牛津译林版英语八年级上册8A U7 知识点校对版（可直接打印）
展开8A unit7 seasons！
Comic strip & welcome to the unit
- bring sb sth=bring sth to sb 给某人带来某物
- bet后面常接that从句(that可以省略) ，表示“打赌”之意
- with nothing on 不穿衣服
- Which season do you like best = which is your favourite season? 你最喜欢哪个季节？
- It’s the best time to play football outside. 户外踢足球的最佳时机。
Reading
- be full of=be filled with 充满了...
- forget to do 忘记要去做某事。(未做)
forget doing 忘记做过某事。(已做)
批注：同类用法remember to do/remember doing，记得去做某事/记得做过了某事
【例句】The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作)
- far away 在远处，遥远 eg: Tom lives far away. 汤姆住得很远。
far away from 远离 eg: The bus stop is far away from my school. 公交站离我的学校很远。
当表示具体多远时，则不用far. eg: The bus stop is 10 kilometers away from my school.
- What a perfect time to fly a kite !
感叹句
1) 这些书多么有趣啊！
2) 多么大的雪啊！
3) 这只鸟儿真漂亮啊！
4) 玛丽跑得多么快啊！
- hide from 躲避
- turn red 变红了 turn green 变绿了 turn 作为系动词，后接adj
turn left/right 向左转/向右转 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉
- fall off the bed = fall down from the bed 从床上摔了下来
- a pile of ... 一堆....
- As the days are shorter and the temperature drops. 随着白天变短，气温也下降了。
【解析1】as 用作连词，引导时间状语从句的时候，表示“当……时；随着……”之意，强调前后动作同时发生。
【例句】I watched TV programs as I did my homework. 我一边做作业一边观看电视节目。
As the seasons changed, it became warmer and warmer. 随着季节的变化，天气变得越来越暖和。
【解析2】drop 意为“下降，落下”，既可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词。
【例句】These days, the temperature drops quickly. 这几天气温降得很快。
- describe the weather in spring 描述春天的天气
- Temperature rises quickly. 温度迅速上升。
rise & raise 辨析
1) rise 不及物动词，主语通常是物，常指太阳上升，河水上涨，温度上升，价格上涨, rise-rose-risen
2) rasie, 及物动词， 主语通常是人，raise- raised-raised
- The temperature will drop below zero. 温度会降到零度以下。
13. Farmers are busy harvesting crops. 农民们在忙于收割庄稼。
14. be busy with sth. =be busy doing sth.意为“忙于做某事” 。
Grammar
- Ice cream tastes nice. 感官动词+ adj
- give/hand/lendd/offer/pass/pay/post/sell/send/show/take/teach/tell/write sb sth
= give/hand/lendd/offer/pass/pay/post/sell/send/show/take/teach/tell/write sth to sb
- buy/cook/find/get/leave/make/order/pick/save sb sth
= buy/cook/find/get/leave/make/order/pick/save sth for sb
- see/watch/hear sb do sth 看见/听见 某人做某事(经常做)
see/watch/hear sb doing sth 看见/听见 某人正在做某事
- wake up 叫醒
- kick the ball 踢球
- catch a bad cold 患重感冒
have a high fever 发高烧
cough a lot 咳嗽得厉害
Integrated skills & Study skills
- The wind will be stronger and the temperature will drop below zero，to -10℃， 风将更大， 温度将下降到零度以下，下降到零下 10 度。
用 strong 来描述风大；drop 意为“下降” ，drop to 意为“下降到” 。
- It will be a beautiful, hot day again today, with temperatures in the thirties. 今天又将是一个美丽的、温度是三十几度的热天。
in the thirties 意为“ （温度）三十几度” ；in one's thirties 则意为“在某人三十几岁的时候” 。 如：Tomorrow will be in the twenties. 明天温度将是二十几度。
His father is in his forties.他的父亲四十几岁了。
- “the rest of+名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致，同百分数，分数表达法。
如：The rest of the eggs have gone bad. = The rest eggs have gone bad. 其余的鸡蛋都变质了。
- There will be + n. = there is/ are going to be + n. 将有....
- 我们常用 high 和 low 来描述温度的的高与低。价格的高低也用 high 与 low 来描述。
- How is the weather = what is the weather like? 天气怎么样？
- 电话用语
1) 请人接电话用语
May I speak to ... ? 你好，请某某某接电话好吗？
Is that ... (speaking)？ 是某某某吗？
2）接电话用语
Hello, this is .... (speaking). 你好，我是某某某。
Who is that speaking? 你是谁？
- ring sb.( up)=give sb.a ring/call=call sb.都意为“给某人 打电话” 。
- The sudden rain causes a lot of problems. 突如其来的大雨引起许多麻烦。
- be lucky to do sth 有幸做某事
- be healthy for = be fit for 对...是健康的
keep healthy = stay healthy 保持健康
Task & Self-assessment
- 不定代词考点
1）不定代词作主语，谓语用三单。 例： everyone is here.
2）形容词修饰不定代词，放在不定代词的后面。 例：nothing interesting
- everyone & every one
every one 后面可接of 短语， 而everyone 后面不接of短语。
- be covered with 被覆盖着
- It is exciting to have big snowball fights. 打雪仗是令人激动的事情。
句型： it is adj to do sth 做某事....
5. throw…at sb.意为“用某物砸或扔某人” ，有“袭击”之意；
throw sth. to sb.则意为“把 某物扔给某人” 。
语法
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一： 主＋谓
基本句型二： 主＋系＋表
基本句型三： 主＋谓＋宾
基本句型四： 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾
基本句型五： 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补
基本句型 一: 主＋谓
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词。(后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等)
S | V（不及物动词） |
1. Time 2. The moon | flies. rose. |
3. Everybody | laughed. |
4. I | woke. |
5.They | talked for half an hour. |
6. He | walked yesterday |
7.He | is playing |
8.They | have gone |
基本句型 二: 主＋系＋表
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。
系动词分三类：
Am ;is; are; was were(be 动词)
look, feel, smell, taste, sound(感官动词)
get, grow, become, turn, go（趋势动词）
S | V(系动词) | P（表语） |
1.This | is | an English dictionary |
2. The dinner | smells | good |
3. He | felt | happy |
4. Everything | looks | different |
5. The weather | became | warmer |
6. His face | turned | red |
基本句型 三: 主＋谓＋宾
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
S | V（及物动词） | O（宾语） |
1.Who | knows | the answer? |
2.She | laughs at | her. |
3.Danny | likes | swimming. |
4. I | want | to have a cup of tea. |
5.He | said | "Good morning." |
基本句型 四: 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾
此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。
S | V | IO（间接宾语） | DO（直接宾语） |
1.Miss Chen | teaches | us | English. |
2.My aunt | sent | me | a postcard. |
3.My dad | bought | my brother | a dictionary. |
4.I | brought | him | his coat. |
基本句型 五: 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补
S | V | DO（直接宾语） | OC（宾语补足语） |
1.We | keep | the table | clean. |
2.They | painted | the door | green. |
3.They | call | supper | dinner. |
4.They | found | the house | dirty. |
5.What | makes | him | sad. |
6.We | saw | him | out. |
7.He | asked | me | to come back soon. |
8.I | saw | them | getting on the bus. |
