牛津译林版8B Unit7 知识点合集 十分详细，并配有课后练习，可直接打印使用

Welcome to the unit
1. You have some pocket money left. 你还剩余一些零花钱。 
◆ 注意：left是leave的过去分词，在此句中做后置定语，修饰pocket money，意为：剩下的、没有用完的。
left相当于一个形容词，放在被修饰的名词或anything/nothing/nobody等不定代词之后。       
eg：I have only one food ticket left.  There is nothing left in the fridge. 
◆ leave for 动身前往 leave 忘带，落下，离开
2. have a big lunch 吃顿丰盛的午餐 区分：have lunch
3. I’m too weak to walk any further. 我太虚弱，走不动了。
◆  I’m so weak that I can’t walk any further. = I’m not strong enough to walk any further.
◆ farther, further 这两个词都是far的比较级形式。 
①farther和further都可指具体的距离，即空间时间上的“较远”。 Let's not go any farther/further.     
②further还可用于抽象的引申义，如时间，程度和数量等，表示“进一步，更进一层”，此时，不能与farther换用。例：I may be able to give you some further information about it. 
The problem will be further discussed at the class meeting. 
4. provide basic education for children in poor areas为贫穷地区的孩子们提供基础教育
basic education基础教育 receive basic education接受基础教育
5. work for the equal rights of girls and women 为女孩和妇女的平等权利而工作
work for 为…而工作 equal rights平等的权利
6. prevent the spread of some serious diseases among young people预防年轻人中一些严重疾病的扩散
◆prevent ...(from) doing sth.； stop ...(from) doing sth.；keep ...from doing sth.; 均表示“阻止……做某事”。
上述三个结构中，在主动语态中stop 与prevent后可省去from，但在被动语态中不可省略;
而keep ...from ...中的from在任何情况下都不能省略。
The heavy rain prevented us going on, but we didn’t lose heart.
在被动语态中，from都不可省。 We were prevented by the rain from going there.
◆ protect…from/against…表示“保护……免受……”例如：Protect children from violence  
Reading
1. an interview with an ORBIS doctor 一次对奥比斯医生的采访
2. tell us something about blindness告诉我们关于失明的一些事
3. have eye problems 有眼疾
4. 80 per cent of these cases 80%的病例
“分数(百分数)+of+名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的数与其中名词的数保持一致。如：
About 30 percent of the pupils were absent that day. 那天大约有30%的学生未到。
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea. 地球表面的四分之三是海。
5. have money for medical treatment medical treatment医疗 medical是medicine形容词形式，医学的
6. do operations on sb. =operate on sb. 给某人做手术 operate 动词， operation名词
7. be used as a training centre 被用作培训中心
8. Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital. go to hospital去看病
afford sth.买得起某物 afford to do sth.负担得起做某事 can’t afford 负担不起
9. on board 在飞机(船、火车)上
10. be proud to do sth 以…做某事而自豪 be proud of 以…为荣
pride是proud的名词形式，be proud of =take pride in
11. treat people with eye problems治疗有眼疾的人 cure most eye diseases 治愈大多数眼病
cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病 Dr. Ma cured the old man of his blindness.
12. carry on working/carry on with our work 继续开展我们的工作 carry on (with sth) 继续开展，继续下去
13. Modern medicine is developing quickly. 现代医学正迅速发展
Develop动词，发展；加强 develop quickly发展很快
development名词， 发展 with the development of 随着----的发展
developed发达的developing发展中的a developed country一个发达国家a developing country一个发展中的国家
14. cut a person’s body open 给某人开刀 cut----open把---切开
Grammar, integrated skills and study skills
1. hand out leaflets to people向人们分发传单 hand out 分发；提出 hand in上交
2. hold a charity show 举行一次慈善义演
3. be set up in Europe在欧洲建立 set up 建起，设立
4. part of the United Nations 联合国的一部分
5. make the world a better place for children 使得世界成为一个更适合孩子们的地方
6. want the children to be healthy想让孩子们健康
7. raise money by selling Christmas cards 通过卖圣诞卡片募集钱
8. organize some activities组织一些活动 9. prevent them from getting illness 防止他们得病
10. look pale看上去苍白
11. What’s the matter (with sb)？(某人)怎么了？ What’s wrong with you?
I don’t feel well. 我觉得不舒服
12. get toothache 牙疼 13. How long have you felt like this? 你感觉这样/这么不舒服多久了？
14. have a check 检查一下 15. nothing serious 没有什么严重的
16. Take this medicine after meals three times a day. 饭后服药，一天三次。
17.not---at all一点也不 not---any more= no more不再
18. Will it be a success? Will it be successful? 它将会成功吗？
19. keep asking myself不断问我自己 20. No time to be nervous any more.没有时间再紧张了。
21. make a lot of noise发出很多吵闹声 22.have to speak loudly不得不大声说话
Task
1. a secretary of a company 一家公司的秘书 2. be afraid of flying 害怕飞行
3. train as a nurse 培训为一名护士 4. live in a comfortable flat 住在一个舒适的公寓里
5. take the plane 乘飞机 6. help poor people with eye problems see again 帮助患有眼疾的穷人重见光明
7. make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事 make up her mind to train as a nurse下定决心培训当护士
decide to do sth.
8. attend courses 参加课程 9. travel over 300 days a year 一年中超过300天都在旅游
10. get used to travelling by plane 习惯于乘飞机旅行
11. have as much money as before 和以前有一样多的钱
12. She thinks her life is more meaningful. 她认为她的人生更有意义。
13. used to work on the farm all day 过去常常整日在农场上工作
14. an officer 一个官员
15. learn about the conditions of the local people 了解当地人们的情况
16. enter a school 考入学校
三. 词形变化
1. especial-especially 2. educate-education
3. spread-spread-spread 4. interview-interviewer read-reader office-officer
5. blind-blindness 6. medicine-medical
7. treat-treatment 8. develop-developed-developing-development
9. hold-held-held set-set-set-setting 10. secretary-secretaries
11. operate-operation 12. most-mostly



　一、 被动语态的用法：
　　1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词
　　Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。
　　I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。
　　Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。
　　2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词
　　A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。
　　Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。
　　3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
　　A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。
　　Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。
　　4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词
　　Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
　　My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。
　　They are planting trees over there. →
　　Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。
　　5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词
　　This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。
　　Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多人造卫星被送上了太空。
　 7.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
　　Young trees must be watered often. 小树需要经常浇水。
　　Your mistakes should be corrected right now. 你应该现在就改正你的错误。
　　The door may be locked inside. 这扇门可以反锁。
　　Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 你的家庭作业可以明天交。
　　二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?
　　把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：
1. 先找出谓语动词； 　　2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；
3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语； 　　4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。
　　例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 布鲁斯每星期写一封信。
　　2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 李雷今天上午在修理坏的自行车。
　　3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far. 至今他已写了两部小说。
　　4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 他们明天将要种植十棵树。
　　5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now. 露西正在写信。
　　6. You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave. 当你离开的时候你必须把门锁上。
　　三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：
　　1. 不及物动词无被动语态。
　　What will happen in 100 years？一百年里会发生什么事？
　　The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 约65万年前恐龙灭绝。
　　2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
　　This pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好写。
　　This new book sells well. 这本新书卖的很好。
　　3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。
　　例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something
　　see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something
　　A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. 一个女孩看到我的钱夹掉了当她经过的时候。
　　The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 这个老板让这小男孩干重活。
　　4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
　　He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. 他给了我一本书。
　　He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him. 他给我展示了一张票。
My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 我父亲给我买了一辆新自行车。
　　5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
　　We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us. 我们不能嘲笑他。
　　He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. 他每天都收听广播。
The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.这护士在照顾这个虚弱的男人。

课后练习
一、单词拼写（10%）
1. We should think about continuing to__________（发展） this wonderful project.
2. I need two more__________（秘书） to help me finish the task.
3. Remember to take the ____________(药) three times a day.
4. I really hope there is no__________ (战争) any more in the world.
5. It is warm all year round and sometimes is very hot in Kunming, __________ (尤其) in May and June.
6. Now I will show you some__________ (基本的) examples of using them.
7. Are you ready? The__________ (采访者) have prepared a lot of questions.
8. ---Can you help me_________ out these leaflets to people in the street?---Sure.
9. ---What's the_________with you, Andy?
---I'm not getting along well with Laurence and I don't know how to make up with him.
10.---What do children in poor areas need most?--- __________. Every child has the right to go to school.
二、单项填空(20%)
( ) 1. I think it's _______ useful advice, so I will always remember it.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 2. The girl is _______ young _______ look after herself.
A. so; that B. too; to C. very; to D. so; to
( ) 3. English _______ in many countries, but the Chinese _______ their own language.
A. speaks; spoken B. is spoken; is spoken
C. is spoken; speak D. is spoken; speaks
( ) 4. In China, the old _______.
A. are taken good care of B. are taken good care
C. is taken good care of D. is taken good care
( ) 5. Our monitor has won the first prize in the competition, and we are very _______ him.
A. busy with B. famous for C. good at D. proud of
( ) 6. To protect the environment, most supermarkets have stopped ______ free plastic bags.
A. to send B. sending C. to provide D. providing
( ) 7. Carry _______ while I'm away.
A. on with your work B. working C. on to working D. with working
( ) 8. _______ of the people in the North live on wheat. They live _______ on wheat.
A. Mostly; most B. Most; mostly C. Mostly; almost D. Most; almost
( ) 9. ---Nancy, you are going to buy a flat here, aren't you?---Yes, but I can't _______ an expensive one.
A. spend B. pay. C. cost D. afford
( )10. The man had something wrong with his nose so he _______.
A. operate on B. was operated C. was operated on D. operation on
( )11.---Is your brother a Swimming Club member?
---Yes, he _______ the club three years ago. He _______ a club member for three years.
A. joined; has been B. joined; has been in C. joined in; is D. joined in; has been
( )12. The government will _______ more colleges for more students to receive higher education.
A. set up B. send up C. set out D. use up
( )13. The bird _______ to fly away yesterday.
A. let to B. is let C. was let D. was letting
( )14. _______ meaningful work it is to raise money for charities !
A. How B. What C. How a D. What a
( ) 15. John _______ living in the countryside because he _______ the environment there.
A. was used to; used to B. is used to; is used to
C. used to; is used to D. used to; was used to
( )16. We must _______ computer games too much.
A. keep students from playing B. prevent students from playing
C. stop students from playing D. all the above
( )17. The singer sang many pop songs, _______ some of my favourites.
A. include B. including C. included D. includes
( )18. ---How many cakes can I have, Mum?---None, dear. They _______ for your father.
A. prepare B prepared C. have prepared D. were prepared
( )19.---Is your sister ill? ---No, _______, only a little cold.
A. serious anything B. nothing serious C. serious nothing D. anything serious
( )20. ---I don't know how to search the Internet. ---_______. I'll help you.
A. I hope so B. I'm afraid, too C. Don't worry D. I'm sorry
三、动词填空(10%)
1. The Olympic Games__________ (hold) every four years.
2. ---Excuse me. Look at the sign "No Photos". ---Sorry, I -__________ (not notice) it.
3. Project Hope __________ always__________ (support)by those kind people.
4. Many doctors on the flying hospital fly to poor areas__________ (treat) people with eye problems.
5. The doctors__________ (operate) on the girl when we got to the hospital.
6. ---What's your plan for the coming holiday?---I __________ (visit) Beijing if possible.
7. Bamboo __________ usually __________ (use) to make kites during Qing Dynasty.
8. I'm not familiar with this place. It's the first time I __________ (be) here, you know.
9. ---When __________ we__________ (meet) tomorrow? ---I have no idea.
10. ---Who__________ (organize) this fashion show?---Millie does.
四、完形填空(10%)
Charity walks are a great way for a charity to raise money. The charity organizes a time and place for people to meet and decides 1 the walk will be. Most charity walks are 2 20 and 30 kilometres long, but some can be as long as 1,000 kilometres. The charity often advertises the 3 on the television, radio and also in local newspapers so that lots of people can take part in the walk. The charity 4 money through the people's walking in the event. Each person asks his or her friends to sponsor(赞助) them and then 5 the money from them when they finish the walk. 6 , a person might ask their friends to give 5 yuan for every kilometre that he or she walks. This is a good way 'for people to raise money, if they are not very healthy and wonder if they 7 finish the route.
There are lots of different charities in today's world, so it is important for a charity to remind(提醒) people about 8 they do. Even though(即使) people might see a charity's logo(标识) often, having a charity walk is a great 9 to remind them about it. When people know what the charity is raising money for, they will donate some money. In this way, the next time those people feel generous, they may decide to give their money to the charity, 10 a different one.
( ) l. A. how long B. how soon C. how often D. how much
( ) 2. A. either B. both C. among D. between
( ) 3. A. game B. sport C. walk D. idea
( ) 4. A. runs B. raises C. holds D. asks
( ) 5. A. borrows B. gives C. collects D. makes
( ) 6. A. But B. Such as C. To tell the truth D. For example
( ) 7. A. must B. can C. need D. should
( ) 8. A. what B. how C. where D. why
( ) 9. A. problem B. way C. road D. hope
( )10. A. while B. instead of C. but D. without
五、阅读理解（20%）
(A)
Perhaps your childhood piano lessons made you never want to play the piano again. Perhaps a piano is too expensive for you to buy. Now thanks to a program in Sydney called "Play Me, I'm Yours", people are able to play the piano in public places. for free. They share beautiful music and the program also helps them communicate with each other.
Thirty pianos have been placed in different parts of the city including in several parks, at a bus stop and on some streets. The pianos have the logo "Play Me, I'm Yours" on them. People arc invited to play music or sing songs with the pianos. Lots of people have been attracted (吸引) to the program and stopped to watch or play the pianos.
"Play Me, I'm Yours" is a part of the Sydney Festival. It is a project of the British artist Luck Jerram. He wants to help people in the city connect with each other. He thinks that so many people are sitting in front of computers and busy with their work all hours and they almost have no chance to enjoy music. So the purpose of the project is to help them relax and make new friends.
The program "Play Me, I'm yours" has also reached England and Brazil (巴西) before. It was warmly welcomed there. But its greatest success seems to come at the Sydney Festival. "It's a chance for people to connect with strangers (陌生人) and just have some fun, " Jerram said.
( ) 1. According to the first sentence of the passage, your childhood piano lessons may be _______.
A. boring B. wonderful C. interesting D. meaningful
( ) 2. Thirty pianos are placed in parts of the city except _______.
A. in parks B. at a bus stop C. on streets D. in a school
( ) 3. The purpose of the project is to help people _______.
A. sing songs B. play the piano for free
C. relax and make friends D. enjoy beautiful music
( ) 4．_______ countries have had the program.
A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five
( )5. What can be the title(标题)for the passage?
A. Beautiful Music B. A British Artist, Luck Jerram
C. The Sydney Festival D. A Program "Play Me, I'm Yours"
(B)
Come to Austria(奥地利)
Soll is a village in the mountains in western Austria. And the Post Hotel is clean and not expensive. It is opened by a local family. From the hotel you can see the whole village, the forests and the mountains. Temperatures in summer are usually 20 to 25 in the daytime, but much cooler by evening.
Enjoy Thailand!
When you visit Bangkok in Thailand, don't miss the early morning river boat trip to the Floating Market just outside the city. There you will find-many kinds of fruit and vegetables. And you can pay for them when you sit in your boat. Don't forget your hat: the sun can-be strong and it may be as hot as 40 at noon.
Visit Hawaii!
Maybe the most beautiful place in Hawaii is Kauai. You can visit its long, sandy beaches in the south and west of the island, and mountains and forests in the north, but don't be surprised if it rains in the centre of the island. Daytime temperatures there are usually around 24 to 26 by the sea, and only a little cooler by late evening.
( ) 6. The advertisements above are about _______.
A. shopping B. food C. travel D. hotels
( )7. If you go to Bangkok, you can_______.
A．climb mountains B. enjoy the scenery(景色)of the forests
C．live in the Post Hotel D. buy fruit while sitting in your boat
( )8. _______ is one way to prevent the strong sunshine in Bangkok.
A. Going to the sandy beaches B. Wearing a hat
C. Climbing up the mountains D. Staying in the forests
( ) 9. Which place will you choose if you wan-t to visit both mountains and beaches?
A. Soll in Austria. B. Bangkok in Thailand.
C. The Floating Market. D. Kauai in Hawaii.
( )10. According to（根据）the advertisements, we know that _______.
A. the hottest travel place is Soll B. maybe it often rains in the centre of Kauai
C. the Floating Market is in the middle of Bangkok D. the temperature isn't very high in these places
六、句子翻译(15%)
1.上护士被邀请上飞机了解眼部问题。
_____________________________________________________________________________
2.他已经决定去为ORBIS工作
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3.需要更多的钱来继续开展我们的工作。(被动)
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4.我太虚弱，走不动了。
_____________________________________________________________________________
5.这个男孩因为牙痛需要一个检查。（被动）
_____________________________________________________________________________
七、书面表达(15%)
为了帮助二战后的儿童，UNICEF于1946年在欧洲成立了，现在它帮助政府和家庭将世界变成对孩子们更好的地方。UNICEF相信所有的孩子应获得干净的水和足够的食物以使他们健康，也相信所有的孩子都应接受教育。我认为UNICEF…（2句）
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