全国大联考2023届高三下学期3月联考英语试卷（含答案）

全国大联考2023届高三下学期3月联考英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

Four Historic Firsts for Women in Space You Might not Know About

First Woman in Space

    Soviet cosmonaut(宇航员) Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to go to space when she was launched with the Vostok 6 mission on June 16, 1963. She was selected from a pool of 400applicants and five finalists. She was honorarily inducted(入伍) into the Soviet Air Force so that she could join the Cosmonaut Corps. Tereshkova is the only woman ever to have been on a solo space mission.

First US Woman in Space

    Sally Ride was the first American astronaut to go into orbit on June 18, 1983, as a crew member on the space shuttle Challenger for STS-7. Ride was one of 8,000 people to answer an ad in the Stanford student newspaper seeking applicants for NASA. She was chosen to join the space program in 1978. She went on one additional mission and spent a total of 343 hours in space.

First Woman to Walk in Space

    The first woman to walk in space, Svetlana Savitskaya, was also a cosmonaut. She was on her second mission when she space-walked as part of the Salyut 7-EP2 on July 17, 1984. She was also the first woman to have gone into space twice.

First Teacher to go to Space

    Christa McAuliffe was a teacher and a civilian astronaut from Concord, NH who was killed with six other crew members when the space shuttle Challenger broke apart 73 seconds after launch on January 28, 1986. McAuliffe was selected from more than 11,000 applicants to participate in the NASA Teacher in Space Project. She was planning on conducting experiments and teaching two lessons from space.

1、When did Valentina Tereshkova go to space?

A. In 1963. B.In 1983. C.In 1984. D. In 1986.

2、Who was the first woman to have gone into space twice?

A. Valentina Tereshkova. B. Sally Ride.

C. Svetlana Savitskaya. D. Christa McAuliffe.

3、What is special about Christa McAuliffe?

A. She was a civilian astronaut.

B. She was on a solo space mission.

C. She conducted experiments from space successfully.

D. She was selected from 8,000 people to join in the space project.

    Children are naturally curious about the world around them. When Chase Hansen was only 4years old, he encountered homeless people for the first time while shopping with his dad at an outdoor mall in Salt Lake City, Nevada. It's no wonder that he had a lot of questions.

    "Chase looked at me and said, 'Dad, who are these people? Why don't they have a place to stay?' " John Hansen recalled. "After I explained that they had run into hard times and were homeless, I knew that we were looking at an educational opportunity. My son wanted to help them."

    The father and son convinced a local Jamba Juice store to donate more than 100 smoothies(果汁) and the pair gave them out to homeless people in a park.

    After that, they came up with an even better idea. "I wanted a way to get to know people better," Chase said. "So, my dad and I decided to start taking some of the homeless people we'd met out to lunch."

    "A lot of people walk right past homeless people and don't see the person," he said. I know now that they're people just like us. They want to make a connection and not feel so alone in the world."

    Hundreds of lunches later, they run a self-funded charity called Project Empathy(同情) to help inspire others to meet and to create relationships with the homeless people in their neighborhoods. The organization provides a list of resources that can help homeless people with food, housing and employment.

    John said that what started as a way to spend quality time with his son has turned into a passion for both of them. "Chase and I realized that the country needed an army of people to practice empathy, and that by doing something as simple as taking a homeless person to lunch, we could maybe inspire others to do the same," he said. "Any time you can help to give someone a voice, it's empowering."

4、Which of the following can best describe Chase Hansen?

A. Curious and caring. B.Knowledgeable and kind.

C. Successful and talented. D.Generous and ambitious.

5、Why did John and his son take some of the homeless people out to lunch initially?

A. To help them to find the suitable shelter.

B. To make friends with the homeless people.

C. To do some research and prepare for a project.

D. To have a better understanding of the homeless people.

6、What's the father and son super team's goal?

A. To offer jobs to the homeless.

B. To change the social-economic conditions.

C. To donate more smoothies to the homeless.

D. To inspire more people to help the homeless.

7、What's the best title of the text?

A. The Terrible Situation of Homeless People

B. The Relationship Between Father and Son

C. Father and Son Help Homeless People One Meal at a Time

D.Project Empathy Encourages People to Practice Empathy

    “I like pigs,” Winston Churchill supposedly once said. "Dogs look up at us, cats look down on us, but pigs treat us as equals." Whether Churchill's contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in other domestic beasts, for it was they who ended up running the show in novel Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures.

    And, like all animals, they sometimes fight. A study just published in Animal Cognition by Ivan Norscia, a biological anthropologist at the University of Turin, in Italy, and his colleagues, looked at how a group of 104 domestic pigs went about resolving such incidents. In total, Dr. Norscia and his team studied the details of 216 pig conflicts over the course of six months.

    Some pigs tend to be attackers; others tend to be victims. Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power. The attacker might bite, kick, bump or lift the victim(or string together a sequence of those actions). Most conflicts ended in seconds, but some lasted a minute or two.

    In most animal species that would be that. However, many of the pig conflicts Dr. Norscia observed had interested parties beyond the protagonists(主角). He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights—and what this says about pigs' cognitive(认知) abilities.

    Since there was usually not enough time for a bystander pig to intervene during the heat of a conflict (though this did occur), he and his colleagues looked at what happened in the three minutes directly following an aggressive interaction. Sometimes, they found, the protagonists made up on their own—for instance, by touching noses.

    On other occasions, though, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander acted as a peacemaker, engaging with the attacker and reducing the number of subsequent attacks compared with what might otherwise have been expected. Sometimes, by contrast, the bystander engaged with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior such as shaking and scratching.

8、Why does the author mention Winston Churchill in the first paragraph?

A. To prove pigs are clever. B.To show pigs are inspirational.

C.To state Churchill loves pigs. D. To introduce the topic of the text.

9、What probably decides on the pigs' roles in pig conflict?

A. Their ages.  B. Their weight.

C. Their safety needs. D.Their cognitive abilities.

10、Why did Ivan Norscia and his colleagues conduct the study?

A. To comprehend the role of bystanders in conflict resolution.

B. To figure out the relationship between pigs.

C. To record the details of 216 pig conflicts.

D. To find out the reason for pigs' conflicts.

11、How will the bystander interact with the victim after a fight?

A.By shaking it.  B. By touching its nose.

C.By seratching its back. D.By offering comfort to it.

    Our clothes do a lot for us. They keep us warm in the winter or cool while we're working out. They let us dress to impress or comfortably veg out on the couch with the TV on. But some researchers think our clothes could be doing even more. Those scientists and engineers are dreaming up new ways to make clothes safer, more comfortable or just more convenient.

    Some ideas for new clothes aim to protect people from harm. One new shoe design, for example, features pop-out spikes(鞋钉) on the sole that grip the ground. This could help people keep their footing on slippery or uneven ground. A new fabric coating, meanwhile, could absorb and neutralize(中和) some chemical weapons. That coating is made from a metal-organic framework that breaks down harmful compounds. It could offer protection to people in war-torn countries.

    Not all advanced clothing is designed to save lives. Some could just make clothes more comfortable. One day, for instance, you may not need to layer up to stay warm. Fabric filled with nanowires could reflect your body heat back onto your skin. Electric current humming through those metal threads could provide warmth, too. This may be especially useful for hikers, soldiers or others working in super cold conditions.

    Some researchers have dreamt up wholly new uses for clothing—like turning wearers into walking power outlets. Flexible solar panels sewn into fabric could absorb the sun to recharge phones or other devices on the go. Another team threaded fabric with magnetized(磁化的) copper and silver to write data into fabrics. Such data-packed fabric could be used as a hands-free key or form of ID.

    Many of these ideas have not yet left the lab—and they're still pretty far from hitting retail(零售) shelves. But inventors hope these and other innovations could someday let you get more from your clothes.

12、What do the underlined words "veg out" in paragraph 1 probably mean?

A.Relax.  B. Stand out. C. Work. D.Dream about.

13、Why do the new shoes feature pop-out spikes on the sole?

A. To make them comfortable.

B. To make them fashionable.

C. To prevent people from slipping.

D. To turn wearers into walking power outlets.

14、What kind of clothes are suitable for hikers?

A.Coats filled with nanowires. B. Shoes with pop-out spikes on the sole.

C. Clothes with a new fabric coating. D. Clothes made of data-packed fabric.

15、What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Many of these ideas are not realistic.

B. Many smart clothes are too expensive to afford.

C. People will benefit more from their clothes in future.

D. Many comfortable clothes will come to the market soon.

二、七选五

16、How to Speak English Fluently

    Immerse(沉浸) yourself in English every day

    ①_____ The best way to quickly improve your English is to spend at least a few minutes practicing every day.

    There's a special language learning method called immersion". With immersion, you try to surround yourself with the language as much as you can in your day-to-day activities.

    Accept that English grammar has a lot of exceptions

    Sometimes, you can find patterns in English grammar, but other times English doesn't make sense at all. It's easy to get stuck on learning how to speak English properly if you try to find a reason for everything. ②_____So the best thing to do is just memorize the strange exceptions and move on.

    Learn intonation, body language and gestures

    Intonation is the "rise and fall" or tone changes in how a person speaks. Body language is how a person uses their own body to support (or go against) what they mean. Gestures are hand and body movements that work together with what someone is saying. ③_____ One way to learn is to just watch how native English speakers communicate with each other.

    Share your opinions online

    To really learn English speaking, you need to learn how to express yourself in English. Even if you have ideas for conversations, it can be hard to know how to put them into your own words. You can practice this by participating in conversations online. ④_____

    Get direct feedback

    To improve your speaking, you can ask directly for feedback. Since you usually can't do this with casual conversations, it might be worth setting up a language exchange, where you can ask the person to tell you directly if any of your sentences sounds awkward or unnatural. ⑤_____ HelloTalk also allows you to chat in English, and then your conversation partner will literally mark out your mistakes.

A. Sometimes, English is just strange!

B. There are many options for practicing your writing skills.

C. Listen carefully when someone asks you a question in English.

D.It's not easy to learn these three things because they seem very natural.

E. Posting on social media and leaving comments on articles are good approaches.

F. Studying English for an hour once a week isn't usually enough to make any real progress.

G. There are even apps for this, like Go Correct, where you can connect with English teachers.

三、完形填空（15空）

    I am a teacher in a famous co-education English medium Secondary School. Our school provides necessary    1    for disabled students like a wheel-chair, lift, separate wash rooms and many more. One of our students, Kiran gradually developed “Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy”, a severe muscular disease and became completely    2    on others.

    When the school reopened for its new academic session in June 2017, as class teacher I found that Kiran was not    3    for his new session. I    4    for one month. Meanwhile, I enquired about his    5    with his younger sister and    6    that Kiran's condition became worse than before. With the    7    from the school authorities, I    8    him at his house along with his classmates and    9    him by giving examples of some of the most successful personalities with disabilities. They    10    even the fully functional people and claimed their    11    such as, Stephen Hawking, Hellen Keller and Stevie Wonder. Kiran's classmates    12    to help him with his studies.

    Kiran now    13    his studies with the help of his teachers and classmates. At present, he is amongst one of the favorites for his teachers and fellow students. The boys of his class take    14    to play chess with him. We always try to make him    15    and bring a smile on his face.

17、A. sources  B. protection C. facilities  D. education

18、A. dependent  B. impressed  C. focused  D. hard

19、A. late B. suitable  C. responsible  D. present

20、A. waited B. cheered up  C. hesitated  D. dropped out

21、A. future  B. health  C. work  D. safety

22、A. learned  B. remembered  C. expected D. admitted

23、A. assistance  B. permission C. experience D. invitation

24、A. missed  B.instructed  C. visited  D.accompanied

25、A. saved B. persuaded  C. praised  D. encouraged

26、A. rose above  B.fell behind C. picked out  D. took on

27、A. identity  B. fame  C. wealth  D. power

28、A. allowed  B.witnessed C. promised  D. remembered

29、A. considers  B. continues  C. finishes  D. quits

30、A. steps  B. measures  C. notes  D. tums

31、A. great  B. quiet C. proud D. happy

四、语法填空

32、    Bungee jumping originated with an ancient adult initiation ceremony on the Pentecost Islands in Vanuatu, ①_____ young men jumped off ②_____ high platform with vines (葡萄藤) attached to their feet as a test of their courage and passage into manhood.

    ③_____(inspire) by this, three men in England staged the first modern bungee jumps off a bridge in Bristol in 1979. This led to a number of people ④_____(make) bungee jumps for TV shows or as a way ⑤_____(show) off their skills, often off ⑥_____(extreme) famous structures such as the Eiffel Tower. One of these men, Alan John Hackett, opened up the first ⑦_____(commerce) bungee jumping site at the Kawarau Gorge Suspension Bridge in New Zealand.

    Since then Hackett ⑧_____(open) up a large number of other bungee jumping ⑨_____(site) around the world and is perhaps the single person most responsible ⑩_____ making bungee jumping a safe and popular adventure sport. Through Hackett's efforts, New Zealand has now become a center for adventure sports tourism, and people still travel from around the world to bungee jump at Kawarau Gorge.

五、书面表达

33、假定你是学生会主席李华,你校将举办以校园生活为主题的绘画比赛,请给你校交换生Chris写封邮件,邀请他参加。内容包括:

1.活动意义;

2.参赛要求。

注意:

1.写作词数应为80左右;

2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

六、读后续写

34、阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

    "Mommy, can we get some cupcakes for my birthday? Please!" 4-year-old Norah said.

    I hesitated about going to the grocery store on a Tuesday, Senior Citizen Discount Day. We had already celebrated Norah's big day. Her two elder sisters were also born in September, so we had one big celebration for all of them. But today was Norah's actual birthday. How could I say no?

    "Okay," I said, thinking of the seniors who would crowd the aisles(过道)in the store. "But we have to be quick."

    At the store I put Norah in one of the carts shaped like a car and did my best to move it to the bakery quickly. I picked up a package of cupcakes, swung to the other part of the store for birthday balloons and then got distracted by salad dressings.

    From the corner of my eye, I saw Norah standing up in the cart waving excitedly. "Hi, old person! It's my birthday today," she said cheerfully.

    An elderly man in his 80s stared at us stone-faced. Before I could explain that "old person" isn't exactly the best way to address someone, the man had already opened his mouth to reply to her. "Well, hello, little lady," he said. "How old are you today?"

    "I'm four," Norah said, holding up her fingers. Then we chatted briefly, long enough for him to tell me that he was Dan and that he usually tried to avoid the grocery store on Senior Citizen Discount Day as well.

    We went our separate ways. Several minutes later, Norah asked, “Can I take a photo with the old man for my birthday?" I felt kind of strange about asking a complete stranger to take a photo with this kid who had just called him "old person".

    "Let's see if we can," I said. We went back and spotted Mr. Dan by the dairy section.

    "There he is!" Norah pointed. His hair was uncombed(乱的), and he was dressed in a plaid shirt, jeans and sneakers. "Ask him, Mommy!" Norah said.

    "Okay, okay, I'll ask, honey," I told Norah, and then approached the old man.

注意:

1.续写词数应为150左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

    "Excuse me, Mr. Dan," I said.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

    "My wife passed away months ago," Dan explained.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

1、答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据First Woman in Space下面的内容“Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to go to space when she was launched with the Vostok 6 mission on June 16, 1963.”可知答案。故选A。

2、答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据First Woman to Walkin Space下面的内容“She was also the first woman to have gone into space twice.”可知答案。故选C。

3、答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据First Teacher to go to Space下面的内容“Christa McAuliffe was a teacher and a civilian astronaut from Concord”可知答案。故选A。

4、答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s no wonder that he had a lot of questions.”可推知,Chase Hansen是好奇的;再根据第二段“My son wanted to help them.”可推知,Chase Hansen是关心他人的。故选A。

5、答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“I wanted away to get to know people better”可知答案。故选D。

6、答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“and that by doing something as simple as taking a homeless person to lunch, we could maybe inspire others to do the same”可知答案。故选D。

7、答案：C

解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了父亲和儿子通过请那些无家可归的人吃一顿饭的方式来帮助无家可归的人。故选C。

8、答案：D

解析：推理判断题。作者在第一段提到Winston Churchill是为了引出本文要探讨的话题。故选D。

9、答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power.”可知答案。故选B。

10、答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights”可知答案。故选A。

11、答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,有时,旁观者会与受害者互动。这似乎会让受害者平静下来,使其少做出一些焦虑的行为(如颤抖和抓挠)。换句话说,旁观者会安慰受害者。故选D。

12、答案：A

解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段“on the couch with the TV on”可推知,此处veg out意为“放松”。故选A。

13、答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Some ideas for new clothes aim to protect people from harm. One new shoe design, for example, features pop-out spike son the sole that grip the ground. This could help people keep their footing on slippery or uneven ground."可知答案。故选C。

14、答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Fabric filled with nanowires could reflect your body heat back onto your skin. Electric current humming through those metal threads could provide warmth, too. This may be especially useful for hikers”可知答案。故选 A。

15、答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“But inventors hope these and other innovations could someday let you get more from your clothes.”可推知,未来人们能够从穿着服装中受益更多。故选C。

16、答案：FADEG

解析：①根据此空后一句中“is to spend at least a few minutes practicing every day”可知答案。故选F。

②根据此空后一句“So the best thing to do is just memorize the strange exceptions and move on.”中的“strange”可知答案。故选A。

③选项D中的“these three things”对应本段中的“Intonation”、“Body language”以及“Gestures”。故选D。

④本节的标题是:Share your opinions online。E项是举例说明如何在网上分享你的观点。故选E。

⑤根据此空后一句中“HelloTalk also allows you to chat in English”可知答案。故选G。

17、答案：C

解析：根据下文“like a wheel-chair, lift, separate wash rooms and many more”可知答案。故选C。

18、答案：A

解析：根据上文“a severe muscular disease”可知,Kiran变得完全依赖他人。故选A。

19、答案：D

解析：句意:2017年6月,当学校重新开始新的学术课程时,作为班主任,我发现Kiran没有出席他的新课程。故选D。

20、答案：A

解析：句意:我等了一个月。故选A。

21、答案：B

解析：根据下文“Kiran's condition became worse than before”可知答案。故选B。

22、答案：A

解析：句意:与此同时,我向他的妹妹询问了他的健康状况,得知Kiran的病情比以前更糟了。故选A。

23、答案：B

解析：句意:在校方的允许下,我和他的同学们一起去了他家。故选B。

24、答案：C

解析：句意:在校方的允许下,我和他的同学们一起去了他家,并给他举了一些最成功的残疾人士的例子鼓励他。故选C。

25、答案：D

解析：根据下文“by giving examples of some of the most successful personalities with disabilities”可知答案。故选D。

26、答案：A

解析：句意:他们甚至超越了身体健全的人,比如像斯蒂芬·霍金、海伦·凯勒、史蒂夫·旺德,他们获得了自己的声誉。rise above 意为“超越,战胜”。故选A。

27、答案：B

解析：根据下文“Stephen Hawking, Hellen Keller and Stevie Wonder”可知答案。故选B。

28、答案：C

解析：根据下文“with the help of his teachers and classmates”可知,Kiran的同学们答应帮助他学习。故选C。

29、答案：B

解析：句意:Kiran现在在老师和同学的帮助下继续学习。故选B。

30、答案：D

解析：句意:他班的男生轮流和他下棋。Take turns to do sth.意为“轮流做某事”。故选D。

31、答案：D

解析：根据下文“bring a smile on his face”可知,“我们”总是努力让他开心,让他脸上露出笑容。故选D。

32、答案：①where②a③Inspired④making⑤to show⑥extremely⑦commercial⑧has opened⑨sites⑩for

解析：①根据句子结构可知,该空是定语从句的关系词,先行词the Pentecost Islands in Vanuatu指地点,关系词在定语从句中作状语,故此空填where。

②此处指“一个高的平台”。故此空填a,表示泛指。

③主语与inspire之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作状语。故此空填Inspired。

④此空填making构成动名词复合结构作介词to的宾语。

⑤此空填to show作way的后置定语。

⑥用副词修饰形容词。故此空填extremely。

⑦商业蹦极场地。用形容词修饰名词。故此空填commercial。

⑧根据句首时间状语“Since then”可知,此空填现在完成时。故此空填has opened。

⑨其他的蹦极场地,表复数意义。故此空填sites。

⑩be responsible for...为固定搭配,意为“对……负责”。故此空填for。

33、答案：

Dear Chris,

    How are you getting along? I am writing to invite you to participate in the on-coming painting contest in our school.

    The contest, with the theme of “Life on Campus”, is aimed at enriching us students' after-class activities and arousing our affection for our school. You are always interested in painting, so I consider it a good opportunity for you to show your talent. Remember to submit your painting to Students' Union before November 10.

    Looking forward to seeing your wonderful work.

Yours,

Li Hua

34、答案：

    “Excuse me, Mr. Dan,” I said. “We spoke several minutes ago. Norah would like to take a photo with you for her birthday. So...” The man steadied himself on his shopping cart. “A photo with me?” he wondered. “Yes, for my birthday,” Norah said happily. Without hesitation, he wrapped his arm around Norah gently. Both of them looked at me with smiles on their faces. I quickly captured the moment with my phone. I thanked Mr. Dan for being so nice, but he said he should thank Norah and me.

    “My wife passed away months ago,” Dan explained. “I had been terribly lonely. This has been the best day I've had in a long time, and you have made me so happy.” Hearing his words, Norah asked me, “Why not make this 'old person' much happier?” So we invited Mr. Dan to celebrate Norah's birthday together at my home with some cupcakes. This would be a special birthday for Norah, and I realized I should no longer avoid grocery store on Senior Citizen Discount Day.