2023届上海市徐汇区高三英语一模试卷及答案（不含听力）

2023届上海市徐汇区高三一模

英 语 试 题

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten shot conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. To the bank.

B. To the grocery store.

C. To the drugstore.

D. To the barbershop.

2. A. Washing the dishes.

B. Taking out the rubbish

C. Doing some ironing

D. Preparing for dinner.

3. A. It is affordable for every family

B. It is popular for its free delivery.

C. It can be bought online only.

D. It is highly spoken of among users.

4. A. He is in urgent need of a talk.

B. He is fully occupied right now.

C. He runs a lab in the middle of the city

D. He is doing an experiment at the moment.

5. A. They are a family without kids.

B. They adopted children from Africa.

C. They have many African friends

D. They make donations to help children.

6. A. She must have paid much for the course.

B. She is too lazy to keep good figure.

C. She's got good results from her hard work.

D. She doesn't need to take the course

7. A. The man is not suitable for the position

B. The job has been given to someone else.

C. She had received only one application letter.

D. The application arrived earlier than expected.

8. A. Hang out with friends.

B. Go to a movie.

C. Hike in the woods.

D. Prepare for exams.

9. A. The beginning is truly dissatisfactory.

B. The end of the book is disappointing

C. Looking into the future is its selling point

D. It is good in spite of the scary part.

10. A. He will purchase surgical masks.

B. He insists on buying N95 masks.

C. He will go to another drugstore.

D. He supports the medical workers.

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. You are trying to actively recall the information

B. You may think that you already know the information.

C. You may lose your sense of speed and fluency

D. You are spending too much time memorizing the information

12. A. Because students may have a false sense of understanding.

B. Because students may miss some important information.

C. Because students may highlight unimportant details.

D. Because students may not understand the higher-level concepts.

13. A. Organize study groups.

B. Practice on old exams.

C. Read through the exam paper.

D. Explain concepts to others.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. Buying fewer clothes

B. Renting clothes.

C. Buying second-hand clothes.

D. Tailoring clothes.

15. A. Young people can't afford to buy many new clothes.

B. It is easy to buy and sell second-hand clothing online

C. People are more aware of the destructive impact of fast fashion

D. Organic and recycled materials are more widely used.

16. A. Development in technology transforms the fashion industry

B. Consumers change purchasing habits in response to rising prices.

C. Second-hand clothing helps reducing fashion footprint.

D. Fast fashion does great harm to environment.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. Receptionist and guest.

B. Colleagues.

C. Classmates.

D. Waiter and diner.

18. A. To open new markets.

B. To accept an award.

C. To attend a conference.

D. To negotiate contracts

19. A. Using your chopsticks to pass food to others.

B. Refilling the glasses of people seated beside you.

C. Tipping the waiters for their good service.

D. Offering to split the cost with the host.

20. A. They empty their glasses.

B. They put the glasses aside.

C. They tell the host directly.

D. They leave their glasses full.

lI. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank

What is Prosopagnosia?

Imagine living in a world where everyone looks vaguely familiar, but you never know for certain exactly who anyone is. Your old classmates, your coworkers, your friends, and even your family members can appear (21)______ first glance to be friendly strangers who seem to know you. That's (22) ______ life is like for people with prosopagnosia, or face blindness.

Prosopagnosia is a neurological(神经性的) disorder that causes someone to have trouble recognizing people they know, or distinguishing between different people's faces. (23) ______ difficulties in face recognition were noted over a hundred years ago, understanding of prosopagnosia is still unfolding. The condition has received a significant share of the public's attention after American author Jean Gilbert penned down her struggles with prosopagnosia in her book, The Picasso Mirror. (24) ______ such as well-known British anthropologist Dr Jane Goodall and Hollywood actor Brad Pitt have also revealed that they have face blindness. A study from Harvard and University College London found that prosopagnosia may affect up to 2% of the population, (25) ______ (mean) there may be millions of face-blind people. For many people just realizing that their difficulties are the result of a recognized neurological condition and that they are “not alone" (26) ______(make) a huge difference.

For typical observers face recognition is based on the whole face, but for prosopagnosia is it the opposite- they are more focused on (27) ______(isolate) features. They often have to rely on clues other than someone's facial features, such as hairstyle, clothing, or voice, (28) ______(identify) the people they know. It (29) ______ be very disturbing for the person who has face blindness, as they do not know how to relate with people. This would hold especially true if the person isn't aware that they might have prosopagnosia. They could become socially withdrawn (30) ______ could lead to depression, panic attacks, social isolation or social anxiety.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

The magic numbers

This is the age of the data scientist.

Employers of all kinds prize people with the skills to obtain and analyze enormous amounts of information, to spot patterns in the data and to turn them into useful (31)______ But some of the most valuable figures in business need neither a(n) (32) ______ team nor knowledge of Python They are simple to remember and useful in every organization:

Zero: Doing nothing can be the most valuable thing a manager can do, as the story of Atwood's duck (33) ______. It was well known that the higherups had to make a change to everything that was done. The (34) ______ was that subconsciously they felt that if they didn't, they weren't adding value. The artist working on the queen animations for Battle Chess was aware of this (35) ______ and came up with an innovative solution. He did the animations for the queen the way that he felt would be best, with one addition: he gave the queen a pet duck. Eventually, it came time for the higher-ups to review the animation set for the queen. Sure enough, they asked the programmer to do only one thing: (36) ______ the bird

One: This is the number of bosses people should have. In reality, matrix( 矩阵) structures and team-based (37) ______ mean that team members report to multiple leaders. This can have benefits, but (38) ______ is not one of them. The Gallup poll showed that those who work in a matrix are less likely to know what is expected of them, and more likely to spend their day in endless internal meetings. While the intention of the matrix is to benefit teams, it may (39)______ projects and muddy the overall process.

Three: Good marketing follows certain universal truths. In a paper published in 2013, two academics tested whether there was a perfect number of claims that marketers should make for their products and services in (40) ______ messages. They found that making three claims was best: any fewer and consumers felt they lacked enough information to make their minds up about a product; anymore and they became confused. The “rule of three” is useful in many other settings, too, from points in presentations to pricing options for customers.

II. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Are you a digital hoarder?

Most people are familiar with hoarding(囤积) and the psychological issues associated with it. Hoarding leads to messy homes and difficulty (41) ______ with items that you don't use and don't even need. But hoarding can also occur in the digital world.

Digital hoarding, also known as e-hoarding, is too much acquisition and (42) ______ to delete electronic material no longer valuable to the user. Most computer users save digital files to some extent, and that's expected. With digital hoarding, however, the act of saving the files becomes an uncontrollable (43) ______. Digital hoarders may collect emails, photos, articles, podcasts, or any type of computer files they believe they may want to revisit in the future, and ultimately, in most cases, they (44) ______ get to actually use it or listen to it or read it.

Digital hoarding also occurs when someone is too (45) ______ to the data even to consider getting rid of it. This can include chats and photos of an old partner, (46) ______ sent by a long-lost friend, or even screenshots collected several years ago.

Researchers have (47) ______ digital hoarders into 4 different types, according to their characteristics. “Collectors" are organized, (48) ______ and in control of their data. “Accidental hoarders", also called (49) ______ or disorganized hoarders", don't intentionally save unnecessary data. They just don't know how to organize it. "The hoarders by instruction" keep data on behalf of their company (even when they could delete much of it). Finally, “anxious hoarders" have strong emotional (50) ______ to their data - and are worried about deleting it.     The problem has only gotten worse since we have more, (51) ______ to digital storage thar ever. In addition, cloud storage makes it incredibly easy to purchase more storage as needed. With (52) ______ cloud space, it's logical when network users don't think twice about saving files. However, studies found that digital hoarders experience increased levels of stress and now researchers are observing that the negative consequences of digital hoarding may be similar to those (53) ______ hoarding (54) _____, it’s important to set time aside to have a good clear-out in the same way we do in the physical world. By organizing and (55) ______ useless files in s regular way, people with this problem can case some of their distress and clear their own mind as well.

41. A. stocking  B. binding   C. living    D. parting

42. A. reluctance  B. eagerness   C. perspective  D. fantasy

43. A. obstacle  B. boost    C. urge    D. stream

44. A. substantially  B. frequently   C. autonomously   D. rarely

45. A. transmitted  B. closed    C. attached   D. assigned

46. A. flowers   B. texts    C. gifts    D. letters

47. A. regulated  B. categorized  C. integrated   D. stimulated

48. A. rigid   B. generous   C. patriotic   D. systematic

49. A. disengaged  B. enthusiastic  C. reliable   D. discriminated

50. A. appeals   B. conflicts   C. issues    D. ties

51. A. access   B. concern   C. desire    D. excuse

52. A. multiple  B. secure    C. limitless   D. meaningless

53. A. massive  B. regular   C. casual    D. physical

54. A. Instead   B. However   C. Otherwise   D. Therefore

55. A. making use of B. taking care of  C. getting rid of   D. getting used to

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Jacob hated finishing things almost as much as he loved starting them. As a result, he had gotten into a million hobbies and activities, but he never stuck with any of them long enough to get any good.

He begged his mother for months for a guitar so that he could play Black Eyed Peas songs to Angie, a girl he liked, but after he finally got one for Christmas, he found out that guitars don't pl themselves. He took a few lessons, but the strings hurt his fingers and he didn't like holding the pick, so now the five-hundred dollar guitar lives under his bed.

After reading an ad in the back of one of his comic books, Jacob decided that he wanted Wonder-Sweeper 5000 metal detector so that he could find buried treasure. So he mowed lawns all summer and shoveled driveways all winter He didn't spend his money on ice-cream like his young brother, Alex. By the time spring came he had saved $200, and he purchased the Wonder-Sweeper 5000 metal detector. He beeped it around the park for a while, be he soon found out that no one had ever left any treasure in his neighborhood. He buried the metal detector in his closest.

Given Jacob's history with hobbies, it was no surprise that Jacob's father was reluctant to buy him a magician's kit for his birthday. Jacob was insistent. "Dad, this time I'll stick with it for real. I promise!" Jacob begged. Jacob's father sighed. But he was reminded of his own youth long ago, when he quit football and started boxing practice before hardly getting his equipment dirty. So when Jacob's birthday came around, Jacob was both surprised and pleased to find the magician's kit that he had desired so badly. Jacob opened up the box and unwrapped the many parts in the kit. He took the many fake coins, trick cards, and rope pieces of varying length on the kitchen table and imagined pulling rabbits out of his hat and turning them into pigeons with a mysterious puff of smoke.

As Jacob continued pulling plastic thumbs, foam balls, and giant playing cards out of the magic kit, a commercial on the TV caught his attention.

"Hey kids! Have you ever wanted to go to space? Experience what it's like to be an astronaut? Do you want to explore the universe? Well, now you can." As the commercial continued playing. Jacob walked away from the magic kit on the kitchen table and stared at the TV screen longingly “For only $195 you can go to space camp and live life like an astronaut for a whole weekend. Enroll now for a once in a life time experience." Jacob's cry rang throughout the house as he yelled, “MOM!" He now knew what his true purpose in life was.

56. Why did Jacob stop playing the guitar?

A. It hurt his fingers.

B. He'd rather play drums.

C. It was too expensive.

D. He became interested in comic books.

57. Jacob's father decided to buy him the magician's kit because _______.

A. Jacob was insistent on having it

B. Jacob's birthday was coming

C. Jacob quit many expensive activities

D. Jacob reminded his father of himself

58. Which of the following is Jacob most likely to do next based on the end of the story?

A. Become a great magician.

B. Learn to play guitar well.

C. Detect an incredible hidden treasure.

D. Raise money to go to space camp.

59. What can be learned about Jacob according to the passage?

A. He was persistent in pursuing his dreams. B. He never stuck with anything for long.

C. He has always wanted to be a magician.

D. He finally found his true purpose in life.

(B)

Vanuatu is an island nation in the South Pacific. It is also one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those interested in adventure and sport, there is a lot to do. Some of the best snorkeling (浮潜) can be found here. Vanuatu's islands also offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano surfing and land diving

Volcano Surfing

On Tanna Island, Mount Yasur rises 300 meters (1,000 feet) into the sky. It is known as the L lighthouse of the Pacific because of its regular eruptions for hundreds of years. For centuries, both island locals and visitors have climbed this mountain to visit the top. Some visitors find Yasur terrifying; others captivating. Photographers are beside themselves at the opportunity to make stunning artwork from such a special point. Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano.

In some ways, volcano surfing, also commonly known as ash boarding, is like surfing in the sea, but in other ways it's very different. It was invented by an adventurer journalist named Zoltan Istvan, while on a trip to Vanuatu Islands in 2002. Volcano surfing is considered as an extreme sport and there are not many practicing it. A volcano surfer's goal is to escape the erupting volcano - without getting hit by flying rocks! Riders hike up the volcano and slide down, sitting or standing, on a thin plywood or metal board. It's fast, fun, and dangerous - the perfect extreme sport.

Land Diving

Most people are familiar with bungee jumping, but did you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old? The original activity, called land diving, is part of a religious ceremony. Aman ties tree vines (藤) to his legs. He then jumps head-first from a high tower. It originated as a rite (仪式) of passage for young men trying to prove their manhood. The idea is to jump from as high as possible, and to land as close to the ground as possible. It is also a harvest ritual. The islanders believe the higher the jumpers dive, the higher the crops will grow. Every spring, island natives (men only) still perform this amazing test of strength.

60. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?

A. Mount Yasur is a light tower on the Pacific Ocean

B. The history of volcano surfing dates back centuries

C. Bungee jumping grew out of land diving

D. Land diving came to Vanuatu from another country.

61. The underlined word captivating is closest in meaning to _______.

A. distressing

B. charming

C. disappointing

D. relieving

62. Which of the following could be the best title of this passage?

A. Untouched Beauty: NANUATU

B. Volcano Adventure: VANUATU

C. Extreme Destination: VANUATU

D. Preserved Culture: VANUATU

(C)

A rich burial was unearthed by archaeologists at La Almoloya, southeastern Spain that is the cradle of the EI Argar civilization, which lived in the region during the Bronze Age.

La Almoloya was a primary center of politics and wealth in the EI Argar territory, and although the discovery was made in 2014, experts are now taking a closer look at the sociological and political context of the unearthed treasure.

The remains of a woman, along with a man who may have been her husband, were discovered in the forested hills of the area. Radiocarbon dating suggests the burial happened around 1700 BC. The pair were found with 30 objects containing precious metals and semi-precious stones, including the silver diadem (王冠), which encircled the skull(颅骨) of the woman.

Experts believe that the man in the grave was probably a warrior, wear and tear on his bone indicate he spent a lot of time on horseback, and his skull had deep scars from a facial injury, while gold plugs through his earlobes indicated he was someone of distinction.

The woman, named the “Princess of La Almoloya", was buried a short time after the man with vast quantities of jewelry: bracelets, earlobe plugs and rings, to name a few. The grave goods of the woman were worth tens of thousands of dollars in today's money “We have two ways of interpreting this," says archaeologist Roberto Risch of the Autonomous University of Barcelona. “Either you say, it's just the wife of the king; or you say, no, she's a political personality by herself."

Risch is a co-author of a study that was recently published about the important findings, that noted the building under which the grave was found was of equal importance - a building specifically dedicated to governing purposes in Western Europe. A wide hall was excavated (挖掘), with high ceilings, a raised platform, and a capacity for more than 50 people to sit on benches that lined the walls. “It's a building where people could be sitting listening to each other, or to someone explaining something," says Risch,“There is no evidence of food and no clear-cut religious artefacts, so it doesn't look like a home or a temple .

The discovery at La Almoloya shed new light on the politics and gender relations in one of the first urban societies of the West. Previous findings have revealed that women were considered adults at a much younger age than boys were. Excavated grave goods have highlighted that girls as young as six were buried with knives and tools, but boys would be in their teens by the time they would be buried alongside such objects.

Additionally, the graves of some women from EI Argar were reopened generations later to bury other men and women, an unsual practice that experts believe would have been a very high honor. “What exactly their political power was, we don't know," Risch adds. “But this burial at La Almoloya questions the role of women in [Bronze Age] politics.. it questions a lot of conventional wisdom."

63. The woman discovered at La Almoloya ______.

A. proved to be a princess during the Bronze Age

B. was buried long after her husband's death

C. lived in an ancient society called EI Argar

D. was holding a silver diadem when unearthed

64. The man in the grave was believed to be a warrior mainly because ______.

A. he had gold plugs through his earlobes

B. he was buried next to the woman

C. he was buried with knives and tools

D. he had injuries and scars on his bones

65. According to Risch, the ancient building seemed to ______.

A. have been used for political meetings

B. have served some religious purposes

C. be the first temple built in Western Europe

D. be specially dedicated to food trading

66. What can be inferred from the discovery at La Almoloya?

A. Women were buried with more riches than men in the Bronze Age.

B. The role of women in Bronze Age politics had been overestimated.

C. Women may have been powerful rulers in the EI Argar civilization.

D. Women were considered adults at a much younger age than boys.

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Quiet Quitting

While not a new concept, the term “quiet quitting" has recently gained popularity on social media.

What is quiet quitting?

Quiet quitting doesn't mean an employee has left their job, but rather has limited their tasks to avoid working longer hours. (67)__________ They stick to what is in their job description and when they go home, they leave work behind them and focus on non-work duties and activities.

(68) __________ It may also mean they are ready to change positions or may be currently looking for another job.

Why are employees quiet quitting?

Quiet quitting may be a popular term, but this practice isn't new. Workers have quietly quit their jobs for years to look for something new, whether it was because of poor pay, unmanageable workload, burnout or lack of growth opportunities.

Working from home has also changed the dynamics of the workplace because employees and managers are communicating in different ways through online meetings. These interactions may feel more formal than the chat sessions that happen in an office. Limited meetings can cause a disconnect between employees and management. (69) ________

How can businesses help employees?

The biggest way to prevent disengagement is to improve the employee experience. Talk to employees, gather their feedback and discuss what can be done to make them feel appreciated. Make sure workloads are realistic and that there are appropriate boundaries to maintain a work-life balance. It's important to check in with employees to make sure these boundaries are clear and help establish an open and honest relationship.

Further, managers should clearly outline paths of career progression to each employee. (70) __________ A recent report revealed that more than half of employees surveyed would accept 10% less pay in exchange for a “more interesting career path or more opportunities to learn new skills".

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Why Don't We Use the Math We Learn in School?

How much of the math you've learned in school is used in everyday life? For the majority of people, the answer is surprisingly little. Clearly, some people learn math very well and apply it in everyday problem-solving settings. The question is why most people don't, in spite of spending many years practicing it.

The first explanation blames the failure of education. One of the major barriers to using a skill in real life is automaticity. We tend to find the least-effort solution to our problem. If struggling through a math problem is hard for you, you'll find a different way to solve it that doesn't rely on math. The familiar model for teaching mathematics revolves around teachers telling students certain rules, applying those rules to examples and students then practicing problems similar to the examples seen in class. By teaching in this way, a lot of the work and deep thought that went into the creation of these mathematical rules is lost. In that sense, people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life.

The second explanation is a little different. It argues that people may develop competence in math classes, but they struggle to translate real-life problems into a format where they can use thein mathematics knowledge. This seems most apparent in the case of applying algebra (代数). Students struggle with algebra, but they particularly struggle with word problems. Yet, the equivalent real-life problems are typically much harder than word problems. From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math, but recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems.

Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve. By using real-life math applications, students can make connections between math and everyday life.

V. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.这位诗人偏爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。(prefer)

2无论经受了怎样的磨难，他也从未丧失对生活的信心。(faith)

3.该自然保护区蕴藏着极为丰富的旅游资源，具有广阔的开发前景。(tremendous)

4.随着智能手机的普及和社交媒体的快速发展，-些人沦为谣言的受害者.甚至在无意间成为谣言的传播者。(fall)

VI. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English compositionin120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

假定你是李华，你在香港读大学的朋友Terry最近想找份兼职，为暑假旅游筹集旅费。他对以下三份工作都有兴趣，难以抉择,因此发邮件征求你的意见。给Terry回复-封邮件， 在邮件中你必须:

1)推荐其中一份兼职；

2)通过比较.说明你推荐该份兼职的理由。

参考答案

I. Listening Comprehension

1- 10 BDDBD CBCAA

11- 13 BCB

14- 16 DBC

17-20 BCBD

II . Grammar and Vocabulary

21. at

22. what.

23. Though / Although / While.

24. Others

25. meaning

26. makes

27. isolated

28. to identify

29. can/could.

30. which

31-40 GDBEK FAIHJ

II. Reading Comprehension

41-45 DACDC

46-50 BBDAD

51-55 ACDDC

56-59 ADDB

60-62 CBC

63-66 CDAC

67-70 BECF

IV. Summary

Most people don't use math in life after learning it for years. One explanation is that we do not learn math well enough to use it effortlessly. The other is that we fail to recognize where and how to apply math to real problems. Educational researchers suggest more training in turning real- life situations into math problems. (56 words)