英语（河南卷）-【试题猜想】2023年中考考前最后一卷（考试版+答题卡+全解全析+参考答案）

2023年中考考前最后一卷【河南卷】

英语·参考答案

注意事项：

1.本试卷六个大题，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。

2.本试卷上不要答题，请按答题卡上注意事项的要求直接把答案填写在答题卡上。答在试卷上的答案无效。

一、听力理解(20小题，每小题1分，共20分)

第一节

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。

1．

【答案】C

【原文】W: What time is it now?

M: It’s nine o’clock. Let’s hurry! The train is leaving in thirty minutes.

2．

【答案】A

【原文】W: Would you like some more bread or cakes?

M: Neither, thanks. Some water instead.

3．

【答案】B

【原文】W: What’s your plan for your holiday, Jerry?

M: I’m going to the countryside with my grandparents to breathe the fresh air.

4．

【答案】C

【原文】W: You are always busy with your work.

M: That’s true. Though it is tiring, I think it’s very interesting.

5．

【答案】C

【原文】M: Hello! This is Tom speaking. May I speak to Mary?

W: Sorry. Mary isn’t in now. This is Mary’s sister, Juliet. Can I take a message?

第二节

听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。

【答案】6．A    7．C

【原文】M: Ellen, I really like the book you lent me two days ago.

W: I’m glad you like it.

M: Not only me. Bob likes it, too. Would you mind if I keep it for two more days?

W: I’m sorry you can’t. Rick wants to borrow it, too.

M: What a pity!

W: Don’t say so. I’ll lend you it after he returns it to me.

M: Thanks!

听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。

【答案】8．B    9．C

【原文】W: Good morning, Tom!

M: Good morning, Jane!

W: Could you tell me what this is?

M: It is a model spaceship. It’s my favorite toy.

W: A toy? Is it made of plastic?

M: No. It is made of metal. Look, it can fly.

W: How wonderful! Are you interested in spaceships?

M: Yes. I want to be an astronaut in the future.

听下面一段独白，回答第10至第12三个小题。

【答案】10．C    11．B    12．A

【原文】M: Hi! Kate. Why do you look worried?

W: I want to take up a new hobby, but I don’t know what to choose. Do you have any ideas?

M: Have you tried tennis?

W: Yes, I have. But it’s very tiring.

M: Are you good at art or music?

W: Yes, I am.

M: Well, the art teacher is going to start a new after-school club. There you can learn to draw cartoons.

W: That sounds interesting. How long is each class?

M: First the art teacher will teach us how to draw for half an hour and then we will spend another half an hour practicing.

W: How often is the club?

M: Every Wednesday and Friday.

W: Shall I go to the club on the third floor or the fourth floor?

M: Neither. It’s on the second floor.

W: I can’t wait to join the club.

听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15三个小题。

【答案】13．A    14．B    15．C

【原文】W: Good afternoon. Can I help you?

M: Yes, please. I bought this CD player here and there’s something wrong with it.

W: I see. When did you buy it?

M: I only bought it three days ago, on Monday. I felt quite angry, you know.

W: Sorry, sir. Well, I can give you the money back or change the CD player for a new one.

 M: I think I’d like my money back, please.

W: Certainly. Can you write your name on this form, please?

M: Of course. Here you are.

W: Thank you very much. Here’s your money, $589.5.

第三节

听下面一篇短文。按照你所听内容的先后顺序将下列图片排序。短文读两遍。

【答案】B     E     C     A     D

【原文】

Hello, I’m watching a robot show in Japan. There are all kinds of robots. They are so cool and interesting. Look! The first robot named Jack was invented in 2006. He is cooking. People taste the meal and say it’s very delicious. The second robot named Mary was invented in 2008. She is dancing. She dances so well that I want to learn to dance from her. The third robot named David was invented in 2012. He is riding a bike. Listen! Who is speaking English so well? It’s the fourth one named Jenny. She was invented in 2009. She is talking to two children. Can you hear the nice music? Oh, the fifth robot named Linda is playing the violin. She was invented in 2010. How great they are!

二、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分)

阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。

A

【答案】17．D    18．B    19．C    20．A    21．B

【导语】本文主要介绍了最近，谷歌宣布了一系列新的人工智能以及它们的作用。

17．细节理解题。根据“The technology received wide attention last year after a company called OpenAI announced a free writing tool called ChatGPT”可知OpenAI提供人工智能工具，可以免费编写与人类质量相当的文章。故选D。

18．细节理解题。根据“Google’s AI tools are designed to create completely written texts for many different purposes. For example, an office worker could enter some keywords of a kind of text they want. The tools could then create a full marketing email, training materials or a business plan in a while.”可知谷歌的新人工智能工具可以帮助用户在很短的时间内创建一个完整的商业计划。故选B。

19．细节理解题。根据“Google says it keeps developing AI products of high quality. That is why the company is inviting groups of ‘trusted testers’ to use its AI tools rather than widely selling its new products”可知谷歌通过让值得信赖的测试人员首先使用新产品，不断开发高质量的人工智能产品。故选C。

20．推理判断题。根据“Technology experts have warned that while the new AI tools can produce human-like writings, the systems can also make mistakes.”可知第五段讲述了技术专家警告说，虽然新的人工智能工具可以产生类似人类的文字，但这些系统也可能出错。根据“Last month, Bard, Google’s new AI tool designed to give a better online search, made a mistake and caused a $100-billion drop”可知第六段讲述了上个月，谷歌新的人工智能工具Bard犯了一个错误，导致了1000亿美元的损失。所以第六段给出了一个例子来支持第五段。故选A。

21．推理判断题。根据“Google’s AI tools are designed to create completely written texts for many different purposes. For example, an office worker could enter some keywords of a kind of text they want. The tools could then create a full marketing email, training materials or a business plan in a while. Google sees the system being able to offer an ‘AI Helper’ to help human workers in real time”（谷歌的人工智能工具旨在为许多不同的目的创建完整的书面文本。例如，办公室职员可以输入他们想要的文本的一些关键字。然后，这些工具可以在一段时间内创建完整的营销电子邮件、培训材料或商业计划。谷歌认为该系统能够提供一个“人工智能助手”来实时帮助人类工人）可推知谷歌的人工智能工具展示了最近的人工智能发展。故选B。

B

【答案】22．A    23．B    24．C    25．C    26．A

【导语】本文主要讲述了时钟在时间管理中所起的重要作用，还介绍了如何开始时间管理的方法和进行时间管理的好处。

22．细节理解题。根据“A clock plays an important role in time management. It can greatly help us achieve our purposes.”可知，时钟在时间管理中起着很重要的作用，因为它可以帮助我们极大地帮助我们实现我们的目标。故选A。

23．推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Realize the power of 30 seconds. For example, if your house is in a mess, think about this. Failing to hang up a coat and keep a desk or room tidy happens when we leave out the quick housework.”可知，作者在第二段中是通过举例的方式来给出自己的建议。故选B。

24．词义猜测题。根据“We can ride a bike, run slowly or take a quick walk for 15 minutes twice a day. Besides, we can try a running or swimming race with our family within 15 minutes.”可知，我们可以进行为时15分钟的骑自行车运动、或慢跑15分钟、或快走15分钟，此外，我们还可以尝试与家人来进行为时15分钟的跑步比赛或游泳比赛。15分钟是一个特定的时间段，所以第三段第一句的“exercise at a specific time.”应是表示在特定的时间内锻炼，划线单词specific则意为“特定的”，与certain“特定的，具体的”同义。故选C。

25．篇章结构题。第一段主要讲述了时钟在时间管理中起到的重要作用；第二段、第三段和第四段均为介绍如何开始时间管理的方法；第五段主要是在呼吁大家要学会时间管理，充分利用好每一分钟。由此可知，本文的文章结构应是选项C所示。故选C。

26．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Time management has a lot of tips and tricks (技巧). And measuring (测量) time by a clock or a watch can help fix a lot of stress in the long run. A clock plays an important role in time management.”和最后一段的第一句“Every goal (目标) in life will likely be fully realized by pairing it up with the clock.”可知，时间管理有很多技巧和窍门，而时钟在时间管理中起着很重要的作用，且通过与时钟的搭配，生活中的每一个目标都有可能完全实现。由此可推测，本文的主要目的是想告诉人们要使用时钟去管理时间。故选A。

C

【答案】27．A    28．B    29．C    30．A    31．D

【导语】本文介绍了我们今天吃的大多数美味的水果是经过长时间的培育出来的，看起来或尝起来都不像它们的野生的祖先了。具体介绍了西红柿、桃子和西瓜的历史。

27．细节理解题。根据“Most of the delicious fruits we eat today might not look or taste like their wild ancestors (祖先) at all. They are popular after going through many rounds of development over a long period of time in different parts of the world.”介绍了一些美味的水果是经过长时间的培育出来的。和下文介绍了西红柿、桃子以及西瓜的历史。由此可知，作者写第一段的目的是引出话题。故选A。

28．词句猜测题。根据“the British and Americans continue to avoid them”可知，英国人和美国人认为西红柿有毒。所以，poisonous意为“有毒的”，故选B。

29．推理判断题。根据“Surprisingly they have the same outer skin as fossils (化石) from over 2.5 million years ago. Ancient peach stones discovered in China prove that peaches were in China at least 7000 years ago.”可知，郑和可能吃过桃子。故选C。

30．篇章结构题。第一段是总写，介绍了一些美味的水果是经过长时间的培育出来的，第二段介绍了西红柿的历史，第三段介绍了桃子的历史，第四段介绍了西瓜的历史。故本文结构图是A。故选A。

31．最佳标题。本文介绍了我们今天吃的大多数美味的水果是经过长时间的培育出来的，看起来或尝起来都不像它们的祖先了。由此可知，本文最佳标题是《从野生植物到令人愉悦的水果》。故选D。

D

【答案】32．E    33．A    34．D    35．B    36．C

【导语】本文主要谈论怎样存钱。例如，为自己设定一个明确的目标，做出明智的支出决定，并寻找额外的赚钱方法。

32．根据上文“Keep your money somewhere safe like a piggy bank.”可知，需要把钱保存在安全的地方，下文应谈到安全，选项E“如果你想存钱，你需要把它放在一个不会丢失的地方。”符合语境。故选E。

33．根据下文“Whenever you get money, whether it’s the money you made, or a special gift you should put it into your savings as soon as possible.”可知，你需要把钱尽快存进你的储蓄中，选项A“马上把钱存起来，这样你就不会马上花掉了。”符合语境。故选A。

34．根据上文“Find free things to do for fun.”可知，此句会谈到省钱和娱乐。选项D“玩得开心不一定要花很多钱，尤其是当你还是个孩子的时候。”符合语境。故选D。

35．根据“If you notice that there are things to be done around your home, try asking your parents if they’ll pay you to do them.”可知，此句会谈到想办法挣钱，选项B“这将表明你真的很认真地想办法赚钱。”符合语境。故选B。

36．根据“You could do jobs for your friends or other relatives. You don’t have to do only one job.”可知，此句会谈到找工作，选项C“你可以向你的邻居要求有报酬的工作，比如洗车或宠物护理。”符合语境。故选C。

三、完形填空(15小题，每小题1分，共15分)

先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。

【答案】

37．B    38．B    39．C    40．A    41．D    42．C    43．B    44．A    45．B    46．D    47．B    48．D    49．A    50．C    51．D

【导语】本文讲述了全球变暖带来的不利影响，并呼吁人们行动起来，减少温室气体排放来减缓全球变暖的速度，保护北极熊。

37．句意：自然气候变化的一项研究表明，到2080年，大多数北极熊的数量将迅速下降。

develop发展；develop下降；increase增加；improve改善。根据“Most polar bears could disappear by the end of the century because of global warming”可知，北极熊的数量会迅速下降。故选B。

38．句意：有两个原因。

one一；two二；three三；four四。根据“One is that the sea ice is melting.”以及“The other reason is...”可知有两个原因。故选B。

39．句意：北极熊在冰上捕捉海豹为食。

to play玩耍（不定式）；eating吃（动名词）；to eat吃（不定式）；be eaten被吃（被动语态结构）。根据“But there are no...food on land to support so many bears.” 可知，抓海报是为了吃海豹，用不定式to eat，作目的状语。故选C。

40．句意：没有冰，它们只能待在陆地上。

Without没有；Through从内部穿过；Across从表面穿过；Except除了。根据“they have to stay on land”可知，是在没有冰的情况下。故选A。

41．句意：但陆地上没有充足的食物来养活这么多熊。

good好的；sweet甜的；delicious美味的；enough充足的。根据“support so many bears”可知，陆地上没有充足的食物。故选D。

42．句意：另一个原因是熊妈妈可能不够胖，无法为它们的宝宝产奶。

protect保护；progress进步；produce生产；prepare准备。根据“mother bears may not be fat enough”可知无法为熊宝宝产奶。故选C。

43．句意：另一个原因是熊妈妈可能不够胖，无法为它们的宝宝产奶，所以一些熊妈妈可能会停止生育宝宝。

eating food吃东西；having babies生育宝宝； sleeping睡觉； playing玩。根据“mother bears may not be fat enough to produce milk for their babies”可知，熊妈妈无法产奶所以可能会停止生育宝宝。故选B。

44．句意：北极熊是地球上最大的陆地食肉动物。

the largest最大的；the loveliest最可爱的；the simplest最简单的；the luckiest最幸运的。根据“Losing them would break the balance of their living place.”可知，失去北极熊可能破坏生态平衡，由此可推，北极熊是地球上最大的陆地食肉动物。故选A。

45．句意：它有助于控制其他种类的动物。

controlling控制，动名词；control控制，动词原形；produce生产，动词原形；producing生产，动名词。根据“Losing them would break the balance of their living place.”可知，失去北极熊可能破坏生态平衡，由此可推测，北极熊有助于控制其他动物，help do sth.“帮助做某事”，故此处应填动词原形control。故选B。

46．句意：北冰洋是大约2万5千只北极熊的家园。

room房间；family家庭，家人；house房子；home家。根据“The Arctic (北冰洋) is the...to about 25,000 polar bears.”可知，此处表示北冰洋是北极熊的家园，空处应是home。故选D。

47．句意：但现在需要更长时间才能重新结冰。

sea海洋；ice冰；plant植物；animal动物。根据“Arctic sea ice usually melts in spring and summer, and then grows in winter.”可知，因为气候变暖，要重新结冰需要更长时间。故选B。

48．句意：科学家表示，北极的变暖速度是地球其他地区的两倍。

quick快的；rapid迅速的；slowly慢慢地；fast快地。根据“the Arctic is warming twice as...as the rest of the planet”可知，空处应是副词，修饰谓语结构is warming，且此处应是表示是北冰洋的变暖速度是其它地区的两倍一样快。故选D。

49．句意：这项研究还表明，减缓北极融化是可能的。

that引导从句（无实际含义）；when何时；if如果；whether是否。根据“The study also shows...it is possible to slow Arctic melting.”可知，宾语从句“it is possible to slow Arctic melting”是一个完整句子，不缺少任何成分，应该用that引导。故选A。

50．句意：温室气体排放有可能导致气候变化。

food食物；ice冰；climate气候；animal动物。本文围绕“global warming”这一话题展开，所以此处是指温室气体排放会导致气候变化。故选C。

51．句意：我相信有希望，但人类需要迅速行动起来，让希望成为现实。

widely广泛地；clearly清楚地；quietly静静地；quickly迅速地。根据“make that hope come true”可知，人类需要迅速行动起来才能让希望成真，即减缓北极消融，保护环境，保护北极熊。故选D。

四、语篇填空(15小题，每小题1分，共15分)

第一节

【答案】

52．Among    53．pieces    54．managed    55．Almost    56．because    57．them    58．narrow    59．sent    60．better/good    61．spirit/spirits

【导语】本文主要介绍了在应对重庆森林大火时，消防员，当地人民和志愿者的一些付出，尤其介绍了摩托车骑手的巨大贡献，他们的精神深深感动了我们。

52．句意：其中，摩托车骑手发挥了重要作用。根据“Firefighters, local people and volunteers all joined in firefighting. ”及them可知，此处指在这些救援队之中，among“在……之中”，故填Among。

53．句意：山路上经常覆盖着容易掉落的石块，汽车无法通过。根据“of stones”及备选词可知，此处指石块，此处应填复数形式表示泛指，故填pieces。

54．句意：摩托车手设法把急需的物资运送给消防队员。根据“to carry much needed supplies to the firefighters”及备选词可是，设法运送急需品，manage to do sth“设法做某事”，描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填managed。

55．句意：几乎每个人都会摔倒。根据“It’s dangerous to ride on the mountain roads”可知，此处强调危险性，所以是几乎每个人都会摔倒，almost“几乎”，故填Almost。

56．句意：但我们不会停止，因为我们只是想尽快灭火。根据“we just want to put out the fires as soon as possible”可知，空格后解释不会停止的原因，故填because。

57．句意：一个大学生也是其中之一。根据“A college student was also one of”及备选词可知，也是其中一员，介词of后接宾格them，故填them。

58．句意：他和其他数百人一起，冒着烟和火在山上骑上骑下，在狭窄的道路上运送消防用品。此空缺少形容词修饰名词roads，narrow“窄的”符合，故填narrow。

59．句意：但当他被送往医院时，他哭了。根据“His foot got injured”及“he was … to the hospital”可知，脚受伤了，被送往医院了，send“送”，was与过去分词构成一般过去时的被动语态，故填sent。

60．句意：技术高超的/更好的骑手会把它们带到山顶，或者志愿者会步行把它们带到山顶。根据“The riders with … skills will carry them to the mountain tops”及备选词可知，此处指技术高超的骑手，可以用形容词原级good也可以用比较级better，故填better/good。

61．句意：他们的精神深深打动了我们。根据“moved us deeply”及备选词可知，精神让我们感动，spirit“精神”，用单数或复数都可以，故填spirit(s)。

第二节

阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。

【答案】62．however    63．there    64．who    65．was    66．it

【导语】本文一篇记叙文。文章介绍了郑州人民在2021年经历的暴雨事件以及作者的志愿者经历。

62．句意： 7月20日，当大多数人都准备去旅游、购物或去看电影的时候，我的家乡郑州突然下起了暴雨，一切都被打乱了。根据前句“when most people were ready to go traveling, shopping or to the movies”可知大多数人都准备去旅游、购物或去看电影，根据后句“a sudden rainstorm in my hometown of Zhengzhou disrupted everything”可知家乡郑州突然下起了大雨摧毁了一切，可见前后句句意相反，故填however。

63．句意：雨停后，我去了社区志愿者服务站，看看是否有什么我可以帮忙的。根据there be句型，可知此处填there。故填there。

64．句意：每天下午2点到7点，我装卸物资，这些物资将被送往灾区，帮助那些遭受自然灾害的人。分析句子“…help those…suffered from the natural disaster.”可知此处定语从句缺少主语，且先行词为those（people），故填who。

65．句意：每个人都筋疲力尽，但没有人抱怨或停下来。根据后句“but no one complained or stopped”可知后句时态是一般过去时，根据前句“Everyone…exhausted…”可知句子缺少谓语动词，exhausted为形容词，可见此处应填be动词的过去式，主语是单数。故填was。

66．句意：作为一个公民，我认为有必要承担社会责任，为我的社区做更多的贡献。根据句型“it is+形容词+to do sth.”做某事怎么样。故填it。

五、补全对话(5小题，每小题2分，共10分)

根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。

【答案】

67、How did you do it/ How did you improve it/What did you do to improve it...   

68、Listen to English (songs) every day/Ask your teacher for help/Watch English movies/Keep diaries in English/Read English novels... (答案不唯一)   

69、could you help me/could I go to you for help...   

70、What is your plan/What will you do at the party/What do you plan to do at the party/What do you prepare for the party... (答案不唯一)   

72、I hope you will have a good time/I hope you will have fun/I hope you will enjoy yourself...(答案不唯一)

【导语】本文谈论了英语学习的方法以及告别聚会的相关情况。

67．根据“You made great progress in English”及“Just by taking online course and finishing my homework in time. Sometimes I watched the online classes again when necessary.”可知，此处询问学习英语的方法，故填How did you do it/ How did you improve it/What did you do to improve it。

68．根据“and you’ll get improved.”可知，此处是给出英语学习的建议，故填Listen to English (songs) every day/Ask your teacher for help/Watch English movies/Keep diaries in English/Read English novels。

69．根据“No problem. I am always there if you need help.”可知，此处是询问有困难的时候是否可以给予帮助，故填could you help me/could I go to you for help。

70．根据“what about your good-bye party?”及“We will prepare some delicious snacks and fresh fruit. I think we will miss my teachers and friends.”可知，此处询问告别聚会的计划，故填What is your plan/What will you do at the party/What do you plan to do at the party/What do you prepare for the party。

71．根据“The same to you.”可知，此处应该是表示祝愿，故填I hope you will have a good time/I hope you will have fun/I hope you will enjoy yourself。

六、书面表达(20分)

【答案】

Make a Change

It is important for us to make a change when things don’t fit us, so that we can get better and better. I still remembered what had happened on the day of an English speech contest. Before getting on the stage, everyone was so nervous that they kept mumbling their speeches to get themselves well-prepared. But I felt very confident since I had won many awards in such contests before. I didn’t do anything and just waited on my seat. However, when it was my turn to give the speech, my mind suddenly went blank and I totally forgot what I was going to say. The terrible experience made me realize something. From that day on, I made a change. I know under no circumstances should I be overconfident. Practice makes perfect and being humble and hungry is always the best policy.

【详解】[总体分析]

① 题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为话题作文；        

② 时态：叙事部分时态为“一般过去时”；感悟部分时态为“一般现在时”；

③ 提示：写作要点给出了两个，叙述经历以及谈谈感悟，注意叙事部分是写作重心，且要突出变化。        

[写作步骤]

第一步，引出“变化”这个主题；

第二步，描写自己的经历，突出前后的变化；

第三步，文章结尾，谈谈自己做出变化的感悟。        

[亮点词汇]

① get oneself well-prepared 让自己做好充分准备        

② go blank 变得空白

③ from that day on 从那天起        

[高分句型]

① However, when it was my turn to give the speech, my mind suddenly went blank and I totally forgot what I was going to say. （when引导的时间状语从句及what引导的宾语从句）        

② I know under no circumstances should I be overconfident. （部分倒装句型）

③ Practice makes perfect and being humble and hungry is always the best policy.（运用了谚语“熟能生巧”）