【期末专题复习】（牛津译林版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题13 阅读理解（最新名校期末精选）练习（原卷+解析）

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专题13 阅读理解20篇（最新名校期末精选）（解析版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读单选
（2023·江苏扬州·八年级校考阶段练习）Have you ever dreamed of traveling in space? For many kids, staring at the stars leads to daydreams about what it would be like to be an astronaut. Just think about how amazing it would be to set foot on the moon or another planet!
Although it sounds like it would be great fun to travel to outer space, it would be a lot of work, too. Traveling to outer space needs lots and lots of preparation.
Once you are in space, nothing can come on board the ship and nothing can go out. You must take all you need into outer space to keep yourself alive. Let’s call these things “inputs”, including food, water and oxygen. Every input creates an output. If you open a box of cookies for breakfast, what will you do with the box when it’s empty? Every piece of rubbish you create in space will remain on the ship with you. Your body will also output food and water. Since nothing can leave the spaceship, you will have to think of another way to deal with these bodily wastes.
Even breathing creates an output carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）! It’s true that plants depend on carbon dioxide in the same way humans depend on oxygen to breathe. However, plants have other input needs. If you take a banana tree with you, you will need to bring enough water to keep it alive. You must also consider another type of output rubbish in the ship after taking the fruit as snacks-the banana peel.
See how carefully you have to plan for a trip to outer space? How can you plan your actions on earth to have the least influence on the environment and your future? Not only do you have to think about all the things you’ll need, you will also have to consider the influence of those things because of the wastes they may create.
1．What do we know about the input in space?
A．It will make astronauts sleepy. B．It only means things to eat and drink.
C．It is quite important to astronauts. D．It can help astronauts deal with rubbish.
2．Which of the following is an “output” according to paragraph 3?
A．some cookies B．food and water C．your oxygen mask D．the empty cookie box
3．What does the 4th paragraph mainly talk about?
A．The reason why breathing creates an output.
B．A way to plant a banana tree in space successfully.
C．The reason why plants depend on carbon dioxide.
D．A way to deal with carbon dioxide in the spaceship.
4．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．How to prepare for a trip to outer space B．How to deal with wastes in the spaceship
C．Differences between inputs and outputs D．Different ways to deal with wastes in space

【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A

【导语】本文主要讲去太空需要做好哪些准备。
1．细节理解题。根据“You must take all you need into outer space to keep yourself alive. Let’s call these things ‘inputs’, including food, water and oxygen.”可知输入的有食物，水和氧气，这些对于宇航员来说都是很重要的东西，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“If you open a box of cookies for breakfast, what will you do with the box when it’s empty? Every piece of rubbish you create in space will remain on the ship with you.”可知空的饼干盒子是输出的东西，故选D。
3．段落大意题。根据“Even breathing creates an output carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）! It’s true that plants depend on carbon dioxide in the same way humans depend on oxygen to breathe...”可知本段主要讲人们呼吸产生的二氧化碳将如何被处理，故选D。
4．最佳标题题。本文主要讲去太空应做的准备，包括输入和输出两个部分，故选A。
（2022秋·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末）My new master’s name was Jeremiah Barker, but everyone called him Jerry. His wife was called Polly and they had two children, a boy called Harry and a little girl called Dolly. The Barkers were a very happy family.
Jerry had a cab（出租马车）of his own, and two horses, which he drove by himself. His other horse was a tall, white, large-boned animal called “Captain”. He was old now.
I never knew a better man than my new master. He liked singing to himself. One of the songs was this: “Come, father and mother. And sister and brother. Come, all of you, turn to. And help one another.”
And so they did; Harry was as clever as a much older boy at stable-work, and always wanted to do what he could. Then Polly and Dolly used to come in the morning to help with the cab while Jerry was giving us a cleaning in the yard, and Harry was rubbing the harness（擦马具）
The next morning Harry and Dolly came into the yard to see me and make friends. I loved it when they patted me and spoke in gentle voices.
“Let’s call him ‘Jack’, shall we, Harry?” said Dolly. “Yes, Let’s,” said Harry.
The first week of my life as Jack, the London cab horse was very hard. The noise and the people and the traffic on the streets frightened me. But Jerry was a very good driver, and that helped a lot. Jerry soon found that I was ready to work hard and do my best, and he didn’t whip（鞭打）me.
He kept us very clean, and gave us as much food as we wanted. But the best thing was that we had Sundays off.
（Adapted from Black Beauty《黑骏马》）
5．Who is the Jack’s new master?
A．Jerry B．Polly C．Harry D．Dolly.
6．How many people are there in Jack’s new master’s family?
A．3 B．4 C．5 D．6
7．The underlined word “He” is ________.
A．Jerry B．a cab C．Captain D．Harry.
8．We can infer（推断）that Jack’s master is ________.
A．kind B．an American C．a singer D．old
9．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The master didn’t like singing. B．The two horses could only eat little food every day.
C．The horse could have a rest after a week’s work. D．Harry was foolish.

【答案】5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C

【导语】本文节选自《黑骏马》，介绍了黑骏马遇到新主人之后的生活。
5．细节理解题。根据“My new master’s name was Jeremiah Barker, but everyone called him Jerry.”可知Jerry是Jack的新主人，故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据“His wife was called Polly and they had two children, a boy called Harry and a little girl called Dolly”可知Jerry家里有四个人，故选B。
7．词义猜测题。根据“His other horse was a tall, white, large-boned animal called ‘Captain’”可知此处的“He”指的是“Captain”，故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据“The noise and the people and the traffic on the streets frightened me. But Jerry was a very good driver, and that helped a lot. Jerry soon found that I was ready to work hard and do my best, and he didn’t whip（鞭打）me.”（街上的噪音、人群和交通使我害怕。但Jerry是个好司机，这帮了大忙。Jerry很快就发现我已经做好了努力工作、全力以赴的准备，于是他没有鞭打我。）可推知Jack的主人是善良的，故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据“He kept us very clean, and gave us as much food as we wanted. But the best thing was that we had Sundays off.”（他让我们保持干净，给我们想要多少吃多少。但最好的事情是我们星期天休息。）可知马在一周的工作后可以休息下，故选C。
（2023·江苏镇江·八年级校考阶段练习）When visiting Denmark, to go from one destination to another, tourists can choose many different types of transport to car or even bicycle.
Most international flights will arrive at Copenhagen airport. There is still no direct flight from Vietnam to Denmark. Round-trip ticket from Vietnam to Denmark is about 1200 USD to 1600 USD including tax. If traveling to Denmark from Germany or Jutland Peninsula of Denmark, tourists can choose bus or tramcar. From there, tourists go to Zealand Iceland and Copenhagen by Oresund Link Zealand bridge.
In Denmark, there are not so many domestic flights. Besides, the fact that more and more trains are in operation makes traveling by airplane not very convenient.
Most cities in Denmark have buses and tramcars. This public transportation helps tourists a lot in traveling around the city. Denmark has a very convenient tram system and the ticket price is also affordable.
When renting car in Denmark, tourist should always keep in mind that driving on the right side and wearing seat belt are compulsory. Renting bicycle to travel is also a good option because the flat topographic (地形) in Denmark is pretty ideal for riding a bicycle. Tourists can rent a bicycle in Tourist Information offices.
In Copenhagen, tourists can rent a bicycle for free. You just have to deposit 20—30 krone and your deposit will be returned when you return the bicycle. There are more than 100 bicycle renting spots in the city.
10．How much does it possibly cost to fly from Vietnam to Denmark including tax?
A．700 USD． B．900 USD． C．1200 USD． D．2400 USD．
11．What makes traveling by airplane in Denmark not very convenient?
A．There are not so many domestic flights in Denmark.
B．More and more trains are in operation.
C．Most cities in Denmark have buses and tramcars.
D．Both A and B．
12．What’s the meaning of the underlined word in the last paragraph?
A．存款 B．押金 C．利息 D．本金

【答案】10．A 11．B 12．B

【导语】本文主要介绍了在丹麦游玩的交通工具。
10．推理判断题。根据“Round-trip ticket from Vietnam to Denmark is about 1200 USD to 1600 USD including tax.”可知，从越南到丹麦的含税的往返机票价为1200美元至1600美元，由此可推测，若是从越南到丹麦的单程机票价可能是700美元。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据“Besides, the fact that more and more trains are in operation makes traveling by airplane not very convenient.”可知，越来越多运行的火车使得在丹麦乘飞机旅行变得很不方便。故选B。
12．词义猜测题。根据“In Copenhagen, tourists can rent a bicycle for free. You just have to deposit 20—30 krone and your deposit will be returned when you return the bicycle.”可知，游客可以在哥本哈根免费租一辆自行车，当你还车时，你所交的20至30克朗也会被退还，由此猜测划线单词deposit意为“押金”。故选B。
（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级校考期末）In 2020, an illness called COVID-19 changed the way we live. The disease moved fast because people can catch it from one another and many don’t even know they have it. Some new rules have come to our everyday life. Right now, you should:
Wash your hands often
◆ Wash your hands with running water. Make sure you wash your hands for at least 20 seconds.
◆ It’s very important to wash: before eating or cooking food; before touching (触摸) your face; after blowing your nose or coughing.
◆ Do not touch your eyes, nose or mouth if your hands are dirty.
Keep distance (距离) from others
◆ Inside your home: Don’t be too close to sick people.
◆ Outside your home: Keep at least 1 meter of distance from other people.
Cover your mouth and nose with a mask in public places
◆ The mask can protect both yourself and other people.
◆ Make sure that your mask fits and be sure to wear your mask properly.
In the future, the virus may no longer be a problem. But some of these rules may remain (保留) necessary.
13．How does the COVID-19 move?
A．Slowly. B．Quickly. C．Difficultly. D．Hardly.
14．Which one is NOT suitable for washing hands?
A．Wash hands for 3 seconds. B．Use running water to wash hands
C．Wash hands after coughing. D．Wash hands before your meals.
15．Which picture shows the good distance when talking with others according to the passage?
A． B． C． D．
16．Why may these rules remain necessary in the future?
A．To remember COVID-19. B．To keep healthy habits.
C．To keep away from others. D．To protect other people.
17．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．New Disease in 2020 B．Keeping Right Distance
C．Washing Hands Often D．New Rules in Everyday Life

【答案】13．B 14．A 15．C 16．B 17．D

【导语】本文主要介绍了新冠病毒出现后，人们日常生活多了一些新规来预防病毒，告知人们应该多洗手，保持距离和在公共场所要戴口罩。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段的“The disease moved fast because people can catch it…”可知，the disease代指前文的COVID-19，病毒传播是很迅速的，fast的同义词是quickly。故选B。
14．细节理解题。从文章第四行“Make sure you wash your hands for at least 20 seconds.”可知，洗手至少要20秒，而A选项中说洗3秒，是不合适的。故选A。
15．细节理解题。从文章第七段“Inside your home: Don’t be too close to sick people.”和第八段“Outside your home: Keep at least 1 meter of distance from other people.”可知，在室内时不能太靠近病人，在室外时要保持至少1米的社交距离，C选项符合。故选C。
16．推理判断题。结合文章首尾段可知，新规矩是为了预防新冠病毒才实施的，目的是为了人们能够有健康的生活习惯来预防病毒。故选B。
17．标题归纳题。本文介绍了几种为了预防新冠病毒而应该在日常生活中实行的新规定。故选D。
（2023·江苏淮安·八年级校考阶段练习）John was nine years old, and he was a very bad boy, but his mother always wanted him to be better, Then one day, after he came back from school, John’s teacher called his mother on the phone and said, “Did you know, Mrs Green, that John saved another boy when he fell into the river while we were out for a walk this morning?” Mrs Green was very happy when she heard this, she thought, “John is becoming a good boy.” Then she turned to him and said, “That was your teacher, why were you so brave to save one of your friends when he fell into the river this morning?” But John did not look very happy when he heard this. His face turned very red, and said, “Well, I really had to pull (拉) him out, because I pushed him in.”
18．John was a student, wasn’t he?
A．No, he wasn’t B．No, he was C．Yes, he was D．Yes, he wasn’t
19．The teacher told John’s mother about John ________.
A．by a note B．by a letter C．over the radio D．over the telephone
20．His mother wanted him to be ________.
A．a bad boy B．a good boy C．a clever boy D．a foolish boy
21．When did the teacher call John’s mother?
A．Before class B．After class C．On Sunday D．At night
22．John’s face turned red because he thought he ________.
A．was wrong B．was right C．was ill D．wasn’t ill

【答案】18．C 19．D 20．B 21．B 22．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了坏男孩约翰的一件事。
18．细节理解题。根据“after he came back from school, John’s teacher called his mother on the phone and said”可知，约翰是一名学生。对于反问句的回答，前后必须一致。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据“John’s teacher called his mother on the phone”可知，约翰的老师给他妈妈打电话。故选D。
20．细节理解题。根据“John was nine years old, and he was a very bad boy, but his mother always wanted him to be better”可知，约翰的妈妈想让他做一个好男孩。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据“Then one day, after he came back from school, John’s teacher called his mother on the phone”可知，老师是在放学后给他妈妈打的电话。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“His face turned very red, and said, ‘Well, I really had to pull (拉) him out, because I pushed him in.’”可推测，他觉得自己做的不对。故选A。
（2023·江苏盐城·八年级景山中学校考阶段练习）Do you often listen to music at loud volumes? You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss due to listening to loud noise for long periods of time, said WHO. Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.
The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 decibels (dB, 分贝) for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB．
Loud noise is harmful to the inner ear (内耳). Most of us are born with about 16,000 hair cells (听毛细胞) in our inner ears. These cells detect (探测) sounds. However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss.
Some people might think that their music isn’t all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. Later, when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place, you might feel uncomfortable.
WHO said the “safe level” for most sound is below 80 decibels for up to 40 hours a week. A level of 80 decibels is roughly equal to the noise of a subway.
23．According to WHO’s advice, it is NOT safe to ________.
A．listen to music every day B．watch TV for over an hour
C．go to a rock concert with headphones on D．listen to loud sounds for a long time
24．The sound level of a busy road is about ________.
A．15 dB B．100 dB C．85 dB D．115 dB
25．Listening to loud music causes hearing problems because ________.
A．it puts our brains under great pressure B．it causes hair cells in the inner ear to die
C．it prevents our ears from resting D．people will get used to listening to loud sounds
26．What does the fifth paragraph tell us?
A．People don’t always realize how loud their environment is.
B．It’s likely you listen to loud music in noisy places.
C．People are likely to listen to music on the subway.
D．People love to listen to loud music.

【答案】23．D 24．C 25．B 26．A

【导语】本文主要讲述了听大音量的音乐对听力有害，大多数声音的“安全水平”是低于80分贝并且每周最多40小时。
23．细节理解题。根据“Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss due to listening to loud noise for long periods of time, said WHO.”可知长时间听大的声音会损害你的听力。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB…”可知繁忙道路的声音约为85分贝。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss.”可知长时间听太大的噪音会使内耳的细胞工作过度，导致一些细胞死亡，从而导致听力问题。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据“…if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it.”可知你在嘈杂的地方可能会把音乐开得太大而没有意识到，本段说明人们并不总是意识到他们的环境声音有多大。故选A。
（2023·江苏扬州·八年级校考阶段练习）Giant pandas have been living on Earth for millions of years. Other animals that lived long ago, such as stegodons and smilodons, have since died out. But we still have pandas with us today. Pandas can change their diets to fit into different environments, according to Wei Fuwen from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
    Researchers studied the bones of 12 giant panda fossils (化石). They found that pandas went from being meat eaters to becoming plant eaters over time. They mainly ate bamboo, as they still do today. Other large meat eaters had no interest in bamboo, so pandas could live safely in bamboo forests. That is one of the reasons why they have been around for so long.w
    In addition, pandas are very strong and have great bite force (咬合力). They can also climb trees. Both of these abilities helped them stay alive in the past.
    However, pandas are facing some problems. There are fewer pandas in the world today. They are dying out mainly because of habitat loss. People have cut down forests to build houses and farms. This has caused pandas to lose both their food and their homes.
    Pandas also have problems giving birth to babies. Female pandas can only get pregnant (怀孕) once a year and they are very choosy about their mates. And because they mainly eat bamboo, their milk is low in nutrients (营养). This makes it harder for their babies to survive.
27．According to Wei Fuwen, pandas haven’t died out because they ________.
A．have thick fur to live through the cold weather B．can change their diets to fit into new environment
C．can run fast to escape from their enemies D．can kill other bigger animals around them
28．What is the main problem pandas are facing now?
A．Climate change. B．Natural enemies. C．The loss of their habitat. D．Dangerous diseases.
29．Female pandas can get pregnant ________.
A．twice every five years B．once a year C．twice a year D．three times every four years
30．According to the story, it is hard for baby pandas to survive because ________.
A．panda milk is low in nutrients B．their parents don’t take care of them
C．they are very short when they’re born D．they aren’t used to cold weather

【答案】27．B 28．C 29．B 30．A

【导语】本文主要介绍了和大熊猫相关的信息。
27．细节理解题。根据“Pandas can change their diets to fit into different environments, according to Wei Fuwen from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.”可知熊猫没有灭绝是应为它们可以改变饮食以适应不同的环境。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据“They are dying out mainly because of habitat loss.”可知它们面临的主要问题是栖息地的丧失。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“Female pandas can only get pregnant (怀孕) once a year”可知是一年怀一次孕。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据“ And because they mainly eat bamboo, their milk is low in nutrients (营养). This makes it harder for their babies to survive.”可知因为他们主要吃竹子，所以他们的牛奶营养成分很低，这使他们的婴儿更难生存。故选A。
（2023·江苏扬州·八年级校考阶段练习）Chinese tourists flock（涌入）to Morocco during Spring Festival.
In the Chinese restaurant of Chefchaouen, one of the top tourist attractions（旅游景点）in Morocco, an area of less than 100 square meters was full of more than a hundred Chinese tourists, with a lot more waiting outside, during the Chinese Spring Festival.
“Boss, can I have my Kung-Pao Chicken now?” “Boss, is my beef noodles ready?” Some visitors were not patient enough to wait long for their ordered foods. Restaurant owner said that during the Spring Festival, her business was much better than usual.
Another Chinese restaurant owner in Fes, Morocco’s central city, had the same experience. The waiters said during the Spring Festival, a large number of Chinese tourists waited in lines for meals every day.
In the southern Moroccan town of Marrakech, tourist buses full of Chinese tourists can be found everywhere during the Spring Festival.
In Majorelle Garden, a famous tourist attraction, two girls from Ningbo, a city in East China’s Zhejiang province, said they chose Morocco as their Spring Festival travel place to taste the country’s special food.
Morocco’s Minister of Tourism Mohamed Sajid said it hopes to attract（吸引）500,000 Chinese tourists each year by 2020.
Sajid also said Morocco is working to improve hotels, transports and tourist reception. He said direct flights between Morocco and China are being discussed, which is one of the key factors to attract Chinese tourists.
31．Where can we probably find this article?
A．In a newspaper. B．In a sports magazine. C．In a storybook. D．In a cookbook.
32．What do the two girls from Ningbo come to Morocco for?
A．shopping B．Chinese restaurants C．Moroccan food D．tourist attractions
33．Which is one of the key factors to attract Chinese visitors?
A．hotels B．transports C．food D．direct flights
34．We can infer from the passage that _________.
A．Sajid is the president of Morocco.
B．Chinese restaurants in Morocco can make much money during the Spring Festival.
C．Kung-Pao Chicken may be a kind of Moroccan food.
D．There are not many Chinese tourists in Fes.

【答案】31．A 32．C 33．D 34．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了许多中国人在春节期间涌入摩洛哥，将其作为春节的旅游目的地；在春节期间，中国游客在摩洛哥的热门旅游景点随处可见；当地的中餐馆游客也络绎不绝；摩洛哥将积极发展旅游业，中国和摩洛哥的直飞航班是吸引中国游客的关键因素之一。
31．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，整篇文章是介绍摩洛哥的旅游业，是关于旅游方面的文章，有可能会在报纸上看到。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“said they chose Morocco as their Spring Festival travel place to taste the country's special food.”可知，这两名女生春节期间来摩洛哥的目的是品尝当地的特色美食。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“He said direct flights between Morocco and China are being discussed, which is one of the key factors to attract Chinese tourists.”可知，吸引中国游客的关键因素之一是摩洛哥和中国之间的直飞航班。故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据文章第二段整段内容可知，在春节期间去摩洛哥旅游的中国游客络绎不绝，在其中一处热门的中餐厅遍布着中国游客，中国饭店生意很好，可以推测春节期间当地热门中餐馆会赚很多钱。故选B。
（2023·江苏无锡·八年级校考阶段练习）A group of swans flew down to a beach where a crow was jumping around. The crow watched them with disdain.
“You have no flying skills at all!” he said to the swans. “All you can do is to move your wings. Can you turn over in the air? No, I don’t think you can do it! Let’s have a flying competition. I’ll show you what real flying is!”
One of the swans, a strong young male, took up the challenge. The crow flew up and began to show his skills. He flew in circles, performed other flying tricks, and then came down and looked proudly at the swan.
Now it was the swan’s turn. He flew up, and began flying over the sea. The crow flew after him, making all kinds of comments (评价) about his flying. They flew on and on till they couldn’t see the land and there was nothing but water on all sides. The crow was making fewer and fewer comments. He was now so tired that he found it hard to stay in the air, and had to struggle (挣扎) to keep himself from falling into the water.
The swan pretended not to notice, and said, “Why do you keep touching the water, brother? Is that another trick?”
“No,” said the crow. He knew he had lost the competition. “I’m in trouble because of my pride! If you don’t help me, I’ll lose my life...”
The swan took pity on him, and took him on his shoulders and flew back to the beach.
35．What’s the correct order of the following events?
a. The crow followed the swan and got into trouble.
b. The swan felt pity for the crow and saved it.
c. The crow had to ask the swan for help.
d. The swan accepted a challenge of performance flying tricks.
A．a, d, b, c B．a, b, d, c C．d, a, c, b D．d, c, a, b
36．What does the underlined word disdain in Paragraph 1mean?
A．开心 B．鄙夷 C．兴奋 D．悲伤
37．We can infer (推测) from the passage that ________.
A．the swans have no flying skills at all
B．flying skills were useless
C．the swan saved the crow because he took pity on him
D．the swan was better at long-distanced (长距离) flying than the crow
38．What do we learn from the passage?
A．Pride goes before a fall. B．The early bird catches the worm.
C．No pains, no gains. D．Practice makes perfect.

【答案】35．C 36．B 37．D 38．A

【导语】本文讲述了乌鸦和天鹅比赛的故事，告诉我们骄傲使人落后的道理。
35．细节理解题。根据“One of the swans, a strong young male, took up the challenge.”可知，首先天鹅接受了挑战，即d；根据“One of the swans, a strong young male, took up the challenge... He was now so tired that he found it hard to stay in the air, and had to struggle (挣扎) to keep himself from falling into the water.”可知，乌鸦跟着天鹅，陷入了麻烦，即a；根据“I’m in trouble because of my pride! If you don’t help me, I’ll lose my life...”可知，乌鸦向天鹅求助，即c；根据“The swan took pity on him, and took him on his shoulders and flew back to the beach.”可知，最后天鹅救了乌鸦，即b。因此事件正确的顺序为d, a, c, b。故选C。
36．词义猜测题。根据“‘You have no flying skills at all!’ he said to the swans.”可知，乌鸦鄙夷地看着天鹅，划线单词表示“鄙夷”。故选B。
37．推理判断题。根据“He knew he had lost the competition. ‘I’m in trouble because of my pride! If you don’t help me, I’ll lose my life...’”及“The swan took pity on him, and took him on his shoulders and flew back to the beach.”可知，天鹅比乌鸦更擅长于长距离飞行。故选D。
38．主旨大意题。根据“He knew he had lost the competition. ‘I’m in trouble because of my pride! If you don’t help me, I’ll lose my life...’”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了骄傲自大的乌鸦与天鹅进行飞行比赛，最终输给了天鹅，从而告诉我们骄兵必败的道理。故选A。
（2023·江苏扬州·八年级校考阶段练习）There was a big tree more than several hundred years old located in the middle of a dry land. There was no other tree but the old one gave shelter and shade to thousands of travellers.
One day, two travellers were travelling from far away. They were walking for several miles on a hot day. They started their journey from early morning and it was almost mid-noon. They could not walk any more. They were completely exhausted! Luckily, they reached the tree. They decided to take a rest under the tree. They slept for some time happily, enjoying the cool wind.
They felt hungry and one of the travelers decided to climb the branches to see if the tree has any fruit. Since it is not a fruit-bearing tree, the traveller became angry because of hunger and shouted at the tree, “Oh, this is just a useless tree and it has nothing to feed us, not even a fruit or even nuts!”
When the other traveller heard his words, he asked him to stay cool, “You can’t be so ungrateful（忘恩负义的）to the tree. Just look back at the condition when you reached here in the hot and dry sun! The tree offered you a cool and comfortable place to rest and sleep with cool wind. If it’s not here when you are very tired, you would have died now! The tree saved you from the hot sun, but what you said makes me feel really sorry for you!”      The first traveller realised his mistake and said sorry to the tree.
39．What did the tree provide the two travellers with? ________.
A．Some nuts B．Some fruit C．Some shade D．Some water
40．Which of the following about the tree is NOT true?
A．It is the only living tree in the dry land.
B．It is a fruit-bearing tree with lots of fruit.
C．It offers people a cool and comfortable place to rest.
D．The tree has grown for several hundred years.
41．The underlined word “exhausted” means that ________.
A．神采奕奕的 B．豁达大度的 C．谦虚谨慎的 D．精疲力竭的
42．The story mainly tells us that ________.
A．the first traveller isn’t a polite man
B．it's cool to rest under a shade in a dry land
C．we should try our best to save and protect every tree
D．we should be thankful to anyone/anything that has helped us

【答案】39．C 40．B 41．D 42．D

【导语】本文讲述了一棵老树帮助旅行者提供庇护和荫凉，因为不结果子被骂，后来旅行者意识到应当感谢而不是责骂这一棵树的故事。
39．细节理解题。根据“There was no other tree but the old one gave shelter and shade to thousands of travellers.”可知，这棵树为旅行者提供了庇护和荫凉。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据“Since it is not a fruit-bearing tree, the traveller became angry”可知，这不是一棵结果子的树。故选B。
41．词句猜测题。根据“They could not walk any more. They were completely exhausted!”可知，他们再也走不动了，可推知已经筋疲力尽了。划线词“exhausted”意为“精疲力竭的”。故选D。
42．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一棵老树帮助旅行者提供庇护和荫凉，因为不结果子被骂，后来旅行者意识到应当感谢而不是责骂这一棵树的故事。由此可知我们应该感谢帮助过我们的任何人/任何事。故选D。
（2022秋·江苏宿迁·八年级校考期末）For some students, getting better grades can seem like an impossible task sometimes. With the challenges(挑战) of school, just paying attention in class or studying hard isn’t always enough. But what if there were other ways for students to improve their grades? For parents and students who have ever wondered if this is possible, now you can rest easy. Research suggests that a person who likes doing activities can improve their grades.
Scientists think that those students who are active are not just exercising their bodies, but also exercising their brains(大脑). In turn, they can be able to improve their grades at school.
In the most recent study, researchers found that when children played for half an hour each day, they were better at organizing(组织) their schoolwork as well as doing project work and learning traditionally “difficult” subjects, such as maths.
What does this mean for children who aren’t active? Researchers think that if kids don’t get enough activities, they are going to be at a disadvantage when it comes to school performance.
In the research experiment, a group of children skipped with ropes(跳绳), played basketball and did a number of other games or exercises. Another group of children didn’t do any activities. They took part in testing both before experiment and after the experiment. Testing was mainly for maths and reading skills. Results showed that the children in the activity group did better on the tests than those who had no activity.
All work and no play will not only make Jack a dull(迟钝的) boy, but will also negatively(消极地) affect his grades in school, according to a new study published in the Journal of Pediatrics.
Parents complain(抱怨) children today are actually less active and they always worry about their grades. Dr. Belton, an expert, said, “If you’d like to see your kids do better in school, have them close their books, set down their pencils and go outside to play.”
43．What does the underlined words “rest easy” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Stop worrying. B．Keep working. C．Continue learning. D．Study hard.
44．In Paragraph 5, what does the research experiment want to show us?
A．Doing activities is bad for the students.
B．Doing more homework can get better marks.
C．The children in the activity group did better on the tests.
D．Children who didn’t do any activities did better on the tests.
45．To help children get better grades, parents should ________.
A．ask the researchers for help B．help them to organize their schoolwork
C．encourage them to do more activities D．let them solve problems by themselves
46．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Studying hard. B．Taking part in testing.
C．Doing activities is interesting. D．Being active is helpful for better grades.

【答案】43．A 44．C 45．C 46．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了最新的一个研究表明，喜欢做运动的人可以提高成绩。
43．词义猜测题。根据“For parents and students who have ever wondered if this is possible, now you can rest easy.”可知，对于那些曾经怀疑这是否可行的家长和学生来说，现在你可以高枕无忧了，故“rest easy”指的是“高枕无忧，大放宽心”，故选A。
44．段落大意题。根据“Results showed that the children in the activity group did better on the tests than those who had no activity.”可知，活动组的儿童比没有活动的儿童表现更好，故选C。
45． 细节理解题。根据“If you’d like to see your kids do better in school, have them close their books, set down their pencils and go outside to play.”可知，为了帮助孩子取得更好的成绩，父母应该鼓励孩子们多出去活动，故选C。
46．最佳标题题。根据短文内容可知，介绍的是参加户外活动的好处，结合最后博士的建议“If you’d like to see your kids do better in school, have them close their books, set down their pencils and go outside to play.”可知，本文主要是说明积极运动有助于取得更好的成绩，故选D。
（2022秋·江苏扬州·八年级校考期末）A mother held her new baby and very slowly rocked him back and forth, back and forth, back and forth. And while she held him, she sang:
I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always.
As long as I’m living, my baby you’ll be.
The little boy grew. He grew until he was nine years old. And he never wanted to come in for dinner, he never wanted to take a bath, and when grandma visited, he always said bad words. Sometimes his mother wanted to sell him to the zoo!
The boy grew. He grew until he was a teenager. He had strange friends and he wore strange clothes and he listened to strange music. Sometimes the mother felt like she was in a zoo!
That teenager grew. He grew until he was a grown-up man. He left home and got a house across town.
Well, that mother, she got older. She got older and older and older. One day she called up her son and said, “You’d better come to see me because I’m very old and sick.”
So her son came to see her. When he came in the door she tried to sing the song:
I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always.
But she couldn’t finish because she was too old and sick.
The son went to his mother. He held her in his arms very slowly rocked him back and forth, back and forth, back and forth. And he sang this song:
I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always.
As long as I’m living, my Mommy you’ll be.
47．This story is about ________.
A．mother and son B．father and son C．mother and daughter D．father and daughter
48．From the underlined sentences, we can know that the boy might ________ when young.
A．make much trouble B．have good manners C．show love properly D．show gift in sports
49．The underlined phrase “As long as” means similar to ________?
A．since B．if C．while D．though
50．Which of the following is NOT true according to this article?
A．The boy had strange friends when he was a teenager.
B．The boy didn’t live with his mother when he grew up.
C．The boy’s return showed his love for his mom in the end.
D．The boy’s mother sold him to the zoo when he was nine years old.

【答案】47．A 48．A 49．B 50．D

【导语】本文主要讲述了一位母亲与儿子的故事，文中有一首表达爱的歌曲，它伴随着男孩的成长，虽然男孩成长过程中比较调皮捣蛋，但是最终母亲收获了爱的回报。
47．细节理解题。根据“A mother held her new baby and very slowly rocked him back and forth, back and forth, back and forth.”和“The son went to his mother. He held her in his arms very slowly rocked him back and forth, back and forth, back and forth.”，以及通读全文后可知，这是一个关于一对母子的故事。故选A。
48．推理判断题。根据“The little boy grew. He grew until he was nine years old. And he never wanted to come in for dinner...he always said bad words.”和“The boy grew. He grew until he was a teenager. He had strange friends and he wore strange clothes and he listened to strange music.”可知，这个九岁的男孩不想进来吃晚饭，不想洗澡，奶奶来家里的时候，他又总是说脏话，而当男孩成长为一位青少年时，他结交的是奇怪的朋友，穿奇怪的衣服，以及听奇怪的音乐，结合划线句子“有时候他的妈妈想把他卖到动物园去！”和“有时候这位妈妈感觉自己就像在动物园里！” 可推断出这个男孩在年轻的时候可能惹了许多麻烦。故选A。
49．词义猜测题。根据“I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always.As long as I’m living, my baby you’ll be.”可知，此处的歌词表达的是“我永远爱你，永远喜欢你。只要我活着，你就是我的宝贝。” 划线词组As long as意为“只要”，选项B“如果，要是”与其表达的意义相近。故选B。
50．细节理解题。根据“Sometimes his mother wanted to sell him to the zoo!”可知，有时他的妈妈想把他卖到动物园去，但只是“想”，而并没有真正这么去做，所以选项D“在男孩九岁的时候，他的妈妈把他卖给了动物园。” 表述错误。故选D。
（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级校考期末）Australia is located in the southern part of the earth. So when it is a hot summer there, we have a cold weather here. The weather there is neither too hot nor too cold. In many places of this beautiful land, you can either take a walk in the rain forests(热带雨林) or go for a swim in its warm seas. The capital of Australia is Canberra instead of Sydney. Sydney is the largest city of Australia.
Australia is always a farming country. People usually call it “a country on sheep’s back”. There, you can find lots of sheep and kangaroos(袋鼠). Alice Spring and Ayers Rock are two interesting places in the center of the country. You may not believe that Ayers Rock changes its colour in the sunlight if you do not see it for yourself. So, when you go travelling around Australia, there will be lots of places to visit.
51．What’s the capital of Australia?
A．Sydney B．Canberra C．Tokyo D．Melbourne(墨尔本)
52．Why do people usually call it “a country on sheep’s back”?
A．Because it’s always a farming country.
B．Because people like sheep very much.
C．Because you can find lots of sheep there.
D．Because there are two interesting places in the center of the country.
53．How many interesting places are there in the centre of the country?
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
54．What’s the weather like in Australia?
A．Too hot. B．Too cold. C．Neither too hot nor too cold. D．Rainy.
55．What will happen when Ayers Rock is in the sunlight?
A．Nothing will happen. B．It will be shiny.
C．It will be the same as it is. D．It will change its colour.

【答案】51．B 52．C 53．A 54．C 55．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚是一个美丽的国家，是旅游的好地方。
51．细节理解题。根据“The capital of Australia is Canberra instead of Sydney.”可知澳大利亚的首都是堪培拉，故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据“There, you can find lots of sheep and kangaroos.”可知澳大利亚有很多羊，所以被称为“羊背上的国家”。故选C。
53．细节理解题。根据“Alice Spring and Ayers Rock are two interesting places in the center of the country. ”可知艾丽斯斯普林斯和艾尔斯岩石是澳大利亚的两个景点。故选A。
54．细节理解题。根据“The weather there is neither too hot nor too cold.”可知那里的天气不冷不热。故选C。
55．细节理解题。根据“Ayers Rock changes its colour in the sunlight if you do not see it for yourself.”可知艾尔斯岩石在阳光下会变色。故选D。
（2023·江苏无锡·八年级校考阶段练习）Iceland lies in the North Atlantic Ocean. It lies between 63°24’ and 66°33’ N and between 13°30’ and 24°2’ W. It is the second largest island in Europe. It is close to the Arctic Circle (北极圈) yet in fact only one of its northerly islands lies inside. The country has a total area of 103,000 square kilometers and a coastline of about 6,600 km. The island is 300 km wide from north to south, and 500 km across from west to east.
From 1262 to 1944 Iceland was ruled first by Norway and then by Denmark. Centuries of foreign rule, and such things as volcanoes (火山) and the weather, made life very difficult at times for the Icelanders, there was lots of hard work and little change. The situation began to improve during the nineteenth century. Then in 1944 Iceland became an independent republic (独立国家); since that time it has become a quite rich country where the people enjoy having cars, modern houses and lots of electrical equipment. If you look at the kind of products that Iceland sells to other countries today—fish, meat, wool and so on—it’s easy to see that both the sea and the land are important to Icelanders. This has been true in fact since the time of the first Icelanders—Vikings from Norway who arrived in AD 874.
Some things in the lives of the Icelanders have hardly changed—the Icelandic language, for example, 700 years ago the stories called Sagas were first written down, these can still be read in the old language without much difficulty by Icelandic speakers today.
56．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To invite people to come and visit Iceland. B．To introduce something about Iceland.
C．To show the culture of Iceland. D．To show the long history of Iceland.
57．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A．There’re great changes in Icelanders’ living conditions.
B．Icelanders sell different kinds of local products abroad.
C．The living conditions in Iceland are unsuitable for people to live.
D．The Icelanders work hard to sell their products.
58．Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
A．Iceland is not the largest island in the world.
B．Iceland is a country of many small islands.
C．Iceland is quite a modern country now.
D．Iceland has been an independent republic since Vikings began to live there.
59．What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
A．It is the second largest island in Europe.
B．Great changes have taken place in Iceland since the nineteenth century.
C．The Icelandic language changed a lot over the years.
D．The sea and the land are important to Icelanders.
60．In what type of book we can read the passage?
A．Novel. B．Science. C．History. D．Travel.

【答案】56．B 57．A 58．D 59．B 60．D

【导语】本文介绍了冰岛，包括其地理位置、历史、经济和文化。
56．推理判断题。通读全文后，可知该文章介绍了冰岛，包括其地理位置、历史、经济和文化，所以文章就是想要向人们介绍一些有关冰岛的事情。故选B。
57．段落大意题。根据第二段中“Centuries of foreign rule, and such things as volcanoes (火山) and the weather, made life very difficult at times for the Icelanders, there was lots of hard work and little change. The situation began to improve during the nineteenth century.”及通读第二段可知，几个世纪的外国统治，以及火山和天气等，使得冰岛人的生活有时变得非常困难，而这种情况在19世纪期间开始好转，1944年冰岛成为一个独立共和国，从那时起，冰岛已成为了一个相当富裕的国家，人们喜欢拥有汽车、现代房屋等，所以第二段主要讲述了冰岛人的生活条件发生了巨大的变化。故选A。
58．细节理解题。根据“Then in 1944 Iceland became an independent republic (独立国家)”和“Vikings from Norway who arrived in AD 874”可知，维京人在公元874到达冰岛，那时的冰岛还不是一个独立共和国。故选D。
59．推理判断题。根据“Centuries of foreign rule, and such things as volcanoes (火山) and the weather, made life very difficult at times for the Icelanders, there was lots of hard work and little change. The situation began to improve during the nineteenth century.”可知，在19世纪前冰岛人的生活非常艰难，但在19世纪期间情况有所改善，由此可推测，自从19世纪那时开始，冰岛发生了巨大的变化。故选B。
60．推理判断题。通读全文，可知本文向人们介绍了冰岛，由此可推测，可以在关于旅行的书中看到这篇介绍冰岛的文章。故选D。
（2022秋·江苏扬州·八年级校联考期末）Paper or plastic? _________________.
Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic(塑料) straws(吸管) and bags. More and more businesses are switching to paper products as an alternative(替代品). Paper is considered by many to be better than plastic. However, it, too, is harmful to the environment.
Firstly, paper bags and straws are made from trees. Trees, as you know, can reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere. They can slow down climate change. An increase in the use of paper bags can cause more deforestation.
Secondly, the production of paper items needs more energy and water. About 10% more energy and four times as much water is used to produce a paperback than a plastic one. You might say that we can use recycled(可循环使用的) paper to save the energy and water. This seems to be a good idea. However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process than to make a brand new paper bag. Products made from recycled paper are also often short-lived.
Furthermore, paper products are heavier than plastic ones. That means they require more fuel to transport. Seven trucks are needed to transport 2 million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags. The increased weight also leads to a large amount of waste once the bags are thrown away.
Paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are more expensive than plastic products. A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents.
The most environment-friendly solution is to avoid(避免) single-use items altogether. Products like glass water bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products. Through increasing the use of these items, you can greatly reduce your throw away waste and truly make our earth a greener place.
61．According to the article, we may fill in blanks in the title with “________”.
A．Both B．Either C．Neither D．Any
62．The underlined word “deforestation” (in Para 2) probably means the act of ________.
A．planting trees B．climbing trees C．protecting trees D．cutting down trees
63．Compared(和……相比较)  with transporting 2 million plastic bags, transporting 2 million paper bags requires ________.
A．fewer trucks B．six more trucks
C．twice as many trucks D．the same number of trucks
64．By writing this article, the author mainly wanted to ________.
①compare plastic products with paper ones
②correct people’s wrong ideas about paper products
③suggest people use reusable products like steel straws
④listed advantages and disadvantages of using paper products
A．①② B．③④ C．②③ D．①④

【答案】61．C 62．D 63．B 64．C

【导语】本文主要讲了纸制品对环境的危害，并建议人们使用可以重复利用的产品。
61．推理判断题。根据第一段中“However, it, too, is harmful to the environment.”然而，纸制品也对环境有害，以及最后一段中“The most environment-friendly solution is to avoid(避免) single-use items altogether.”最环保的解决方案是完全避免使用一次性物品。可知，无论纸还是塑料都不环保，最环保的方案是避免使用一次性物品。故可推出应用Neither“两者都不”，来否定。故选C。
62．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Firstly, paper bags and straws are made from trees. Trees, as you know, can reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere. They can slow down climate change.”纸袋和吸管是由树木制成的，树木可以减缓气候变化；因此纸袋使用的增加会导致更多的森林砍伐。可推出deforestation表示的是砍树。故选D。
63．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Seven trucks are needed to transport 2 million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags.”运输200万个纸袋需要7辆卡车，而运输相同数量的塑料袋只需要一辆卡车。可知，与运输200万个塑料袋相比，运输200万个纸袋需要多六倍的卡车。故选B。
64．作者意图题。根据第一段中“However, it, too, is harmful to the environment.”然而，纸制品也对环境有害，可知作者想要更正人们对于纸制品的错误观点；又根据最后一段中“The most environment-friendly solution is to avoid(避免) single-use items altogether. Products like glass water bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again.”最环保的解决方案是完全避免使用一次性物品，像玻璃水瓶和钢吸管这样的产品可以反复使用。作者还建议人们使用可循环的产品。故选C。

（2022春·江苏苏州·八年级校考期末）“Colour, colour, colour!” are the words of the artist Eric Carle. Eric is like the king in the world of children’s books. He has written over 70 children’s books. His most famous book The Very Hungry Caterpillar, is common on children’s bookshelves all over the world. What most people don’t know is that Eric also makes art for adults, which is called “ArtArt”. People didn’t know about it, because he didn’t show it to the public until he was 84 years old!
Like Eric’s children’s books, his “ArtArt” is full of bright and clear colour. He says that he loves colour so much because he missed it during the war in Germany. Eric was born in New York in 1929, but moved to Germany with his family when he was 6. When he was 10, World War II began. He noticed that all the houses and buildings in his town were painted grey, brown or dark green. It was a sad time, and it seemed like there was no colour anywhere.
At the end of the war, “when colour came back,” Eric explains, “I just loved it so much. I keep saying that I wish our eyes could see more colour. Colour is a very important part of my work.”
That’s true. Eric paints bright colours on Paper, cuts out shapes, and then glues them onto another piece of paper. This method is called collage (拼贴画). In fact, it is what led Eric to his “ArtArt”.
Eric’s “ArtArt” includes large collages as well as paintings, photographs and even costurmes.
In all these works, he uses all kinds of colours—everything from purple to light green to orange.
Now that’s a lot of colour!
65．When did Eric show “ArtArt” to the public?
A．In 1929. B．In 1993. C．In 1997. D．In 2013.
66．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Collage plays an important part in Eric’s book “ArtArt”.
B．Children know little about The Very Hungry Caterpillar.
C．Eric has created more books for adults than for children.
D．Eric moved to Germany with his family when he was 10.
67．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．Eric created collages for his books.
B．Eric is the king in the world of children’s books.
C．Eric’s love for colour led him to success.
D．Eric’s “ArtArt” is popular with people.

【答案】65．D 66．A 67．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了艺术家Eric，文中详细介绍了他一生的经历，以及颜色给他带来的巨大成功。
65．推理判断题。根据第一段“People didn’t know about it, because he didn’t show it to the public until he was 84 years old!”可知，人们不知道它，因为他直到84岁才把展示给公众；再根据第二段“Eric was born in New York in 1929”可知，Eric出生于1929年；由此推知，“ArtArt”展示给公众的年份为1929+84=2013年。故选D。
66．细节理解题。根据第五段“Eric’s ‘ArtArt’ includes large collages as well as paintings, photographs and even costurmes.”可知，在Eric的书“ArtArt”中，拼贴画起着重要作用。故选A。
67．主旨大意题。根据第一段“ ‘Colour, colour, colour!’ are the words of the artist Eric Carle.”和倒数第二段“In all these works, he uses all kinds of colours—everything from purple to light green to orange.”可知，Eric对颜色的爱使他成功。故选C。
（2022秋·江苏扬州·八年级校考期末）

For some people, Fidel Castro was a hero. He freed his country from the control of the United States. Others hated him – there were 638 attempts to murder him. But no one would say that the bearded Castro, who always dressed in green, was not a fighter.
In 2008, the 81-year-old president of Cuba (古巴) stepped down, saying that his poor health kept him from leading his country any longer. “Years of fighting against the US have led to it,” said one professor in Cuba.
Castro was born in 1926, to a rich family of Cuban sugar planters. Although the young Castro was born into wealth, he himself became a fighter for the poor. At 13, he organized a strike because his father treated his workers badly. In middle school, he helped poor students get meat in their school meals.
After college, Castro became a lawyer. He saw that Cuba was “a millionaire’s playground” of rich US businessmen. He made up his mind to help Cuba free itself from US control.
In 1959 Castro led a revolution (革命) that brought him to power. Cuba became a socialist (社会主义的) country on the doorstep of the US. Although some tried to kill Castro and the US wouldn’t do business with Cuba – and even tried to invade (侵略) it – Cuba remained a peaceful country.
In 2006, Castro became very ill. Although he had left office, this fighter refused to give up. He spent his time writing for newspapers.
“I am not saying goodbye to you,” he wrote to Cubans. “But from now on I will be a soldier of ideas. You will be able to count on my words to help you.”
On Nov 25, 2016, Castro died at the age of 90.
68．What can we learn from Paragraphs 1-3?
A．Castro stepped down because he was afraid of being killed.
B．Castro’s father was good to his workers.
C．Castro gave up fighting to seek peace.
D．Castro fought for the poor.
69．Why did Castro become the Cuban president?
A．Because his family was rich. B．Because he was a lawyer.
C．Because he led a revolution. D．Because US businessmen helped him.
70．What is the correct order of the events of Fidel Castro’s life?
① He led a revolution.
② He helped poor students get meat in their meals.
③ He became very ill and later stopped being the president.
④ He organized a strike against his father.
⑤ He became a lawyer.
A．②⑤③①④ B．⑤②④①③ C．④②⑤①③ D．④②③⑤①
71．What can we learn from Castro’s words?
A．He wanted a job in a company. B．He wanted to have a good rest at home.
C．He tried to give up his work for his country. D．He would always try his best to continue his work.

【答案】68．D 69．C 70．C 71．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章为我们讲述了古巴伟大的领袖Fidel Castro传奇的为祖国奋斗的一生。
68．细节理解题。根据“Although the young Castro was born into wealth, he himself became a fighter for the poor.”可知尽管Castro出生在富裕的家庭，但是他却成为一个为穷人而战斗的人，故选D。
69．细节理解题。根据“In 1959 Castro led a revolution that brought him to power.”可知是1959年他领导了一场革命，这将他推上权力的位置，故选C。
70．细节理解题。根据“At 13, he organized a strike because his father treated his workers badly”“In middle school, he helped poor students get meat in their school meals.”“After college, Castro became a lawyer.”“In 1959 Castro led a revolution”和“In 2006, Castro became very ill.”可知Castro在13岁时组织了抗议他爸爸的罢工，中学时帮助贫穷的学生争取到肉菜，大学毕业后成为一个律师，在1959年领导了革命，2006年病重，故选C。
71．推理判断题。根据“I am not saying goodbye to you”和“But from now on I will be a soldier of ideas. You will be able to count on my words to help you”可判断Castro尽量用另一种方式继续为他的祖国，为他祖国的人民贡献力量，故选D。
（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）COVID-19 is still spreading around the planet. This year’s Earth Day focuses on climate (气候) change. Scientists agree that climate change is causing harm to the world in the form of bad weather and natural disasters. Will climate change lead to more disease outbreaks in the future?
The answer is a possible “yes”. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), studies have shown that a warming Earth is causing more infectious (传染性的) diseases.
Malaria (疟疾), a serious and sometimes deadly disease, is mainly spread by mosquitoes (蚊子). Climate change results in more heat waves and floods, which provide perfect conditions for mosquitoes to breed (繁殖). In India, for example, the warmer climate has increased the risk by about five times. Studies also suggest that global increases in temperature will drive disease—carrying insects from the equator (赤道) to the north. This means some diseases like malaria or dengue fever (登革热) may move into new areas, such as Europe.
Deforestation (滥伐森林), a major cause of climate change, has something to do with infectious diseases, according to Nature. In places such as Central and West Africa, there have been serious deforestation and losses of living areas for bats (蝙蝠). These bats have started living closer to humans, which increases the possibility of Ebola (埃博拉) outbreaks.
As ice keeps melting (融化) into water, diseases that lie under the ice may also come back. In 2016, a city in northern Russia saw an outbreak of anthrax (炭疽) during a heat wave. Scientists believe the virus came out from the frozen soil because of rising temperatures. About 90 people were infected, the New York Times reported.
What can we do to “cool” Earth?
Governments can
²Put a tax (税) or fee on carbon emissions.
²Advise using clean energy, such as wind and sun energy.
²Make policies and laws to protect the environment.
You can
²Turn off electronic devices, such as computers and TVs when you aren’t using them.
²Take a walk, ride a bike or take public transportation as much as you can.
²Buy products that are energy-efficient.
72．What kind of harm may be caused by climate change?
A．Deforestation. B．Energy shortage. C．Transportation cost. D．Bad weather and natural disasters.
73．What does the underline word “This” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．The rising temperatures help mosquitoes to breed. B．Serious diseases can only stay alive in northern areas.
C．Insects help spread some serious diseases to the north. D．High temperatures make a difference to the looks of insects.
74．What is TRUE according to the passage?
A．An outbreak of anthrax resulted from the frozen soil. B．The climate change does little harm to the people’s health.
C．Bats act as a way for diseases to spread because of the deforestation. D．This year’s Earth Day advises people to stop the spread of the diseases.
75．The purpose of this article is to________.
A．explain the possible diseases under the warmer climate B．introduce how to save energy and protect the environment
C．express the writer’s ideas about what leads to the climate change D．warn people of diseases the warmer climate brings and offer some advice

【答案】72．D 73．C 74．C 75．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了气候变化引起的自然灾害和疾病对人类的影响，作者为应对气候变化提出了建议。
72．细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists agree that climate change is causing harm to the world in the form of bad weather and natural disasters.”可知，气候变化会造成恶劣天气及自然灾害。故选D。
73．推理判断题。根据第三段“Studies also suggest that global increases in temperature will drive disease—carrying insects from the equator (赤道) to the north. This means some diseases like malaria or dengue fever (登革热) may move into new areas, such as Europe.”可知，全球气温的升高将把携带疾病的昆虫从赤道带到北方。这意味着一些疾病，如疟疾或登革热，可能会转移到欧洲等新的地区。划线部分This指代“昆虫帮助将一些严重的疾病传播到北方”。故选C。
74．细节理解题。根据第四段“Deforestation (滥伐森林), a major cause of climate change…These bats have started living closer to humans, which increases the possibility of Ebola (埃博拉) outbreaks.”可知，由于砍伐森林，蝙蝠的栖息地减少，它们会越来越接近人类，成为疾病传播的途径。故选C。
75．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了由于气候变化引起的各种自然疾病，并提出建议应对气候变化。故选D。
（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）I had an accident with my plane in the Desert of Sahara six years ago. Something was broken in my engine (引擎). The first night, I went to sleep on the sand, a thousand miles from any human living area. Thus you can imagine my amazement, at sunrise, when I was awakened by a strange little voice.
It said, “If you please—draw me a sheep!”
“What?”
“Draw me a sheep!”
I stared at him in surprise. I had been trapped in the desert a thousand miles from any living area. And yet my little man seemed neither to be lost among the sands, nor to be hungry or thirsty or full of fear. I said to him, “But—what are you doing here?”
And in answer he repeated, very slowly, “If you please—draw me a sheep…”
Then I remembered how my studies had been all about history, grammar, geography and so on, and that grown-ups discouraged me in my painter’s career when I was six years old. I never learned to draw anything, except boas (蟒蛇) from the outside and boas from the inside.
He answered me, “That doesn’t matter. Draw me a sheep.”
But I had never drawn a sheep. So I drew for him one of the two pictures I had drawn so often. It was that of the boa from the outside. “No, no, no! I do not want an elephant inside a boa. A boa is a very dangerous creature, and an elephant is very large and heavy. What I need is a sheep.”
So then I made a drawing.
He looked at it carefully, then he said, “No. This sheep is already very sickly. Make me another.”
So I made another drawing.
My friend smiled gently. “You see yourself,” he said, “that this is not a sheep. This is a ram (公羊). It has horns (角).”
So then I did my drawing over once more.
But it was rejected too, just like the others. “This one is too old. I want a sheep that will live a long time.”
By this time my patience was exhausted, because I was in a hurry to start taking my engine apart. I tossed (挥动) off this drawing.
“This is only his box. The sheep you asked for is inside.”
“That is exactly the way I wanted it! Do you think that this sheep will have to have a great deal of grass?”
“Why?”
“Because where I live everything is very small...”
“There will surely be enough grass for him,” I said, “It is a very small sheep that I have given to you.”
He bent his head over the drawing, “Not so small that—Look! He has gone to sleep...”
And that is now I made the acquaintance (认识) of the little prince.
(Adapted from Little Prince)
76．The underlined word “exhausted” means________.
A．coming down B．running out C．growing up D．coming out
77．What’s the right order of the following events?
①We got to know each other.
②I drew an elephant inside a boa for him.
③The little boy was pleased with my ideas for drawing.
④I was awakened by a little boy asking me to draw a sheep for him.
⑤A box was drawn instead after my drawings for a sheep were refused.
A．④-①-⑤-②-③ B．①-④-⑤-③-② C．④-②-⑤-③-① D．①-④-②-⑤-③
78．What can you infer (推断) from the article？
A．I saved a little prince trapped in the Desert of Sahara. B．The grown-ups took little notice of training my painting skills.
C．I have no patience with the little prince throughout their conversation. D．What really mattered to the little prince was what the sheep looked like.

【答案】76．B 77．C 78．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《小王子》，讲述了“我”和小王子相遇的过程。
76．词句猜测题。根据“By this time my patience was exhausted, because I was in a hurry to start taking my engine apart. I tossed (挥动) off this drawing.”可知，因为作者忙于修理发动机，且自己画的画一直被拒绝，所以耐心被耗尽。故划线部分单词意为“耗尽的”，与run out意思相近。故选B。
77．细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章的发展顺序是：我被一个小男孩吵醒了，他叫我给他画一只羊；我给他画了一只大象在蟒蛇里；在我画的羊被拒绝后，又画了一个盒子；小男孩对我的绘画想法很满意；我们开始互相了解。故选C。
78．推理判断题。根据“Then I remembered how my studies had been all about history, grammar, geography and so on, and that grown-ups discouraged me in my painter’s career when I was six years old. I never learned to draw anything ”可知，大人们对“我”的画家生涯感到沮丧，“我”没有学会画任何东西，由此可推知大人们很少注意训练我的绘画技巧。故选B。
（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）Having a chance to compete (参赛) in the Olympics is not easy. Some athletes even change sports. They compete in both summer and winter Olympic events.
Athletes
Events
Careers
Montell Douglas 36, UK
Summer: 100m, 4×100m relay (接力赛)Winter: bobsleigh (雪车)
In 2008, Douglas competed in her first Olympics at the Bird’s Nest stadium as a sprinter (短跑运动员). Now, she’s back as part of a two-woman bobsleigh team. She joined the British bobsleigh team in 2016 and went to the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics as a reserve (替补队员). But in Beijing she actually competed. “You’re never too old or too late. You should always dream and dream big.” she said.
Nathan Crumpton 36, American Samoa
Summer: 100mWinter: skeleton (钢架雪车)
Do you remember the shirtless flag bearer (旗手) at the Opening Ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics? He is Nathan Crumpton, the only one who stands for of American Samoa at the Games.He competed in the 100m at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics. He said, “It’s a great honor to take part in two Olympic Games in less than one year.” Crumpton won American Samoa’s first gold medal in skeleton at the 2019 North American Cup.
Ayumu Hirano 23, Japan
Summer: skateboardingWinter: snowboarding
Ayumu Hirano won the Japanese National Skateboarding Championship in 2019. After his Olympic skateboarding show in Tokyo 2020, he continued to challenge himself in snowboarding events.Hirano grew up riding on his father’s own skate park ramps (坡道). This helped with his snowboarding skills. He won his first World Cup. Speaking of the Beijing 2022 games, he said, “I want to express myself in a way that only I can.”
79．Which part of the newspaper is this article most probably taken from?
A．FASHION B．SPORTS C．SCIENCE D．EDUCATION
80．How do they feel about competing in both summer and winter Olympic events?
A．Surprised and worried. B．Serious and nervous.
C．Cheerful and thankful. D．Confident and proud.
81．What can we learn from the table?
A．Hirano’s father acted as his snowboarding coach. B．Douglas didn’t complete in the Olympic events until 2022.
C．Hirano achieved great success in both skateboarding and snowboarding. D．Crumpton won his first gold medal in skeleton in the Beijing Winter Olympics.

【答案】79．B 80．D 81．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了3位运动员，不仅参加了夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会，而且还是通过不同的运动项目参加的。
79．推理判断题。根据“Having a chance to compete (参赛) in the Olympics is not easy. Some athletes even change sports. They compete in both summer and winter Olympic events.”可知，运动员、奥运赛等等都是和运动相关的内容。故选B。
80．推理判断题。根据“You’re never too old or too late. You should always dream and dream big.”“It’s a great honor to take part in two Olympic Games in less than one year.”以及“I want to express myself in a way that only I can.”可知，他们充满了自信和骄傲。故选D。
81．细节理解题。根据“Ayumu Hirano won the Japanese National Skateboarding Championship in 2019.”，和“This helped with his snowboarding skills. He won his first World Cup. ”可知，在这两个领域中都获得了很好的奖项。故选C。