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高考英语阅读理解专项训练
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这是一份高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共21页。
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We’ve all been there: it’s a hot summer day, you’re carrying bags of groceries, sweat is dripping down your back, and you absolutely cannot wait to be inside. Then once you get home, you have to turn on the A/C, delaying that precious moment of cool relief. That’s why so many people choose to leave their A/C on even while they’re out. However, many are concerned that this is actually not cost efficient and also wastes a lot of energy. So who’s right?
According to a group of building system engineers who spoke to IFLScience, the answer comes down to just how much energy it costs to cool down your house. The short answer? It’s usually better to turn off the A/C and turn it on when you get home, as this is more energy efficient than keeping the A/C． on all day.
The reason behind this comes down to how heat accrues. First, it flows into the house when the building has less stored heat than outside, and if the amount of heat that flows into your house has a rate of 1 unit per hour, then the A/C will have 1 unit of heat to remove each hour. However, if you turn it off and let the heat increase, you could have 8 hours of heat stored up at the end of the day.
Sometimes it’s less than that since houses have a limit to how much heat can be stored in them, and it all depends on the temperature at which the building starts. I your house can store 5 units of energy before reaching balance with the outside temperature, then you’ll only have to remove 5 units of heat. As your house heats up, the process of heat transfer stars to slow down and eventually reaches zero when balance is reached. A/C works less efficiently with extreme heat, so if you keep it off during the hottest part of the day, you’ll save more energy overall and even increase overall efficiency of your system.
1．What’s the benefit to keep the air conditioner on all day?
A．You protect the A/C． B．You always have a cool house.
C．You save a great deal of energy. D．You avoid the trouble to turn it on.
2．What should we do according to the engineers’ opinion?
A．Use energy efficient the A/C． B．Keep the indoor temperature steady.
C．Shut the A/C when you go out. D．Know the energy to cool down your house.
3．What does the underlined word “accrues” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Acts. B．Reduces. C．Escapes. D．Gathers.
4．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Energy-saving principles. B．The process of A/C working.
C．Heat exchange in a house. D．Ways to keep your home cool.
New research suggests that nearly half of American teenagers say they use the internet almost all the time. The results were based on a Pew public opinion study carried out from April 14 to May 4. The study contained 1,316 teens aged 13 to 17 years old. The research found that about 95percent of American teens have smartphones.
The study also asked teens about their social media behavior. It found that the number of teens using Facebook has dropped to 32 percent, down from 71 percent in 2015. The research shows that teens have moved away from Facebook to spend time on the video sharing services YouTube and TikTok. About 95 percent of teens said they use Google-owned YouTube, while 67 percent said they use TikTok.
About 62 percent of the teens said they use Instagram, which is owned by Facebook’s parent company Meta. About 59 percent said they use Snapchat. Less than one fourth of teens said they use Twitter.
The research found that teen boys are more likely than teen girls to use YouTube, or the services Twitch and Reddit. Teen girls were more interested in using TikTok, Instagram and Snapchat. In addition, higher shares of Black teens reported using TikTok, Twitter and WhatsApp compared to white teens.
About 54 percent of teens questioned said it would be “somewhat hard” to give up social media, while 46 percent said it would be “somewhat easy.” About 25 percent of teen boys said giving up social media would be “very easy.” But just 15 percent of teen girls said the same.
Experts in online technology behavior have accused large technology companies of contraposing teens with methods to get them to spend more time on their social media services.
Child rights groups have warned that heavy use of social media services can harm the mind health of young users. They have called on large technology companies to take steps to reduce such harm.
5．Which of the following is no longer popular?
A．TikTok. B．Facebook. C．YouTube. D．Instagram.
6．How popular is Twitter among teens?
A．Half of them use it. B．None of them use it.
C．The fewest of them use it. D．The majority of them use it.
7．What are the numbers in paragraph 5 about?
A．Teens’ favourite for social media. B．Kinds of social media teens use.
C．Benefits of different social media. D．Importance of social media for teens.
8．What does the underlined word “contraposing” in paragraph 6 probably mean?
A．Directing at. B．Applying for.
C．Taking control of. D．Getting along with.
As a popular subject of study among evolutionary ecologists, the three-spined stickleback (三刺鱼) is known for their different shapes, sizes, and behaviors—they can even live in both sea water and fresh water, and under a wide range of temperatures. But what makes that?
The researchers tracked six populations of the fish before and after seasonal changes to their environment, using genome sequencing (基因组测序) . Seasonal changes result in great changes in habitat structure and balance of salt and freshwater, and only those fish able to tolerate these rapid changes survive into the next season.
“These changes probably resemble the habitat shifts experienced by stickleback populations during the past 10,000 years, says Professor Barrett “We hope to gain insight into the genetic changes that may have resulted from natural selection long in the past.”
Remarkably, the researchers discovered the evidence of genetic changes driven by the seasonal shifts in habitats, which mirrored the differences found between long-established freshwater and saltwater populations. “These genetic changes occurred in independent populations over a single season, highlighting just how quickly the effects of natural selection can be detected,” says Professor Barrett, “the findings suggest that we may be able to use the genetic differences to predict how populations may adapt to the environment.”
The research emphasizes the importance of studying species in dynamic environments to gain a better understanding of how natural selection operates. In the further research, they plan to investigate how repeatable the observed genetic changes are, by testing whether they show up year after year. Doing so would demonstrate their ability to reliably forecast the evolutionary future of these populations.
9．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．The difficulties of the research. B．The purpose of the research.
C．The background of the research. D．The methods of the research.
10．What is the main reason for the three-spined stickleback’s survival?
A．Habitat shifts. B．Genetic changes.
C．Seasonal changes. D．Independent populations.
11．Why will scientists study the repetition of the genetic changes?
A．To know what natural selection is.
B．To study species in dynamic environments.
C．To test the reliability of the present discoveries.
D．To forecast the evolutionary future of certain species.
12．Where is the text from?
A．A science magazine. B．A science fiction.
C．An advertisement. D．A novel.
Tiger conservation safari: India
April 2024—6 days
Register now at tours@newscientist.com and we will contact you soon with full tour details
Visit the protected areas of Pench and Tadoba in search of the Bengal tiger, putting yourself in forest life.
Day 1: Arrive Delhi
You will be met on arrival and sent to the 5-star Roseate Hotel. You can spend the day in its rooftop pool overlooking Delhi or explore the city, which may be one of the world’s largest cities, but building wonders — new and old — fill the city. Mughal treasures, including the Red Fort and Jama Masjid, are added by more recent additions to Delhi’s traditional buildings, such as the splendid Lotus and Akshardham Temples.
Day 2: Journey to Tadoba
Take the early morning flight to Nagpur. On arrival into Nagpur, you will be met by our local guide, who will take you to Tadoba National Park. Part of the park contains Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve, one of India’s most exciting and best-protected tiger reserves.
For the next 4 nights you will be staying at Bamboo Forest Safari Lodge. Later this evening there will be a welcome dinner.
Days 3-5: Safari Drives
The next three days will follow a similar pattern, as you head into Tadoba National Park searching for India’s tiger as well as the park’s many other wildlife species and birdlife.
The day starts early, usually before sunrise, as this is when the wildlife is at its most active. Mornings begin with tea in bed. Breakfast will normally be taken in the park.
Day 6: Depart Pench
Go to Nagpur airport for your flight back to Delhi and your journey home. We can arrange extra days sightseeing with a private guide covering the Golden Triangle of Delhi, Jaipur and Agra, including the Amber Fort and The Taj Mahal. Please ask for more details.
13．What does the author say about Delhi?
A．It is the largest city in the world.
B．Its buildings are ancient and modern.
C．It is a wonderful place for you to relax.
D．It is here that a welcome dinner is held.
14．What will you do early on the second day?
A．Take a plane. B．Meet your guide.
C．Go to the park. D．Drink tea in bed.
15．When will you go to search for the tiger?
A．Day 1. B．Day 2. C．Days 3-5. D．Day 6.
Recently, 14-year-old Harini Logan won the Scripps National Spelling Bee in the United States. She correctly spelled 22 words during 90 seconds. Most Americans, however, would find it difficult to spell any of these words!
From an early age, native English speakers know there are clear differences between how words are pronounced and how they are spelled. But they do not know that the difference is unique to English among major languages. Languages like Italian or Finnish can be spelled more easily because each letter matches to one sound. Students studying these languages can have 90 percent reading accuracy(正确率) after the first year.
In English, many letters have two or more sounds. This is why even after years of learning, students of English are still far below Italian or Finnish students in reading accuracy.
English started as a Germanic language. It is most closely connected to German and Dutch, especially in grammar and basic vocabulary. During the Norman attack in the 12th century, Old English was spoken but French was used in government and legal documents. As a result, more French and Latin words entered the English language.
The printing machine was invented in the late 1400s. This helped to establish English spelling and strengthen the connection between how English is spoken and how it is written. The English of today is how the language was written at the time.
However, the spoken language started to change in the 1500s with the pronunciation of all long vowels(元音), especially in southern England. For example, the word “bite” was pronounced closer to “beet” in 1400, before changing through the years to its present sound. The effect was that the English language had old spellings, but new sounds.
English has 26 letters, but over 44 different sounds depending on the difference of spoken English. There are several sounds from only one letter. For example, the letter “C” can sound like an “S” as in “city.” And it also sounds like a “K” as in “cat.”
16．What is the advantage of Italian compared with English?
A．It has simpler sentences. B．It expresses more exactly.
C．It is easier to pronounce. D．It’s made up of fewer letters.
17．How did the printing machine affect the English language?
A．It established today’s English. B．It made written English simple.
C．It changed the spoken language. D．It separated spellings from sounds.
18．What did the spoken language change in the 1500s result in?
A．Spellings matched sounds. B．English was easier to learn.
C．Old spellings were changed. D．New sounds were formed.
19．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．What Is the Best Way to Master English
B．Why Spelling in English Is so Difficult
C．How English Developed into Modern One
D．When Letters Started to Have Over One Sound
On a Saturday afternoon, you find most kids outside playing games. Kids were made for the outdoors, with their endless energy and the easy way in which they make friends. It’s not different for Kameron, an ordinary, fun-loving 7-year-old girl who loves to draw out the world’s longest hopscotch(跳格子) on the sidewalk.
In between jump-rope games, basketball shootouts and skateboard races, Kameron takes time to do something special for her neighbors. Kameron’s community is home to a good mix of young families and elderly neighbors whose children have long since left home. Kameron first started waving to them. Most of them smiled back.
Then Kameron decides that some of them need a little pleasure. So she runs home, takes her violin and makes the rounds. “Can I play you a song?” she asks, after knocking on the door.
Gustav smiles wide. He has beautiful white hair and a soft accent. He grew up in Scandinavia and is a wood finisher. His wife Vivian has a smile that fills their tiny home. She stands awkwardly, and has difficulty moving about. It looks terribly uncomfortable. Vivian has had muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩) for over 20 years. Gustav is her full-time caregiver. They’ve replaced their daily walks with afternoon drives, but even those are getting too difficult for Vivian.
Gus lets Kameron in, and Vivian takes hold of both their arms and pulls to her chair. On the table beside her is a photo of her with Gus when they were young and energetic, traveling around Europe, Egypt and Iceland. In the photo, Vivian is very beautiful, and Gus is handsome.
“Want me to play your favorite song?” Kameron asks. “Of course,” Gus answers. It is the only song Kameron knows.
The small violin rests seriously under Kameron’s chin(下巴). She plays as best she can. Vivian beats her knee obviously to keep rhythm(节奏) for Kameron. Gus holds Vivian’s other hand. It’s not the performance that is moving, but the memories it brings.
20．What is Kameron special compared with other kids?
A．She likes playing outside. B．She cares about the elderly.
C．She has plenty of energy. D．She can draw on the sidewalk.
21．Why did Kameron knock on a couple’s door?
A．To sing a song to them. B．To learn the violin from them.
C．To cheer them up with music. D．To invite them to go to a concert.
22．What did the couple use to do every day?
A．Go for a walk. B．Make a drive.
C．Stay at home. D．Do woodworking.
23．What is the most moving for the couple?
A．The love between them. B．Vivian’s reaction to the music.
C．Kameron’s performance. D．Thinking back to past experiences.
Make the Most of Holidays
Holidays are a wonderful time to spend with friends and family, eating and sharing stories. 24 These situations can give you great chances to learn English. Here are some ideas that you can use to improve your English over the holidays.
Blogs
The Learning English Broadcast is a 30-minute daily blog that features the audio (音频) from our main stories each day. Listening to the blog will help develop your ability to understand spoken English. 25 Once you have finished a program, tell someone what you have learned.
Published materials
26 Buy an English- language publication to read it while you are waiting or spending quiet time at a hotel or in a home. Look at the images and read the lines below them. Even if you do not understand all the words, you can use the images to help you understand some of them. Later, you can use an online dictionary to look up the words you want to learn.
Conversation
While traveling, it is not unusual to see people from other countries. 27 If you hear someone asking for information in English, you might offer to help or simply greet them in English to talk. A friendly chat is usually welcome as travelers share their experiences.
Writing about your day
Writing about your day is a great way to practice your English writing skill. Using English to describe how you spent your holiday will help you to put new words to use and make them stay in your memory longer. And you will have a wonderful record of your travel. 28 It is a good reminder of your past holidays.
A．We hope you enjoy your travels this year.
B．You can read it long after the holiday is over.
C．They are also waiting or exploring a new place.
D．We have spent too much time at home the past two years.
E．And it can also keep you informed of news and information.
F．Airports and train stations often have stores selling published materials.
G．You may celebrate at home, wait at airports or spend time on trains, buses or cars.
After moving to a new town, Anthony decided rescuing a dog would be the perfect way to make himself fit to his place. He found a dog named Reggie, but, sadly, the two of them didn’t hit it off. Anthony was about to bring Reggie back to the shelter, hoping he’d find happiness with another family. Then, he remembered a letter that stopped him in his tracks.
At first, Anthony hesitated to open the letter. But, in the end, curiosity got the best of him. Before he broke the seal of the envelope, Anthony noticed some change in Reggie’s behavior. The dog seemed to cheer up at the sight of the letter. Almost as though he was waiting for Anthony to find it and open it.
The letter told Anthony what Reggie was trained to do and how he loved playing fetch with tennis balls. As Anthony kept reading, he was shocked to learn that Reggie’s name wasn’t actually Reggie. It was no wonder the poor dog wasn’t responding to him!
Anthony learned that Reggie’s real name was actually Tank. A strange name, at least in Anthony’s mind. But he’d soon realize the term “tank” held a lot of meaning for the previous owner who operated tanks. In his letter, he said that in case he died, he wanted the dog to have a new owner. Sadly, its owner died later.
The Army followed through with his wishes, calling the local shelter and giving them instructions to find the dog a loving family to go home with. After passing on a few families, the shelter finally met Anthony.
After finishing the letter, Anthony folded it up and put it back in the box. According to him, he looked at “Reggie” and whispered the name Tank. Immediately, the dog shook his head, his tail moving around, and his eyes softening.
29．Why did Anthony decide to give the dog back to the shelter?
A．Anthony disliked the dog. B．The dog didn’t accept him.
C．The dog destroyed the house. D．The dog missed its old owner.
30．What made Anthony surprised when he read the letter?
A．The dog’s skills. B．The dog’s owner.
C．The dog had another name. D．The dog’s reaction to the letter.
31．Why was the dog once named Tank?
A．It served bravely in the army. B．It was strong and large in size.
C．It was named to honour its owner. D．It was connected to its owner’s job.
32．Which word best matches the dog’s reaction to its former name?
A．Cold. B．Calm. C．Sensitive. D．Strange.
On a stretch of land covering 25 hectares in the Sirdaryo region of Uzbekistan, thousands of workers from China, Uzbekistan and other Asian countries are braving high temperatures to build a power plant.
Expected to be completed by the end of next year, the project will provide about 8 percent of Uzbekistan’s electricity, crating up to 10 billion kilowatt hours of electricity per year and meeting power demand for nearly 1 million residents.
Guo Tianyu, a project manager, said, “This project is of milestone significance for the energy sector in Uzbekistan, and is another landmark project under the Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路). ”He added that the economic boom(繁荣)in Uzbekistan, including development of the construction, has caused an increase in energy demand and a power shortage in the country.
Construction of the power plant has created more than 1,000 job opportunities for local residents, Guo said. The new plant is just one of the many cooperation projects carried out between China and the Central Asian countries of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan as part of the BRI.
According to many observers, cooperation in the BRI between China and the five nations has produced early results, helping these countries improve their infrastructure(基础建设), build tradelinks, and improve public well-being.
The BRI has promoted Central Asian countries’ exports, balanced the growth of their industries, and offered opportunities for their industrial upgrading and the development of green and digital economies.
This year marks the 30th anniversary of the formation of diplomatic relations between China and the five nations, with trade between the two sides rising from $460 million in. 1992 to $50 billion last year.
In the first seven months of this year, trade between China and Kazakhstan rose by 19. 3 percent. The figure for Kyrgyzstan was 150. 4 percent, for Tajikistan 85. 5 percent, for Turkmenistan 53. 4 percent, while Uzbekistan saw a 32. 5 percent rise in such trade.
33．What does Guo Tianyu think of power-plant project?
A．He sings high praise for it. B．He feels very proud of it.
C．It is a challenge to his company. D．It has brought progress to the country.
34．What leads to Uzbekistan’s lack of electricity?
A．Natural disasters. B．Economic crisis.
C．Population increase. D．Deyelopment of economy.
35．Which has the biggest trade rise with China in this year’s first 7 months?
A．Tajikistan. B．Uzbekistan.
C．Kyrgyzstan. D．Turkmenistan.
36．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Belt and Road Is Widely Popular B．Belt and Road Produces Series of Benefits
C．China Helps Its Neighbors Create Jobs D．China Builds Power Station for Its Neighbor
As a student, I heard the line “graduate school is stressful” so many times that it began to bear no meaning.
Sure, there were campus resources that encouraged healthy behaviors, including deep thought, and the benefits of self-care, but self-care sounded expensive and time-consuming to me; I had work to do. And I was not a fan of deep thought: The thought of sitting still for 30 minutes only caused me greater stress. But one thing I couldn’t stay away from was walking my dog.
Tessa is a six-year-old lovely coonhound (猎浣熊犬) that I got as a gift to myself, for completing my undergraduate degree at the University of Rhode Island in Kingston. I first saw Tessa as a thin and little dog in a photo on the Internet. She was found, huddled (蜷缩) up with her friends, in a deserted house in Alabama.
Because of Tessa, I took frequent walking breaks while studying for a master’s degree in public health at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. I discovered the best corners and crannies (缝隙) on campus, including the sloping grassland behind the school, filled with squirrels and sticks-a safe place for dogs. I found a tree accidentally with a swing, overlooking the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History, which offered the best sunset view in town. On our daily walks, I found calm in the woods and quiet in the early morning enveloping the city streets.
Now, as I work from home, Tessa continues to help me deal with a lonely existence. Just like in graduate school, she demands that I stop working, however briefly, and accompany her on a walk. These forced breaks throughout the day take me away from my computer and help me to stay active, greet my neighbors and comeback to work refreshed. And although I certainly haven’t escaped stress, and I am still trying to find my footing in research, I will continue to make time for walks every day. I recommend it very much.
37．How did author feel after a deep thought?
A．Disordered. B．Time-consuming.
C．Anxious. D．Encouraged
38．What does the author think of Tessa when seeing it at the first time?
A．Poor. B．Gifted.
C．Lovely. D．Courageous.
39．What does the author intend to express in paragraph 4?
A．Tessa likes walking very much.
B．The Yale University is very beautiful.
C．The author likes both the city and the University.
D．Tessa is helpful in spending graduate school happily.
40．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The author often feels lonely at home.
B．The author works hard but exercises less.
C．Walking with Tessa benefits the author much.
D．Both the author and the neighbors like Tessa.
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章谈论的话题是当你不在家的时候关掉空调真的能节省能源吗？结论是：通常最好是关掉空调，回家后再打开，因为这比整天开着空调更节能。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Then once you get home, you have to turn on the A/C, delaying that precious moment of cool relief. That’s why so many people choose to leave their A/C on even while they’re out. (然后，一旦你回到家，你必须打开空调，推迟那宝贵的凉爽缓解时刻。这就是为什么这么多人选择在外出时打开空调的原因。)”可知，一旦回到家，你就不得不打开空调，耽误了那宝贵的放松时光。这就是为什么很多人即使外出也会开着空调的原因。即你一回到家就凉爽。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It’s usually better to turn off the A/C and turn it on when you get home, as this is more energy efficient than keeping the A/C. on all day.(通常最好在回家时关闭空调并打开它，因为这比整天开着空调更节能。)”可知，通常最好是关掉空调，回家后再打开，因为这比整天开着空调更节能。即外出时把空调关上。故选C项。
3．词义猜测题。根据“The reason behind this comes down to how heat accrues. First, it flows into the house when the building has less stored heat than outside, and if the amount of heat that flows into your house has a rate of 1 unit per hour, then the A/C will have 1 unit of heat to remove each hour. (这背后的原因归结为热量的……方式。首先，当建筑物储存的热量少于外部时，它会流入房屋，如果流入房屋的热量为每小时1个单位，那么空调每小时将有 1 个单位的热量要去除。)”可知，这背后的原因可以归结为热量是如何积累的。首先，当建筑储存的热量比室外少时，热量就会流入室内。此处accrues的意思是“积累”，与gathers是同义词。故选D项。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Sometimes it’s less than that since houses have a limit to how much heat can be stored in them, and it all depends on the temperature at which the building starts. I your house can store 5 units of energy before reaching balance with the outside temperature, then you’ll only have to remove 5 units of heat. As your house heats up, the process of heat transfer stars to slow down and eventually reaches zero when balance is reached. A/C works less efficiently with extreme heat, so if you keep it off during the hottest part of the day, you’ll save more energy overall and even increase overall efficiency of your system.(有时它比这要少，因为房屋可以储存多少热量是有限制的，这完全取决于建筑物启动的温度。我的房子在与外部温度达到平衡之前可以储存5个单位的能量，那么你只需要去除5个单位的热量。当你的房子变热时，传热的过程会变慢，最终在达到平衡时达到零。空调在极端高温下工作效率较低，因此如果您在一天中最热的时候将其关闭，您将节省更多能源，甚至提高系统的整体效率。)”可知，当你的房子变热时，热量传递的过程开始减缓，当达到平衡时，最终达到零。空调在极端高温下的工作效率较低，所以如果你在一天中最热的时候关掉空调，你会节省更多的能源，甚至提高整体效率。即节能原理。故选A项。
5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，新的研究表明，近一半的美国青少年表示他们几乎一直在使用互联网。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句的内容“It found that the number of teens using Facebook has dropped to 32 percent, down from 71 percent in 2015. The research shows that teens have moved away from Facebook to spend time on the video sharing services YouTube and TikTok.(它发现，使用Facebook的青少年人数已从2015年的71%降至32%。研究表明，青少年已经不再使用Facebook，而是把时间花在视频分享服务YouTube和TikTok上)”可知，研究发现，使用Facebook的青少年人数从2015年的71%下降到32%。青少年已经离开了Facebook，把时间花在视频分享服务YouTube和TikTok上。即Facebook不再受欢迎。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段的内容“About 62 percent of the teens said they use Instagram, which is owned by Facebook’s parent company Meta. About 59 percent said they use Snapchat. Less than one fourth of teens said they use Twitter.(约62%的青少年表示他们使用Instagram，该网站隶属于Facebook的母公司Meta。约59%的人表示他们使用Snapchat。不到四分之一的青少年说他们使用Twitter)”可知，使用Twitter的人数最少。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据第五段的内容“About 54 percent of teens questioned said it would be “somewhat hard” to give up social media, while 46 percent said it would be “somewhat easy.” About 25 percent of teen boys said giving up social media would be “very easy.” But just 15 percent of teen girls said the same.(约54%的受访青少年表示，放弃社交媒体“有些困难”，而46%的人表示“有些容易”。大约25%的青少年男孩表示，放弃社交媒体“非常容易”。但是只有15%的少女有同样的想法)”可知，本段中的数据是关于社交媒体对青少年的重要性。故选D。
8．词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的“to get them to spend more time on their social media services(让他们花更多的时间在社交媒体服务上)”可知，研究网络科技行为的专家指责大型科技公司用各种方法针对青少年，让他们在社交媒体服务上花更多时间来。此处contraposing的意思是“针对”，与directing at是同义词。故选A。
9．D 10．B 11．D 12．A
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。作为进化生态学家的热门研究对象，三刺鱼可以生活在海水和淡水中，也可以在很宽的温度范围中生活，研究人员利用基因组测序技术，追踪了六个种群的环境在季节变化前后的变化，发现只有那些能够忍受这些快速变化的鱼类才能存活到下一个季节，所以，我们可能能够利用基因差异来预测种群如何适应环境。
9．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The researchers tracked six populations of the fish before and after seasonal changes to their environment, using genome sequencing (基因组测序) . Seasonal changes result in great changes in habitat structure and balance of salt and fresh water, and only those fish able to tolerate these rapid changes survive into the next season. (研究人员利用基因组测序技术，追踪了六个种群的环境在季节变化前后的变化。季节变化会导致栖息地结构和盐、淡水平衡的巨大变化，只有那些能够忍受这些快速变化的鱼类才能存活到下一个季节。)”可知，文章第二段主要讲述了这个研究的研究方法：研究人员利用基因组测序，追踪了六个种群的环境在季节变化前后的变化。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Remarkably, the researchers discovered the evidence of genetic changes driven by the seasonal shifts in habitats, which mirrored the differences found between long-established freshwater and saltwater populations. (值得注意的是，研究人员发现了栖息地季节性变化导致基因变化的证据，这反映了长期存在的淡水种群和咸水种群之间的差异。)”可推知，三刺鱼之所以能够生存下去，其主要原因就在于基因改变，故选B项。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In the further research, they plan to investigate how repeatable the observed genetic changes are, by testing whether they show up year after year. Doing so would demonstrate their ability to reliably forecast the evolutionary future of these populations. (在进一步的研究中，他们计划通过测试这些观察到的基因变化是否年复一年地出现，来调查它们的可重复性。这样做将证明他们有能力可靠地预测这些种群的进化未来。)”可知，科学家研究基因改变的重复是为了预测未来某些物种的进化前景，故选D项。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“As a popular subject of study among evolutionary ecologists, the three-spined stickleback(三刺鱼) is known for their different shapes, sizes, and behaviors—they can even live in both sea water and fresh water, and under a wide range of temperatures. But what makes that? (作为进化生态学家的热门研究对象，三刺鱼以其不同的形状、大小和行为而闻名，它们甚至可以生活在海水和淡水中，也可以在很宽的温度范围内生活。但这是怎么回事呢？)”可知，文章为一篇研究三刺鱼的说明文，应来自于科学杂志，故选A项。
13．B 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了去印度参观Pench和Tadoba保护区，寻找孟加拉虎，置身于森林生活中观看野生老虎的六天旅游。
13．细节理解题。根据文章Day 1: Arrive Delhi部分的“You can spend the day in its rooftop pool overlooking Delhi or explore the city, which may be one of the world’s largest cities, but building wonders — new and old — fill the city.(你可以花一天的时间在屋顶游泳池里俯瞰德里，或者探索这座城市，它可能是世界上最大的城市之一，但这座城市充满了新的和旧的建筑奇迹)”可知，Delhi的建筑物是既古老又现代。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据文章Day 2: Journey to Tadoba部分的“Take the early morning flight to Nagpur.(坐早班飞机去那格浦尔)”可知，第二天一大早你要乘早班飞机去那格浦尔。故选A项。
15．细节理解题。根据文章Days 3-5: Safari Drives部分的“The next three days will follow a similar pattern, as you head into Tadoba National Park searching for India’s tiger as well as the park’s many other wildlife species and birdlife.(接下来的三天将遵循类似的模式，你将进入Tadoba国家公园，寻找印度的老虎以及公园里的许多其他野生动物和鸟类)”可知，你会在第三至五天去寻找老虎。故选C项。
16．C 17．A 18．D 19．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是英语拼写困难的原因。
16．推理判断题。根据第二段“Languages like Italian or Finnish can be spelled more easily because each letter matches to one sound. Students studying these languages can have 90 percent reading accuracy(正确率) after the first year.(像意大利语或芬兰语这样的语言更容易拼写，因为每个字母都对应一个音。学习这些语言的学生在一年后的阅读准确率可以达到90%)”可知，像意大利语或芬兰语这样的语言更容易拼写，因此学习这些语言的学生在一年后可以达到90%的阅读正确率，所以意大利语的优势就在于它的读音更简单。故选C项。
17．细节理解题。根据第五段“The printing machine was invented in the late 1400s. This helped to establish English spelling and strengthen the connection between how English is spoken and how it is written. The English of today is how the language was written at the time.(印刷机是15世纪后期发明的。这有助于建立英语拼写，并加强英语口语和书面语之间的联系，而今天的英语就是当时的书写方式)”可知，15世纪晚期发明的印刷机有助于建立英语拼写，并加强英语口语和书面语之间的联系。今天的英语就是当时这种语言的书写方式，所以说印刷机为今天英语的奠定了基础。故选A项。
18．细节理解题。根据第六段“The effect was that the English language had old spellings, but new sounds.(结果是，英语有旧的拼写，但有新的发音)”可知，16世纪英语口语变化的结果是英语有了旧的拼写但却有了新的发音。故选D项。
19．主旨大意题。文章第一段“Most Americans, however, would find it difficult to spell any of these words!(然而，大多数美国人会发现很难拼写这些单词！)”提出话题——为什么英语拼写如此困难，第二段提到英语的拼写与发音不同，这增加了拼写难度，后面提到多种语言的融合，一个字母多个发音等，都是造成英语拼写困难的原因，纵观全文，文章主要围绕着英语为什么拼写如此困难这个话题展开，所以B项Why Spelling in English Is so Difficult(为什么英语拼写这么难)作为文章标题最为合适。故选B项。
20．B 21．C 22．A 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个七岁的小姑娘通过演奏小提琴为一对生活很孤独、妻子还常年生病的老年夫妇带来了极大欢乐的故事。
20．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In between jump-rope games, basketball shootouts and skateboard races, Kameron takes time to do something special for her neighbors.(在跳绳游戏、篮球枪战和滑板比赛的间隙， Kameron会抽出时间为邻居们做一些特别的事情。)”可知，在跳绳游戏，投篮比赛和滑板比赛的间隙，Kameron会花时间为她的邻居做一些特别的事情，由此可以推断她关爱老人。故选B项。
21．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Then Kameron decides that some of them need a little pleasure. So she runs home, takes her violin and makes the rounds. “Can I play you a song?” she asks, after knocking on the door.( 然后Kameron断定他们中的一些人需要一点乐趣。于是她跑回家，拿着她的小提琴绕了一圈。“我可以给你弹首歌吗?”她敲门后问道。)”可知因为认为邻居中的一些人需要乐趣，所以Kameron拿着小提琴敲门拜访，其目的是希望通过音乐让他们高兴起来。故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据第四段“They’ve replaced their daily walks with afternoon drives, but even those are getting too difficult for Vivian.(他们已经把每天的散步改为下午开车，但对薇薇安来说，即使这样也变得太困难了。)”可知因为散步对于薇薇安来说已经很困难，所以这对夫妇已经把每天的散步换成了下午的自驾，由此可以推测他们过去曾经每天散步。故选A项。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s not the performance that is moving, but the memories it brings.(动人的不是表演，而是它带来的回忆。)”可知对于这对夫妇来说让人感动的不是表演，而是表演可以让他们回想起过去的经历。故选D项。
24．G 25．E 26．F 27．C 28．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，题材为语言学习类。文章介绍了利用假期学英语。假期是与朋友和家人共度的美好时光，也可以在火车、公共汽车或汽车上度过。这些场合可以给你很多学习英语的机会。
24．根据后面的“These situations can give you great chances to learn English.(这些场合可以给你很多学习英语的机会)”可知，空处应是提及一些学习英语的场合，G项“你可以在家庆祝，可以在机场等候，也可以在火车、公共汽车或汽车上度过”符合语境。故选G。
25．前面一句“Listening to the blog will help develop your ability to understand spoken English.(听博客可以帮助你提高理解英语口语的能力)”提到听博客可以提高理解口语的能力，E项“它还可以让你了解新闻和信息”进一步描述听博客的好处，故选E。
26．下文“Buy an English-language publication to read it while you are waiting or spending quiet time at a hotel or in a home.(买一本英文出版物，当你在等待或在酒店或家中安静地度过时光时阅读)”提到购买英语出版物，故F项“机场和火车站经常有出售出版物的商店”符合语境，故选F。
27．前面一句“While traveling, it is not unusual to see people from other countries.(在旅行时，看到来自其他国家的人是很正常的)”提到旅行时看到其他国家的人很正常，故空处应是进一步描述看到的那些外国人，他们也是在旅行，C项“他们也在等待或探索一个新的地方”符合语境，故选C。
28．根据前面的“And you will have a wonderful record of your travel.(你会有一份精彩的旅行记录)”可知，把旅行经历写下来会有一个精彩的记录，结合下文“It is a good reminder of your past holidays.(它能很好地提醒你过去的假期)”可知，此处是说把旅行经历记录下来后，以后的时间可以随时阅读，让自己想起以前的假期，故B项“你可以在假期结束后很长一段时间里读它”。故选B。
29．B 30．C 31．D 32．C
【导语】本文一篇记叙文。搬到一个新的城镇后，安东尼决定拯救一只狗是让自己适应这个地方的完美方式。他找到了一只叫雷吉的狗，但不幸的是，它们俩并不合得来。正当安东尼要将雷吉送走时，一封信让他了解了雷吉的过去，也知道了他们合不来的原因。
29．推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“He found a dog named Reggie, but, sadly, the two of them didn’t hit it off.(他找到了一只名叫雷吉的狗，但遗憾的是，他们俩并不合得来)”可知，他找到了一只叫雷吉的狗，但不幸的是，它们俩并不合得来。由此可推知，那只狗不接受他。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“As Anthony kept reading, he was shocked to learn that Reggie’s name wasn’t actually Reggie.(安东尼继续读下去，他惊讶地发现雷吉的名字其实并不是雷吉)”可知，这只狗还有另外一个名字让安东尼惊讶。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据第四段第三句的内容“But he’d soon realize the term “tank” held a lot of meaning for the previous owner who operated tanks.(但他很快就意识到，“坦克”这个词对以前操作坦克的主人有很多含义)”可知，这只狗曾经叫坦克与它的主人的工作有关。故选D。
32．推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Immediately, the dog shook his head, his tail moving around, and his eyes softening.(狗立刻摇了摇头，尾巴摇来摇去，眼神也变得柔和起来)”可知，狗对以前的名字的反应很灵敏。故选C。
33．A 34．D 35．C 36．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章谈论的话题是“一带一路”倡议为中亚五国带来了一系列利益。在乌兹别克斯坦Sirdaryo地区一片25公顷的土地上，来自中国、乌兹别克斯坦和其他亚洲国家的数千名工人冒着高温建造一座发电厂。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Guo Tianyu, a project manager, said, “This project is of milestone significance for the energy sector in Uzbekistan, and is another landmark project under the Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路).”(项目经理郭天宇表示：“该项目对乌兹别克斯坦能源行业具有里程碑意义，是一带一路倡议下的又一标志性项目。)”可知，项目经理郭天宇对发电厂工程评价很高。故选A项。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“He added that the economic boom(繁荣)in Uzbekistan, including development of the construction, has caused an increase in energy demand and a power shortage in the country.(他补充说，乌兹别克斯坦的经济繁荣，包括建筑的发展，导致该国的能源需求增加和电力短缺。)”可知，经济发展造成乌兹别克斯坦的电力短缺。故选D项。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the first seven months of this year, trade between China and Kazakhstan rose by 19.3 percent. The figure for Kyrgyzstan was 150.4 percent, for Tajikistan 85.5 percent, for Turkmenistan 53.4 percent, while Uzbekistan saw a 32.5 percent rise in such trade.(今年前七个月，中国和哈萨克斯坦之间的贸易增长了19。3%。吉尔吉斯斯坦的数字是150。4%，塔吉克斯坦85%。5%，土库曼斯坦53%。4%，而乌兹别克斯坦为32%。此类贸易增长5%。)”可知，吉尔吉斯斯坦(Kyrgyzstan)增长最高。故选C项。
36．主旨大意题。文章谈论的话题是“一带一路”倡议带来了一系列利益。如解决电力短缺、增加就业、改善基础建设、加强贸易联系，改善民生等等。所以用B项“Belt and Road Produces Series of Benefits”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选B项。
37．C 38．A 39．D 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者在读研究生时经常与一只浣熊散步，直到自己工作都会抽时间与浣熊散步，这给作者带来很大的好处。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And I was not a fan of deep thought: The thought of sitting still for 30 minutes only caused me greater stress.(而且我不喜欢沉思：静坐30分钟的想法只会给我带来更大的压力。)”可知，作者坐下沉思30分钟会使得压力更大，由此可知，作者沉思后会感到焦虑。故选C项。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I first saw Tessa as a thin and little dog in a photo on the Internet. She was found, huddled (蜷缩) up with her friends, in a deserted house in Alabama.(我第一次看到Tessa是在网上的一张照片上，她是一只又瘦又小的狗。人们在阿拉巴马州一所废弃的房子里发现了她，她和朋友们蜷缩在一起。)”可知，作者第一次见到Tessa时又瘦又小，在一个被废弃的房子里发现，由此可知，作者第一次见到Tessa时觉得它很可怜。故选A项。
39．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Because of Tessa, I took frequent walking breaks while studying for a master’s degree in public health at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut.(因为Tessa，我在康涅狄格州纽黑文的耶鲁大学攻读公共卫生硕士学位时，经常步行休息。)”可知，作者在读研究生的时候惊颤与Tessa一起散步，结合“On our daily walks, I found calm in the woods and quiet in the early morning enveloping the city streets.(在我们每天的散步中，我在树林中找到了平静，在清晨的城市街道上找到了宁静。)”可知，在每天与Tessa散步的时候能够找到平静，所以在第四段中作者想表达Tessa有助于作者愉快地度过研究生阶段。故选D项。
40．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Now, as I work from home, Tessa continues to help me deal with a lonely existence.( 现在，我在家工作，Tessa继续帮助我应对孤独的生活。)”以及“These forced breaks throughout the day take me away from my computer and help me to stay active, greet my neighbors and comeback to work refreshed.(这些被迫的休息让我远离电脑，帮助我保持活跃，问候我的邻居，恢复精力重新工作。)”可知，在家工作的时候Tessa继续帮助作者应对孤独的生活，还能帮助作者保持积极活跃，精神焕发地回去工作，由此可知，作者在与Tessa的散步中获的很多的好处。故选C项。
阅读理解
We’ve all been there: it’s a hot summer day, you’re carrying bags of groceries, sweat is dripping down your back, and you absolutely cannot wait to be inside. Then once you get home, you have to turn on the A/C, delaying that precious moment of cool relief. That’s why so many people choose to leave their A/C on even while they’re out. However, many are concerned that this is actually not cost efficient and also wastes a lot of energy. So who’s right?
According to a group of building system engineers who spoke to IFLScience, the answer comes down to just how much energy it costs to cool down your house. The short answer? It’s usually better to turn off the A/C and turn it on when you get home, as this is more energy efficient than keeping the A/C． on all day.
The reason behind this comes down to how heat accrues. First, it flows into the house when the building has less stored heat than outside, and if the amount of heat that flows into your house has a rate of 1 unit per hour, then the A/C will have 1 unit of heat to remove each hour. However, if you turn it off and let the heat increase, you could have 8 hours of heat stored up at the end of the day.
Sometimes it’s less than that since houses have a limit to how much heat can be stored in them, and it all depends on the temperature at which the building starts. I your house can store 5 units of energy before reaching balance with the outside temperature, then you’ll only have to remove 5 units of heat. As your house heats up, the process of heat transfer stars to slow down and eventually reaches zero when balance is reached. A/C works less efficiently with extreme heat, so if you keep it off during the hottest part of the day, you’ll save more energy overall and even increase overall efficiency of your system.
1．What’s the benefit to keep the air conditioner on all day?
A．You protect the A/C． B．You always have a cool house.
C．You save a great deal of energy. D．You avoid the trouble to turn it on.
2．What should we do according to the engineers’ opinion?
A．Use energy efficient the A/C． B．Keep the indoor temperature steady.
C．Shut the A/C when you go out. D．Know the energy to cool down your house.
3．What does the underlined word “accrues” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Acts. B．Reduces. C．Escapes. D．Gathers.
4．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Energy-saving principles. B．The process of A/C working.
C．Heat exchange in a house. D．Ways to keep your home cool.
New research suggests that nearly half of American teenagers say they use the internet almost all the time. The results were based on a Pew public opinion study carried out from April 14 to May 4. The study contained 1,316 teens aged 13 to 17 years old. The research found that about 95percent of American teens have smartphones.
The study also asked teens about their social media behavior. It found that the number of teens using Facebook has dropped to 32 percent, down from 71 percent in 2015. The research shows that teens have moved away from Facebook to spend time on the video sharing services YouTube and TikTok. About 95 percent of teens said they use Google-owned YouTube, while 67 percent said they use TikTok.
About 62 percent of the teens said they use Instagram, which is owned by Facebook’s parent company Meta. About 59 percent said they use Snapchat. Less than one fourth of teens said they use Twitter.
The research found that teen boys are more likely than teen girls to use YouTube, or the services Twitch and Reddit. Teen girls were more interested in using TikTok, Instagram and Snapchat. In addition, higher shares of Black teens reported using TikTok, Twitter and WhatsApp compared to white teens.
About 54 percent of teens questioned said it would be “somewhat hard” to give up social media, while 46 percent said it would be “somewhat easy.” About 25 percent of teen boys said giving up social media would be “very easy.” But just 15 percent of teen girls said the same.
Experts in online technology behavior have accused large technology companies of contraposing teens with methods to get them to spend more time on their social media services.
Child rights groups have warned that heavy use of social media services can harm the mind health of young users. They have called on large technology companies to take steps to reduce such harm.
5．Which of the following is no longer popular?
A．TikTok. B．Facebook. C．YouTube. D．Instagram.
6．How popular is Twitter among teens?
A．Half of them use it. B．None of them use it.
C．The fewest of them use it. D．The majority of them use it.
7．What are the numbers in paragraph 5 about?
A．Teens’ favourite for social media. B．Kinds of social media teens use.
C．Benefits of different social media. D．Importance of social media for teens.
8．What does the underlined word “contraposing” in paragraph 6 probably mean?
A．Directing at. B．Applying for.
C．Taking control of. D．Getting along with.
As a popular subject of study among evolutionary ecologists, the three-spined stickleback (三刺鱼) is known for their different shapes, sizes, and behaviors—they can even live in both sea water and fresh water, and under a wide range of temperatures. But what makes that?
The researchers tracked six populations of the fish before and after seasonal changes to their environment, using genome sequencing (基因组测序) . Seasonal changes result in great changes in habitat structure and balance of salt and freshwater, and only those fish able to tolerate these rapid changes survive into the next season.
“These changes probably resemble the habitat shifts experienced by stickleback populations during the past 10,000 years, says Professor Barrett “We hope to gain insight into the genetic changes that may have resulted from natural selection long in the past.”
Remarkably, the researchers discovered the evidence of genetic changes driven by the seasonal shifts in habitats, which mirrored the differences found between long-established freshwater and saltwater populations. “These genetic changes occurred in independent populations over a single season, highlighting just how quickly the effects of natural selection can be detected,” says Professor Barrett, “the findings suggest that we may be able to use the genetic differences to predict how populations may adapt to the environment.”
The research emphasizes the importance of studying species in dynamic environments to gain a better understanding of how natural selection operates. In the further research, they plan to investigate how repeatable the observed genetic changes are, by testing whether they show up year after year. Doing so would demonstrate their ability to reliably forecast the evolutionary future of these populations.
9．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．The difficulties of the research. B．The purpose of the research.
C．The background of the research. D．The methods of the research.
10．What is the main reason for the three-spined stickleback’s survival?
A．Habitat shifts. B．Genetic changes.
C．Seasonal changes. D．Independent populations.
11．Why will scientists study the repetition of the genetic changes?
A．To know what natural selection is.
B．To study species in dynamic environments.
C．To test the reliability of the present discoveries.
D．To forecast the evolutionary future of certain species.
12．Where is the text from?
A．A science magazine. B．A science fiction.
C．An advertisement. D．A novel.
Tiger conservation safari: India
April 2024—6 days
Register now at tours@newscientist.com and we will contact you soon with full tour details
Visit the protected areas of Pench and Tadoba in search of the Bengal tiger, putting yourself in forest life.
Day 1: Arrive Delhi
You will be met on arrival and sent to the 5-star Roseate Hotel. You can spend the day in its rooftop pool overlooking Delhi or explore the city, which may be one of the world’s largest cities, but building wonders — new and old — fill the city. Mughal treasures, including the Red Fort and Jama Masjid, are added by more recent additions to Delhi’s traditional buildings, such as the splendid Lotus and Akshardham Temples.
Day 2: Journey to Tadoba
Take the early morning flight to Nagpur. On arrival into Nagpur, you will be met by our local guide, who will take you to Tadoba National Park. Part of the park contains Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve, one of India’s most exciting and best-protected tiger reserves.
For the next 4 nights you will be staying at Bamboo Forest Safari Lodge. Later this evening there will be a welcome dinner.
Days 3-5: Safari Drives
The next three days will follow a similar pattern, as you head into Tadoba National Park searching for India’s tiger as well as the park’s many other wildlife species and birdlife.
The day starts early, usually before sunrise, as this is when the wildlife is at its most active. Mornings begin with tea in bed. Breakfast will normally be taken in the park.
Day 6: Depart Pench
Go to Nagpur airport for your flight back to Delhi and your journey home. We can arrange extra days sightseeing with a private guide covering the Golden Triangle of Delhi, Jaipur and Agra, including the Amber Fort and The Taj Mahal. Please ask for more details.
13．What does the author say about Delhi?
A．It is the largest city in the world.
B．Its buildings are ancient and modern.
C．It is a wonderful place for you to relax.
D．It is here that a welcome dinner is held.
14．What will you do early on the second day?
A．Take a plane. B．Meet your guide.
C．Go to the park. D．Drink tea in bed.
15．When will you go to search for the tiger?
A．Day 1. B．Day 2. C．Days 3-5. D．Day 6.
Recently, 14-year-old Harini Logan won the Scripps National Spelling Bee in the United States. She correctly spelled 22 words during 90 seconds. Most Americans, however, would find it difficult to spell any of these words!
From an early age, native English speakers know there are clear differences between how words are pronounced and how they are spelled. But they do not know that the difference is unique to English among major languages. Languages like Italian or Finnish can be spelled more easily because each letter matches to one sound. Students studying these languages can have 90 percent reading accuracy(正确率) after the first year.
In English, many letters have two or more sounds. This is why even after years of learning, students of English are still far below Italian or Finnish students in reading accuracy.
English started as a Germanic language. It is most closely connected to German and Dutch, especially in grammar and basic vocabulary. During the Norman attack in the 12th century, Old English was spoken but French was used in government and legal documents. As a result, more French and Latin words entered the English language.
The printing machine was invented in the late 1400s. This helped to establish English spelling and strengthen the connection between how English is spoken and how it is written. The English of today is how the language was written at the time.
However, the spoken language started to change in the 1500s with the pronunciation of all long vowels(元音), especially in southern England. For example, the word “bite” was pronounced closer to “beet” in 1400, before changing through the years to its present sound. The effect was that the English language had old spellings, but new sounds.
English has 26 letters, but over 44 different sounds depending on the difference of spoken English. There are several sounds from only one letter. For example, the letter “C” can sound like an “S” as in “city.” And it also sounds like a “K” as in “cat.”
16．What is the advantage of Italian compared with English?
A．It has simpler sentences. B．It expresses more exactly.
C．It is easier to pronounce. D．It’s made up of fewer letters.
17．How did the printing machine affect the English language?
A．It established today’s English. B．It made written English simple.
C．It changed the spoken language. D．It separated spellings from sounds.
18．What did the spoken language change in the 1500s result in?
A．Spellings matched sounds. B．English was easier to learn.
C．Old spellings were changed. D．New sounds were formed.
19．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．What Is the Best Way to Master English
B．Why Spelling in English Is so Difficult
C．How English Developed into Modern One
D．When Letters Started to Have Over One Sound
On a Saturday afternoon, you find most kids outside playing games. Kids were made for the outdoors, with their endless energy and the easy way in which they make friends. It’s not different for Kameron, an ordinary, fun-loving 7-year-old girl who loves to draw out the world’s longest hopscotch(跳格子) on the sidewalk.
In between jump-rope games, basketball shootouts and skateboard races, Kameron takes time to do something special for her neighbors. Kameron’s community is home to a good mix of young families and elderly neighbors whose children have long since left home. Kameron first started waving to them. Most of them smiled back.
Then Kameron decides that some of them need a little pleasure. So she runs home, takes her violin and makes the rounds. “Can I play you a song?” she asks, after knocking on the door.
Gustav smiles wide. He has beautiful white hair and a soft accent. He grew up in Scandinavia and is a wood finisher. His wife Vivian has a smile that fills their tiny home. She stands awkwardly, and has difficulty moving about. It looks terribly uncomfortable. Vivian has had muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩) for over 20 years. Gustav is her full-time caregiver. They’ve replaced their daily walks with afternoon drives, but even those are getting too difficult for Vivian.
Gus lets Kameron in, and Vivian takes hold of both their arms and pulls to her chair. On the table beside her is a photo of her with Gus when they were young and energetic, traveling around Europe, Egypt and Iceland. In the photo, Vivian is very beautiful, and Gus is handsome.
“Want me to play your favorite song?” Kameron asks. “Of course,” Gus answers. It is the only song Kameron knows.
The small violin rests seriously under Kameron’s chin(下巴). She plays as best she can. Vivian beats her knee obviously to keep rhythm(节奏) for Kameron. Gus holds Vivian’s other hand. It’s not the performance that is moving, but the memories it brings.
20．What is Kameron special compared with other kids?
A．She likes playing outside. B．She cares about the elderly.
C．She has plenty of energy. D．She can draw on the sidewalk.
21．Why did Kameron knock on a couple’s door?
A．To sing a song to them. B．To learn the violin from them.
C．To cheer them up with music. D．To invite them to go to a concert.
22．What did the couple use to do every day?
A．Go for a walk. B．Make a drive.
C．Stay at home. D．Do woodworking.
23．What is the most moving for the couple?
A．The love between them. B．Vivian’s reaction to the music.
C．Kameron’s performance. D．Thinking back to past experiences.
Make the Most of Holidays
Holidays are a wonderful time to spend with friends and family, eating and sharing stories. 24 These situations can give you great chances to learn English. Here are some ideas that you can use to improve your English over the holidays.
Blogs
The Learning English Broadcast is a 30-minute daily blog that features the audio (音频) from our main stories each day. Listening to the blog will help develop your ability to understand spoken English. 25 Once you have finished a program, tell someone what you have learned.
Published materials
26 Buy an English- language publication to read it while you are waiting or spending quiet time at a hotel or in a home. Look at the images and read the lines below them. Even if you do not understand all the words, you can use the images to help you understand some of them. Later, you can use an online dictionary to look up the words you want to learn.
Conversation
While traveling, it is not unusual to see people from other countries. 27 If you hear someone asking for information in English, you might offer to help or simply greet them in English to talk. A friendly chat is usually welcome as travelers share their experiences.
Writing about your day
Writing about your day is a great way to practice your English writing skill. Using English to describe how you spent your holiday will help you to put new words to use and make them stay in your memory longer. And you will have a wonderful record of your travel. 28 It is a good reminder of your past holidays.
A．We hope you enjoy your travels this year.
B．You can read it long after the holiday is over.
C．They are also waiting or exploring a new place.
D．We have spent too much time at home the past two years.
E．And it can also keep you informed of news and information.
F．Airports and train stations often have stores selling published materials.
G．You may celebrate at home, wait at airports or spend time on trains, buses or cars.
After moving to a new town, Anthony decided rescuing a dog would be the perfect way to make himself fit to his place. He found a dog named Reggie, but, sadly, the two of them didn’t hit it off. Anthony was about to bring Reggie back to the shelter, hoping he’d find happiness with another family. Then, he remembered a letter that stopped him in his tracks.
At first, Anthony hesitated to open the letter. But, in the end, curiosity got the best of him. Before he broke the seal of the envelope, Anthony noticed some change in Reggie’s behavior. The dog seemed to cheer up at the sight of the letter. Almost as though he was waiting for Anthony to find it and open it.
The letter told Anthony what Reggie was trained to do and how he loved playing fetch with tennis balls. As Anthony kept reading, he was shocked to learn that Reggie’s name wasn’t actually Reggie. It was no wonder the poor dog wasn’t responding to him!
Anthony learned that Reggie’s real name was actually Tank. A strange name, at least in Anthony’s mind. But he’d soon realize the term “tank” held a lot of meaning for the previous owner who operated tanks. In his letter, he said that in case he died, he wanted the dog to have a new owner. Sadly, its owner died later.
The Army followed through with his wishes, calling the local shelter and giving them instructions to find the dog a loving family to go home with. After passing on a few families, the shelter finally met Anthony.
After finishing the letter, Anthony folded it up and put it back in the box. According to him, he looked at “Reggie” and whispered the name Tank. Immediately, the dog shook his head, his tail moving around, and his eyes softening.
29．Why did Anthony decide to give the dog back to the shelter?
A．Anthony disliked the dog. B．The dog didn’t accept him.
C．The dog destroyed the house. D．The dog missed its old owner.
30．What made Anthony surprised when he read the letter?
A．The dog’s skills. B．The dog’s owner.
C．The dog had another name. D．The dog’s reaction to the letter.
31．Why was the dog once named Tank?
A．It served bravely in the army. B．It was strong and large in size.
C．It was named to honour its owner. D．It was connected to its owner’s job.
32．Which word best matches the dog’s reaction to its former name?
A．Cold. B．Calm. C．Sensitive. D．Strange.
On a stretch of land covering 25 hectares in the Sirdaryo region of Uzbekistan, thousands of workers from China, Uzbekistan and other Asian countries are braving high temperatures to build a power plant.
Expected to be completed by the end of next year, the project will provide about 8 percent of Uzbekistan’s electricity, crating up to 10 billion kilowatt hours of electricity per year and meeting power demand for nearly 1 million residents.
Guo Tianyu, a project manager, said, “This project is of milestone significance for the energy sector in Uzbekistan, and is another landmark project under the Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路). ”He added that the economic boom(繁荣)in Uzbekistan, including development of the construction, has caused an increase in energy demand and a power shortage in the country.
Construction of the power plant has created more than 1,000 job opportunities for local residents, Guo said. The new plant is just one of the many cooperation projects carried out between China and the Central Asian countries of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan as part of the BRI.
According to many observers, cooperation in the BRI between China and the five nations has produced early results, helping these countries improve their infrastructure(基础建设), build tradelinks, and improve public well-being.
The BRI has promoted Central Asian countries’ exports, balanced the growth of their industries, and offered opportunities for their industrial upgrading and the development of green and digital economies.
This year marks the 30th anniversary of the formation of diplomatic relations between China and the five nations, with trade between the two sides rising from $460 million in. 1992 to $50 billion last year.
In the first seven months of this year, trade between China and Kazakhstan rose by 19. 3 percent. The figure for Kyrgyzstan was 150. 4 percent, for Tajikistan 85. 5 percent, for Turkmenistan 53. 4 percent, while Uzbekistan saw a 32. 5 percent rise in such trade.
33．What does Guo Tianyu think of power-plant project?
A．He sings high praise for it. B．He feels very proud of it.
C．It is a challenge to his company. D．It has brought progress to the country.
34．What leads to Uzbekistan’s lack of electricity?
A．Natural disasters. B．Economic crisis.
C．Population increase. D．Deyelopment of economy.
35．Which has the biggest trade rise with China in this year’s first 7 months?
A．Tajikistan. B．Uzbekistan.
C．Kyrgyzstan. D．Turkmenistan.
36．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Belt and Road Is Widely Popular B．Belt and Road Produces Series of Benefits
C．China Helps Its Neighbors Create Jobs D．China Builds Power Station for Its Neighbor
As a student, I heard the line “graduate school is stressful” so many times that it began to bear no meaning.
Sure, there were campus resources that encouraged healthy behaviors, including deep thought, and the benefits of self-care, but self-care sounded expensive and time-consuming to me; I had work to do. And I was not a fan of deep thought: The thought of sitting still for 30 minutes only caused me greater stress. But one thing I couldn’t stay away from was walking my dog.
Tessa is a six-year-old lovely coonhound (猎浣熊犬) that I got as a gift to myself, for completing my undergraduate degree at the University of Rhode Island in Kingston. I first saw Tessa as a thin and little dog in a photo on the Internet. She was found, huddled (蜷缩) up with her friends, in a deserted house in Alabama.
Because of Tessa, I took frequent walking breaks while studying for a master’s degree in public health at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. I discovered the best corners and crannies (缝隙) on campus, including the sloping grassland behind the school, filled with squirrels and sticks-a safe place for dogs. I found a tree accidentally with a swing, overlooking the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History, which offered the best sunset view in town. On our daily walks, I found calm in the woods and quiet in the early morning enveloping the city streets.
Now, as I work from home, Tessa continues to help me deal with a lonely existence. Just like in graduate school, she demands that I stop working, however briefly, and accompany her on a walk. These forced breaks throughout the day take me away from my computer and help me to stay active, greet my neighbors and comeback to work refreshed. And although I certainly haven’t escaped stress, and I am still trying to find my footing in research, I will continue to make time for walks every day. I recommend it very much.
37．How did author feel after a deep thought?
A．Disordered. B．Time-consuming.
C．Anxious. D．Encouraged
38．What does the author think of Tessa when seeing it at the first time?
A．Poor. B．Gifted.
C．Lovely. D．Courageous.
39．What does the author intend to express in paragraph 4?
A．Tessa likes walking very much.
B．The Yale University is very beautiful.
C．The author likes both the city and the University.
D．Tessa is helpful in spending graduate school happily.
40．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The author often feels lonely at home.
B．The author works hard but exercises less.
C．Walking with Tessa benefits the author much.
D．Both the author and the neighbors like Tessa.
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章谈论的话题是当你不在家的时候关掉空调真的能节省能源吗？结论是：通常最好是关掉空调，回家后再打开，因为这比整天开着空调更节能。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Then once you get home, you have to turn on the A/C, delaying that precious moment of cool relief. That’s why so many people choose to leave their A/C on even while they’re out. (然后，一旦你回到家，你必须打开空调，推迟那宝贵的凉爽缓解时刻。这就是为什么这么多人选择在外出时打开空调的原因。)”可知，一旦回到家，你就不得不打开空调，耽误了那宝贵的放松时光。这就是为什么很多人即使外出也会开着空调的原因。即你一回到家就凉爽。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It’s usually better to turn off the A/C and turn it on when you get home, as this is more energy efficient than keeping the A/C. on all day.(通常最好在回家时关闭空调并打开它，因为这比整天开着空调更节能。)”可知，通常最好是关掉空调，回家后再打开，因为这比整天开着空调更节能。即外出时把空调关上。故选C项。
3．词义猜测题。根据“The reason behind this comes down to how heat accrues. First, it flows into the house when the building has less stored heat than outside, and if the amount of heat that flows into your house has a rate of 1 unit per hour, then the A/C will have 1 unit of heat to remove each hour. (这背后的原因归结为热量的……方式。首先，当建筑物储存的热量少于外部时，它会流入房屋，如果流入房屋的热量为每小时1个单位，那么空调每小时将有 1 个单位的热量要去除。)”可知，这背后的原因可以归结为热量是如何积累的。首先，当建筑储存的热量比室外少时，热量就会流入室内。此处accrues的意思是“积累”，与gathers是同义词。故选D项。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Sometimes it’s less than that since houses have a limit to how much heat can be stored in them, and it all depends on the temperature at which the building starts. I your house can store 5 units of energy before reaching balance with the outside temperature, then you’ll only have to remove 5 units of heat. As your house heats up, the process of heat transfer stars to slow down and eventually reaches zero when balance is reached. A/C works less efficiently with extreme heat, so if you keep it off during the hottest part of the day, you’ll save more energy overall and even increase overall efficiency of your system.(有时它比这要少，因为房屋可以储存多少热量是有限制的，这完全取决于建筑物启动的温度。我的房子在与外部温度达到平衡之前可以储存5个单位的能量，那么你只需要去除5个单位的热量。当你的房子变热时，传热的过程会变慢，最终在达到平衡时达到零。空调在极端高温下工作效率较低，因此如果您在一天中最热的时候将其关闭，您将节省更多能源，甚至提高系统的整体效率。)”可知，当你的房子变热时，热量传递的过程开始减缓，当达到平衡时，最终达到零。空调在极端高温下的工作效率较低，所以如果你在一天中最热的时候关掉空调，你会节省更多的能源，甚至提高整体效率。即节能原理。故选A项。
5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，新的研究表明，近一半的美国青少年表示他们几乎一直在使用互联网。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句的内容“It found that the number of teens using Facebook has dropped to 32 percent, down from 71 percent in 2015. The research shows that teens have moved away from Facebook to spend time on the video sharing services YouTube and TikTok.(它发现，使用Facebook的青少年人数已从2015年的71%降至32%。研究表明，青少年已经不再使用Facebook，而是把时间花在视频分享服务YouTube和TikTok上)”可知，研究发现，使用Facebook的青少年人数从2015年的71%下降到32%。青少年已经离开了Facebook，把时间花在视频分享服务YouTube和TikTok上。即Facebook不再受欢迎。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段的内容“About 62 percent of the teens said they use Instagram, which is owned by Facebook’s parent company Meta. About 59 percent said they use Snapchat. Less than one fourth of teens said they use Twitter.(约62%的青少年表示他们使用Instagram，该网站隶属于Facebook的母公司Meta。约59%的人表示他们使用Snapchat。不到四分之一的青少年说他们使用Twitter)”可知，使用Twitter的人数最少。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据第五段的内容“About 54 percent of teens questioned said it would be “somewhat hard” to give up social media, while 46 percent said it would be “somewhat easy.” About 25 percent of teen boys said giving up social media would be “very easy.” But just 15 percent of teen girls said the same.(约54%的受访青少年表示，放弃社交媒体“有些困难”，而46%的人表示“有些容易”。大约25%的青少年男孩表示，放弃社交媒体“非常容易”。但是只有15%的少女有同样的想法)”可知，本段中的数据是关于社交媒体对青少年的重要性。故选D。
8．词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的“to get them to spend more time on their social media services(让他们花更多的时间在社交媒体服务上)”可知，研究网络科技行为的专家指责大型科技公司用各种方法针对青少年，让他们在社交媒体服务上花更多时间来。此处contraposing的意思是“针对”，与directing at是同义词。故选A。
9．D 10．B 11．D 12．A
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。作为进化生态学家的热门研究对象，三刺鱼可以生活在海水和淡水中，也可以在很宽的温度范围中生活，研究人员利用基因组测序技术，追踪了六个种群的环境在季节变化前后的变化，发现只有那些能够忍受这些快速变化的鱼类才能存活到下一个季节，所以，我们可能能够利用基因差异来预测种群如何适应环境。
9．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The researchers tracked six populations of the fish before and after seasonal changes to their environment, using genome sequencing (基因组测序) . Seasonal changes result in great changes in habitat structure and balance of salt and fresh water, and only those fish able to tolerate these rapid changes survive into the next season. (研究人员利用基因组测序技术，追踪了六个种群的环境在季节变化前后的变化。季节变化会导致栖息地结构和盐、淡水平衡的巨大变化，只有那些能够忍受这些快速变化的鱼类才能存活到下一个季节。)”可知，文章第二段主要讲述了这个研究的研究方法：研究人员利用基因组测序，追踪了六个种群的环境在季节变化前后的变化。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Remarkably, the researchers discovered the evidence of genetic changes driven by the seasonal shifts in habitats, which mirrored the differences found between long-established freshwater and saltwater populations. (值得注意的是，研究人员发现了栖息地季节性变化导致基因变化的证据，这反映了长期存在的淡水种群和咸水种群之间的差异。)”可推知，三刺鱼之所以能够生存下去，其主要原因就在于基因改变，故选B项。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In the further research, they plan to investigate how repeatable the observed genetic changes are, by testing whether they show up year after year. Doing so would demonstrate their ability to reliably forecast the evolutionary future of these populations. (在进一步的研究中，他们计划通过测试这些观察到的基因变化是否年复一年地出现，来调查它们的可重复性。这样做将证明他们有能力可靠地预测这些种群的进化未来。)”可知，科学家研究基因改变的重复是为了预测未来某些物种的进化前景，故选D项。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“As a popular subject of study among evolutionary ecologists, the three-spined stickleback(三刺鱼) is known for their different shapes, sizes, and behaviors—they can even live in both sea water and fresh water, and under a wide range of temperatures. But what makes that? (作为进化生态学家的热门研究对象，三刺鱼以其不同的形状、大小和行为而闻名，它们甚至可以生活在海水和淡水中，也可以在很宽的温度范围内生活。但这是怎么回事呢？)”可知，文章为一篇研究三刺鱼的说明文，应来自于科学杂志，故选A项。
13．B 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了去印度参观Pench和Tadoba保护区，寻找孟加拉虎，置身于森林生活中观看野生老虎的六天旅游。
13．细节理解题。根据文章Day 1: Arrive Delhi部分的“You can spend the day in its rooftop pool overlooking Delhi or explore the city, which may be one of the world’s largest cities, but building wonders — new and old — fill the city.(你可以花一天的时间在屋顶游泳池里俯瞰德里，或者探索这座城市，它可能是世界上最大的城市之一，但这座城市充满了新的和旧的建筑奇迹)”可知，Delhi的建筑物是既古老又现代。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据文章Day 2: Journey to Tadoba部分的“Take the early morning flight to Nagpur.(坐早班飞机去那格浦尔)”可知，第二天一大早你要乘早班飞机去那格浦尔。故选A项。
15．细节理解题。根据文章Days 3-5: Safari Drives部分的“The next three days will follow a similar pattern, as you head into Tadoba National Park searching for India’s tiger as well as the park’s many other wildlife species and birdlife.(接下来的三天将遵循类似的模式，你将进入Tadoba国家公园，寻找印度的老虎以及公园里的许多其他野生动物和鸟类)”可知，你会在第三至五天去寻找老虎。故选C项。
16．C 17．A 18．D 19．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是英语拼写困难的原因。
16．推理判断题。根据第二段“Languages like Italian or Finnish can be spelled more easily because each letter matches to one sound. Students studying these languages can have 90 percent reading accuracy(正确率) after the first year.(像意大利语或芬兰语这样的语言更容易拼写，因为每个字母都对应一个音。学习这些语言的学生在一年后的阅读准确率可以达到90%)”可知，像意大利语或芬兰语这样的语言更容易拼写，因此学习这些语言的学生在一年后可以达到90%的阅读正确率，所以意大利语的优势就在于它的读音更简单。故选C项。
17．细节理解题。根据第五段“The printing machine was invented in the late 1400s. This helped to establish English spelling and strengthen the connection between how English is spoken and how it is written. The English of today is how the language was written at the time.(印刷机是15世纪后期发明的。这有助于建立英语拼写，并加强英语口语和书面语之间的联系，而今天的英语就是当时的书写方式)”可知，15世纪晚期发明的印刷机有助于建立英语拼写，并加强英语口语和书面语之间的联系。今天的英语就是当时这种语言的书写方式，所以说印刷机为今天英语的奠定了基础。故选A项。
18．细节理解题。根据第六段“The effect was that the English language had old spellings, but new sounds.(结果是，英语有旧的拼写，但有新的发音)”可知，16世纪英语口语变化的结果是英语有了旧的拼写但却有了新的发音。故选D项。
19．主旨大意题。文章第一段“Most Americans, however, would find it difficult to spell any of these words!(然而，大多数美国人会发现很难拼写这些单词！)”提出话题——为什么英语拼写如此困难，第二段提到英语的拼写与发音不同，这增加了拼写难度，后面提到多种语言的融合，一个字母多个发音等，都是造成英语拼写困难的原因，纵观全文，文章主要围绕着英语为什么拼写如此困难这个话题展开，所以B项Why Spelling in English Is so Difficult(为什么英语拼写这么难)作为文章标题最为合适。故选B项。
20．B 21．C 22．A 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个七岁的小姑娘通过演奏小提琴为一对生活很孤独、妻子还常年生病的老年夫妇带来了极大欢乐的故事。
20．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In between jump-rope games, basketball shootouts and skateboard races, Kameron takes time to do something special for her neighbors.(在跳绳游戏、篮球枪战和滑板比赛的间隙， Kameron会抽出时间为邻居们做一些特别的事情。)”可知，在跳绳游戏，投篮比赛和滑板比赛的间隙，Kameron会花时间为她的邻居做一些特别的事情，由此可以推断她关爱老人。故选B项。
21．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Then Kameron decides that some of them need a little pleasure. So she runs home, takes her violin and makes the rounds. “Can I play you a song?” she asks, after knocking on the door.( 然后Kameron断定他们中的一些人需要一点乐趣。于是她跑回家，拿着她的小提琴绕了一圈。“我可以给你弹首歌吗?”她敲门后问道。)”可知因为认为邻居中的一些人需要乐趣，所以Kameron拿着小提琴敲门拜访，其目的是希望通过音乐让他们高兴起来。故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据第四段“They’ve replaced their daily walks with afternoon drives, but even those are getting too difficult for Vivian.(他们已经把每天的散步改为下午开车，但对薇薇安来说，即使这样也变得太困难了。)”可知因为散步对于薇薇安来说已经很困难，所以这对夫妇已经把每天的散步换成了下午的自驾，由此可以推测他们过去曾经每天散步。故选A项。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s not the performance that is moving, but the memories it brings.(动人的不是表演，而是它带来的回忆。)”可知对于这对夫妇来说让人感动的不是表演，而是表演可以让他们回想起过去的经历。故选D项。
24．G 25．E 26．F 27．C 28．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，题材为语言学习类。文章介绍了利用假期学英语。假期是与朋友和家人共度的美好时光，也可以在火车、公共汽车或汽车上度过。这些场合可以给你很多学习英语的机会。
24．根据后面的“These situations can give you great chances to learn English.(这些场合可以给你很多学习英语的机会)”可知，空处应是提及一些学习英语的场合，G项“你可以在家庆祝，可以在机场等候，也可以在火车、公共汽车或汽车上度过”符合语境。故选G。
25．前面一句“Listening to the blog will help develop your ability to understand spoken English.(听博客可以帮助你提高理解英语口语的能力)”提到听博客可以提高理解口语的能力，E项“它还可以让你了解新闻和信息”进一步描述听博客的好处，故选E。
26．下文“Buy an English-language publication to read it while you are waiting or spending quiet time at a hotel or in a home.(买一本英文出版物，当你在等待或在酒店或家中安静地度过时光时阅读)”提到购买英语出版物，故F项“机场和火车站经常有出售出版物的商店”符合语境，故选F。
27．前面一句“While traveling, it is not unusual to see people from other countries.(在旅行时，看到来自其他国家的人是很正常的)”提到旅行时看到其他国家的人很正常，故空处应是进一步描述看到的那些外国人，他们也是在旅行，C项“他们也在等待或探索一个新的地方”符合语境，故选C。
28．根据前面的“And you will have a wonderful record of your travel.(你会有一份精彩的旅行记录)”可知，把旅行经历写下来会有一个精彩的记录，结合下文“It is a good reminder of your past holidays.(它能很好地提醒你过去的假期)”可知，此处是说把旅行经历记录下来后，以后的时间可以随时阅读，让自己想起以前的假期，故B项“你可以在假期结束后很长一段时间里读它”。故选B。
29．B 30．C 31．D 32．C
【导语】本文一篇记叙文。搬到一个新的城镇后，安东尼决定拯救一只狗是让自己适应这个地方的完美方式。他找到了一只叫雷吉的狗，但不幸的是，它们俩并不合得来。正当安东尼要将雷吉送走时，一封信让他了解了雷吉的过去，也知道了他们合不来的原因。
29．推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“He found a dog named Reggie, but, sadly, the two of them didn’t hit it off.(他找到了一只名叫雷吉的狗，但遗憾的是，他们俩并不合得来)”可知，他找到了一只叫雷吉的狗，但不幸的是，它们俩并不合得来。由此可推知，那只狗不接受他。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“As Anthony kept reading, he was shocked to learn that Reggie’s name wasn’t actually Reggie.(安东尼继续读下去，他惊讶地发现雷吉的名字其实并不是雷吉)”可知，这只狗还有另外一个名字让安东尼惊讶。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据第四段第三句的内容“But he’d soon realize the term “tank” held a lot of meaning for the previous owner who operated tanks.(但他很快就意识到，“坦克”这个词对以前操作坦克的主人有很多含义)”可知，这只狗曾经叫坦克与它的主人的工作有关。故选D。
32．推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Immediately, the dog shook his head, his tail moving around, and his eyes softening.(狗立刻摇了摇头，尾巴摇来摇去，眼神也变得柔和起来)”可知，狗对以前的名字的反应很灵敏。故选C。
33．A 34．D 35．C 36．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章谈论的话题是“一带一路”倡议为中亚五国带来了一系列利益。在乌兹别克斯坦Sirdaryo地区一片25公顷的土地上，来自中国、乌兹别克斯坦和其他亚洲国家的数千名工人冒着高温建造一座发电厂。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Guo Tianyu, a project manager, said, “This project is of milestone significance for the energy sector in Uzbekistan, and is another landmark project under the Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路).”(项目经理郭天宇表示：“该项目对乌兹别克斯坦能源行业具有里程碑意义，是一带一路倡议下的又一标志性项目。)”可知，项目经理郭天宇对发电厂工程评价很高。故选A项。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“He added that the economic boom(繁荣)in Uzbekistan, including development of the construction, has caused an increase in energy demand and a power shortage in the country.(他补充说，乌兹别克斯坦的经济繁荣，包括建筑的发展，导致该国的能源需求增加和电力短缺。)”可知，经济发展造成乌兹别克斯坦的电力短缺。故选D项。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the first seven months of this year, trade between China and Kazakhstan rose by 19.3 percent. The figure for Kyrgyzstan was 150.4 percent, for Tajikistan 85.5 percent, for Turkmenistan 53.4 percent, while Uzbekistan saw a 32.5 percent rise in such trade.(今年前七个月，中国和哈萨克斯坦之间的贸易增长了19。3%。吉尔吉斯斯坦的数字是150。4%，塔吉克斯坦85%。5%，土库曼斯坦53%。4%，而乌兹别克斯坦为32%。此类贸易增长5%。)”可知，吉尔吉斯斯坦(Kyrgyzstan)增长最高。故选C项。
36．主旨大意题。文章谈论的话题是“一带一路”倡议带来了一系列利益。如解决电力短缺、增加就业、改善基础建设、加强贸易联系，改善民生等等。所以用B项“Belt and Road Produces Series of Benefits”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选B项。
37．C 38．A 39．D 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者在读研究生时经常与一只浣熊散步，直到自己工作都会抽时间与浣熊散步，这给作者带来很大的好处。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And I was not a fan of deep thought: The thought of sitting still for 30 minutes only caused me greater stress.(而且我不喜欢沉思：静坐30分钟的想法只会给我带来更大的压力。)”可知，作者坐下沉思30分钟会使得压力更大，由此可知，作者沉思后会感到焦虑。故选C项。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I first saw Tessa as a thin and little dog in a photo on the Internet. She was found, huddled (蜷缩) up with her friends, in a deserted house in Alabama.(我第一次看到Tessa是在网上的一张照片上，她是一只又瘦又小的狗。人们在阿拉巴马州一所废弃的房子里发现了她，她和朋友们蜷缩在一起。)”可知，作者第一次见到Tessa时又瘦又小，在一个被废弃的房子里发现，由此可知，作者第一次见到Tessa时觉得它很可怜。故选A项。
39．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Because of Tessa, I took frequent walking breaks while studying for a master’s degree in public health at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut.(因为Tessa，我在康涅狄格州纽黑文的耶鲁大学攻读公共卫生硕士学位时，经常步行休息。)”可知，作者在读研究生的时候惊颤与Tessa一起散步，结合“On our daily walks, I found calm in the woods and quiet in the early morning enveloping the city streets.(在我们每天的散步中，我在树林中找到了平静，在清晨的城市街道上找到了宁静。)”可知，在每天与Tessa散步的时候能够找到平静，所以在第四段中作者想表达Tessa有助于作者愉快地度过研究生阶段。故选D项。
40．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Now, as I work from home, Tessa continues to help me deal with a lonely existence.( 现在，我在家工作，Tessa继续帮助我应对孤独的生活。)”以及“These forced breaks throughout the day take me away from my computer and help me to stay active, greet my neighbors and comeback to work refreshed.(这些被迫的休息让我远离电脑，帮助我保持活跃，问候我的邻居，恢复精力重新工作。)”可知，在家工作的时候Tessa继续帮助作者应对孤独的生活，还能帮助作者保持积极活跃，精神焕发地回去工作，由此可知，作者在与Tessa的散步中获的很多的好处。故选C项。
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