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- 【高考二轮题型复习】2023年高考英语题型精讲精练学案（新高考）——专题20 语法填空之无提示词（原卷版+解析版） 学案 3 次下载
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【高考二轮题型复习】2023年高考英语题型精讲精练学案（新高考）——专题19 语法填空之有提示词（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份【高考二轮题型复习】2023年高考英语题型精讲精练学案（新高考）——专题19 语法填空之有提示词（原卷版+解析版），文件包含专题19语法填空之有提示词解析版docx、专题19语法填空之有提示词原卷版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共107页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题19 语法填空之有提示词（原卷版）
在一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。
语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。
有提示词的空处一般考查的是动、名、形、副。
一、有提示词解法思维导图
(一)高频考点之一：提示词为动词
1．考查谓语动词
解题
攻略
若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；此时，应先考虑时态，考生可以根据句中的时间状语或语篇提示确定时态，然后考虑语态，最后需考虑主谓一致和语气问题，来确定谓语动词的数。
举例1
While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ____ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
分析：分析句子结构可知，前半句是由while引导的让步状语从句，后半句是主句，主句中含有一个宾语从句，即it ...or swimming作says的宾语。又因此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时，再根据主谓一致原则可知，应填is。
举例2
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country __ __ (grow) more corn than rice.
分析：分析句子成分可知，空格所在的句子中缺少谓语动词。根据时间状语Since 2011可知，谓语动词需用现在完成时，根据句意可知应用主动语态，再根据主谓一致原则可知填has grown。
举例3
The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government ____ (start) a soiltesting program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
分析：分析句子结构可知，when the government ____ (start) a soiltesting program为关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词为2005。通过分析定语从句可知从句中缺少谓语动词，再根据时间状语between 2005可知应填一般过去时，根据句意可知需用主动语态，故填started。
2． 考查非谓语动词
解题
攻略
若句中已有谓语动词，空处又不在句中作并列谓语时，所要填的通常是非谓语动词，此时需进一步确定是非谓语动词的哪种形式。一般来说，作主语、宾语、表语、定语通常用动名词形式；此外，doing表示主动、正在进行；done表示被动、完成；to do表示尚未发生的动作。
举例4
You don't have to run fast or for long __ __ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ____ (die) early by running.
分析：第一句中已有谓语动词don't have to run，故空格处应为非谓语动词。根据句意可知应填不定式to see，作目的状语。第二句中已有谓语动词reduce，故空格处应为非谓语动词。又因空格前有介词of，结合句意可知，应填dying，作介词of的宾语。
举例5
Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ____ (improve) water quality.
分析：句中已有谓语动词encourages，故空格处应为非谓语动词。根据句意可知应填不定式to improve，作目的状语。
举例6
China's approach to protecting its environment while ___ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
分析：分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词offers，再根据空格前有从属连词while可知，“while ____ (feed) its citizens”为时间状语从句的省略结构，所填的词与其逻辑主语China之间为主动关系，故应填现在分词feeding。
举例7
But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter ____(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
分析：when引导的从句中已经有谓语动词was，且从句中无其他连词，故空处应填非谓语动词。reporter与permit之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表被动。过去分词短语permitted to ...作后置定语，修饰reporter。故填permitted。
3．考查派生词
解题
攻略
有时所给提示词虽然是动词，但是空格处既不是考查谓语动词也不是考查非谓语动词，而是要求填所给词的派生词。此时要结合空格处前后的修饰词来确定所给提示词应派生为哪种词性。一般考查动词派生为名词，有时还需考虑动词变为形容词甚至副词。
举例8
This switch has decreased __66__ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
分析：分析句子成分可知空格前面有谓语动词has decreased，其后缺少宾语，故填名词pollution。
举例9
This development was only possible with the ___ (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts.
分析：由前面的定冠词the可知，其后应接名词，故填introduction。
(二)高频考点之二：提示词为名词
解题
攻略
所给提示词为名词时，通常考查可数名词的单数变复数，或名词派生为形容词、动词等。
举例10
Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___ (cause)．
分析：分析句子成分可知，from all ___ (cause)为介词短语作后置定语，空处位于介词之后作宾语，又因空格前面有all，所以填其复数形式causes。
举例11
To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ____ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.
分析：分析句子成分可知，空格前面有谓语动词do，再根据句意可知，此处应填动词形式，与空前的不定式符号to构成不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。故填strengthen。
举例12
The Central London Railway was one of the most ____ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.
分析：根据语境并结合空前的the most可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。
(三)高频考点之三：提示词为形容词或副词
解题
攻略
当提示词为形容词或副词时，需考虑是否是考查比较级或形容词和副词之间的相互转换。当提示词为形容词时，还要考虑是否需要转换为名词形式。
举例13
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ____ (long) than nonrunners.
分析：根据空格后面的than可知，此处考查比较级形式，故填longer。
举例14
A taste for meat is __63__ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
分析：分析句子成分可知，空处在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词is应用副词。故填actually。
(四)低频考点：提示词为代词
解题
攻略
所给提示词是代词时，一般考查人称代词变为物主代词。有时需考虑人称代词单数变为复数、主格变为宾格、人称代词变为反身代词等。
举例15
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ___ (they) alive.
分析：因空处作动词find的宾语，故应填人称代词的宾格形式，即them。
举例16
On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by __68__ (it) mother.
分析：mother是名词，所填词作定语修饰mother，故填其形容词性物主代词its。
二、高考真题分项演练
一、2022年高考真题
1. 【2022新高考I卷】
The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and __________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
2. 【2022全国乙卷】
“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the __largest_ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
3. 【2022全国乙卷】
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony opening _____ _____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
4. 【2022新高考I卷】
__________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
5. 【2022新高考I卷】
The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
6. 【2022全国甲卷】
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
7. 【2022全国甲卷】
Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
8. 【2022全国甲卷】
He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
9. 【2022全国乙卷】
__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
10. 【2022年新高考2卷】
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child.
11. 【2022年新高考2卷】
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them.
12. 【2022新高考I卷】
The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)previously unprotected,
13. 【2022新高考I卷】
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
14. 【2022年浙江卷1月】
But Cobb and others ________ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ________（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
15. 【2022全国甲卷】
Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___________ (meaning).
16. 【2022全国甲卷】
...and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s _________ (high) mountain.
17. 【2022全国乙卷】
“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the _________ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
18. 【2022年浙江卷1月】
On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
19. 【2022新高考二卷】
On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV.
20. 【2022新高考二卷】
When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
21. 【2022.6全国甲卷 改错】
The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it.
22. 【2022.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
___68___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,
23. 【2022年新高考2卷】
He saved my son's life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ”
二、2021年高考真题
24. 【2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空】
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 6 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
25. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 10 (sell) most of their furniture.
26. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
It 1 (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）.
27. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
We 6 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.
28. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 1 (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the publie.
29. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
Mary's niece wrote, pretty, "The little home 5 (paint) white.
30. 【2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空】
It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 4 (consider) healthy.
31. 【2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空】
In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.
32. 【2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空】
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3 (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
33. 【2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空】
But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5 (astonish).
34. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10 (day) routines.
35. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
36. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
Provide 8 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
37. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
When the house was built, it was much 4 (small) than it is today.
38. 【2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空】
But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp).
39. 【2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空】
This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including 10 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
40. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1 (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.
41. 【2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空】
The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 2 (human) are.
42. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9 (watchtower) to take pictures...
43. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】.
9 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.
44. 【2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空】
It is calculated by dividing a 3 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 4 (consider) healthy.
45. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
In 1844 they bought it for＄ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 3 (marry) ceremony in 1842.
46. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2 (develop) of the local areas.
47. 【2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空】
Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8 (ache) legs.
48. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
It is possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
49. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
After 4 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
50. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
Minimize the impact of 7 (visit) the place.
51. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
Activitithere range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim 10 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
二、高考真题综合演练
一、2022年高考真题
1． 【2022年新高考2卷】
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
He saved my ___44___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
2． 【2022年全国乙卷】
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___61___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___62___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___63___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___66___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
___68___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___69___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony opening _____70_____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
3． 【2022年北京卷】
A
Helen was walking down the street late 11 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 12 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 13 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
B
Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 14 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 15 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 16 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
C
Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 17 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 18 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 19 (bad). The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
4． 【2022年1月浙江卷】
Kim Cobb,a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta ,is one of a small but growing minority of academics 56 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change ,Travelling to conferences ,lectures ,workshops,and the like-frequently by plane 57 (view)as important for scientists to get together and exchange information .But Cobb and others 58 (be)now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely and 59 (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis . On a website called No Fly Climate Sci. For example. 60 (rough) 200 academics- many of them climate scientists 61 (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
Cobb ,for her part ,started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 62 she could do so remotely ,about three quarters of 63 time,they agreed ,When the answer was no,she declined the 64 (invite) .That approach brought Cobb’s air travel last year down by 75%,and she plans 65 (continue) the practice .“It has been fairly rewarding.” she says .”a really positive change”
二、2021年高考真题
5． 【2021.6北京卷A篇】
Why do we dream? Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse 1 (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything 2 happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 3 (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
6． 【2021.6北京卷B篇】
Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主）, and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 1 a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about 2 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 3 (safe) wait for the police to take her home.
7． 【2021.6北京卷C篇】
There 1 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 2 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 3 (result) in USD2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 4 (invest) in disaster prevention.
8． 【2021.6新高考2卷】
I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food.
I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____42____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
9． 【2021.6全国乙卷】
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact （影响）travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1 (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2 (develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 3 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to 5 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 6 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
●Minimize the impact of 7 (visit) the place.
●Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
●Provide 8 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
●Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 9 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim 10 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
10． 【2021.1浙江卷】
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index（体重指数）across 200 countries the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 1 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMT in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 2 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 3 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 4 (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 5 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.
The researchers described "striking changes" in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 7 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 9 (live) in the countryside, including 10 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
三、2020年高考真题
11． 【2020全国3卷】
In ancient China lived an artist 1 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait（画像） done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2 （fine）work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 3 （choose）, but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 4 （curious）, the artist packed his bags and left. 5 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary（传奇的） artist, they smiled and 6 （point）down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7 （find）the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 8 （gentle）along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9 （surround）the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled（谦卑） by the greatest artist 10 earth, Mother Nature.
12． 【2020北京卷】
A篇
Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food 1 （play） a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try, " he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're 2 （luck） enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 3 you can join in when it's possible.
B篇
Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they 1 （throw） away. It takes them hundreds of years 2 （break） down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 3 countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of 4 （country） and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.
C篇
A piece of stone 1 （find）on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 2 （live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were 3 （smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.
13． 【2020.7上海卷】
One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15, 000 years 1 it was first invented. Of course, these days, the bow and arrow 2 (use) mainly in sporting events, but in some places it is still a means of killing animals for food.
In western Asia, another extremely important invention was born—the ability to produce pots. As long as 6500 years ago, people were producing pottery, mostly plain and without designs, but the technique has changed little since.
Some people say that the wheel is the single most important invention. Early examples from about 5000 years ago have been found in the forests of Europe. Around 1500 years later, the Phoenicians used sand, limestone and sodium carbonate to produce 3 else we would be lost without—glass.
How many things do you lock with a key every day? Doors, cupboards? The car? We really don't think much about them, 4 we? Well, the first example of a lock and key dates back to 2750 years ago, in Assyria. This is a lock on a large wooden door in the palace of SargonⅡ.
Another amazing invention, probably 5 (take) by us for granted these days, is the skill of knitting which first appeared in the Roman Empire, some 1700 years ago. The 6 (early) examples are knitted socks!
Eye glasses developed from just one lens in a frame, like a simple magnifying glass, way back in the 13th century. In about 1290, the idea to put two lenses in a frame to sit on the nose was developed in Florence. And, believe it or not, the modern contact lens is 120 years old!
Time flies and we spend a lot of time 7 (check) how much time we have left! This would be impossible 8 clocks and watches, 9 are all around us: On walls. On our wrists, on our PCs, and even on our mobiles and iPod's. The first pocket watch was invented by Thomas Tompion (1639—1714) in England 330 years ago, and his watch-face design, with two (and sometimes three) hands moving around a single dial, 10 (remain) largely unchanged in all that time.
14． 【2020.1上海卷】
The Ball Game of Mesoamerica
The sport known simply as the Ball Game was popular across Mesoamerica and played by all the major civilizations from the Olmecs to the Aztecs. The impressive stone courts became a staple feature of a city's sacred complex and there were often several playing courts in a single city. 1 it is more than just a game, the event could have a religious significance and featured in episodes of Mesoamerican mythology. The contests even supplied candidates for human sacrifice, for the sport could, quite literally, be a game of life or death.
The game 2 (invent) sometime in the Preclassical Period (2500—100 BCE), probably by the Olmec, and became a common Mesoamerican-wide feature of the urban landscape by the Classical Period (300—900 CE). Eventually, the game was even exported to other cultures in North America and the Caribbean.
In Mesoamerican mythology the game is an important element in the story of the Maya gods Hun Hunahpú and Vucub Hunahpú. The pair annoyed the gods of the underworld with their noisy playing and the two brothers were tricked into descending into Xibalba (the underworld) 3 they were challenged to a ball game. 4 (lose) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of 5 would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game.
In 6 legend, a famous ball game was held at the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan 7 the Aztec king Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin (r. 1502—1520 CE) and the king of Texcoco. The latter 8 (predict) that Motecuhzoma's kingdom would fall and the game was set-up 9 (establish) the truth of this bold prediction. Motecuhzoma lost the game and did, of course, lose his kingdom at the hands of the invaders from the Old World. The story also supports the idea 10 the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination.
三、模拟演练
一、2022模拟演练
1. 【2022·福建省龙岩第一中学一模】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Researchers have discovered that people eat more vegetables if the veggies have fancy labels. A research team from Stanford University found that sales of vegetables increased after they were given other names -- even though ____51____was no difference in the way the vegetables ____52____(prepare). The researchers conducted their research on 600 diners for several ____53____(month) at the university canteen. They labelled all vegetable dishes in four ____54____(differ) ways each day: basic, healthy restrictive, healthy positive and indulgent放纵/任性的. The basic label just listed the vegetable name like corn. The healthy restrictive category used words such ____55____reduced-sodium (钠) corn. Vitamin-rich corn was used for the healthy positive. And a ____56____(describe) like rich buttery roasted sweet corn was reserved for the indulgent.
Researchers gave diners a wide choice of vegetables to see how effective the ____57____(delicious) descriptive labels were. They found that making the labels indulgent increased the number of people who chose ____58____(put) the vegetables on their plate, as well as the amount of vegetables ____59____(consume). Diners chose the indulgent labeling 25 percent more than the basic labeling, 35 percent more than the healthy positive labeling and 41 percent more than the healthy restrictive option. A researcher said: “Labels really can influence our sensory experience, affecting _____60_____tasty we think food will be.”
2. 【2022·江西·南昌十中模拟预测】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the 138th session of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the ____61____(decide) was adopted to change the Olympic motto (格言) for the first time in history. With the word “together” ____62____(add) to the phrase “Faster, higher, stronger”, the president of the organization, Thomas Bach, called the incident ____63____ landmark (里程碑) event. The original version of the motto, written by French priest Henri Didon, ____64____(approve) at the first Olympic Congress in 1894. The phrase was so liked by the first President of the IOC, Pierre de Coubertin, that he decided to make ____65____ the slogan (口号) of the Games. Now the slogan ____66____(complete) sounds like “Faster, higher, stronger—together.” The press officer of the committee, Mark Adams, explained to reporters the meaning of the idea, ____67____(stress) that an athlete cannot be faster, taller and stronger without a team around him. The Olympic ____68____(value) lie not only in individual excellence but also in the environment, the team around the athlete. In the Olympic Games, it is not victory ____69____ participation that matters. Former speed skater Svetlana Zhurova positively assessed the innovation. However, most of the experts interviewed reacted calmly ____70____ what happened.
3. 【2022·山东省淄博第十一中学二模】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Countless visitors to the Forbidden City are quickly attracted by its architectural splendor. Covering some 7,000 square meters and ___71___(official) known as the Palace Museum, it was home ___72___ royal families of the Ming and Qing dynasties. Many legends and stories lie behind its red walls and under the golden ___73___(roof).
In 2020, when the 600th anniversary of the venue’s ___74___(complete) was marked with an exhibition, an archaeological project ___75___(launch) in October in the western part of the palace compound. The work has been relatively low profile, but discoveries may reveal that the Forbidden City was once even more magnificent ___76___ it is today.
___77___(stand) in front of the archaeological site, visitors can easily form a picture of one of the palaces in the compound based on the bricks and stones. Archaeologists have unearthed four square underground foundations made from bricks in the early Ming Dynasty. The foundations were used ___78___ (support) columns.
Wu Wei, an archaeologist working at the site, said the 1.6-m-high foundations are about 4.4 meters wide, making them the biggest column footings ___79___ (find) in archaeological excavations (挖掘) in China. If a foundation is so huge, just imagine ____80____ grand and tall the column above would be. They may uncover a splendid construction from the early Ming Dynasty that was much bigger than the existing ones in the Forbidden City.
4. 【2022·山西临汾·三模】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wang Ping, a photographer and stylist, has “the magic” to turn dried turnip (萝卜干) ____81____ a beautiful “flower” used to decorate headdresses.
The 26-year-old found there was no headwear that fitted properly with his studio’s costumes. As ____82____ industrial at major, he decided to make them on his own in 2020. Basically, to craft a headdress there are three steps. “First, I do a design drawing. Then, I prepare all the materials ____83____ (need) and construct the framework of the headwear,” Wang said. “The last step is ____84____ (assemble) all materials and paint.”
The basic materials include iron wire, pearls, and fabric, almost all of ____85____ are “waste” from disused clothes. Among all his work, crafting the headdress has been ____86____ (relative) simple as it only uses several materials. “I use nail polish to prevent the food from being rotten,” Wang said.
To present the beauty of Chinese headdress, Wang has also learned how to make ancient clothes. Now, he is making clothing ____87____ (feature) a dragon. “The dragon has thousands of scales in different ____88____ (size). Every single scale should be embroidered with patterns,” Wang said. His work has gained much ____89____ (popular), as people are embracing the growing trend of guochao. Up to now, he _____90_____ (attract) over 150,000 followers.
5. 【2022·河北衡水中学模拟预测】
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After ___91___ (enjoy) a museum or an art gallery, people usually visit the souvenir shop to buy a gift to remember the visit. The souvenirs have history, significance and culture in them.
The latest digital technology is helping museums to be more creative. In October 2021, the Hubei Provincial Museum ___92___ (issue) 10, 000 digital copies of the sword of Gou Jian, ___93___ famous cultural relic on display at the museum.
Its popularity can be seen by ___94___ quickly it sold out. Wang Xianfu, head of the museum said all the copies were sold in just three seconds. Digital collections go beyond the restrictions of time and space, making museums more open, ___95___ (interest) and modern. It’s a new experience, a ___96___ (combine) of civilization and modern high-tech.
The popularity of digital cultural relics with the public has resulted ___97___ more museums exploring the concept. A bird-shaped wine container from the Shang Dynasty, one of the most famous treasures ___98___ (exhibit) in the Henan Provincial Museum, was digitized and sold online in December.
Digitized cultural relics are a new form of cultural creative products. It uses block chain technology ___99___ (generate) a unique certificate through which the product can be sold, collected and used. Together with Alipay, the museum launched the app “Let’s do archaeology together”, which attracted more than 30 million ____100____ (visit) during the seven-day National Day holiday in 2021.
6. 【2022·新疆·布尔津县高级中学一模】
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shanghai Contemporary Handwriting Academy has been established to give young people a chance to learn about the “ancient” skills of using pen and ink to communicate, but, more____1____(important) , to learn how to think.
In recent years, as the “new” technology of using computers and smartphones____2____(take)over society, students no longer need to learn how to write “ mechanically" and they let their keyboards do the work. For Chinese students, this has made it____3____(easy) to recognize characters, but has caused problems when it comes to____4____(write) characters since it can be difficult to remember all the strokes(笔划).
Handwriting is____5____important skill that goes beyond communication. Studies have shown that students____6____use handwriting to take notes in class remember information better—improving their scores____7____as much as 15 percent. And people who use “longhand(普通书写)”to write____8____(essay) are able to think more clearly and creatively.
Although Keyboarding has done wonders____9____(make) life more efficient, it is too impersonal. Handwriting is anything but robotic. Each person's handwriting is unique and conveys an individual's_____10_____ (personal) and emotion.
7. 【2022·云南·一模】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China-Laos Railway, ___11___ connects Kunming in southwest China’s Yunnan Province with the Laotian capital, Vientiane, ___12___ (start) operation on Dec 3. 2021. The 1035-kilometer-long railway is a landmark project and an important part of the Pan-Asian railway network. It will not only benefit the two peoples, but also ___13___ (significant) improve regional connectivity.
___14___ (locate) southwest of China, Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia and mainly depends on road, water and air transport for the movement of people and goods. It has long been a dream for the Lao people to see their country change from a land-locked country ___15___ a “land-linked one”, and the opening of the new railway is a big step toward turning ___16___ (they) dream into reality.
The new railway will improve Laos’ transportation and promote its tourism as well as agricultural processing industries. It will also enable Lao businesses to ___17___ (well) fit into regional and global supply chains.
China and Laos have stood together through thick and thin and engaged in mutually beneficial cooperation on the basis of equality. Besides, China and Laos were the first ___18___ (sign) an agreement based on the Belt and Road Initiative. The opening of the China-Laos Railway will thus help speed the ___19___ (develop) of the China-Laos Economic Corridor, and will further advance the building of a China-Laos community with ____20____ shared future.
8. 【2022·陕西省榆林中学二模】
Youths in East Asia are now embracing a new philosophy they’ve called “tang ping”, or “lying flat”. The phrase ____21____ (apparent) traces its origins to a post earlier this year in an online forum run by the Chinese search giant Baidu. The author suggested that instead of working one’s entire life chasing after an apartment and traditional family ____22____ (value), people should pursue a simple life. ____23____ other words, just “lie flat”.
Talk of “lying flat” has spread rapidly through China as young people fight with intense competition for the most ____24____ (attract) jobs, especially in tech and other white collar fields. Many tech firms ____25____ startups demand of people to work nearly double—or more —the number of hours in ____26____ typical work week.
This type of phenomenon, though, isn’t limited to China. Across East Asia, young people say they’ve become exhausted by the prospect of working hard for seemingly little reward. In the Republic of Korea, young people are giving up on ____27____ (marry) and home owner-ship. In Japan, they are so pessimistic about the country’s future ____28____ they are avoiding material possessions.
“Young people ____29____ (wear) out,” said Lim Woon-taek, a professor of sociology at Keimyung University in the Republic of Korea. “They don’t know why they have to work so hard.” As more young people grow frustrated with pressure, they say they want to give up conventional rites of passage, such as _____30_____ (get) married or having children. But life itself is a process of fighting, gaining and enjoying. This philosophy does no good to our society.
9. 【2022·上海·模拟预测】
The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popular-held image of unhappy teenagers ____31____ (lock) in their room after endless family quarrels.
An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. “We were surprised by just____32____ positive today＇s young people seem to be about their families, said one member of the research team. “They’re expected to be rebellious and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds: They want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s ____33____(much) negotiation and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat.
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago____34____(treat) their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,＂says 1-year-old Daniel Lazall.“I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing. ____35____ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.” Susan Crome, who is now 21,agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of____36____ you could call negotiation. For example, if I ____37____(do) all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.
Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments, “Our surprise____38____ teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history ____39____ teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents mainly happened during that one time in the1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to_____40_____(take) it over.”
10. 【2022·河南·模拟预测】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was estimated that around 1.2 million tons of artificial snow were produced for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics ___41___ (hold) in February this year. Previous games had seen people using artificial snow to create the ___42___ (condition) needed to host the competitions. Undoubtedly, this was another major use of technological advancements in sports.
The first time people used artificial snow to host a competition ___43___ (be) back in 1980. The 2014 Sochi Olympics used 80% artificial snow, ___44___ later rose to 90% at the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics. However, this year’s competition had 100% artificial snow made for the Games.
The two snowboarding venues were Yanqing and Zhangjiakou, A nearly reservoir (水库) was the direct resource center for making snow. Water mist was sprayed ___45___ the air ,which was then crystallized (结晶) the snow with the ___46___ (freeze) air temperature. Ships from ___47___ Italy company delivered the equipment back in 2019 as they did not want any delay.
However, with huge amounts of water to use, it raised different ___48___ (environment) concerns. Accordingly different measures ___49___ (introduce) to solve these issues. This game adopted water ____50____ (conserve) and used other recycling materials to ensure the ecosystem was well protected. This was a great approach, as sporting fans could enjoy such a great Olympics.
11. 【2022·重庆·一模】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese workers once demonstrated their great efficiency in 2018. ___51___ (incredible), around 1,500 workers spent just nine hours ___52___(complete) the construction of a new train station in Fujian Province, southern China. Seven trains and 23 diggers were used ___53___(assist) the massive project.
A video ___54___(release) on the Internet showed how the construction workers connected three major railroads with the new Nanlong Railway. They also set up the traffic signals and ___55___ series of traffic monitoring equipment.
The construction took place at the Nanlong Railway Station in the city of Longyan. It began on January 19 and finished ___56___ the early morning of January 20. The project was completed so quickly because the workers had been arranged into seven units to undertake different ___57___(task) at the same time.
Measuring 246 kilometres in ___58___(long), the new Nanlong Railway is a main transport link between south-east China and ___59___(center) China. It supports trains ____60____ operate at a maximum speed of 200kph.
12. 【2022·四川师范大学附属中学二模】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil and ___61___(choose) to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role ___62___ soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge.
Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel ___63___(respect) as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she gave them ___64___(instruct), they would often go about it in their own way without checking with her. When she announced her decisions, they would continue giving their opinions.
___65___ Gabriela was experiencing was a cultural clash in expectations. She was used to her previous work environment ___66___ the team leader and manager took control and made decisions. However, in Sweden, leaders act as coaches or mentors who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.
When Gabriela became aware of the differences, she had ___67___ open conversation with the team about their feelings about her leadership. Pleased ___68___(ask) for their thoughts, they expressed they were not used to being told what to do and that they enjoyed having more room for creative freedom.
With a better understanding, Gabriela was then able to make adjustments ___69___ her management style so as to better fit the expectations of her team and ___70___(effectively) motivate her team to achieve their goals.
13. 【2022·江西赣州·一模】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Happiness does not appear to be associated with age, gender, race, or geographical location. Instead, it ____71____ (relate) to the feeling you have when you are self-satisfied. Researchers have found that happy people tend to be ____72____ (energy), decisive, flexible, creative, and sociable and tend to look at the brighter side of life, and are more willing to help those in need. Furthermore, happy people have high self-esteem and a sense of personal control, are optimistic, and enjoy social support—that is, they have a large circle of friends and often engage in rewarding social ____73____ (activity). An important factor ____74____ (affect) happiness is the tendency to compare one’s situation with ____75____ of other people. If you feel that you are struggling to make ends meet while everyone around you ____76____ (appear) to be living in comfort and ____77____ (secure), you will feel less joy and more stress. Indeed, surveys have shown that perceived wealth matters more than absolute wealth. ____78____ David G. Myers, a leader of the field of happiness research, points out, “Actual income doesn’t much influence happiness; how satisfied we are ____79____ our income does. If we’re content with our income, regardless of how much it is, we’re likely to say we’re happy. _____80_____ (put) it another way, “Satisfaction isn’t so much getting what you want as wanting what you have”.
二、2022-2021模拟演练
1. 【广东省珠海市第二中学2021-2022学年高三月考】
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The game of basketball was created by Dr. Naismith, 36． Canadian who worked as a physical education instructor at the Springfield College.
The New England winters were very cold, and the students were 37． (willing) to do outdoor activities. Naismith determined that a fast-moving game 38． could be played indoors would fill the empty afternoons after the baseball and football seasons had ended. First he tried to change outdoor games such as soccer to indoor play, but he soon found them unsuitable for small 39． (area). In December of 1891, Naismith hung two old peach baskets at either end of the gym at the school, and, using a soccer ball and nine players on each side, 40． (organize) the first basketball game. The early rules allowed three points for each basket and banned 41． (run) with the ball.
Five years later, a championship was 42． (success) held in New York City. 43． that time, the team had been reduced to seven players, and five became standard in the 1897 season.
44． basketball first appeared in the 1904 Olympic Games, it quickly spread throughout the world. In 1906, a metal ring was used 45． (replace) the basket for the first time, but the name basketball has remained.
2.【广东省普通高中2021-2022学年高三质检】
One Direction was one of the most popular bands, and it was made up of five artists. After years of breaking records, the band started to slow down. In early 2015, it 36． (announce) on Facebook that Zayn Malik, one of the members, would be leaving the band. In his first interview after leaving the band, Zayn Malik said that the reason why he left was 37． it didn't fit his style. And he said he “never 38． (true) spoke to Harry”, his former bandmate and that he had never been under the 39． (impress) they would keep in touch after Malik left the band. “Our relationships 40． (change) since we were in a band together, but I think that's just life,” said Malik. This came as 41． surprise to fans because in the Facebook post announcing his departure, Malik wrote that he had “four friends for life”. In contrast to the pop music of One Direction known for 42． (produce), Malik shared an R&B album in 2016 and his 43． (late) album Nobody Is Listening, in 2021.
Speaking with Vogue UK, he referred 44． One Direction as a “machine”. He discussed the band's sudden rise to fame and busy touring 45． (schedule) by saying, “I wasn't really ever able to enjoy the experience. The machine had gone too fast.”
3.【福建省宁化第一中学2021-2022学年高三月考】
How do you count 1.3 billion people in the middle of a pandemic? China, as the world's most populous country, will launch its seventh 36． ( nation) census (人口普查) on November 1.
According to state-run news agency Xinhua, the huge undertaking will see around 7 million census 37． (worker) spread out across the country, 38． ( collect) names, ID numbers, gender, marital details, as well as education and professional information.
As well as traditional methods, citizens will also 39． ( recommend) using cell phones and other digital tools 40． (declare) personal and family information.
China conducts its census every 10 years. The last survey 41． (find) the population had increased from 1.29 billion to 1.37 billion. Last year, the country's birthrate hit its 42． (low) level since the founding of the People's Republic 43． 1949. The statistics also revealed that more than 250 million Chinese were over 60 years old last year, 44． make up more than 18% of the population. The figure is forecast to rise to a third of the population by 2050 — or 480 million people.
This year's census may even show a decrease in 45． total size of the population for the first time in decades, setting the stage for India to overtake China as the world's most populous country.
4.【福建省三明市第二中学2021-2022学年高三月考】
A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase 36． (appreciate) of China’s ancient cultural heritage. They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Magao Caves, 37． were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China’s ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs 38． (produce) since the international project started in 1994.
The Magao Caves have long been 39． meeting point for different cultures. Today, the caves are just as international as they 40． (be) at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people 41． (admire) in America.
By42． (share) so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even 43． (wide) interest around the world in China’s ancient history, culture, and traditions. They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future 44． (generation) to understand and appreciate. As one researcher who is working 45． the project explains, “Appreciating the cultural heritage is very important for international communication and understanding.”
5.【福建师大附中2021-2022学年高三月考】
China’s now-famous herd of 14 elephants is approaching their 48．(origin) habitat in the southwestern province of Yunnan after traveling southward for days.
The elephants have spent the last five days 49．(wander) and foraging(觅食) in Yuanjiang County of Yuxi City in Yunnan. Drones(无人机) have been used to track the herd’s movements in the region. On Thursday afternoon, the elephants left a field 50． they were foraging and headed into the forest. Both drones and ground search methods were used by a monitoring team to locate the elephants within two hours.
The herd’s return journey is expected 51．(accelerate) by lower temperatures in autumn, according to experts. Since setting 52． last year, the elephants 53．(travel) northward about 500 kilometers and arrived at the suburbs of the provincial capital Kunming on June 2.
The herd couldn’t have crossed the Yuanjiang River without help as the water level rises in the rainy season. Chinese 54．(authority) have sent police to protect the herd, clear roads to facilitate their passage, and used food to distract them from entering 55．(heavy) populated areas during their journey.
Asian elephants are primarily found in Yunnan and are 56． A-level state protection in China. With the protection efforts 57．(strength), the wild elephant population in the province has grown to about 300, up from 193 in the 1980s.
6.【河北省石家庄市二中2021-2022学年高三月考】
World Animal Day is an International day with 36． purpose of awakening people's love for animals. Besides, it is a social movement 37． (charge) with the mission of raising animals' status to improve welfare standards around the globe. Given the role 38． animals play in human beings' 39． (survive) and development, caring for animals has become an essential part of environmental protection work.
World Animal Day coincides with the feast of Saint Francis of Assisi, the advocate of ecology, including animals. 40． his honor, the day was chosen as World Animal Day, and 41． (vary) kinds of commemorative 42． (activity) were held around the world. China has been marking World Animal Day nationwide since 1997.
At present, the extinction rate of global species 43． (accelerate) as never before. A report issued by the World Wildlife Fund (WFF) on September 10 showed that the natural environment had been 44． (severe) damaged. From 1970 to 2016, the global wild species population decreased by two-thirds on average, 45． the global vertebrate(脊椎动物) population decreased by 68% on average.
Now it is high time that we took action to protect our friends animals. After all, to save them means to save ourselves.
专题19 语法填空之有提示词（原卷版）
在一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。
语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。
有提示词的空处一般考查的是动、名、形、副。
一、有提示词解法思维导图
(一)高频考点之一：提示词为动词
1．考查谓语动词
解题
攻略
若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；此时，应先考虑时态，考生可以根据句中的时间状语或语篇提示确定时态，然后考虑语态，最后需考虑主谓一致和语气问题，来确定谓语动词的数。
举例1
While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ____ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
分析：分析句子结构可知，前半句是由while引导的让步状语从句，后半句是主句，主句中含有一个宾语从句，即it ...or swimming作says的宾语。又因此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时，再根据主谓一致原则可知，应填is。
举例2
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country __ __ (grow) more corn than rice.
分析：分析句子成分可知，空格所在的句子中缺少谓语动词。根据时间状语Since 2011可知，谓语动词需用现在完成时，根据句意可知应用主动语态，再根据主谓一致原则可知填has grown。
举例3
The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government ____ (start) a soiltesting program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
分析：分析句子结构可知，when the government ____ (start) a soiltesting program为关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词为2005。通过分析定语从句可知从句中缺少谓语动词，再根据时间状语between 2005可知应填一般过去时，根据句意可知需用主动语态，故填started。
2． 考查非谓语动词
解题
攻略
若句中已有谓语动词，空处又不在句中作并列谓语时，所要填的通常是非谓语动词，此时需进一步确定是非谓语动词的哪种形式。一般来说，作主语、宾语、表语、定语通常用动名词形式；此外，doing表示主动、正在进行；done表示被动、完成；to do表示尚未发生的动作。
举例4
You don't have to run fast or for long __ __ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ____ (die) early by running.
分析：第一句中已有谓语动词don't have to run，故空格处应为非谓语动词。根据句意可知应填不定式to see，作目的状语。第二句中已有谓语动词reduce，故空格处应为非谓语动词。又因空格前有介词of，结合句意可知，应填dying，作介词of的宾语。
举例5
Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ____ (improve) water quality.
分析：句中已有谓语动词encourages，故空格处应为非谓语动词。根据句意可知应填不定式to improve，作目的状语。
举例6
China's approach to protecting its environment while ___ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
分析：分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词offers，再根据空格前有从属连词while可知，“while ____ (feed) its citizens”为时间状语从句的省略结构，所填的词与其逻辑主语China之间为主动关系，故应填现在分词feeding。
举例7
But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter ____(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
分析：when引导的从句中已经有谓语动词was，且从句中无其他连词，故空处应填非谓语动词。reporter与permit之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表被动。过去分词短语permitted to ...作后置定语，修饰reporter。故填permitted。
3．考查派生词
解题
攻略
有时所给提示词虽然是动词，但是空格处既不是考查谓语动词也不是考查非谓语动词，而是要求填所给词的派生词。此时要结合空格处前后的修饰词来确定所给提示词应派生为哪种词性。一般考查动词派生为名词，有时还需考虑动词变为形容词甚至副词。
举例8
This switch has decreased __66__ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
分析：分析句子成分可知空格前面有谓语动词has decreased，其后缺少宾语，故填名词pollution。
举例9
This development was only possible with the ___ (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts.
分析：由前面的定冠词the可知，其后应接名词，故填introduction。
(二)高频考点之二：提示词为名词
解题
攻略
所给提示词为名词时，通常考查可数名词的单数变复数，或名词派生为形容词、动词等。
举例10
Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___ (cause)．
分析：分析句子成分可知，from all ___ (cause)为介词短语作后置定语，空处位于介词之后作宾语，又因空格前面有all，所以填其复数形式causes。
举例11
To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ____ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.
分析：分析句子成分可知，空格前面有谓语动词do，再根据句意可知，此处应填动词形式，与空前的不定式符号to构成不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。故填strengthen。
举例12
The Central London Railway was one of the most ____ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.
分析：根据语境并结合空前的the most可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。
(三)高频考点之三：提示词为形容词或副词
解题
攻略
当提示词为形容词或副词时，需考虑是否是考查比较级或形容词和副词之间的相互转换。当提示词为形容词时，还要考虑是否需要转换为名词形式。
举例13
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ____ (long) than nonrunners.
分析：根据空格后面的than可知，此处考查比较级形式，故填longer。
举例14
A taste for meat is __63__ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
分析：分析句子成分可知，空处在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词is应用副词。故填actually。
(四)低频考点：提示词为代词
解题
攻略
所给提示词是代词时，一般考查人称代词变为物主代词。有时需考虑人称代词单数变为复数、主格变为宾格、人称代词变为反身代词等。
举例15
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ___ (they) alive.
分析：因空处作动词find的宾语，故应填人称代词的宾格形式，即them。
举例16
On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by __68__ (it) mother.
分析：mother是名词，所填词作定语修饰mother，故填其形容词性物主代词its。
二、高考真题分项演练
一、2022年高考真题
1. 【2022新高考I卷】
The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and __________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
2. 【2022全国乙卷】
“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the __largest_ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
3. 【2022全国乙卷】
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony opening _____ _____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
4. 【2022新高考I卷】
__________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
5. 【2022新高考I卷】
The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
6. 【2022全国甲卷】
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
7. 【2022全国甲卷】
Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
8. 【2022全国甲卷】
He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
9. 【2022全国乙卷】
__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
10. 【2022年新高考2卷】
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child.
11. 【2022年新高考2卷】
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them.
12. 【2022新高考I卷】
The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)previously unprotected,
13. 【2022新高考I卷】
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
14. 【2022年浙江卷1月】
But Cobb and others ________ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ________（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
15. 【2022全国甲卷】
Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___________ (meaning).
16. 【2022全国甲卷】
...and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s _________ (high) mountain.
17. 【2022全国乙卷】
“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the _________ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
18. 【2022年浙江卷1月】
On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
19. 【2022新高考二卷】
On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV.
20. 【2022新高考二卷】
When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
21. 【2022.6全国甲卷 改错】
The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it.
22. 【2022.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
___68___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,
23. 【2022年新高考2卷】
He saved my son's life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ”
二、2021年高考真题
24. 【2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空】
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 6 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
25. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 10 (sell) most of their furniture.
26. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
It 1 (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）.
27. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
We 6 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.
28. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 1 (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the publie.
29. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
Mary's niece wrote, pretty, "The little home 5 (paint) white.
30. 【2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空】
It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 4 (consider) healthy.
31. 【2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空】
In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.
32. 【2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空】
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3 (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
33. 【2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空】
But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5 (astonish).
34. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10 (day) routines.
35. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
36. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
Provide 8 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
37. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
When the house was built, it was much 4 (small) than it is today.
38. 【2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空】
But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp).
39. 【2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空】
This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including 10 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
40. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1 (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.
41. 【2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空】
The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 2 (human) are.
42. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9 (watchtower) to take pictures...
43. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】.
9 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.
44. 【2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空】
It is calculated by dividing a 3 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 4 (consider) healthy.
45. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
In 1844 they bought it for＄ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 3 (marry) ceremony in 1842.
46. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2 (develop) of the local areas.
47. 【2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空】
Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8 (ache) legs.
48. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
It is possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
49. 【2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空】
After 4 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
50. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
Minimize the impact of 7 (visit) the place.
51. 【2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空】
Activitithere range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim 10 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
二、高考真题综合演练
一、2022年高考真题
1． 【2022年新高考2卷】
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
He saved my ___44___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
2． 【2022年全国乙卷】
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___61___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___62___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___63___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___66___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
___68___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___69___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony opening _____70_____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
3． 【2022年北京卷】
A
Helen was walking down the street late 11 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 12 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 13 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
B
Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 14 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 15 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 16 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
C
Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 17 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 18 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 19 (bad). The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
4． 【2022年1月浙江卷】
Kim Cobb,a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta ,is one of a small but growing minority of academics 56 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change ,Travelling to conferences ,lectures ,workshops,and the like-frequently by plane 57 (view)as important for scientists to get together and exchange information .But Cobb and others 58 (be)now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely and 59 (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis . On a website called No Fly Climate Sci. For example. 60 (rough) 200 academics- many of them climate scientists 61 (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
Cobb ,for her part ,started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 62 she could do so remotely ,about three quarters of 63 time,they agreed ,When the answer was no,she declined the 64 (invite) .That approach brought Cobb’s air travel last year down by 75%,and she plans 65 (continue) the practice .“It has been fairly rewarding.” she says .”a really positive change”
二、2021年高考真题
5． 【2021.6北京卷A篇】
Why do we dream? Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse 1 (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything 2 happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 3 (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
6． 【2021.6北京卷B篇】
Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主）, and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 1 a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about 2 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 3 (safe) wait for the police to take her home.
7． 【2021.6北京卷C篇】
There 1 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 2 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 3 (result) in USD2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 4 (invest) in disaster prevention.
8． 【2021.6新高考2卷】
I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food.
I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____42____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
9． 【2021.6全国乙卷】
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact （影响）travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1 (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2 (develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 3 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to 5 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 6 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
●Minimize the impact of 7 (visit) the place.
●Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
●Provide 8 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
●Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 9 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim 10 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
10． 【2021.1浙江卷】
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index（体重指数）across 200 countries the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 1 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMT in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 2 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 3 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 4 (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 5 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.
The researchers described "striking changes" in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 7 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 9 (live) in the countryside, including 10 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
三、2020年高考真题
11． 【2020全国3卷】
In ancient China lived an artist 1 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait（画像） done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2 （fine）work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 3 （choose）, but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 4 （curious）, the artist packed his bags and left. 5 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary（传奇的） artist, they smiled and 6 （point）down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7 （find）the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 8 （gentle）along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9 （surround）the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled（谦卑） by the greatest artist 10 earth, Mother Nature.
12． 【2020北京卷】
A篇
Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food 1 （play） a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try, " he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're 2 （luck） enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 3 you can join in when it's possible.
B篇
Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they 1 （throw） away. It takes them hundreds of years 2 （break） down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 3 countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of 4 （country） and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.
C篇
A piece of stone 1 （find）on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 2 （live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were 3 （smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.
13． 【2020.7上海卷】
One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15, 000 years 1 it was first invented. Of course, these days, the bow and arrow 2 (use) mainly in sporting events, but in some places it is still a means of killing animals for food.
In western Asia, another extremely important invention was born—the ability to produce pots. As long as 6500 years ago, people were producing pottery, mostly plain and without designs, but the technique has changed little since.
Some people say that the wheel is the single most important invention. Early examples from about 5000 years ago have been found in the forests of Europe. Around 1500 years later, the Phoenicians used sand, limestone and sodium carbonate to produce 3 else we would be lost without—glass.
How many things do you lock with a key every day? Doors, cupboards? The car? We really don't think much about them, 4 we? Well, the first example of a lock and key dates back to 2750 years ago, in Assyria. This is a lock on a large wooden door in the palace of SargonⅡ.
Another amazing invention, probably 5 (take) by us for granted these days, is the skill of knitting which first appeared in the Roman Empire, some 1700 years ago. The 6 (early) examples are knitted socks!
Eye glasses developed from just one lens in a frame, like a simple magnifying glass, way back in the 13th century. In about 1290, the idea to put two lenses in a frame to sit on the nose was developed in Florence. And, believe it or not, the modern contact lens is 120 years old!
Time flies and we spend a lot of time 7 (check) how much time we have left! This would be impossible 8 clocks and watches, 9 are all around us: On walls. On our wrists, on our PCs, and even on our mobiles and iPod's. The first pocket watch was invented by Thomas Tompion (1639—1714) in England 330 years ago, and his watch-face design, with two (and sometimes three) hands moving around a single dial, 10 (remain) largely unchanged in all that time.
14． 【2020.1上海卷】
The Ball Game of Mesoamerica
The sport known simply as the Ball Game was popular across Mesoamerica and played by all the major civilizations from the Olmecs to the Aztecs. The impressive stone courts became a staple feature of a city's sacred complex and there were often several playing courts in a single city. 1 it is more than just a game, the event could have a religious significance and featured in episodes of Mesoamerican mythology. The contests even supplied candidates for human sacrifice, for the sport could, quite literally, be a game of life or death.
The game 2 (invent) sometime in the Preclassical Period (2500—100 BCE), probably by the Olmec, and became a common Mesoamerican-wide feature of the urban landscape by the Classical Period (300—900 CE). Eventually, the game was even exported to other cultures in North America and the Caribbean.
In Mesoamerican mythology the game is an important element in the story of the Maya gods Hun Hunahpú and Vucub Hunahpú. The pair annoyed the gods of the underworld with their noisy playing and the two brothers were tricked into descending into Xibalba (the underworld) 3 they were challenged to a ball game. 4 (lose) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of 5 would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game.
In 6 legend, a famous ball game was held at the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan 7 the Aztec king Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin (r. 1502—1520 CE) and the king of Texcoco. The latter 8 (predict) that Motecuhzoma's kingdom would fall and the game was set-up 9 (establish) the truth of this bold prediction. Motecuhzoma lost the game and did, of course, lose his kingdom at the hands of the invaders from the Old World. The story also supports the idea 10 the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination.
三、模拟演练
一、2022模拟演练
1. 【2022·福建省龙岩第一中学一模】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Researchers have discovered that people eat more vegetables if the veggies have fancy labels. A research team from Stanford University found that sales of vegetables increased after they were given other names -- even though ____51____was no difference in the way the vegetables ____52____(prepare). The researchers conducted their research on 600 diners for several ____53____(month) at the university canteen. They labelled all vegetable dishes in four ____54____(differ) ways each day: basic, healthy restrictive, healthy positive and indulgent放纵/任性的. The basic label just listed the vegetable name like corn. The healthy restrictive category used words such ____55____reduced-sodium (钠) corn. Vitamin-rich corn was used for the healthy positive. And a ____56____(describe) like rich buttery roasted sweet corn was reserved for the indulgent.
Researchers gave diners a wide choice of vegetables to see how effective the ____57____(delicious) descriptive labels were. They found that making the labels indulgent increased the number of people who chose ____58____(put) the vegetables on their plate, as well as the amount of vegetables ____59____(consume). Diners chose the indulgent labeling 25 percent more than the basic labeling, 35 percent more than the healthy positive labeling and 41 percent more than the healthy restrictive option. A researcher said: “Labels really can influence our sensory experience, affecting _____60_____tasty we think food will be.”
2. 【2022·江西·南昌十中模拟预测】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the 138th session of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the ____61____(decide) was adopted to change the Olympic motto (格言) for the first time in history. With the word “together” ____62____(add) to the phrase “Faster, higher, stronger”, the president of the organization, Thomas Bach, called the incident ____63____ landmark (里程碑) event. The original version of the motto, written by French priest Henri Didon, ____64____(approve) at the first Olympic Congress in 1894. The phrase was so liked by the first President of the IOC, Pierre de Coubertin, that he decided to make ____65____ the slogan (口号) of the Games. Now the slogan ____66____(complete) sounds like “Faster, higher, stronger—together.” The press officer of the committee, Mark Adams, explained to reporters the meaning of the idea, ____67____(stress) that an athlete cannot be faster, taller and stronger without a team around him. The Olympic ____68____(value) lie not only in individual excellence but also in the environment, the team around the athlete. In the Olympic Games, it is not victory ____69____ participation that matters. Former speed skater Svetlana Zhurova positively assessed the innovation. However, most of the experts interviewed reacted calmly ____70____ what happened.
3. 【2022·山东省淄博第十一中学二模】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Countless visitors to the Forbidden City are quickly attracted by its architectural splendor. Covering some 7,000 square meters and ___71___(official) known as the Palace Museum, it was home ___72___ royal families of the Ming and Qing dynasties. Many legends and stories lie behind its red walls and under the golden ___73___(roof).
In 2020, when the 600th anniversary of the venue’s ___74___(complete) was marked with an exhibition, an archaeological project ___75___(launch) in October in the western part of the palace compound. The work has been relatively low profile, but discoveries may reveal that the Forbidden City was once even more magnificent ___76___ it is today.
___77___(stand) in front of the archaeological site, visitors can easily form a picture of one of the palaces in the compound based on the bricks and stones. Archaeologists have unearthed four square underground foundations made from bricks in the early Ming Dynasty. The foundations were used ___78___ (support) columns.
Wu Wei, an archaeologist working at the site, said the 1.6-m-high foundations are about 4.4 meters wide, making them the biggest column footings ___79___ (find) in archaeological excavations (挖掘) in China. If a foundation is so huge, just imagine ____80____ grand and tall the column above would be. They may uncover a splendid construction from the early Ming Dynasty that was much bigger than the existing ones in the Forbidden City.
4. 【2022·山西临汾·三模】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wang Ping, a photographer and stylist, has “the magic” to turn dried turnip (萝卜干) ____81____ a beautiful “flower” used to decorate headdresses.
The 26-year-old found there was no headwear that fitted properly with his studio’s costumes. As ____82____ industrial at major, he decided to make them on his own in 2020. Basically, to craft a headdress there are three steps. “First, I do a design drawing. Then, I prepare all the materials ____83____ (need) and construct the framework of the headwear,” Wang said. “The last step is ____84____ (assemble) all materials and paint.”
The basic materials include iron wire, pearls, and fabric, almost all of ____85____ are “waste” from disused clothes. Among all his work, crafting the headdress has been ____86____ (relative) simple as it only uses several materials. “I use nail polish to prevent the food from being rotten,” Wang said.
To present the beauty of Chinese headdress, Wang has also learned how to make ancient clothes. Now, he is making clothing ____87____ (feature) a dragon. “The dragon has thousands of scales in different ____88____ (size). Every single scale should be embroidered with patterns,” Wang said. His work has gained much ____89____ (popular), as people are embracing the growing trend of guochao. Up to now, he _____90_____ (attract) over 150,000 followers.
5. 【2022·河北衡水中学模拟预测】
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After ___91___ (enjoy) a museum or an art gallery, people usually visit the souvenir shop to buy a gift to remember the visit. The souvenirs have history, significance and culture in them.
The latest digital technology is helping museums to be more creative. In October 2021, the Hubei Provincial Museum ___92___ (issue) 10, 000 digital copies of the sword of Gou Jian, ___93___ famous cultural relic on display at the museum.
Its popularity can be seen by ___94___ quickly it sold out. Wang Xianfu, head of the museum said all the copies were sold in just three seconds. Digital collections go beyond the restrictions of time and space, making museums more open, ___95___ (interest) and modern. It’s a new experience, a ___96___ (combine) of civilization and modern high-tech.
The popularity of digital cultural relics with the public has resulted ___97___ more museums exploring the concept. A bird-shaped wine container from the Shang Dynasty, one of the most famous treasures ___98___ (exhibit) in the Henan Provincial Museum, was digitized and sold online in December.
Digitized cultural relics are a new form of cultural creative products. It uses block chain technology ___99___ (generate) a unique certificate through which the product can be sold, collected and used. Together with Alipay, the museum launched the app “Let’s do archaeology together”, which attracted more than 30 million ____100____ (visit) during the seven-day National Day holiday in 2021.
6. 【2022·新疆·布尔津县高级中学一模】
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shanghai Contemporary Handwriting Academy has been established to give young people a chance to learn about the “ancient” skills of using pen and ink to communicate, but, more____1____(important) , to learn how to think.
In recent years, as the “new” technology of using computers and smartphones____2____(take)over society, students no longer need to learn how to write “ mechanically" and they let their keyboards do the work. For Chinese students, this has made it____3____(easy) to recognize characters, but has caused problems when it comes to____4____(write) characters since it can be difficult to remember all the strokes(笔划).
Handwriting is____5____important skill that goes beyond communication. Studies have shown that students____6____use handwriting to take notes in class remember information better—improving their scores____7____as much as 15 percent. And people who use “longhand(普通书写)”to write____8____(essay) are able to think more clearly and creatively.
Although Keyboarding has done wonders____9____(make) life more efficient, it is too impersonal. Handwriting is anything but robotic. Each person's handwriting is unique and conveys an individual's_____10_____ (personal) and emotion.
7. 【2022·云南·一模】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China-Laos Railway, ___11___ connects Kunming in southwest China’s Yunnan Province with the Laotian capital, Vientiane, ___12___ (start) operation on Dec 3. 2021. The 1035-kilometer-long railway is a landmark project and an important part of the Pan-Asian railway network. It will not only benefit the two peoples, but also ___13___ (significant) improve regional connectivity.
___14___ (locate) southwest of China, Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia and mainly depends on road, water and air transport for the movement of people and goods. It has long been a dream for the Lao people to see their country change from a land-locked country ___15___ a “land-linked one”, and the opening of the new railway is a big step toward turning ___16___ (they) dream into reality.
The new railway will improve Laos’ transportation and promote its tourism as well as agricultural processing industries. It will also enable Lao businesses to ___17___ (well) fit into regional and global supply chains.
China and Laos have stood together through thick and thin and engaged in mutually beneficial cooperation on the basis of equality. Besides, China and Laos were the first ___18___ (sign) an agreement based on the Belt and Road Initiative. The opening of the China-Laos Railway will thus help speed the ___19___ (develop) of the China-Laos Economic Corridor, and will further advance the building of a China-Laos community with ____20____ shared future.
8. 【2022·陕西省榆林中学二模】
Youths in East Asia are now embracing a new philosophy they’ve called “tang ping”, or “lying flat”. The phrase ____21____ (apparent) traces its origins to a post earlier this year in an online forum run by the Chinese search giant Baidu. The author suggested that instead of working one’s entire life chasing after an apartment and traditional family ____22____ (value), people should pursue a simple life. ____23____ other words, just “lie flat”.
Talk of “lying flat” has spread rapidly through China as young people fight with intense competition for the most ____24____ (attract) jobs, especially in tech and other white collar fields. Many tech firms ____25____ startups demand of people to work nearly double—or more —the number of hours in ____26____ typical work week.
This type of phenomenon, though, isn’t limited to China. Across East Asia, young people say they’ve become exhausted by the prospect of working hard for seemingly little reward. In the Republic of Korea, young people are giving up on ____27____ (marry) and home owner-ship. In Japan, they are so pessimistic about the country’s future ____28____ they are avoiding material possessions.
“Young people ____29____ (wear) out,” said Lim Woon-taek, a professor of sociology at Keimyung University in the Republic of Korea. “They don’t know why they have to work so hard.” As more young people grow frustrated with pressure, they say they want to give up conventional rites of passage, such as _____30_____ (get) married or having children. But life itself is a process of fighting, gaining and enjoying. This philosophy does no good to our society.
9. 【2022·上海·模拟预测】
The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popular-held image of unhappy teenagers ____31____ (lock) in their room after endless family quarrels.
An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. “We were surprised by just____32____ positive today＇s young people seem to be about their families, said one member of the research team. “They’re expected to be rebellious and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds: They want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s ____33____(much) negotiation and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat.
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago____34____(treat) their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,＂says 1-year-old Daniel Lazall.“I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing. ____35____ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.” Susan Crome, who is now 21,agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of____36____ you could call negotiation. For example, if I ____37____(do) all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.
Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments, “Our surprise____38____ teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history ____39____ teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents mainly happened during that one time in the1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to_____40_____(take) it over.”
10. 【2022·河南·模拟预测】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was estimated that around 1.2 million tons of artificial snow were produced for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics ___41___ (hold) in February this year. Previous games had seen people using artificial snow to create the ___42___ (condition) needed to host the competitions. Undoubtedly, this was another major use of technological advancements in sports.
The first time people used artificial snow to host a competition ___43___ (be) back in 1980. The 2014 Sochi Olympics used 80% artificial snow, ___44___ later rose to 90% at the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics. However, this year’s competition had 100% artificial snow made for the Games.
The two snowboarding venues were Yanqing and Zhangjiakou, A nearly reservoir (水库) was the direct resource center for making snow. Water mist was sprayed ___45___ the air ,which was then crystallized (结晶) the snow with the ___46___ (freeze) air temperature. Ships from ___47___ Italy company delivered the equipment back in 2019 as they did not want any delay.
However, with huge amounts of water to use, it raised different ___48___ (environment) concerns. Accordingly different measures ___49___ (introduce) to solve these issues. This game adopted water ____50____ (conserve) and used other recycling materials to ensure the ecosystem was well protected. This was a great approach, as sporting fans could enjoy such a great Olympics.
11. 【2022·重庆·一模】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese workers once demonstrated their great efficiency in 2018. ___51___ (incredible), around 1,500 workers spent just nine hours ___52___(complete) the construction of a new train station in Fujian Province, southern China. Seven trains and 23 diggers were used ___53___(assist) the massive project.
A video ___54___(release) on the Internet showed how the construction workers connected three major railroads with the new Nanlong Railway. They also set up the traffic signals and ___55___ series of traffic monitoring equipment.
The construction took place at the Nanlong Railway Station in the city of Longyan. It began on January 19 and finished ___56___ the early morning of January 20. The project was completed so quickly because the workers had been arranged into seven units to undertake different ___57___(task) at the same time.
Measuring 246 kilometres in ___58___(long), the new Nanlong Railway is a main transport link between south-east China and ___59___(center) China. It supports trains ____60____ operate at a maximum speed of 200kph.
12. 【2022·四川师范大学附属中学二模】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil and ___61___(choose) to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role ___62___ soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge.
Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel ___63___(respect) as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she gave them ___64___(instruct), they would often go about it in their own way without checking with her. When she announced her decisions, they would continue giving their opinions.
___65___ Gabriela was experiencing was a cultural clash in expectations. She was used to her previous work environment ___66___ the team leader and manager took control and made decisions. However, in Sweden, leaders act as coaches or mentors who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.
When Gabriela became aware of the differences, she had ___67___ open conversation with the team about their feelings about her leadership. Pleased ___68___(ask) for their thoughts, they expressed they were not used to being told what to do and that they enjoyed having more room for creative freedom.
With a better understanding, Gabriela was then able to make adjustments ___69___ her management style so as to better fit the expectations of her team and ___70___(effectively) motivate her team to achieve their goals.
13. 【2022·江西赣州·一模】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Happiness does not appear to be associated with age, gender, race, or geographical location. Instead, it ____71____ (relate) to the feeling you have when you are self-satisfied. Researchers have found that happy people tend to be ____72____ (energy), decisive, flexible, creative, and sociable and tend to look at the brighter side of life, and are more willing to help those in need. Furthermore, happy people have high self-esteem and a sense of personal control, are optimistic, and enjoy social support—that is, they have a large circle of friends and often engage in rewarding social ____73____ (activity). An important factor ____74____ (affect) happiness is the tendency to compare one’s situation with ____75____ of other people. If you feel that you are struggling to make ends meet while everyone around you ____76____ (appear) to be living in comfort and ____77____ (secure), you will feel less joy and more stress. Indeed, surveys have shown that perceived wealth matters more than absolute wealth. ____78____ David G. Myers, a leader of the field of happiness research, points out, “Actual income doesn’t much influence happiness; how satisfied we are ____79____ our income does. If we’re content with our income, regardless of how much it is, we’re likely to say we’re happy. _____80_____ (put) it another way, “Satisfaction isn’t so much getting what you want as wanting what you have”.
二、2022-2021模拟演练
1. 【广东省珠海市第二中学2021-2022学年高三月考】
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The game of basketball was created by Dr. Naismith, 36． Canadian who worked as a physical education instructor at the Springfield College.
The New England winters were very cold, and the students were 37． (willing) to do outdoor activities. Naismith determined that a fast-moving game 38． could be played indoors would fill the empty afternoons after the baseball and football seasons had ended. First he tried to change outdoor games such as soccer to indoor play, but he soon found them unsuitable for small 39． (area). In December of 1891, Naismith hung two old peach baskets at either end of the gym at the school, and, using a soccer ball and nine players on each side, 40． (organize) the first basketball game. The early rules allowed three points for each basket and banned 41． (run) with the ball.
Five years later, a championship was 42． (success) held in New York City. 43． that time, the team had been reduced to seven players, and five became standard in the 1897 season.
44． basketball first appeared in the 1904 Olympic Games, it quickly spread throughout the world. In 1906, a metal ring was used 45． (replace) the basket for the first time, but the name basketball has remained.
2.【广东省普通高中2021-2022学年高三质检】
One Direction was one of the most popular bands, and it was made up of five artists. After years of breaking records, the band started to slow down. In early 2015, it 36． (announce) on Facebook that Zayn Malik, one of the members, would be leaving the band. In his first interview after leaving the band, Zayn Malik said that the reason why he left was 37． it didn't fit his style. And he said he “never 38． (true) spoke to Harry”, his former bandmate and that he had never been under the 39． (impress) they would keep in touch after Malik left the band. “Our relationships 40． (change) since we were in a band together, but I think that's just life,” said Malik. This came as 41． surprise to fans because in the Facebook post announcing his departure, Malik wrote that he had “four friends for life”. In contrast to the pop music of One Direction known for 42． (produce), Malik shared an R&B album in 2016 and his 43． (late) album Nobody Is Listening, in 2021.
Speaking with Vogue UK, he referred 44． One Direction as a “machine”. He discussed the band's sudden rise to fame and busy touring 45． (schedule) by saying, “I wasn't really ever able to enjoy the experience. The machine had gone too fast.”
3.【福建省宁化第一中学2021-2022学年高三月考】
How do you count 1.3 billion people in the middle of a pandemic? China, as the world's most populous country, will launch its seventh 36． ( nation) census (人口普查) on November 1.
According to state-run news agency Xinhua, the huge undertaking will see around 7 million census 37． (worker) spread out across the country, 38． ( collect) names, ID numbers, gender, marital details, as well as education and professional information.
As well as traditional methods, citizens will also 39． ( recommend) using cell phones and other digital tools 40． (declare) personal and family information.
China conducts its census every 10 years. The last survey 41． (find) the population had increased from 1.29 billion to 1.37 billion. Last year, the country's birthrate hit its 42． (low) level since the founding of the People's Republic 43． 1949. The statistics also revealed that more than 250 million Chinese were over 60 years old last year, 44． make up more than 18% of the population. The figure is forecast to rise to a third of the population by 2050 — or 480 million people.
This year's census may even show a decrease in 45． total size of the population for the first time in decades, setting the stage for India to overtake China as the world's most populous country.
4.【福建省三明市第二中学2021-2022学年高三月考】
A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase 36． (appreciate) of China’s ancient cultural heritage. They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Magao Caves, 37． were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China’s ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs 38． (produce) since the international project started in 1994.
The Magao Caves have long been 39． meeting point for different cultures. Today, the caves are just as international as they 40． (be) at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people 41． (admire) in America.
By42． (share) so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even 43． (wide) interest around the world in China’s ancient history, culture, and traditions. They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future 44． (generation) to understand and appreciate. As one researcher who is working 45． the project explains, “Appreciating the cultural heritage is very important for international communication and understanding.”
5.【福建师大附中2021-2022学年高三月考】
China’s now-famous herd of 14 elephants is approaching their 48．(origin) habitat in the southwestern province of Yunnan after traveling southward for days.
The elephants have spent the last five days 49．(wander) and foraging(觅食) in Yuanjiang County of Yuxi City in Yunnan. Drones(无人机) have been used to track the herd’s movements in the region. On Thursday afternoon, the elephants left a field 50． they were foraging and headed into the forest. Both drones and ground search methods were used by a monitoring team to locate the elephants within two hours.
The herd’s return journey is expected 51．(accelerate) by lower temperatures in autumn, according to experts. Since setting 52． last year, the elephants 53．(travel) northward about 500 kilometers and arrived at the suburbs of the provincial capital Kunming on June 2.
The herd couldn’t have crossed the Yuanjiang River without help as the water level rises in the rainy season. Chinese 54．(authority) have sent police to protect the herd, clear roads to facilitate their passage, and used food to distract them from entering 55．(heavy) populated areas during their journey.
Asian elephants are primarily found in Yunnan and are 56． A-level state protection in China. With the protection efforts 57．(strength), the wild elephant population in the province has grown to about 300, up from 193 in the 1980s.
6.【河北省石家庄市二中2021-2022学年高三月考】
World Animal Day is an International day with 36． purpose of awakening people's love for animals. Besides, it is a social movement 37． (charge) with the mission of raising animals' status to improve welfare standards around the globe. Given the role 38． animals play in human beings' 39． (survive) and development, caring for animals has become an essential part of environmental protection work.
World Animal Day coincides with the feast of Saint Francis of Assisi, the advocate of ecology, including animals. 40． his honor, the day was chosen as World Animal Day, and 41． (vary) kinds of commemorative 42． (activity) were held around the world. China has been marking World Animal Day nationwide since 1997.
At present, the extinction rate of global species 43． (accelerate) as never before. A report issued by the World Wildlife Fund (WFF) on September 10 showed that the natural environment had been 44． (severe) damaged. From 1970 to 2016, the global wild species population decreased by two-thirds on average, 45． the global vertebrate(脊椎动物) population decreased by 68% on average.
Now it is high time that we took action to protect our friends animals. After all, to save them means to save ourselves.
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