【期末专题复习】（仁爱版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题10- 短文填空（真题练习）（原卷+解析）

这是一份【期末专题复习】（仁爱版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题10- 短文填空（真题练习）（原卷+解析），文件包含期末专题复习仁爱版2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期专题10-短文填空真题练习解析版docx、期末专题复习仁爱版2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期专题10-短文填空真题练习原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。

专题10：短文填空（真题过关）
（2022春·福建厦门·八年级统考期末）
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或单词等提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

Oil paper umbrellas have a history of over 1,000 years in China. Once they were everywhere. However, as umbrellas with metal ribs (金属伞骨) ____1____ /bɪˈkeɪm/ more popular in the last century, people used the hand-made umbrellas less in daily life.
Yuhang in Hangzhou is famous ____2____ making oil paper umbrellas for over 230 years. Umbrellas here take more than 70 steps to make, such as making bamboo ribs and pasting (糊) papers. It takes at least a week to make ____3____ umbrella. Each umbrella has 36 ribs, ____4____ they are strong. In 2007, this kind of umbrella was added to Zhejiang province’s intangible cultural heritage list (非物质文化遗产名录).
In 2015, Liu Weixue ____5____ (leave) a well-paid job to learn from his grandfather the art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas. “I want to ___6___ /brɪŋ/ the art to life.” Liu said. “When it rains, someone uses the umbrella — that’s what I want to see.”
After ___7___ (learn) the skills well, Liu opened a studio（工作坊）and improved the umbrellas to ____8____ /wɪn/ the hearts of young people. Because the traditional paper was easy to break, he used thicker paper. His umbrellas could open and close 1,000 times without breaking. He also used a lighter kind of bamboo to make ribs. So, the umbrella weigh ____9____ (little).
In 2017, Liu opened an online shop to sell _____10_____ (umbrella). It now has more than 80,000 followers (粉丝). But to keep the quality(质量), his studio makes only 1,000 umbrellas each year. He hopes the art can be passed on.
【答案】
1．became 2．for 3．an 4．so 5．left 6．bring 7．learning 8．win 9．less 10．umbrellas
【导语】本文主要讲述了油纸伞的传承人——刘伟学是如何通过自己的努力将这项艺术发扬光大。
1．句意：但是，作为带有金属肋骨的伞在上个世纪变得更受欢迎，人们在日常生活中较少使用手工制作的雨伞。根据音标“/bɪˈkeɪm/”可知应填became“变得”，故填became。
2．句意：杭州余杭以油纸伞闻名，已有230多年的历史。根据“Yuhang in Hangzhou is famous…making oil paper umbrellas”可知，be famous for“因为……而有名”，故填for。
3．句意：制作一把伞至少需要一周的时间。根据“umbrella”可知，以元音音素开头发音，表示泛指，应该使用不定冠词an“一把”，故填an。
4．句意：每把伞有36根肋骨，所以很坚固。根据“Each umbrella has 36 ribs…they are strong.”可知，空前和空后两句之间是因果关系，后面的句子是前面句子的结果，使用因果连词so“所以”，故填so。
5．句意：2015年，刘伟学辞去了一份收入丰厚的工作，跟随祖父学习余杭油纸伞的制作工艺。根据“In 2015”可知，该句使用一般过去时，所给单词leave的过去式是left，故填left。
6．句意：我想让艺术活起来。根据“/brɪŋ/”可知，动词bring“带来”，want to do“想要做……”，故填bring。
7．句意：学得好手艺后，刘开了一家工作室，改进雨伞，以赢得年轻人的心。根据“After”可知，该句使用介词短语作状语，介词后接动名词形式，结合所给单词，应填learning“学习”，故填learning。
8．句意：学得好手艺后，刘开了一家工作室，改进雨伞，以赢得年轻人的心。根据“/wɪn/”可知，win“赢得”，该句使用动词不定式表目的，故填win。
9．句意：所以，伞的重量减轻了。根据“He also used a lighter kind of bamboo to make ribs”可知，用一种较轻的竹子来制作伞骨，所以伞的重量应该是更轻了，故填less。
10．句意：2017年，刘开了一家卖伞的网店。根据“Liu opened an online shop to sell……”可知，结合所给单词umbrella“雨伞”可数名词，表示“卖伞”应该使用名词复数，sell umbrellas“卖伞”，故填umbrellas。
（2022春·福建厦门·八年级统考期末）
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
To make some money, I got a part-time job. ____11____ newly-opened store was looking for workers.
After answering a few ____12____ (question), I became a worker at the ice cream store. This store was different. ____13____ [waɪl] other stores would pre-freeze（提前冷冻）their ice cream, we would make the ice cream right in front of people using liquid nitrogen（液氮）.
Liquid nitrogen is -196℃, so it ____14____ (take) almost all the heat（热量）out of liquid cream in just several seconds. I did not expect science to change my daily life so greatly, but I was ____15____ [glæd] that I understood this way of food-making.
Working in an ice cream store brought about challenges. Compared ____16____ other ice cream stores, our ice cream is fresher. So we have to act ____17____ (quick). Also, we have a very big ____18____ ['menju:]. There are over 30 different kinds of ice-cream on it.
Working there seemed too much for me at first, ____19____ I made it through. Better yet, I became more natural at talking to people. I enjoyed ____20____ (I) making small talks with them.
What a meaningful experience!
【答案】
11．A 12．questions 13．While 14．takes 15．glad 16．with 17．quickly 18．menu 19．But 20．myself
【导语】本文讲述了作者在一家冰淇淋店工作的经历。
11．句意：一家新开的商店正在招聘工人。根据“newly-opened store was looking for workers.”可知此处是指一家新开的商店，newly是以辅音音素开头，不定冠词a符合语境，故填A。
12．句意：回答了几个问题后，我在一家冰淇淋店当了工人。a few修饰可数名词复数，故填questions。
13．句意：其他商店会预先冷冻他们的冰淇淋，而我们会在人们面前用液氮制作冰淇淋。根据所给音标可知，空处应填while“然而”，置于句首，首字母大写，故填While。
14．句意：液氮的温度是-196℃，所以它几乎能在几秒钟内带走液体奶油的所有热量。此处是描述一个事实，用一般现在时，主语是it，动词用三单形式，故填takes。
15．句意：我没有想到科学会如此巨大地改变我的日常生活，但我很高兴我了解了这种制作食物的方式。根据所给音标可知，空处应填glad“开心的”，故填glad。
16．句意：与其他冰淇淋店相比，我们的冰淇淋更新鲜。固定短语compare with“和……相比”，故填with。
17．句意：所以我们必须迅速采取行动。quick是形容词，此处应用副词修饰动词act，故填quickly。
18．句意：而且，我们的菜单非常大，上面有30多种不同的冰淇淋。根据所给音标可知，空处应填menu“菜单”，故填menu。
19．句意：一开始我觉得在那里工作太难了，但我挺过来了。分析句子可知前后句是转折关系，应用but连接，置于句首，首字母大写，故填But。
20．句意：我喜欢和他们闲聊。固定短语enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，I的反身代词为myself，故填myself。
（2022春·福建福州·八年级统考期末）
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

In my heart, Easter is always the holiday of egg hunts, the Easter Bunny, spring time and new life.
I ____21____ /ju:zd/ to live in the city of Irvine, California. During the days before Easter, there are many festivals in parks around the city. ____22____ a small child, I would enjoy art shows, roller coasters (过山车) and happy people with face paint.
The ____23____ (good) part was always egg hunting! My friends and I would also set up an Easter egg hunt of our own. Instead of ____24____ /trəˈdɪʃənl/ chocolate eggs, we would buy colorful plastic (塑料的) eggs and lots of candy. Everyone would also choose an egg-hunting basket. We took everything to Mushroom Park and ____25____ (fill) the eggs with candy. Then, our parents hid the eggs around the park. Some eggs were scattered (分散) across a field, ____26____ were put behind leafy (叶茂的) plants; a few were even hidden in bushes (灌木丛)!
____27____ it started, we ran through the gardens, collecting eggs at top speed. We grabbed (抓) them and threw them into our baskets. We also worked together to get the hard ones.
After collecting all of the eggs, we sat in a ____28____ /ˈsɜːkl/ on the grassy field and counted (数) them. We also opened them. The ___29___ (sweet) inside were different, from jelly beans to gummy bears. The older kids _____30_____ (usual) had more than the younger ones, so we shared. It was fun!
【答案】
21．used 22．As 23．best 24．traditional 25．filled 26．others 27．When 28．circle 29．sweets 30．usually
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者过去是如何庆祝复活节的。
21．句意：我以前住在加利福尼亚的欧文市。根据音标“/ju:zd/”可知，应填used，used to do“过去常常做某事”，故填used。
22．句意：作为一个小孩子，我喜欢艺术表演、过山车和脸上涂着彩绘的快乐的人。根据“a small child”可知，作为一个小孩子，as“作为”符合语境，句首首字母大写，故填As。
23．句意：最好的部分总是找蛋！根据空前的定冠词“The”可知，此处要用最高级；good的最高级为best，故填best。
24．句意：我们会买五颜六色的塑料蛋和很多糖果，而不是传统的巧克力蛋。根据音标“/trəˈdɪʃənl/”可知，应填traditional“传统的”，形容词修饰名词，故填traditional。
25．句意：我们把所有东西都带到蘑菇公园，在鸡蛋里装满糖果。根据“took”可知，时态为一般过去时；再根据“and”可知，此处是作并列谓语，动词要用过去式，故填filled。
26．句意：一些鸡蛋散落在田野里，另一些放在叶茂的植物后面。根据“Some eggs were scattered (分散) across a field”可知，some ... others ...“一些……，另一些……”，故填others。
27．句意：开始时，我们跑过花园，以最快的速度收集鸡蛋。根据“... it started”可知，此处指开始的时候，when“在……时候”符合语境，句首首字母大写，故填When。
28．句意：收集完所有的蛋后，我们坐在草地上围成一圈数它们。根据音标“/ˈsɜːkl/”可知，应填circle，表示“圆圈”，故填circle。
29．句意：里面的糖果是不同的，从软糖豆到小熊软糖。根据“from jelly beans to gummy bears”可知，此处要用名词复数，故填sweets。
30．句意：大一点的孩子通常比小一点的孩子拥有更多，所以我们分享。usual“通常的”，形容词，此处要用副词usually“通常”，故填usually。
（2022春·福建莆田·八年级莆田第二十五中学校考期末）
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Anna hurt ____31____ (bad) in a car accident and lost her arms when she was a child. What was worse, she lost her parents ____32____ the age of twenty. Her ____33____/'eldə/ sister, who was ten years older than her, wanted to take care of her. However, Anna didn’t want to ____34____ /di'pend/ on her sister, saying that she would like to take care of ____35____ (she). She began to study ____36____ (hard) than before and finally went to college (大学). Four years later, she found a job. Once she wrote in her diary, “____37____ I lost my arms, I still have my legs.” Instead of ____38____ (feel) sad every day, she decided not to let the destiny (命运) hold her back. She taught us a good lesson. When something bad ____39____ (happen) to us, we have two choices(选择), one is to complain (抱怨), and ____40____ other is to face it bravely. If we choose to run away, failure will follow us wherever we go. If we decide to be strong, new hopes will come.
【答案】
31．badly 32．at 33．elder 34．depend 35．herself 36．harder 37．Though 38．feeling 39．happens 40．the
【导语】本文主要讲述了安娜小时候失去了双臂，二十岁失去了双亲，她没有因为生活中的不幸而萎靡不振，反而选择采取积极的态度过好自己的生活。从她的故事告诉我们，当坏事来临时，要选择勇敢面对，希望就会到来。
31．句意：安娜小时候在一场车祸中受了重伤，失去了双臂。此空修饰动词hurt，应填副词，故填badly。
32．句意：更糟糕的是，她在20岁就失去了父母。at the age of“在……年龄时”，固定搭配，故填at。
33．句意：她的姐姐比她大十岁，想要照顾她。根据音标可知，此空应填elder“年长的”，形容词作定语，故填elder。
34．句意：然而，安娜不想依赖她的姐姐，她说她想照顾自己。根据音标可知，此空应填动词原形depend“依靠”，故填depend。
35．句意：然而，安娜不想依赖她的姐姐，她说她想照顾自己。当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语用反身代词，故填herself。
36．句意：她开始比之前更努力学习，最终上了大学。根据than可知，此空应填比较级，故填harder。
37．句意：尽管我失去了胳膊，但是我仍然还有腿。“I lost my arms”与“I still have my legs”是让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句，故填Though。
38．句意：她决定不让命运拖她的后腿，而不是每天都感到悲伤。of是介词，后接动名词，故填feeling。
39．句意：当不好的事情发生在我们身上时，我们有两个选择，一个是抱怨，另一个是勇敢地面对它。根据have可知，此句是一般现在时，不定代词something作主语，动词用三单，故填happens。
40．句意：当不好的事情发生在我们身上时，我们有两个选择，一个是抱怨，另一个是勇敢地面对它。one…the other“一个……另一个”，固定搭配，故填the。
（2022春·福建龙岩·八年级统考期末）
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
When I was young, my father told me that some acts of ____41____ /lʌv/ may give someone happiness. So I always try my best to help others.
One afternoon, it was very hot. I was ____42____ on the highway to Fuzhou when another car suddenly came into my lane (车道). My car was in the far right lane, so it ran into the roadside. But luckily, it didn’t cause ____43____ accident.
I was ____44____ /ʌnˈhæpi/ with that driver, but I thought that he just did not ____45____ attention to the lane change, and maybe he was just ____46____ (care).
The car ran away after cutting me off. Very soon it disappeared. After a while, I came around a curve (弯道) and found the same car. The driver was walking along the roadside. He looked ____47____ (worry). The man’s car had a flat tire (瘪胎). ____48____ /ðəʊ/ he had a spare tire (备胎), he had nothing to work with. I decided to help him. I changed the tire for him and let him sit in my air-conditioned car while I did it. Fifteen ____49____ (minute)later, I finished the work. I was hot and tired, but I ____50____ /'ri: əli/ felt good after an act of kindness to the man.
Helping others is the source (源泉) of happiness. That’s true. We should lend a hand to others in trouble.
【答案】
41． love 42．driving 43．any 44．unhappy 45．pay
46．careless 47．worried 48．Though 49．minutes 50．really
【导语】本文通过作者在高速路上帮助一个差点给自己造成车祸的人，告诉我们：有时候一个小的善举可能会带给人一个巨大的幸福。
41．句意：当我年轻的时候，父亲告诉我，一些爱的行为可能会给人带来幸福。根据音标“/lʌv/”可知，此处单词为love“爱”，名词。故填love。
42．句意：我正在去福州的高速公路上开车，突然有一辆车开进了我的车道。根据“when another car suddenly came into my lane (车道).”可知，此处是指作者当时正在开车。drive“开车”，动词。此处需用现在分词driving，和前面be动词“was”构成过去进行时结构。故填driving。
43．句意：但幸运的是，它没有造成任何事故。根据“But luckily”可知，此处是指没有造成任何事故。any“任何”。故填any。
44．句意：我对那个司机很不满意。根据音标“/ʌnˈhæpi/”可知，此处单词为unhappy“不开心的”，形容词。位于be动词之后作表语。故填unhappy。
45．句意：但我认为他只是没有注意到换道。固定短语pay attention to“关注，注意”。且位于助动词之后，动词需用原形。故填pay。
46．句意：也许他只是粗心。care“关心”。根据“and maybe he was just...”可知，此处作者是在猜测对方当时很粗心。空前有be动词，其后跟形容词作表语。careless“粗心大意的”，形容词。故填careless。
47．句意：司机沿着路边走。他看起来很担心。worry“担心”，动词。空前“looked”是系动词，其后跟形容词作表语。worried“担心的”，形容词。故填worried。
48．句意：虽然他有一个备胎，但他没有任何东西可用。根据音标“/ðəʊ/”可知，此处单词为though“尽管”，连词。位于开头首字母需大写。故填Though。
49．句意：十五分钟后，我完成了工作。minute“分钟”，名词。空前有“Fifteen”，其后需跟名词复数形式。minute的复数形式为minutes。故填minutes。
50．句意：我又热又累，但在对那个人做了一个善事后，我真的感觉很好。根据音标“/'ri: əli/”可知，此处单词为really“真正地”，副词修饰动词。故填really。
（2022春·河北保定·八年级统考期末）
Do you know anything about tigers? They are at the top ____51____ the food chain. They help keep the number of other wild animals ____52____ balance. ____53____ this reason, tigers are important to the environment. But in recent years, tigers have been in ____54____ (dangerous) of disappearing. Some people have hunted and ____55____ (kill) tigers for money. People have cut down a lot of trees ____56____ well. As forests disappear, tigers lose their homes. The number of tigers in the wild ____57____ (be) decreasing. ____58____ (keep) and protect the ecological(生态的) balance, human beings must ____59____ (protect) tigers and reduce killing. Animals and humans are friends ____60____ (true).
【答案】
51． of 52．in 53．For 54．danger 55．killed
56．as 57．is 58．To keep 59．protect 60．truly
【导语】本文主要介绍了位于食物链顶端的老虎，由于近几年人类的种种行为导致数量下降，生存环境面临危险，最后呼吁保护老虎，减少杀戮！
51．句意：他们处于食物链的顶端。此处考查一个短语：at the top of,意为“在……顶端”。故填of。
52．句意：它们有助于保持其他野生动物数量的平衡。此处考查短语keep sth. in balance意为“保持……的平衡”，因此需要填介词in。故填in。
53．句意：因此，老虎对环境很重要。结合语境可知，此处考查介词短语for this reason“因此、出于这种原因”。故填For。
54．句意：但是近年来，老虎有消失的危险。根据空格前的介词“in”，后有介词“of”，中间需要一个名词。所给的单词dangerous是一个形容词，它的名词是danger，和in构成短语：in danger，意为“在危险中”。故填danger。
55．句意：有些人为了钱猎杀老虎。并列连词and前后的动词需要保持时态一致，用现在完成时，前面已经有助动词“have”，此处可以省略。故填killed。
56．句意：人们也砍了很多树。结合前面内容，此处是句意上的递进， 即人们也砍了很多树，需要用短语“as well”，意思是“也”。故填as。
57．句意：野生老虎的数量正在减少。此时决定谓语动词的是短语the number of，意思是“……的数量”，是一个单数的概念，因此谓语动词也要用单数形式，再结合语境可知，阐述现在的实际情况，用一般现在时。故填is。
58．句意：为了保持和保护生态平衡，人类必须保护老虎和减少杀戮。此处是后面动作发出的目的状语，因此用动词不定式结构表目的。故填To keep。
59．句意：为了保持和保护生态平衡，人类必须保护老虎和减少杀戮。空格前有情态动词“must”，此时需要用动词原形。故填protect。
60．句意：动物和人类是真正的朋友。此处需要填入一个副词，用来修饰谓语部分。故填truly。
（2023春·全国·八年级期末）
阅读短文，根据首字母、音标及语境提示，在横线上填入适当的单词，使短文语意连贯，意思完整。
People sometimes like to read stories of dogs very much. They think that dogs are more clever____61____ cats, sheep, cows or other a____62____ in their homes.
One of my ____63____ [kləʊs] friends, Bob, has a very large police dog named Jack. Every Sunday afternoon, Bob and Jack have a walk ____64____ the park nearby. Jack likes these w____65____ very much. One Sunday afternoon, I paid a visit to my friend. I stayed there for a long time and my friend and I had much more talk with each ____66____ than ever before. Soon it was time for them to take a walk in the park. We forgot that. Jack became w____67____ about it. He walked around the room several times and then sat down in ____68____ of me and looked at me. But I still paid no attention to him. I went on t____69____ with my friend. At last, Jack could not wait any l_____70_____. He went out of the room and came back a few minutes later. He sat down in front of me again. But this time, he held my hat in his mouth. Suddenly, I understood what Jack meant and so did my friend.
【答案】
61． than 62．(a)nimals 63．close 64．in 65．(w)alks
66．other 67．(w)orried 68．front 69．(t)alking 70．(l)onger
【导语】本文讲述作者朋友鲍勃的狗，到了例行散步时间，运用聪明的方法让主人明白该散步了。
61．句意：他们认为狗比他们家里的猫、羊、牛或其他动物更聪明。根据“more clever”可知，此处是比较级+than结构，表示“比……更……”。故填than。
62．句意：他们认为狗比他们家里的猫、羊、牛或其他动物更聪明。根据“cats, sheep, cows or other ...”和首字母可知，此处指其他动物，other后接名词复数，animals符合语境。故填(a)nimals。
63．句意：我的一个好朋友，鲍勃，有一只非常大的警犬叫杰克。根据音标“[kləʊs]”可知，应填close，形容词修饰名词“friends”；close friends“亲密的朋友”。故填close。
64．句意：每个星期天下午，鲍勃和杰克都在附近的公园里散步。根据“... the park nearby”可知，此处指附近的公园，in“在……里”符合语境。故填in。
65．句意：杰克非常喜欢散步。根据上文“Bob and Jack have a walk”可知，杰克非常喜欢散步，walk符合语境；根据空前“these”可知，要用名词复数。故填(w)alks。
66．句意：我在那里呆了很长一段时间，我和我的朋友之间的谈话比以往任何时候都多。each other“互相，彼此”，固定短语。故填other。
67．句意：杰克开始担心起来。根据“He walked around the room several times ...”可知，到了散步的时间，主人却无法走开，杰克于是变得有些担心；worried“担心的”符合语境。故填(w)orried。
68．句意：它在房间里转了几圈，然后坐在我面前看着我。根据“looked at me”可知，杰克坐到了作者面前；in front of“在……前面”。故填front。
69．句意：我继续和我的朋友交谈。根据上文“I had much more talk with each ... than ever before”可知，此处指继续和朋友交谈；talk with sb.“与某人交谈”；再根据go on doing sth.“继续做某事”可知，此处要用动名词。故填(t)alking。
70．句意：最后，杰克再也等不下去了。not ... any longer“不再”，固定短语。故填(l)onger。
（2021·湖北荆州·八年级统考期末）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空（1-3个单词）或根据音标填词。
Hi Irene,
I need your help. My 13-year-old son doesn’t seem to have any good friends. He never ____71____ (invite) anyone home or goes out with anyone from his new school. When I asked, he just ____72____ (reply), “It’s fine, Mom!” He is on the 7th grade football team, ____73____ outside school, he doesn’t play with any kids.
Jane
Dear Jane,
Getting into middle school is ____74____ big change (变化) for both teenagers and their parents. This change can be very difficult if the kids are shy. Also keep in mind that some teenagers feel ____75____ (comfortable) being alone (单独) than with others. If your son ____76____ (seem) “fine”, don’t worry too much.
If you do feel something is ____77____ (true) wrong, find out the real ____78____ (problem). For example, do you often argue (争吵) with your husband (丈夫) at home? If so, your son may not want to invite friends over. Young people may care ____79____ their parents’ feelings very much.
It’s great he joined the football team. Maybe he will “grow into” middle school and make more friends as soon as he is _____80_____ /ˈredi/.
Hope this helps.
Irene
【答案】
71．invites 72．replied 73．but 74．a 75．more comfortable 76．seems 77．truly 78．problems 79．about 80．ready
【导语】本文中简向艾琳请求帮助，是有关儿子没有什么好朋友的问题，艾琳给简提出了建议。
71．句意：他从不邀请任何人来家，也不跟新学校的人出去。根据后面并列动词“goes out”可知，此处用动词三单形式invites。故填invites。
72．句意：当我问他时，他只是回答:“没事，妈妈!”根据“When I asked”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式replied。故填replied。
73．句意：他在七年级的足球队，但在校外，他不跟任何孩子踢足球。“在学校足球队”与“他不跟任何孩子踢足球”是转折关系，所以用but。故填but。
74．句意：进入中学对青少年和他们的父母来说都是一个很大的改变。此处表达“一个很大的改变”，change是名词单数且big是以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
75．句意：还要记住，有些青少年觉得独处比和别人在一起更舒服。根据后面“than with others”可知，此处用比较级形式more comfortable。故填more comfortable。
76．句意：如果你的儿子看起来“很好”，不要太担心。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，主句是祈使句，所以从句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，所以动词用三单形式seems。故填seems。
77．句意：如果你真的觉得有些事情不对，找出真正的问题所在。此处用副词形式修饰形容词wrong，true的副词形式是truly。故填truly。
78．句意：如果你真的觉得有些事情不对，找出真正的问题所在。此处表达“找出问题”，应该用复数形式problems。故填problems。
79．句意：年轻人可能非常关心父母的感受。此处表达“关心父母的感受”，care about“关心”，固定短语。故填about。
80．句意：也许他会“成长”直到中学，一旦他准备好了，就会交到更多的朋友。根据音标可知，此处是单词ready“准备好的”。故填ready。
（2021春·四川广元·八年级统考期末）
阅读下面短文，根据首字母提示或括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
For many people the subject of hiccups (嗝) is a joke, but for Harry Mendes, a fifteen-year-old schoolboy from Birmingham, it was something quite d___81___.
His hiccups began one Sunday lunchtime and ___82___ (continue) day and night for two weeks. After the first week, Harry’s parents took him to hospital, but it took another week for the doctors to cure (治疗) his attack.
Harry, who is now back at school, described what h___83___ to him. “When I began to h___84___, I drank a glass of water but that didn’t do any good. That evening I had hiccups every four seconds. We t___85___ everything to stop them. I held my breath and drank cold drinks. My father even tried to give me a shock but that didn’t work e___86___.”
After a week of ___87___ (sleep) nights, he went to hospital. The doctors took an X-ray of his chest but they ___88___ (can) find anything wrong. “They gave me some medicine and my hiccups slowed down, but it was another week before the medicine worked completely and my hiccups stopped.” Harry was very lucky. The world r___89___ holder is the American farmer Charles Osborne, who hiccuped for sixty-eight years. He stopped in 1990 at last, but nobody knows w___90___.
【答案】
81．(d)ifferent 82．continued 83．(h)appened 84．(h)iccup 85．(t)ried 86．(e)ither 87．sleepless 88．couldn’t 89．(r)ecord 90．(w)hy
【导语】本文介绍了不停打嗝的Harry Mendes一直在求医，但是一直没有查明原因。
81．句意：对许多人来说，打嗝是个笑话，但对来自伯明翰的15岁男孩Harry Mendes来说，就完全不同了。此空为形容词作表语，根据“His hiccups began one Sunday lunchtime and...day and night for two weeks.”可知Harry一直打嗝，因此他与正常人是不同的，different表示“不同的”。故填(d)ifferent。
82．句意：他的嗝在周日午饭时开始，一直持续两周。and连接并列的动词过去式，continue过去式为continued。故填continued。
83．句意：Harry现在回到学校，描述发生在他身上的事。what happened表示“发生什么”。故填(h)appened。
84．句意：当我开始打嗝时，我喝了一杯水，但没有任何效果。根据“ That evening I had hiccups every four seconds.”可知此处指开始打嗝。hiccup表示“打嗝”，动词，begin to do sth表示“开始做某事”。故填(h)iccup。
85．句意：我们试了很多方法来阻止。根据“I held my breath and drank cold drinks.”可知作者尝试了很多方法，try表示“尝试”，过去式为tried。故填(t)ried。
86．句意：我爸爸甚至试着吓唬我，但是也没用。根据“I held my breath and drank cold drinks. My father even tried to give me a shock but that didn’t work...”可知屏住呼吸、喝冷饮不好使，爸爸惊吓也不好使，否定句表示“也”，用either。故填(e)ither。
87．句意：经过一周无眠的夜晚，他去了医院。根据“That evening I had hiccups every four seconds. ”可知作者一直打嗝，所以很难入睡，此空为形容词作定语修饰名词，sleepless表示“失眠的”。故填sleepless。
88．句意：医生给我拍了胸部X光片，但是没发现什么问题。but表转折，拍了X光，但是还是没找到原因，couldn’t表示“不能”，过去式。故填couldn’t。
89．句意：世界纪录保持者是美国农民Charles Osborne，打嗝68年。根据“... the American farmer Charles Osborne, who hiccuped for sixty-eight years.”可知这是一个世界纪录，record表示“记录”。故填(r)ecord。
90．句意：最后在1990年他停下来了，但是没人知道为什么。根据“He stopped in 1990 at last, but nobody knows...”可知他停止打嗝，但是没人知道原因，why表示“为什么”。故填(w)hy。
（2021春·河北石家庄·八年级石家庄市第二十七中学校考期末）
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is a Fantawild adventure theme park(方特欢乐世界) in the center of Tai’an. It is beautiful and interesting. I have ____91____ (be) there twice.
This summer, I visited the amusement park ____92____ my parents again. I remembered it was a sunny and hot day. Thousands of people were there. Many people were ____93____ (wait) to buy tickets at the entrance. Most people ____94____ (bring) their cameras. They were ready to take some ____95____ (photo). Inside the amusement park were many wonderful rides such as a coaster(过山车) and sightseeing(观光) trains. My parents liked sightseeing trains. It took passengers everywhere. I liked the coaster. I was very ____96____ (excite) when I traveled by it. It was very popular between adults and children. A lot of people couldn’t wait to get ____97____. But some of them couldn’t stand up after ____98____ (get) off the coaster.
It is a ____99____ (完美的) place to spend your day with your family. Whenever you visit it, you will have an ____100____ (usual) experience like me.
【答案】
91． been 92．with 93．waiting 94．brought 95．photos
96．excited 97．on 98．getting 99．perfect 100．unusual
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经去方特欢乐世界的游玩经历，结尾提出无论读者何时去参观，都将会有一个像他一样不同寻常的经历。
91．句意：我去过那里两次。根据“I have...(be) there twice.”可知，此处强调去过两次，have been (to)“去过”，故填been。
92．句意：今年夏天，我和我的父母再次参观了游乐园。根据“I visited the amusement park...my parents again.”可知，和父母一起参观，with“和”符合语境，故填with。
93．句意：许多人在入口处等着买票。根据“Many people were...(wait) to buy tickets at the entrance.”可知，许多人在入口处等着买票，故填waiting。
94．句意：大多数人都带了相机。时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填brought。
95．句意：他们准备拍一些照片。some修饰可数名词复数，故填photos。
96．句意：当我经过它的时候，我很兴奋。此处在句中作表语，修饰人，故填excited。
97．句意：很多人都迫不及待地想上车。根据后句“But some of them couldn’t stand up after...(get) off the coaster.”可知，应该是先上车，再下车，get on“上车”符合语境，故填on。
98．句意：但是他们中的一些人在离开过山车后站不起来。介词after后加动名词作宾语，故填getting。
99．句意：这是一个与你的家人度过一天的完美的地方。perfect“完美的”，作定语修饰place，故填perfect。
100．句意：每当你参观它，你会像我一样有一个不寻常的经历。根据“Whenever you visit it, you will have an...(usual) experience like me.”可知，是一个不寻常的经历，用形容词unusual作定语修饰experience，故填unusual。
（浙江金华·八年级校考期末）
阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
As we know, Elephants are the ____101____ (最大的) of all land animals. In China, the Asian elephant is a first-class protected ____102____ (野生的) animal. The animal mainly lives in Yunnan. Thanks to China’s work, the ____103____ (数目) of elephants in China rose to ____104____ (大约) 300 by the end of 2021. How did China do this?
First, in Yunnan, a monitor system keeps an eye on elephants with the help of cameras and drones. Workers also ____105____ (跟随) elephants in cars to know about their places and health. Then they ____106____ (发送) messages to a WeChat group of ____107____ (当地的) people. If the animals are in a safe place, people will go out to do farm work. Besides, in recent years, China set up many “canteens (食堂)” for elephants to solve their food ____108____ (问题). There, people plant foods elephants love to eat. Finally, elephant doctors come to help elephants when they ____109____ (有时) get hurt. Bao Mingwei, 42, has done this job for 22 years. He helped with the birth of nine elephant babies and ____110____ (拯救) ten elephants.
【答案】
101．largest 102．wild 103．number 104．about 105．follow 106．send 107．local 108．problems 109．sometimes 110．saved
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国是如何保护大象的。
101．句意：正如我们所知，大象是所有陆地动物中体型最大的。“最大的”在句中表示大象的体型大，用largest。故填largest。
102．句意：在中国，亚洲象是一级野生保护动物。“野生的”wild，形容词作定语。故填wild。
103．句意：由于中国的努力，到2021年底，中国大象的数量增加到约300头。“数目”number。故填number。
104．句意：由于中国的努力，到2021年底，中国大象的数量增加到约300头。“大约”about。故填about。
105．句意：工人们也在车里跟踪大象，了解它们的位置和健康状况。“跟随”follow，根据上下文可知用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语用动词原形。故填follow。
106．句意：然后他们给当地人的微信群发信息。“发送”send，根据上下文可知用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语用动词原形。故填send。
107．句意：然后他们给当地人的微信群发信息。“当地的”local，形容词作定语。故填local。
108．句意：此外，近年来，中国为大象设立了许多“食堂”，以解决它们的食物问题。“问题”problem，此处指大象的食物问题，用复数表示泛指。故填problems。
109．句意：最后，当大象有时受伤时，大象医生会来帮助它们。“有时”sometimes。故填sometimes。
110．句意：他帮助生下了九头大象宝宝，还救了十头大象。“拯救”save，根据“helped”可知用一般过去时，save的过去式saved。故填saved。
（浙江金华·八年级校考期末）
阅读下列短文，请根据所给中文正确拼写单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。

Chopsticks are one of the symbols of China. And I know they are very ____111____ (有用的) in eating different kinds of food.
I first knew about them because of a song ____112____ (在……下) the same name. It was a strange word to me at first. Luckily, several ____113____ (月) later, I went to a Chinese restaurant and used chopsticks there. You can’t ____114____ (想象) how many times I dropped them during the dinner. Then I bought a pair of chopsticks and ____115____ (保持) using them at home.
Years later, I came to China and had dinner with some Chinese friends. It was a ____116____ (意外之事) for them that I could use chopsticks well. “If ____117____ (某人) is interested in Chinese history, he will surely learn to use chopsticks.” I ____118____ (开玩笑) with them.
Now as one of the world ____119____ (力量), China is influencing (影响) more places around the world. I’m sure it will be very ____120____ (普通的) for people from other countries to use chopsticks and learn about China.
【答案】
111．useful 112．under 113．months 114．imagine 115．kept 116．surprise 117．someone/somebody 118．joked 119．powers 120．common
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者学用筷子的经历，并觉得中国的影响力越来越大，他认为其他国家的人使用筷子了解中国将是非常普遍的。
111．句意：我知道它们在吃不同种类的食物时非常有用。作be动词的表语用形容词useful“有用的”。故填useful。
112．句意：我第一次知道它们是因为一首同名歌曲。在……之下：under，介词。故填under。
113．句意：幸运的是，几个月后，我去了一家中餐馆，在那里用了筷子。several后加名词复数months“月”。故填months。
114．句意：你无法想象我在晚餐时把它们掉了多少次。想象：imagine，情态动词后加动词原形。故填imagine。
115．句意：然后我买了一双筷子，在家里一直用。保持：keep，根据“bought”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填kept。
116．句意：我能很好地使用筷子，这对他们来说是一个惊喜。a后加可数名词单数surprise“意外之事”。故填surprise。
117．句意：“如果有人对中国历史感兴趣，他一定会学会使用筷子。”我和他们开玩笑说。某人：someone/somebody，不定代词。故填someone/somebody。
118．句意：“如果有人对中国历史感兴趣，他一定会学会使用筷子。”我和他们开玩笑说。开玩笑：joke，根据“I came to China”可知句子用一般过去时。故填joked。
119．句意：现在，作为世界大国之一，中国正在影响世界各地。one of后加名词复数powers“力量”。故填powers。
120．句意：我相信其他国家的人使用筷子了解中国将是非常普遍的。作be动词的表语用形容词common“普通的”。故填common。
（2022春·广东·八年级统考期末）
请用适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词写在空格处，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Do you know the old Chinese story Yugong Moves the Mountains? Now we have a modern story of Yugong in India.
Jalandhar Nayak, a vegetable seller, lived in a poor ____121____ in India. The village was far away from the outside world, ____122____ all the villagers left except Nayak’s family. In the past, it ____123____ his three sons six hours to walk from their school to the village. He didn’t want to see his sons sturmble（摔跤）on the dangerous path any ____124____. He decided to dig a road through the mountain near his village so that his ____125____ could come home more often on weekends or holidays.
Nayak spent two years digging an eight-kilometer ____126____. He worked hard for eight hours every day. He planned to work ____127____ another three years to build the other seven kilometres of the road.
Later, the local government learned about Nayak’s work. ____128____ offered to build the road of the seven kilometers. Nayak not only built a road for his sons but ____129____ hope for them. His act to cut mountains to build a road has ____130____ the hearts of people all over the world. As the saying goes. “Love can move mountains.” This Indian father’s story is a perfect example.
【答案】
121．village 122．so 123．took 124．more 125．Sons 126．road
127．for 128．It 129．also 130．attracted
【导语】本文介绍了现代版印度愚公的故事。
121．句意：蔬菜小贩Jalandhar Nayak住在印度一个贫穷的村庄。根据“The village”可知，是指村庄，故填village。
122．句意：这个村庄远离外界，所以除了Nayak一家，所有村民都离开了。根据“The village was far away from the outside world...all the villagers left except Nayak’s family”可知，因为这个村庄远离外界，所以除了Nayak一家，所有村民都离开。so“所以”符合语境，故填so。
123．句意：过去，他的三个儿子从学校走到村里要花六个小时。分析句子结构可知，此处是it的固定句型，It takes sb some time to do sth“某人花费时间做某事”，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填took。
124．句意：他不想再看到他的儿子们在危险的道路上跌倒。根据“He didn’t want to see his sons sturmble（摔跤）on the dangerous path any”可知，Nayak不想再看到他的儿子们在危险的道路上跌倒。not...any more“不再”，符合语境。故填more。
125．句意：他决定在村子附近的山上挖一条路，这样他的儿子们就可以在周末或节假日经常回家了。根据前文介绍可知，Nayak挖路是为了自己的儿子，所以此处是指他的儿子们，应用sons。故填sons。
126．句意：Nayak花了两年时间挖了一条8公里长的道路。根据“Nayak spent two years digging an eight-kilometer ”可知，是指道路，应用road。故填road。
127．句意：他计划再工作三年，把这条路的另外7公里修完。根据“He planned to work...another three years ”可知，此处是“for+时间段”的结构，故填for。
128．句意：它提出修建这条7公里长的公路。此空是代指政府，应用it。故填It。
129．句意：Nayak不仅为他的儿子们修了一条路，也为他们带来了希望。not only...but also“不但……而且”，是固定表达。故填also。
130．句意：他开山修路的行为，吸引了全世界人民的心。根据“His act to cut mountains to build a road has...the hearts of people all over the world. ”可知，Nayak开山修路的行为，吸引了全世界人民的心。attract“吸引，引起……的好感”符合语境。根据“has”可知，句子是现在完成时，动词应用过去分词。故填attracted。
（2021春·河南洛阳·八年级统考期末）
阅读短文, 根据语篇要求填空, 使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Different Uniforms
People wear uniforms for different reasons. We students wear school uniforms at school to show good disciplines. Firefighters wear special coats and helmets to protect themselves ____131____ heat and falling ceilings. Soldiers wear green clothes to protect themselves in the forest.
When officials dress ____132____ their official uniforms, they look important. When we see airline pilots wearing uniforms at the airport, we believe that they know how to fly the plane. If we have a car accident on the street and we see a police officer in uniforms, ____133____ is easy for patients to find them. Also, their uniforms are ____134____ clean that they can stop the spread of diseases.
Different uniforms show different jobs. So it’s necessary for us ____135____ know different uniforms in our daily life.
【答案】131．from 132．in 133．it 134．so 135．to
【导语】本文讲述了人们穿制服的不同原因。
131．句意： 消防员穿着特殊的外套和头盔以保护自己免受高温和掉落的天花板带来的伤害。根据前文“protect”可知，空处填from，protect sb from sth“保护某人免于遭受……”，故填from。
132．句意： 当官员们穿着他们的官方制服时，他们看起来很重要。根据“dress”和“official uniforms”可知，空处填in，dress in sth“穿……衣服”。故填in。
133．句意：如果我们在街上发生车祸，并且我们看见穿制服的警官，对于病人来说很容易找到他们。根据后文“easy for patients to find them. ”可知，空处填it，作形式主语。故填it。
134．句意：当然，他们的制服是如此的干净，以至于他们可以阻止疾病的蔓延。根据后文“that they can stop the spread of diseases.”可知，空处填so，so…that“如此……以至于”。故填so。
135．句意：所以，对于我们来说，在我们的日常生活中了解不同的制服是很重要的。根据前文“it’s necessary for us”可知，空处填to，it’s+形容词+for sb+to do sth“对于某人来说做某事是……的” ，to do sth作真正的主语。故填to。
（2021春·重庆江津·八年级统考期末）
根据下列短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
It is important for everyone to keep good eyesight (视力). Do you know how to ___136___ your eyesight? Here are some ___137___. You’d better remember them.
First, don’t keep your eyes working for a long time, or your eyes will be tired. You’d better let your eyes have a rest ___138___ you study for about an hour. You can try some different ways. For example, you can look in the long distance.
Second, you’d better not to do such things that are ___139___ for your eyesight. Don’t read in strong or poor light. Don’t read ___140___ bed or on a moving bus. When you read, you should keep the book away from your eyes for about a foot.
Third, you should do eye ___141___ every day. It can relax your eyes. In this way, it helps  ___142___ keep good eyesight.
Remember and ___143___ these rules. I’m sure you will have good eyesight.
【答案】136．protect 137．rules 138．after 139．bad
140．in 141．exercises 142．you 143．follow
【导语】本文主要针对如何保持良好的视力，提出了几点建议。
136．句意：你知道如何保护视力吗？根据不定式符号“to”可知，后接动词原形；根据“It is important for everyone to keep good eyesight (视力).”可知，应该表示“如何保护视力”；“protect”意为“保护”。故填protect。
137．句意：这儿是一些规则。根据最后一段中“Remember and...these rules.”以及本句中的“are”可知，应该填rules。故填rules。
138．句意：在你学习一个小时之后，你最好让你的眼睛休息一下。根据句子结构分析，缺少连词；根据上下句的关系可知，学习一个小时之后，让眼睛休息，所以应该使用“after”，意为“在……之后”引导时间状语从句。故填after。
139．句意：你最好不要做这些对你视力不好的事情。根据情境和“you’d better not to do such things”可知，这些事对你的视力不好；“be bad for”意为“对……不好”。故填bad。
140．句意：不要在床上看书。根据情境可知，应该表示“在床上读书”；“read in bed”意为“在床上看书”。故填in。
141．句意：你应该每天做眼保健操。根据情境和“do eye”可知，应该表示“做眼保健操”；“do eye exercises”意为“做眼保健操”。故填exercises。
142．句意：通过这种方式，它帮助你保持良好的视力。根据本文都是使用第二人称，所以这里应该表示“帮你保持良好的视力”；“help”后接“你”的人称代词宾格“you”。故填you。
143．句意：记住并遵循这些规则。根据情境和“Remember and...these rules.”可知，不仅要记住这些规则，而且要遵循；“follow”意为“遵循”。故填follow。
（2021春·广东广州·八年级校考期末）
Should children help with housework? According to some parents, children should spend their time on schoolwork. However, I don’t think so. Let me e____144____ why.
When I was a kid, I was c____145____. One day, I forgot to bring my English book, so I called my mother to bring it for me. “As a student, you should p____146____ everything for yourself. Making sure that all your books are in your schoolbag is your job, “my mother said on the phone. I knew she was right. It was my r____147____ to plan my own things well.
Now, I become a mother. I often ask my son to do housework. I also ask him to help go shopping and teach him how to buy something better with less money, I believe he can c____148____ for himself well in the future.
【答案】144．(e)xplain 145．(c)areless 146．(p)repare 147．(r)esponsibility 148．(c)are
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者对于孩子应该做家务的看法。
144．句意：让我解释一下原因。根据后面的“why”，结合句意及首字母可知，此处explain表达“解释”，且let后面应跟动词原形。故填(e)xplain。
145．句意：我小时候很粗心。根据后文“I forgot to bring my English book.”可知，作者是一个粗心的人，结合句意和首字母可知，应该是careless“粗心的”，be动词后应跟形容词。故填(c)areless。
146．句意：作为一名学生，你应该为自己准备一切。结合句意和首字母可知, 应该是prepare“准备”，prepare for“为……做准备”，固定短语，情态动词后面应跟动词原形。故填(p)repare。
147．句意：计划好我自己的东西是我的责任。根据上文“Making sure that all your books are in your schoolbag is your job”可知，确保所有的书都在书包里是你自己的本职工作，结合句意和首字母可知，应该是responsibility表达“责任”，形容词性的物主代词后面应跟名词。故填(r)esponsibility。
148．句意：句意：我相信他将来能照顾好自己。结合句意和首字母可知，应该是care表达“照顾”，care for “照顾”，固定短语，情态动词后面应跟动词原形。故填(c)are。
（2021春·湖北武汉·八年级统考期末）
阅读短文，再在其后空白出写出各单词的正确形式单词的第一个字母已给出。
    Are you thirsty for owning a house? It’s probably not a big d_____149_____ for many of us right now, but it is important for Esperanza, the main character of The House on Mango Street.  
    In the book, US author Sandra Cisneros wrote stories about things that h_____150_____ to Esperanza on Mango Street. She experienced u_____151_____ treatment (待遇) as a woman. She saw how unhappy her friends were after m_____152_____ men, because they didn’t have any s_____153_____ position. She saw how people mistrusted (不信任) each other based on their skin color.  
    Esperanza didn’t want to become one of those people. She wanted to be s_____154_____ and independent. She hoped to make her dream come true. In order to r_____155_____ away from this endless “prison”. Esperanza and her family tried to get a house of their own to get out of the poor s_____156_____ they were in.  
    In my opinion, the book doesn’t s_____157_____ tell us the stories of a girl on Mango Street. It’s also about being independent. We must always remember that nobody can control us. We should keep our independence. And one day, we will r______158______ our dreams.
【答案】
149．(d)eal 150．(h)appened 151．(u)nfair 152．(m)arrying 153．(s)ocial 154．(s)trong 155．(r)un 156．(s)ituation 157．(s)imply 158．(r)ealize
【导语】本文介绍了《芒果街的小屋》中主人公Esperanza的故事。
149．句意：对于我们许多人来说，现在这可能并不是什么大事，但对于芒果街房子的主人公Esperanza来说，这很重要。根据“Are you thirsty for owning a house?”和“but it is important for Esperanza”可知，拥有自己的房子对现在的人来说不是什么大事，a big deal“一件大事”。故填(d)eal。
150．句意：在这本书中，美国作家SandraCisneros讲述了芒果街的Esperanza发生的事情。根据“wrote stories about things that … to Esperanza on Mango Street”可知，此处表示“发生的事情”，happen“发生”，根据“wrote”可知，时态为一般过去时，空格处为过去式happened。故填(h)appened。
151．句意：她作为女人受到了不公平的待遇。根据“She saw how unhappy her friends were after ... because they didn’t have any … position”和“She saw how people mistrusted (不信任) each other based on their skin color.”可知，此处指遭受了不公平的待遇，unfair“不公平的”，形容词作定语，修饰treatment。故填(u)nfair。
152．句意：她看到她的朋友们嫁给男人后是多么的不开心，因为她们没有任何社会地位。根据“She saw how unhappy her friends were after … men”可知，此处指嫁给男人后不开心，marry“嫁”，after为介词，后面跟动名词“marrying”。故填(m)arrying。
153．句意：她看到她的朋友们嫁给男人后是多么的不开心，因为她们没有任何社会地位。根据“She saw how unhappy her friends were after … because they didn’t have any … position”可知，此处指没有社会地位，social“社会的”，形容词作定语修饰position。故填(s)ocial。
154．句意：她想变得坚强和独立。根据“Esperanza didn’t want to become one of those people. She wanted to be … and independent.”可知，空格处应是和independent感情色彩一致的形容词，结合首字母应填strong“坚强的”。故填(s)trong。
155．句意：为了逃离这个无尽的“监狱”。根据“endless ‘prison’”可知，此处指逃离监狱，run away from“逃离”。故填(r)un。
156．句意：Esperanza和她的家人试图拥有自己的房子，以摆脱他们所处的贫困状况。根据“get out of the poor … they were in.”并结合首字母可知，此处指摆脱贫困的状况，situation“状况”，名词。故填(s)ituation。
157．句意：在我看来，这本书不仅仅告诉我们芒果街上一个女孩的故事。根据“It’s also about being independent.”可知，这本书不仅仅告诉我们一个故事，simply“仅仅”，副词，修饰动词tell。故填(s)imply。
158．句意：总有一天，我们会梦想成真。根据上文“She hoped to make her dream come true.”可知，这本书让我们记住的是终有一天我们的梦想会实现，realize“实现”，动词，will后面跟动词原形。故填(r)ealize。