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【期末备考】2023年上海市八年级下学期期末复习英语试卷-A卷（附答案解析）
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这是一份【期末备考】2023年上海市八年级下学期期末复习英语试卷-A卷（附答案解析），共15页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，短文选词填空(，用所给单词的正确形式填空，改写句子，划线部分提问(，同义句转化，将所给单词连成句子，阅读单选等内容，欢迎下载使用。
【期末备考】2023年上海市八年级下学期期末复习英语试卷
-A卷（附答案解析）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号
一、单项选择
1．Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?
A．release B．treatment C．measure D．increase
2．We are destroying our best friends that can protect the earth ______ flooding and soil erosion.
A．against B．for C．from D．off
3．Over _________ readers got the gifts from the company.
A．ten thousand B．thousands of C．five hundred of D．hundreds of
4．The number of the people in the world _________ growing faster and faster.
A．is B．are C．have D．were
5．A research shows that only ________ pollution will be harmful to the ecosystem.
A．few B．a few C．little D．a little
6．Good habits _________ help us a lot and we will make great progress.
A．can B．mustn’t C．need D．may not
7．With the development of technology, our life becomes much ______.
A．convenient B．more convenient C．conveniently D．more conveniently
8．Almost everyone today uses electricity in one way or ________.
A．the other B．the others C．another D．other
9．Remember ________ your mask when you go out.
A．not to wear B．not wearing C．to wear D．wearing
10．Be quiet! Rena ________ the passage for her exam.
A．writes B．is writing C．has written D．wrote
11．You can catch the first train to Nanjing ________ you can get up early enough.
A．if B．because C．although D．unless
12．As a new diplomat, he often thinks of ________ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A．which B．how C．what D．that
13．______ important advice we’ve got from Doctor Ray!
A．How B．What an C．What D．How an
14．Could you tell me ________?
A．what do you mean by liquid gold B．what did you mean by liquid gold
C．what’s your mean by liquid gold D．what you mean by liquid gold
15．—Thank you for always being there to support me.
—________. Let me know if you need any help.
A．Never mind B．Don’t worry C．Not at all D．With pleasure
二、短文选词填空(
A．ate B．All in all C． so D．caused E. never F. as G. surprise
“About half of the adults in the United States drink a soda every day,” Physician Leland, MD stated. “But I’m sure if that more adults knew what they were doing to their bodies, they would work hard to ____16____ drink soda again.”In one study, four groups of adults ____17____ their normal diet for six months plus a liter of sugared soda per day, a liter of diet soda per day, a liter of milk per day, or a liter of water per day. No ____18____, the sugared soda group gained 22 pounds. The diet soda group gained 3.5 pounds. The milk group stayed the same. The water group lost 4.5 pounds. Now, 3.5 is better than 22 pounds, but they still gained weight even without the calories. And the milk has ____19____ many calories as the sugared soda, so why didn’t that group gain weight? It seemed that the diet sweetener(甜味剂) still ____20____ problems.
____21____, it’s always better to reach for water when you’re thirsty.
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空
22．The little blue cartoon Smurfs were planning to celebrate their ________ birthday. (fifty)
23．According to a report, AI is expected to ______ 85 million jobs worldwide by 2025. (place)
24．Your car is designed to give you different types of ________ when things go wrong. (warn)
25．The coach explained how to wear a mask ______ at the gym. (comfortable)
26．The body produces ________ that are natural painkillers. (chemistry)
27．He looked ______ and confident before the match. (relax)
28．I’d been waiting for thirty minutes and I was getting ______. (patient)
四、改写句子
29．The river rose thirteen centimetres after the heavy rain.（改为否定句）
The river ________ ________ thirteen centrimetres after the heavy rain.
30．He has hardly bought any vegetables this month.（改为反意疑问句）
He has hardly bought any vegetables this month, ________ ________?
五、划线部分提问(
31．We should plant more trees to help protect our environment.（对划线部分提问）
__________ __________ we plant more trees?
六、同义句转化
32．Sam was so tired that he couldn’t continue driving the car. （保持句意不变）
Sam was ________ tired ________ continue driving the car.
七、将所给单词连成句子
33．is, our, city, than before, beautiful, more, much (连词成句)
______________________________________________________________________.
八、阅读单选
On March 22nd, World Water Day is a day to celebrate water and make a difference for people who do not have the water they need.
The truth about the world
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink? That’s around 1 in 10 people in the world.
But what does this mean?
If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases from the bacteria (细菌) and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from dirty water. That’s around 1,400 children every day! In Ghana, 85% of all disease are from dirty water, and in Nicaragua, 75% of the people don’t have clean drinking water. Also, in some countries children walk many kilometers every day to get water, they can’t go to school so they don’t learn how to read and write and don’t get an education.
Water for everyone
In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water. On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water. People organize events to raise money.
For World Water Day, some people in the UK walk, run or cycle 10 km, others climb mountains or even jump from an aeroplane and skydive to the ground. At one school, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6 km with 6 litres of water, so they can see how it feels to walk along distance carrying heavy bottles of water. People give them money to do these things and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
34．The passage is mainly about _________.
A．water festival B．World Earth Day
C．drinking water around the world D．how to save water
35．All over the world, _________ of the people can’t have clean drinking water.
A．10% B．20% C．85% D．75%
36．About _________ children die from dirty water in the world every day.
A．750 B．500,000 C．1,400 D．850
37．In some countries, children walk many kilometres away from home because _________.
A．they need to go to school B．their parents are busy
C．they are told to do so D．there is no clean water nearby
38．The underlined word “educate” in the third part means _________.
A．teach in class B．make someone know
C．talk with D．make fun of
39．In the UK, people DO NOT _________ on World Water Day.
A．raise money to help the homeless people
B．jump from aeroplanes and skydive to the ground
C．walk with 6 litres of water for 6 kilometres
D．walk, run or cycle 10 km
九、完形填空
All living things need energy to survive. Humans get their energy by eating food, but it’s ____40____ for plants. Plants create their own food through the process of “photosynthesis (光合作用)”. Plants take energy from the sun and use it to turn water and carbon dioxide into a type of sugar. Through photosynthesis, plants not only create their own food, but they also ____41____ oxygen into the air. Photosynthesis is a complex process. First, the green coloring in leaves (chlorophyll 叶绿素) gets light energy from the sun. The sun becomes an important part of the process because it “____42____” the food for the plants. Similar to the way sunlight is taken into the leaves, the plant also takes in carbon dioxide. From its ____43____, the plant gets water from the ground. The combination (组合) of light, gas and water completes the process of photosynthesis. Scientists believe that without plants, people would not be able to live. While ____44____ provide living things on Earth with oxygen, they also help balance the different gases in the air, especially carbon dioxide. Humans and animals take in air and let out carbon dioxide. Nature produces this gas in other ways. Without carbon dioxide, plants would be hungry. ____45____, there is an important relationship between humans and plants. They both provide something the other needs.
40．A．important B．different C．necessary D．interesting
41．A．get B．spread C．add D．release
42．A．cooks B．eats C．wets D．dries
43．A．leaves B．fruits C．heads D．roots
44．A．plants B．people C．trees D．animals
45．A．However B．Finally C．Therefore D．Suddenly
十、短文首字母填空
在短文的空格内填入恰当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Sissy is an elephant and she was very quiet when she arrived at her new home. The elephant shelters in Tennessee (田纳西州). Like people, elephants are social. They will be happy and h____46____ if they live with family and friends.
But Sissy was d____47____. She was not used to other elephants. She had spent 30 years alone in zoos. Now she was suddenly facing a 2,700-acre land with several other elephants. At f____48____, she carried a tire (轮胎) with her e____49____, like a security blanket. That’s what she did in the zoos. But Montgomery, an educator at the shelter, said that the staff wasn’t too worried because it’s elephants’ n____50____ to be with family and friends. They believed Sissy would adapt (适应).
Several months later, another elephant—Winky arrived. In no time, Sissy and Winky became friends and were seldom apart. They swam together and had meals together. One day, Sissy w____51____ away from her tire. That was a good sign.
Sissy, Winky and all the elephants there were retired or rescued from zoos or circuses. Although they are not from the same family, they can learn to s____52____ the same space and many of them become close companions.
十一、阅读回答问题
In Singapore, many middle school students do the same thing like us. On one hand, they spend a lot of time on their studies. People think getting high points is good for their future. So, many students try their best to get high points in their exams. They have a lot of homework every day and exams are usually difficult. They have to work hard to achieve a good score. Sometimes, some of them have to go to remedial(补习的) classes after school.
On the other hand, there are many after-school activities for students: sports, games, music, dance and so on. They are also very happy to do community service.
In their free time, most students like to listen to music. Different kinds of movies are also very popular with them. Some of them also spend their free time talking with their friends and playing computer games on the Internet.
They sometimes go to coffee shops, fast food restaurants, shopping centers and big bookstores. So it seems the middle school students’ life in Singapore is not easy but it is _____79_____
53．Why do students try their best to get high points in exams?
____________________________________________________________
54．What do most students like to do in their free time?
____________________________________________________________
55．What do some students do on the Internet?
____________________________________________________________
56．Is middle school students’ life in Singapore hard?
____________________________________________________________
57．What is the passage mainly about?
____________________________________________________________
58．Complete the sentence in the text:
So it seems the middle school students’ life in Singapore is not easy but it is _____________.
十二、作文
59．Write at least 60 words on the given topic (根据以下话题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)
There are a lot of useful resources in our life. Please choose one and write at least 60 words about the topic “The importance of ____________”
(我们的生活中有许多有用的资源，请选取一种以“____________ 的重要性”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文。标点符号不占格。)
Suggested questions:
Why is the thing important?
What can we do with it?
What can we do to protect it?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】句意：下面哪个带下划线的部分发音不同？
考查单词发音。release/rɪˈliːs/；treatment/ˈtriːtmənt/；measure/ˈmeʒə(r)/；increase/ɪnˈkriːs /。根据四个单词的音标可知，C选项和其他选项不同。故选C。
2．C
【详解】句意：我们正在破坏我们最好的朋友，它们可以保护地球免受洪水和水土流失之害。
考查介词辨析和固定短语。against抵御；for为了；from（使）免遭；off从……离开。根据“protect the earth ...flooding and soil erosion.”可知，此处指保护地球免遭洪水和水土流失之害，用短语protect...from...表示“保护……免遭……之害”。故选C。
3．A
【详解】句意：超过1万名读者收到了该公司的礼物。
考查数词。ten thousand一万；thousands of成千上万的；five hundred of……中的五百……；hundreds of成百上千的。根据“Over”可知，其后应接具体的数目，B和D均表示非具体数目，故排除。选项C在此处用法错误，排除。故选A。
4．A
【详解】句意：世界人口的数量正在越来越快地增长。
考查主谓一致。is存在，是，be的第三人称单数现在时形式；are是，be的第二人称单复数现在时，第一、三人称复数现在时；have有；were是（are的过去式），be的过去时复数和第二人称单数形式。根据空后的growing（grow的现在分词形式）可知，用进行时态，其结构是be doing，the number of表示“……的数量”时，它是一个整体，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故选A。
5．D
【详解】句意：一项研究表明，只要少量的污染就会对生态系统有害。
考查词义辨析。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；a few有一点，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little有一点，修饰不可数名词。根据“A research shows that only...pollution will be harmful to the ecosystem.”可知，一点污染也会对生态系统有害，修饰不可数名词pollution。故选D。
6．A
【详解】句意：良好的习惯可以帮助我们很多，我们会取得很大的进步。
考查情态动词。can能够；mustn’t禁止；need需要；may not可能不。根据“Good habits...help us a lot”可知良好的习惯能够帮助我们很多。故选A。
7．B
【详解】句意：随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得更加方便。
考查形容词比较级。convenient“方便的”，形容词；conveniently“便利地”，副词。becomes后应跟形容词作表语，且much修饰比较级，所以空处用形容词的比较级。故选B。
8．C
【详解】句意：如今几乎每个人都以这样或那样的方式使用电。
考查不定代词。the other两者中的另一个；the others特指剩下的全部；another泛指同类事物中三者或三者以上中“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词；other其他的，表示泛指。in one way or another“以这样或那样的方式”，在此符合题意。故选C。
9．C
【详解】句意：出门时记得戴口罩。
考查动词短语。remember to do sth“记得做某事（还未做）”；remember doing sth“记得做某事（已做过）”。此处“戴口罩”的动作还未发生，应用remember to do sth，排除BD选项；另外出门应该戴口罩，故选C。
10．B
【详解】句意：安静点！瑞娜正在为考试写文章。
考查动词时态。根据“Be quiet!”可知，此处描述的动作正在发生，应用现在进行时。故选B。
11．A
【详解】句意：如果你能起得足够早，你就能赶上去南京的第一班火车。
考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；although尽管；unless除非。根据“You can catch the first train to Nanjing...you can get up early enough.”可知后句是前句的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
12．B
【详解】句意：作为一名新的外交官，他经常考虑在这样的场合他怎样可以反应得更加合适。
考查宾语从句引导词。which“哪一个”；how“怎样”；what“什么”；that“那个”。句中think of后接宾语从句，由句子“he can react more appropriately on such occasions.”可知，句子需用副词修饰。故选B。
13．C
【详解】句意：雷医生给了我们多么重要的建议啊！
考查感叹句。中心词advice是不可数名词，用what引导的感叹句结构：what+形容词+不可数名词+主谓，故选C。
14．D
【详解】句意：你能告诉我液态黄金是什么意思吗？
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AB；mean是实义动词，C语法错误。故选D。
15．C
【详解】句意：——谢谢你一直支持我。——不客气。如果你需要帮助，请告诉我。
考查情景交际。Never mind没关系；Don’t worry别担心；Not at all不客气；With pleasure我很乐意。根据“Thank you for always being there to support me.”可知，应回答“不客气”。故选C。
16．E 17．A 18．G 19．F 20．D 21．B
【导语】本文主要介绍经常喝苏打水的坏处，建议我们口渴的时候最好还是喝水。
16．句意：但我敢肯定，如果更多的成年人知道他们对自己的身体做了什么，他们会努力不再喝苏打水。根据“But I’m sure if that more adults knew what they were doing to their bodies, they would work hard to...drink soda again.”可知，如果知道苏打水的坏处，就不会再喝了，never“从不”符合语境。故选E。
17．句意：在一项研究中，四组成年人在六个月的时间里保持正常饮食，每天喝一升含糖苏打水、一升无糖苏打水、一升牛奶或一升水。根据“In one study, four groups of adults...their normal diet”可知，正常饮食，ate“吃”符合语境。故选A。
18．句意：毫无疑问，喝含糖苏打水的那组体重增加了22磅。根据“No..., the sugared soda group gained 22 pounds.”可知，喝含糖苏打水的那组体重增加是毫无疑问的，surprise“惊讶”符合语境。故选G。
19．句意：而且牛奶的卡路里含量和含糖苏打水一样多，那为什么这组人的体重没有增加呢？根据“And the milk has...many calories as the sugared soda”可知，此处是as many+可数名词复数+as结构，意为“像……一样多”。故选F。
20．句意：看来饮食甜味剂仍然会造成问题。根据“It seemed that the diet sweetener(甜味剂) still...problems.”可知，甜味剂造成问题，caused“造成”符合语境。故选D。
21．句意：总而言之，当你口渴的时候，最好去拿水喝。根据“..., it’s always better to reach for water when you’re thirsty.”可知，此处选择副词短语All in all“总而言之”，修饰整个句子。故选B。
22．fiftieth
【详解】句意：蓝色卡通《蓝精灵》正计划庆祝它们的五十岁生日。此处在句中作定语修饰birthday，用序数词形式，故填fiftieth。
23．replace
【详解】句意：根据一份报告，到2025年，人工智能预计将取代全球8500万个工作岗位。be expected to do sth“预计做某事”，所以空处用动词原形，结合所给词place和“AI is expected to ... 85 million jobs worldwide”可知，此处应是指人工智能将取代全球8500万个工作岗位，replace“取代”，故填replace。
24．warnings
【详解】句意：当出现问题时，你的汽车会给你不同类型的警告。此处在句中作宾语，用名词warning表示“警告”，“different types of”修饰可数名词复数。故填warnings。
25．comfortably
【详解】句意：教练解释了如何在健身房舒适地戴口罩。comfortable“舒服的”，形容词，此处应用其副词形式comfortably，修饰动词wear。故填comfortably。
26．chemicals
【详解】句意：身体产生的化学物质是天然的止痛药。chemistry“化学”，根据“The body produces...”及所给词可知，身体产生的应是化学物质，chemical“化学物”，此处表示泛指，所以用复数形式，故填chemicals。
27．relaxed
【详解】句意：赛前他看起来既放松又自信。此处在句中修饰人，作表语，用relaxed表示“轻松的”。故填relaxed。
28．impatient
【详解】句意：我已经等了三十分钟，越来越不耐烦了。get在这里是连系动词，后接形容词。根据“I’d been waiting for thirty minutes”可知，等了三十分钟，所以此处指不耐烦了，impatient“不耐烦的”，故填impatient。
29． didn’t
rise
【详解】句意：大雨过后，河水上涨了13厘米。本句是一般过去时，rose是实义动词rise的过去式。所以变为否定句，需借助助动词did，否定式为didn’t，后加动词原形。故填didn’t；rise。
30． has he
【详解】句意：这个月他几乎没有买任何蔬菜。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。陈述部分hardly“几乎不”，表示否定意义，所以反问部分用肯定形式。本句是现在完成时，所以助动词用has，主语是he。故填has；he。
31． Why should
【详解】句意：我们要多种树来保护环境。划线部分表示“为了保护环境”，所以提问用why，表示“为什么”，情态动词should不变，放在主语前。故填Why；should。
32． too to
【详解】句意：萨姆太累了，不能继续开车了。原句是so...that引导的结果状语从句，可以转换成too...to...的结构，表示“太累了而不能继续开车”，故填too，to。
33．Our city is much more beautiful than before
【详解】根据所给标点可知，应用陈述句形式，分析所给单词，our city作主语，is作谓语，more beautiful作表语，此时形容词比较级前可以用much修饰，表程度，即为much more beautiful，than before应放于比较级之后。故填Our city is much more beautiful than before“我们的城市比以前漂亮多了”。
34．C 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了目前饮水资源的情况和人们设立世界水日来提醒人们清洁饮水资源的重要性等。
34．主旨大意题。根据“ Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink? ”、“ In Ghana, 85% of all disease ...”和“On this day every year, countries around the world”可知，全文介绍世界各地的饮用水。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据“Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink? That’s around 1 in 10 people in the world”可知，全世界有10%的人喝不到干净的饮用水。故选A。
36．细节理解题。根据“Every year over 500,000 children die from dirty water. That’s around 1,400 children every day!”可知，世界上每天有1400名儿童因为不干净的饮用水而死亡。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“Also, in some countries children walk many kilometers every day to get water”可知，因为附近没有干净的水。故选D。
38．词义猜测题。根据“ On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water”可知，每年的这一天，世界各国都会举办活动，让人们了解污水的问题，所以划线部分单词表示“让人们知道，让人们明白”。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ For World Water Day, some people in the UK walk, run or cycle 10km, others climb mountains or even jump from an aeroplane and skydive to the ground ”和“At one school, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6 km with 6 litres of water,”可知，人们不会筹钱去帮助无家可归的人。故选A。
40．B 41．D 42．A 43．D 44．A 45．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了植物是如何生产食物以及制造氧气的。
40．句意：人类通过食物获得能量，但对于植物来说是不一样的。
important重要的；different不同的；necessary必要的；interesting有趣的。根据“Humans get their energy by eating food, but it’s...for plants.”可知，人获得能量的方式与植物获取能量的方式是不一样的，所以此空应该是different“不同的”。故选B。
41．句意：通过光合作用，植物不仅能创造它们自己的食物，也能向空气中释放出氧气。
get获得；spread传播；add添加；release释放。根据“Through photosynthesis, plants not only create their own food, but they also...oxygen into the air.”可知，此处应表示为植物通过光合作用，可向空气中释放出氧气，所以此空应是release。故选D。
42．句意：太阳成了这个过程中很重要的一部分，因为它会给植物“烹饪”食物。
cooks烹饪；eats吃；wets使潮湿；dries弄干。根据“First, the green coloring in leaves (chlorophyll 叶绿素) gets light energy from the sun. The sun becomes an important part of the process because it “...” the food for the plants.”可知，叶绿素从太阳光中获得光能，从而进行光合作用，所以此时太阳光（太阳）就起到了很重要的作用，有了它才能给植物“烹饪”食物。故选A。
43．句意：植物通过根部从地里获得水分。
leaves叶子；fruits果实；heads头部；roots根部。根据“From its...the plant gets water from the ground.”可知，植物应是通过根部获得水分的。故选D。
44．句意：而植物在为地球上的生物提供氧气时，它们也有助于平衡空气中的不同气体，尤其是二氧化碳。
plants植物；people人们；trees树；animals动物。根据“While...provide living things on Earth with oxygen”可知，此处应是表示植物给地球上的生物提供氧气。故选A。
45．句意：因此，人类与植物之间有着重要的关系。
However可是；Finally最终；Therefore因此；Suddenly突然。根据上文“While...provide living things on Earth with oxygen, they also help balance the different gases in the air, especially carbon dioxide...Without carbon dioxide, plants would be hungry.”可知，植物为地球上的生物（包括人类）提供氧气，人和动物则会呼出二氧化碳，而若没有二氧化碳，植物也会“饿”，所以此句“...there is an important relationship between humans and plants.”与上文存在因果关系，此空应是therefore“因此”。故选C。
46．(h)ealthy 47．(d)ifferent 48．(f)irst 49．(e)veryday/(e)verywhere 50．(n)ature 51．(w)alked 52．(s)hare
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一头叫茜茜的大象，刚到大象收容所时，她很安静，很孤独，很不适应那里的生活，但几个月后，另一头大象温基来了，它们成为了好朋友，收容所的一名教育工作者蒙哥马利认为大象的天性是与家人和朋友在一起。
46．句意：如果他们与家人和朋友住在一起，他们会幸福健康。根据“They will be happy and...if they live with family and friends.”及首字母提示可知，他们会幸福健康，and连接并列关系，空处需填与happy并列的形容词，作表语，healthy“健康的”，形容词。故填(h)ealthy。
47．句意：但茜茜不同。根据“But Sissy was...”及首字母提示可知，茜茜是不同的，“be+形容词”构成系表结构，空处需填形容词，作表语，different“不同的”，形容词。故填(d)ifferent。
48．句意：起初，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，就像一条安全毯。根据“At..., she carried a tire with her..., like a security blanket.”及首字母提示可知，起初，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，固定搭配at first表示“起初”，作状语，first“起初”，副词。故填(f)irst。
49．句意：起初，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，就像一条安全毯。根据“At..., she carried a tire with her..., like a security blanket.”及首字母提示可知，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，空处需填副词，作状语，副词everyday“每天”和everywhere“到处，所有地方”均符合语境。故填(e)veryday/(e)verywhere。
50．句意：但是，收容所的一名教育工作者蒙哥马利说，工作人员不太担心，因为与家人和朋友在一起是大象的天性。根据“But Montgomery, an educator at the shelter, said that the staff wasn’t too worried because it’s elephants’...to be with family and friends.”及首字母提示可知，与家人和朋友在一起是大象的天性，it的特殊句型“It’s+名词+to do sth.”表示“做某事是……”，名词所有格elephants’后需填名词，作表语，nature“天性”，名词。故填(n)ature。
51．句意：一天，茜茜离开了她的轮胎。根据“One day, Sissy...away from her tire.”及首字母提示可知，茜茜从她的轮胎走开，时态为过去时，动词用过去式，walk away from sth表示“从……走开”，walked“走”，动词walk的过去式或过去分词。故填(w)alked。
52．句意：虽然它们不是来自同一个家庭，但它们可以学会共享同一个空间并且它们中的许多成了亲密的伙伴。根据“Although they are not from the same family, they can learn to...the same space and many of them become close companions.”及首字母提示可知，它们可以学着共享同一个空间，“share the same+名词”表示“共享同一事物”，不定式to后需填动词原形，作宾语，share“共享”，动词。故填(s)hare。
53．Because they think getting high points is good for their future. 54．Most students like to listen to music. 55．They talk with their friends and play computer games. 56．Yes, it is. 57．The Singapore students’ school life. 58．rich and colourful
【导语】本文主要讲述了新加坡学生的学校生活。
53．根据“People think getting high points is good for their future”可知他们认为获得高分对他们的未来有好处。故填Because they think getting high points is good for their future.
54．根据“In their free time, most students like to listen to music.”可知大部分学生闲暇的时候喜欢听音乐。故填Most students like to listen to music.
55．根据“Some of them also spend their free time talking with their friends and playing computer games on the Internet”可知他们中的一些人还把空闲时间花在与朋友聊天和在网上玩电脑游戏上。故填They talk with their friends and play computer games.
56．根据“So it seems the middle school students’ life in Singapore is not easy”可知新加坡中学生的生活也不是很容易。故填Yes, it is.
57．根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了新加坡学生的学校生活。故填The Singapore students’ school life.
58．根据全文内容可知，新加坡的学生不单单只是上学，课后活动有体育，音乐，游戏，跳舞等，所以还是很丰富多彩的。故填rich and colourful。
59．例文
The importance of saving water
It is widely accepted that the role of water cannot be replaced by any other thing in our daily life, but few people are aware that the fresh water is reducing sharply. So, what should we do?
As far as I am concerned, we should use water twice or more. For example, we can use water after cleaning the rice to water the plants. Furthermore, turn off the tap whenever we stop using it. Last but not least, polluted water should be dealt with in time to keep the river clean because we cannot live without water.
From what has been discussed above, we should pay close attention to daily water. Let’s act now to save water.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
② 时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：写作时需要围绕题干提出的问题展开，并可适当发挥，突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点题，并引出要保护的资源；
第二步，详细介绍采取的措施；
第三步，最后进行总结。
[亮点词汇]
① as far as I am concerned就我而言
② turn off关闭
③ last but not least最后
[高分句型]
① It is widely accepted that the role of water cannot be replaced by any other thing in our daily life, but few people are aware that the fresh water is reducing sharply.（it作形式主语）
②Furthermore, turn off the tap whenever we stop using it. （whenever引导的时间状语从句）
【期末备考】2023年上海市八年级下学期期末复习英语试卷
-A卷（附答案解析）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号
一、单项选择
1．Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?
A．release B．treatment C．measure D．increase
2．We are destroying our best friends that can protect the earth ______ flooding and soil erosion.
A．against B．for C．from D．off
3．Over _________ readers got the gifts from the company.
A．ten thousand B．thousands of C．five hundred of D．hundreds of
4．The number of the people in the world _________ growing faster and faster.
A．is B．are C．have D．were
5．A research shows that only ________ pollution will be harmful to the ecosystem.
A．few B．a few C．little D．a little
6．Good habits _________ help us a lot and we will make great progress.
A．can B．mustn’t C．need D．may not
7．With the development of technology, our life becomes much ______.
A．convenient B．more convenient C．conveniently D．more conveniently
8．Almost everyone today uses electricity in one way or ________.
A．the other B．the others C．another D．other
9．Remember ________ your mask when you go out.
A．not to wear B．not wearing C．to wear D．wearing
10．Be quiet! Rena ________ the passage for her exam.
A．writes B．is writing C．has written D．wrote
11．You can catch the first train to Nanjing ________ you can get up early enough.
A．if B．because C．although D．unless
12．As a new diplomat, he often thinks of ________ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A．which B．how C．what D．that
13．______ important advice we’ve got from Doctor Ray!
A．How B．What an C．What D．How an
14．Could you tell me ________?
A．what do you mean by liquid gold B．what did you mean by liquid gold
C．what’s your mean by liquid gold D．what you mean by liquid gold
15．—Thank you for always being there to support me.
—________. Let me know if you need any help.
A．Never mind B．Don’t worry C．Not at all D．With pleasure
二、短文选词填空(
A．ate B．All in all C． so D．caused E. never F. as G. surprise
“About half of the adults in the United States drink a soda every day,” Physician Leland, MD stated. “But I’m sure if that more adults knew what they were doing to their bodies, they would work hard to ____16____ drink soda again.”In one study, four groups of adults ____17____ their normal diet for six months plus a liter of sugared soda per day, a liter of diet soda per day, a liter of milk per day, or a liter of water per day. No ____18____, the sugared soda group gained 22 pounds. The diet soda group gained 3.5 pounds. The milk group stayed the same. The water group lost 4.5 pounds. Now, 3.5 is better than 22 pounds, but they still gained weight even without the calories. And the milk has ____19____ many calories as the sugared soda, so why didn’t that group gain weight? It seemed that the diet sweetener(甜味剂) still ____20____ problems.
____21____, it’s always better to reach for water when you’re thirsty.
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空
22．The little blue cartoon Smurfs were planning to celebrate their ________ birthday. (fifty)
23．According to a report, AI is expected to ______ 85 million jobs worldwide by 2025. (place)
24．Your car is designed to give you different types of ________ when things go wrong. (warn)
25．The coach explained how to wear a mask ______ at the gym. (comfortable)
26．The body produces ________ that are natural painkillers. (chemistry)
27．He looked ______ and confident before the match. (relax)
28．I’d been waiting for thirty minutes and I was getting ______. (patient)
四、改写句子
29．The river rose thirteen centimetres after the heavy rain.（改为否定句）
The river ________ ________ thirteen centrimetres after the heavy rain.
30．He has hardly bought any vegetables this month.（改为反意疑问句）
He has hardly bought any vegetables this month, ________ ________?
五、划线部分提问(
31．We should plant more trees to help protect our environment.（对划线部分提问）
__________ __________ we plant more trees?
六、同义句转化
32．Sam was so tired that he couldn’t continue driving the car. （保持句意不变）
Sam was ________ tired ________ continue driving the car.
七、将所给单词连成句子
33．is, our, city, than before, beautiful, more, much (连词成句)
______________________________________________________________________.
八、阅读单选
On March 22nd, World Water Day is a day to celebrate water and make a difference for people who do not have the water they need.
The truth about the world
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink? That’s around 1 in 10 people in the world.
But what does this mean?
If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases from the bacteria (细菌) and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from dirty water. That’s around 1,400 children every day! In Ghana, 85% of all disease are from dirty water, and in Nicaragua, 75% of the people don’t have clean drinking water. Also, in some countries children walk many kilometers every day to get water, they can’t go to school so they don’t learn how to read and write and don’t get an education.
Water for everyone
In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water. On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water. People organize events to raise money.
For World Water Day, some people in the UK walk, run or cycle 10 km, others climb mountains or even jump from an aeroplane and skydive to the ground. At one school, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6 km with 6 litres of water, so they can see how it feels to walk along distance carrying heavy bottles of water. People give them money to do these things and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
34．The passage is mainly about _________.
A．water festival B．World Earth Day
C．drinking water around the world D．how to save water
35．All over the world, _________ of the people can’t have clean drinking water.
A．10% B．20% C．85% D．75%
36．About _________ children die from dirty water in the world every day.
A．750 B．500,000 C．1,400 D．850
37．In some countries, children walk many kilometres away from home because _________.
A．they need to go to school B．their parents are busy
C．they are told to do so D．there is no clean water nearby
38．The underlined word “educate” in the third part means _________.
A．teach in class B．make someone know
C．talk with D．make fun of
39．In the UK, people DO NOT _________ on World Water Day.
A．raise money to help the homeless people
B．jump from aeroplanes and skydive to the ground
C．walk with 6 litres of water for 6 kilometres
D．walk, run or cycle 10 km
九、完形填空
All living things need energy to survive. Humans get their energy by eating food, but it’s ____40____ for plants. Plants create their own food through the process of “photosynthesis (光合作用)”. Plants take energy from the sun and use it to turn water and carbon dioxide into a type of sugar. Through photosynthesis, plants not only create their own food, but they also ____41____ oxygen into the air. Photosynthesis is a complex process. First, the green coloring in leaves (chlorophyll 叶绿素) gets light energy from the sun. The sun becomes an important part of the process because it “____42____” the food for the plants. Similar to the way sunlight is taken into the leaves, the plant also takes in carbon dioxide. From its ____43____, the plant gets water from the ground. The combination (组合) of light, gas and water completes the process of photosynthesis. Scientists believe that without plants, people would not be able to live. While ____44____ provide living things on Earth with oxygen, they also help balance the different gases in the air, especially carbon dioxide. Humans and animals take in air and let out carbon dioxide. Nature produces this gas in other ways. Without carbon dioxide, plants would be hungry. ____45____, there is an important relationship between humans and plants. They both provide something the other needs.
40．A．important B．different C．necessary D．interesting
41．A．get B．spread C．add D．release
42．A．cooks B．eats C．wets D．dries
43．A．leaves B．fruits C．heads D．roots
44．A．plants B．people C．trees D．animals
45．A．However B．Finally C．Therefore D．Suddenly
十、短文首字母填空
在短文的空格内填入恰当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Sissy is an elephant and she was very quiet when she arrived at her new home. The elephant shelters in Tennessee (田纳西州). Like people, elephants are social. They will be happy and h____46____ if they live with family and friends.
But Sissy was d____47____. She was not used to other elephants. She had spent 30 years alone in zoos. Now she was suddenly facing a 2,700-acre land with several other elephants. At f____48____, she carried a tire (轮胎) with her e____49____, like a security blanket. That’s what she did in the zoos. But Montgomery, an educator at the shelter, said that the staff wasn’t too worried because it’s elephants’ n____50____ to be with family and friends. They believed Sissy would adapt (适应).
Several months later, another elephant—Winky arrived. In no time, Sissy and Winky became friends and were seldom apart. They swam together and had meals together. One day, Sissy w____51____ away from her tire. That was a good sign.
Sissy, Winky and all the elephants there were retired or rescued from zoos or circuses. Although they are not from the same family, they can learn to s____52____ the same space and many of them become close companions.
十一、阅读回答问题
In Singapore, many middle school students do the same thing like us. On one hand, they spend a lot of time on their studies. People think getting high points is good for their future. So, many students try their best to get high points in their exams. They have a lot of homework every day and exams are usually difficult. They have to work hard to achieve a good score. Sometimes, some of them have to go to remedial(补习的) classes after school.
On the other hand, there are many after-school activities for students: sports, games, music, dance and so on. They are also very happy to do community service.
In their free time, most students like to listen to music. Different kinds of movies are also very popular with them. Some of them also spend their free time talking with their friends and playing computer games on the Internet.
They sometimes go to coffee shops, fast food restaurants, shopping centers and big bookstores. So it seems the middle school students’ life in Singapore is not easy but it is _____79_____
53．Why do students try their best to get high points in exams?
____________________________________________________________
54．What do most students like to do in their free time?
____________________________________________________________
55．What do some students do on the Internet?
____________________________________________________________
56．Is middle school students’ life in Singapore hard?
____________________________________________________________
57．What is the passage mainly about?
____________________________________________________________
58．Complete the sentence in the text:
So it seems the middle school students’ life in Singapore is not easy but it is _____________.
十二、作文
59．Write at least 60 words on the given topic (根据以下话题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)
There are a lot of useful resources in our life. Please choose one and write at least 60 words about the topic “The importance of ____________”
(我们的生活中有许多有用的资源，请选取一种以“____________ 的重要性”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文。标点符号不占格。)
Suggested questions:
Why is the thing important?
What can we do with it?
What can we do to protect it?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】句意：下面哪个带下划线的部分发音不同？
考查单词发音。release/rɪˈliːs/；treatment/ˈtriːtmənt/；measure/ˈmeʒə(r)/；increase/ɪnˈkriːs /。根据四个单词的音标可知，C选项和其他选项不同。故选C。
2．C
【详解】句意：我们正在破坏我们最好的朋友，它们可以保护地球免受洪水和水土流失之害。
考查介词辨析和固定短语。against抵御；for为了；from（使）免遭；off从……离开。根据“protect the earth ...flooding and soil erosion.”可知，此处指保护地球免遭洪水和水土流失之害，用短语protect...from...表示“保护……免遭……之害”。故选C。
3．A
【详解】句意：超过1万名读者收到了该公司的礼物。
考查数词。ten thousand一万；thousands of成千上万的；five hundred of……中的五百……；hundreds of成百上千的。根据“Over”可知，其后应接具体的数目，B和D均表示非具体数目，故排除。选项C在此处用法错误，排除。故选A。
4．A
【详解】句意：世界人口的数量正在越来越快地增长。
考查主谓一致。is存在，是，be的第三人称单数现在时形式；are是，be的第二人称单复数现在时，第一、三人称复数现在时；have有；were是（are的过去式），be的过去时复数和第二人称单数形式。根据空后的growing（grow的现在分词形式）可知，用进行时态，其结构是be doing，the number of表示“……的数量”时，它是一个整体，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故选A。
5．D
【详解】句意：一项研究表明，只要少量的污染就会对生态系统有害。
考查词义辨析。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；a few有一点，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little有一点，修饰不可数名词。根据“A research shows that only...pollution will be harmful to the ecosystem.”可知，一点污染也会对生态系统有害，修饰不可数名词pollution。故选D。
6．A
【详解】句意：良好的习惯可以帮助我们很多，我们会取得很大的进步。
考查情态动词。can能够；mustn’t禁止；need需要；may not可能不。根据“Good habits...help us a lot”可知良好的习惯能够帮助我们很多。故选A。
7．B
【详解】句意：随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得更加方便。
考查形容词比较级。convenient“方便的”，形容词；conveniently“便利地”，副词。becomes后应跟形容词作表语，且much修饰比较级，所以空处用形容词的比较级。故选B。
8．C
【详解】句意：如今几乎每个人都以这样或那样的方式使用电。
考查不定代词。the other两者中的另一个；the others特指剩下的全部；another泛指同类事物中三者或三者以上中“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词；other其他的，表示泛指。in one way or another“以这样或那样的方式”，在此符合题意。故选C。
9．C
【详解】句意：出门时记得戴口罩。
考查动词短语。remember to do sth“记得做某事（还未做）”；remember doing sth“记得做某事（已做过）”。此处“戴口罩”的动作还未发生，应用remember to do sth，排除BD选项；另外出门应该戴口罩，故选C。
10．B
【详解】句意：安静点！瑞娜正在为考试写文章。
考查动词时态。根据“Be quiet!”可知，此处描述的动作正在发生，应用现在进行时。故选B。
11．A
【详解】句意：如果你能起得足够早，你就能赶上去南京的第一班火车。
考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；although尽管；unless除非。根据“You can catch the first train to Nanjing...you can get up early enough.”可知后句是前句的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
12．B
【详解】句意：作为一名新的外交官，他经常考虑在这样的场合他怎样可以反应得更加合适。
考查宾语从句引导词。which“哪一个”；how“怎样”；what“什么”；that“那个”。句中think of后接宾语从句，由句子“he can react more appropriately on such occasions.”可知，句子需用副词修饰。故选B。
13．C
【详解】句意：雷医生给了我们多么重要的建议啊！
考查感叹句。中心词advice是不可数名词，用what引导的感叹句结构：what+形容词+不可数名词+主谓，故选C。
14．D
【详解】句意：你能告诉我液态黄金是什么意思吗？
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AB；mean是实义动词，C语法错误。故选D。
15．C
【详解】句意：——谢谢你一直支持我。——不客气。如果你需要帮助，请告诉我。
考查情景交际。Never mind没关系；Don’t worry别担心；Not at all不客气；With pleasure我很乐意。根据“Thank you for always being there to support me.”可知，应回答“不客气”。故选C。
16．E 17．A 18．G 19．F 20．D 21．B
【导语】本文主要介绍经常喝苏打水的坏处，建议我们口渴的时候最好还是喝水。
16．句意：但我敢肯定，如果更多的成年人知道他们对自己的身体做了什么，他们会努力不再喝苏打水。根据“But I’m sure if that more adults knew what they were doing to their bodies, they would work hard to...drink soda again.”可知，如果知道苏打水的坏处，就不会再喝了，never“从不”符合语境。故选E。
17．句意：在一项研究中，四组成年人在六个月的时间里保持正常饮食，每天喝一升含糖苏打水、一升无糖苏打水、一升牛奶或一升水。根据“In one study, four groups of adults...their normal diet”可知，正常饮食，ate“吃”符合语境。故选A。
18．句意：毫无疑问，喝含糖苏打水的那组体重增加了22磅。根据“No..., the sugared soda group gained 22 pounds.”可知，喝含糖苏打水的那组体重增加是毫无疑问的，surprise“惊讶”符合语境。故选G。
19．句意：而且牛奶的卡路里含量和含糖苏打水一样多，那为什么这组人的体重没有增加呢？根据“And the milk has...many calories as the sugared soda”可知，此处是as many+可数名词复数+as结构，意为“像……一样多”。故选F。
20．句意：看来饮食甜味剂仍然会造成问题。根据“It seemed that the diet sweetener(甜味剂) still...problems.”可知，甜味剂造成问题，caused“造成”符合语境。故选D。
21．句意：总而言之，当你口渴的时候，最好去拿水喝。根据“..., it’s always better to reach for water when you’re thirsty.”可知，此处选择副词短语All in all“总而言之”，修饰整个句子。故选B。
22．fiftieth
【详解】句意：蓝色卡通《蓝精灵》正计划庆祝它们的五十岁生日。此处在句中作定语修饰birthday，用序数词形式，故填fiftieth。
23．replace
【详解】句意：根据一份报告，到2025年，人工智能预计将取代全球8500万个工作岗位。be expected to do sth“预计做某事”，所以空处用动词原形，结合所给词place和“AI is expected to ... 85 million jobs worldwide”可知，此处应是指人工智能将取代全球8500万个工作岗位，replace“取代”，故填replace。
24．warnings
【详解】句意：当出现问题时，你的汽车会给你不同类型的警告。此处在句中作宾语，用名词warning表示“警告”，“different types of”修饰可数名词复数。故填warnings。
25．comfortably
【详解】句意：教练解释了如何在健身房舒适地戴口罩。comfortable“舒服的”，形容词，此处应用其副词形式comfortably，修饰动词wear。故填comfortably。
26．chemicals
【详解】句意：身体产生的化学物质是天然的止痛药。chemistry“化学”，根据“The body produces...”及所给词可知，身体产生的应是化学物质，chemical“化学物”，此处表示泛指，所以用复数形式，故填chemicals。
27．relaxed
【详解】句意：赛前他看起来既放松又自信。此处在句中修饰人，作表语，用relaxed表示“轻松的”。故填relaxed。
28．impatient
【详解】句意：我已经等了三十分钟，越来越不耐烦了。get在这里是连系动词，后接形容词。根据“I’d been waiting for thirty minutes”可知，等了三十分钟，所以此处指不耐烦了，impatient“不耐烦的”，故填impatient。
29． didn’t
rise
【详解】句意：大雨过后，河水上涨了13厘米。本句是一般过去时，rose是实义动词rise的过去式。所以变为否定句，需借助助动词did，否定式为didn’t，后加动词原形。故填didn’t；rise。
30． has he
【详解】句意：这个月他几乎没有买任何蔬菜。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。陈述部分hardly“几乎不”，表示否定意义，所以反问部分用肯定形式。本句是现在完成时，所以助动词用has，主语是he。故填has；he。
31． Why should
【详解】句意：我们要多种树来保护环境。划线部分表示“为了保护环境”，所以提问用why，表示“为什么”，情态动词should不变，放在主语前。故填Why；should。
32． too to
【详解】句意：萨姆太累了，不能继续开车了。原句是so...that引导的结果状语从句，可以转换成too...to...的结构，表示“太累了而不能继续开车”，故填too，to。
33．Our city is much more beautiful than before
【详解】根据所给标点可知，应用陈述句形式，分析所给单词，our city作主语，is作谓语，more beautiful作表语，此时形容词比较级前可以用much修饰，表程度，即为much more beautiful，than before应放于比较级之后。故填Our city is much more beautiful than before“我们的城市比以前漂亮多了”。
34．C 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了目前饮水资源的情况和人们设立世界水日来提醒人们清洁饮水资源的重要性等。
34．主旨大意题。根据“ Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink? ”、“ In Ghana, 85% of all disease ...”和“On this day every year, countries around the world”可知，全文介绍世界各地的饮用水。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据“Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink? That’s around 1 in 10 people in the world”可知，全世界有10%的人喝不到干净的饮用水。故选A。
36．细节理解题。根据“Every year over 500,000 children die from dirty water. That’s around 1,400 children every day!”可知，世界上每天有1400名儿童因为不干净的饮用水而死亡。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“Also, in some countries children walk many kilometers every day to get water”可知，因为附近没有干净的水。故选D。
38．词义猜测题。根据“ On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water”可知，每年的这一天，世界各国都会举办活动，让人们了解污水的问题，所以划线部分单词表示“让人们知道，让人们明白”。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ For World Water Day, some people in the UK walk, run or cycle 10km, others climb mountains or even jump from an aeroplane and skydive to the ground ”和“At one school, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6 km with 6 litres of water,”可知，人们不会筹钱去帮助无家可归的人。故选A。
40．B 41．D 42．A 43．D 44．A 45．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了植物是如何生产食物以及制造氧气的。
40．句意：人类通过食物获得能量，但对于植物来说是不一样的。
important重要的；different不同的；necessary必要的；interesting有趣的。根据“Humans get their energy by eating food, but it’s...for plants.”可知，人获得能量的方式与植物获取能量的方式是不一样的，所以此空应该是different“不同的”。故选B。
41．句意：通过光合作用，植物不仅能创造它们自己的食物，也能向空气中释放出氧气。
get获得；spread传播；add添加；release释放。根据“Through photosynthesis, plants not only create their own food, but they also...oxygen into the air.”可知，此处应表示为植物通过光合作用，可向空气中释放出氧气，所以此空应是release。故选D。
42．句意：太阳成了这个过程中很重要的一部分，因为它会给植物“烹饪”食物。
cooks烹饪；eats吃；wets使潮湿；dries弄干。根据“First, the green coloring in leaves (chlorophyll 叶绿素) gets light energy from the sun. The sun becomes an important part of the process because it “...” the food for the plants.”可知，叶绿素从太阳光中获得光能，从而进行光合作用，所以此时太阳光（太阳）就起到了很重要的作用，有了它才能给植物“烹饪”食物。故选A。
43．句意：植物通过根部从地里获得水分。
leaves叶子；fruits果实；heads头部；roots根部。根据“From its...the plant gets water from the ground.”可知，植物应是通过根部获得水分的。故选D。
44．句意：而植物在为地球上的生物提供氧气时，它们也有助于平衡空气中的不同气体，尤其是二氧化碳。
plants植物；people人们；trees树；animals动物。根据“While...provide living things on Earth with oxygen”可知，此处应是表示植物给地球上的生物提供氧气。故选A。
45．句意：因此，人类与植物之间有着重要的关系。
However可是；Finally最终；Therefore因此；Suddenly突然。根据上文“While...provide living things on Earth with oxygen, they also help balance the different gases in the air, especially carbon dioxide...Without carbon dioxide, plants would be hungry.”可知，植物为地球上的生物（包括人类）提供氧气，人和动物则会呼出二氧化碳，而若没有二氧化碳，植物也会“饿”，所以此句“...there is an important relationship between humans and plants.”与上文存在因果关系，此空应是therefore“因此”。故选C。
46．(h)ealthy 47．(d)ifferent 48．(f)irst 49．(e)veryday/(e)verywhere 50．(n)ature 51．(w)alked 52．(s)hare
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一头叫茜茜的大象，刚到大象收容所时，她很安静，很孤独，很不适应那里的生活，但几个月后，另一头大象温基来了，它们成为了好朋友，收容所的一名教育工作者蒙哥马利认为大象的天性是与家人和朋友在一起。
46．句意：如果他们与家人和朋友住在一起，他们会幸福健康。根据“They will be happy and...if they live with family and friends.”及首字母提示可知，他们会幸福健康，and连接并列关系，空处需填与happy并列的形容词，作表语，healthy“健康的”，形容词。故填(h)ealthy。
47．句意：但茜茜不同。根据“But Sissy was...”及首字母提示可知，茜茜是不同的，“be+形容词”构成系表结构，空处需填形容词，作表语，different“不同的”，形容词。故填(d)ifferent。
48．句意：起初，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，就像一条安全毯。根据“At..., she carried a tire with her..., like a security blanket.”及首字母提示可知，起初，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，固定搭配at first表示“起初”，作状语，first“起初”，副词。故填(f)irst。
49．句意：起初，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，就像一条安全毯。根据“At..., she carried a tire with her..., like a security blanket.”及首字母提示可知，她每天/随身带着一个轮胎，空处需填副词，作状语，副词everyday“每天”和everywhere“到处，所有地方”均符合语境。故填(e)veryday/(e)verywhere。
50．句意：但是，收容所的一名教育工作者蒙哥马利说，工作人员不太担心，因为与家人和朋友在一起是大象的天性。根据“But Montgomery, an educator at the shelter, said that the staff wasn’t too worried because it’s elephants’...to be with family and friends.”及首字母提示可知，与家人和朋友在一起是大象的天性，it的特殊句型“It’s+名词+to do sth.”表示“做某事是……”，名词所有格elephants’后需填名词，作表语，nature“天性”，名词。故填(n)ature。
51．句意：一天，茜茜离开了她的轮胎。根据“One day, Sissy...away from her tire.”及首字母提示可知，茜茜从她的轮胎走开，时态为过去时，动词用过去式，walk away from sth表示“从……走开”，walked“走”，动词walk的过去式或过去分词。故填(w)alked。
52．句意：虽然它们不是来自同一个家庭，但它们可以学会共享同一个空间并且它们中的许多成了亲密的伙伴。根据“Although they are not from the same family, they can learn to...the same space and many of them become close companions.”及首字母提示可知，它们可以学着共享同一个空间，“share the same+名词”表示“共享同一事物”，不定式to后需填动词原形，作宾语，share“共享”，动词。故填(s)hare。
53．Because they think getting high points is good for their future. 54．Most students like to listen to music. 55．They talk with their friends and play computer games. 56．Yes, it is. 57．The Singapore students’ school life. 58．rich and colourful
【导语】本文主要讲述了新加坡学生的学校生活。
53．根据“People think getting high points is good for their future”可知他们认为获得高分对他们的未来有好处。故填Because they think getting high points is good for their future.
54．根据“In their free time, most students like to listen to music.”可知大部分学生闲暇的时候喜欢听音乐。故填Most students like to listen to music.
55．根据“Some of them also spend their free time talking with their friends and playing computer games on the Internet”可知他们中的一些人还把空闲时间花在与朋友聊天和在网上玩电脑游戏上。故填They talk with their friends and play computer games.
56．根据“So it seems the middle school students’ life in Singapore is not easy”可知新加坡中学生的生活也不是很容易。故填Yes, it is.
57．根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了新加坡学生的学校生活。故填The Singapore students’ school life.
58．根据全文内容可知，新加坡的学生不单单只是上学，课后活动有体育，音乐，游戏，跳舞等，所以还是很丰富多彩的。故填rich and colourful。
59．例文
The importance of saving water
It is widely accepted that the role of water cannot be replaced by any other thing in our daily life, but few people are aware that the fresh water is reducing sharply. So, what should we do?
As far as I am concerned, we should use water twice or more. For example, we can use water after cleaning the rice to water the plants. Furthermore, turn off the tap whenever we stop using it. Last but not least, polluted water should be dealt with in time to keep the river clean because we cannot live without water.
From what has been discussed above, we should pay close attention to daily water. Let’s act now to save water.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
② 时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：写作时需要围绕题干提出的问题展开，并可适当发挥，突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点题，并引出要保护的资源；
第二步，详细介绍采取的措施；
第三步，最后进行总结。
[亮点词汇]
① as far as I am concerned就我而言
② turn off关闭
③ last but not least最后
[高分句型]
① It is widely accepted that the role of water cannot be replaced by any other thing in our daily life, but few people are aware that the fresh water is reducing sharply.（it作形式主语）
②Furthermore, turn off the tap whenever we stop using it. （whenever引导的时间状语从句）
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