中考英语二轮专题复习 阅读理解 健康类五（含答案）

一、阅读理解（共5题）

1、 Many people want to know how to help kids be fitter. There are some steps only parents can take, but kids can take charge, too. If you, a kid, want to be fit, the following may be useful.

1. Eat a variety of foods, especially fruits and vegetables. You may have a favorite food, but the best choice is to eat a variety. In that case, you're more likely to get the nutrients your body needs. Shoot for at least five servings of fruits and vegetables a day－two fruits and three vegetables.

2. Drink water and milk most often. When you're really thirsty, cold water is the No. 1 thirst­quencher (饮料). And there's a reason your school cafeteria offers cartons of milk. Kids need calcium to grow strong bones, and milk is a great source of this mineral. Aim for 3 cups of milk per day, or its equivalent.

3. Listen to your body. What does it feel like to be full? When eating, notice how your body feels and when your stomach feels comfortably full. Eating too much can make you feel uncomfortable and, over a period of time, can lead to unhealthy weight gain.

4. Limit screen time. Screen time is the amount of time you spend watching TV or DVDs, playing video games, and using the computer. The longer you spend on these sitting­down activities, the less time available for active stuff, like basketball, and swimming. Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time.

5. Be active. One job is to figure out which activities you like best. Not everyone loves baseball or soccer. Maybe your passion is kickball, or dancing. Ask your parents to help you do your favorite activities regularly. Find ways to be active every day.

1．Eating too much for some time will________.

A. help you grow much taller

B. make you feel energetic all the time

C. make you put on much more weight

D. make your bones grow strong

2．Which of the following is most probably taken charge of only by parents?

A. Serving a balanced diet.

B. Limiting screen time.

C. Keeping an active life.

D. Eating a variety of foods.

3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

A. If you don't eat a variety of foods, you may lack nutrients.

B. Water and milk can help kids grow strong bones.

C. Spending less than 2 hours a day before screen may not be harmful.

D. All kids don't love baseball or soccer.

4．The text is mainly written for________.

A. parents             B. teachers

C. doctors          D. children

2、 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

According to Chinese medicine, the body is like a tree that lives through the seasons of nature, and it needs regular energy to stay healthy and prevent illness. The four important bodily organs need special energy in each season. We should eat special food and vegetables to protect them.

The liver, which enriches the blood with energy and cleans the bad things in the body, is replenished in spring time. We'd better eat onions, carrots and some vegetable leaves.

The heart seeks comfort and coolness from the heat in summer. Melons, pumpkins, cucumbers, tomatoes, and many fresh high­water vegetables have a cooling effect and should be eaten.

The lungs often make people suffer from colds, coughs, and sore throats in the dry fall season. They need to be replenished with food such as spinach, bananas, pears, potatoes.

The kidneys are the lowest organs in the body like the roots of a tree. They need protection in winter specially. Replenish the kidneys with vegetables like broccoli, green chard and some other green vegetables.

1．This passage is mainly about ________.

A．eating according to the seasons

B．what is good health

C．how to get enough energy

D．the importance of food

2．Which of the following has a cooling effect?

A．Onions.  B．Tomatoes.

C．Spinach.  D．Broccoli.

3．Which of the following is NOT true?

A．The liver can clean the bad things in your body.

B．Eating fresh high­water vegetables is good for heart in summer.

C．We needn't protect our hearts in winter.

D．The lungs often suffer from coughs in fall.

3、 It is no longer as easy as it once was to choose what to eat. Our eating habits have changed, so has our way of life, and what we need for our bodies is alos different. Traditional diets often have too much fat. So we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat.

  Whe we choose what to buy and eat, we had better think whether the food will give us the nutrients we need. Some nutrients help build our bodies and make them stronger. We eat fish, meat and beans because the nutrient in them is good for our muscles. We choose eggs, milk and other dairy products(奶制品), which are good for our bones and teeth. We eat bread,rice and noodles to get carbohydrats (糖类) from them. We choose vegetables and fruits get Vitamins, fiber and minerals.

 But the choice we make are not just about nutrition(营养). Many today choose what to eat according to their belielfs. Some people become vegetatians(素食者) because they believe it is healthier not to eat meat or they think we should not kill animals for food.

1. It is not easy to choose what to eat nowsdays because _______.

    A. our eating habits have changed  B. our bodies are different

C. our way of life has changed     D. Both A and C

   2. If you want to keep your bones strong and healthy, you had better choose _____to eat.

    A. fish and meat     B. meat and beans

C. eggs and milk  D. vegetables and fruits

   3. What does nutrients mean?

    A. 蛋白质  B. 营养物质  C. 脂肪  D. 钙

   4. Some people don't eat meat because ______.

     A. they don’t like animals    B. they believe animals should be protected

C. they don’t meat    D. they think meat is not safe

  5. We can probably get this inforamtion from a guidebook(指南) _____.

   A. for diets  B. for medicines  C.for travelling  D. for cooking

4、 We spend about one-third of our lives asleep. This may sound like a lot of time，but it is not wasted. Our bodies need sleep to stay healthy. Not getting enough sleep can make us sick.

Sleep and our immune(免疫)system

The immune system protects the body from diseases and infections(传染). Not getting enough sleep hurts this protective system.

The Mayo Clinic is a research hospital in the United States. Its website explains that when we sleep our bodies produce proteins(蛋白质) that support sleep and help us fight infections. They add that infection-fighting antibodies(抗体) are reduced during periods when you don’t get enough sleep.

A new study from the University of Washington in the U.S. seems to confirm this. Dr. Nathaniel Watson was the lead writer of the study. Watson says his study shows that the immune system works best when the body gets enough sleep. For the study，Watson and his team studied 11 pairs of twins. This is an important difference from other sleep studies. Other research did not study twins. Researchers found that the twin who slept less had a weaker immune system.

Watson says his study showed for the first time that a long-term lack(缺乏) of sleep shuts down parts of the immune system. He says parts that move white blood cells around the body are influenced. White blood cells fight infections in the body.

Watson’s study provides more evidence(证据) that sleep is important to“overall health”. And sleep is especially important to immune health.

The researchers published their findings in the magazine Sleep.

How much sleep is enough?

To stay in good health，experts at the Mayo Clinic say that adults should get 7 to 8 hours of sleep. Teenagers need 9 to 10 hours. And school-aged children may need more than 10 hours of sleep a night.

Experts say our sleep becomes poor in our 30s. By the time we reach our 50s，the average person has lost 50 percent of their ability to have a restful sleep. These people also have trouble falling asleep and staying asleep through the night. From middle age on，they say these problems only get worse，and they can influence our health.

Signs you may not be getting enough sleep

●You’re always hungry or you’ve gained weight.

●You have trouble making decisions.

●You have trouble remembering things.

●Your skin doesn’t look good.

●You are having trouble seeing.

1. From the first three paragraphs we know that     .

A. it is a waste to spend about one-third of our lives asleep

B. we’ll become seriously ill if we don’t have enough sleep

C. enough sleep does good to infection-fighting antibodies

D. immune system is protected when people begin to sleep

2. From Watson’s study，we know     .

A. enough sleep helps the immune system work well

B. the study of twins is a kind of common sleep study

C. twins need less sleep but have stronger immune system

D. sleeping for a long time is important to immune health

3. Which of the following is right according to the passage?

A. People don’t need 7 to 8 hours of sleep a night in their fifties.

B. The less you sleep every night，the more weight you’ll lose.

C. Teenagers should get more than 10 hours of sleep a night.

D. If your memory gets worse，you may not get enough sleep.

4. What will probably be written in the following part?

A. How to improve your sleep

B. How important enough sleep is!

C. How amazing if you look good!

D. How to avoid trouble of seeing

5、 About ten men in every hundred have the trouble of color blindness in some way. Women are luckier, only about one in two hundred is affected(感染) in this matter. Perhaps, after all, it is safer to be driven by a woman.

There are different kinds of color blindness. For example, a man cannot see deep red. He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades(阴影) of green. Sometimes a person can’t tell the difference between blue and green. Only a few unlucky men may see everything in shades of green—a strange world indeed.

Color blindness in human beings is a difficult thing to explain. In only one eye there are millions of very small things called “cones(圆锥体)”. These help us to see in the bright light and to tell differences between colors. There are also millions of “rods(柱状体)”, but these are used for seeing when it is nearly dark. They show us shapes but not colors.

Some insects have favorite colors. Mosquitoes(蚊子) like blue but do not like yellow. A red light will not attract insects, but a blue light will. Human beings also have favorite colors. Yet we are lucky. With the help of the cones in our eyes, we can see many beautiful colors by day, and with the help of the rods we can see shapes at night.

1. “Color blindness” means “_________” in Chinese.

    A. 盲目    B. 无色     C. 色盲   D.讨厌颜色

2. Some people say it’s safer to be driven by women because _______.

  A. women drive more carefully          B. women are better at driving than men

    C. women can see things more clearly      D. there are fewer color-blind women

3. With the help of the “cones”, we can __________.

    A. tell different shapes    B. kill insects

    C. see in the dark     D. tell orange from yellow

4. ________ show us shape at night.

    A. rods  B. insects    C. cones   D. mosquitoes

============参考答案============

一、阅读理解

1、 本文主要介绍孩子保持健康的几条建议。

1. C　细节理解题。根据第四段最后半句得出答案。

2. A　推理判断题。选项B、C和D的内容和黑体部分的4、5和1相对应；A项在文章中没有出现，其意义是“提供平衡饮食”。孩子有选择权，但不能“提供”，故选A。

3. B　细节理解题。是牛奶而不是水有助于儿童的骨骼发育，因此B项错误。

4. D　推理判断题。根据第一段后两句以及黑体部分后的每个语段中多次出现kids可知答案。

2、 1．解析：主旨大意题。根据短文第一段的内容可判断，本文主要说明我们的身体器官在不同的季节需要不同的营养，故选A。B是健康是什么；C是怎样获得足够的能量；D是食物的重要性，这三个选项都不符合文章内容。

答案：A

2．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Melons, pumpkins, cucumbers, tomatoes, and many fresh high­water vegetables have a cooling effect”可知以上食物可以祛心火，故选B。A是洋葱；C是菠菜；D是西兰花，这三个选项都不符合题干的要求。

答案：B

3．解析：推理判断题。我们的器官不论在什么季节都需要保护，所以C项是错误的。

答案：C

3、 1D 2C 3B 4B 5A

4、 1.C

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“…infection-fighting antibodies(抗体) are reduced …when you don’t get enough sleep.”如果你没有得到充足的睡眠，抗体就会被减少，可知，充足的睡眠对抗体有益，故选C。

2.A

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Watson says his study shows that the immune system works best when the body gets enough sleep Watson说他的研究表示，刚身体得到充足的睡眠，免疫系统就会工作得很好”，可知，充足的睡眠对自身免疫系统有好处，故选A。

3.D

【解析】综合判断题。根据文章最后“Signs you may not be getting enough sleep 你没有得到充足睡眠的信号”中的第三条“You have trouble remembering things 记忆困难”可知，当你的记忆越来越差，可能是因为睡眠不足，故选D。

4.A

【解析】推理判断题。文中已经说明了睡眠充足的重要性，故B选项错误；C、D两项是文章最后一段最后两条的眼神，故排除C、D两项；文章最后描述了一些人正受睡眠问题的困扰，所以接下来应是就如何改善睡眠进行探讨。故选A。

5、 1C 2D 3D 4A