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Unit 3【知识梳理】——2022-2023学年人教版英语八年级下册单元综合复习课件PPT
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这是一份Unit 3【知识梳理】——2022-2023学年人教版英语八年级下册单元综合复习课件PPT，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了过词汇，单词过过过，过短语，短语过过过，过句型，句型过过过，could，过语法，语法过过过，过难点等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Review the wrds
independence
independent
Review the phrases
take ut the rubbish
sweep the flr
all the time
lk after/take care f
d the dishes
fld the clthes
make ne's bed
all day/evening
in surprise
a waste f time
get gd grades
as a result
invite sb. t...
lend sb. sth/lend sth t sb
hate t d sth
mind ding sth
finish ding sth
pass sb sth/pass sth t sb
make sb. d sth
d ne’s part in (ding ) sth
there's n need fr sb t d sth
prvide sth fr sb
brrw sth frm sb
Review the Sentances
Peter, culd yu please take ut the rubbish? (教材P17 图片文字)
take ut意为__________，是___________型短语。后跟名词作宾语时放在take ut 之间或后面都可以，后跟代词作宾语时，只能放在_______________。take ut还有____________之意。 f... 意为___________________。
如：这只狗很吵。你能把它带出去吗，迈克？
The dg is nisy. Can yu ____________. Mike?
take it ut
书在我的包里，请把它拿出来。
The bk is in my bag. Please ____________.
我从钱包里掏出钱来付早餐费。
I _____________________ my wallet t pay fr the breakfast.
tk the mney ut f
make ne’s bed
make ne’s bed 意为 ____________, 相当于 make the bed。
make a bed 意为__________, 其中 make 作 “制造;制作”解。
如：你起床后整理床铺吗?
D yu _______________ after yu get up?
他叔叔上星期给他做了一张床
His uncle _____________ fr him last week.
make yur bed
I’m ging t wrk n it nw. (教材P18 2c)
wrk n是一个动词短语, n 为介词, 表示从事某项工作, 做某项工作/研究, 创作作品、作画、开机器等。
He _____________a cmputer.
is wrking n
wrk hard n/at意为____________________________。 at wrk 意为___________________, 常作表语, 同be动词连用。
“(在……方面)努力学习,努力干”
如：她努力干那项新工作。
She ______________ the new jb.
Her mther is __________ nw.
wrks hard at
a few, few, a little 与 little
1．我是新来的，在城里我几乎没有朋友。 I am new, and I have _________ friends in the city.2．他在瓶子里放了一点盐。 He put _________ salt in the bttle.3．书中有几幅画。 There are _________ pictures in the bk.4．快点！剩下的时间不多了。 Hurry up! There is _________ time left.
情态动词culd的用法
如：我10岁时就能跑得很快。
I___________ fast when I was 10.
你现在可以和老师谈谈了。
上周末他不可能在学校。
_______ yu help me?
Yu __________ t yur teacher nw.
He __________ at the schl last weekend.
没问题。____________
乐意帮忙。_____________
当然可以。_____________________________
用于向别人提出要求或请求
“Culd yu please ” 意为 ____________________，用于提出要求或请求。否定形式为：________________________
“Culd yu please nt ”
是的，当然可以。___________________
With pleasure.
Sure./Of curse./Certainly, I can.
Yes, sure./Of cusre.
Culd yu please lend me yur bike?
如：你能把你的自行车借给我吗？
Sure./Of curse./Certainly, I can.
恐怕不行。_______________
我恐怕不能。我得……____________________________
对不起，我不能，我得……_______________________
对不起，我将……_____________________
Srry, I can't. I have t...
Srry, I'm ging t ...
I'm afraid I can’t. I have t...
I'm afraid nt.
如：明天你能和我一起去远足吗？
Culd yu please g hiking with me tmrrw?
Srry, I can't. I have t prepare fr a cmpetitin.
对不起，我不能。我得准备一场比赛。
肯定回答及否定回答中,均不用culd,而是要用can代替culd。
常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语:
委婉请求: Culd yu please+ d sth.? Culd yu+ d sth.? Wuld yu please + d sth.? Wuld yu + d sth.?肯定回答: Sure. /Of curse. /N prblem. /I'd lve t.否定回答: Srry./Srry, I can’t / I'd lve t, but……
“Culd I ”意为______________，用于_______________________。
请求对方允许自己做某事
Yes, yu can. / Of curse yu can. /Yes, please.
Srry, yu can't. /I'm afraid yu can't. /N, yu mustn’t.
如：我能看看你的新手表吗？
Culd I have a lk at yur new watch?
Of curse yu can. Here yu are.
妈妈，我能出去一会儿吗？
Mum, culd I g ut fr a while?
I'm afraid yu can't. Yu have t wash yur clthes first.
恐怕不行。你必须先洗衣服。
表示请求允许（即请求别人允许自己做某事），culd和can都可以用，但culd语气更委婉。
回答时，一般只用can，而不用culd。
Culd I at least finish watching this shw? (教材P18 2d)
finish的基本意思是____________, 表明已达到所做事情的终点。引申可表示__________________________等。finish可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时可接_______、_______或________作宾语，不能接__________。
“用光，吃光”“毕业”“杀掉”
如：晚饭前他把这本书看完了。
He _______________ the bk befre supper.
finished reading
没完成家庭作业前你哪儿都不能去。
Yu can’t g anywhere until yu ______________ yur hmewrk.
have finished
enjy ding sth. practice ding sth. keep n ding sth. mind ding sth. be busy ding sth. have fun ding sth. feel like ding sth. lk frward t ding sth. can’t help ding sth. give up ding sth.
★ 跟finish一样，在与动词连用时，只能接动名词形式作宾语，不能接动词不定式的常见动词及短语有：
(接t d的动作时间发生在“谓语动词之后，是将来的事情”，一般都是单一动作；接ding的动作时间发生在“以谓语动词为核心，向前后延伸，一般都是过去发生的动作一直持续的事情”，一般都是重复、持续的动作。)
Culd yu please pass me the salt? (教材P20 4a)
pass在此处为及物动词，意为_________。_________________________，意为____________________。如果sth. 为代词，只能用________________结构。
pass sb. sth. = pass sth. t sb.
pass sth. t sb.
He _______________________.
passed me the magazine
He _______ the magazine ______ me
This ball is Mike's. Please _____________.
这个球是迈克的。请把它传给他。
pass it t him
pass 还可意为____________；_____________；________________。
如：这条路太窄了，汽车无法通过。
The rad was s narrw that cars were unable t ____.
我很高兴我通过了考试。
I was happy that I _______________.
passed the exam
The days _____________.
passed slwly
Culd I brrw that bk? (教材P20 4a)Culd yu lend me sme mney? (教材P20 4a)
keep也可意为____________，是____________，表示“长时间的借”。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。常用于__________。而lend与brrw是__________，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
1. —Did yu brrw the animatin bk frm the library? —Yes. I ________ it fr five days. I’ll return it this afternn. A. have kept B. have brrwed C. brrwed D. lent2. —Culd yu ________ me yur bike, Tm? —OK.And yu can________ it fr a week. A. brrw; lend B. lend; brrw C. lend; keep D. brrw; keep3. —Can I ________ yur dictinary? —Srry. I’ve ________ it t Linda. A. brrw; lent B. brrw; brrwed C. lend; brrwed D. lend; lent
My mm came ver as sn as I sat dwn in frnt f the TV. (教材P19 3a)
as sn as 意为_____________，引导_____________，其后省略了引导词that，相当于the mment 或 the minute。as sn as = ____________ = ___________。 在含有as sn as引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，主句用____________，从句则用 ___________ 表将来。
如：请你一到那儿就给我打电话。
Please call me up ___________ yu get there.
the minute
我刚在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。
My mm came ver _________ I _________ in frnt f the TV.
我一做完作业就去和你玩。
As sn as I _________ my hmewrk, I will g and play with yu.
I threw dwn my bag and went t the living rm. (教材P19 3a)
thrw作动词，意为__________, 其过去式为_________，过去分词为__________。常用短语有：thrw away/ut 意为________；thrw at 意为_____________；thrw dwn 意为_______；thrw t 意为__________
如：你应该扔掉那些旧报纸。
Yu shuld _____________ thse ld newspapers.
thrw away/ut
He ________ a ball ____ the dg.
有人朝汽车扔了块石头。
Smene _________ a stne ____ the car.
到家后，她扔掉包，躺在沙发上。
Arriving hme, she ____________ her bag and lay n the sfa.
Fr ne week, she did nt d any husewrk and neither did I. (教材P19 3a)
“neither/nr +be/助动词/情态动词+主语”为______________，表示主语和前面所陈述的情况有着相同的______概念。表示___________。neither此处用作副词，意为_________。
如：我从没去过澳门，我丈夫也没去过。
I have never been t Maca, ______________________________.
neither/nr has my husband
如果你不停下来休息，他们也不会。
If yu dn't stp t rest, ___________________.
neither/nr will they
“s +连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语”为______________，表示主语和前面所陈述的情况有着相同的_______概念。其中s代替上文中的动作或状态，表示___________________________。
“也是这样”、“也是如此”
如：—杰克去年冬天在北京。 —真的吗？我也是。
—Jack was in Beijing last winter.
—Really ? _________.
(=I was als in Beijing last winter. )
如果你去海边度假，我也去。
If yu g t the seaside fr yur hliday, _____________.
【拓展延伸】neither的其他用法：
❶ neither作代词，意为____________，作主语时，谓语动词用_______形式；也可以和介词f连用，后接_______________________，neither f……后谓语动词可以用___________也可以用_____________。
如：他们俩都没有汽车。
Neither f them __________ a car.
Neither f my parents _______ at hme.
Neither _______ gd.
❷ neither作形容词，与___________连用，意为________________。作主语时，谓语动词要用____________。
Neither sentence ____ crrect.
Neither answer _______ right.
❸ 用于“neither... nr ...”结构，意为___________________，连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数要_____________________。
如：我和他都不认识琳达。
Neither I nr he _______ Linda.
Neither he nr I _______ Linda.
“What happened?” She asked in surprise. (教材P19 3a)
in surprise意为________________，常用于动词之后作方式状语，相当于_____________。其中surprise作名词，意为“惊奇”，含surprise的常用短语还有：t ne's surprise _________________。
with surprise
如：迈克惊讶地看着他们。
Mike lked at them __________________.
in/with surprise
令我惊讶的是，帮我打扫院子的那个人是我们的校长。
______________, the man wh helped me clean the yard is ur headmaster.
T my surprise
invite my friends t a party. (教材P21 1a)
invite 作动词，意为_________。常见用法有：invite sb. t+地点名词 意为________________；invite sb. t d sth. 意为_________________；invitatin作名词，意为 _____________。
如：他昨天邀请我参加他的聚会。
He ____________________ yesterday.
invited me t his party
They _____________ g fr a walk.
invited her t
Thank yu fr yur kind ____________.
They shuld spend their time n schlwrk in rder t get gd grades and get int a gd university. (教材P22 2b)
【易混辨析】spend, cst, take与pay均有________的意思，区别如下：
某人在某事/物上花费时间/金钱
某人花费时间/金钱做某事
人+spend(s)+时间或金钱+n sth.
人+spend(s) +时间或金钱+（in）ding sth.
It+takes+人+时间+t d sth.
(ding)sth. take(s) sb. sme time
做某事花费某人多长时间
(做)某事花费某人多长时间
物+cst(s) +(人) +金钱
某物花费(某人)多少钱
人+pay(s)+金钱+fr+物.
如：我们花很多时间读书。
We spend a lt f time ______________ bks.
(in) reading
It takes ____ a lt f time __________ bks
建造火神山医院只花了工人们10天时间。
It ______ the wrkers nly 10 days _______ the Hushenshan hspital.
人+spend(s) +时间或金钱+（in）ding sth.
It+takes+人+时间+t d sth.
The wrkers _____nly 10 days ___________the Hushenshan hspital.
(in)building
他们在家庭作业上花费了4小时。
They _______ fur hurs _______ their hmewrk.
They _______ fur hurs _________ their hmewrk.
It ______ them fur hurs _______ their hmewrk.
王丽花500元买了这辆自行车。
Wang Li ________ 500 yuan ________ the bike.
Wang Li ________ 500 yuan________ the bike.
Wang Li ________ 500 yuan ___________ the bike.
The bike ________ Wang Li 500 yuan.
(in) buying
这件外套花了他25美元。
He ________ 25 dllars ________ the cat.
He ________ 25 dllars ___________ the cat.
The cat ________ him 25 dllars.
1．I spent twenty yuan n the dictinary. =I ______ twenty yuan______ the dictinary. =The dictinary ___________ twenty yuan.2．我通常步行上学需要半个小时。 It usually ______ me half an hur______ t schl n ft.3．It takes us half an hur __________(clean) ur classrm every day.4．It takes _______(ur) eighty-fur minutes ________(walk) t schl.5．We _________a lt f time in reading bks.
6. Ry wrks in Lndn. It_____him abut half an hur t get t wrk by bus every day.
7．It takes ________ frty minutes ________ there by bus.
in rder t意为________________________，后加__________构成目的状语, 不成从句。其否定形式为in rder nt t。
in rder that意为____________，后加_______构成目的状语从句，表明主句行为目的。
“为了……；目的是……”
in rder that有时可与in rder t进行转换。
如：为了完成报告，他熬夜很晚。
___________ finish the reprt, he stayed up very late.
我早起是为了赶上早班车。
I get up early___________ catch the early bus.
I get up early in rder t catch the early bus.
I get up early in rder that ____________ the early bus.
I can catch
Since they live in ne huse with their parents, they shuld knw that everyne shuld d their part in keeping it clean and tidy. (教材P22 2b)
❶ since在此处作连词，意为_____________，引导原因状语从句，常位于句首。
_____________________________, I'll ask smene else.
❷ since作连词，还可意为___________________________，其引导的时间状语从句常用_____________，主句多用_____________。
Mary ____________ here ______ she was five.
如：既然你不认识那个男孩，我就去问别人。
Since yu dn't knw the by
“从……以后；自……以来”
如：玛丽从五岁起就住在这里。
❸ since作介词，意为________________________________，后接表示______________________。
She has been here since ________________ this mrning.
❹ since作副词，意为_____________________________，常与现在完成时连用。
She left here ten years ag, and I haven't seen her _______.
如：她从今天早上三点就一直在这里。
three 'clck
如：她十年前离开这里，从那以后我再也没有见过她。
I think it is imprtant fr children t learn hw t d chres and help their parents with husewrk. (教材P22 2b)
“It is+形容词+fr sb.+t d sth.”意为___________________________，其中it为____________，真正主语为______________. 此句中的形容词多为__________的词语，不对人或物的品格进行评价。如difficult，easy，hard，imprtant，dangerus，impssible等。
“做某事对某人来说是……的”
如：学英语对我来说很重要。
_______________ is very imprtant fr me.
T learn English
____ is very imprtant fr me ______________.
t learn Englis
交朋友是对你来说个好办法。
_____________________ is a gd plan fr yu .
T make mre friends
___ is a gd plan fr yu ___________________.
t make mre friends
It's the parents' jb t prvide a clean and cmfrtable envirnment at hme fr their children. (教材P22 2b)
prvide作及物动词，意为___________。常用结构：prvide sth. fr sb. =__________________，意为______________________________________。
prvide sb. with sth.
“为某人提供某物”或“提供给某人某物”
如：我们将向他们提供食物和饮料。
We'll _________ fd and drinks _______ them.
The cmpany ________ me _______ a car.
We'll _________ them _______ fd and drinks.
The cmpany ________ a care ________ me.
Husewrk is a waste f their time.
waste可以用作动词，表示__________。 a waste f……意为________________，其中 waste是名词，意为_____________________。主语+waste time/mney n sth(in ding sth)，表示_______________________________；
“在……方面浪费时间（金钱）”
如：玩电脑游戏是浪费时间的。
Playing cmputer games is_________ time.
我们浪费了整整一下午的时间想把汽车修理好。
We ________ a whle afternn __________ t repair the car.
(in) trying
Children these days depend n their parents t much. (教材P22 2b)
depend n意为_______________。depend n+__________________；depend n + ______________ +________________；depend n+__________等。
如：我们是否去野营要看天气
千万不要依靠火车能正点到达。
我们的成功取决于每个人是否努力。
Whether we’ll g camping _______________________.
I’m ______________ yu __________ the wrk.
Yu can’t ____________ the train __________ n time.
Our success ____________whether everyne wrks hard r nt.
depends n the weather
depending n
As a result, he ften fell ill and his grades drpped. (教材P22 2b)
as a result为习惯用语，意为______________。as a result f……意为___________________________。
“由于……；作为……的结果”
如：结果，我们不得不改变计划。
_____________, we had t change ur plan.
他不努力学习，结果他考试不及格。
He didn't wrk hard. _____________, he failed his exam.
He was late _________________.
由于努力学习，他通过了这次考试。
___________________________, he passed the exam easily.
As a result
As a result
As a result f his hard wrk
as a result f snw
The earlier kids learn t be independent, the better it is fr their future. (教材P22 2b)
“the+比较级……, the+比较级……”表示_________________________。
如：他解释得越多，我们就理解得越透彻。
你越认真，犯的错误就会越少。
_________________ yu are, _________________ yu will make.
____________ he explained, ____________we understd.
The mre careful
the fewer mistakes
Review the Grammar
1．shuld是情态动词shall的过去式，但有时并不表示过去。(1)表示委婉的劝告或建议，意为“应该”。如：Yu shuld hand in yur cmpsitin at nce.你应该立刻交上你的作文。(2)表示可能性或推断，意为“可能；应该”。如：I think they shuld be there nw.我想他们现在应该在那里。(3)用于特殊疑问句中，表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等强烈感情。如：Hw shuld yu knw that?你是怎么知道那件事的？
专题归类复习一 ┃情态动词shuld和culd的用法
What shuld yu d t relax?你该做什么来放松呢？2．culd是情态动词can的过去式，但有时并不表示过去。(1)表示提议，比can更客气、委婉。I culd d the shpping fr yu, if yu are tired.如果你累了，我能帮你买东西。(2)表示请求，语气比can更客气、委婉。Culd yu shw me the way t the hspital?你能告诉我去医院的路吗？
● 语法精练Ⅰ.单项选择( )1.Schls________allw students at least ne hur a day fr sprts. A．wuld B．might C．shuld D．culd( )2.________yu tell me hw t get t the pst ffice? A．Must B．Need C．Culd D．Shuld
( )3.—When can I cme fr the phts? I need them tmrrw afternn. —They________be ready by 12：00. A．can B．shuld C．might D．need( )4.—Culd I brrw yur dictinary? —Of curse yu________． A．can B．must C．shuld D．will
( )5.The basketball________his.He lves playing basketball. A．maybe B．may be C．may is D．may nt( )6.We________keep the new traffic law and learn hw t prtect urselves. A．will B．wuld C．shall D．shuld
( )7.—Culd yu please help me d my hmewrk? —Srry.I________．Yu________d it by yurself. A．culd; may B．culdn't; shuld C．can't; shuld D．can't; may( )8.—Hw was the yuth club last night, Mark? —It was great fun.Yu________cme. A．must B．can C．shuld D．may
Ⅱ.根据句意用shuld或culd填空1．Sally________make dumplings by herself when she was nly five years ld.2．In schl, all the classmates__________get n well with each ther.3．Yu________call her if yu have smething imprtant t tell her.4．Yu_________nt drive after drinking.5．_________I use yur mbile phne，please?
Review the Difficulty
用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Thank yu fr ____________ (prvide) me with s nice a rm.2．The teacher always tells us____________ (nt waste) any fd because sme peple in pr areas dn't have anything t eat.3．Betty ________ (fld) many kinds f animals with the paper fr the little children last Sunday.4．As we knw, gd results ________ (depend) n hard wrk.5．The little girl ___________ (drp) the glass n the flr and brke it.
从方框中选出合适的短语， 并用其适当形式填空
as a result, at least, in rder t, cme ver，in surprise, fall ill, as sn as, depend n，take care f, thrw dwn
1．She spent ____________ tw hundred yuan n the dress. It was a little expensive fr her. 2．My elder sister gt up early ____________ catch the early bus. 3．I will write a letter t yu ____________ I arrive in Shanghai.4．I can't g t the mvies with yu because I have t stay at hme and ____________ my sick brther. 5．My mther ____________ yesterday and we tk her t hspital at nce.
take care f
6．Tny pened his eyes wide ____________. He didn't knw what happened. 7．Yu can ____________ t my huse when yu are free. I'm always at hme.8．Lisa studied hard. ____________， she gt full marks in the exam. 9．He ____________ his bag and went ut.10．Yu shuld learn t be independent. Yu can't ____________ yur parents all the time.
in surprise
As a result
threw dwn
depend n
考点一：prvide的用法( )1.The newly-pened cmpany ______the lcal peple ______ mre chances t wrk.A．gives；fr B．prvides；withC．ffers；fr D．shws；with( )2.Livestreaming(直播) ______ a new chance fr traditinal culture artists.A．practices B．prvides C．prmises D．prtects
( ) 1.The Chinese Skyeye and High-speed Train interest peple a lt because______f them are leading the wrld in science and technlgy.A．bth B．each C．either D．neither( ) 2.—I hear Susan will g t Xinjiang alne.—That's true.______ her father ______ her mther will g with her.A．Bth；and B．Either；r C．Neither；nr D．All；and( )3.—When shall we g n a picnic，Saturday r Sunday?—______ is OK.I'm free the whle weekend.A．Neither B．All C．Either D．Bth( )4.Mary desn't like math.I dn't like math，______.A．t B．either C．als D．neither( )5.—I'm nt ging swimming tmrrw.—______.I have t clean up my bedrm.A．S am I B．Neither am I C．Neither I am D．S I am
考点二：辨析bth，either与neither
考点三：waste的用法1．她在衣服上浪费了很多钱。She ________ a lt f mney ________ clthes.2．汤姆从不在玩电脑游戏上浪费太多时间。Tm never ________ t much time ________ ________ cmputer games.3．和他谈话是浪费时间。It's ________ ________ ________ ________ talking t him.
wasted n
wastes in playing
a waste f time
考点四：the＋比较级＋……，the＋比较级＋……( )1.—Sarah，I'm a very slw reader. Culd yu give me sme advice t imprve my reading speed?—Well，keep n reading smething yu enjy.The mre yu read，______ yu'll be.A．the slwer B．the fresher C．the faster( )2.—Yu have made great prgress n yur study.—Thank yu.I believe ______ yu wrk，the better grades yu will get.A．the mre careless B．the mre carefulC．the wrse D．the harder
考点五：辨析brrw，lend与keep( )1.—Can I ______ Rbinsn Cruse，Mrs.Zha?—Sure，it's very interesting，but yu can nly ______it fr tw weeks.A．brrw；lend B．lend；brrwC．brrw；keep D．lend；keep( )2.—Hw lng may I ______ yur camera?—Fr a week.But yu mustn't ______ it t thers.A．brrw；lend B．keep；lendC．lend；brrw D．keep；brrw
考点六：as sn as的用法( )1.The clever by called 120 ______ his mther fell dwn in the kitchen.A．althugh B．as sn asC．as lng as D．until( )2.—Jenny，d yu knw if yur mther ______ back tmrrw?—Srry，I dn't knw.As sn as she ______ hme，I will tell her t call yu.A．cmes；gets B．will cme；gets tC．will cme；will get D．will cme；gets
( )1.Gd news! The library will prvide readers ________ free drinks. A．withB．frC．tD．f ( )2.It's necessary fr us ________ t ur parents when we have prblems.A．t talkB．talkingC．talkD．talked( )3.Yur sn is nly a 7yearld child. Yu shuldn't give him s much ________ f studies.A．riskB．hpeC．stressD．advice( )4.—Lisa, we need t clean the kitchen.Culd yu _______ the rubbish?—Yes, sure.A．take afterB．take ffC．take placeD．take ut( )5.—May I ________ yur MP3 player? —Yes, I can ________ it t yu.A．brrw; lendB．lend; brrw C．keep; lend D．brrw; keep
Review the wrds
independence
independent
Review the phrases
take ut the rubbish
sweep the flr
all the time
lk after/take care f
d the dishes
fld the clthes
make ne's bed
all day/evening
in surprise
a waste f time
get gd grades
as a result
invite sb. t...
lend sb. sth/lend sth t sb
hate t d sth
mind ding sth
finish ding sth
pass sb sth/pass sth t sb
make sb. d sth
d ne’s part in (ding ) sth
there's n need fr sb t d sth
prvide sth fr sb
brrw sth frm sb
Review the Sentances
Peter, culd yu please take ut the rubbish? (教材P17 图片文字)
take ut意为__________，是___________型短语。后跟名词作宾语时放在take ut 之间或后面都可以，后跟代词作宾语时，只能放在_______________。take ut还有____________之意。 f... 意为___________________。
如：这只狗很吵。你能把它带出去吗，迈克？
The dg is nisy. Can yu ____________. Mike?
take it ut
书在我的包里，请把它拿出来。
The bk is in my bag. Please ____________.
我从钱包里掏出钱来付早餐费。
I _____________________ my wallet t pay fr the breakfast.
tk the mney ut f
make ne’s bed
make ne’s bed 意为 ____________, 相当于 make the bed。
make a bed 意为__________, 其中 make 作 “制造;制作”解。
如：你起床后整理床铺吗?
D yu _______________ after yu get up?
他叔叔上星期给他做了一张床
His uncle _____________ fr him last week.
make yur bed
I’m ging t wrk n it nw. (教材P18 2c)
wrk n是一个动词短语, n 为介词, 表示从事某项工作, 做某项工作/研究, 创作作品、作画、开机器等。
He _____________a cmputer.
is wrking n
wrk hard n/at意为____________________________。 at wrk 意为___________________, 常作表语, 同be动词连用。
“(在……方面)努力学习,努力干”
如：她努力干那项新工作。
She ______________ the new jb.
Her mther is __________ nw.
wrks hard at
a few, few, a little 与 little
1．我是新来的，在城里我几乎没有朋友。 I am new, and I have _________ friends in the city.2．他在瓶子里放了一点盐。 He put _________ salt in the bttle.3．书中有几幅画。 There are _________ pictures in the bk.4．快点！剩下的时间不多了。 Hurry up! There is _________ time left.
情态动词culd的用法
如：我10岁时就能跑得很快。
I___________ fast when I was 10.
你现在可以和老师谈谈了。
上周末他不可能在学校。
_______ yu help me?
Yu __________ t yur teacher nw.
He __________ at the schl last weekend.
没问题。____________
乐意帮忙。_____________
当然可以。_____________________________
用于向别人提出要求或请求
“Culd yu please ” 意为 ____________________，用于提出要求或请求。否定形式为：________________________
“Culd yu please nt ”
是的，当然可以。___________________
With pleasure.
Sure./Of curse./Certainly, I can.
Yes, sure./Of cusre.
Culd yu please lend me yur bike?
如：你能把你的自行车借给我吗？
Sure./Of curse./Certainly, I can.
恐怕不行。_______________
我恐怕不能。我得……____________________________
对不起，我不能，我得……_______________________
对不起，我将……_____________________
Srry, I can't. I have t...
Srry, I'm ging t ...
I'm afraid I can’t. I have t...
I'm afraid nt.
如：明天你能和我一起去远足吗？
Culd yu please g hiking with me tmrrw?
Srry, I can't. I have t prepare fr a cmpetitin.
对不起，我不能。我得准备一场比赛。
肯定回答及否定回答中,均不用culd,而是要用can代替culd。
常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语:
委婉请求: Culd yu please+ d sth.? Culd yu+ d sth.? Wuld yu please + d sth.? Wuld yu + d sth.?肯定回答: Sure. /Of curse. /N prblem. /I'd lve t.否定回答: Srry./Srry, I can’t / I'd lve t, but……
“Culd I ”意为______________，用于_______________________。
请求对方允许自己做某事
Yes, yu can. / Of curse yu can. /Yes, please.
Srry, yu can't. /I'm afraid yu can't. /N, yu mustn’t.
如：我能看看你的新手表吗？
Culd I have a lk at yur new watch?
Of curse yu can. Here yu are.
妈妈，我能出去一会儿吗？
Mum, culd I g ut fr a while?
I'm afraid yu can't. Yu have t wash yur clthes first.
恐怕不行。你必须先洗衣服。
表示请求允许（即请求别人允许自己做某事），culd和can都可以用，但culd语气更委婉。
回答时，一般只用can，而不用culd。
Culd I at least finish watching this shw? (教材P18 2d)
finish的基本意思是____________, 表明已达到所做事情的终点。引申可表示__________________________等。finish可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时可接_______、_______或________作宾语，不能接__________。
“用光，吃光”“毕业”“杀掉”
如：晚饭前他把这本书看完了。
He _______________ the bk befre supper.
finished reading
没完成家庭作业前你哪儿都不能去。
Yu can’t g anywhere until yu ______________ yur hmewrk.
have finished
enjy ding sth. practice ding sth. keep n ding sth. mind ding sth. be busy ding sth. have fun ding sth. feel like ding sth. lk frward t ding sth. can’t help ding sth. give up ding sth.
★ 跟finish一样，在与动词连用时，只能接动名词形式作宾语，不能接动词不定式的常见动词及短语有：
(接t d的动作时间发生在“谓语动词之后，是将来的事情”，一般都是单一动作；接ding的动作时间发生在“以谓语动词为核心，向前后延伸，一般都是过去发生的动作一直持续的事情”，一般都是重复、持续的动作。)
Culd yu please pass me the salt? (教材P20 4a)
pass在此处为及物动词，意为_________。_________________________，意为____________________。如果sth. 为代词，只能用________________结构。
pass sb. sth. = pass sth. t sb.
pass sth. t sb.
He _______________________.
passed me the magazine
He _______ the magazine ______ me
This ball is Mike's. Please _____________.
这个球是迈克的。请把它传给他。
pass it t him
pass 还可意为____________；_____________；________________。
如：这条路太窄了，汽车无法通过。
The rad was s narrw that cars were unable t ____.
我很高兴我通过了考试。
I was happy that I _______________.
passed the exam
The days _____________.
passed slwly
Culd I brrw that bk? (教材P20 4a)Culd yu lend me sme mney? (教材P20 4a)
keep也可意为____________，是____________，表示“长时间的借”。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。常用于__________。而lend与brrw是__________，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
1. —Did yu brrw the animatin bk frm the library? —Yes. I ________ it fr five days. I’ll return it this afternn. A. have kept B. have brrwed C. brrwed D. lent2. —Culd yu ________ me yur bike, Tm? —OK.And yu can________ it fr a week. A. brrw; lend B. lend; brrw C. lend; keep D. brrw; keep3. —Can I ________ yur dictinary? —Srry. I’ve ________ it t Linda. A. brrw; lent B. brrw; brrwed C. lend; brrwed D. lend; lent
My mm came ver as sn as I sat dwn in frnt f the TV. (教材P19 3a)
as sn as 意为_____________，引导_____________，其后省略了引导词that，相当于the mment 或 the minute。as sn as = ____________ = ___________。 在含有as sn as引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，主句用____________，从句则用 ___________ 表将来。
如：请你一到那儿就给我打电话。
Please call me up ___________ yu get there.
the minute
我刚在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。
My mm came ver _________ I _________ in frnt f the TV.
我一做完作业就去和你玩。
As sn as I _________ my hmewrk, I will g and play with yu.
I threw dwn my bag and went t the living rm. (教材P19 3a)
thrw作动词，意为__________, 其过去式为_________，过去分词为__________。常用短语有：thrw away/ut 意为________；thrw at 意为_____________；thrw dwn 意为_______；thrw t 意为__________
如：你应该扔掉那些旧报纸。
Yu shuld _____________ thse ld newspapers.
thrw away/ut
He ________ a ball ____ the dg.
有人朝汽车扔了块石头。
Smene _________ a stne ____ the car.
到家后，她扔掉包，躺在沙发上。
Arriving hme, she ____________ her bag and lay n the sfa.
Fr ne week, she did nt d any husewrk and neither did I. (教材P19 3a)
“neither/nr +be/助动词/情态动词+主语”为______________，表示主语和前面所陈述的情况有着相同的______概念。表示___________。neither此处用作副词，意为_________。
如：我从没去过澳门，我丈夫也没去过。
I have never been t Maca, ______________________________.
neither/nr has my husband
如果你不停下来休息，他们也不会。
If yu dn't stp t rest, ___________________.
neither/nr will they
“s +连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语”为______________，表示主语和前面所陈述的情况有着相同的_______概念。其中s代替上文中的动作或状态，表示___________________________。
“也是这样”、“也是如此”
如：—杰克去年冬天在北京。 —真的吗？我也是。
—Jack was in Beijing last winter.
—Really ? _________.
(=I was als in Beijing last winter. )
如果你去海边度假，我也去。
If yu g t the seaside fr yur hliday, _____________.
【拓展延伸】neither的其他用法：
❶ neither作代词，意为____________，作主语时，谓语动词用_______形式；也可以和介词f连用，后接_______________________，neither f……后谓语动词可以用___________也可以用_____________。
如：他们俩都没有汽车。
Neither f them __________ a car.
Neither f my parents _______ at hme.
Neither _______ gd.
❷ neither作形容词，与___________连用，意为________________。作主语时，谓语动词要用____________。
Neither sentence ____ crrect.
Neither answer _______ right.
❸ 用于“neither... nr ...”结构，意为___________________，连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数要_____________________。
如：我和他都不认识琳达。
Neither I nr he _______ Linda.
Neither he nr I _______ Linda.
“What happened?” She asked in surprise. (教材P19 3a)
in surprise意为________________，常用于动词之后作方式状语，相当于_____________。其中surprise作名词，意为“惊奇”，含surprise的常用短语还有：t ne's surprise _________________。
with surprise
如：迈克惊讶地看着他们。
Mike lked at them __________________.
in/with surprise
令我惊讶的是，帮我打扫院子的那个人是我们的校长。
______________, the man wh helped me clean the yard is ur headmaster.
T my surprise
invite my friends t a party. (教材P21 1a)
invite 作动词，意为_________。常见用法有：invite sb. t+地点名词 意为________________；invite sb. t d sth. 意为_________________；invitatin作名词，意为 _____________。
如：他昨天邀请我参加他的聚会。
He ____________________ yesterday.
invited me t his party
They _____________ g fr a walk.
invited her t
Thank yu fr yur kind ____________.
They shuld spend their time n schlwrk in rder t get gd grades and get int a gd university. (教材P22 2b)
【易混辨析】spend, cst, take与pay均有________的意思，区别如下：
某人在某事/物上花费时间/金钱
某人花费时间/金钱做某事
人+spend(s)+时间或金钱+n sth.
人+spend(s) +时间或金钱+（in）ding sth.
It+takes+人+时间+t d sth.
(ding)sth. take(s) sb. sme time
做某事花费某人多长时间
(做)某事花费某人多长时间
物+cst(s) +(人) +金钱
某物花费(某人)多少钱
人+pay(s)+金钱+fr+物.
如：我们花很多时间读书。
We spend a lt f time ______________ bks.
(in) reading
It takes ____ a lt f time __________ bks
建造火神山医院只花了工人们10天时间。
It ______ the wrkers nly 10 days _______ the Hushenshan hspital.
人+spend(s) +时间或金钱+（in）ding sth.
It+takes+人+时间+t d sth.
The wrkers _____nly 10 days ___________the Hushenshan hspital.
(in)building
他们在家庭作业上花费了4小时。
They _______ fur hurs _______ their hmewrk.
They _______ fur hurs _________ their hmewrk.
It ______ them fur hurs _______ their hmewrk.
王丽花500元买了这辆自行车。
Wang Li ________ 500 yuan ________ the bike.
Wang Li ________ 500 yuan________ the bike.
Wang Li ________ 500 yuan ___________ the bike.
The bike ________ Wang Li 500 yuan.
(in) buying
这件外套花了他25美元。
He ________ 25 dllars ________ the cat.
He ________ 25 dllars ___________ the cat.
The cat ________ him 25 dllars.
1．I spent twenty yuan n the dictinary. =I ______ twenty yuan______ the dictinary. =The dictinary ___________ twenty yuan.2．我通常步行上学需要半个小时。 It usually ______ me half an hur______ t schl n ft.3．It takes us half an hur __________(clean) ur classrm every day.4．It takes _______(ur) eighty-fur minutes ________(walk) t schl.5．We _________a lt f time in reading bks.
6. Ry wrks in Lndn. It_____him abut half an hur t get t wrk by bus every day.
7．It takes ________ frty minutes ________ there by bus.
in rder t意为________________________，后加__________构成目的状语, 不成从句。其否定形式为in rder nt t。
in rder that意为____________，后加_______构成目的状语从句，表明主句行为目的。
“为了……；目的是……”
in rder that有时可与in rder t进行转换。
如：为了完成报告，他熬夜很晚。
___________ finish the reprt, he stayed up very late.
我早起是为了赶上早班车。
I get up early___________ catch the early bus.
I get up early in rder t catch the early bus.
I get up early in rder that ____________ the early bus.
I can catch
Since they live in ne huse with their parents, they shuld knw that everyne shuld d their part in keeping it clean and tidy. (教材P22 2b)
❶ since在此处作连词，意为_____________，引导原因状语从句，常位于句首。
_____________________________, I'll ask smene else.
❷ since作连词，还可意为___________________________，其引导的时间状语从句常用_____________，主句多用_____________。
Mary ____________ here ______ she was five.
如：既然你不认识那个男孩，我就去问别人。
Since yu dn't knw the by
“从……以后；自……以来”
如：玛丽从五岁起就住在这里。
❸ since作介词，意为________________________________，后接表示______________________。
She has been here since ________________ this mrning.
❹ since作副词，意为_____________________________，常与现在完成时连用。
She left here ten years ag, and I haven't seen her _______.
如：她从今天早上三点就一直在这里。
three 'clck
如：她十年前离开这里，从那以后我再也没有见过她。
I think it is imprtant fr children t learn hw t d chres and help their parents with husewrk. (教材P22 2b)
“It is+形容词+fr sb.+t d sth.”意为___________________________，其中it为____________，真正主语为______________. 此句中的形容词多为__________的词语，不对人或物的品格进行评价。如difficult，easy，hard，imprtant，dangerus，impssible等。
“做某事对某人来说是……的”
如：学英语对我来说很重要。
_______________ is very imprtant fr me.
T learn English
____ is very imprtant fr me ______________.
t learn Englis
交朋友是对你来说个好办法。
_____________________ is a gd plan fr yu .
T make mre friends
___ is a gd plan fr yu ___________________.
t make mre friends
It's the parents' jb t prvide a clean and cmfrtable envirnment at hme fr their children. (教材P22 2b)
prvide作及物动词，意为___________。常用结构：prvide sth. fr sb. =__________________，意为______________________________________。
prvide sb. with sth.
“为某人提供某物”或“提供给某人某物”
如：我们将向他们提供食物和饮料。
We'll _________ fd and drinks _______ them.
The cmpany ________ me _______ a car.
We'll _________ them _______ fd and drinks.
The cmpany ________ a care ________ me.
Husewrk is a waste f their time.
waste可以用作动词，表示__________。 a waste f……意为________________，其中 waste是名词，意为_____________________。主语+waste time/mney n sth(in ding sth)，表示_______________________________；
“在……方面浪费时间（金钱）”
如：玩电脑游戏是浪费时间的。
Playing cmputer games is_________ time.
我们浪费了整整一下午的时间想把汽车修理好。
We ________ a whle afternn __________ t repair the car.
(in) trying
Children these days depend n their parents t much. (教材P22 2b)
depend n意为_______________。depend n+__________________；depend n + ______________ +________________；depend n+__________等。
如：我们是否去野营要看天气
千万不要依靠火车能正点到达。
我们的成功取决于每个人是否努力。
Whether we’ll g camping _______________________.
I’m ______________ yu __________ the wrk.
Yu can’t ____________ the train __________ n time.
Our success ____________whether everyne wrks hard r nt.
depends n the weather
depending n
As a result, he ften fell ill and his grades drpped. (教材P22 2b)
as a result为习惯用语，意为______________。as a result f……意为___________________________。
“由于……；作为……的结果”
如：结果，我们不得不改变计划。
_____________, we had t change ur plan.
他不努力学习，结果他考试不及格。
He didn't wrk hard. _____________, he failed his exam.
He was late _________________.
由于努力学习，他通过了这次考试。
___________________________, he passed the exam easily.
As a result
As a result
As a result f his hard wrk
as a result f snw
The earlier kids learn t be independent, the better it is fr their future. (教材P22 2b)
“the+比较级……, the+比较级……”表示_________________________。
如：他解释得越多，我们就理解得越透彻。
你越认真，犯的错误就会越少。
_________________ yu are, _________________ yu will make.
____________ he explained, ____________we understd.
The mre careful
the fewer mistakes
Review the Grammar
1．shuld是情态动词shall的过去式，但有时并不表示过去。(1)表示委婉的劝告或建议，意为“应该”。如：Yu shuld hand in yur cmpsitin at nce.你应该立刻交上你的作文。(2)表示可能性或推断，意为“可能；应该”。如：I think they shuld be there nw.我想他们现在应该在那里。(3)用于特殊疑问句中，表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等强烈感情。如：Hw shuld yu knw that?你是怎么知道那件事的？
专题归类复习一 ┃情态动词shuld和culd的用法
What shuld yu d t relax?你该做什么来放松呢？2．culd是情态动词can的过去式，但有时并不表示过去。(1)表示提议，比can更客气、委婉。I culd d the shpping fr yu, if yu are tired.如果你累了，我能帮你买东西。(2)表示请求，语气比can更客气、委婉。Culd yu shw me the way t the hspital?你能告诉我去医院的路吗？
● 语法精练Ⅰ.单项选择( )1.Schls________allw students at least ne hur a day fr sprts. A．wuld B．might C．shuld D．culd( )2.________yu tell me hw t get t the pst ffice? A．Must B．Need C．Culd D．Shuld
( )3.—When can I cme fr the phts? I need them tmrrw afternn. —They________be ready by 12：00. A．can B．shuld C．might D．need( )4.—Culd I brrw yur dictinary? —Of curse yu________． A．can B．must C．shuld D．will
( )5.The basketball________his.He lves playing basketball. A．maybe B．may be C．may is D．may nt( )6.We________keep the new traffic law and learn hw t prtect urselves. A．will B．wuld C．shall D．shuld
( )7.—Culd yu please help me d my hmewrk? —Srry.I________．Yu________d it by yurself. A．culd; may B．culdn't; shuld C．can't; shuld D．can't; may( )8.—Hw was the yuth club last night, Mark? —It was great fun.Yu________cme. A．must B．can C．shuld D．may
Ⅱ.根据句意用shuld或culd填空1．Sally________make dumplings by herself when she was nly five years ld.2．In schl, all the classmates__________get n well with each ther.3．Yu________call her if yu have smething imprtant t tell her.4．Yu_________nt drive after drinking.5．_________I use yur mbile phne，please?
Review the Difficulty
用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Thank yu fr ____________ (prvide) me with s nice a rm.2．The teacher always tells us____________ (nt waste) any fd because sme peple in pr areas dn't have anything t eat.3．Betty ________ (fld) many kinds f animals with the paper fr the little children last Sunday.4．As we knw, gd results ________ (depend) n hard wrk.5．The little girl ___________ (drp) the glass n the flr and brke it.
从方框中选出合适的短语， 并用其适当形式填空
as a result, at least, in rder t, cme ver，in surprise, fall ill, as sn as, depend n，take care f, thrw dwn
1．She spent ____________ tw hundred yuan n the dress. It was a little expensive fr her. 2．My elder sister gt up early ____________ catch the early bus. 3．I will write a letter t yu ____________ I arrive in Shanghai.4．I can't g t the mvies with yu because I have t stay at hme and ____________ my sick brther. 5．My mther ____________ yesterday and we tk her t hspital at nce.
take care f
6．Tny pened his eyes wide ____________. He didn't knw what happened. 7．Yu can ____________ t my huse when yu are free. I'm always at hme.8．Lisa studied hard. ____________， she gt full marks in the exam. 9．He ____________ his bag and went ut.10．Yu shuld learn t be independent. Yu can't ____________ yur parents all the time.
in surprise
As a result
threw dwn
depend n
考点一：prvide的用法( )1.The newly-pened cmpany ______the lcal peple ______ mre chances t wrk.A．gives；fr B．prvides；withC．ffers；fr D．shws；with( )2.Livestreaming(直播) ______ a new chance fr traditinal culture artists.A．practices B．prvides C．prmises D．prtects
( ) 1.The Chinese Skyeye and High-speed Train interest peple a lt because______f them are leading the wrld in science and technlgy.A．bth B．each C．either D．neither( ) 2.—I hear Susan will g t Xinjiang alne.—That's true.______ her father ______ her mther will g with her.A．Bth；and B．Either；r C．Neither；nr D．All；and( )3.—When shall we g n a picnic，Saturday r Sunday?—______ is OK.I'm free the whle weekend.A．Neither B．All C．Either D．Bth( )4.Mary desn't like math.I dn't like math，______.A．t B．either C．als D．neither( )5.—I'm nt ging swimming tmrrw.—______.I have t clean up my bedrm.A．S am I B．Neither am I C．Neither I am D．S I am
考点二：辨析bth，either与neither
考点三：waste的用法1．她在衣服上浪费了很多钱。She ________ a lt f mney ________ clthes.2．汤姆从不在玩电脑游戏上浪费太多时间。Tm never ________ t much time ________ ________ cmputer games.3．和他谈话是浪费时间。It's ________ ________ ________ ________ talking t him.
wasted n
wastes in playing
a waste f time
考点四：the＋比较级＋……，the＋比较级＋……( )1.—Sarah，I'm a very slw reader. Culd yu give me sme advice t imprve my reading speed?—Well，keep n reading smething yu enjy.The mre yu read，______ yu'll be.A．the slwer B．the fresher C．the faster( )2.—Yu have made great prgress n yur study.—Thank yu.I believe ______ yu wrk，the better grades yu will get.A．the mre careless B．the mre carefulC．the wrse D．the harder
考点五：辨析brrw，lend与keep( )1.—Can I ______ Rbinsn Cruse，Mrs.Zha?—Sure，it's very interesting，but yu can nly ______it fr tw weeks.A．brrw；lend B．lend；brrwC．brrw；keep D．lend；keep( )2.—Hw lng may I ______ yur camera?—Fr a week.But yu mustn't ______ it t thers.A．brrw；lend B．keep；lendC．lend；brrw D．keep；brrw
考点六：as sn as的用法( )1.The clever by called 120 ______ his mther fell dwn in the kitchen.A．althugh B．as sn asC．as lng as D．until( )2.—Jenny，d yu knw if yur mther ______ back tmrrw?—Srry，I dn't knw.As sn as she ______ hme，I will tell her t call yu.A．cmes；gets B．will cme；gets tC．will cme；will get D．will cme；gets
( )1.Gd news! The library will prvide readers ________ free drinks. A．withB．frC．tD．f ( )2.It's necessary fr us ________ t ur parents when we have prblems.A．t talkB．talkingC．talkD．talked( )3.Yur sn is nly a 7yearld child. Yu shuldn't give him s much ________ f studies.A．riskB．hpeC．stressD．advice( )4.—Lisa, we need t clean the kitchen.Culd yu _______ the rubbish?—Yes, sure.A．take afterB．take ffC．take placeD．take ut( )5.—May I ________ yur MP3 player? —Yes, I can ________ it t yu.A．brrw; lendB．lend; brrw C．keep; lend D．brrw; keep
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