中考英语二轮专题复习 阅读理解 政治经济文化类三（含答案）

一、阅读理解（共5题）

1、 I come from Cambridge, a beautiful city in the east of England. It is on the River Cam and has a population of about 120, 000. My home town is especially famous for its university. Many famous people studied here, such as Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin. There are lots of old buildings and churches to visit. Students and tourists enjoy trips along the river by boat.

Cambridge is 80 kilometers from London. London is in the south of England and it is on the River Thames. It has a population of about; seven and a half million, so it is bigger and busier than Cambridge. It is about 2, 000 years old, and it is famous for Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and Tower Bridge.

England itself is part of an island, and you are always near the sea. The small villages and beaches on the coast are popular for holidays. Tourists like the areas of low mountains and beautiful lakes in the north, and the hills and pretty villages in the south. Everywhere in England, you will notice how green the countryside is.

It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter. So come and see England any time of the year, but bring an umbrella with you. It rains a lot all year round. You will need it most days.

31. Cambridge is   .

A. in the east of England      B. in the south of England

C. on the River Thames         D. far from the River Cam

32. How many examples of famous people are mentioned in the passage?

A. One.       B. Two.       C. Three.     D. Four.

33. What can we know about Cambridge and London?

A. Cambridge is much busier than London.

B. London is 2 000 kilometers from Cambridge.

C. Cambridge has more famous buildings than London.

D. London has a much bigger population than Cambridge.

34. Tourists like    in the south of England.

A. the churches          B. the low mountains

C. the pretty villages         D. the beautiful lakes

35. It is    in England.

A. very hot in summer       B. very cold in winter

C. not very cold in winter        D. not rainy all year round

2、 In the eyes of many foreigners , Chinese are the best hosts（主人）and the worst guests in the world. They’re not really bad guests, but because the guest-host relationship in China is much different than in some western countries, it appears they are not nice guests. And western guests sometimes look rude（粗鲁的）in the eyes of Chinese guests.

In China, guests are almost like gods. Whenever I enter a Chinese person’s home, there is always fruit on the table for me, and someone is quick to bring me a cup of tea or water. In the west, generally the guest is not a god. Acting according to the host’s way of doing things is usual behavior for a guest.

My wife’s mother, a very kind elderly Chinese lady, doesn’t smoke. When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a non-smoker, I feel unhappy. Usually I want to stop them directly, but I must realize that in China, to be a good host, she must not do that. In most North American homes, if you are a guest, and the hosts are not smokers, you should not smoke in their house. At the very least, you could ask, “Is it OK if I smoke?” But, don’t be surprised if they say, “No, you can’t smoke.” In our culture, if you smoke in their home, you are a bad guest, but if they don’t allow you to smoke in their house, they are not a rude host.

Guests in China also have special habits. Some western people may not adapt to these habits very soon. Thankfully my wife is Chinese, so whenever we visit a Chinese family she tells me to buy them a gift. However, giving a gift to a host is not always necessary in my country. So, if you invite international guests to your home, don’t be too surprised if they don’t bring you a gift.

In China, you probably won’t need to change the guest-host relationship very much because you will probably only be the host, and Chinese are naturally very good hosts. If western hosts invite you to their house, try not to be too surprised if their style of treating you is not what you have expected.

36. Many foreigners think that Chinese hosts are the ______ in the world.

A．best    .          B．worst

C．most natural       D．most difficult

37. When a western guest visits a Chinese family , he often ______ .

A．buys some fruit                          B．feels like a god

C．wants some gifts                     D．takes a cup of tea

38. If the writer’s guests want to smoke in his house , what will he probably say?

A．It’s OK if you smoke here.             B．Let’s smoke together.

C．Sorry , you can’t smoke here.               D．Smoking is a bad habit.

39. What is the meaning of the underlined phrase “ adapt to ” in the passage?

A．Think back to.        B．Get used to.

C．Look forward to.      D．Keep close to.

40. What is the main idea of this passage?

A．Foreigners should learn from Chinese.                B．Hosts must do things in the guests’ way.

C．Western hosts are always nice to guests.             D．People should understand cultural differences.

3、 Kwanzaa is a celebration of African American history and culture. It begins on December 26th and continues until New Year's Day, January 1st.

During the festival, a family member, usually the youngest child, lights candles in a special candle holder. Each night a candle is lit. Traditionally there are three green candles, three red candles and a central black candle. They represent the seven Kwanzaa principles (原则). The principles are believed to play a big role in building strong, successful families, neighborhoods, etc. In the evenings, adults share stories and explain how to follow the seven principles in daily life. On the sixth day, which falls on New Year's Eve, family and friends get together to enjoy a large meal.

Kyle, a third grader, wrote this about Kwanzaa, “When we celebrate Kwanzaa, we have many people at home, light the candles, and have a nice dinner. We learn the meaning of Kwanzaa and remember family members. We say something good about them. Last year, we remembered my grandmother.”

In 1966, Dr. Karenga created Kwanzaa. He was studying the history of Africa at that time. Dr. Karenga wanted to create a holiday to bring African Americans together and celebrate their history and culture. He called the holiday “Kwanzaa”. In fact, the name comes from an African language, and it means “first fruits of the harvest (收获季节)”.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

36．How long does the festival of Kwanzaa last every year?

A．Two days.     B．Three days.   C．Five days.    D．Seven days.

37．What color are the candles?

A．Green, black and red.       B．Green, white and red.

C．Green, black and white.     D．Black, white and red.

38．What does the underlined word “represent” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?

A．决定    B．展示    C．维护    D．代表

39．Who did Kyle remember during Kwanzaa last year?

A．His aunt.          B．His father.

C．His grandmother.      D．His grandfather.

40．Which of the following is TRUE about Kwanzaa?

A．It has a history of about 100 years.

B．Its name comes from an African language.

C．It is to celebrate the good harvest of the year.

D．During the festival, there's a big family dinner each night.

4、 Meiyu, born in 1995, is from Turkey（土耳其）. She is the youngest child of her family. After high school，many people learned English or Japanese，but Meiyu decided to learn Chinese in university. She learned Chinese for four years in Ankara University in Turkey，and got her name Meiyu there.

Meiyu fell in love with Chinese after going to university. She became more interested after she knew more about Chinese history. She graduated(毕业) from Ankara University in 2017. Since then，more Chinese have been visiting Turkey. The trade between the two countries also needs Chinese﹣speaking people. "Speaking Chinese means more job opportunities" said Meiyu.

Now Meiyu has been in Wuhan，China for about two years. Besides going on studying Chinese,  she shows great interest in Chinese kung fu as well，so she spends her free time on kung fu training with her coaches. Not only can kung fu help improve(改善) her health，but she is also interested in the history and culture behind it. Meiyu said，"The more I know about China，the luckier I feel to have been here. But the truth is that fun and pain go together in the process of learning. "

In the future, Meiyu decides to go back to Turkey to teach more students to learn Chinese.

41. Where did Meiyu learn Chinese at first?

A. In China.     B. In Turkey.    C. In India.     D. In Australia.

42. How old was Meuyu when she graduated from Ankara University in 2017?

A. 22.     B. 25.     C. 27.     D. 18.

43. What’s probably the meaning of the word "opportunities" in this passage?

A. Decisions.    B. Orders.    C. Meanings.     D. Chances.

44. Why does Meiyu spend her free time on kung fu training with her coaches？

A. Because she shows great interest in Chinese kung fu.

B. Because she has to learn kung fu to graduate.

C. Because she wants to teach kung fu in Turkey.

D. Because she wants to take part in kung fu competitions.

45. What can you learn from the passage?

A. Meiyu is the only child of her family.

B. Meiyu is not interested in Chinese now.

C. Chinese culture has greatly influenced Meiyu.

D. Meiyu decides to stay in China in the future.

5、 Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the local people of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the local people become unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy(经济). It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance(推进) the well-being (health and happiness) of local people.

Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.

On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a lot of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first-class roads and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel will lose money.

Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.

1．What is probably the reason if local people dislike tourists?

A. Tourists come to enjoy the customs and beauty. 

B. Local people lose jobs.

C. A lot of hotels are built.        

D. Too many tourists cause traffic problems.

2．What can we do to solve the problems caused by tourism?

A. Make plans properly.                 

B. Help the country’s economy.

C. Build fewer hotels.         

D. Advance the well-being of local people.

3．If tourism grows too quickly, ___________.

A. businesses will lose money   

B. other parts of the country’s economy will make more money

C. local people will be happier   

D. more local people will work for tourists. 

4．Support facilities needed by tourist attractions includes ___________.

①public places  ②hotels  ③airports  ④roads  ⑤electricity   ⑥sewers  

A. ①②③④⑤       B. ②③④⑤⑥       C. ①②③⑤⑥       D. ①③④⑤⑥

5．If the writer wants to add Paragraph 5 to the passage, he may tell us ________.

A. whether people need to build more hotels   

B. whether people need to plan tourism properly

C. how to deal with the problems above    

D. how to prevent tourism growing too quickly 

============参考答案============

一、阅读理解

1、 【文章大意】短文介绍了英国剑桥和伦敦两座城市。剑桥以大学而闻名，许多著名的人在这里学习，有许多古老的建筑和教堂值得参观。伦敦在英国南部，人口750万，大约有2000年的历史，以大本钟、白金汉宫和塔桥而闻名。英国是个岛国，风景优美，气候宜人，是旅游度假的好去处。

31. A细节理解题。根据短文开头的句子“I come from Cambridge, a beautiful city in the east of England.”可知，剑桥是英国东部一座美丽的城市。故答案为A。

32. B细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子“Many famous people studied here, such as Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin.” 许多著名的人在这里学习，如艾萨克牛顿和查尔斯达尔文。可知文章中列举了两个名人，故答案为B。

33. D细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子“It is on the River Cam and has a population of about 120, 000.”可知，剑桥有12万人；根据第二段中的句子“It has a population of about; seven and a half million, so it is bigger and busier than Cambridge.”可知，伦敦有大约750万人口，因此说伦敦的人口比剑桥多得多。故答案选D。

34. C细节理解题。根据文中句子“Tourists like the areas of low mountains and beautiful lakes in the north, and the hills and pretty villages in the south.”游客喜欢北部的低山、美丽的湖泊，以及南部的丘陵和美丽的村庄。故答案为C。

35. C细节理解题。根据短文最后一段中的句子“It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter.” 在英国夏天不是太热，冬天也不太冷。故答案选C。

2、 【短文大意】短文大意：作者以自己在中国做客为例，介绍了中国和西方国家不同的待客之道，指出人们应该理解不同文化间的差异。

36．A 题意：许多外国人认为中国是世界上   东道主。考查细节理解题。根据In the eyes of many foreigners, Chinese are the best hosts and the worst guests in the world. 在许多外国人眼里，中国人是世界上最好的主人和最差的客人，可知选A。

37．B 题意：当一位西方客人拜访中国家庭时，他常常   。考查细节理解题。根据In China, guests are almost like gods. 在中国客人就像神一样，可知选B。

38．C 题意：如果作者的客人想在他家里抽烟，他可能会说什么？   考查细节理解题。根据When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a non-smoker, I feel unhappy. Usually I want to stop them directly,，可知想直接阻止他们，故选C。

39．B 题意：文中划线短语“adapt to”是什么意思？   考查词义理解题。根据Thankfully my wife is Chinese, so whenever we visit a Chinese family she tells me to buy them a gift.，可知别的外国人不太适应，故选B。

40．D 题意：这篇文章的主旨是什么？   考查细节理解题。A. Foreigners should learn from Chinese.外国人应该向中国人学习。B. Hosts must do things in the guest’s way.主人必须以客人的方式做事。C. Western hosts are always nice to guests.西方主人对客人总是很友好。D. People should understand cultural differences.人们应该理解文化差异。根据短文内容，介绍的是中国和西方国家不同的待客之道，结合文章最后If western hosts invite you to their house, try not to be too surprised if their style of treating you is not what you have expected.（如果西方主人邀请你去他们家做客，如果他们对待你的方式不是你所期望的，不要太惊讶），可知作者认为人们应该理解不同文化间的差异，故选D。

3、 【文章大意】宽扎节是对非裔美国人历史和文化的庆祝日。它从12月26日开始持续到新年1月1日。本文介绍了宽扎节的来历以及庆祝方式。

36. D推理判断题。根据It begins on December 26th and continues until New Year's Day, January 1st.可知它从12月26日开始持续到新年1月1日。也就是其间有7天。故选D。

37. A细节理解题。根据Traditionally there are three green candles, three red candles and a central black candle.可知蜡烛有绿色、红色和黑色。故选A。

38. D词义判断题。根据Traditionally there are three green candles, three red candles and a central black candle.可知一共有7支蜡烛，根据the seven Kwanzaa principles.可知有7项原则，可推断他们是一一对应的，因此一支蜡烛代表一种原则，因此这个单词为“代表”的意思。故选D。

39. C细节理解题。根据Last year, we remembered my grandmother.可知去年，他们想起来他们的外婆。这句话是Kyle说的。故选C。

40. B细节理解题。根据In 1966, Dr. Karenga created Kwanzaa.可知宽扎节是1966年创立的，到现在不到100年，A选项是错误的；根据In fact, the name comes from an African language…可知宽扎节名字来源于非洲语言，B选项是正确的；根据…bring African Americans together and celebrate their history and culture.可知宽扎节是为了庆祝他们的文化和历史的，C选项是错误的；根据On the sixth day, which falls on New Year's Eve,family and friends get together to enjoy a large meal.可知在第六天的时候他们会一起吃一顿大餐，D选项是错误的。故选B。

4、 【文章大意】梅雨是一个土耳其女孩，在高中时很多同学选择学习英语或日语，但她选择了汉语。当她2017年大学毕业时，随着两国贸易的增多，汉语在土耳其已经需求很大了。现在她在武汉学习汉语，还迷上了中国功夫。未来，梅雨决定回土耳其教学生学习汉语。

41. B细节理解题，根据第一段最后一句＂She learned Chinese for four years in Ankara University in Turkey，and got her name Meiyu there.＂梅雨在士耳其安卡拉大学学习了四年汉语。故答案选B。

42. A数字计算题。根据第一段中的句子＂Meiyu, born in 1995＂以及第二段中的句子＂She graduated(毕业) from Ankara University in 2017.＂梅雨1995年出生，2017年毕业于安卡拉大学（Ankara University）。2017-1995=22，故答案为A。

43. D词义猜测题。A. decisions决定；B. orders命令；C. meanings意思；D. chances机会。根据文中句子＂Since then，more Chinese have been visiting Turkey. The trade between the two countries also needs Chinese﹣speaking people.＂可知，随着更多的中国人来到土耳其和两国贸易的不断增多，需要很多说汉语的人才，因此会说汉语就意味着拥有更多的工作机会，故答案选D。

44. A细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子＂Besides going on studying Chinese, she shows great interest in Chinese kung fu as well，so she spends her free time on kung fu training with her coaches.＂可知，梅雨对中国功夫也很感兴趣，所以她把业余时间花在和教练一起练习中国功夫上。故答案为A。

45. C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的句子＂Not only can kung fu help improve(改善) her health，but she is also interested in the history and culture behind it. Meiyu said，"The more I know about China，the luckier I feel to have been here. But the truth is that fun and pain go together in the process of learning. ＂可知，中国功夫不仅能帮助改善梅雨的健康，而且她也喜欢中国功夫背后的历史和文化，她即使回国，她也要选择汉语教育的工作，可以判断中国文化对她影很大。故答案选C。

5、 1．D

2．A

3．D

4．B

5．C

【解析】这篇短文主要介绍了不经过适当的规划，旅游会带来许多的问题。像交通问题，职业选择问题，以及配套设施问题等。

1．细节理解题。根据短文第一段If tourists create too much traffic, the local people become unhappy.描述，可知如果游客导致交通拥挤，那么当地人会不愉快。故选D。

2．细节理解题。根据第一段Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems.可知，只有制定合理的计划才能解决问题，故选A。

3．细节理解题。根据第三段If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry描述，可知如果旅游发展太快，人们肯定会离开其他的工作去旅游行业工作。故选D。

4．细节理解题。根据第四段Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water.描述，可知建旅馆只是开始，还需要到旅馆的道路，水电，废水处理的下水道等。故选B。

5．归纳理解题。根据短文主要描述的是旅游发展中的问题，故可以推测作者要讲述如何解决这些问题。故选C。