期末测试卷01 牛津译林版英语七年级下册

这是一份期末测试卷01 牛津译林版英语七年级下册，共16页。

期末综合能力测试卷
限时: 100分钟 满分: 100分
一、单项选择(每小题1 分, 共15 分)
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Anna is _______ exchange student from _______ UK.
A. a; a B. the; the C. an; the D. an; /
2. —How can I get some _______ about the three-child policy (政策) ?
—Why not search for it on the Internet? It’s much easier and faster.
A. ideas B. trouble C. messages D. information
3. Miss Lin _______ us an English song called You Are My Sunshine last week.
A. teaches B. taught C. will teach D. is teaching
4. Oh, dear! The door is not big enough for us to carry the sofa _______!
A. through B. past C. across D. by
5. The girl in white teaches ______ English, and she always does well in _____ piano.
A. our; playing B. our; play the
C. us; playing the D. us; play
6. —Please _______ your cigarette (香烟), sir! You shouldn’t smoke here! Look at the sign!
—Oh, I’m really sorry. I didn’t see it.
A. put out B. put on C. put up D. put down
7. Turn left, _______ to the west of the Lion’s Area, you will find the World of Birds.
A. so B. but C. and D. or
8. I’m too busy _______ my homework _______ my dog every day.
A. to do; to walk B. doing; to walk
C. to do; walking D. doing; walking
9. Nobody knows anything about him because he never tells us _______ about him.
A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything
10. Mike is _______ with his lessons, and he does his homework _______ every time.
A. careful; careful B. careful; carefully
C. carefully; careful D. carefully; carefully
11. Mr Green helps me a lot _______ my English. I often ask him _______ help.
A. on; for B. with; for
C. with; about D. for; with
12. —Would you like _______ to drink?
—A glass of lemon juice, please. Thank you.
A. something fresh B. anything fresh
C. fresh something D. fresh anything
13. It’s time for class. Let’s _______ and _______ for our Chinese lesson.
A. stop to talk; to prepare B. stop to talk; preparing
C. stop talking; preparing D. stop talking; prepare
14. —_______, can you tell me when to hand in our book reports?
—Before next Friday.
A. On the way B. In the way
C. By the way D. In this way
15. —Can you buy me some apples on your way back?
—_______. How many would you like?
A. It’s nothing B. Not at all
C. No problem D. What’s up
二、完形填空(每小题1 分, 共15 分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Which of your two hands do you use often? Very few of us can use 16._______ of our hands equally well. 17._______ of us are right-handed. Only about five 18._______ out of a hundred are left-handed. New-born babies can hold things with 19._______ of their hands, but in about two years they usually prefer to use their 20._______ hands. Scientists don’t know 21._______ this happens. They think that we inherited (遗传) this 22._______ our animal ancestors (祖先) , but this may not be 23._______.
Monkeys are our closest relatives (亲戚) in the animal 24._______. Scientists have found that monkeys prefer to use one of their hands more than 25._______, but it can be either hand. There are as many right-handed monkeys as left-handed 26._______. Next time you visit the zoo, 27._______ the monkeys carefully. You’ll see that some of them will like to use their right hands when they swing (荡秋千), and others will use their left hands. But most human beings use 28._______ right hands better and this 29._______ the life difficult for those who prefer to use their left hands. 30._______, we live in a right-handed world.
16. A. none B. both C. all D. no
17. A. Most B. All C. Some D. Few
18. A. person B. man C. people D. woman
19. A. neither B. either C. or D. nor
20. A. both B. two C. left D. right
21. A. how B. when C. why D. where
22. A. from B. to C. out D. of
23. A. real B. true C. wrong D. good
24. A. hand B. earth C. world D. country
25. A. other B. the other C. others D. another
26. A. ones B. one C. those D. that
27. A. look B. say C. enjoy D. watch
28. A. its B. their C. it’s D. theirs
29. A. lives B. brings C. makes D. keeps
30. A. By the way B. In fact C. First of all D. At last
三、阅读理解(共两节, 共35 分)
第一节：阅读下面短文, 从短文后每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。(每小题2 分, 共30 分)
A
What is your dream job, a pilot or a policeman? What do you hope your job is like? Read the following stories and find more at www.cambridge. org/aw/ cambridgeenglish.
The sweetest job
Harry is only 12, but he is working for a sweet company. His job is probably the best in the company — the sweet tester. When a new sweet is invented, Harry eats it, writes a report about it and sends his report to the factory. And then a decision is made about whether to make the sweet or not. As a child, he’s too young to work for money. But he gets free sweets!
Desert Island Blogger
Do you wish to live on an island and get paid? Ben got such a job, but it was hard work! He had to live alone in a house (with a swimming pool) on Hamilton Island and spend every day swimming, exploring and relaxing. Then he had to write a blog to show his findings and feelings.
Sleeping on the job
Usually, sleeping on the job is a big problem — if you fall asleep, you’ll lose the job! But Roisin was paid to sleep on the job. She slept in designer beds eight hours a day, every day for a month, and tested them to see what makes “a good night’s sleep”. In the end, Roisin had to write a report about the beds.
31. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Interesting jobs. B. Wonderful places.
C. Kinds of factories. D. Life on an island.
32. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The writer wishes to be a pilot.
B. Harry gets paid for testing sweets.
C. Ben lived alone on Hamilton Island.
D. Roisin swims eight hours every day.
33. Where can we most probably read the passage?
A. On a website. B. In a diary.
C. On a postcard. D. In a story book.
B
Now a lot of families keep pets in their houses. Most pets are small animals, such as cats, dogs, fish, snakes, birds and so on.
Dogs are the first favorite pets. The second favorite is cats and the third favorite is birds. These small animals are very cute and friendly. People usually have them as their family members. They look after them very well. They let their pets wear beautiful clothes and have nice names. They also give their pets nice food to have. They buy food for their pets in pet shops. They keep them clean every day.
Pets are all very happy. Many pets have their houses and beds. They often go out to relax and take a walk with people in the park in the morning.
Some children like pets because they need friends to play with at home. Many old people don’t live with their children, and they keep pets at home just because they often feel lonely. The pets are like their children and they love them very much. So pets are very important. I think every family needs pets.
34. People give their pets _______ and _______.
A. nice clothes; nice parks B. nice names; nice food
C. nice houses; nice friends D. pet shops; nice beds
35. The pets often _______ with people in the morning.
A. take a shower B. buy food
C. go to the park D. listen to music
36. The writer thinks _______.
A. people need to keep big pets
B. children need to have friends
C. old people need to live with their children
D. pets are very important
C
I don’t want to be your pet!
Hello, I’m a little otter (水獭) . About three months ago, some bad people caught me in a lake. They took me away in a cage and sold me to a pet store. I miss the large lake. I want to swim in it every day and play with the ducks. If you do love me, could you please send me back to my mom?
I’m an African grey parrot. People say grey parrots are good singers. But it’s not a good thing for us to have a good voice. They catch us in the trees and take us to cities. I want to fly in the sky freely.
I’m a star tortoise (龟) . I’m from India. Look at my back. There are many patterns (图案) . They look like stars. When I meet my enemies in the wild, they can help me hide. Many people like my patterns. They take me home as a pet. I am not happy to live here.
37. Where did the little otter live about three months ago?
A. In a cage. B. In a lake.
C. In a river. D. In a tree.
38. How does the African grey parrot like his good voice?
A. Great. B. Helpful. C. Bad. D. Lucky.
39. People would like to keep an Indian star tortoise as a pet because _______.
A. they like its beautiful back B. it is a star animal
C. it can sing well D. they can draw patterns on its back
40. The passage mainly tells us _______.
A. why people keep them as pets
B. people shouldn’t keep them as pets
C. what these animals’ favourite foods are
D. where these animals live
D
It was a fine day. The sun was shining and the wind was gentle.
The kids were playing in their backyard when a little cat got stuck (卡住) under the fence (篱笆) . The kids tried to free the cat, but they couldn’t. So they asked their mother for help. The mother freed the cat. The cat looked so cute that the kids asked their mother if they could keep it. The mother said, “I don’t mind it myself, but you must ask your father, too.”
The kids waited anxiously (焦急地) for their dad back from work. When they heard their father opening the door, they both shouted loudly at the same time, “Hi, Daddy!”
“You are surely happier than usual to see me today. What’s up?” their father asked.
“Nothing, Daddy. We just love you so much,” the kids replied. Then their mother said, “Go ahead. Ask your dad.”
The kids told their dad what had happened and asked their dad to keep the cat. The father said, “No, you can’t. We have fed five cats up till now. Your mommy and I have no time to take care of any more.”Hearing this, the kids looked unhappy.
Seeing the sad looks on the kids’ faces, the father changed his mind. He said, “All right. Since you love it so much, you can keep it.”
“Hooray! Thank you, Daddy!” However, the father added that they must promise to look after the cat on their own.
The kids were so happy to have another pet friend. Then the cat was given the name “Lucky” by the kids. So the cat had a place to call home.
41. Who helped the cat to get free?
A. Its mother. B. The kids.
C. The kids’ dad. D. The kids’ mum.
42. What did the kids want to do?
A. To buy the cat. B. To keep the cat.
C. To give the cat to their father. D. To return the cat to its home.
43. Why did the kids shout loudly when they saw their father?
A. Because they had a question to ask him.
B. Because they wanted to thank their father.
C. Because they’d like to show their love for the cat.
D. Because they wanted to share happiness with their father.
44. What did the father ask the kids to do?
A. To look after themselves. B. To ask the mother for help.
C. To take care of the cat. D. To give the cat a name.
45. What’s the best title of the text?
A. A happy father. B. A dangerous cat.
C. An unhappy girl. D. A new pet friend.
第二节：阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项多余。(每小题1 分, 共5 分)
46._______ If you visit Liu Hasheng’s restaurant in Harbin, you will find 18 robots there. They are ready to serve you and make sure that you enjoy eating in the restaurant.
47._______ When you walk in, you’ll see a robot come up and say, “Hello, the Earth Person! Welcome to the Robot Restaurant.” After you order your meal, the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking. When the food is ready, a robot waiter will glide (滑行) out of the kitchen to serve you with your meal. 48._______
You may ask, “Where did all these robots come from?” Liu said the robots were made by the Harbin Haohai Robot Company. 49._______
After a busy day, all the robots will go for a “meal”, which is electricity (电) , for about two hours. 50._______ The restaurant now has a menu with more than 30 dishes, and the price for a dinner is about 40 to 50 yuan. Do you want to go and have a try in this restaurant?
A. Robots can sing and dance like people.
B. Robots’ serving people isn’t a dream any more.
C. It will be difficult to make robots think like humans.
D. He said he spent 200,000 to 300,000 yuan on each robot.
E. After the “meal”, the robots can keep working for five hours.
F. It’s wonderful to see how the 18 robots work in the restaurant.
G. And when people enjoy their delicious food, a robot sings lovely songs to them.
四、根据句意及所给中文提示、首字母或英文解释, 写出句中所缺单词(每小题1分, 共10 分)
51. My father is an office worker in a big company. He is __________ (超过) forty years old now.
52. The oldest library in the town is two __________ (世纪) old.
53. Remember to take a map with you, or you’ll get lost in a __________ (陌生的) place.
54. He is looking forward to __________ (饲养) some goldfish.
55. The English teacher __________ (点头) when Tom answered the questions well.
56. Jack will celebrate his __________ (第十九) birthday in China this year.
57. My coat is the s colour as my mother’s.
58. W your help, I can’t pass the English exam.
59. His sister works for the __________ (in the area where you live) TV station.
60. That parrot is __________ (to say or write sth. again or more than once) what the girl said.
五、根据短文内容, 用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空, 使短文完整(每小题1 分, 共10 分)
Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is one of the most popular 61.__________ (child) books of all time. It tells the story of a young girl 62.__________ (call) Alice.
The writer of the book is Lewis Carroll. In fact, Lewis Carroll was not the writer’s 63.__________ (real) name. His real name was Charles Dodgson. One day, he took a boat 64.__________ (ride) down the Thames River to go on a picnic with three little girls. To make the ride 65.__________ (interest) , he told them a story about Alice. In the story, Alice 66.__________ (follow) a rabbit and entered a wonderful world called Wonderland. She had many adventures in that world. The girls enjoyed the story very much.
Charles later 67.__________ (write) the story down under the name Alice’s Adventures Under Ground. He gave a copy to his friend George. George 68.__________ (read) it to his children and they loved it. 69.__________ (late) Charles wrote more parts to the story until it was around 35, 000 words. It was first printed in 1865. The book was an immediate success. People of all ages will find the book 70.__________ (excite) and enjoyable.
六、书面表达(共15 分)
假如你最好的朋友是Daniel。他身上有很多优良的品质。请你以“My best friend”为题, 向大家介绍一下你的朋友。
姓名
Daniel
兴趣爱好
非常喜欢猫, 每周帮它们刷三次毛；喜欢待在户外, 经常参加户外运动。
能力
思维敏捷, 计划周密；小提琴拉得好, 获得过很多奖。
品行事迹
勇敢：上周末, 他帮助邻居灭火；乐于助人：他是社区中心的志愿者……(至少发挥两句)
参考词汇：志愿者volunteer； 奖 award
My best friend
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_____________________________________________________________________期末综合能力测试卷
【答案及点拨】
一、1. C 点拨：考查冠词。句意为“安娜是一名来自英国的交换生”。第一空表示泛指，元音音素前用an；第二空，UK 表示英国，专有名词前应该用the。故选C。
2. D 点拨：考查名词辨析。句意为“——我怎么能得到一些关于三孩政策的信息? ——为什么不在网上搜索呢? 它更容易且更快”。ideas 主意；trouble 麻烦；messages 消息；information 信息。根据“Why not search for it on the Internet?”可知，it 代替上句中空白处的内容，因此此空需填的是可数名词单数或者不可数名词，所以A、C 选项不符合语境；结合句意可知，information 符合句意。故选D。
3. B 点拨：考查时态。句意为“上周林老师教了我们一首英文歌曲叫《你是我的阳光》”。根据句中的“last week”可知，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用taught。故选B。
4. A 点拨：考查介词辨析。句意为“哦，天哪!这扇门不够大，我们抬着沙发过不去”。through 穿过，指从内部穿过；past 经过；across 穿过，强调横穿，从一边到另一边；by 通过，多指手段。根据“The door is not big enough for us to carry the sofa...”可知，是从门内部穿过，故选A。
5. C 点拨：考查代词辨析及动词短语。句意为“那个穿白衣服的女孩教我们英语，她钢琴一直弹得很好”。短语“teach sb.+ 科目”，表示教某人某科目；代词用宾格，此处用us，可排除A、B 项；短语do well in 表示“擅长……，在……方面好”，in 介词，后加名词，代词或动名词。排除D。play the piano 表示“弹钢琴”，play 后接乐器名词时，乐器名词前需要加定冠词the。根据题意，故选C。
6. A 点拨：考查动词短语辨析。句意为“——先生，请熄灭你的香烟!你不应该在这儿吸烟!看这个标志!——哦，我真的很抱歉。我没看见它”。put out 熄灭；put on穿上；put up 张贴；put down 放下。根据“You shouldn’t smoke here!”可知，不能在这儿吸烟，所以要熄灭香烟，故选A。
7. C 点拨：考查连词的用法。句意为“向左转，然后在狮子区的西边，你会找到鸟世界”。so 所以；but 但是；and 然后；or 或者。“祈使句，and / or + 句子”是固定句型，根据语境可知，这里选and，表示顺承关系。故选C。
8. B 点拨：考查非谓语动词。句意为“我每天做我的作业太忙了，而不能带我的狗散步”。be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事；too... to 表示“太……而不能”。根据句意可知这里指的是我太忙于做家庭作业而不能去遛我的狗。故选B。
9. D 点拨：用词义辨析法。句意为“没有人了解关于他的任何事情，因为他从不告诉我们任何关于他的事”。everything 每件事；something 有些事；nothing 没有事，什么也没有；anything 任何事。根据语境可知选D。
10. B 点拨：用结构分析法。be 动词后接形容词作表语，所以第一空用careful；第二空应用副词来修饰动词does，所以第二空用carefully。故选B。
11. B 点拨：用固定搭配法。help sb. with sth. 意为“在某方面帮助某人”；ask sb. for help 意为“向某人寻求帮助”，均为固定搭配。故选B。
12. A 点拨：用语法判定法。形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在不定代词后面作后置定语，故排除C、D 两项；“Would you like...?”表示一种委婉的语气，希望得到对方肯定的回答，句中应用something 而不用anything。故选A。
13. D 点拨：用语境分析法。stop doing sth. 停止做某事(不再做)；stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事。根据语境判断，应该是停止讲话，准备上课，第一空应用“stop doing sth.”，首先排除A、B 两项；and 连接的前一个动词为stop，后面的动词也应该用动词原形，第二空用prepare。故选D。
14. C 点拨：用短语辨析法。By the way 顺便问一下；On the way 在路上；In the way 阻碍，妨碍；In this way 使用这种方法。根据句意可知选C。
15. C 点拨：考查情景交际。句意为“——在你回来的路上，你能给我买一些苹果吗? ——没问题。你想要多少? ”。It’s nothing 没什么了不起的；Not at all 一点也不；No problem 没问题；What’s up 怎么了。根据问句中的Can you 可知，同意对方的请求用No problem。故选C。
二、16. B 点拨：none 一个没有，用于三者或三者以上的否定；both 两者都；all 全都，用于三者或三者以上的肯定；no 没有。根据句中“of our hands equally well”可知我们中很少有人能同时用好双手，故选B。
17. A 点拨：考查代词。根据句意“我们中大多数都用右手”可知答案选A。
18. C 点拨：考查名词。根据句中的five 可知此处用可数名词复数形式，故选C。
19. B 点拨：根据常识和句意“刚出生的婴儿用两只手中的一只手拿东西”可知答案选B。
20. D 点拨：考查词义辨析。根据句意“但是大约两年后他们通常更喜欢用右手”可知答案选D。
21. C 点拨：考查特殊疑问词。句意为“科学家们不知道这种现象为什么发生”。此处问原因，故选C。
22. A 点拨：考查介词。根据句意可知，空白处应用from表示“来自，从……”，故选A。
23. B 点拨：考查形容词。real 真的，强调质地材料是真的；true 真实的，强调事实是真的；wrong 错误的；good 好的。句意为“他们认为我们可能是从动物祖先那里遗传来的，但这也可能不是真的”。故选B。
24. C 点拨：考查名词。句意为“在动物世界中，猴子是我们最近的亲戚”。这里指动物世界，故选C。
25. B 点拨：句意为“科学家们发现猴子比起一只手来更喜欢用另一只”。表示“两者中的另一个”应用the other，故选B。
26. A 点拨：考查代词。ones 用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数；one 用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数；those 意为“那些”；that 意为“那个”。故选A。
27. D 点拨：考查动词。句意为“你下次去动物园的时候，仔细观察一下猴子”。此处指“观看，观察”，应用动词watch。故选D。
28. B
29. C 点拨：考查动词。句意为“……这种现象使得那些喜欢用左手的人们的生活有些困难”。“make sth. + adj.”意为“使得某物怎么样”，故选C。
30. B 点拨：考查短语辨析。By the way 顺便问一下；In fact 事实上；First of all 首先；At last 最后。句意为“实际上我们生活在一个使用右手的世界”。故选B。
三、第一节：A
31. A 点拨：归纳主旨题。从第一段第一行“What’s your dream job”可知选A。
32. C 点拨：判断对错题。A 选项文中没有出现过作者希望成为一个飞行员，所以A 是错的。B 选项在第二段中最后一句话“But he gets free sweets!”，所以B 是错的。C 选项在第三段第三句“He had to live alone in the house on Hamilton Island...”，所以C 是正确的。D 选项在第四段第三句“She slept in designer beds eight hours a day”，所以D 是错的。故选C。
33. A 点拨：细节理解题。从第一段最后一句“Read the following stories and find more at www.cambridge.org/aw/cambridgeenglish.”可知是一个网址，所以选A。
B
34. B 点拨：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They look after them very well. They let their pets wear beautiful clothes and have nice names. They also give their pets nice food to have.”可知人们给宠物取好听的名字，吃美味的食物。故选B。
35. C 点拨：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They often go out to relax and take a walk with people in the park in the morning.”可知早上宠物经常和人们去公园里放松并散步。故选C。
36. D 点拨：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“So pets are very important. I think every family needs pets.”可知作者认为宠物非常重要。故选D。
C【主旨大意】文章是水獭、非洲灰鹦鹉和印度星龟的自述。它们被人类当作宠物养，这干扰了它们的自然习性。
37. B 点拨：细节理解题。根据第一个信息栏中的“About three months ago, some bad people caught me in a lake.”可知，三个月前，这只小水獭住在一个湖泊里。故选B。
38. C 点拨：推理判断题。根据第二个信息栏中的“But it’s not a good thing for us to have a good voice.”可推出，这只灰鹦鹉认为自己有一副好嗓音是件糟糕的事情。故选C。
39. A 点拨：细节理解题。根据第三个信息栏中的“Many people like my patterns. They take me home as a pet.”可知，人们喜欢星龟背上的图案，因此把它当作宠物养。故选A。
40. B 点拨：主旨大意题。综合理解水獭、非洲灰鹦鹉和印度星龟的自述可知，它们遇到的共同问题是被人类捕捉失去自由。通过它们的境遇告诉人们不应该把它们当作宠物，这让它们失去自由和快乐。故选B。
D【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了孩子们在母亲的帮助下救下了一只猫，并且请求父母收养小猫。父亲开始并不同意，看到孩子失望的表情后便同意了请求。父亲让孩子们自己照顾猫，孩子们很高兴，给猫咪取了名字叫“幸运”。
41. D 点拨：细节理解题。根据“So they asked their mother for help. The mother freed the cat.”可知孩子们的妈妈帮助猫重获自由。故选D。
42. B 点拨：细节理解题。根据“The cat looked so cute that the kids asked their mother if they could keep it.”可知孩子们想要养这只猫。故选B。
43. A 点拨：细节理解题。根据“The mother said, ‘I don’t mind it myself, but you must ask your father, too.’ The kids waited anxiously (焦急地) for their dad back from work. When they heard their father opening the door, they both shouted loudly at the same time, ‘Hi, Daddy!’ ”可知孩子们看到爸爸时大喊是因为他们有问题要问他。故选A。
44. C 点拨：细节理解题。根据“However, the father added that they must promise to look after the cat on their own.”可知爸爸让孩子们照顾这只猫。故选C。
45. D 点拨：标题归纳题。结合文章大意及“The kids were so happy to have another pet friend.”可知用“A new pet friend.”做标题最合适。故选D。
第二节：46~50 BFGDE
四、51. over 52. centuries 53. strange 54. raising
55. nodded 56. nineteenth 57. same 58. Without
59. local 60. repeating
五、61. children’s 62. called 63. real 64. ride
65. interesting 66. followed 67. wrote 68. read
69. Later 70. exciting
六、范文：
My best friend
Daniel is my best friend. He likes cats best, and he brushes their fur three times a week. Daniel likes staying outside. He often takes part in all kinds of outdoor activities. I think he is a clever boy. He is smart enough to think of things quickly and wisely. He can organize things well. He has a lot of hobbies. He plays the violin so well that he has got many awards.
Daniel is brave. He helped his neighbour put out the fire last weekend. He is helpful too. He is a volunteer of the community centre. He often helps others with all kinds of problems. He helps his neighbours fix the bicycles. He also does some shopping for the elderly at weekends.
Daniel is my best friend. He is very kind and helpful. We all love him very much.
作文点评：这篇习作运用了“三步”法进行写作。文章从兴趣爱好→能力→品行事迹等三个方面全面、详细地介绍了作者最好的朋友。文章开篇点题，交代了作者最好的朋友姓名；在文中作者熟练运用了所学短语，如three times a week, stay outside, take part in, enough to do sth., think of, put out, help sb. with, all kinds of, so ... that ... 等，表现了作者运用语言的功底；文章最后一段既起到首尾呼应的作用，又再次表达了大家喜欢Daniel 的缘由。
添彩点：文中画线部分为本文添彩点。