2022-2023学年宁夏中卫中学高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年宁夏中卫中学高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版），共24页。

宁夏中卫中学2022-2023学年第一学期
高一年级期末综合考试英语试卷
(总分：150分 考试时间：120分钟)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷
第一部分听力(共两节，20 个小题，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman suggest doing?
A. Seeing a play. B. Going on a diet. C. Having some ice cream.
2. What did the boy forget yesterday?
A. His ruler. B. His glasses. C.His schoolbag.
3. What will the woman do this afternoon?
A. Go to the park. B. Take pictures. C. Attend a class.
4. What are the speakers probably talking about?
A. A handbag. B. A dress. C. A phone.
5. How does the man usually travel?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6.Why can’t the speakers go to the zoo?
A.It isn’t open. B. They can’t afford it. C.It has moved away
7.What have the speakers decided to do?
A. Stay at home. B. Go horse-riding. C..Go to the movies.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Old teammates. B. Teacher and student. C. Former classmates.
9. What is the woman more interested in now?
A. Playing tennis. B. Playing the piano. C. Playing basketball.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10-12 题。
10. Which subject does the boy probably prefer?
A. History. B. Politics. C. Art.
11. What do the girl’s parents expect her to be?
A. A restaurant manager. B. A politician. C. A teacher.
12. What is the girl good at?
A. Dealing with people. B.Working with kids. C. Painting pictures.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13-16 题。
13. What information can visitors learn about in the museum?
A. Different trees. B. Wild birds. C. The weather.
14. When did the woman visit the museum?
A. Last Thursday. B. Last Saturday. C. Last Sunday.
15. How long did it take the woman to get back home from the museum?
A. About 15 minutes. B. About 20 minutes. C. About 30 minutes.
16. Who can get free access to the museum?
A. One under 15. B. One under 17. C. One under 18.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17-20 题。
17. What did the speaker do yesterday morning?
A. She watched a play.
B. She visited an old theater.
C.She went to a fishing village.
18. What did the speaker visit during the guided tour?
A. A palace. B. The ruins of a library. C. The sea.
19. Where did the speaker have lunch yesterday?
A. Beside a waterfall. B. Next to a lake. C. In a village.
20. What did the speaker think of his trip to the carpet factory?
A. Dull. B. Unforgettable. C. Fantastic.
第二部分阅读理解(满分40分)
第一节(共 15 个题，每小题 2 分， 满分 30分)
A
Are you ready for a FIFA World CupTM like no other?

With Qatar playing host to the first FIFA World CupTM ever in the Arab world, a unique and extraordinary stage has been created for the teams, the players and, of course, you the fans. Explore the individual elements of your FIFA World CupTM here, which we hope you enjoy during your time in Qatar.
Official Mascot (吉祥物) of the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022TM
It’s me! La’eebTM
Welcome to my page! La’eebTM is my name―an Arabic word, meaning super-skilled player―and I love the beautiful game. I also love supporting, and not just from the stands. I love supporting all of you who have a vision, work hard and aim to achieve your dreams!
FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022TM Official Soundtrack (原声带)
A symbol of how music―and football―can unite the world
A multi-song collection, featuring international artists across a variety of musical genres delivering a smash hits, sets the tone for a truly global celebration at the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022TM.
Check out the catchy and uplifting songs that make up the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022TM Official Soundtrack here:
● Hayya Hayya (Better Together)―Trinidad Cardona, Davido, and Aisha
● Arhbo―Ozuna featuring GIMS
● Light the Sky―Rahma, Balgees, Nora and Manal
● Dreamers―Fahad Al Kubaisi and Jung Kook(BTS)
Official Poster
Hayya to Qatar 2022TM
The Official Poster is on display at Hamad International Airport, where it will remain at Gate DI8 throughout the FIFA World Cup 2022TM. Everyone will have the chance to see the poster as they travel from and transit through Qatar.
1. Which of the following is not true about the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022TM?
A. The Arab world has never held FIFA World Cup TM before
B. The official Mascot of the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022TM is La’eeb
C. It shows us that music and football can unite the world.
D. The Official Poster will be on display at Gate DI7 of Hamad International Airport.
2. What can we know about FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022TM Official Soundtrack?
A. The official soundtrack consists of more than four songs.
B. Rahma, Davido, Nora and Manal jointly composed Light the Sky.
C. The soundtrack is made up of several attractive and inspiring songs.
D. Arabian singers across different musical genres are more popular.
3. Where can we find the text?
A. In a book B. On a website C. In a newspaper D. In a magazine
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了卡塔尔世界杯的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The Official Poster is on display at Hamad International Airport, where it will remain at Gate DI8 throughout the FIFA World Cup 2022TM. Everyone will have the chance to see the poster as they travel from and transit through Qatar.”（官方海报在哈马德国际机场展出，在2022年卡塔尔世界杯期间，它将一直保留在DI8号登机口。每个人在从卡塔尔出发或过境时都有机会看到这幅海报。）可知，关于2022卡塔尔世界杯官方海报将在哈马德国际机场D17号门展出是错误的信息，ABC项都符合原文实意。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据A symbol of how music―and football―can unite the world下的“Check out the catchy and uplifting songs that make up the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022TM Official Soundtrack here:”（点击此处查看构成FIFA卡塔尔世界杯2022官方配乐的朗朗上口、令人振奋的歌曲：）以及下文列举的四首歌曲可知，关于卡塔尔世界杯2022官方配乐，我们知道配乐由几首吸引人、鼓舞人心的歌曲组成。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意，特别是A symbol of how music―and football―can unite the world下的“Check out the catchy and uplifting songs that make up the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022TM Official Soundtrack here:”（点击此处查看构成FIFA卡塔尔世界杯2022TM官方配乐的朗朗上口、令人振奋的歌曲：）可推知，我们可能在网站上找到这篇文章。故选B项。
B
One night, as I was driving down the road, I found something was sitting in the middle of the road. A few seconds later, I realized I was looking at a large turtle (海龟). Afraid of it being crashed by cars, so I pulled over, ran across the road and dragged the turtle to safety. But I’d made one big mistake.
I had heard that the best way to pick up a turtle without hurting it was picking it by the tail in order not to get bitten. So I’d made that big mistake. While the turtle turned out OK generally, I was determined to figure out how to move a turtle properly. I needed to find someone who dealt with turtles. I found the Ontario Turtle Conservation Centre. I talked to Dr. Sue, its Executive and Medical Director.
Dr. Sue told me that the organization dealt with a number of aspects of turtle conservation, including rescue, settlement, birth programs, research, and education. Sue explained that southern Ontario is home to a vast majority of turtles in Canada, but is also one of the vastest road networks of the country.
“Ninety percent of injured turtles brought in are caused by cars. These turtles spend a lot of time on land. And they do travel many kilometers on land for a variety of reasons, to find a nesting spot, or to hang out for the summer or winter. Turtles know where they want to go. So, just keep them going in the direction they want to go and you may have saved a turtle’s life,” Dr. Sue said.
Once an injured turtle arrives at the center, there are medical facilities (设备) ready to go, including an X-ray machine. That’s when the team gets to work with healing injuries, and help their patient.
4. Why did the author stop the car?
A. To help the turtle.
B. To see the thing clearly.
C. To prevent a car accident.
D. To find something good.
5. What happened to the turtle?
A. It got hurt by people previously.
B. It was injured a little bit.
C. It was run over by a car.
D. It lost its direction.
6. What did Dr. Sue suggest at last?
A. Leaving the turtles alone.
B. Making Ontario home to turtles.
C. Changing the road conditions.
D. Helping turtles find nesting spots.
7. What does the underlined word “patient” refer to in the last paragraph?
A. The director. B. The driver. C. The author. D. The turtle.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在开车时发现了一只海龟，在帮助它时却伤害了它，所以作者决定向专业人士请教如何正确地帮助海龟的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“A few seconds later, I realized I was looking at a large turtle (海龟). Afraid of it being crashed by cars, so I pulled over, ran across the road and dragged the turtle to safety.”（几秒钟后，我意识到自己看到的是一只大海龟。我害怕它被汽车撞坏，所以我把车停在路边，跑过马路，把乌龟拖到安全的地方。）可知，作者停车是为了帮助海龟，故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“I had heard that the best way to pick up a turtle without hurting it was picking it by the tail in order not to get bitten. So I’d made that big mistake.”（我听说，捡起乌龟而不伤到它的最好方法是抓住它的尾巴，这样就不会被咬伤。所以我犯了那个大错误。）可推知，海龟因为作者的错误操作而受伤了。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Turtles know where they want to go. So, just keep them going in the direction they want to go and you may have saved a turtle’s life.”（海龟知道它们想去哪里。所以，只要让它们朝着它们想去的方向走，你就可能救了一只海龟的命。）可知，Sue博士最后建议不要干涉海龟，故选A。
7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“Dr. Sue told me that the organization dealt with a number of aspects of turtle conservation”（Sue博士告诉我，该组织处理海龟保护的许多方面）和最后一段的“Once an injured turtle arrives at the center, there are medical facilities (设备) ready to go, including an X-ray machine.”（一旦受伤的海龟到达该中心，就会有包括X光机在内的医疗设施准备就绪。）可知，一旦受伤的海龟到达海龟保护中心，这里已经准备好了医疗设施，医务人员就可以帮助他们的病人疗伤。由此可推知，此处的画线词patient指的是受伤的海龟。故选D。
C
Breathing is something you do all day long, without even thinking about it. However, you might be doing it wrong. Research shows that the way you breathe affects the amount of oxygen (氧气) you take in，as well as how you think and feel.
So which is it? Do you breathe through your nose or your mouth? Some health experts recommend people breathe in through the nose and out through their mouth. Others say that people should just focus on breathing easily, paying no attention to their mouth or nose preference. But mouth breathing has also been connected with bad breath, high blood pressure and bad teeth.
Nose breathing may improve how memories are stabilized (稳定) in our brains, according to Swedish researchers. During the study, participants smelled 12 different smells and they were asked to breathe either through their nose or mouth for an hour afterwards. Then, they were presented with the original set of smells and a new set. Those who smelled with their nose remembered the smells better.
A research team recognized the differences in brain activity that happened when seven epilepsy (癫痫) patients breathed through the nose or through the mouth. The team found three areas of the brain where activity is connected with breathing. These areas showed more changes in brain activity only when volunteers breathed in through their noses.
So, should people breathing through the mouth change their breathing habits? If you’re happy with the way you breathe and you aren’t experiencing any health problems, be yourself and just keep your own way. But if you think it might be time for a change, focus on breathing through your nose until it becomes a habit. It might help you survive an emergency.
8. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Your life style. B. How you breathe.
C. How you think and feel. D. The oxygen you take in.
9. What did Swedish researchers find?
A. Nose breathing may improve memory.
B. Mouth breathing causes health problems.
C. People breathing through the nose identify smells difficultly.
D. People breathing through the mouth have a good sense of taste.
10. What is the effect of nose breathing according to the research?
A. It helps one to stay healthy.
B. It cures bad breath and snoring.
C. It makes one’s brain more active.
D. It improves one’s sense of smell.
11. What does the author think of nose breathing?
A. It’s hard to get used to.
B. It’s suitable for everybody.
C. It’s what people have to do.
D. It’s what people can benefit from.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了瑞典研究人员发现，用鼻子呼吸对我们更有好处。
8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Research shows that the way you breathe affects the amount of oxygen (氧气) you take in，as well as how you think and feel.(研究表明，你呼吸的方式会影响你吸入的氧气量，以及你的思维和感觉。)”可知，研究表明，你呼吸的方式会影响你吸入的氧气量，以及你的思维和感觉，画线词后又提到了到底应该用鼻子呼吸还是用嘴呼吸，此处是说那么到底用哪一种呼吸方式呢？由此可知it指的就是前面提到的呼吸方式，故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nose breathing may improve how memories are stabilized (稳定) in our brains, according to Swedish researchers.(瑞典研究人员称，用鼻子呼吸可以提高大脑记忆的稳定性。)”可知，瑞典研究发现鼻子呼吸可以改善记忆力，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The team found three areas of the brain where activity is connected with breathing. These areas showed more changes in brain activity only when volunteers breathed in through their noses.(研究小组发现大脑中有三个区域的活动与呼吸有关。只有当志愿者用鼻子吸气时，这些区域的大脑活动才会发生更多变化。)”可知，研究发现鼻子呼吸使人的大脑更加活跃，故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But if you think it might be time for a change, focus on breathing through your nose until it becomes a habit. It might help you survive an emergency.(但如果你认为是时候做出改变了，那就专注于用鼻子呼吸，直到它成为一种习惯。它可能会帮助你在紧急情况下逃生。)”可知，作者认为鼻子呼吸会让人们从中受益，故选D。
D
Migratory(迁徙的)birds have an unusual ability to locate themselves, finding their way across sometimes thousands of kilometers between seasonal areas. Those migratory birds that travel at night, often alone, are especially impressive.
While it has been known that birds use the earth’s magnetic(磁性的)field for guidance since the 1960s, that exact systems have remained hard to understand. Seeking to understand this sensory secret, researchers looked at a type of protein, cryptochrome 4(CRY4), found in the light-detecting cells in the eyes of robins(知更鸟), and compared its magnetic sensitivity to the CRY4 protein found in two non-migratory birds—chickens and pigeons. Robins are small and much-loved birds,seen as symbols of European winters, which migrate in response to food shortage in the colder months.
In the study, researchers found specific changes associated with the CRY4 protein in rob-ins that may allow them to sense magnetism within their eyes,leading them to think it is likely that robins have a“living compass”, and may be able to “see” the earth’s magnetic field to locate themselves.
The researchers explain that this works through a system by which the protein shows a light-driven chemical reaction that causes the effects that can increase magnetic signals. This happens through a quantum(量子)phenomenon in which an outside magnetic field affects chemical reactions by changing the spin of weakly paired electrons.
The new discovery is exciting for the researchers, offering a window into a sensory world which humans can only imagine,though the researchers advise that further testing of CRY4 in their eyes should be necessary to finally prove whether the birds can sense magnetism.
12. What can we learn about migratory birds from the text?
A. They only migrate at night.
B. They have a good sense of direction.
C. They are puzzled by the magnetic field.
D. They use inner light to find ways at night.
13. What is probably the function of the CRY4 protein in robins according to the study?
A. To warn them of food shortage.
B. To block out signals from the earth.
C. To keep them warm in cold months.
D. To help them sense magnetic properties.
14. What do the researchers of the study think of the new discovery?
A. It hardly makes sense.
B. It contradicts public opinion.
C. It needs to be further proved.
D. It will be applied to lighting system.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Robins’ Eyes May Have a Built-in“Compass”
B. Turning off Lights Can Save Migratory Birds
C. Robins:Migratory Birds with the Best Eyesight
D. Use Protein to Improve Migratory Birds’ Eyesight
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员在知更鸟身上发现了与CRY4蛋白相关的特定变化，这些变化可能使知更鸟能够感知眼睛内的磁性，他们认为知更鸟很可能有一个“活指南针”。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Migratory birds have an unusual ability to locate themselves, finding their way across sometimes thousands of kilometers between seasonal areas. Those migratory birds that travel at night, often alone, are especially impressive.”（候鸟有一种不寻常的定位能力，有时在季节性地区之间穿越数千公里找到自己的路。那些在夜间独自旅行的候鸟尤其令人印象深刻。）可知，从文章中我们能了解到候鸟有很好的方向感。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In the study, researchers found specific changes associated with the CRY4 protein in rob-ins that may allow them to sense magnetism within their eyes, leading them to think it is likely that robins have a “living compass”, and may be able to “see” the earth’s magnetic field to locate themselves.”（在这项研究中，研究人员在知更鸟身上发现了与CRY4蛋白相关的特定变化，这些变化可能使知更鸟能够感知眼睛内的磁性，这让他们认为知更鸟很可能有一个“活指南针”，并且可能能够“看到”地球磁场来定位自己。）可知，根据这项研究，CRY4蛋白在知更鸟体内的功能可能是帮助它们感知磁性。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The new discovery is exciting for the researchers, offering a window into a sensory world which humans can only imagine, though the researchers advise that further testing of CRY4 in their eyes should be necessary to finally prove whether the birds can sense magnetism.”（这项新发现让研究人员感到兴奋，为人类只能想象的感官世界提供了一扇窗口，尽管研究人员建议，有必要进一步测试它们眼睛中的CRY4，以最终证明鸟类是否能感知磁力。）故可推知，对于这项新发现，研究人员认为需要进一步的证明。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第三段“In the study, researchers found specific changes associated with the CRY4 protein in rob-ins that may allow them to sense magnetism within their eyes, leading them to think it is likely that robins have a “living compass”, and may be able to “see” the earth’s magnetic field to locate themselves.”（在这项研究中，研究人员在知更鸟身上发现了与CRY4蛋白相关的特定变化，这些变化可能使知更鸟能够感知眼睛内的磁性，这让他们认为知更鸟很可能有一个“活指南针”，并且可能能够“看到”地球磁场来定位自己。）和最后一段“The new discovery is exciting for the researchers, offering a window into a sensory world which humans can only imagine, though the researchers advise that further testing of CRY4 in their eyes should be necessary to finally prove whether the birds can sense magnetism.”（这项新发现让研究人员感到兴奋，为人类只能想象的感官世界提供了一扇窗口，尽管研究人员建议，有必要进一步测试它们眼睛中的CRY4，以最终证明鸟类是否能感知磁力。）可知，文章主要讲的是研究人员在知更鸟身上发现了与CRY4蛋白相关的特定变化，这些变化可能使知更鸟能够感知眼睛内的磁性，他们认为知更鸟很可能有一个“活指南针”。故文章最好的标题是“知更鸟的眼睛可能有内置的‘指南针’”。故选A项。
第二节(共 5 个题，每小题 2 分，满分 10分)
Do you sweat, chew your pencil, and feel butterflies in your stomach as your teacher hands out a test? A lot of people get upset when it's time to take a test. ____16____ In fact, sometimes a little stress is a good thing for you.
Here are some tips for taking tests:
____17____ It sounds like a no-brainer (不用动脑的事)，but if you’re sure of the information ,you'll have less reason to be worried.
Get enough sleep the night before the test. ____18____ In a scientific study, people who got enough sleep before taking a math test did better than those who stayed up all night studying.
____19____ Once you have the test paper in front of you, read over the entire test, checking out how long it is and all the parts that you are expected to complete. This will allow you to estimate (估计) how much time you have for each part and ask the teacher any questions. If something seems unclear before you start, don't worry: ask.
Relax. ____20____ Of course you can't get up and move around in the middle of a test, but you can wiggle (扭动) your fingers and toes, take four or five deep breaths, or picture yourself on a beach or some calm place.
These tips should help most people, but some can get serious test taking error. If you're one of t hem, you may need to talk to a parent or teacher for help.
A. Read the test through first.
B. Be sure you've studied properly.
C. Focus on dealing with each question personally.
D. It's natural to feel some stress about taking tests.
E. Your memory will be much better if you've had enough rest.
F. As the teacher hands out the test, be sure you know what's expected of you.
G. If you're so nervous that you can't think of anything, you might need a minibreak.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. E 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些应对考试压力的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“A lot of people get upset when it's time to take a test.(很多人在考试的时候都会感到不安)”和下文“In fact, sometimes a little stress is a good thing for you. (事实上，有时有点压力对你是一件好事)”可知，很多人在考试前都会有压力，考试时感到压力是很自然的事情。D项：It's natural to feel some stress about taking tests.(考试时感到压力是很自然的)符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“It sounds like a no-brainer (不用动脑的事)，but if you’re sure of the information ,you'll have less reason to be worried.(这听起来像是一个无需动脑筋的问题，但如果你对信息很确定，你就没有理由担心)”可知，本段主要讲述了要好好学习。B项中的“you've studied properly”和下文中“you’re sure of the information”对应。B项：Be sure you've studied properly.(确保你已经好好学习了)符合语境。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据段落主题句“Get enough sleep the night before the test. (考试前一晚要保证充足的睡眠)”可知，本段主要讲述要保证充足的睡眠，E项中的“you've had enough rest”与“Get enough sleep”对应。E项：Your memory will be much better if you've had enough rest.(如果你休息够了，你的记忆力会好得多)符合语境。故选E。
【19题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Once you have the test paper in front of you, read over the entire test, checking out how long it is and all the parts that you are expected to complete.(当你拿到试卷后，通读整个试卷，看看试卷有多长，以及你需要完成的所有部分)”可知，本段主要讲述要通读试卷，A项中的“Read the test through”与“read over the entire test ”对应。A项：Read the test through first.(先通读试卷)符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据“Relax.(放松)”和下文中“Of course you can't get up and move around in the middle of a test, but you can wiggle your fingers and toes, take four or five deep breaths, or picture yourself on a beach or some calm place. (当然，你不能在考试中途站起来四处走动，但你可以扭动你的手指和脚趾，做四五次深呼吸，或者想象自己在海滩或其他平静的地方)”介绍的具体放松方法，可知，本段主要告诉我们要学会放松，紧张的时候可以休息一下。G项：If you're so nervous that you can't think of anything, you might need a minibreak.(如果你紧张到什么都想不起来，你可能需要休息一下)符合语境。故选G。
第三部分完形填空(每小题1.5分 共30分)
Jim and his brother lived on the 80th level. When coming home one day, to their ___21___, the lifts were not working and they had to ___22___the stairs.
After reaching the 20th level, breathless and tired, they decided to ___23___ their bags and come back for them the next day. They climbed ___24___. When they got to the 40th level, Jim’s brother started to ___25___. However, they ___26___ to climb the flights of steps, arguing all the way to the 60th floor.
They then ___27___ that they only had 20 levels more to climb and decided to stop arguing and continue climbing ___28___. They reached their home at long last. Each stood calmly before the door and waited for the other to ___29___ the door. And they realized that the ___30___ were in their bags which were left on the 20th floor.
This story is a reflection(反映) of our life. When ___31___, many of us are asked to do as our parents and teachers expect. We ___32___ get to do the things that we really like and love and are under too much pressure ___33___ by the age of 20, we get tired and decide to ___34___ this load(负担).
Once ___35___ the pressure, we work harder to realize our dreams. But by the time we reach 40 years old, we find it ___36___ to realize them and begin to feel unsatisfied and complain, and ___37___ them. Reaching 60, we realize that we have ___38___cause for complaint any more, and we begin to walk the final stage with ___39___.
So follow your dreams and ___40___ for them carefully, never complain and lose your key, and your dreams will come true one day.
21. A. shame B. surprise C. happiness D. disappointment
22. A. clean B. replace C. fix D. climb
23. A. pack B. leave C. carry D. find
24. A. over B. down C. on D. out
25. A. rest B. complain C. work D. explain
26. A. continued B. refused C. forgot D. demanded
27. A. realized B. advised C. hoped D. agreed
28. A. in order B. in peace C. in turn D. in time
29. A. lock B. answer C. close D. open
30. A. tickets B. books C. keys D. phones
31. A. lonely B. sick C. successful D. young
32. A. always B. rarely C. again D. finally
33. A. only if B. so that C. even if D. as if
34. A. take up B. set up C. give up D. put up
35. A. free of B. tired of C. worried about D. concerned about
36. A. hard B. interesting C. strange D. easy
37. A. accept B. avoid C. share D. lose
38. A. much B. all C. little D. some
39. A. regret B. pleasure C. fear D. danger
40. A. look B. ask C. wait D. prepare
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过两兄弟爬楼梯回家的故事，告诉我们要追随梦想，并为之做准备，不抱怨不放弃，梦想总会实现。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天回家时，让它们失望的是，电梯不运行了，他们不得不爬楼梯。A. shame害羞；B. surprise吃惊；C. happiness高兴；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的the lifts were not working可知此处用“失望”符合语境，故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. clean打扫；B. replace代替；C. fix修理；D. climb爬。根据上文的the lifts were not working可知此处用“爬楼梯”符合语境，且下文的they ___6___ to climb the flights of steps也有暗示，climb是原词复现，故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到达20层之后，他们气喘吁吁，累得不行，所以决定把包留在原地，第二天再来取。A. pack打包；B. leave把…留在某地；C. carry携带；D. find发现。结合上下文可知，此处是指他们把包留在20层，这样可以稍微轻松点，且下文的which were left on the 20th floor.也有暗示，leave是原词复现，故选B项。
24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们向上爬。A. over在…上；B. down向下；C. on 在…上，上面；D. out外面。根据下文的When they got to the 40th level可知此处用“向上爬”符合语境，故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们到第40层时，吉姆的兄弟开始抱怨。A. rest休息；B. complain抱怨；C. work工作；D. explain解释。根据下文的arguing all the way to the 60th floor.可知此处用“抱怨”符合语境，且下文的never complain and lose your key也有暗示，complain是原词复现，故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，他们继续爬，一路争吵到了第60层。A. continued继续；B. refused拒绝；C. forgot忘记；D. demanded要求。根据上文的When they got to the 40th level可知他们“继续爬”然后到了第60层，且下文的decided to stop arguing and continue climbing也有暗示，continue是原词复现，故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他们意识到他们只剩20层了，所以决定停止争吵，平静地往上爬。A. realized意识到；B. advised建议；C. hoped希望；D. agreed同意。结合上下文可知，此处是指他们吵着吵着突然意识到还有20层就到家了，且下文And they realized that the ___10___ were in their bags也有暗示，realize是原词复现，故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. in order按顺序；B. in peace平静地；C. in turn轮流，反过来；D. in time及时。根据上文的decided to stop arguing可知此处用“平静地”符合语境，故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：兄弟二人都冷静地站在门口等着对方开门。A. lock锁；B. answer回应，回答；C. close关；D. open开。结合上下文可知，此处是指他们到家了，要开门进去，故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们意识到钥匙还在放在20层的包里。A. tickets票；B. books书；C. keys钥匙；D. phones电话。结合上下文可知，此处是指开门时发现没钥匙，且下文的never complain and lose your key也有暗示，key是原词复现，故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻时，我们都被要求按照老师和父母的要求去做。A. lonely孤独的；B. sick生病的；C. successful成功的；D. young年轻的。根据下文的by the age of 20和But by the time we reach 40 years old可知是按人的年龄顺序来写的，故此处用“年轻的”符合语境，故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们很少能够做自己喜欢和爱的事情，而且压力很大，因此到20岁时我们就很疲惫然后决定放弃这些负担。A. always总是；B. rarely稀少；C. again再，又；D. finally最后。根据前文的many of us are asked to do as our parents and teachers expect.可知此处用“很少做自己喜欢和爱的事情”符合语境，故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. only if如果；B. so that 因此；C. even if尽管；D. as if好像。结合句意可知，前后部分是因果关系，故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. take up占据，从事；B. set up建立；C. give up放弃；D. put up举起。结合句意可知，此处是指因为压力太大，所以最后决定放弃，故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：一旦没有了压力，我们就很难实现我们的梦想。A. free of免于，没有；B. tired of疲劳；C. worried about担心；D. concerned about关心，担心。结合上下文可知，此处是指放弃了负担就没有了压力，故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，当到了40岁，我们发现要实现梦想很困难，然后开始感到不满，接着开始抱怨，然后丢失他们。A. hard 困难的；B. interesting有趣的；C. strange奇怪的；D. easy容易的。根据下文的feel unsatisfied and complain可知此处用“实现梦想很困难”符合语境，故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. accept接受；B. avoid避免；C. share分享；D. lose丢失。根据下文的never complain and lose your key可知此处用“丢失”符合语境，lose是原词复现，故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：到了60岁，我们发现已经没有多少可以抱怨了，然后带着遗憾走完自己最后的阶段。A. much很多；B. all所有；C. little几乎没有；D. some一些。结合上下文可知，此处是指随着年龄越大，实现梦想的机会就越渺茫，抱怨的东西就越少，故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. regret遗憾； B. pleasure乐趣；C. fear恐惧；D. danger危险。结合上下文可知，此处是指因为没有实现自己的梦想而遗憾，故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，追随你的梦想，并且为他们认真做准备，不要抱怨和丢失自己的钥匙，那么终有一天你的梦想会实现。A. look看这儿；B. ask询问；C. wait等待；D. prepare准备。结合上下文可知，此处是指我们不仅要有梦想，还要为之做准备，梦想才有实现的可能，故选D项。
【点睛】完形填空的解题方法之一是利用复现原则，包括原词复现，同义词复现和反义词复现。本篇很多地方使用了复现原则，例如：
第3小题的答案leave和下文which were left on the 20th floor.的left是原词复现
第5小题的答案complain和下文never complain and lose your key的complain是原词复现
第6小题的答案continued和下文decided to stop arguing and continue climbing的continue是原词复现
第7小题的答案realized和下文And they realized that the ___10___ were in their bags的realized是原词复现
第8小题的答案in peace和上文的decided to stop arguing and continue climbing的arguing是反义词复现
第II卷(非选择题共50分)
第一节单句填空(根据首字母,汉语提示及句意填空)(每小题1分 共15分)
41. Everyone's fingerprints are u________.（根据首字母填空）
【答案】unique;
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。分析句子结构，are为系动词，设空处需填形容词作表语。unique意为“独一无二的”。故填unique。
42. Patience is an important q_____of a happy life. After all, some things are worth waiting for. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】quality##uality
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：耐心是幸福生活的重要品质。毕竟，有些事情是值得等待的。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“品质”，应用名词quality作表语，由an可知，应用单数，故填quality。
43. There are two main c_____in this passage, a small dog and its master. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】characters##haracters
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这篇文章有两个主要角色，一只小狗和它的主人。分析句子可知，设空处谓语形容词main后，作主语，应填名词；结合句意及单词首字母提示可知，此处指主要角色，应用名词character，结合数字two可知，应用复数形式。故填characters。
44. It was a pity that my friend didn’t turn up at the_____(约定的) time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】appointed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：真遗憾，我的朋友没有在约定的时间出现。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词appointed“约定的”作定语修饰time，满足句意要求。故填appointed。
45. Some of you may be_______(不熟悉的) with that word, but you know the feeling very well. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】unfamiliar
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你们中的一些人可能不熟悉这个词，但你们很清楚这种感觉。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词unfamiliar，作表语。故填unfamiliar。
46. You’d better not make_____(评论) on the online news . (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】comments
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你最好不要对网上的新闻发表评论。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词；结合句意及汉语提示可知，此处表示“评论”，可用名词comment，这是一个可数名词，设空处前面没有冠词，故应用复数形式comments，make comments on为固定短语，表示“对……发表评论”。故填comments。
47. Filled with __________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】curiosity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位艺术家充满了好奇心，收拾行囊离开了。作宾语，应用名词curiosity，表抽象概念，不可数。故填curiosity。
48. This_______ (每年的) movement is called migration. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】annual
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这种每年一度的活动被叫作迁徙。根据句子结构及汉语提示可知，此处应填形容词，作定语。表示“每年的”，annual符合题意。故填annual。
49. Her_____(determine) look told us that she would not change her mind.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】determined
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她坚定的表情告诉我们她是不会改变主意的。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词look，应用形容词；determine的形容词形式为determined，表示“坚定的”。故填determined。
50. Scientists have studied the_____(migrate) of birds over long distances in the river. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】migration
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：科学家们研究了鸟类在这条河中的长途迁徙。根据空前定冠词the以及空后的介词of可知，此处为名词形式，和of构成migration of birds“鸟的迁徙”，满足句意要求。故填migration。
51. The girl_____mother is a teacher studies very hard. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：母亲是教师的那个女孩学习很努力。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词whose引导的定语从句，先行词The girl在从句中作mother的定语成分。故填whose。
52. Finally, the thief handed everything_____he had stolen to the police. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最后，小偷把偷来的东西都交给了警察。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词that引导的定语从句，先行词为不定代词everything，在定语从句中作stolen的宾语，所以只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
53. I didn’t believe the reason_____he explained for his being late.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】that##which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不相信他为迟到所解释的理由。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词that/which引导的定语从句中，先行词the reason在从句中作explained的宾语。故填that/which。
54. Finally they got to the top of the mountain,_____stood an old temple. (用适当词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最后他们到了山顶，那里有一座古老的寺庙。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的先行词the top of the mountain，主从句间用逗号隔开，这是一个非限制性定语从句，从句为全部倒装结构，主语为an old temple，故从句中不缺主干成分，结合句意可知，此处指“在山顶上有一座古老的庙宇”，设空处在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
55. The government has already taken steps to speed up a solution_____the problem. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：政府已经采取措施加速解决问题。a solution to a problem是固定用法，意为“一个问题的解决办法”，因此空格处用介词to，故填to。
第二节选词填空(每小题1分共10分)
选词填空
brave the elements thanks to in the lead in advance apply for
look forward to be amazed at/by aim at cut down be related to

56. With only 100 meters to go, Tom is_____, so he is very likely to win the game.
57. I’m _____ seeing his new film as soon as possible.
58. The new marketing project_____changing the way people look at frozen food.
59. So far half of the forest_____to make room for the road.
60. It’s also a good idea to take measures which_____protection of wildlife.
61. _____your timely help, we finished the work just before the deadline.
62. I’d appreciate it if you could let me know _____whether or not you will accept the career.
63. We_____his behaviour.
64. If you want to_____a job at the office where I work, I’ll help you.
65. We sincerely hope that everyone can_____to protect endangered species from extinction(灭绝).
【答案】56. in the lead
57. looking forward to
58. aims at
59. has been cut down
60. are related to
61. Thanks to
62. in advance
63. were amazed at/by
64. apply for
65. brave the elements
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：还有100米，汤姆处于领先地位，所以他很有可能赢得比赛。分析句子可知，设空处位于系动词后，作表语，结合后面的he is very likely to win the game可知，他很可能赢得比赛，说明他处在领先地位。in the lead表示“领先”，符合句意。故填in the lead。
【57题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我期待着尽快看他的新电影。设空处位于be动词后，动名词seeing前，由此可知，设空处与前面的be动词一起构成谓语；结合句意可知，此处表示“期待尽快看到他的新电影”，look forward to表示“期待”，符合句意，此处为现在进行时，应填looking forward to。故填looking forward to。
【58题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这个新的营销项目旨在改变人们对冷冻食品的看法。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词或动词短语；结合句意可知，changing the way people look at frozen food是新的营销项目的目的，此处表示“新的营销项目旨在改变人们对冷冻食品的看法”，aim at表示“针对、瞄准、目的在于……”，符合语境，此处是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语动词也用单数。故填aims at。
【59题详解】
考查固定短语和动词时态语态。句意：到目前为止，为了给这条路腾出地方，一半的森林已经被砍伐了。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词或动词短语；结合句意可知，此处表示“一半的森林已经被砍了”，cut down表示“削减、砍倒”，符合句意；主语为half of forest，与cut down之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语so far可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态has been done结构，主语为单数，故谓语也用复数。故填has been cut down。
【60题详解】
考查固定短语和主谓一致。句意：采取与保护野生动物有关的措施也是一个好主意。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意可知，后面的从句在修饰前面的名词measures，这是一个定语从句，表示“与保护野生动物相关的措施”，be related to表示“与……相关的”，符合句意，根据主句谓语动词时态可知，此处应用一般现在时，先行词measures为复数形式，故定语从句谓语也应用复数形式。故填are related to。
【61题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：多亏了你的及时帮助，我们在最后期限前完成了工作。根据句意可知，前面的your timely help和后面的we finished the work just before the deadline存在因果关系，此处表示“多亏了你的帮忙，我们才能在最后期限前完成工作”，thanks to表示“由于，多亏了”，符合句意，设空处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填Thanks to。
【62题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如果你能提前告诉我你是否接受这份工作，我将不胜感激。根据句意可知，此处表示“提前让我知道”，in advance表示“预先、提前”，符合句意。故填in advance。
【63题详解】
考查固定短语、动词时态及主谓一致。句意：我们对他的行为感到惊讶。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语；结合句意可知，此处应指“我们对他的行为感到惊讶”，be amazed at/by表示“对……感到惊讶”，符合句意；结合句意可知，此处应指过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语为we，复数形式，谓语也需用复数形式。故填were amazed at/by。
【64题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如果你想在我工作的办公室申请一份工作，我会帮助你。分析句子可知，设空处位于to do不定式的标志词to后，应用动词原形；结合句意可知，此处表示“申请工作”，apply for表示“申请”，符合句意。故填apply for。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我们真诚地希望每个人都能勇敢地保护濒临灭绝的物种。分析句子可知，设空处在情态动词can后，应用动词原形；结合句意可知，此处表示“希望每个人都能勇敢地保护濒临灭绝的物种”，brave in elements表示“冒着风雨、不顾天气恶劣”，可引申为勇敢地，符合句意。故填brave the elements。
第三节书面表达(25分)
66. 中卫中学鸣钟文学正就“如何保持友谊”这一话题进行征稿。请你以“How to keep friendship”为题，写一篇英语短文来投稿。内容要点如下：
(1)与朋友保持联系；
(2)互相尊重，诚实以待；
(3)及时帮助朋友。
注意：(1)词数100左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】How to keep friendship
As we all know, friendship plays an important role in our life. If we have a close friend, we can share happiness and worries, which can make us enjoy a much happier life. Since friendship makes a great difference to us, we need to take it seriously and try to keep friendship.
My tips are as follows: Firstly, we should keep in touch with our friends by sending e-mails, writing letters or spending some time together regularly. Secondly, we should respect our friends and be honest with them. In addition, good friends are supposed to help each other when in trouble. Just as the old saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
In a word, if we want to keep friendship, we’d better treat our friends as we want to be treated.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。文章要求考生以“How to keep friendship”为题，写一篇英语短文来投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
众所周知：as we all know → as is known to all
起重要作用：play an important role in → play a significant part in
保持联系：keep in touch with → keep contact with
总之：in a word → to sum up
2.句式拓展
同义句
原句：As we all know, friendship plays an important role in our life.
拓展句：Friendship plays an important role in our life, which is known to us all.
【点睛】【高分句型1】If we have a close friend, we can share happiness and worries, which can make us enjoy a much happier life.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Since friendship makes a great difference to us, we need to take it seriously and try to keep friendship.(运用了since引导的原因状语从句)