专题6.状语从句 -九年级英语寒假精讲精练（仁爱版）

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状语从句

　状语从句由从属连词引导,与主句连接,位于句首时,常用逗号与主句分开,位于句末时,其前一般不用逗号。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句等。
类别
引导词
例句
时间状语从句
when/while/as当……时;before在……之前;after在……之后;since自……以来;until/till直到……为止;as soon as一……就……
When I was doing my homework,my mother came in.
当我正在写作业的时候,我妈妈进来了。
He did not go to bed until his father came back.
直到爸爸回来他才去睡觉。
条件状语从句
if如果;as long as只要;unless除非
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow,I will go to the park.
如果明天不下雨,我将会去公园。
Unless bad weather stops me,I go for a walk every day.
我每天都会去散步,除非遇上坏天气。
原因状语从句
because因为;since既然;as由于
I like to eat apples because they are good for my health.
我喜欢吃苹果,因为它们对我的健康有益。
目的状语从句
so that以便,为了;in order that为了
He gets up early every morning so that he can catch the bus.
他每天早上起得很早,以便能赶上公交车。
结果状语从句
so that结果是;so...that/such...that如此……以至于
It’s so hot outside that nobody wants to go out.
外面太热以至于没人想出去。
让步状语从句
though/although尽管,虽然;even if/though即使;whatever无论什么;wherever无论哪里;whenever无论何时
Wherever you go,I will go with you.无论你去哪里,我都跟着你。
Whenever you come,I will wait for you.
无论你什么时候来,我都会等你。
比较状语从句
than比;as...as...和……一样;not as/so...as不如
He is as clever as Tom.他和汤姆一样聪明。
地点状语从句
where……的地方;wherever无论哪里
Sit wherever you like.随便坐。

1.时间状语从句
(1)when的用法
①when意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。如:
I feel very happy when you come to see me.
你们来看我时,我感到很高兴。
When you are crossing the street,you must be careful.
你(们)过马路时,一定要小心。
②when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以用延续性动词,也可以用终止性动词。如:
I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai.
当我在上海时,我在一家外企工作。
(2)while的用法
while引导时间状语从句时意为“与……同时,在……期间”。while引导的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。 如:
They rushed in while we were discussing problems.
当我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来。
(3)as的用法
as引导时间状语从句时可以表达“当……时,一边……一边,随着”等意思。如:
Helen heard the story as she washed clothes.
海伦在洗衣服时听到的那个故事。
We get wiser as we get older.
我们随着年龄的增长而变得更聪明。
　　注意:when,while,as的区别:
易混词
用法
例句
when
可表示瞬间,也可指一段时间。主句和从句中的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生
When I came home,my mother was cooking dinner.当我回家时,我妈妈正在做晚饭。
I’ll go home when I have finished my homework.我做完作业后就会回家。
while
表示一段时间或一个过程,只和延续性动词连用,强调主句的动词和从句的动词表示的动作或状态是同时发生的,常对同类的两个动作进行对比
Please write while I read.我读的时候,请跟着写。
as
可与while互换,但as着重指主从句的动作同时发生,而不是一前一后,意为“一边……一边……”
They talked as they walked.他们边走边谈。

　　(4)before与after的用法
before表示“在……之前”,after表示“在……之后”。如:
I will always work hard before I enter Peking University.
在我考上北京大学之前我将一直努力学习。
She showed me many beautiful stamps after I got to her home.我到达她家以后,她让我看了好多漂亮的邮票。
(5)until/till的用法
till/until都表示“直到”,常可换用,但till不用于句首。not...until...表示“直到……才……”。如:
You may stay here until the rain stops.你可以在这里一直待到雨停。
He didn’t go to bed until he had finished his work.他直到完成工作才上床睡觉。
(6)since的用法
since引导的时间状语从句表示“自……以来”,主句用一般现在时、现在完成时或过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。如:
I have worked in this company since I graduated from Peking University.我从北京大学毕业后,一直在这家公司上班。
(7)as soon as的用法
as soon as引导的从句表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即发生,意为“一……就……”。该从句经常用一般现在时表示将来。如:
As soon as he arrives,I’ll tell him.他一到,我就告诉他。
2.条件状语从句
(1)if的用法
含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:
I’ll visit the Great Wall if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
如果明天不下雨,我将去游览长城。
注意:if有两个意思,作“是否”讲时,引导宾语从句,意思同whether一样,从句的时态由事实决定;作“假如,如果”讲时,引导条件状语从句,此时若主句为将来时或祈使句,从句用一般现在时表将来。
He couldn’t tell if she was laughing or crying.
他弄不清她是在笑还是在哭。
We don’t know if it will rain tomorrow.
我们不知道明天是否会下雨。
If it rains tomorrow,we won’t have a sports meet.
明天如果下雨,我们就不开运动会了。
I don’t know if we can visit the museum if it snows tomorrow.
第一个if引导的是宾语从句,第二个if引导条件状语从句,译为“如果明天下雪,我不知道我们是否还能去参观博物馆。”
(2)unless的用法
unless意为“除非,如果不”,相当于“if...not...”。如:
Unless it rains,the game will be played.除非下雨,否则比赛将照常进行。
Unless you go at once,you will be late.如果你不马上走,就会迟到的。
(3)as long as的用法
as long as意为“只要”。如:
As long as we show our love,the world will be full of happiness.只要我们表现出我们的爱,世界将会充满幸福。
3.原因状语从句
(1)because的用法
表因果关系的语气最强,用来回答why的问句,所引出的原因往往是听话人所不知道或最感兴趣的,because引导的原因状语从句往往比主句显得更重要。如:
I’m leaving because I am fed up with the boss.
我要离开是因为我讨厌老板。
My friends admire me because I am handsome and successful.
因为我帅气并且成功,所以我的朋友们羡慕我。
注意:because(因为)和so(所以)不能同时出现在一个句子里,两者只能用其一。
Because he was tired, he couldn’t walk there.=He was tired, so he couldn’t walk there.
因为他累了,所以他不能步行到那儿。
(2)since的用法
引出的原因往往是人们已知的事实,意为“既然”,通常放在句首。在复合句中since引导的从句是次要的,重点是主句的内容。如:
Since Monday is Bob’s birthday,let’s give him a party.
既然星期一是鲍勃的生日,咱们给他办一个聚会吧。
(3)as的用法
as与since用法差不多,所引出的理由在说话人看来已经很明显,或已为听话人所熟悉而不需要用because加以强调。as引导的原因状语从句与主句具有同等的重要性。如:
She didn’t hear us come in as she was asleep.她睡着了,没听见我们进来。
(4)now(that)的用法
now(that)主要用于口语,主、从句因果关系不明显,意为“既然”。如:
Now(that)you have come,you may as well stay.
既然你已经来了,就留下来吧。
注意:because, for, since, as的区别:
易混词
用法
例句
because
表示原因,强调直接原因和因果关系,它所引导的从句通常放在主句之后。常用来回答“why”引导的疑问句
—Why didn’t you go to the cinema?你为什么没有去看电影?
—Because my mother was ill,and I had to stay at home and look after her.因为我妈妈病了,我得在家照顾她。
for
并列连词,表示间接的原因和理由,或对前一分句中事实的解释,for连接的分句不放在句首
Miss Gao can’t be in the office,for the door is locked.高小姐不可能在办公室,因为门是锁着的。
since
表示原因时语气比because弱,但比as强。它一般不表示根本或直接原因,而是一种已知的、显然的理由,意为“既然”,常放在句首
Since everybody is here,let’s begin our meeting.既然大家都在这儿,咱们开始开会吧。
as
表示原因时意义最弱,它所阐述的原因只是附带说明。多置于句首,只说明一般的因果关系,意为“鉴于”
As you were out,I left a message.你不在,所以我留下了口信儿。

　　4.目的状语从句
(1)引导目的状语从句的词或词组有lest,so that,in order that 等,从句的谓语中常含有may,might,can,could,will,would 等情态动词。如:
He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.他必须早点起床,以便能按时上班。
(2)当从句主语与主句主语一致时,可用so as to,in order to对从句进行省略。如:
He worked day and night in order that he could succeed.
=He worked day and night in order to succeed.
他夜以继日地工作为的是取得成功。
5.结果状语从句
(1)由so...that, such...that 引导
用法
例句
so+形容词或副词+that
He was so hard-working that he passed the exam.他如此勤劳,以至于通过了考试。
such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that
He was such a hard-working boy that he passed the exam.他是如此勤劳的一个男孩,以至于通过了考试。
such+形容词+复数名词+that
Here are such interesting books that we can enjoy ourselves.这儿有如此有趣的书,以至于我们能玩得开心。
such+形容词+不可数名词+that
There is such delicious bread that I can’t help eating. 那儿有如此美味的面包,以至于我忍不住吃。
so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that
He was so hard-working a boy that he passed the exam.他是如此勤劳的一个男孩,以至于通过了考试。

　　当名词前面有many、much、little、few修饰时,用so而不用such。如:
She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.
=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much.
她是一个这么可爱的女孩,以至于我们都很喜欢她。
We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.
我们有如此多的时间,以至于我们能很好地完成工作。
(2)so...that句型的否定形式可用too...to...或not...enough to 构成的简单句代替。如:
He is so young that he can’t go to school.
=He is too young to go to school.
=He is not old enough to go to school.
他太小了不能去上学。
6.让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有though/although(虽然),even though/if(尽管),whoever/no matter who(无论谁),however/no matter how(无论怎样),whatever/no matter what(无论什么)。
(1)though与although的用法
although和though意义一样,都作“虽然,尽管”解,都表示让步,一般情况下可互换使用,只是although语气较重,大多置于句首。两个词可以与yet连用,但不与but连用。如:
They are generous though they are poor.虽然他们很穷,但他们很慷慨。
Although he was Japanese,he spent most of his life in China.尽管他是日本人,但他大多数时间是在中国度过的。
(2)even though与even if的用法
even though与even if都是“尽管,即使”的意思,表示语气更强的让步。如:
Even though he’s 24 now,he’s still like a little child.尽管他现在24岁了,但他仍然像个小孩子。
We’ll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad.即使天气不好,我们也要去旅行。
(3)wh-ever类引导词的用法
在英语中wh-ever既可引导名词性从句,还可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时常可换成“no matter+相应的wh-疑问词”,在引导名词性从句时只能用wh-ever。如:
Whenever I’m unhappy,it is my friend who cheers me up.
=No matter when I’m unhappy,it is my friend who cheers me up.
不管什么时候我不高兴,总是我的朋友使我振作起来。
7.比较状语从句
(1)than的用法
She made fewer mistakes than you did.她比你犯的错误少。
They work harder than we do.他们比我们工作更加努力。
The shirt is more expensive than they think.这件衬衫比他们想象的贵。
(2)as...as和not as/so...as的用法
He knows as much about America as we do.他和我们一样了解美国。
The task is not so easy as it sounds.这项任务不如听起来简单。
注:由于此类从句中有些成分经常要避免和主句的表达发生重复,所以常有省略,看起来结构不太完整。
8.地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要的有where, wherever。
Put the medicine where children can’t reach it.
把药放在孩子们拿不到的地方。
There were lots of parks where I lived.
我住的地方有许多公园。
题组训练
一、将下列句子改为同义句
1.Mr.Jiang bought a robot so as to have more free time.
Mr.Jiang bought a robot 　so that he could　 have more free time. 
2.The match was so exciting that the audience clapped.
It was 　such an exciting match　 that the audience clapped. 
3.You will be late for school if you don’t hurry.
You will be late for school　unless　you hurry. 
4.It is thirty years since Mr.Green left his hometown.
Mr.Green 　has been away from　 his hometown for thirty years. 
5.Cycling is not as interesting as diving.
Cycling is 　less　 interesting　than　diving. 

随堂练习
一
1. Spud Webb remained in another basketball league for a year ________the NBA took notice of him.
A. when B. before C. since D. after
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在NBA注意到他之前，斯巴德·韦伯在另一个篮球联盟打了一年球。
考查连词词义辨析。when当……时候；before在……之前；since自从；after在……之后。根据句意表示斯巴德·韦伯在NBA注意到他之前，他在另一个篮球联盟待了一年。故选B。
2. The story is interesting everybody likes it very much.
A. very; that B. so; that C. such; that D. such; because
【答案】B
【解析】句意:那个故事是如此有趣以至于每个人非常喜欢它。So+形容词或副词+that从句，表示如此……以至于……；such+a/an+形容词+that从句，表示如此一个……以至于……。Interesting是形容词，这里用so。根据题意，故选B。
3. Nobody knows if he ____，If he ____here, I’ll call you at once.
A. will come; will arrive B. will comes; arrives
C. comes; will arrive. D. comes, arrives.
【答案】B
【解析】考查if句和条件状语从句。句意：没有人知道他是否回来，如果他来了，我就立即叫你。If第一句是表将来是否回来，第二句If假设条件状语从句主将从现，故选B。
4. Your spoken English will certainl y improve ______ you practise it every day.
A. though B. before C. if D. until
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：如果你每天练习的话，你的英语口语一定会改进的。A. though虽然；B. before之前；C. if 如果；D. until直到。根据语境，故选C。
5. She read the text loudly   all the students could hear her.
A. because B. since C. when D. so that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：她大声朗读课文，以便所有的学生都能听见。考查连词辨析。A. because因为，表原因；B. since自……以来；因为；C. when当……时候；D. so that以便，表目的。分析句意可知，她大声读书的目的是让所有的同学都能听见，故选D。
6. I advise you to go to an English corner________ you can improve your listening and speaking.
A. so that B. even though C. whether D. as soon as
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我建议你去英语角，这样你可以提高你的听说能力。考查连词。so that以便；even though尽管；whether是否；as soon as一……就……。句子“you can improve your listening and speaking.”是“go to an English corner”的目的，因此用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。
7. I are not going out________ you have finished your homework.
A. that B. but C. so D. until
【答案】D
【解析】句意：直到你完成家庭作业我才出去。考查连词。that用做连词，可以引导一些从句；but但是；so因此；until直到……为止。根据句意和空前否定词not构成not…until…“直到……才……”，故选D。
8. —I am really proud of my group________ we’re always discussing and sharing study secrets together.
—How important the group work is!
A. until B. as if C. because D. though
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我真的为我的小组感到骄傲，因为我们总是在一起讨论和分享学习的秘密。——小组合作是多么重要啊!本题考查状语从句。until直到，as if好像，because因为，though尽管。结合句意，我为的小组感到骄傲，是因为我们小组总是在一起讨论和分享学习秘密，故选C。
9. Remember to keep in touch with your teachers and classmates ________ graduation.
A. when B. before C. during D. after
【答案】D
【解析】句意：毕业后记得与老师和同学保持联系。考查介词辨析。when当……时候，连词；before在……之前，介词或连词；during在……期间，介词；after在……以后，介词或连词，根据空后名词graduation“毕业”，可知空处用介词，句意为“毕业后记得与老师和同学保持联系。”，所以用介词after，故选D。
10. — How soon shall we leave the airport?—We won't leave ________ we make sure that everything is OK.
A. because B. until
C. as soon as D. if
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我们多久离开机场？——在确认一切正常之前我们不会离开。考查从属连词辨析。because因为；until直到；as soon as一……就；if如果，根据前后句的句意，可知“直到一切正常，我们才会离开。”所以用not… until…“直到……才……”引导时间状语从句，故选B。
11. —________ you know little about this art form, you can read a book to learn more.
— OK, I will.
A．Since B．But C．Before D．However
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——既然你对这种艺术形式知之甚少，你可以通过读书来了解更多。——好的，我会的。
考查连词。Since因为，既然；But但是；Before之前；However但是；根据“you know little about this art form”可知你对这种艺术形式知之甚少，可推测出此处是“既然”，故选A。
二
1.The Chinese doctors went to Italy to help the patients________they knew it was dangerous.
A. because B. if C. though D. as soon as
【答案】C
【解析】句意：尽管中国医生知道这样做很危险，他们还是去了意大利帮助病人。考查从属连词辨析。because因为，引导原因状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；though虽然、尽管、即使，引导让步状语从句；as soon as一……就……，引导时间状语从句。根据语境“中国医生去意大利帮助病人，___他们知道这很危险．”可知，前后句之间存在一种相反的让步关系，所以though符合句意，故答案选C。
2. —Tim, our foreign teacher Ms. Green will go back to England next week.
—Really? Let's have a party to say goodbye to her ________ she is free this weekend.
A. unless B. if C. though
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——蒂姆，我们的外教老师格林小姐下周要回英国了。——真的吗? 如果她这个周末有空的话，让我们举行一个聚会来向她告别吧。考查从属连词的辨析。unless除非；if如果；though虽然。根据句意可知，“she is free this weekend”是“have a party to say goodbye to her”的假设条件，这里是if引导的条件状语从句，故选B。
3. Check what you have written _______ you hand in your application form.
A. since B. before C. after D. while
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在递交申请表之前，先检查你所写的。查从属连词辨析。since自从；before在……之前；after在……之后；while当……时候，根据句意，可知应在递交申请表之前，先检查下你所填写的，所以用before，故选B。
4.—I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do?
—Be more active in class, ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A. so that B. unless C. or D. although
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我觉得我是班上最害羞的。我该怎么办？——在课堂上更加活跃，以便你就可以提高你表达自己的能力。考查so that引导的目的状语从句。so that以便，引导目的状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；or或者，表并列；although尽管，引导让步状语从句。分析句子可知，此处表示“在课堂上更加活跃，以便你就可以提高你表达自己的能力”，强调目的，故选A。
5.Little Mary says good night to her parents________ she goes to bed every day.
A. if B. until C. before D. unless
【答案】C
【解析】句意：小玛丽每天睡觉前都会跟父母说晚安。if如果；until直到……；before在……之前；unless除非。根据句中“says good night to her parents”和“she goes to bed”可知，此处是“睡觉之前向父母说晚安”。故选C。
6.Max got lost and was trapped in the forest for 10 hours _______ a farmer nearby found him.
A. if B. since C. until D. after
【答案】C
【解析】句意：马克斯迷路了，在森林里被困了10个小时，直到附近的一个农民发现了他。
考查连词辨析。if如果；since自……以来；until直到……；after在……之后。根据句中“a farmer nearby found him”可知，此处使用until，表示“马克斯在森林里被困了10个小时，直到附近的一个农民发现了他”。故选C。
7. You’d better tidy up your room ________ your father comes back.
A．so B．or C．before D．but
【答案】C
【解析】句意：你最好在你父亲回来之前清理你房间。考查连词。so因此；or否则；before在……之前；but但是。“your father comes back”是时间状语，此处用before引导时间状语从句表示“在你父亲回来之前”。故选C。
8. Our school basketball team will win the next match _________ they practise more.
A. if B. before C. though D. while
【答案】A
【解析】句意：如果我们学校的篮球队练习更多的话，他们将赢得下一次比赛。考查连词。if如果；before在……之前；though尽管；while当……时候。此处是条件状语，用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故选A。
9.Father is too tired today. Don’t call him ________ it is necessary.
A. if B. unless C. when D. whether
【答案】B
【解析】句意：爸爸今天太累了。除非有必要，否则不要给他打电话。考查连词。A. if如果；B. unless除非；C. when什么时候；D. whether是否。根据上文Father is too tired today可知，父亲太累了，所以除非很有必要，否则不要给他打电话。B选项符合句意，故选B。
10.I think the coffee beans are from Brazil, ________ I’m not completely sure.
A. because B. since C. though D. whether
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我想咖啡豆是巴西产的，不过我不太确定。考查连词。A. because因为；B. since因为、由于；C. though即使、不过；D. whether是否。根据句意可知，我想咖啡豆是巴西产的，不过我不太确定。C选项符合句意，故选C。
一
The United States covers a large part of the North 1 continent (洲), when this land first became a nation. After 2 its freedom (自由) from England, it has 13 states. Each of the states had a star on the American flag (旗子). As the nation 3 , new states were formed and there 4 new stars on the flag. 5 a long time, there were forty-eight states. In 1959 two 6 stars were added (加) to the flag, standing for (代表) the new states of Alaska and Hawaii.
7 were the first people of the land and great number of people came from England. It is 8 that reason that the language of the U.S. is English and 9 its culture and customs (文化习惯) are more 10 those of England than any other country in the world.
1. A. America B. America's C. American D. Americans
2. A. win B. won C. winning D. have won
3. A. grew B. grows C. growing D. have grown
4. A. are B. were C. have been D. had been
5. A. In B. From C. For D. Through
6. A. another B. many C. other D. more
7. A. India B. Indian C. Indias D. Indians
8. A. on B. for C. because D. because of
9. A. that B. why C. many D. all
10. A. as B. like C. same D. as if
1. 【答案】C。
【解析】此处American，又称亚美尼亚洲。
2. 【答案】C。
【解析】介词后面跟动名词。
3. 【答案】A。
【解析】用过去时和后面时态一致。
4. 【答案】B。
【解析】与前面分句并列，故用过去时。
5. 【答案】C。
【解析】引导一段时间用for。
6. 【答案】D。
【解析】more用在数词和名词中间表示“又、再”。
7. 【答案】D。
【解析】这里指印第安人。
8. 【答案】B。
【解析】这是强调句。for that reason意思是“由于这个原因”。
9. 【答案】A。
【解析】与前面的that并列，不可省略。
10. 【答案】B。
【解析】be more like意思为“更像……一样。
二
Miss Richards was a teacher at a school for boys and girls. She 1 chemistry and physics from the lowest to the highest classes in the 2 . Sometimes the new classes 3 rapidly, but sometimes they were very 4 , and then Miss Richards had to 5 things many times.
One year, the first class had been studying chemistry for several __6_ when Miss Richards suddenly asked, "What is water? Who knows? 7 up?"
There was silence (沉默) for a few seconds, and Miss Richards felt sad (难过), but then one boy 8 his hand.
"Yes, Dick?" said Miss Richards encouragingly (鼓励地). He was not one of the brightest children in the class, so she was 9 that he could answer.
"Water is a liquid which has no 10 until you wash your hands in it, Miss. Then it turns black," the boy replied with great confidence (信心).
1. A. teaches B. teaching C. taught D. teach
2. A. schooling B. school C. schools D. home
3. A. learned B. learning
C. had been learned D. were learned
4. A. slow B. being slow C. slowly D. slowest
5. A. repeated B. repeating C. do D. repeat
6. A. years B. minutes C. weeks D. seconds
7. A. Put B. Hands C. Get D. Look
8. A. lows B. ride C. raised D. put
9. A. sad B. glad C. angry D. hungry
10. A. colour B. colourful C. colourless D. with colour
1. 【答案】C。
【解析】与首句一致，用一般过去时。
2. 【答案】B。
【解析】教物理和化学，当然在学校。
3. 【答案】A。
【解析】接受知识快可用learn rapidly来表达。
4. 【答案】A。
【解析】slow指接受知识慢。
5. 【答案】D。
【解析】had to 后面跟动词原形。
6. 【答案】 C。
【解析】从时间长度来看用weeks。
7. 【答案】B。
【解析】hands up 意思是“举手”。
8. 【答案】 C。
【解析】raise one’s hand= put up one’s hand。
9. 【答案】B。
【解析】有前句推知，应用glad。
10. 【答案】A。
【解析】用名词作宾语，故选colour。