2023届高考英语二轮复习虚拟语气课件2

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习虚拟语气课件2，共46页。PPT课件主要包含了条件句的分类，were，would take，would ask，had got，had met，would be，试比较，only if，If only等内容，欢迎下载使用。

语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法或态度。
There are tw sides t every questin.I’m a by f sixteen this year.
陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的命令、要求、请求、邀请、劝告或建议等。
Will yu please lend me yur dictinary?Open yur bks at P. 126.
If I were a bird, I culd fly in the sky freely. If I were yu, I wuld try my best t grasp the chance.
虚拟语气：表示所说的话不是事实，而只是一种愿望、猜测、假设、建议，并且这种愿望、建议等实现的可能性很少或根本不能实现。
If he desn't hurry up, he will miss the bus.If he is free, he will ask me t tell stries.They said they wuld let us knw if they heard any news abut him.
真实条件句：表示现实情况中可能实现的情况。真实条件句中的谓语动词一般用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
非真实条件句: 也叫虚拟条件句，表示与现实情况相反的假设情况。主句和从句中的谓语动词都需要使用虚拟语气。
If I were yu, I wuld g at nce. If there were n air, peple wuld die.
(一)、虚拟语气在条件句中的使用
Task1: 观察下面三组例句，说出它们分别是对现在、过去，还是将来的假设；Task2: 总结if条件句中虚拟语气的形式。
If he were t cme here, he wuld tell us abut it. If there were a heavy snw tmrrw, we wuld g skating.If he shuld agree t g there, we wuld send him there. If he were free, he wuld help us. If he studied at this schl, he wuld knw yu well. If I knew his telephne number, I wuld tell yu.If I had seen the film, I wuld have tld yu abut it. If I had gt there earlier, I wuld have met Mr. Li. If he had taken my advice, he wuld nt have made such a mistake.
If条件句中虚拟语气的形式
一般过去式(be用were)shuld + 动词原形were t + 动词原形
wuld / shuld / might / culd + 动词原形
一般过去式(be 用 were)
过去完成式（had +过去分词）
wuld / shuld / might / culd +have + 过去分词
Exercise1: Fill in the blanks
1、If they _____ (be) here, they __________ (take) yur advice.2、 If I ______ (be) in yur psitin, I _________ (ask) fr teacher’s help.3、If yu _______ (get) up earlier this mrning, yu __________________ (catch) the first train.
wuld have caught
4、If I _________ (meet) yu yesterday, we _________________ (g) t the cncert tgether.5、If rbts _______________ (cntrl) the wrld sme day, there __________ (be) n friendship.6、What _______________ (happen) if yu _____________ (get up) t late tmrrw?
wuld have gne
were t cntrl
shuld get up
wuld happen
Answers fr Exercise 2 n page 5
If he had right t chse his hliday, he wuld g t Mexic.If I were nt allergic t shellfish, I wuld enjy eating them.If the marble statue were nt t large fr her garden, the husewife wuld buy it.If we knew mre abut the disease, we wuld be able t treat the patients very effectively.
Exercise 2: Finish the exercise 2 and 3 n page 5.
Answers fr Exercise 3 n page 5
David is nt a sculptr. If he were, he wuld make a sculpture fr the exhibitin.Sally is nt an aggressive wman. If she were, she wuld be a mre successful business wman.If Sam were here, he wuld be s excited abut meeting a famus schlar in the flesh.If I culd paint, I wuld paint yu an abstract painting in the style f Matisse.
Mr Ling isn’t here. If he were, he wuld help yu with yur gemetry.It’s Miss Liang’s birthday tday. I wish I culd\wuld take her ut t a superb restaurant fr dinner.We dn’t knw her address. If we knew it, we wuld send her a large bunch f flwers.Peple say that the art exhibitin is wrth seeing. I wish I culd\wuld g with yu but I’m t busy these day.
If Masacci were alive tday, he wuld be amazed at hw artists paint tday.If Peter shuld cme t ur schl, he culd g t art classes.
Hmewrk: Make Sentences
要是我是你，我就会告诉他真相了。（tell sb. the truth）如果她有足够的钱，她就去买一台电脑。要是能下雨的话，庄稼就能得救了。（crps, save）要是明天不考试的话，我就能和你一起去野餐了。（g t picnic）如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格。（ fllw ne’s advice）如果我早点到那儿，我就会见到她了。
If I were yu, I wuld (shuld, culd, might) tell him the truth.
If she had enugh mney, she wuld buy a cmputer.
要是我是你，我就会告诉他真相了。（tell sb. the truth）
2.如果她有足够的钱，她就去买一台电脑。
If it were t rain / rained / shuld rain, the crps wuld be saved.
If I shuldn’t take the exam tmrrw, I wuld g t picnic with yu.
3.要是能下雨的话，庄稼就能得救了。（crps, save）
4. 要是明天不考试的话，我就能和你一起去野餐了。（g t picnic）
If yu had fllwed my advice, yu wuldn’t have failed in the exam.
If I had gt there earlier, I wuld have met her.
5.如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格。（take / fllw ne’s advice）
6.如果我早点到那儿，我就会见到她了。
If yu had fllwed my advice, yu wuld have passed the exam.
虚拟条件句中应注意的问题
If I were ten years yunger, I wuld study abrad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话，我会去国外学习。If I were yu, I wuld try my best t grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话，我要尽力抓住这次机会。
1. 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were。
2.当虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有were, shuld, had时，if可省略，而将were, shuld, had置于句首。
Shuld he agree t g there, we wuld send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。Were she here, she wuld agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。Had he learnt abut cmputers, we wuld have hired him t wrk here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了。
注意: 如果条件句是否定式，倒装时不能用缩写式或把nt也放在主语之前。
If I had nt gt there late, I wuld have met her.
→Had I nt gt there late, I wuld have met her.
→Had nt（Hadn’t） I gt there late, I wuld have met her.
3. 有时，虚拟条件句中，主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应做相应的调整，这种条件句叫做错综条件句（混合条件句）。
If I had wrked hard at schl, I wuld be an engineer nw. If I were yu, I wuld have taken his advice.
（从句说明过去，主句说明现在）
（从句说明现在，主句说明过去）
4. 非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在连词、副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。多数情况下，多暗含r，therwise， but fr…（要不是因为……）, withut…
But fr his help, we wuld be wrking nw. 要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。Withut yur instructin, I wuld nt have made such great prgress. 要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。
（二）、虚拟语气在其他从句中的使用
He suggested that we (shuld) take the teacher’s advice.He insisted that we (shuld) accept these gifts.The teacher advised that we (shuld) make gd use f every minute here.
1. 英语中，表示坚持、命令、建议、 要求等意义的动词所接的名词性从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：（shuld）+ 动词原形。
这样的动词有：一坚持：insist二命令：rder、cmmand三建议：advise、suggest、prpse四要求：request、require、demand、 desire
名词形式: rder, advice, suggestin, prpsal, demand, desire, request, requirement
We suggest that yu g there by bus. = Our suggestin is that yu g there by bus. = This is ur suggestin that yu g there by bus. = It is suggested that yu g there by bus.
His face suggests that he lks wrried.His smile suggested that he had succeeded in this exam.He suggested that we (shuld) take the teacher’s advice.
当suggest的意思为“表明、暗示”时，宾语从句一般不用虚拟语气。
He insists he is a student.Tm insisted that he hadn’t stlen the watch.He insisted that we (shuld) accept these gifts.
☆ 当insist的意思为“坚持认为、坚持说”的意思时，宾语从句一般不用虚拟语气。
2. 在主语从句中： It’s necessary/strange/natural/imprtant/ impssible/essential/vital/a pity/a shame/n wnder……+ that Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟, 即(shuld)+动词原形
It is strange that____________________.他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。 It is a great pity that____________________. 他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。 It is natural that__________________________. 鸟在树上安歇是很自然的。 It is necessary that___________________________. 有必要立即派他去北京。
he ( shuld ) say s
he ( shuld ) think s
a bird ( shuld ) rest in trees
he be sent t Beijing right away
3. 动词wish后的宾语从句, 表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望, 从句通常省略连词that。
将来：I wish I wuld have a chance again. He wishes we culd g and play games with him. 现在：I wish I had yur brains. I wish I learnt English well.过去：I wish I had been there with them last week. I wish I had knwn the truth.
wish本身可以是过去式，表示过去的一种愿望，that从句的时态不受影响。
He wished that he hadn’t tld her the bad news yesterday.
4.在wuld rather之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故用虚拟语气。
I’d rather yu had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。I’d rather yu were here nw. 我倒想你现在在这儿。We’d rather yu went here tmrrw. 我们倒想你明天去那儿。
在wuld rather后的宾语从句中：
表示对现在或将来情况的虚拟，用一般过去式（be用were）表示对过去情况的虚拟，用过去完成式（had dne）
Make Sentences
他宁愿他努力工作过。我宁愿他不认识我。
He wuld rather he had wrked hard.
I wuld rather he didn’t knw me.
以as if 、as thugh（似乎，好像）引导的从句，如果表示真实情况应该用陈述语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气。即: 表示与现在事实相反，用过去式； 与过去事实相反用过去完成式 (had dne)； 与将来事实相反，用wuld / culd / might / shuld+动词原形。
5. as if， as thugh引导的从句
1. He lked as if he hadn’t slept fr tw days.2. It seems as if/thugh the meeting wuld never end.3. She talks as if/thugh she were an American.
6. It’s (high/abut) time that…（该是做……的时候了） 从句要用虚拟语气：谓语用过去时或shuld + d，shuld不能省略。 It’s (high/abut) time that yu left here. It’s (high/abut) time that yu shuld leave here.
7. 由if nly （要是……，那该多好啊！）引导的惊叹句。表示现在的情况,应用过去时; 如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时;如果就将来的情况，应用culd/wuld+动词原形。(同wish)
If nly I had passed the test ！ If nly it stpped raining！ If nly I wuld g t Beijing tmrrw!
nly if表示“只有”；if nly则表示“如果……就好了”。I wake up __________the alarm clck rings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。 ___________the alarm clck had rung.　　　要是当时闹钟响了，就好了。 ___________he cmes early.　但愿他早点回来。
比较nly if与if nly
8. 情态动词+have+dne： shuld/ught t+have+dne shuldn’t/ught nt t+ have+ dne needn’t+ have+ dne culd/may/might+ have+ dne
1. I have tld yu many times. Yu shuld have dne it better.2. Yu ughtn’t t have failed this time.3. Yu needn’t have tld him. He has already knwn abut it.4. Yu are late again. Yu culd have cme earlier.5. Yu’ve made a few mistakes. Yu might have been a little mre careful.