self had become two very different individuals.
Blogging is where the signs of this effect first showed. Every time I write something in Italian, my mother tongue, it leads me to profound thoughts. When I reread my old posts, I can imagine myself drinking delicious wine and lips chanting “I Dreamed a Dream” from Les Misérables (悲惨世界). Whenever I blog in English, on the other hand, it’s a different story. I feel like my mind is experiencing wild adventures or sliding down rainbows.
This personality divide also started to show in different social situations. At Italian-speaking parties, I’m dressed in the normal black suit so I can mix up with other guests, careful not to make eye contact with strangers. Surprisingly, I don’t have this problem at English-speaking parties. It’s just that I feel more free, more funny whenever I speak English.
Later, I came across an interesting article from the New Republic. Over the past several decades, scientists have studied whether speaking different languages makes us any different. All their findings seem to suggest that — indeed, bilingual or trilingual people’s personalities slightly differ depending on which language they are using.
But it’s not the terms we know (or don’t know) that shape our personalities. Maybe we can have the whole Oxford Dictionary in our brain, but it isn’t until we pour all that into the ear of someone who’s willing to listen, react and respond, that language really has an impact on who we are.
4. What does the underlined word “prophecy” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Impact. B. Warning. C. Prediction. D. Requirement.
5. How does the author feel when blogging in Italian?
A. The author feels it easy to access deep thoughts.
B. The author feels a sense of wild adventure.
C. The author feels trapped in old memories.
D. The author feels a wave of profound sadness.
6. What can we learn from the article from the New Republic?
A. The method of mastering various languages.
B. The weaknesses of multilinguals’ personalities.
C. The impact of different languages on personalities.
D. Unique habits of bilingual or trilingual people.
7. What plays a decisive role in shaping our personalities when using languages?
A. Successful conversations. B. A wide vocabulary.
C. Knowledge of difficult terms. D. A talent for languages.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者通过自己的经历讲述了学习一门新语言确实可以改变一个人的个性。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“My high school English teacher used to tell us stuff like, “Learning a foreign language can change you forever.”(我的高中英语老师曾经告诉我们，“学习一门外语可以永远改变你。”)”及划线词下文“I wasn’t only changing: my Italian-speaking self and my English-speaking self had become two very different individuals.(我不仅在改变：说意大利语的我和说英语的我变成了两个截然不同的个体)”可知，划线词所在句子The more I spoke, the more my teacher’s prophecy was fulfilled.的意思为“我说得越多，我老师的预言就越应验”。由此推知，划线词prophecy与prediction(预言之事)意思接近。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Blogging is where the signs of this effect first showed. Every time I write something in Italian, my mother tongue, it leads me to profound thoughts.(博客是这种影响最早显现的地方。每次我用我的母语意大利语写东西，它都会让我产生深刻的思考)”可知，当用意大利语写博客时，作者觉得很容易进入深刻的思想。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Later, I came across an interesting article from the New Republic. Over the past several decades, scientists have studied whether speaking different languages makes us any different. All their findings seem to suggest that — indeed, bilingual or trilingual people’s personalities slightly differ depending on which language they are using.(后来，我在《新共和》上看到一篇有趣的文章。在过去的几十年里，科学家们一直在研究说不同的语言是否会让我们有所不同。他们所有的研究结果似乎都表明，确实，双语或三语者的性格会因他们使用的语言而略有不同)”可知，我们可以从《新共和》的文章中了解到不同语言对个性的影响。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Maybe we can have the whole Oxford Dictionary in our brain, but it isn’t until we pour all that into the ear of someone who’s willing to listen, react and respond, that language really has an impact on who we are.(也许我们的大脑里有一整本牛津词典，但只有当我们把所有这些都倒进愿意倾听、做出反应和回应的人的耳朵里时，语言才会真正影响我们)”可推知，在使用语言时，成功的对话对塑造我们的个性起着决定性的作用。故选A。
C
When you walk through a neighborhood, what do you see? In the United States, it will likely be a few trees and bushes among large areas of grassy lawns (草坪). These big green carpets might look pretty. But a plain expanse of grass is an ecological wasteland. It’s filled with just one type of plant — a species that doesn’t support insects, birds or other wildlife the way a natural ecosystem would.
Lawns started in England back around the Middle Ages. At that time, most people had to grow their own food.
A big expanse of grass would serve as a display of wealth; these people could afford to have land without crops.
The grasses planted back then were native to England. They grew well with that nation’s soils, ample rains and cool temperatures.
Those same grasses now cover lawns across the world, from Europe and the United States to Australia.
Although they did well in England, they’re not as well adapted to places with different climates and levels of soil nutrients.
That means it can take a lot of work to maintain these yards. People tend to add fertilizers to keep their lawns green. They water regularly, because these grass species can’t handle hot summers or places with little rain. People may even use chemicals to keep out weeds and pests.
All those activities use up or pollute much-needed fresh water. Both are problems, especially in the face of ongoing drought. Pesticides and fertilizers washed away by rain or watering can also harm the ecosystems in streams.
That’s why a growing number of people are rethinking lawns. What does that mean? Allowing a greater variety of plants and animals to thrive in these spaces could save water, experts say. It could also reduce chemical pollution. Yards planted with more diverse species could make for healthier ecosystems with more pollination and pest control. In the end, such changes should benefit people and wildlife alike.
8. Why does the author mention large grassy lawns in paragraph 1?
A. To describe their popularity. B. To explain their waste of money.
C. To introduce their great benefits. D. To show their lack of plant diversity.
9. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. People growing various crops on their lawns.
B. Grasses native to England spreading worldwide.
C. Grasses lacking adaptation to diverse environments.
D. Grasslands being kept to show wealth and status.
10. What do people usually do to attend to their lawns?
A. Employ chemicals to kill harmful pests. B. Plant drought-resistant native grass.
C. Adapt the grasses to different soils. D. Avoid using artificial fertilizers on lawns.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards making yards diverse?
A. Skeptical. B. Surprised. C. Dismissive. D. Favorable.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了种植更多不同物种的院子的好处和必要性。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In the United States, it will likely be a few trees and bushes among large areas of grassy lawns (草坪). These big green carpets might look pretty. But a plain expanse of grass is an ecological wasteland. It’s filled with just one type of plant — a species that doesn’t support insects, birds or other wildlife the way a natural ecosystem would.(在美国，它可能是大草坪中的几棵树和灌木丛。这些绿色的大地毯可能看起来很漂亮。但是一片草原就是一片生态荒地。它只充满了一种植物——一种不像自然生态系统那样支持昆虫、鸟类或其他野生动物的物种)”可推知，作者提到大草坪是为了显示它们缺乏植物多样性。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Although they did well in England, they’re not as well adapted to places with different climates and levels of soil nutrients.(尽管它们在英国生长得很好，但它们不太适应气候和土壤养分水平不同的地方)”可知，这些草坪缺乏对不同环境的适应。由此可知，划线词所在句“That means it can take a lot of work to maintain these yards.(这意味着维护这些院子需要做很多工作)”中的That指的是上文提到的草坪缺乏对不同环境的适应。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“People may even use chemicals to keep out weeds and pests.(人们甚至可能使用化学药品来防止杂草和害虫)”可知，人们通常用化学药剂来杀死有害的害虫。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Allowing a greater variety of plants and animals to thrive in these spaces could save water, experts say. It could also reduce chemical pollution. Yards planted with more diverse species could make for healthier ecosystems with more pollination and pest control. In the end, such changes should benefit people and wildlife alike.(专家说，允许更多种类的动植物在这些空间中茁壮成长可以节约水资源。它还可以减少化学污染。种植更多不同物种的院子可以通过更多的授粉和害虫控制来创造更健康的生态系统。最终，这样的改变应该对人类和野生动物都有好处)”可推知，作者对使院子多样化持赞成态度。故选D。
D
In 1985, the world was alerted that in the atmosphere a giant hole was forming in the Earth’s protective ozone (臭氧) layer. Word leaders swiftly gathered and two years later, the United Nations agreed to an the chemicals responsible for wearing away the layer that protects Earth from the sun’s ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation.
Known as the Montreal Protocol (议定书), it was a win for the ozone layer. But unknown to the world at the time, it was also about to prevent a climate disaster. As new research shows, the chemicals, known as the ODSs, are also responsible for causing 30 percent of the temperature increase we saw globally from 1955 to 2005.
The Montreal Protocol regulates nearly 100 ozone-eating chemicals, which popularized in the 1930s for mass use in refrigerators. They tend to accumulate in the atmosphere and drift wherever the wind takes them. Once they reach the stratosphere (平流层), they begin to break down. They’re “shattered by photons (光子),” explains Dennis Hartmann, a climate scientist. That is what causes the hole in the ozone layer.
In the troposphere (对流层) — which fewer photons reach — the ODSs then serve as long-lasting greenhouse gases: Back in 1987, scientists knew ODSs trapped some solar radiation, but only recently have scientists been putting together the evidence that ODSs are actually one of the most damaging warming factors of the past half century. By banning the ODSs, the Montreal Protocol unintentionally prevented 1C of warming by 2050.
With the Montreal Protocol, world leaders came together around an urgent cause. In the process, we accidentally removed the second-largest forcer of global warming. “The unplanned benefits for the global climate”, says Susann Tegtmeier, an atmospheric scientist, “can be considered a very welcome and very positive side effect.”
While it’s taken a lot more talks to begin removing the main driver of climate change — carbon dioxide — the Montreal Protocol proves the power of group action and shows how tackling environmental misery together can help us in ways we didn’t expect.
12. What was the main purpose of the Montreal Protocol?
A To ensure yearly gatherings of world leaders. B. To prevent global temperatures from rising.
C. To ban chemicals that damage the ozone layer. D. To stop the mass production of refrigerators.
13. Which effect might the ODSs have on the Earth?
A. Stopping global temperature rise. B. Protecting the ozone layer.
C. Reducing greenhouse gases. D. Making the Earth much warmer.
14. From the last two paragraphs, the author may agree that ________.
A. talks are an inefficient way to deal with climate change
B. international cooperation is vital in removing carbon dioxide
C. environmental disasters are sometimes quite unexpected
D. group actions can’t avoid causing negative side effects
15. What is the most suitable title for the article?
A. Hidden Benefit: The Montreal Protocol Cooling Earth
B. Magic Chemicals: the ODSs Winning Huge Popularity
C. Ozone Crisis: Chemicals Wearing Away the Layer
D. Climbing Heat: The UN Calling for Urgent Talks
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各国签署《蒙特利尔议定书》的原因及意义。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“As new research shows, the chemicals, known as the ODSs, are also responsible for causing 30 percent of the temperature increase we saw globally from 1955 to 2005.(新的研究表明，从1955年到2005年，全球气温上升的30%也是由这些化学物质造成的，这些化学物质被称为消耗臭氧层物质)”及第三段中的“The Montreal Protocol regulates nearly 100 ozone-eating chemicals, which popularized in the 1930s for mass use in refrigerators.(《蒙特利尔议定书》规定了近100种消耗臭氧层的化学物质，这些化学物质在20世纪30年代被广泛用于冰箱)”可推知，《蒙特利尔议定书》的主要目的是禁止破坏臭氧层的化学物质。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As new research shows, the chemicals, known as the ODSs, are also responsible for causing 30 percent of the temperature increase we saw globally from 1955 to 2005.(新的研究表明，从1955年到2005年，全球气温上升的30%也是由这些化学物质造成的，这些化学物质被称为消耗臭氧层物质)”可知，地球上的臭氧消耗物质可能会使地球变暖。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“With the Montreal Protocol, world leaders came together around an urgent cause. In the process, we accidentally removed the second-largest forcer of global warming.(通过《蒙特利尔议定书》，世界各国领导人为一项紧迫的事业走到了一起。在这个过程中，我们不小心移除了全球变暖的第二大因素)”及最后一段“While it’s taken a lot more talks to begin removing the main driver of climate change — carbon dioxide — the Montreal Protocol proves the power of group action and shows how tackling environmental misery together can help us in ways we didn’t expect.(虽然需要进行更多的谈判才能开始消除气候变化的主要驱动因素——二氧化碳，但《蒙特利尔议定书》证明了集体行动的力量，并表明共同解决环境问题可以以我们意想不到的方式帮助我们)”可推知，作者可能同意国际合作对消除二氧化碳至关重要。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Known as the Montreal Protocol (议定书), it was a win for the ozone layer. But unknown to the world at the time, it was also about to prevent a climate disaster.(它被称为《蒙特利尔议定书》，是臭氧层的胜利。但当时世界不知道的是，它还将阻止一场气候灾难)”及倒数第二段中的“With the Montreal Protocol, world leaders came together around an urgent cause. In the process, we accidentally removed the second-largest forcer of global warming.(通过《蒙特利尔议定书》，世界各国领导人为一项紧迫的事业走到了一起。在这个过程中，我们不小心移除了全球变暖的第二大因素)”及最后一段“While it’s taken a lot more talks to begin removing the main driver of climate change — carbon dioxide — the Montreal Protocol proves the power of group action and shows how tackling environmental misery together can help us in ways we didn’t expect.(虽然需要进行更多的谈判才能开始消除气候变化的主要驱动因素——二氧化碳，但《蒙特利尔议定书》证明了集体行动的力量，并表明共同解决环境问题可以以我们意想不到的方式帮助我们)”可知，文章介绍了世界各国签署《蒙特利尔议定书》的原因及意义。由此可知，Hidden Benefit: The Montreal Protocol Cooling Earth(隐藏的好处：《蒙特利尔议定书》为地球降温)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Staying alone can be both a challenging and rewarding experience. It offers a unique opportunity for self-reflection, personal growth, and independence. When we are alone, we can connect with our inner selves and discover our strengths and weaknesses.
In the quietness of being alone, we can escape the noise and distractions of the outside world. It allows us to slow down, be present, and appreciate the simple moments in life. ____16____ For example, we can read a book, listen to music, or pursue a hobby. Without the pressures of social interactions, we can focus on our own thoughts and feelings, gaining a deeper understanding of ourselves.
Being alone also encourages independence and problem-solving skills. ____17____ It teaches us adaptability as we go through challenges and uncertainties. We become more self-dependent and capable of handling various situations on our own.
____18____ Taking time away from the constant demands of others allows us to focus on our own needs and refuel our energy reserves. It’s important to recognize that taking time for ourselves is not selfish, but rather a necessary part of self-care. By recharging our batteries, we ultimately become more productive and fulfilled in our personal and professional lives.
____19____ While staying alone can be beneficial, humans are social beings by nature. We desire companionship, support, and shared experiences. It is important to reach out to loved ones, build meaningful relationships, and engage in social activities that bring us happiness and fulfillment.
In conclusion, staying alone can be a trans formative experience. ____20____ Embracing the state of being alone can lead to personal growth, inner peace, and a deeper understanding of ourselves. So, let us not fear being alone but embrace it as an opportunity for self-reflection and self-empowerment.
A. Being alone can increase your sense of connection to other people.
B. In fact, there are many disadvantages to being alone.
C. We can take the time to engage in activities that bring us joy.
D. When there is no one else around to rely on, we learn to make decisions independently.
E. It enables self-entertainment, independence, and refreshment in our own company.
F. However, it is essential to strike a balance between staying alone and social connection.
G. Moreover, staying alone allows us to recharge and refresh.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了独自一人既具有挑战性，又有回报。它为自我反省、个人成长和独立提供了一个独特的机会。
【16题详解】
根据下文“For example, we can read a book, listen to music, or pursue a hobby.(例如，我们可以读一本书，听音乐，或追求一个爱好)”可知，独处可以让我们从事自己喜欢的事情。由此可知，C. We can take the time to engage in activities that bring us joy.(我们可以花时间从事能给我们带来快乐的活动)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Being alone also encourages independence and problem-solving skills.(独处也能鼓励独立和解决问题的能力)”可知，独处能够提高独立解决问题的能力。由此可知，D. When there is no one else around to rely on, we learn to make decisions independently.(当身边没有人可以依靠时，我们学会独立做决定)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Taking time away from the constant demands of others allows us to focus on our own needs and refuel our energy reserves.(从别人不断的需求中抽出时间，让我们专注于自己的需求，为我们的能量储备补充能量)”及“By recharging our batteries, we ultimately become more productive and fulfilled in our personal and professional lives.(通过给自己充电，我们最终会在个人和职业生活中变得更有成效、更有成就感)”可知空格处放在句首，总结本段意思：独处给我们自己充电，带来成就感，G. Moreover, staying alone allows us to recharge and refresh.(此外，独处可以让我们充电和恢复精力)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下文“While staying alone can be beneficial, humans are social beings by nature. We desire companionship, support, and shared experiences. It is important to reach out to loved ones, build meaningful relationships, and engage in social activities that bring us happiness and fulfillment.(虽然独处是有益的，但人类本质上是社会动物。我们渴望陪伴、支持和分享经验。向所爱的人伸出援手，建立有意义的关系，参与能给我们带来快乐和满足的社会活动，这一点很重要)”可知，虽然独处是有益的，但是人还是需要进行社交活动的。由此可知，F. However, it is essential to strike a balance between staying alone and social connection.(然而，在独处和社交之间取得平衡是很重要的)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“In conclusion, staying alone can be a trans formative experience.(总之，独处是一种转变性的经历)”和下文“Embracing the state of being alone can lead to personal growth, inner peace, and a deeper understanding of ourselves.(拥抱独处的状态可以带来个人成长、内心平静和对自己更深的理解)”可知，此处在总结独处带来的好处。由此可知，E. It enables self-entertainment, independence, and refreshment in our own company.(它能让我们在自己的公司里自我娱乐、独立和放松)能够衔接上下文，符合语境。故选E。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Queen’s Gambit is a TV series about a chess genius inspired by a doorkeeper. Now, a(n) ____21____ version of The Queen’s Gambit is playing out at a school in Maine.
David Bishop ____22____ the school day as a full-time doorkeeper, but after work, he grabs his chess boards and begins his second ____23____: part-time chess coach.
The 61- year- old doorkeeper has ____24____ both elementary and middle school teams to state championship titles this year. One of his players, 11-year-old Avery Zhang, ____25____ the state champion for grades K-5 this year.
____26____ Mr. Bishop enjoyed chess and was good at it, he didn’t join his high school chess club, ____27____ he would be labelled as a nerd (呆子). These days, thanks to the growing ____28____ of chess after The Queen’s Gambit, those stereotypes (刻板印象) no longer apply.
But unlike the TV series’ doorkeeper, Bishop is ____29____ not just one girl but dozens of kids of all skill levels and backgrounds. His one worry is that there aren’t as many girls ______30______ chess. There’s only one female on his middle school champion team right now. He’s hoping to ______31______ that situation by getting kids into the ______32______ at earlier ages.
Bishop also emphasizes to his young players that chess is about ______33______ winning. “I tell my kids that chess ______34______ your life,” he told the Daily News, “Whether in life or in chess, if you work hard, if you’re not discouraged by failure, you will be ______35______.”
21. A. all-out B. real-life C. high-quality D. long-lasting
22. A. plans B. needs C. views D. spends
23. A. chance B. victory C. role D. skill
24. A. invited B. coached C. assigned D. exposed
25. A. became B. contacted C. witnessed D. found
26. A. Because B. Unless C. While D. Since
27 A. hoping B. proving C. regretting D. worrying
28. A. freedom B. appeal C. standard D. demand
29. A. appointing B. informing C. helping D. advocating
30. A. taking up B. hearing about C. majoring in D. dealing with
31. A. maintain B. support C. analyze D. change
32. A. game B. contest C. school D. career
33. A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. less than
34. A. controls B. tolerates C. protects D. mirrors
35. A. optimistic B. successful C. ambitious D. professional
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了缅因州的一所学校的全职看门人大卫•毕晓普，在下班后，他兼职国际象棋教练，他指导的小学和中学的队获得了州冠军。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，缅因州的一所学校正在上演现实版的《女王的棋局》。A. all-out全力以赴的；B. real-life现实的；C. high-quality高质量的；D. long-lasting持久的。根据上文“The Queen’s Gambit is a TV series about a chess genius inspired by a doorkeeper.”及下文“version of The Queen’s Gambit is playing out at a school in Maine”可知，此处指现实版的《女王的棋局》。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大卫·毕晓普在学校日是全职看门人，但下班后，他拿起自己的棋盘，开始了他的第二个角色：兼职国际象棋教练。A. plans计划；B. needs需要；C. views观看；D. spends花费，度过。根据下文“as a full-time doorkeeper, but after work”可知，大卫·毕晓普作为全职看门人，他要把学校日时间花在自己的岗位上。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大卫·毕晓普在学校日是全职看门人，但下班后，他拿起自己的棋盘，开始了他的第二个角色：兼职国际象棋教练。A. chance机会；B. victory胜利；C. role角色；D. skill技能。根据下文“part-time chess coach”可知，此处指他的第二个角色。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位61岁的看门人今年已经指导了小学和中学的队获得州冠军。A. invited邀请；B. coached指导；C. assigned分配；D. exposed暴露。根据上文“he grabs his chess boards and begins his second ____3____ : part-time chess coach.”可知，此处指他指导的小学和中学的队获得了州冠军。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的队员之一、11岁的Avery Zhang今年成为了州K-5年级的冠军。A. became成为；B. contacted联系；C. witnessed见证；D. found发现。根据下文“the state champion for grades K-5 this year.”可知，此处指成为了州K-5年级的冠军。故选A。
26题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：虽然毕晓普喜欢下棋，也擅长下棋，但他没有加入高中时的象棋俱乐部，担心自己会被贴上书呆子的标签。A. Because因为；B. Unless除非；C. While虽然；D. Since自从。前后句意存在转折关系，应用while引导让步状语从句。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然毕晓普喜欢下棋，也擅长下棋，但他没有加入高中时的象棋俱乐部，担心自己会被贴上书呆子的标签。A. hoping希望；B. proving证明；C. regretting后悔；D. worrying担忧。根据上文“he didn’t join his high school chess club”及下文“he would be labelled as a nerd (呆子).”可知，他没有加入高中时的象棋俱乐部，是因为担心自己会被贴上书呆子的标签。。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，由于《女王的棋局》之后国际象棋的吸引力越来越大，这些刻板印象不再适用。A. freedom自由；B. appeal吸引力；C. standard标准；D. demand需求。根据下文“those stereotypes (刻板印象) no longer apply.”可知，由于《女王的棋局》之后国际象棋的吸引力越来越大，这些刻板印象不再适用。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但与电视剧中的看门人不同，毕晓普帮助的不仅仅是一个女孩，而是几十个技能水平和背景各异的孩子。A. appointing任命；B. informing通知；C. helping帮助；D. advocating倡导。根据上文“but after work, he grabs his chess boards and begins his second ____3____ : part-time chess coach.”可知，下班后，毕晓普做兼职国际象棋教练，帮助孩子们下国际象棋。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他担心的一个问题是，没有那么多女孩学习国际象棋。A. taking up开始从事（指开始学习或从事某种活动、爱好或职业）；B. hearing about听说；C. majoring in主修；D. dealing with处理。根据下文“There’s only one female on his middle school champion team right now.”可知，他担心没有那么多女孩学习国际象棋。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他希望通过让孩子们在更小的时候就开始玩游戏来改变这种情况。A. maintain维护；B. support支持；C. analyze分析；D. change变化。根据上文“His one worry is that there aren’t as many girls ____10____ chess. There’s only one female on his middle school champion team right now.”可知，他希望能改变这种情况。故选D。
32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他希望通过让孩子们在更小的时候就开始玩游戏来改变这种情况。A. game游戏；B. contest竞赛；C. school学校；D. career职业。根据下文“Bishop also emphasizes to his young players that chess is about ____13____ winning.”可知，他希望孩子们把国际象棋当作游戏来玩，而不是竞赛。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕晓普还向他的年轻棋手们强调，国际象棋不只是为了获胜。A. rather than而不是；B. other than除外；C. more than不只是；D. less than少于。根据下文““I tell my kids that chess ____14____ your life,” he told the Daily News, “Whether in life or in chess, if you work hard, if you’re not discouraged by failure, you will be ____15____.””可知，此处指国际象棋不只是为了获胜，它还能给人启发。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我告诉我的孩子，国际象棋反映了你的生活，”他告诉《每日新闻》，“无论是在生活中还是在国际象棋中，如果你努力工作，如果你不因失败而气馁，你就会成功。”A. controls控制；B. tolerates忍受；C. protects保护；D. mirrors反映。根据下文“Whether in life or in chess, if you work hard, if you’re not discouraged by failure, you will be ____15____.”可知，国际象棋反映了一个人的生活。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我告诉我的孩子，国际象棋反映了你的生活，”他告诉《每日新闻》，“无论是在生活中还是在国际象棋中，如果你努力工作，如果你不因失败而气馁，你就会成功。”A. optimistic乐观的；B. successful成功的；C. ambitious雄心勃勃的；D. professional专业的。此处与failure呼应，successful符合语境。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Park Hyalt Ningbo drew us to visit this city in China that we may otherwise have not yet discovered. We planned to book a First Class ticket to Ningbo but when ____36____ tickets for that cabin were sold out, we chose Business Class. We had no knowledge about ____37____ the train cabins and seats would look like, so we were more than ____38____ (pleasant) surprised to see that as we boarded the train. Inside, the spacious leather seats ____39____ (surround) by a hard shell which gives a small feeling of ____40____ (private).
We enjoyed traveling the CRH in Business so much ____41____ we decided to book the same class ticket ____42____ our trip back to Shanghai on our return. This time however when we boarded the train there was a small automatic door to our left and the cabin had only 9 Business Class seats. This ____43____ (small) cabin felt much more private. The ride was smooth and peaceful. There was also a train attendant ____44____ came around with water, juice and a light snack. It was great to have so much space for our luggage as well.
This is one of those cases where it really made sense for us to spend a little bit more for a far better experience.
If we find ourselves _____45_____ (board) a CRH train again in the future, I would choose the Business Class ticket again.
【答案】36. the
37. what 38. pleasantly
39. are surrounded
40. privacy
41. that 42. for
43 smaller
44. who 45. boarding
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在中国旅行，乘坐高铁商务舱的经历和感受。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我们原计划订一张去宁波的头等舱票，但那个舱位的票卖完了，我们就选了商务舱。此处特指上文提到的头等舱票（First Class ticket），应用定冠词the。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们不知道火车的车厢和座位是什么样子，所以当我们登上火车时，看到这一切，我们感到非常惊喜。此处是介词about后的宾语从句，连接词在从句中作like的宾语，指代“什么样子”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：我们不知道火车的车厢和座位是什么样子，所以当我们登上火车时，看到这一切，我们感到非常惊喜。此处修饰形容词surprised，应用副词pleasantly，作状语。故填pleasantly。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在内部，宽敞的真皮座椅被硬壳包围，给人一种小小的隐私感。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语the spacious leather seats与谓语动词surround是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是复数，be动词使用are。故填are surrounded。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：在内部，宽敞的真皮座椅被硬壳包围，给人一种小小的隐私感。此处作介词of的宾语，应用名词privacy“隐私”，抽象名词，不可数。故填privacy。
【41题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：我们非常喜欢出差乘坐中国高铁，所以我们决定在回程时为回上海的旅行订一张同舱位车票。此处是固定句型so...that...“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们非常喜欢出差乘坐中国高铁，所以我们决定在回程时为回上海的旅行订一张同舱位车票。此处表示“为……”，应用介词for。故填for。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：这个较小的客舱感觉更私密。根据上文“This time however when we boarded the train there was a small automatic door to our left and the cabin had only 9 Business Class seats.”可知，这个客舱比第一次订的客舱要小一些，应用形容词比较级smaller作定语，修饰名词cabin。故填smaller。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：还有一名火车乘务员带着水、果汁和零食过来。此处引导限定性定语从句，在there be句型中，先行词指人时，只能用who，指物时用that。先行词a train attendant，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，可以使用关系代词who引导。故填who。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果将来我们再次乘坐高铁，我还是会选择商务舱的票。非谓语动词board与ourselves是逻辑主谓关系，board应用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填boarding。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris正在学习汉语，请你给他写一封电子邮件推荐英语短视频系列Chinese Idiom Stories(中华成语故事)，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；2. 推荐理由；3. 期待观后交流。
参考词汇：短视频short video
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
I am glad to learn that you are learning Chinese. I would like to recommend you a short video series of Chinese Idiom Stories.
Chinese Idiom Stories details the stories behind each one and offers a humorous and fascinating insight into the cultural history of China. From paper tigers to praying mantis, to the music of nature and heavenly robes, these tales have not only shed light on the traditional Chinese way of thinking, but also illustrated many of its ancient customs.
I hope you can get a lot out of it. I also look forward to sharing with you the feelings after watching.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris正在学习汉语，请你给他写一封电子邮件推荐英语短视频系列Chinese Idiom Stories(中华成语故事)，内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 推荐理由；3. 期待观后交流。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→pleased
详细说明：detail→elaborate on
从……中获益良多：get a lot out of→benefit a lot from
推荐：recommend = nominate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I would like to recommend you a short video series of Chinese Idiom Stories.
拓展句：I would like to recommend you a short video series of Chinese Idiom Stories, which will benefit you a lot.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am glad to learn that you are learning Chinese.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I also look forward to sharing with you the feelings after watching.(运用了动名词作宾语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I started reading to myself, as well as out loud to Mother and other family members, between the ages of three and four. By the time I turned five, I was reading “chapter books,” like the Bobbsey Twins. I read whenever books came my way, usually by my mother taking me to the town’s small but book-packed library on Saturdays. Along my journey as a reader, there were other helping hands that develop my love for books-Mrs. Eleanor Harrison, my first-grade teacher.
When I started first grade, making friends became a challenge for me. My rich vocabulary made me easy to be labeled as a bookworm (书呆子), causing other children to shy away from playing with me. My mother explained that there would be “stuff” I already knew while others didn’t. Reading was one such skill — I could read while none of my classmates were able to. Therefore, when we moved to a new city, and I found myself in a new school, I decided to pretend that I didn’t know many words either, just to fit in.
On the first day of school, my mother walked me there and introduced herself to Mrs. Harrison, my new teacher. After that, I walked to school and back home by myself. However, around a month later, something significant happened. One afternoon, when I came home from school, my mother told me that my teacher, Mrs. Harrison, had called and wanted to have a meeting with her. I immediately asked if I was in trouble since I had only heard of teachers calling parents when there was all issue.
“She didn’t say so,” responded Mother, as thoughts raced through my mind, “She said she wanted to talk to me about you.” Mother pulled me to her — one of her healing hugs. I trusted my mother. I knew she loved me. I blurted out, “So, you think this will have a ‘happily ever after’ ending?” Mother kissed me on the top of my head, just as she often did, and smiled saying, “Yes. I’m sure it will be alright.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
The day of the meeting came.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“I like that idea!” Firmly, I nodded a yes.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
The day of the meeting came. Mrs. Harrison told my mother that she noticed I was a very special child. In the course of class, my reading speed was very fast and understanding ability was relatively strong, which suggested my knowledge was very wide. She could see that there were many books I should be reading. But she found out I was hiding some of my abilities. Recently, the school wanted to hold a school reading festival, and wanted to find a student representative to speak on stage, to tell about their reading experience and introduce the benefits of reading. My mother also introduced my actual situation to Mrs. Harrison, and gladly accepted the task. When she got home, she told me the news immediately.
“I like that idea!” Firmly, I nodded a yes. My mother and I began to actively prepare my speech, the title of which was the reading story of a little bookworm. In my speech, I introduced that I had been fond of reading since childhood, and reading enriched my vocabulary, my thoughts, and made me have a broader knowledge and vision. I hoped that I could continue to maintain my enthusiasm for reading, and that more and more students could actively participate in reading activities. I also hoped to find more friends who loved reading, communicate with each other and make progress together.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者从小酷爱阅读，丰富的词汇量使他很容易被贴上“书呆子”的标签，导致其他孩子都不敢和他一起玩，因此，当他们搬到一个新的城市，在新学校里，他决定假装自己不知道很多单词，只是为了适应。直到有一天，作者的老师打电话要约谈他的妈妈，作者开始担心自己是不是惹了麻烦，但是妈妈只是告诉他，老师只是想多了解他的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“会面的日子来了。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈和老师见面后，老师向妈妈介绍作者在学校的表现及老师想安排给作者一个活动任务。
②由第二段首句内容““我喜欢这个主意！”我坚定地点了点头。”可知，第二段可描写作者很高兴地接受了老师安排的任务，并圆满完成任务的过程。
2.续写线索：老师介绍我在学校的表现——老师想安排我做一个学校任务——高兴地接受任务——积极准备——演讲稿的内容——自己的愿望
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①举办：hold/organize/host
②保持：maintain/ keep
③加入：participate in/take part in
情绪类
①喜欢：be fond of/be keen on
②积极地：actively/ zealously
【点睛】[高分句型1] Mrs. Harrison told my mother that she noticed I was a very special child. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] In the course of class, my reading speed was very fast and understanding ability was relatively strong, which suggested my knowledge was very wide. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)
镇海中学2023年6月高二期末适应性考试
英 语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Exploring Italy’s Timeless Treasures
Italy, a country steeped in history and beauty, is home to numerous iconic landmarks that attract millions of visitors each year. Let’s start our journey to discover its most renowned attractions.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa
Constructed as a bell tower in the 12th century, it gradually leaned due to unstable ground. The sight of visitors posing to “hold up” the tower has become an iconic image, while climbing its winding stairs offers breathtaking views of the surrounding Piazza dei Miracoli.
Pompeii
Buried under volcanic ash for centuries, the ancient city of Pompeii is an extraordinary archaeological (考古的) site. Exploring its remarkably preserved ruins offers a glimpse into daily life during Roman times, making it an incredible historical destination.
The Amalfi Coast
The Amalfi Coast, a UNESCO World Heritage site, attracts the tourists with its vibrant and soft-toned Cliffside (悬崖边的) villages, such as Positano and Ravello. Visitors can taste the region’s delicious cuisine, stroll along scenic paths, and enjoy the crystal-clear waters of the Mediterranean.
The Colosseum
Rome’s most famous landmark, the Colosseum, is an ancient stadium that was once used for exciting fights and shows. As you step inside, imagine the cheers of the Roman crowds and marvel at the engineering marvels of the time.
Join us on this extraordinary adventure, where Italy’s rich heritage comes alive and creates memories that will last a lifetime. Don’t miss out on this incredible opportunity to witness the splendor of these legendary sites firsthand. Book your ticket today and let the wonders of Italy charm your senses!
1. Where can tourists see well-preserved city ruins?
A. The Leaning Tower of Pisa. B. Pompeii.
C. The Amalfi Coast. D. The Colosseum.
2. What is the feature of the Colosseum?
A. It was a famous bell tower. B. It is known for its leaning angle.
C. It has waters as clear as crystal. D. It was the stage for thrilling battles.
3. Where is this passage most likely taken from?
A. A social media comment. B. A travel brochure.
C. A historical book. D. An academic paper
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个意大利最著名的景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pompeii部分中的“Buried under volcanic ash for centuries, the ancient city of Pompeii is an extraordinary archaeological (考古的) site. Exploring its remarkably preserved ruins offers a glimpse into daily life during Roman times, making it an incredible historical destination. (被火山灰掩埋了几个世纪的庞贝古城是一个非凡的考古遗址。探索其保存完好的遗迹，可以一瞥罗马时代的日常生活，使其成为一个令人难以置信的历史目的地)”可知，游客在庞贝可以看到保存完好的城市遗址。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Colosseum部分中的“Rome’s most famous landmark, the Colosseum, is an ancient stadium that was once used for exciting fights and shows. (罗马最著名的地标是罗马斗兽场，这是一座古老的体育场，曾经用于激动人心的战斗和表演)”可知，罗马斗兽场的特色是进行过惊险战斗的舞台。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Italy, a country steeped in history and beauty, is home to numerous iconic landmarks that attract millions of visitors each year. Let’s start our journey to discover its most renowned attractions. (意大利是一个充满历史和美丽的国家，拥有众多标志性建筑，每年吸引数百万游客。让我们开始我们的旅程，发现最著名的景点)”可知，文章介绍了四个意大利最著名的景点。由此推知，这篇文章很可能摘自一本旅游小册子。故选B。
B
My high school English teacher used to tell us stuff like, “Learning a foreign language can change you forever.” Despite being an obvious attempt to make. us passionate about her subject, it really is true that learning a new language can change your personality.
Later, I moved from Italy to England. Here, I started speaking and writing 10 times more English than I had ever done before. The more I spoke, the more my teacher’s prophecy was fulfilled. I wasn’t only changing: my Italian-speaking self and my English-speaking self had become two very different individuals.
Blogging is where the signs of this effect first showed. Every time I write something in Italian, my mother tongue, it leads me to profound thoughts. When I reread my old posts, I can imagine myself drinking delicious wine and lips chanting “I Dreamed a Dream” from Les Misérables (悲惨世界). Whenever I blog in English, on the other hand, it’s a different story. I feel like my mind is experiencing wild adventures or sliding down rainbows.
This personality divide also started to show in different social situations. At Italian-speaking parties, I’m dressed in the normal black suit so I can mix up with other guests, careful not to make eye contact with strangers. Surprisingly, I don’t have this problem at English-speaking parties. It’s just that I feel more free, more funny whenever I speak English.
Later, I came across an interesting article from the New Republic. Over the past several decades, scientists have studied whether speaking different languages makes us any different. All their findings seem to suggest that — indeed, bilingual or trilingual people’s personalities slightly differ depending on which language they are using.
But it’s not the terms we know (or don’t know) that shape our personalities. Maybe we can have the whole Oxford Dictionary in our brain, but it isn’t until we pour all that into the ear of someone who’s willing to listen, react and respond, that language really has an impact on who we are.
4. What does the underlined word “prophecy” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Impact. B. Warning. C. Prediction. D. Requirement.
5. How does the author feel when blogging in Italian?
A. The author feels it easy to access deep thoughts.
B. The author feels a sense of wild adventure.
C. The author feels trapped in old memories.
D. The author feels a wave of profound sadness.
6. What can we learn from the article from the New Republic?
A. The method of mastering various languages.
B. The weaknesses of multilinguals’ personalities.
C. The impact of different languages on personalities.
D. Unique habits of bilingual or trilingual people.
7. What plays a decisive role in shaping our personalities when using languages?
A. Successful conversations. B. A wide vocabulary.
C. Knowledge of difficult terms. D. A talent for languages.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者通过自己的经历讲述了学习一门新语言确实可以改变一个人的个性。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“My high school English teacher used to tell us stuff like, “Learning a foreign language can change you forever.”(我的高中英语老师曾经告诉我们，“学习一门外语可以永远改变你。”)”及划线词下文“I wasn’t only changing: my Italian-speaking self and my English-speaking self had become two very different individuals.(我不仅在改变：说意大利语的我和说英语的我变成了两个截然不同的个体)”可知，划线词所在句子The more I spoke, the more my teacher’s prophecy was fulfilled.的意思为“我说得越多，我老师的预言就越应验”。由此推知，划线词prophecy与prediction(预言之事)意思接近。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Blogging is where the signs of this effect first showed. Every time I write something in Italian, my mother tongue, it leads me to profound thoughts.(博客是这种影响最早显现的地方。每次我用我的母语意大利语写东西，它都会让我产生深刻的思考)”可知，当用意大利语写博客时，作者觉得很容易进入深刻的思想。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Later, I came across an interesting article from the New Republic. Over the past several decades, scientists have studied whether speaking different languages makes us any different. All their findings seem to suggest that — indeed, bilingual or trilingual people’s personalities slightly differ depending on which language they are using.(后来，我在《新共和》上看到一篇有趣的文章。在过去的几十年里，科学家们一直在研究说不同的语言是否会让我们有所不同。他们所有的研究结果似乎都表明，确实，双语或三语者的性格会因他们使用的语言而略有不同)”可知，我们可以从《新共和》的文章中了解到不同语言对个性的影响。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Maybe we can have the whole Oxford Dictionary in our brain, but it isn’t until we pour all that into the ear of someone who’s willing to listen, react and respond, that language really has an impact on who we are.(也许我们的大脑里有一整本牛津词典，但只有当我们把所有这些都倒进愿意倾听、做出反应和回应的人的耳朵里时，语言才会真正影响我们)”可推知，在使用语言时，成功的对话对塑造我们的个性起着决定性的作用。故选A。
C
When you walk through a neighborhood, what do you see? In the United States, it will likely be a few trees and bushes among large areas of grassy lawns (草坪). These big green carpets might look pretty. But a plain expanse of grass is an ecological wasteland. It’s filled with just one type of plant — a species that doesn’t support insects, birds or other wildlife the way a natural ecosystem would.
Lawns started in England back around the Middle Ages. At that time, most people had to grow their own food.
A big expanse of grass would serve as a display of wealth; these people could afford to have land without crops.
The grasses planted back then were native to England. They grew well with that nation’s soils, ample rains and cool temperatures.
Those same grasses now cover lawns across the world, from Europe and the United States to Australia.
Although they did well in England, they’re not as well adapted to places with different climates and levels of soil nutrients.
That means it can take a lot of work to maintain these yards. People tend to add fertilizers to keep their lawns green. They water regularly, because these grass species can’t handle hot summers or places with little rain. People may even use chemicals to keep out weeds and pests.
All those activities use up or pollute much-needed fresh water. Both are problems, especially in the face of ongoing drought. Pesticides and fertilizers washed away by rain or watering can also harm the ecosystems in streams.
That’s why a growing number of people are rethinking lawns. What does that mean? Allowing a greater variety of plants and animals to thrive in these spaces could save water, experts say. It could also reduce chemical pollution. Yards planted with more diverse species could make for healthier ecosystems with more pollination and pest control. In the end, such changes should benefit people and wildlife alike.
8. Why does the author mention large grassy lawns in paragraph 1?
A. To describe their popularity. B. To explain their waste of money.
C. To introduce their great benefits. D. To show their lack of plant diversity.
9. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. People growing various crops on their lawns.
B. Grasses native to England spreading worldwide.
C. Grasses lacking adaptation to diverse environments.
D. Grasslands being kept to show wealth and status.
10. What do people usually do to attend to their lawns?
A. Employ chemicals to kill harmful pests. B. Plant drought-resistant native grass.
C. Adapt the grasses to different soils. D. Avoid using artificial fertilizers on lawns.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards making yards diverse?
A. Skeptical. B. Surprised. C. Dismissive. D. Favorable.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了种植更多不同物种的院子的好处和必要性。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In the United States, it will likely be a few trees and bushes among large areas of grassy lawns (草坪). These big green carpets might look pretty. But a plain expanse of grass is an ecological wasteland. It’s filled with just one type of plant — a species that doesn’t support insects, birds or other wildlife the way a natural ecosystem would.(在美国，它可能是大草坪中的几棵树和灌木丛。这些绿色的大地毯可能看起来很漂亮。但是一片草原就是一片生态荒地。它只充满了一种植物——一种不像自然生态系统那样支持昆虫、鸟类或其他野生动物的物种)”可推知，作者提到大草坪是为了显示它们缺乏植物多样性。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Although they did well in England, they’re not as well adapted to places with different climates and levels of soil nutrients.(尽管它们在英国生长得很好，但它们不太适应气候和土壤养分水平不同的地方)”可知，这些草坪缺乏对不同环境的适应。由此可知，划线词所在句“That means it can take a lot of work to maintain these yards.(这意味着维护这些院子需要做很多工作)”中的That指的是上文提到的草坪缺乏对不同环境的适应。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“People may even use chemicals to keep out weeds and pests.(人们甚至可能使用化学药品来防止杂草和害虫)”可知，人们通常用化学药剂来杀死有害的害虫。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Allowing a greater variety of plants and animals to thrive in these spaces could save water, experts say. It could also reduce chemical pollution. Yards planted with more diverse species could make for healthier ecosystems with more pollination and pest control. In the end, such changes should benefit people and wildlife alike.(专家说，允许更多种类的动植物在这些空间中茁壮成长可以节约水资源。它还可以减少化学污染。种植更多不同物种的院子可以通过更多的授粉和害虫控制来创造更健康的生态系统。最终，这样的改变应该对人类和野生动物都有好处)”可推知，作者对使院子多样化持赞成态度。故选D。
D
In 1985, the world was alerted that in the atmosphere a giant hole was forming in the Earth’s protective ozone (臭氧) layer. Word leaders swiftly gathered and two years later, the United Nations agreed to an the chemicals responsible for wearing away the layer that protects Earth from the sun’s ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation.
Known as the Montreal Protocol (议定书), it was a win for the ozone layer. But unknown to the world at the time, it was also about to prevent a climate disaster. As new research shows, the chemicals, known as the ODSs, are also responsible for causing 30 percent of the temperature increase we saw globally from 1955 to 2005.
The Montreal Protocol regulates nearly 100 ozone-eating chemicals, which popularized in the 1930s for mass use in refrigerators. They tend to accumulate in the atmosphere and drift wherever the wind takes them. Once they reach the stratosphere (平流层), they begin to break down. They’re “shattered by photons (光子),” explains Dennis Hartmann, a climate scientist. That is what causes the hole in the ozone layer.
In the troposphere (对流层) — which fewer photons reach — the ODSs then serve as long-lasting greenhouse gases: Back in 1987, scientists knew ODSs trapped some solar radiation, but only recently have scientists been putting together the evidence that ODSs are actually one of the most damaging warming factors of the past half century. By banning the ODSs, the Montreal Protocol unintentionally prevented 1C of warming by 2050.
With the Montreal Protocol, world leaders came together around an urgent cause. In the process, we accidentally removed the second-largest forcer of global warming. “The unplanned benefits for the global climate”, says Susann Tegtmeier, an atmospheric scientist, “can be considered a very welcome and very positive side effect.”
While it’s taken a lot more talks to begin removing the main driver of climate change — carbon dioxide — the Montreal Protocol proves the power of group action and shows how tackling environmental misery together can help us in ways we didn’t expect.
12. What was the main purpose of the Montreal Protocol?
A To ensure yearly gatherings of world leaders. B. To prevent global temperatures from rising.
C. To ban chemicals that damage the ozone layer. D. To stop the mass production of refrigerators.
13. Which effect might the ODSs have on the Earth?
A. Stopping global temperature rise. B. Protecting the ozone layer.
C. Reducing greenhouse gases. D. Making the Earth much warmer.
14. From the last two paragraphs, the author may agree that ________.
A. talks are an inefficient way to deal with climate change
B. international cooperation is vital in removing carbon dioxide
C. environmental disasters are sometimes quite unexpected
D. group actions can’t avoid causing negative side effects
15. What is the most suitable title for the article?
A. Hidden Benefit: The Montreal Protocol Cooling Earth
B. Magic Chemicals: the ODSs Winning Huge Popularity
C. Ozone Crisis: Chemicals Wearing Away the Layer
D. Climbing Heat: The UN Calling for Urgent Talks
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各国签署《蒙特利尔议定书》的原因及意义。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“As new research shows, the chemicals, known as the ODSs, are also responsible for causing 30 percent of the temperature increase we saw globally from 1955 to 2005.(新的研究表明，从1955年到2005年，全球气温上升的30%也是由这些化学物质造成的，这些化学物质被称为消耗臭氧层物质)”及第三段中的“The Montreal Protocol regulates nearly 100 ozone-eating chemicals, which popularized in the 1930s for mass use in refrigerators.(《蒙特利尔议定书》规定了近100种消耗臭氧层的化学物质，这些化学物质在20世纪30年代被广泛用于冰箱)”可推知，《蒙特利尔议定书》的主要目的是禁止破坏臭氧层的化学物质。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As new research shows, the chemicals, known as the ODSs, are also responsible for causing 30 percent of the temperature increase we saw globally from 1955 to 2005.(新的研究表明，从1955年到2005年，全球气温上升的30%也是由这些化学物质造成的，这些化学物质被称为消耗臭氧层物质)”可知，地球上的臭氧消耗物质可能会使地球变暖。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“With the Montreal Protocol, world leaders came together around an urgent cause. In the process, we accidentally removed the second-largest forcer of global warming.(通过《蒙特利尔议定书》，世界各国领导人为一项紧迫的事业走到了一起。在这个过程中，我们不小心移除了全球变暖的第二大因素)”及最后一段“While it’s taken a lot more talks to begin removing the main driver of climate change — carbon dioxide — the Montreal Protocol proves the power of group action and shows how tackling environmental misery together can help us in ways we didn’t expect.(虽然需要进行更多的谈判才能开始消除气候变化的主要驱动因素——二氧化碳，但《蒙特利尔议定书》证明了集体行动的力量，并表明共同解决环境问题可以以我们意想不到的方式帮助我们)”可推知，作者可能同意国际合作对消除二氧化碳至关重要。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Known as the Montreal Protocol (议定书), it was a win for the ozone layer. But unknown to the world at the time, it was also about to prevent a climate disaster.(它被称为《蒙特利尔议定书》，是臭氧层的胜利。但当时世界不知道的是，它还将阻止一场气候灾难)”及倒数第二段中的“With the Montreal Protocol, world leaders came together around an urgent cause. In the process, we accidentally removed the second-largest forcer of global warming.(通过《蒙特利尔议定书》，世界各国领导人为一项紧迫的事业走到了一起。在这个过程中，我们不小心移除了全球变暖的第二大因素)”及最后一段“While it’s taken a lot more talks to begin removing the main driver of climate change — carbon dioxide — the Montreal Protocol proves the power of group action and shows how tackling environmental misery together can help us in ways we didn’t expect.(虽然需要进行更多的谈判才能开始消除气候变化的主要驱动因素——二氧化碳，但《蒙特利尔议定书》证明了集体行动的力量，并表明共同解决环境问题可以以我们意想不到的方式帮助我们)”可知，文章介绍了世界各国签署《蒙特利尔议定书》的原因及意义。由此可知，Hidden Benefit: The Montreal Protocol Cooling Earth(隐藏的好处：《蒙特利尔议定书》为地球降温)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Staying alone can be both a challenging and rewarding experience. It offers a unique opportunity for self-reflection, personal growth, and independence. When we are alone, we can connect with our inner selves and discover our strengths and weaknesses.
In the quietness of being alone, we can escape the noise and distractions of the outside world. It allows us to slow down, be present, and appreciate the simple moments in life. ____16____ For example, we can read a book, listen to music, or pursue a hobby. Without the pressures of social interactions, we can focus on our own thoughts and feelings, gaining a deeper understanding of ourselves.
Being alone also encourages independence and problem-solving skills. ____17____ It teaches us adaptability as we go through challenges and uncertainties. We become more self-dependent and capable of handling various situations on our own.
____18____ Taking time away from the constant demands of others allows us to focus on our own needs and refuel our energy reserves. It’s important to recognize that taking time for ourselves is not selfish, but rather a necessary part of self-care. By recharging our batteries, we ultimately become more productive and fulfilled in our personal and professional lives.
____19____ While staying alone can be beneficial, humans are social beings by nature. We desire companionship, support, and shared experiences. It is important to reach out to loved ones, build meaningful relationships, and engage in social activities that bring us happiness and fulfillment.
In conclusion, staying alone can be a trans formative experience. ____20____ Embracing the state of being alone can lead to personal growth, inner peace, and a deeper understanding of ourselves. So, let us not fear being alone but embrace it as an opportunity for self-reflection and self-empowerment.
A. Being alone can increase your sense of connection to other people.
B. In fact, there are many disadvantages to being alone.
C. We can take the time to engage in activities that bring us joy.
D. When there is no one else around to rely on, we learn to make decisions independently.
E. It enables self-entertainment, independence, and refreshment in our own company.
F. However, it is essential to strike a balance between staying alone and social connection.
G. Moreover, staying alone allows us to recharge and refresh.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了独自一人既具有挑战性，又有回报。它为自我反省、个人成长和独立提供了一个独特的机会。
【16题详解】
根据下文“For example, we can read a book, listen to music, or pursue a hobby.(例如，我们可以读一本书，听音乐，或追求一个爱好)”可知，独处可以让我们从事自己喜欢的事情。由此可知，C. We can take the time to engage in activities that bring us joy.(我们可以花时间从事能给我们带来快乐的活动)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Being alone also encourages independence and problem-solving skills.(独处也能鼓励独立和解决问题的能力)”可知，独处能够提高独立解决问题的能力。由此可知，D. When there is no one else around to rely on, we learn to make decisions independently.(当身边没有人可以依靠时，我们学会独立做决定)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Taking time away from the constant demands of others allows us to focus on our own needs and refuel our energy reserves.(从别人不断的需求中抽出时间，让我们专注于自己的需求，为我们的能量储备补充能量)”及“By recharging our batteries, we ultimately become more productive and fulfilled in our personal and professional lives.(通过给自己充电，我们最终会在个人和职业生活中变得更有成效、更有成就感)”可知空格处放在句首，总结本段意思：独处给我们自己充电，带来成就感，G. Moreover, staying alone allows us to recharge and refresh.(此外，独处可以让我们充电和恢复精力)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下文“While staying alone can be beneficial, humans are social beings by nature. We desire companionship, support, and shared experiences. It is important to reach out to loved ones, build meaningful relationships, and engage in social activities that bring us happiness and fulfillment.(虽然独处是有益的，但人类本质上是社会动物。我们渴望陪伴、支持和分享经验。向所爱的人伸出援手，建立有意义的关系，参与能给我们带来快乐和满足的社会活动，这一点很重要)”可知，虽然独处是有益的，但是人还是需要进行社交活动的。由此可知，F. However, it is essential to strike a balance between staying alone and social connection.(然而，在独处和社交之间取得平衡是很重要的)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“In conclusion, staying alone can be a trans formative experience.(总之，独处是一种转变性的经历)”和下文“Embracing the state of being alone can lead to personal growth, inner peace, and a deeper understanding of ourselves.(拥抱独处的状态可以带来个人成长、内心平静和对自己更深的理解)”可知，此处在总结独处带来的好处。由此可知，E. It enables self-entertainment, independence, and refreshment in our own company.(它能让我们在自己的公司里自我娱乐、独立和放松)能够衔接上下文，符合语境。故选E。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Queen’s Gambit is a TV series about a chess genius inspired by a doorkeeper. Now, a(n) ____21____ version of The Queen’s Gambit is playing out at a school in Maine.
David Bishop ____22____ the school day as a full-time doorkeeper, but after work, he grabs his chess boards and begins his second ____23____: part-time chess coach.
The 61- year- old doorkeeper has ____24____ both elementary and middle school teams to state championship titles this year. One of his players, 11-year-old Avery Zhang, ____25____ the state champion for grades K-5 this year.
____26____ Mr. Bishop enjoyed chess and was good at it, he didn’t join his high school chess club, ____27____ he would be labelled as a nerd (呆子). These days, thanks to the growing ____28____ of chess after The Queen’s Gambit, those stereotypes (刻板印象) no longer apply.
But unlike the TV series’ doorkeeper, Bishop is ____29____ not just one girl but dozens of kids of all skill levels and backgrounds. His one worry is that there aren’t as many girls ______30______ chess. There’s only one female on his middle school champion team right now. He’s hoping to ______31______ that situation by getting kids into the ______32______ at earlier ages.
Bishop also emphasizes to his young players that chess is about ______33______ winning. “I tell my kids that chess ______34______ your life,” he told the Daily News, “Whether in life or in chess, if you work hard, if you’re not discouraged by failure, you will be ______35______.”
21. A. all-out B. real-life C. high-quality D. long-lasting
22. A. plans B. needs C. views D. spends
23. A. chance B. victory C. role D. skill
24. A. invited B. coached C. assigned D. exposed
25. A. became B. contacted C. witnessed D. found
26. A. Because B. Unless C. While D. Since
27 A. hoping B. proving C. regretting D. worrying
28. A. freedom B. appeal C. standard D. demand
29. A. appointing B. informing C. helping D. advocating
30. A. taking up B. hearing about C. majoring in D. dealing with
31. A. maintain B. support C. analyze D. change
32. A. game B. contest C. school D. career
33. A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. less than
34. A. controls B. tolerates C. protects D. mirrors
35. A. optimistic B. successful C. ambitious D. professional
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了缅因州的一所学校的全职看门人大卫•毕晓普，在下班后，他兼职国际象棋教练，他指导的小学和中学的队获得了州冠军。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，缅因州的一所学校正在上演现实版的《女王的棋局》。A. all-out全力以赴的；B. real-life现实的；C. high-quality高质量的；D. long-lasting持久的。根据上文“The Queen’s Gambit is a TV series about a chess genius inspired by a doorkeeper.”及下文“version of The Queen’s Gambit is playing out at a school in Maine”可知，此处指现实版的《女王的棋局》。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大卫·毕晓普在学校日是全职看门人，但下班后，他拿起自己的棋盘，开始了他的第二个角色：兼职国际象棋教练。A. plans计划；B. needs需要；C. views观看；D. spends花费，度过。根据下文“as a full-time doorkeeper, but after work”可知，大卫·毕晓普作为全职看门人，他要把学校日时间花在自己的岗位上。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大卫·毕晓普在学校日是全职看门人，但下班后，他拿起自己的棋盘，开始了他的第二个角色：兼职国际象棋教练。A. chance机会；B. victory胜利；C. role角色；D. skill技能。根据下文“part-time chess coach”可知，此处指他的第二个角色。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位61岁的看门人今年已经指导了小学和中学的队获得州冠军。A. invited邀请；B. coached指导；C. assigned分配；D. exposed暴露。根据上文“he grabs his chess boards and begins his second ____3____ : part-time chess coach.”可知，此处指他指导的小学和中学的队获得了州冠军。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的队员之一、11岁的Avery Zhang今年成为了州K-5年级的冠军。A. became成为；B. contacted联系；C. witnessed见证；D. found发现。根据下文“the state champion for grades K-5 this year.”可知，此处指成为了州K-5年级的冠军。故选A。
26题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：虽然毕晓普喜欢下棋，也擅长下棋，但他没有加入高中时的象棋俱乐部，担心自己会被贴上书呆子的标签。A. Because因为；B. Unless除非；C. While虽然；D. Since自从。前后句意存在转折关系，应用while引导让步状语从句。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然毕晓普喜欢下棋，也擅长下棋，但他没有加入高中时的象棋俱乐部，担心自己会被贴上书呆子的标签。A. hoping希望；B. proving证明；C. regretting后悔；D. worrying担忧。根据上文“he didn’t join his high school chess club”及下文“he would be labelled as a nerd (呆子).”可知，他没有加入高中时的象棋俱乐部，是因为担心自己会被贴上书呆子的标签。。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，由于《女王的棋局》之后国际象棋的吸引力越来越大，这些刻板印象不再适用。A. freedom自由；B. appeal吸引力；C. standard标准；D. demand需求。根据下文“those stereotypes (刻板印象) no longer apply.”可知，由于《女王的棋局》之后国际象棋的吸引力越来越大，这些刻板印象不再适用。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但与电视剧中的看门人不同，毕晓普帮助的不仅仅是一个女孩，而是几十个技能水平和背景各异的孩子。A. appointing任命；B. informing通知；C. helping帮助；D. advocating倡导。根据上文“but after work, he grabs his chess boards and begins his second ____3____ : part-time chess coach.”可知，下班后，毕晓普做兼职国际象棋教练，帮助孩子们下国际象棋。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他担心的一个问题是，没有那么多女孩学习国际象棋。A. taking up开始从事（指开始学习或从事某种活动、爱好或职业）；B. hearing about听说；C. majoring in主修；D. dealing with处理。根据下文“There’s only one female on his middle school champion team right now.”可知，他担心没有那么多女孩学习国际象棋。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他希望通过让孩子们在更小的时候就开始玩游戏来改变这种情况。A. maintain维护；B. support支持；C. analyze分析；D. change变化。根据上文“His one worry is that there aren’t as many girls ____10____ chess. There’s only one female on his middle school champion team right now.”可知，他希望能改变这种情况。故选D。
32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他希望通过让孩子们在更小的时候就开始玩游戏来改变这种情况。A. game游戏；B. contest竞赛；C. school学校；D. career职业。根据下文“Bishop also emphasizes to his young players that chess is about ____13____ winning.”可知，他希望孩子们把国际象棋当作游戏来玩，而不是竞赛。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕晓普还向他的年轻棋手们强调，国际象棋不只是为了获胜。A. rather than而不是；B. other than除外；C. more than不只是；D. less than少于。根据下文““I tell my kids that chess ____14____ your life,” he told the Daily News, “Whether in life or in chess, if you work hard, if you’re not discouraged by failure, you will be ____15____.””可知，此处指国际象棋不只是为了获胜，它还能给人启发。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我告诉我的孩子，国际象棋反映了你的生活，”他告诉《每日新闻》，“无论是在生活中还是在国际象棋中，如果你努力工作，如果你不因失败而气馁，你就会成功。”A. controls控制；B. tolerates忍受；C. protects保护；D. mirrors反映。根据下文“Whether in life or in chess, if you work hard, if you’re not discouraged by failure, you will be ____15____.”可知，国际象棋反映了一个人的生活。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我告诉我的孩子，国际象棋反映了你的生活，”他告诉《每日新闻》，“无论是在生活中还是在国际象棋中，如果你努力工作，如果你不因失败而气馁，你就会成功。”A. optimistic乐观的；B. successful成功的；C. ambitious雄心勃勃的；D. professional专业的。此处与failure呼应，successful符合语境。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Park Hyalt Ningbo drew us to visit this city in China that we may otherwise have not yet discovered. We planned to book a First Class ticket to Ningbo but when ____36____ tickets for that cabin were sold out, we chose Business Class. We had no knowledge about ____37____ the train cabins and seats would look like, so we were more than ____38____ (pleasant) surprised to see that as we boarded the train. Inside, the spacious leather seats ____39____ (surround) by a hard shell which gives a small feeling of ____40____ (private).
We enjoyed traveling the CRH in Business so much ____41____ we decided to book the same class ticket ____42____ our trip back to Shanghai on our return. This time however when we boarded the train there was a small automatic door to our left and the cabin had only 9 Business Class seats. This ____43____ (small) cabin felt much more private. The ride was smooth and peaceful. There was also a train attendant ____44____ came around with water, juice and a light snack. It was great to have so much space for our luggage as well.
This is one of those cases where it really made sense for us to spend a little bit more for a far better experience.
If we find ourselves _____45_____ (board) a CRH train again in the future, I would choose the Business Class ticket again.
【答案】36. the
37. what 38. pleasantly
39. are surrounded
40. privacy
41. that 42. for
43 smaller
44. who 45. boarding
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在中国旅行，乘坐高铁商务舱的经历和感受。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我们原计划订一张去宁波的头等舱票，但那个舱位的票卖完了，我们就选了商务舱。此处特指上文提到的头等舱票（First Class ticket），应用定冠词the。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们不知道火车的车厢和座位是什么样子，所以当我们登上火车时，看到这一切，我们感到非常惊喜。此处是介词about后的宾语从句，连接词在从句中作like的宾语，指代“什么样子”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：我们不知道火车的车厢和座位是什么样子，所以当我们登上火车时，看到这一切，我们感到非常惊喜。此处修饰形容词surprised，应用副词pleasantly，作状语。故填pleasantly。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在内部，宽敞的真皮座椅被硬壳包围，给人一种小小的隐私感。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语the spacious leather seats与谓语动词surround是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是复数，be动词使用are。故填are surrounded。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：在内部，宽敞的真皮座椅被硬壳包围，给人一种小小的隐私感。此处作介词of的宾语，应用名词privacy“隐私”，抽象名词，不可数。故填privacy。
【41题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：我们非常喜欢出差乘坐中国高铁，所以我们决定在回程时为回上海的旅行订一张同舱位车票。此处是固定句型so...that...“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们非常喜欢出差乘坐中国高铁，所以我们决定在回程时为回上海的旅行订一张同舱位车票。此处表示“为……”，应用介词for。故填for。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：这个较小的客舱感觉更私密。根据上文“This time however when we boarded the train there was a small automatic door to our left and the cabin had only 9 Business Class seats.”可知，这个客舱比第一次订的客舱要小一些，应用形容词比较级smaller作定语，修饰名词cabin。故填smaller。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：还有一名火车乘务员带着水、果汁和零食过来。此处引导限定性定语从句，在there be句型中，先行词指人时，只能用who，指物时用that。先行词a train attendant，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，可以使用关系代词who引导。故填who。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果将来我们再次乘坐高铁，我还是会选择商务舱的票。非谓语动词board与ourselves是逻辑主谓关系，board应用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填boarding。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris正在学习汉语，请你给他写一封电子邮件推荐英语短视频系列Chinese Idiom Stories(中华成语故事)，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；2. 推荐理由；3. 期待观后交流。
参考词汇：短视频short video
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
I am glad to learn that you are learning Chinese. I would like to recommend you a short video series of Chinese Idiom Stories.
Chinese Idiom Stories details the stories behind each one and offers a humorous and fascinating insight into the cultural history of China. From paper tigers to praying mantis, to the music of nature and heavenly robes, these tales have not only shed light on the traditional Chinese way of thinking, but also illustrated many of its ancient customs.
I hope you can get a lot out of it. I also look forward to sharing with you the feelings after watching.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris正在学习汉语，请你给他写一封电子邮件推荐英语短视频系列Chinese Idiom Stories(中华成语故事)，内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 推荐理由；3. 期待观后交流。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→pleased
详细说明：detail→elaborate on
从……中获益良多：get a lot out of→benefit a lot from
推荐：recommend = nominate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I would like to recommend you a short video series of Chinese Idiom Stories.
拓展句：I would like to recommend you a short video series of Chinese Idiom Stories, which will benefit you a lot.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am glad to learn that you are learning Chinese.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I also look forward to sharing with you the feelings after watching.(运用了动名词作宾语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I started reading to myself, as well as out loud to Mother and other family members, between the ages of three and four. By the time I turned five, I was reading “chapter books,” like the Bobbsey Twins. I read whenever books came my way, usually by my mother taking me to the town’s small but book-packed library on Saturdays. Along my journey as a reader, there were other helping hands that develop my love for books-Mrs. Eleanor Harrison, my first-grade teacher.
When I started first grade, making friends became a challenge for me. My rich vocabulary made me easy to be labeled as a bookworm (书呆子), causing other children to shy away from playing with me. My mother explained that there would be “stuff” I already knew while others didn’t. Reading was one such skill — I could read while none of my classmates were able to. Therefore, when we moved to a new city, and I found myself in a new school, I decided to pretend that I didn’t know many words either, just to fit in.
On the first day of school, my mother walked me there and introduced herself to Mrs. Harrison, my new teacher. After that, I walked to school and back home by myself. However, around a month later, something significant happened. One afternoon, when I came home from school, my mother told me that my teacher, Mrs. Harrison, had called and wanted to have a meeting with her. I immediately asked if I was in trouble since I had only heard of teachers calling parents when there was all issue.
“She didn’t say so,” responded Mother, as thoughts raced through my mind, “She said she wanted to talk to me about you.” Mother pulled me to her — one of her healing hugs. I trusted my mother. I knew she loved me. I blurted out, “So, you think this will have a ‘happily ever after’ ending?” Mother kissed me on the top of my head, just as she often did, and smiled saying, “Yes. I’m sure it will be alright.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
The day of the meeting came.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“I like that idea!” Firmly, I nodded a yes.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
The day of the meeting came. Mrs. Harrison told my mother that she noticed I was a very special child. In the course of class, my reading speed was very fast and understanding ability was relatively strong, which suggested my knowledge was very wide. She could see that there were many books I should be reading. But she found out I was hiding some of my abilities. Recently, the school wanted to hold a school reading festival, and wanted to find a student representative to speak on stage, to tell about their reading experience and introduce the benefits of reading. My mother also introduced my actual situation to Mrs. Harrison, and gladly accepted the task. When she got home, she told me the news immediately.
“I like that idea!” Firmly, I nodded a yes. My mother and I began to actively prepare my speech, the title of which was the reading story of a little bookworm. In my speech, I introduced that I had been fond of reading since childhood, and reading enriched my vocabulary, my thoughts, and made me have a broader knowledge and vision. I hoped that I could continue to maintain my enthusiasm for reading, and that more and more students could actively participate in reading activities. I also hoped to find more friends who loved reading, communicate with each other and make progress together.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者从小酷爱阅读，丰富的词汇量使他很容易被贴上“书呆子”的标签，导致其他孩子都不敢和他一起玩，因此，当他们搬到一个新的城市，在新学校里，他决定假装自己不知道很多单词，只是为了适应。直到有一天，作者的老师打电话要约谈他的妈妈，作者开始担心自己是不是惹了麻烦，但是妈妈只是告诉他，老师只是想多了解他的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“会面的日子来了。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈和老师见面后，老师向妈妈介绍作者在学校的表现及老师想安排给作者一个活动任务。
②由第二段首句内容““我喜欢这个主意！”我坚定地点了点头。”可知，第二段可描写作者很高兴地接受了老师安排的任务，并圆满完成任务的过程。
2.续写线索：老师介绍我在学校的表现——老师想安排我做一个学校任务——高兴地接受任务——积极准备——演讲稿的内容——自己的愿望
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①举办：hold/organize/host
②保持：maintain/ keep
③加入：participate in/take part in
情绪类
①喜欢：be fond of/be keen on
②积极地：actively/ zealously
【点睛】[高分句型1] Mrs. Harrison told my mother that she noticed I was a very special child. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] In the course of class, my reading speed was very fast and understanding ability was relatively strong, which suggested my knowledge was very wide. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)
相关试卷
浙江省宁波市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份浙江省宁波市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
浙江省宁波市镇海中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附答案）： 这是一份浙江省宁波市镇海中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附答案），共8页。
浙江省宁波市效实中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份浙江省宁波市效实中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中试题（Word版附解析），共29页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分2等内容，欢迎下载使用。
