专题04 重点语法复习：主语从句（考点串讲+模拟演练）-2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考点大串讲（牛津译林版2020）

专题04 重点语法复习：主语从句

在复合句中作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有连词：that, whether, if；连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever；连接副词：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why。

1. 连词that, whether, if引导的主语从句

that在主语从句中不作成分，没有意思，不能省略；whether和if虽不作句子的成分，但有“是否”的意思，且if引导的主语从句不能位于句首。

That the earth turns around the sun is known to us all.地球绕着太阳转这一点是众所周知的。

Whether he will come or not is not yet known.他是否要来还不知道。（只能用whether）

Whether we’ll go outing depends on the weather.我们是否去郊游视天气而定。（只能用whether）

2. 连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever引导的主语从句

what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever在主语从句中起代词的作用，可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语，有具体的意思且不能省略。

What surprised us was that he passed the driving test.使我们感到惊奇的是他通过了驾驶考试。

Whatever I have is yours. 我所拥有的一切都是你的。

Who will go is not important. 谁将去是不重要的。

Whoever is here gets a prize. 不管谁来，都能获奖。

Which team will win the match is still unknown. 哪个队将赢得比赛还不知道。

Whichever you choose is OK. 不论你选哪一个都行。

3. 连接副词when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why引导的主语从句

when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why在主语从句中起副词的作用，作状语，有具体的意思且不能省略。

When they will start hasn’t been decided yet. 他们将何时动身还没有决定。

Whenever you come is OK. 你无论何时来都行。

Where he has been is still a puzzle. 他曾去过什么地方仍是个迷。

Wherever she wants to go is not allowed. 无论她想要去哪儿都是不被允许的。

How he became a great scientist is known to all.他是怎样成为伟大科学家的这一点众所周知。

However late you come doesn’t matter. 无论你来的有多晚都没关系。

Why he did it wasn’t quite clear. 他为什么做那件事是不清楚的。

4. 用it作形式主语的主语从句

如果主语从句太长，为了避免句子结构头重脚轻，我们可以用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。常见的结构有：

①It+is+形容词+that…，常见的形容词有known, clear, necessary, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, certain, obvious, strange, natural等。

That the earth turns around the sun is known to us all.

→It is known to us all that the earth turns around the sun.地球绕着太阳转这一点是众所周知的。

Whether he will come or not is not clear.

→It is not clear whether /if he will come or not. 他是否要来还不清楚。

②It+is+名词+that…，常见的名词有a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a mystery, a wonder, no wonder, good news, common knowledge等。

It is a pity that he didn’t pass the exam. 他没有通过考试真遗憾。

It is a wonder that he survived the crash. 他从坠机事件中幸存下来真是个奇迹。

It is no wonder that he has achieved so much success. 难怪他取得如此大的成功。

③It+is+动词过去分词+that…，常见的过去分词有said, believed, reported, pointed out, hoped, thought, decided, ordered等。

It is said that he is a famous writer. 据说他是位著名的作家。

It is reported that there will be a storm this afternoon. 据报道今天下午有暴风雨。

④It+特殊动词+that…，常见的特殊动词有seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, occur to, make a difference等。

It seems that it is going to rain. 天看起来要下雨了。

It happened that I didn’t take any money with me. 碰巧我身上没带钱。

It occurred to me that I didn’t close the window. 我突然想起我没有关窗户。

⑤It+使令性动词+sb.+that...，常见的动词有worry, shock, surprise, satisfy, upset等。

It upset him a lot that he was fired. 他被解雇了使他很难过。

It surprised me that she brought up three children on her own.她独自抚养三个孩子使我感到吃惊。

5. 使用主语从句的注意事项：

①主语从句总是用陈述语序。

What he said was right. 他说的话是对的。

Whether he will be in time for the meeting is doubtful. 他能否赶上会议还不确定。

②如果主句是过去时态，那么从句一般也要用相应的过去某种时态。

What I needed was a good night’s sleep. 我需要的是好好睡一觉。

③单个主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；但当what引导的主语从句作主语且表语是名词时，谓语动词的单复数要根据后面表语的单复数而确定；用and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或两个以上的连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词仍用单数。

  When we shall start has not been decided. 我们何时动身还没有决定。

What we need is time. 我们需要的是时间。

What we need are books. 我们需要的是书。

  When they will start and where they will go have not decided.他们何时动身，要去哪儿，还没有决定。

  When and where the meeting will be held has not been decided.何时何地举行会议还没有决定。

④what与that引导主语从句时的区别：what不但起连接作用，而且有具体意义，意为“……的事情/东西”，在从句中作主语或宾语。而that在从句中无词义，不作成分，只起连接作用，不能省略。即what作成分，有意思，不能省略；that不作成分，没有意思，不能省略。

What surprises us is that computers can recognise human voices.

让我们感到惊讶的是电脑能分辨人的声音。

What we lack is knowledge. 我们缺乏的是知识。

That he comes from the USA is known to us all. 我们大家都知道他来自美国。

▲模拟演练

单句语法填空

1．（2023秋·山东济宁·高二统考期末）It confused her a lot_________ she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way.

2．（2023秋·福建漳州·高二统考期末）________ I need is your support.

3．（2023秋·新疆巴音郭楞·高二校考期末）______ we can see is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand.

4．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）It is a fact ________ these national parks have obtained financial support from tourist companies.

5．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）It is said ________ a large number of paper-cutting works by experts throughout China will be on show.

6．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）Soon, it was apparent to everyone________ he couldn’t sing.

7．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）We believe ________you have been devoted to is naturally of great necessity.

8．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________I’m concerned about most is ________ we can collect a huge amount of money in such a short time.

9．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________is willing to volunteer in the 2024 Olympics is welcome to join us.

10．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________will be made the captain of our team is still unknown, but one thing is certain: ________is put in this position is to lead us out of the present difficulty.

11．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________you can make your dream come true depends on hard work more than luck.

12．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________ is proved is that animals and insects have their own languages.

13．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）It is a fact ________English has been accepted as an international language.

14．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________ he will have his novel published in two weeks is really a surprise to all of us.

15．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）Don’t worry. ________ he will offer us help doesn’t matter a lot. (用适当的词填空)

16．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）It is said ________he is focusing on a book on space exploration. But ________it will come out is up in the air.

17．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________ he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us.

18．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________is impressive is that my colleagues messaged us, worrying why Kun and I didn’t come back with the clock pointing to 1 am, 2 am or even 3 am.

19．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________worries many people is that these chemicals may even cause cancer.

20．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white any more.

21．（2023秋·吉林·高二吉林一中校考期末）________ the survivors attempted to do was to build a memorial to the heroes who saved their lives.

22．（2023秋·福建福州·高二福州四中校考期末）________Jack gets home after school is calculated so that Mum can ensure him warm meals.

23．（2023秋·广东东莞·高二统考期末）It surprised us________ our foreign teacher can recite Tang poems.

24．（2023秋·全国·高二假期作业）________ people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still.

25．（2023秋·全国·高二假期作业）________ sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the beautiful lighting.

26．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）It suddenly occurred to him _____ he had left his keys in the office.

27．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________ makes the shop different is that it offers more personal services.

28．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________ she will leave for London hasn’t been decided. Maybe tomorrow, maybe next week.

29．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）It suddenly struck me__________ I could use the money I saved to help a poor student in the countryside.

30．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________surprised me was that the company received so many profiles from the applicants.

31．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）It is not clear ________ the man is a suspect or a detective.

32．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________ you can do the work depends on whether you have attained the qualification certificate.

33．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）It is obvious ________interviewers are often influenced too much by their personal prejudices.

34．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________is fond of his work will work with passion.

35．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）It is true ________ most of us will join the labour force once our studies are completed.

36．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）It gradually dawned on me ________ I still had talent and ought to run again.

37．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）Many years later, it dawned on me _________ my parents’ birthdays were never mentioned.

38．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）Suddenly it dawned on me __________ they couldn’t possibly have met before.

39．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）________is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.

40．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）It’s your fault _________ she hasn’t come to the party.