2022-2023学年江苏省扬州市邗江中学高一上学期期中考试（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省扬州市邗江中学高一上学期期中考试（解析版），共23页。

2022-2023邗江中学高一上学期期中试卷
第二部分 阅读理解
A
Reading can make you feel less alone and more connected with the world at large. It can open your eyes to issues, successes and challenges that you never dreamed of, and take you to faraway places. Here are the top books all teens should read before they turn 18.
A Wrinkle in Time by Madeleine L’Engle
Though this book recently became popular again due to the release of the movie version, the movie is not a substitute for this beautiful story about family and the process of becoming who you truly are through the angle of space and time exploration.
Wonder by R. J. Palacio
Auggie was born with a facial difference that kept him out of school for years. In fifth grade, he discovers what it’s like to long for normalcy and also that difference can be the most meaningful teacher.
Brown Girl Dreaming by Jacqueline Woodson
The author shares beautiful poetry that will speak to teenagers about her experience of growing up in the South as an African-American in the 1960s and 1970s. The poems are charged with the themes of self-awareness and identity.
The Four Agreements by Don Miguel Ruiz
The attractive advice given in this book is perfect for teens going off to college or beginning a new stage of independence. It is a book that can be reread all throughout life without losing its power.
1. What is special about A Wrinkle in Time?
A. It shows a teen’s difference. B. It’s about space exploration.
C. It has been adapted for film. D. It has opened teenagers’ eyes.
2. Whose book is based on personal experience?
A. Jacqueline Woodson’s. B. R. J. Palacio’s.
C. Madeleine L’ Engle’s. D. Don Miguel Ruiz’s.
3. Which book is intended for teens stepping into a novel life?
A. A Wrinkle in Time. B. Wonder.
C. Brown Girl Dreaming. D. The Four Agreements.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了青少年在18岁之前应该读的4本顶级书籍。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Though this book recently became popular again due to the release of the movie version,(尽管这本书最近因为电影版的发行而再次流行起来)”可知“A Wrinkle in Time《时间的皱纹》”这本书因为电影版的发行而再次流行起来，即这本书被改变成电影；故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The author shares beautiful poetry that will speak to teenagers about her experience of growing up in the South as an African-American in the 1960s and 1970s.(作者分享了一些优美的诗歌，这些诗歌将向青少年讲述她在20世纪60年代和70年代作为非裔美国人在南方成长的经历)”可知Jacqueline Woodson写的“Brown Girl Dreaming 《棕色女孩梦》”是根据作者的个人经历来编写的；故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The attractive advice given in this book is perfect for teens going off to college or beginning a new stage of independence. It is a book that can be reread all throughout life without losing its power.(这本书中给出的有吸引力的建议非常适合青少年去上大学或开始独立的一个新阶段)”可是Don Miguel Ruiz写的“The Four Agreements《四个约定》”适合青少年将去上大学或者开始独立的一个新阶段，即这本书适合即将步入新的生活的青少年们；故选D项。
B
I was in my early 30s, seeking a creative outlet unrelated to boring housework and raising little kids. At 65, George had recently retired and was seeking a rewarding hobby for his golden years. For both of us, painting was “it” and we met at a local painting class. Thus began a friendship that was to last for 25 years - until the day he died.
George took to painting with an awe-inspiring (令人惊叹的) level of passion and commitment, even changing the spare bedroom of his home into a studio. How I envied him, as in my own home and I had neither the space nor the the funds for such a luxury. His painting equipment was comprehensive. George housed many of these items in a tool box- a red metal tool box. For about six years George and I studied together through various units until the completion of the course.
Fast-forward some years and George was now about 80 years old. One day, he rang and told me that he was giving up painting and giving away all his “stuff”. “I can’t paint, Bev. I don’t know why I ever thought I could,” he declared. Actually, he was mistaken about his painting ability because he had turned out some unique and wonderful works. However, George had decided he was through with painting, and no amount of talking could persuade him otherwise. And so that was why George left all his painting equipment to me. “You have the best talent and are most likely to use it,” he said. After considerable persuasion, I accepted this precious gift on condition that he could get it back at any time. He never did, of course.
I still use much of his equipment today. As I paint, I often remember George, his big personality, generous spirit and unfailing encouragement. The most treasured item is the red tool box, still in good shape. The original shop sticker is till firmly in place although the price has long since worn off. But that’s all right because to my mind some things, like friendship, are beyond price.
4. What does the underlined word “it” refer to?
A. A desire to create. B. A hobby to kill time.
C. An escape from chores. D. A chance to make fortune.
5. What can we infer form paragraph 3?
A. George once created some fine paintings.
B. George didn’t like his painting equipment.
C. George always wanted to give painting.
D. George misunderstood the author’s painting ability.
6. Why did George call the author?
A. To admit his own failure.
B. To present his painting tools.
C. To ask the author a favor.
D. To make an explanation
7. What is the best title of this passage?
A. A Lesson from My Old Friend.
B. Inspiration for Art from My Partner.
C. Nice George: An Artist with Great Passion.
D. A Red Tool Box: A Bond Between Two Friends.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在绘画班认识了退休来学画画的George，他们成为了忘年交。George把自己一整套心爱的绘画工具送给作者，如今每当作者看到那个装工具的红色箱子都会想起George。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“I was in my early 30s, seeking a creative outlet unrelated to boring housework and raising little kids. At 65, George had recently retired and was seeking a rewarding hobby for his golden years. For both of us, painting was “it” and we met at a local painting class.(当时我30岁出头，正在寻找一个与无聊的家务和抚养小孩无关的创造性出口。65岁的乔治刚刚退休，正在寻找一种有价值的爱好来度过他的黄金岁月。对我们俩来说，绘画就是“它”，我们在当地的一个绘画课上认识)”可知，it指代上文“创造性出口”，即“创作的渴望”。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“He was mistaken about his painting ability because he had turned out some unique and wonderful works. (他的绘画能力被误解了，因为他曾经创作了一些独特而精彩的作品)”推知，乔治曾经创作了一些很好的画作。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“One day, he rang and told me that he was giving up painting and giving away all his “stuff”. “I can’t paint, Bev. I don’t know why I ever thought I could,” he declared. Actually, he was mistaken about his painting ability because he had turned out some unique and wonderful works. However, George had decided he was through with painting, and no amount of talking could persuade him otherwise. And so that was why George left all his painting equipment to me.(有一天，他打电话告诉我，他要放弃绘画，放弃他所有的“东西”。“我不会画画，贝弗。我不知道为什么我曾经认为我可以，”他宣布。事实上，他对自己绘画能力的认识是错误的，因为他创作出了一些独特而精彩的作品。然而，乔治已经决定不再画画了，再说多少话也劝不了他。这就是为什么乔治把他所有的绘画设备都留给了我)”可知，George打电话是为了把他的绘画工具赠送给作者。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者在绘画班认识了退休来学画画的George，他们成为了忘年交。George把自己一整套心爱的绘画工具送给作者，如今每当作者作画都会想起George。再结合最后一段的“The most treasured item is the red tool box, still in good shape. The original shop sticker is still firmly in place although the price has long since worn off. But that’s all right because to my mind some things, like friendship, are beyond price. (最珍贵的物品是红色的工具箱，仍然完好无损。原来的商店贴纸仍然牢牢地贴在那里，尽管价格早已磨损。但这没关系，因为在我看来，有些东西是无价的，比如友谊)”可知，D项“A Red Tool Box: A Bond Between Two Friends. (红色工具箱：两个朋友之间的纽带)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
C
It isn’t just the beauty of vast natural wonders like the Grand Canyon that can take your breath away. You can find awe in everyday things. A new research, published in the journal Emotion, found that older adults who took “awe walks” felt more positive emotions in their daily lives.
In the study, 52 older adults aged 60 to 90 were divided randomly into two groups. They were told to take at least one 15-minute walk each week for eight weeks. Volunteers in the “awe group” were instructed in how to inspire awe as they walked. “We asked them to try to see the world with fresh eyes—to take in new details of a leaf or flower, for example,” Sturm says. For example, one participant from the awe group wrote about “the beautiful fall colors and how the leaves were no longer crunchy(嘎吱响) underfoot because of the rain”—the wonder that small children feel as they embrace their expanding world. However, people in the other group were less focused on the world around them. One participant wrote, “I thought about our vacation in Hawaii next Thursday.”
In addition, participants were asked to take selfies(自拍) in the beginning, middle, and end of each walk. Researchers found that participants who took awe walks showed a “small self”, in that they filled less of their photographs with their own image and more with the background scenery. “When we feel awe, our attention shifts from focusing on ourselves to focusing on the world around us, ” Sturm says. “ Awe affects our social relationships because it helps us to feel more connected with the world, universe, and other people.”Their smiles also grew broader by the end of the study. “We analyzed the intensity of their smiles in the selfies, and participants who took awe walks displayed greater smiles over time than those who took control walks. The former reported greater positive emotions in general, including more joy and gratitude.”
Participants in the control group took more frequent walks than those people in the awe group, the researchers discovered. But walking more didn’t result in positive changes in emotional health or in the way their selfies were taken. This suggests that the results were mainly due to experiencing awe, and not just in spending time exercising.
8. What were participants in the “awe group” required to do in Paragraph 2?
A. To take a walk each week.
B. To focus on their inner world.
C. To collect leaves after the rain.
D. To explore with childlike curiosity.
9. What can we see in the selfies from the awe walks?
A. Close-up images with wide smiles.
B. More attention on themselves.
C. Simply the background scenery.
D. Small figures with bigger smiles.
10. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Experiencing awe counts.
B. More walks, more joy.
C. Exercises can benefit us.
D. Awe comes with walking.
11. Which of the following can be the best title?
A. Awe Walks Promote Your Physical Fitness
B. Experiencing Awe Does Wonders for Everyone
C. Awe Walks Improve Your Positive Emotions
D. Frequent Walks Contribute to Emotional Health
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍一项有关awe walk(敬畏步行)的研究，研究表明怀敬畏之心行路有利于产生积极的情绪。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的第五句“For example, one participant from the awe group wrote about “the beautiful fall colors and how the leaves were no longer crunchy(嘎吱响)underfoot because of the rain”—the wonder that small children feel as they embrace their expanding world. (比如，敬畏步行组的一名参与者描写了“秋天美丽的颜色，下雨后,脚下的树叶不再被踩得嘎吱响。”——这种惊奇像孩子们拥抱他们不断延伸的世界时所感受到的那样。)”可知，研究人员要求敬畏步行组怀着孩子般的好奇心探索路程。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“Researchers found that participants who took awe walks showed a ‘small self , in that they filled less of their photographs with their own image and more with the background scenery.(研究人员发现，敬畏地散步的参与者表现出一种“小我”，因为他们用自己的图像填充的照片较少，而更多地用背景风景填充。)”和倒数第三句“Their smiles also grew broader by the end of the study.(研究结束时，他们的笑容也变得更加灿烂。)”可知，敬畏步行组的自拍照中，自己的身体只占一小部分，而且面带灿烂的微笑。所以他们的自拍照中，可能显示的是小身形，但是面带灿烂微笑。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段的最后两句“But walking more didn’t result in positive changes in emotional health or in the way their selfies were taken. This suggests that the results were mainly due to experiencing awe, and not just in spending time exercising.(但是多走路并不会对情绪健康或者自拍方式产生积极的影响。这表明，结果主要是由于体验敬畏，而不只是在花时间锻炼。)”提到积极健康情绪产生于心怀敬畏，而非只是简单地花时间锻炼。由此可知，作者在最后一段想传达的是，心怀敬畏才是真正产生影响的。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。结合全文，文章主要介绍一项有关awe walk(敬畏步行)的研究，尤其是根据第一段的“A new research published in the journal Emotion, found that older adults who took ‘ awe walks’felt more positiveemotions in their daily lives.(发表在《情感》杂志上的一项新研究发现，那些“敬畏步行”的老年人在日常生活中感受到更多的积极情绪。)”和最后一段“Participants in the control group took more frequent walks than those people in the awe group, the researchers discovered. But walking more didn’t result in positive change: in emotional health or in the way their selfies were taken. This suggests that the results were mainly due to experiencing awe, and not just in spending time exercising.(研究人员发现，控制组的参与者比敬畏组的参与者更频繁地散步。但是多走路并不会对情绪健康或者自拍方式产生积极的影响。这表明，结果主要是由于体验敬畏，而不只是在花时间锻炼。)”可知，敬畏步行有利于促进积极健康情绪。所以C项“敬畏步行能促进积极的情绪”最适合作为本文标题。故选C项。
D
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev say that the popular dieting strategy of serving food on smaller plates does not necessarily trick us into eating less.
“Plate size doesn’t matter as much as we think it does,” says Dr. Tzvi Ganel, head of the study in a media release. “Even if you’re hungry and haven’t eaten, or are trying to cut back on portions (份), a serving looks similar whether it fills a smaller plate or is surrounded by empty space on a larger one.”
Some dieters may try eating off of smaller plates, hoping that they will feel full because the serving size appears larger on the smaller plate. This strategy is based on the classic Delbouef illusion (错觉), which found that people seeing a black circle inside a larger circle perceived the circle to be smaller than when the same sized black circle was placed inside a smaller circle.
Researchers determined that hunger seems to help with visual perception of food portions. In the experiment, participants who had eaten recently had a difficult time estimating pizza portions that were placed on larger versus smaller trays. But participants who had not eaten for at least three hours were better able to estimate portion sizes correctly.
The authors remind that their results only applied to food sizes. Both groups of participants performed about the same when asked to compare sizes of black circles and hubcaps (轮毂) placed inside different sized circles. Study authors say the results suggest that hunger strengthens our ability to analyze and process what we are seeing.
“Over the last decade, restaurants and other food businesses have been using progressively smaller dishes to adapt to the perceptual bias (偏差) that it will reduce food consumption,” says Ganel. “This study debunks that view. When people are hungry, especially when dieting, they are less likely to be fooled by the plate size, more likely to realize they are eating less and more ready to overeating later.”
So don’t kid yourself. Put away the Barbie plates and give it three hours. Then grab that giant plate and dig in. Your eyes will choose the right size.
12. Why do some dieters switch to smaller dishes?
A. To seek an elegant lifestyle. B. To measure the serving size.
C. To have the impression of being full. D. To see whether Delbouef illusion is true.
13. What helps to judge food sizes accurately?
A. The black color. B. The size of circles.
C. The strong need for food. D. The delicious taste of food.
14. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “debunks” in paragraph 6?
A. Disapproves. B. Confirms. C. Reflects. D. Discovers.
15. What does the text mainly tell us?
A. Dieting requires smaller plates. B. Your dinner plate affects your weight.
C. Eating less is a popular dieting practice. D. Smaller plates won’t lead to less eating.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现用小盘盛食物的节食策略并不一定会使我们少吃。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Some dieters may try eating off of smaller plates, hoping that they will feel full because the serving size appears larger on the smaller plate.”（一些节食者可能会尝试用较小的盘子盛食物，希望他们会觉得饱了，因为在较小的盘子里，份量看起来更大）可知，一些节食者用较小的盘子盛食物是为了营造一种饱腹感，故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchers determined that hunger seems to help with visual perception of food portions.”（研究人员确定，饥饿似乎有助于对食物份量的视觉感知）可知，对食物的强烈需要有助于准确判断食物的份量，故选C。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后的“When people are hungry, especially when dieting, they are less likely to be fooled by the plate size, more likely to realize they are eating less and more ready to overeating later.”（当人们饥饿时，尤其是节食时，他们不太可能被盘子的大小所愚弄，更可能意识到自己吃得越来越少，以后可能会暴饮暴食）可知，这项研究驳斥了“用小盘子盛食物吃得会更少”这一观点，由此可知划线词词义为“驳斥、不赞成”，故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev say that the popular dieting strategy of serving food on smaller plates does not necessarily trick us into eating less.”（内盖夫本古里安大学的研究人员说，用小盘盛食物的流行节食策略并不一定会使我们少吃）可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现用小盘盛食物的节食策略并不一定会使我们少吃，故选D。
第二节 七选五
The quality of the family relationship is more important than family configuration (结构). A healthy family relationship is the base of a happy family. ___16___. Although family relationships are different, there are certain characteristics that healthy family relationships share.
Families with healthy relationships engage in positive and meaningful communication. Family members listen to and genuinely care about what the others are saying. In these families, communication is on a deep enough level.___17___ . When some feedback and constructive criticism are given, love and affection are made clear by the use of positive words.
A family with a healthy relationship requires every single family member’s commitment. Family members hold family as a top priority (优先考虑的事) and consider the impact on relatives before making important decisions. Family members are dependable and always there for each other in times of crisis. ___18___.
A characteristic of healthy family relationship is that they spend time doing enjoyable activities together. ___19___. Often, these activities become family traditions, such as sharing meals together, having family outings every weekend or playing sports together.
___20___. Family members accept that they each have their own personalities, qualities and interests. Everyone plays an important role in the family. When there is conflict between family members, it is solved in a positive and healthy manner. Family members also acknowledge each other’s achievements and show appreciation for other members.
A. Therefore, members do not feel they are on their own
B. Family members share everything they have with each other
C. Respect is an important characteristic of healthy family relationships
D. It provides members with the support and encouragement that they need
E. Family members tend to select activities that help the family to grow closer
F. It is important to keep in mind that each family member is a unique individual
G. All members are able to share their feelings, goals, achievements and experiences
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了健康的家庭关系的一些特征。
【16题详解】
上文“A healthy family relationship is the base of a happy family. (健康的家庭关系是幸福家庭的基础)” 指出健康的家庭关系是幸福家庭的基础；下文“Although family relationships are different, there are certain characteristics that healthy family relationships share. (虽然家庭关系不同，但健康的家庭关系有一些共同的特征)”指出关系健康的家庭有一些共同的特征。D选项“It provides members with the support and encouragement that they need(它为成员提供他们所需要的支持和鼓励)”承接上文，指出健康的家庭关系的好处，符合语境，选项中的“It”指代上文的“A healthy family relationship”，且与下文中的“healthy family relationships”一致。故选D。
【17题详解】
由段落主旨句“Families with healthy relationships engage in positive and meaningful communication.(拥有健康关系的家庭会进行积极而有意义的交流)”可知，本段“communication”是关键词，主要阐述在健康的家庭关系中成员们的交流都是积极的、有意义的；上文“In these families, communication is on a deep enough level.(在这些家庭中，交流是在一个足够深的层次上)”指出健康家庭的交流是在足够深的层次上；G选项“All members are able to share their feelings, goals, achievements and experiences(所有成员都能分享他们的感受、目标、成就和经验)”承接上文说明了家庭成员们深层次的交流内容，符合此段的主旨和语境，选项中的“share their feelings, goals, achievements and experiences”与上文的“communication”表达的意义一致；下文“When some feedback and constructive criticism are given, love and affection are made clear by the use of positive words.(当给予一些反馈和建设性的批评时，用积极的词语表达爱意)”承接交流的内容进一步阐述了健康家庭关系中成员的交流方式。故选G。
【18题详解】
设空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Family members hold family as a top priority (优先考虑的事) and consider the impact on relatives before making important decisions. Family members are dependable and always there for each other in times of crisis. (家庭成员把家庭作为最优先考虑的事情，家庭成员在做重要决定前，会考虑对亲属的影响。家庭成员是可靠的，在危机时刻总是相互帮助)”可知，家庭成员会相会帮助，这样成员就不会觉得什么都靠自己独立解决。A选项“Therefore, members do not feel they are on their own(因此，家庭成员们并不觉得自己是孤立无援的)”符合语境，与上文形成明显的因果关系。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据主旨句“A characteristic of healthy family relationship is that they spend time doing enjoyable activities together. (健康家庭关系的一个特点是他们花时间一起做愉快的活动)”可知，本段主要说明在健康的家庭关系中成员们会一起度过快乐、有意义的时光。再结合下文“Often, these activities become family traditions, such as sharing meals together, having family outings every weekend or playing sports together. (通常，这些活动会成为家庭传统，比如一起吃饭，每个周末一起外出或一起运动)”可推知，设空处提到了有利于增进家庭成员关系的活动。E选项“Family members tend to select activities that help the family to grow closer(家庭成员倾向于选择有助于家庭关系更加亲密的活动)”符合题意，且贴合主旨，下文的“these activities”指代选项中的“activities that help the family to grow closer”。故选E。
【20题详解】
设空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Family members accept that they each have their own personalities, qualities and interests. Everyone plays an important role in the family. When there is conflict between family members, it is solved in a positive and healthy manner. Family members also acknowledge each other’s achievements and show appreciation for other members. (家庭成员承认他们每个人都有自己的个性、品质和兴趣。每个人在家庭中都扮演着重要的角色。当家庭成员之间发生冲突时，以积极健康的方式解决。家庭成员也承认彼此的成就，并对其他成员表示赞赏)”可知，虽然家庭成员性格各异，但要承认彼此的成就，并且相互赞赏，即家庭成员之间应该尊重并欣赏。C选项“Respect is an important characteristic of healthy family relationships(尊重是健康家庭关系的一个重要特征)”可以概括本段内容，作为本段主旨句。故选C。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节完形填空
When I was seven years old and my sister Amy was just five years old, we were playing on top of a bunk bed. I thought without help or any ____21____ from me at all, suddenly Amy disappeared off of the top of the bunk bed and ____22____ with a crash on the floor. I nervously peered over the side of the bed and saw that she had landed ____23____ on her hands and knees on the ground.
I was nervous because my parents had ____24____ me with making sure that we played as ____25____ as possible. I saw my sister’s painful face threatening to ____26____ from her mouth and threatening to wake up my parents. So I did the only thing my little seven-year-old ____27____ could think to do to change this ____28____. I said, “Amy, Amy, wait. Don’t cry…No human lands on all fours like that. Amy, I think this means you’re a unicorn (独角兽).” Obviously, that was cheating, but there was nothing in the world my sister would want ___29___ the unicorn. Instead of crying, instead of _____30_____ our play, with all the negative consequences that would have waited for me, a smile _____31_____ across her face. She climbed onto the bunk bed again with all the grace of a baby unicorn, with one _____32_____ leg.
What we _____33_____ unconsciously at that tender age is something called positive psychology. It’s not necessarily the reality that shapes us, but the lens (棱镜) through which your brain _____34_____ the world that shapes your reality. And if we can change the lens, believe me we can change every single educational and business _____35_____ at the same time.
21. A. pull B. lift C. hug D. push
22. A. impressed B. completed C. landed D. exploded
23. A. crazily B. happily C. painfully D. peacefully
24. A. provided B. charged C. shared D. awarded
25. A. safely B. warmly C. actually D. quietly
26. A. jump B. erupt C. complain D. fall
27. A. face B. sister C. soul D. brain
28. A. chance B. tragedy C. shock D. focus
29. A. more than B. other than C. rather than D. less than
30. A. delaying B. continuing C. completing D. stopping
31. A. pretended B. came C. spread D. concentrated
32. A. broken B. slim C. freezing D. dead
33. A. come across B. adapt to C. pay for D. point out
34. A. changes B. imagines C. creates D. views
35. A. appearance B. person C. outcome D. description
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。小时候，“我”和妹妹玩耍的过程中，妹妹从床上掉落，而“我”编造了一个谎言改变了事情的结局。通过这件事情，“我”联想到了用积极的心理看待世界的重要性。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，没有任何帮助，也没有任何来自我的推动，突然艾米从双层床的顶部消失了，坠落在地板上。A. pull拉；B. lift举起；C. hug拥抱；D. push推。根据下文“suddenly Amy disappeared off of the top of the bunk bed ”可知，从作者角度来看，他觉得妹妹不知道怎么会掉下床，他觉得自己没有推妹妹。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A . impressed使印象深刻；B. completed完成；C. landed着陆；跌落；D. exploded爆炸。根据后文“with a crash on the floor”及“saw that she had landed ”可知，妹妹从床上跌落在地上。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我紧张地从床的侧面看过去，看到她痛苦地双手和膝盖着地。A. crazily疯狂地；B. happily开心地；C. painfully痛苦地；D. peacefully平静地。根据常识和后文中的“I saw my sister’s painful face”可以看出妹妹从双层床上跌落是非常痛的。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很紧张，因为我的父母要求我确保我们尽可能安全地玩耍。A. provided提供；B. charged赋予……职责；C. shared分享；D. awarded授予。根据上文得知“我”是哥哥，所以照顾好妹妹是父母赋予“我”的职责。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. safely安全地；B. warmly热情地；C. actually事实上；D. quietly安静地。结合常识，以及妹妹摔倒后作者的担忧可知，父母要作者保证安全地玩耍。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到我妹妹痛苦的脸，预示着她要喊出来，预示着她的喊声要叫醒我的父母。A. jump跳；B. erupt突然发出（尤指叫喊）；C. complain抱怨；D. fall落下。根据下文“threatening to wake up my parents”可知，妹妹疼的想要叫喊，这样会叫醒父母。所以此处指她痛的要喊出声来。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我做了我七岁的小脑袋能想到的唯一一件事来改变这个悲剧。A. face脸；B. sister妹妹；C. soul灵魂；D. brain大脑。根据下文“No human lands on all fours like that. Amy, I think this means you’re a unicorn (独角兽).”可知，作者对妹妹撒谎骗她，这是他脑袋里能想到的事情。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. chance机会；B. tragedy悲剧；C. shock打击；D. focus焦点。根据前文内容和“I was nervous because my parents had 　　6　　　me with making sure that we played as 　　7　　　 as possible.”可知，妹妹从床上掉落到了地上，如果妹妹大声哭泣，这会惊醒父母，这对作者来说是一个悲剧，因为父母让他保证安全地玩耍。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：很明显，这是欺骗，但在这个世界上，我妹妹最想要的就是独角兽。A. more than超过，多于；B. other than除了；C. rather than而不是；D. less than不足。根据上文“Amy, I think this means you’re a unicorn”推知，作者的妹妹最喜欢独角兽，more than和否定词nothing连用暗含“最……”。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有哭，没有停止我们的游戏，也没有带来等待我的所有消极后果，她的脸上慢慢地露出了笑容。A. delaying推迟；B. continuing继续；C. completing完成；D. stopping停止。根据下文“She climbed onto the bunk bed again ”可知，妹妹再次爬到床上继续玩耍，所以此处指他们没有停止玩耍。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pretended假装；B. came来；C. spread（脸上）慢慢流露出；D. concentrated集中（注意力）。根据前文“I saw my sister’s painful face threatening to 　6　　from her mouth”及本句“a smile 　11　　across her face”可知，从开始的痛苦的脸到微笑出现在脸上，笑容的出现是缓慢的。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她又爬上了双层床，带着独角兽宝宝的优雅姿态，带着一条受伤的腿。A. broken伤残的；B. slim苗条的；C. freezing冰冻的；严寒的；D. dead死的。根据前文“ Amy disappeared off of the top of the bunk bed and 2 with a crash on the floor”可推知，妹妹摔伤了腿。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们在幼年时无意识地遇到的是一种叫做积极心理学的东西。A. come across偶尔发现；B. adapt to适应；C. pay for支付；D. point out指出。根据前文“Amy, Amy, wait. Don’t cry…No human lands on all fours like that. Amy, I think this means you’re a unicorn (独角兽).”及“a smile 　11　　across her face”可知，作者看到妹妹痛苦的样子，骗她说她是独角兽，这让她忘记了疼痛，脸上露出微笑，这事实上是积极的心理暗示，所以此处指这个叫积极心理学的东西是偶尔发现的。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：并不一定是现实世界造就我们，而是我们大脑用来看世界的那个镜片造就了我们的现实世界。A. changes改变；B. imagines想象；C. creates创造；D. views看。根据下文“ the world ”可知，此处指透过镜片看东西，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们可以改变镜头，相信我，我们可以同时改变每一个教育和商业结果。A. appearance外观；B. person人；C. outcome结果；D. description描述。结合本句中“we can change the lens, believe me we can change every single educational and business”可知，如果我们可以换一副镜片，我们就可以改变每一个结果。故选C。

第二节 语法填空
语法填空
Have you ever traveled around the world while staying in other people’s homes for free. It might sound too good to be true. But a ___36___(retire) couple from Norfolk, England have managed to do just that.
Jonathan and Julie Ashworth sold their house in 2017 and then traveled around the world while looking after other people’s houses and pets in exchange___37___ free accommodation.
The Ashworths booked their first house-sitting in early 2018 and said they’d never looked back ever since. While they were initially ___38___(doubt) about the idea, they tried ___39___(sign) up for Trusted Housesitters, ___40___ owners and house-sitters leave reviews for each other. As they were new to the practice, the couple ___41___(choose) to house-sit locally to build up their profiles, and with a number of positive reviews, they began to apply for house-sitting slightly___42___(far) afield.
While house-sitting might sound like a piece of cake, it’s ___43___(rare) as simple as just walking the owner’s dog every day. In order to ensure they were prepared for each hous-sitting the pair generally arrived a few hours before the owners left, so that they could meet and discuss any ___44___(concern).
Due to COVID-19, the couple were forced to return to the UK. They are staying in a caravan (拖车) ___45___ they are able to begin house-sitting again.
【答案】36. retired
37. for 38. doubtful
39. signing
40. where 41. chose
42. farther##further
43. rarely
44. concerns
45. until
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一对退休夫妻环游世界，通过帮别人照看房子和宠物获得免费住宿。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但来自英格兰Norfolk的一对退休夫妇却做到了。设空处在句中作定语，修饰名词couple，形容词retired意为“已退休的”符合句意。故填retired。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：Jonathan和Julie Ashworth在2017年卖掉了他们的房子，然后环游世界，同时照顾其他人的房子和宠物，以换取免费住宿。介词短语in exchange for意为“作为……的交换，以换取……”符合句意。故填for。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然他们一开始对这个想法心存疑虑，但他们尝试注册了Trusted housesitter，在那里，房主和看房者可以互相留下评论。设空处在句中作表语，形容词doubtful意“拿不定主意，不确定”符合句意，短语be doubtful about意为“对……拿不定主意，不确定，怀疑”。故填doubtful。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然他们一开始对这个想法心存疑虑，但他们尝试注册了Trusted housesitter，在那里，房主和看房者可以互相留下评论。根据前文“While they were initially__3__(doubt) about the idea,”可知，他们尝试着注册了Trusted housesitter，try doing sth意为“试着做某事”符合句意。故填signing。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：虽然他们一开始对这个想法心存疑虑，但他们尝试注册了Trusted housesitter，在那里，房主和看管房屋者可以互相留下评论。句子分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Trusted housesitter，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：由于他们是新手，这对夫妇选择在当地帮人照看房子，以建立他们的个人档案，获得更多的正面评价后，他们开始申请稍微更远的地方的看房。句子分析可知，设空处在句中作谓语动词，根据“As they were new to the practice,”以及上下文可知，应用一般过去时。故填chose。
【42题详解】
考查比较级。句意：由于他们是新手，这对夫妇选择在当地看房，以建立他们的个人档案，获得更多的正面评价后，他们开始申请稍微更远的地方的看房。根据句意以及前文的“the couple__6__(choose) to house-sit locally to build up their profiles”可知，他们申请到更远的地方看房，所以此空填far的比较级。故填farther或further。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：虽然照看房子听起来是小菜一碟，但它很少像每天遛房主的狗那么简单。设空处在句中作状语，副词rarely意为“很少，罕有”符合句意。故填rarely。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：为了确保每一次照看房子都做好了准备，这对夫妇通常会在房主离开之前的几个小时到达，这样他们就可以见面讨论任何关心的问题。concern作名词表示“担心的事情，关心的事情”为可数名词。句中表示复数概念。故填concerns。
【45题详解】
考查连接词。句意：他们现在住在拖车里，直到他们能够重新开始照看房子。根据句意可知他们现在住在拖车里，会一直住到重新开始照看房子，结合句子结构分析可知，连接词until“到……时，直到……为止”符合句意。故填until。

第三节
阅读下面单句，根据提示写出单词的正确形式。
46. These ____(尴尬的，难对付的)questions made me embarrassed a lot. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】awkward##embarrassing
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些尴尬的问题让我很尴尬。结合句子结构和汉语提示可知，形容词awkward/embarrassing符合题意，作定语。故填awkward/embarrassing。
47. Lats year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as an _____(交换) student. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】exchange
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：去年，我有机会作为交换生在英国一所中学学习。结合句子结构和汉语提示可知，名词exchange符合题意，作定语，修饰名词student，exchange student“交换生”。故填exchange。
48. Everyone’s fingerprints are _____（独一无二的）. （根据汉语意思填空）
【答案】unique
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。根据所给句子和汉语提示可推出是形容词unique“独一无二的”，该词作为句子表语，故填unique。
49. In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a ____(志愿者)in Uzbekistan. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】volunteer
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：20世纪90年代中期，汤姆·比斯尔作为志愿者在乌兹别克斯坦教授英语。结合句子结构和汉语提示，名词volunteer符合题意，作宾语，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填volunteer。
50. Due to the financial crisis, the company wanted to hire 20% fewer ___(毕业生)this year than last. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】graduates
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于金融危机，公司今年想要比去年少雇用20%的毕业生。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知，名词graduate符合题意，被fewer修饰，应用其复数形式。故填graduates。
51. She made a quick physical _____(recover) and was back to work after several weeks. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】recovery
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她的身体很快就恢复了，几周后就回去工作了。physical是形容词，修饰名词，recover的名词是recovery，意为“恢复”，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填recovery。
52. Worried all the time, I was unable to keep_____(focus) for more than an hour at a time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】focused
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于一直担心，我无法一次集中精力超过一个小时。空处应填形容词作表语，focused“专注的”符合题意，keep focused“保持专注”。故填focused。
53. He received the award in__________（recognize）of his success over the past year. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他因过去一年的成功而获得这个奖项。根据设空前的介词可知，此处填名词作介词的宾语。recognize为动词，意为“认可”，其名词形式为recognition，故填recognition。
54. Computers offer a much greater degree of _____(flexible) in the way work is organized. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】flexibility
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：计算机在组织工作的方式上提供了更大程度的灵活性。空处应填名词作宾语，flexibility“灵活性”符合题意，抽象概念，不可数。故填flexibility。
55. I got into a heated_____(argue) with a friend when we were discussing a math problem. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】argument
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当我们在讨论一个数学问题时，我和一个朋友发生了激烈的争论。句子分析可知设空处在句中作宾语，所给词argue的名词argument“争论”符合句意。故填argument。

第四节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
As we walk the “path of life”, we may wish to be alone with our own thoughts and ideas, because sometimes ___56___(leave) alone may contribute to ___57___(reflect) on ourselves and help to get us improved. However, we can’t live ___58___friendship. Close friendships can especially help smooth out the sometimes ___59___(rock) road that we are all ___60___(mean) to travel. The reason ___61___we must live in social groups is that friendship can provide us ___62___three “fruits”, such as comforting the heart, advising the head and helping us achieve goals.
To begin with, we can get peace by sharing with friends our joy, sadness, success and ___63___(fail). With true friends whom we can depend on, we get opportunities for comfort and ___64___(protect). What’s more, we can have a ___65___(good) understanding and ___66___(judge) through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends. In addition, there are so many things ___67___ can only be achieved with the help of friends, ___68___it is during our life or even after death.
Finally, ___69___ should be pointed that being surrounded by a crowd doesn’t mean you have owned true friends. With the comfort and help from ___70___(trust) friends, we can live a better life.
【答案】56. being left
57. reflecting
58. without
59. rocky 60. meant
61 why 62. with
63. failure
64. protection
65. better 66. judgement
67. that 68. whether 69. it
70 trusted
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了朋友和友谊的重要性。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们走在“人生之路”时，我们可能希望独自面对自己的想法和想法，因为有时独处可能有助于反思自己，帮助我们进步。空处为原因状语从句的谓语动词，应用动名词形式，且leave和暗含的逻辑主语“我们”之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动式being doen。故填being left。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。介词to后用所给词的动名词形式作宾语。故填reflecting。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，我们的生活不能没有友谊。结合下文陈述友谊的重要性可知，此处我们的生活不能“没有”友谊，介词without符合题意。故填without。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：亲密的友谊尤其能帮助我们扫清我们注定要走的坎坷之路。修饰后文名词road应用形容词rocky，表示“坎坷的”。故填rocky。
【60题详解】
考查固定短语。句意同上。be meant to do sth.“注定做某事”是固定短语。故填meant。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我们之所以必须生活在社会群体中，是因为友谊可以给我们提供三种“果实”，如安慰心灵，忠告头脑和帮助我们实现目标。空处引导定语从句，先行词是reason，代替它在从句中作原因状语应用关系副词why。故填why。
【62题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。结合句意表达“给某人提供某物”用provide sb. with sth.。故填with。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：首先，我们可以通过与朋友分享我们的快乐，悲伤，成功和失败来获得平静。空处应填名词和上文joy，sadness，success并列作宾语，failure“失败”是抽象名词，不可数。故填failure。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：有了我们可以依靠的真正的朋友，我们就有机会得到安慰和保护。空处应填名词和comfort并列作宾语，protection“保护”是抽象名词，不可数。故填protection。
【65题详解】
考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，我们可以通过与善意和明智的朋友的交谈有更好的理解和判断。根据“with well-meaning and wise friends”可知，此处指和这样的朋友交谈后会有更好的理解，应用good的比较级。故填better。
【66题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。此处应填名词和understanding并列作宾语，judgement“判断”是抽象名词，不可数。故填judgement。
【67题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：除此之外，还有很多事情需要朋友的帮助才能实现，无论是在我们或者或者甚至死后。空处引导定语从句，先行词是things，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词，there be句型中先行词指物时，关系代词通常用that。故填that。
【68题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意同上。结合句子结构和句意可知，此处用whether...or...“无论……还……”引导让步状语从句。故填whether。
【69题详解】
考查it作形式主语。句意：最后，应该指出的是，被一群人包围并不意味着你拥有真正的朋友。分析句子可知，that引导的句子是句子的主语，此处用it作形式主语。故填it。
【70题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有了值得信赖的朋友的安慰和帮助，我们可以过上更好的生活。结合句意，此处应用形容词trusted“值得信赖的”，修饰名词friends。故填trusted。
第四部分 应用文
71. 假定你是李华，是某青少年杂志专栏的一名编辑。你收到一封来自读者Frank的邮件，他说他的父母整天忙于工作，对他不够关爱，他感到焦虑与孤独，向你寻求帮助。请你根据要点提示给Frank回一封电子邮件，提出你的建议。
要点：1、真诚沟通，表达诉求
2、理解父母，学会独立
要求：1、词数100左右
2、不要逐条翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Frank,
I understand your feelings. You do need the support and love from your parents—after all, you are still a teenager. But don’t be unhappy. Try the following suggestions and see if they help.
First talk to your parents sincerely and tell them you are in need of their love, which can help you get rid of loneliness and stress. Second, try to understand your parents. Maybe it is a fact that they are busy with their work, or they have to work hard to support the family. More importantly, you are not a child any more and you should learn to be independent.
I hope you’ll find my advice helpful. I wish you all the best.
Yours’
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给Frank回一封邮件，就父母对他不够关爱，他感到焦虑与孤独的情况给出自己的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestion→advice/tip
理解：understand→comprehend
忙于：be busy with→be occupied with
有用的：helpful→useful
2.句式拓展
同义句转化
原句： First, talk to your parents sincerely and tell them you are in need of their love, which can help you get rid of loneliness and stress.拓展句： First, talk to your parents sincerely, telling them you are in need of their love, which can help you get rid of loneliness and stress.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, talk to your parents sincerely and tell them you are in need of their love, which can help you get rid of loneliness and stress.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Maybe it is a fact that they are busy with their work, or they have to work hard to support the family. （运用了that引导主语从句）