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2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三上学期月考卷（五）英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三上学期月考卷（五）英语试题（解析版），共29页。试卷主要包含了5分)，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
雅礼中学2023届高三月考试卷(五)
本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是C
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does Paul come to the woman’s house this morning?
A. To attend a party. B. To show gratitude. C. To look for his phone.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning, Hailey. I had a wonderful time at your house-warming party last night.
W: Good morning, Paul. I am glad that you came.
M: But can you please help check if my phone is in your house? I can’t find it after leaving the party.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does Felix feel now?
A. Regretful. B. Encouraged. C. Sympathetic.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Why do you look so upset, Felix?
M: I got a very bad grade on my biology test yesterday. I shouldn’t have spent so much time playing computer games the night before the test.
W: It’s no use crying over spilt milk. You should make a change.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the w man offer to do for the man?
A. Practice French with him.
B. Find him a study partner.
C. Introduce him to a foreigner.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I must brush up on my French before I go to Paris.
W: Do you need someone to practice spoken French with? My sister can help. She is preparing for her French speech.
M: How lucky I am. When can I meet her?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man going to do this Friday?
A. Go on a picnic. B. Stay at home. C. Attend a meeting.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Congratulations. Your team has become the best sales team of this quarter. How are you going to celebrate?
M: We’ve decided to take this Friday off and have a picnic beside the lake. And the weather forecast said it would be a fine day.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What caused the power failure?
A. Delaying paying the bill.
B. Using lots of appliances.
C. Repairing the roads.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: The power went off, honey. Did you forget to pay the electricity bill on time?
M: Of course not. What’s the problem? We don’t use any high-powered appliances.
W: Ah, I’ve got it. It was announced yesterday that the power would be cut off anytime, due to the repairs to the roads.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟,听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What might the woman be?
A. A writer. B. A bookseller. C. A publisher.
7. What does the man mean in the end?
A. He can find the book himself.
B. He knows the book very well.
C. He doesn’t like adventure novels.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I am looking for the latest copy of Stephen Edwin King’s book?
W: Do you know the name of the book?
M: Sorry, I forgot it. I just read about it on a website. It’s his newest release. It gave me a feeling of danger and mystery when I read its brief introduction.
W: Well, it might be an adventure novel.
M: I think you are right.
W: Let me look it up. It might be on our database... Well, he has quite a few books published. There is one titled Gwendy’s Final Task and it was published at the beginning of this year.
M: That’s it. Do you have any in stock?
W: Yes. You can find them in the self-help section.
M: Oh, then I know where they are. Thanks.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Where probably are the speakers?
A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a pet store.
9. What is the man’s attitude toward cyber cat petting?
A. Critical. B. Understanding. C. Careless.
10. What do Japanese researchers say about looking at pictures of cats?
A. It can ease people’s stress.
B. It helps people work better.
C. It can improve the family relationship.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Darling, dinner is ready. Why are you watching the cat videos again?
W: Look! The cat is walking down the stairs in a silly costume. I’m really amused by her special steps and have kept watching this video again and again.
M: Ha-ha. No wonder so many people like you are so much into cyber cat petting.
W: Sure thing. It’s not only about fun. I feel energetic and positive after watching cat-related online videos. Some Japanese researchers reported that looking at images of cute animals can improve workers’ performance on the job, because it can increase their attention and promote careful behavior.
M: Oh, I never knew that. Why not go to the pet store to get a cat? I heard that raising a cat can help build strong family relationships.
W: Well, I don’t think we have time to take care of a small animal, since we are always occupied with work.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What did Vicky do to improve her Chinese?
A. She traveled to China.
B. She had classes with her mother.
C. She learned from a tutor online.
12. How much has Vicky paid to improve her Chinese so far?
A. $ 600. B. $ 700. C. $800.
13. How does Vicky sound in the end?
A. Anxious. B. Grateful. C. Surprised.
【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning, Vicky. You really impressed me in the Chinese class yesterday. Mr. Collis praised you to the skies. Did you travel to China during the summer holiday?
W: I didn’t go anywhere this summer. My mother helped me sign up for some online classes.
M: That’s unbelievable. I mean you are able to speak Chinese as fluently as a native speaker.
W: Thanks. Well, if you are interested, I’d like to introduce you to the program.
M: Of course, I am. How does it work?
W: The program offers beginners’ courses at $ 300, intermediate classes at $ 500 and advanced ones at $ 600. The teacher will test your Chinese before deciding which class to put you in.
M: That sounds reasonable. Which type of courses did you take?
W: I started from the beginners’ courses in July and will finish the intermediate classes next month.
M: Wow, you are learning at such a fast pace.
W: Yep. I have never thought of that before until I met my online teacher, Mrs. Wu. She is so knowledgeable, patient and concerned about my learning process.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student.
15. What do we know about big talk?
A. It’s always related to small things.
B. It’s about talking proudly about personal abilities.
C. It’s conversation about important issues.
16. Why did Kalina Silverman skip small talk?
A. She thought small talk is unnecessary.
B. She was eager to connect with others.
C. She wanted to make a fantastic video.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Some phrases. B. School life. C. A meaningful question.
【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: We learned about small talk last class. Do you still remember what it is about, Denise?
W: Well, small talk is short conversation about unimportant subjects. It usually happens when people talk with strangers on social occasions.
M: Good answer. And Mr. Lee asked us to do some research on big talk. Have you done it?
W: Of course.
M: Then I will have a few questions for you.
W: Fire away.
M: Here is my first question. What does big talk mean?
W: It’s not about talking big but means long and meaningful conversation about important issues that can help you get to know the other person better.
M: Where does the phrase come from?
W: I don’t know who first used the phrase. It was Kalina Silverman who made this catchy phrase popular.
M: What did she do?
W: When she first arrived at university, she met new people each day, yet still felt a sense of loneliness and disconnected. So, she tried skipping small talk to make big talk, and immediately noticed she was making more meaningful connections with her peers. Encouraged by the reaction, she made a video, where she approached strangers and asked them the question: “What do you want to do before you die?”
M: I have to say you are really well-prepared for next class.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What does the Missing Post Office do?
A. Deliver letters quickly.
B. Receive unaddressed letters.
C. Publish mailed letters.
19. Where did the artist’s inspiration come from?
A. An art festival. B. A postman. C. Floating items.
20. What can visitors do in the Missing Post Office?
A. Help organize the letters.
B. Buy the postcards they’re interested in.
C. Leave their own letters behind.
【答案】18. B 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【原文】Have you ever wanted to write a letter to someone whose address or name you don’t know? Or perhaps write to someone who has long left this world? The Missing Post Office on Awashima Island in Japan keeps such letters, and it’s open to anyone.
The Missing Post Office was originally part of a contemporary art festival in 2013. It was brought to life by the artist Saya Kubota. She came up with the idea as she walked along the island’s coast and noticed many things floating on the sea.
The Missing Post Office is meant to be the destination of all letters addressed to those unable to receive them. Once letters arrive at the post office, they are placed in one of several tin boxes that are hanging by a wire. They appear to float in the air. They were designed to make wave-like sounds, in keeping with the post office’s drifting theme. On the second and fourth Saturday of each month, visitors can read the various letters and post cards, write their own to leave behind and even bring one home if they feel certain that it’s addressed to them. Please note that posted letters cannot be returned to the sender.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Seasonal city breaks: 4 of the best pre-Christmas European getaways to start your festive spirit.
Zagreb, Croatia
The Croatian capital takes the Christmas seriously, with street decorations, outdoor concerts and a traditional Christmas market. Most of the action is centred on Ban Josip Jelacic Square, which has a history of more than 3 centuries, and European Square. The two squares have market stands and live music performances given by popular musicians.
The recommended hotel: President Pantovcak — Doubles: £200 (a parent and a kid with a 10% discount)
Malaga Spain
Start your day at the Casa Aranda before diving into the Atarazanas Market. In the afternoon, take your pick of the city’s cultural spots the Picasso Museum, or the Centre Pompidou Malaga. Then head to Calle Marques de Larios, the main shopping place, at dusk when the Christmas lights are switched on: the sight attracts visitors from all over Spain.
The recommended hotel: Room Mate Larios — Doubles: £250 (a parent and a kid with a 20% discount)
Le Touquet, France
From 30 November, the trees lining the avenues of this city are decorated with fairy lights, and there are facilities, like a skating spot and horse-drawn carriage rides. The pedestrianized (步行的) street Rue St. Jean is lined with stores selling everything from chocolates to jewellery. Join the locals in gathering cheese at the Marche Couvert and wines at the excellent Le Touquet-Vins.
The recommended hotel: Hotel Bristol — Doubles: £180 (a parent and a kid with a 10% discount)
Aarhus, Denmark
Head to the Latin Quarter for independent stores, cafes and a great Christmas market. Shop for Scandi homeware (家居用品) and fashion on Stroget, the city’s important shopping street, before heading to the rooftop of the historic Sailing Department store, for a glass of wine with views of the city lit up for Christmas.
The recommended hotel: The Mayor Hotel — Doubles: £200 (a parent and a kid with a 20% discount)
21. What can we know about Ban Josip Jelacic Square and European Square?
A. They have a very long history.
B. They offer concerts and stands.
C. They are attractive to those fond of quietness.
D. They are the most attractive places in Croatia.
22. What do Rue St. Jean in Le Touquet and Stroget in Aarhus have in common?
A. They both have lots of entertainment facilities.
B. They both have a lot of well-known museums.
C. They both have a large variety of stores.
D. They are both famous for their culture and tasty foods.
23. Which hotel mentioned above costs the least for a parent with a kid?
A. President Pantovcak. B. Room Mate Larios.
C. Hotel Bristol. D. The Mayor Hotel.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最好的圣诞节前欧洲度假胜地。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Zagreb, Croatia”部分的“The Croatian capital takes the Christmas seriously, with street decorations, outdoor concerts and a traditional Christmas market. Most of the action is centred on Ban Josip Jelacic Square, which has a history of more than 3 centuries, and European Square. The two squares have market stands and live music performances given by popular musicians. (克罗地亚首都很看重圣诞节，有街头装饰，户外音乐会和传统的圣诞市场。大部分活动集中在European Square和有3个多世纪历史的Ban Josip Jelacic Square。这两个广场上有市场摊位和流行音乐家的现场音乐表演。)”可知在Ban Josip Jelacic Square 和 European Square这两个广场上有市场摊位和流行音乐家的现场音乐表演。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Le Touquet, France”部分的“The pedestrianized (步行的) street Rue St. Jean is lined with stores selling everything from chocolates to jewellery.(步行街Rue St. Jean两旁的商店的商品琳琅满目，从巧克力到珠宝应有尽有。)”以及“Aarhus, Denmark”部分的“Head to the Latin Quarter for independent stores, cafes and a great Christmas market. Shop for Scandi homeware (家居用品) and fashion on Stroget, the city’s important shopping street (前往the Latin Quarter，那里有许多独立商店、咖啡店和一个很棒的圣诞市场。到该市重要的购物街Stroget购买Scandi家居用品和时尚品)”可知Rue St. Jean in Le Touquet和Stroget in Aarhus的共同之处在于两者都有大型的购物街。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Zagreb, Croatia”部分的“The recommended hotel: President Pantovcak — Doubles: £200 (a parent and a kid with a 10% discount)(推荐酒店： President Pantovcak —— 双人间：200英镑（一位家长和一个孩子享有10%的优惠）)”可知，在President Pantovcak酒店一位家长和一个孩子的费用是200*(1-10%)=180英镑；根据“Malaga, Spain”部分的“The recommended hotel: Room Mate Larios — Doubles: £250 (a parent and a kid with a 20% discount) (推荐酒店：Room Mate Larios —— 双人间：250英镑（一位家长带一个孩子享有20%的优惠）)”可知在Room Mate Larios酒店一位家长和一个孩子的费用是250*(1-20%)=200英镑；根据“Le Touquet, France”部分的“The recommended hotel: Hotel Bristol — Doubles: £180 (a parent and a kid with a 10% discount) (推荐酒店：Bristol酒店 —— 双人间：180英镑（一位家长带一个孩子享有10%的优惠）)”可知在Brisol酒店一位家长和一个孩子的费用是180*(1-10%)=162英镑；根据“Aarhus, Denmark”部分的“The recommended hotel: The Mayor Hotel — Doubles: £200 (a parent and a kid with a 20% discount) (推荐酒店：The Mayor —— 双人间：200英镑（一位家长带一个孩子优惠20%）)”可知在The Mayor Hotel酒店一位家长和一个孩子的费用是200*(1-20%)=160英镑。由此可知，Mayor酒店对一位家长带一个孩子来说费用最低。故选D。
B
Last summer, Katie Steller pulled off the freeway on her way to work. She stopped at a traffic light, where a man was sitting with a sign asking for help. She rolled down her window and shouted, “I’m driving around giving free haircuts. Do you want one right now?” The man looked to be in his 60s. He was heavyset, balding, and missing a few teeth. He laughed, then paused. “Actually,” he said, “I have a funeral to go. I was really hoping to get a haircut.”
Few minutes later, the man, named Edward, took a seat on a red chair moved down from Steller’s car, and she trimmed his curly graying hair. He told her about growing up in Mississippi, about moving to Minnesota to be closer to his children, and how he still often phoned his mom. After Steller was done, Edward looked in a mirror. “Wow, I look good!” he grinned.
To date, Steller has given 30 or so such haircuts to people around the city. She is keenly aware of the power of her cleanup job. “It’s more than a haircut,” she says.
Steller knows that a haircut can change a life. One changed hers. As a teen, she suffered from a severe bowel disease and her hair thinned drastically. Seeing this, her mother arranged for Steller’s first professional haircut.
“To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness, it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she says. After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own salon. Soon after finishing cosmetology (美容) school in 2009, she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets.
“Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely people looked,” she says. “I thought maybe I can’t fix their problems, but I can help them feel less alone sometimes.”
24. Which of the following best describes Edward?
A. He related everything to Steller.
B. He lived with his mom in Mississippi.
C. He was satisfied with his new haircut.
D He sat by the roadside asking for a haircut.
25. What do we know about the free haircuts?
A. They made people full of power.
B. They helped people solve their problems.
C. They conveyed care and love to people in need.
D. They made Steller’s salon obtain good reputation.
26. What inspired Stellar to start her Red Chair Project?
A. Her wish to talk to people.
B. Her personal experience in her teens.
C. Her mother’s encouragement.
D. Her ambition to start a unique salon.
27. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A Special Hair-dresser B. Edward’s Free Haircut
C. An Amazing Encounter D. More Than a Free Haircut
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Katie Steller通过给别人免费理发，倾听别人的故事，和别人交流来减轻别人孤独感的善举，Katie Steller呼吁大家多给他人给予帮助。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“After Steller was done, Edward looked in a mirror. “Wow, I look good!” he grinned.(斯特勒完事后，爱德华照照镜子。“哇，我看起来很好！”他咧嘴一笑)”可推知，爱德华对自己的新发型很满意。故选C项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Steller knows that a haircut can change a life.(斯特勒知道一个发型可以改变一个人的一生)”以及倒数第二段““To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness, it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she says. After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own salon. Soon after finishing cosmetology school in 2009, she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets.(“坐下来，让别人看着我，像一个人一样和我说话，而不仅仅是一种疾病，这让我感到被关心，不那么孤独，”她说。从那以后，斯特勒知道她想拥有自己的沙龙。2009年从美容学校毕业后不久，她开始了她现在称为“红椅子计划”的项目，向街上的人们伸出援手)”和最后一段““Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely people looked,” she says. “I thought maybe I can’t fix their problems, but I can help them feel less alone sometimes.”(“让我心碎的部分原因是人们看起来多么孤独，”她说。“我想也许我不能解决他们的问题，但有时我可以帮助他们感到不那么孤独。”)”可推知，免费理发的目的是向有需要的人传递关怀和爱。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“As a teen, she suffered from a severe bowel disease and her hair thinned drastically. Seeing this, her mother arranged for Steller’s first professional haircut.(十几岁时，她患了严重的肠道疾病，头发急剧稀疏。看到这一点，她的母亲为斯特勒安排了第一次专业的理发)”以及倒数第二段中““To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness, it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she says. After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own salon. Soon after finishing cosmetology school in 2009, she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets.(“坐下来，让别人看着我，像一个人一样和我说话，而不仅仅是一种疾病，这让我感到被关心，不那么孤独，”她说。从那以后，斯特勒知道她想拥有自己的沙龙。2009年从美容学校毕业后不久，她开始了她现在称为“红椅子计划”的项目，向街上的人们伸出援手)”可知，Stellar十几岁时的经历激发了她开始她的红椅子项目。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“To date, Steller has given 30 or so such haircuts to people around the city. She is keenly aware of the power of her cleanup job. “It’s more than a haircut,” she says.(到目前为止，斯特勒已经为这座城市的人们做了大约30个这样的发型。她敏锐地意识到清洁工作的力量。“这不仅仅是一个发型，”她说)”以及最后一段““Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely people looked,” she says. “I thought maybe I can’t fix their problems, but I can help them feel less alone sometimes.”(“让我心碎的部分原因是人们看起来多么孤独，”她说。“我想也许我不能解决他们的问题，但有时我可以帮助他们感到不那么孤独。”)”可知，本文主要讲述了Katie Steller通过给别人免费理发，和别人交流来减轻别人孤独感的善举。由此可知，D项“More Than a Free Haircut(不仅仅是免费理发)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。
C
“You can come in here at eight o’clock at night to pick up mail,says Trevor Braun, boasting about the post office inside Elmore Store in rural Vermont. A recent Monday saw a steady stream of locals pop in to pick up their post, send packages and buy groceries. The shop and its post office have been at the centre of the small community, since they opened in the early 1800s. But that may soon change.
After the shop’s longtime owner retired, the United States Postal Service(USPS) did not automatically renew the contract with the new owner. Although it does nearly everything a post office does? the USPS can shut it with little notice.
Without the post office? many of the 900 residents would be virtually cut off from the world. Much of the area has no mobile-phone coverage. The post office is where many get their news. Locals got the state’s officials to fight to keep their post office. Contract negotiations are now under way.
It is not just Elmore’s post office that is in jeopardy. The USPS has been in financial trouble for years. Shifts in the way people communicate and pay bills have meant fewer letters in the post. Banking is done electronically and people use social media to send cards, notes and photos. Newspapers increasingly arrive on mobile devices. True, package volume is up because of e-commerce. But the losses are on the opposite.
On February 8th the USPS announced a $ 1.3bn loss in its most recent quarterly results, compared with a $ 288m loss for the same period in 2021. And unlike other federal agencies? the USPS does not receive direct federal funding. It must rely on stamp sales and shipping income.
The USPS cannot afford to wait long for help. Nor can its customers, who include most small businesses and the Social Security Administration, which mails 350m notices a year. About 7m Medicare recipients get at least one medicine through the post. Over 43% of voters cast their votes by mail in 2021. Johnathan Hladik of the Centre for Rural Affairs puts it this way：“If you don’t have the basic equipment like the ability to get dependable mail, small towns like Elmore simply don’t stand a chance.”
28. According to Paragraph 1, what do we know about the post office inside Elmore Store?
A. It allows people to get mail at all times of the day.
B. It wins the praise of Trevor Braun due to its services.
C. It is located at the middle of rural Vermont.
D. It will be changed greatly soon by renovation.
29. What does the phrase “in jeopardy”(Line 1, Para. 4) probably mean?
A. In danger. B. In order. C. In place. D. In vain.
30. Why is the USPS different from other federal agencies ?
A. Because it has suffered the greatest loss in recent quarterly results.
B. Because its financial loss is in excess of $ 288m in 2022.
C. Because it does not have any access to federal funding.
D. Because it makes a profit in limited ways.
31. Which of the following could be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. The USPS is relied heavily on by its customers.
B. Many Medicare recipients cannot get any medicines without USPS.
C. More than 43% of the population will vote by mail in 2022.
D. Elmore will keep the post office due to its basic facilities.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了埃尔莫尔商店内的邮局的现状。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“You can come in here at eight o’clock at night to pick up mail, (你可以在晚上八点来到这里取邮件，)”和“boasting about the post office (对邮局大加赞赏)”可知，埃尔莫尔商店内的邮局赢得了特雷弗·布劳恩的赞誉。B答案中的“wins the praise”与原文意思匹配。故选B。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The USPS has been in financial trouble for years. (美国邮政局多年来一直陷入财务困境。)”可知，美国邮政局多年来一直陷入财务困境。in financial trouble与A答案中的“in danger”表意一致。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“And unlike other federal agencies? the USPS does not receive direct federal funding. It must rely on stamp sales and shipping income. (与其他联邦机构不同？美国邮政服务局不接受联邦直接资助。它必须依靠邮票销售和运输收入。)”可知，与其他联邦机构不同，美国邮政服务局不能直接获取联邦资金，它必须依赖邮票销售和航运收入。所以美国邮政服务局利润有限。C项“Because it does not have any access to federal funding.”说法太绝对，“does not have any access to federal funding”与文中“does not receive direct federal funding”说法不相符。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The USPS cannot afford to wait long for help. Nor can its customers, who include most small businesses and the Social Security Administration, which mails 350m notices a year. About 7m Medicare recipients get at least one medicine through the post. Over 43% of voters cast their votes by mail in 2021. (美国邮政局不能等待太久来获得帮助。它的客户也不能，包括大多数小企业和社会保障局，该局每年发送3.5亿份通知。大约700万医疗保险受助人通过该职位获得至少一种药物。)”可知，该段强调美国邮政服务局对于其客户的重要性。并引用人物话语“If you don’t have the basic equipment like the ability to get dependable mail, small towns like Elmore simply don’t stand a chance. (如果你没有获得可靠邮件的能力这样的基本设备，像埃尔莫尔这样的小镇根本就没有机会。)”以说明埃尔莫尔请求保留邮局的原因。故选A。
D
Earthquakes cannot be forecast, but engineers can prepare for them. Seismic-isolation (减震) systems built into the bases of certain buildings in high-risk areas use complex structures of concrete, rubber and metal to reduce quake damage by absorbing the ground’s horizontal movement.
But such adaptations are expensive. Engineer Jian Zhang of the University of California says adding seismic isolation can increase construction costs by up to 20 percent. While these systems might save more than they cost over time, builders in some earthquake-prone (地震多发的) regions may not have the budget for them in advance.
A new seismic-isolation method uses the physics of rolling to create a simpler, lower-cost alternative with readily available materials: recycled tennis balls.
Zurich seismic engineer Michalis Vassiliou, team based its method on an early form of seismic isolation that rolls a shaking building to a stop the way a skater in a half-pipe eventually comes to rest. By separating a building from the ground with a layer of spheres (球体) in a certain shape, rolling isolation transforms horizontal shaking into a gentle rocking motion and uses friction to further restrain the movement. This method was used in 5,000-year-old Peruvian pyramids, but today builders favor expensive, standardized isolation systems.
For their modern rolling seismic isolation, the researchers injected cement-like mixes into hundreds of balls that had lost their bounce. They built an inexpensive model consisting of four filled tennis balls sandwiched between two concrete layers, and they found it supported eight kilonewtons of force per ball-about twice what isolation systems might experience under one-story houses.
Zhang says the work is worthwhile and that such technology might serve an unmet need. But she notes that the results are primary, which Vassiliou agrees; next steps will mean creating and testing a larger model with hundreds of tennis balls at a research center in earthquake-prone Cuba, where such systems could make isolation practicable in ordinary construction.
Vassiliou says he has received funding to field-test the system and partner with scientists on the ground to improve the invention. “For this to actually be implemented,” he adds, “you need to develop it with engineers from low-income countries so that it actually addresses their needs.”
32. According to Paragraphs 1 and 2, which of the following is TRUE of seismic-isolation systems?
A. They can help prevent earthquakes.
B. They absorb vertical movement in the earthquake.
C. They can benefit people and society in a long term.
D. The installation of them is the initial consideration of the builders.
33. For what reason are the 5,000-year-old Peruvian pyramids mentioned?
A. To show the simplicity of early seismic isolation.
B. To show the practicability of early seismic isolation.
C. To show the long history in reducing earthquake damage.
D. To show the inconvenience of old-fashioned seismic-isolation approach.
34. What is the unique feature of the modern rolling seismic isolation compared with the old one?
A. It can stand up to earthquake shaking.
B. It is built and tested in scientific libraries.
C. It has cement-like mixes injected into tennis balls.
D. It uses balls to divide buildings from the ground.
35. What does Vassiliou think of the modern method of rolling seismic isolation?
A. He thinks it still needs a huge amount of money.
B. He thinks it requires cooperation across borders.
C. He thinks it has made much progress in actual use.
D. He thinks it is well worth inventing to meet the need.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。为了减少地震带来的损害，科学家们研究了一种新的减震系统，该系统利用滚动的物理原理，用现成的材料创造出一种更简单、成本更低的选择：回收网球。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Earthquakes cannot be forecast, but engineers can prepare for them. Seismic-isolation (减震) systems built into the bases of certain buildings in high-risk areas use complex structures of concrete, rubber and metal to reduce quake damage by absorbing the ground’s horizontal movement.(地震无法预测，但工程师可以做好准备。在高风险地区的某些建筑物基础上建造的减震系统使用混凝土、橡胶和金属的复杂结构，通过吸收地面的水平运动来减少地震破坏。)”和第二段最后一句中的“While these systems might save more than they cost over time(随着时间的推移，这些系统节省的费用可能远远超过成本)”可推知，减震系统是长效的，可以长期造福人民和社会。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段倒中“By separating a building from the ground with a layer of spheres (球体) in a certain shape, rolling isolation transforms horizontal shaking into a gentle rocking motion and uses friction to further restrain the movement. This method was used in 5,000-year-old Peruvian pyramids,(通过用一层特定形状球体将建筑物与地面隔开，滚动隔震将水平震动转化为温和的摇晃运动，并利用摩擦进一步抑制运动。这种方法被用于5000年前的秘鲁金字塔)”可推知，第四段最后一句中提到有5000年历史的秘鲁金字塔是为了证明早期地震隔离的实用性。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“For their modern rolling seismic isolation, the researchers injected cement-like mixes into hundreds of balls that had lost their bounce. They built an inexpensive model consisting of four filled tennis balls sandwiched between two concrete layers, and they found it supported eight kilonewtons of force per ball-about twice what isolation systems might experience under one-story houses.(为了实现现代滚动隔震，研究人员将水泥状混合物注入数百个失去弹性的球中。他们建造了一个廉价的模型，由四个填充网球夹在两个混凝土层之间组成，他们发现每个球所承受的力为8千牛顿，大约是一层房屋下隔离系统的两倍。)”可知，与旧的滚动隔震相比，现代滚动隔震的独特之处在于它将水泥状混合物注入网球中。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Vassiliou的话“you need to develop it with engineers from low-income countries so that it actually addresses their needs(你需要与低收入国家的工程师一起开发它，这样它才能真正满足他们的需求)”可知，瓦西里欧认为，滚动隔震的现代方法需要跨国合作。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。
How to stop glasses fogging up with a face mask
Wearing a mask keeps you safe during the pandemic, but it comes with its own set of challenges. And, one of the biggest drawbacks of wearing a mask is how much your glasses fog up and affect your vision. Taking off your glasses to wipe them clean each time they fog up is not only frustrating, but it can also increase the risk of infection. ____36____Here are some tricks to stop it.
Twist your mask strings.
From the side, once you twist it, the strings will look like the figure eight. This is great for stopping fogging because it redirects your breath by putting slight downward pressure on the top part of the mask. ____37____. This may leave you infected by virus.
Wash your glasses with soap.
If you wash your glasses with soap, this creates a thin film on your lenses which limits fogging. Use a fragrance-free soap and mix it with warm water. ____38____ , and let them air dry. When you wear your glasses next, soap molecules on your lenses should block fogging.
Use tissues.
You can put a tissue under the top part of the mask. ____39____To do this DIY trick properly, you should fold a tissue in half and place the straight edge along the bridge of your nose.
Change the position of your masks and glasses.
____40____ But if you do this there are a few things to keep in mind. Firstly, you need to make sure that your mask still covers your chin (下巴) after you pull it up. And, if your prescription (解决方案) is stronger, this trick could impact your vision and cause increased blurriness (模糊强度).
A. Put your glasses in it
B. Wash your glasses with a soap
C. It will help catch air and damp, keeping your glasses free of fog
D. So the key is to prevent or minimize fogging due to face masks
E. Cover your chin with masks to prevent the need for re-positioning when talking
F. Though, it’s worth noting that it does create a slight gap between the mask and your face
G. Pull up your mask and draw your glasses down, blocking your breath from rising upwards
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. A 39. C 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。现在人们都需要戴口罩防止疫情感染，但是戴口罩的最大缺点之一是眼镜会起雾，影响视力。文章对如何防止戴口罩眼镜起雾提出了几点方法。
【36题详解】
根据标题“How to stop glasses fogging up with a face mask(如何防止戴口罩眼镜起雾)”和前文“Taking off your glasses to wipe them clean each time they fog up is not only frustrating, but it can also increase the risk of infection. (每次起雾时摘下眼镜擦拭干净不仅令人沮丧，而且还会增加感染风险。)”可知，此处是讲要防止口罩引起的雾气，所以选项D“因此，关键是防止或尽量减少口罩引起的雾气”切合文意。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据后文“This may leave you infected by virus.(这可能会让你感染病毒。)”和前文“This is great for stopping fogging because it redirects your breath by putting slight downward pressure on the top part of the mask(这是防止起雾的好方法，因为它通过在口罩顶部施加轻微的向下压力来改变你的呼吸方向)”可知，前后构成转折关系，对应选项F中的though，后文中的this是指选项F中的“it does create a slight gap between the mask and your face”，所以选项F“不过，值得注意的是，它确实在口罩和你的脸之间产生了一个微小的间隙”切合文意。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据前文“Use a fragrance-free soap and mix it with warm water.(使用无香味的肥皂，并将其与温水混合。)”和后文“and let them air dry(让它们风干)”可知，此处是指将眼镜放在肥皂水里，所以选项A“把你的眼镜放进去”切合文意。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据前文“You can put a tissue under the top part of the mask. (你可以在口罩的顶部放一张纸巾。)”和后文“To do this DIY trick properly, you should fold a tissue in half and place the straight edge along the bridge of your nose.(要正确地DIY这个技巧，你应该把一张纸巾对折，沿鼻梁放置直边。)”可知，此处是讲放置纸巾的好处，所以选项C“它将有助于吸收空气和湿气，使您的眼镜免受雾”切合文意。故选C。
【40题详解】
根据小标题“Change the position of your masks and glasses.(改变口罩和眼镜的位置。)”和后文“Firstly, you need to make sure that your mask still covers your chin (下巴) after you pull it up.(首先，你需要确保你的口罩拉起后仍然覆盖着你的下巴。)”可知，此处是指把口罩拉上去，把眼镜拉下来。所以选项G“拉起口罩，放下眼镜，阻挡呼吸上升”切合文意。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If someone said they’d pay you 1,800 dollars to stay off social media for six years, would you do it? Could you? Sivert Klefsaas did just that. “It was ____41____” Sivert told CNN, “I thought, ‘Ah, what’s 6 more years?’”
In 2016, Lorna Klefsaas ____42____ her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18. If he completed the challenge, she’d award him the ____43____on his eighteenth birthday. On February 19, 2022, Sivert ____44____ his prize.
Lorna was inspired by a “16 for 16” ____45____, where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she ____46____ 16 for keeping off social media. She decided to up the ante (赌注) to two ____47____ years and 200 dollars more.
For Sivert it wasn’t too difficult to ____48____ social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years. As a 12-year-old, Sivert wasn’t using social media much ____49____. The only app he had prior to the bet was Snapchat — which he _____50_____ a day after trying it out. There was never a time when Sivert was about to break. As it went on, it was more of a(n) _____51_____ thing. He also had his friends to keep him _____52_____ on the latest information or trends so as to avoid all the unnecessary drama that was on there.
Lorna never had to check for any _____53_____ downloaded apps since he’s so competitive and it was definitely more for proving a point. It also meant he had more time to focus on his _____54_____ and sports instead. Lorna noted that they were certainly not against social media, but it’s the healthy using of it. It’s about not letting oneself get _____55_____ by it, or addicted to it, or affected by things that people post.
41. A. frustrating B. awful C. terrific D. awkward
42. A. dared B. begged C. promised D. forbade
43. A. media B. honor C. credit D. cash
44. A. claimed B. declared C. missed D. presented
45. A. exchange B. bet C. joke D. story
46. A. grew B. turned C. became D. passed
47. A. whole B. demanding C. peaceful D. extra
48 A. keep up with B. do away with C. live without D. get down to
49. A. therefore B. instead C. otherwise D. anyway
50. A. deleted B. downloaded C. developed D. decreased
51. A. effort B. pride C. shame D. fool
52. A. at an advantage B. in advance C. up to date D. out of reach
53. A. seriously B. purposefully C. secretly D. eagerly
54. A. network B. grades C. self-esteem D. privacy
55. A. weighed down B. cut down C. turned down D. slowed down
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. C 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了母亲Lorna和儿子Sivert打赌让儿子远离社交媒体的故事。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这太棒了，”Sivert告诉CNN，“我想，‘啊，再来六年又有何妨?’”A. frustrating令人懊恼的，令人沮丧的；B. awful糟糕的；C. terrific极好的；D. awkward令人尴尬的，难对付的。由下文“Sivert told CNN, “I thought, ‘Ah, what’s 6 more years?’”以及上文“Sivert Klefsaas did just that.”可知Sivert认为远离社交媒体6年得到1800美元太好了，故选C。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，Lorna Klefsaas向她12岁的儿子Sivert发起挑战，让他在18岁之前远离社交媒体。A. dared向……挑战；B. begged请求，乞求；C. promised承诺，保证；D. forbade禁止。由下文“If he completed the challenge, she’d award him the ____3____on his eighteenth birthday.”可知ALorna Klefsaas向她儿子发起了挑战。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他能完成这个挑战，她就会在他18岁生日那天给他现金奖励。A. media媒体；B. honor荣誉；C. credit信用，赞扬，学分，存款金额；D. cash现金。由第一段中的“If someone said they’d pay you 1,800 dollars to stay off social media for six years, would you do it? Could you? Sivert Klefsaas did just that.”以及下文“She decided to up the ante (赌注) to two __7__ years and 200 dollars more.”可知完成挑战Sivert就能获得1800美元的现金，而且他做到了。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2022年2月19日，Sivert得到了他的奖金。A. claimed认领，赢得，声称；B. declared宣称，公布，宣告；C. missed错过，思念；D. presented展示，赠送。由上文“Sivert Klefsaas did just that.”以及“In 2016, Lorna Klefsaas ___2___ her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18.”可知Sivert挑战成功，在2022年2月19日他18岁生日的那天拿到了他的奖金，claim“获得，赢得”符合句意。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lorna受到一个“16换16”的赌约的启发，一位母亲答应女儿，如果女儿坚持不使用社交媒体，她就会在女儿满16岁时给她1600美元的奖励。A. exchange交换，互换；B. bet打赌；C. joke玩笑；D. story故事，叙述。由下文“where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she ___6____16 for keeping off social media. She decided to up the ante (赌注) to two ___7___ years and 200 dollars more.”可知这是母亲和女儿在打赌。 故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lorna受到一个“16换16”的赌约的启发，一位母亲答应女儿，如果女儿坚持不使用社交媒体，她就会在女儿满16岁时给她1600美元的奖励。A. grew成长，变得；B. turned变成，到达，超过（某一年龄或时间）；C. became变成；D. passed经过，传递。由句意可知，如果女儿坚持不使用社交媒体，她就会在女儿满16岁时给她1600美元的奖励，turn“到达，超过（某一年龄或时间）”符合句意，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她决定把这一期限延长两年，奖金也增加200美元。A. whole全部的，整个的；B. demanding费时费力的，苛刻的；C. peaceful宁静的，和平的；D. extra额外的，外加的。根据第二段中“In 2016, Lorna Klefsaas ____2____ her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18.”和上文“where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she ____6____ 16 for keeping off social media.”以及空前的“She decided to up the ante (赌注)”可知，与那对母女之间的打赌相比Lorna把打赌的期限又延长了两年，extra符合句意。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对Sivert 来说，没有社交媒体的日子也并不太难过，这六年来他也不怎么想这事。A. keep up with赶上，与……保持联系；B. do away with废除，去掉；C. live without在没……的情况下生活；D. get down to开始做某事，开始认真注意（或对待）某事。根据赌约内容以及下文“There was never a time when Sivert was about to break. ”可知Sivert一直没用社交媒体，他也不觉得这样的日子很难。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：反正12岁的Sivert也并不怎么使用社交媒体。A. therefore因此；B. instead反而；C. otherwise否则，不然；D. anyway而且，加之，反正。由上文“For Sivert it wasn’t too difficult to ___8___ social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years.”可知此句进一步阐述Sivert没有社交媒体的日子也不太难过的原因，anyway“而且，反正”符合句意。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在接受挑战前用过的唯一一个应用软件就是Snapchat，他试用了一天就卸载了。A. deleted删除；B. downloaded下载；C. developed开发，发展；D. decreased减少，降低。由上文“As a 12-year-old, Sivert wasn’t using social media much ____9____.”以及空前的“The only app he had prior to the bet was Snapchat”可推断Snapchat他使用一天就卸载了，delete“删去，删除”符合句意。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间推移，这件事带给他的更多的是一种自豪感。A. effort 努力，艰难的尝试；B. pride自豪，自尊；C. shame羞耻，羞愧；D. fool傻瓜。由上文“There was never a time when Sivert was about to break.”以及最后一段中的“since he’s so competitive and it was definitely more for proving a point.”可推断，随着时间的推移，能够一直远离社交媒体带给他成就感和自豪感。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：此外，Sivert还可以通过朋友来获知最新的信息或潮流以避开社交媒体上各种无谓的剧情。A. at an advantage处于有利地位，处于优势；B. in advance事先，提前；C. up to date最新的，拥有（或包含）最新信息的；D. out of reach够不着。由上文Sivert远离社交媒体以及下文“so as to avoid all the unnecessary drama that was on there.”可知Siver通过朋友获得最新信息，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Lorna从来不需要检查儿子是否偷偷下载了应用程序，因为他的胜负欲很强，他的坚持更多的是为了证明自己。A. seriously严肃地，严重地；B. purposefully有目的地，自觉地；C. secretly私底下地，暗暗地；D. eagerly急切地。由下文“since he’s so competitive and it was definitely more for proving a point.”可知Sivert很想赢得这个挑战，因此Lorna不需要检查是否Sivert偷偷的下载了应用程序。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也意味着他有更多的时间来关注他的成绩和运动。A. network网络，人际关系网；B. grades成绩等级，分数；C. self-esteem自尊；D. privacy隐私。由文中内容可知接受挑战时，Sivert还未成年，由此可知，他把更多的精力放在学习上，符合语境。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Lorna指出她们当然不反对社交媒体，但是她们看重的是健康的使用习惯。不要被社交媒体拖累、不要让自己上瘾，也不要被人们分享的东西所影响。A. weighed down使烦恼，使焦虑，压弯；B. cut down削减，缩短，砍倒；C. turned down拒绝，调低；D. slowed down减速。由上文的“but it’s the healthy using of it”以及下文的“or addicted to it, or affected by things that people post”可知他们倡导健康使用社交媒体，不要因为社交媒体而不堪重负，上瘾或受别人分享的东西影响。由此可知，weighed down“使烦恼，使焦虑，压弯”符合句意。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In and around China’s southwestern Sichuan Province, one can often find folk artists producing sugar paintings with liquid sugar along the streets and in the parks.
According to some academic studies, sugar painting ____56____(date) back to the Ming Dynasty when sugar animals and figures were made in moulds (模具) as part of a sacrifice in religion ceremonies. In the Qing Dynasty, sugar painting gained more popularity. The production techniques ____57____(upgrade) and the patterns became more various, most of ____58____stood for good luck such as the fish, dragon and monkey. Afterward, the folk artists in Sichuan developed this art by adding techniques of the Chinese shadow puppet and Chinese paper cutting, the moulds ____59____(replace) with a small bronze spoon. As time passed ____60____ the contemporary form of sugar painting has gradually evolved.
Although the number of sugar painters has____61____(remarkable) decreased, due to its unique charm, ____62____certain number of artists are making efforts ____63____(preserve) it by offering classes, holding relevant ____64____(activity) such as sugar painting contests and applying to be added to the list of National Intangible Cultural Heritage.
Nowadays, this art is getting support again from the general public and it has already been listed as Provincial Intangible Culture Heritage by the Sichuan Provincial Government. Moreover, the sugar painting artists have gained increasing ____65____(recognize).
【答案】56. dates
57. were upgraded
58. which 59. replaced 60. by
61. remarkably 62. a
63. to preserve
64. activities
65. recognition
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在中国西南部的四川省及其周边地区，人们经常可以在街头和公园里发现民间艺术家用液态糖制作糖画。文章对这种传统艺术形式进行了介绍。
【56题详解】
考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：根据一些学术研究，糖画可以追溯到明朝，当时在宗教仪式中，作为祭品的一部分，糖画动物和人物用模具制作。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。主语sugar painting为第三人称单数。故填dates。
【57题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：生产技术得到了升级，图案变得更加多样，其中大多数代表着好运，如鱼、龙和猴。根据“the patterns became more various”可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词upgrade意为“升级”，和主语构成被动关系。主语techniques为复数形式。故填were upgraded。
【58题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：生产技术得到了升级，图案变得更加多样，其中大多数代表着好运，如鱼、龙和猴。在非限制性定语从句中缺少介词of的宾语，且先行词为patterns，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
【59题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：后来，四川的民间艺术家通过增加中国皮影和中国剪纸的技术发展了这门艺术，用小青铜勺代替了模具。动词replace意为“代替”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语moulds构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故填replaced。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，当代糖画形式逐渐演变。pass by意为“（时间）推移”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词by表示“经过”。故填by。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：尽管糖画师的数量显著减少，但由于其独特的魅力，一定数量的艺术家正在努力通过举办课程、举办糖画比赛等相关活动并申请加入国家非物质文化遗产名录来保护糖画。修饰动词decreased应用副词remarkably表示“显著地”作状语，故填remarkably。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：尽管糖画师的数量显著减少，但由于其独特的魅力，一定数量的艺术家正在努力通过举办课程、举办糖画比赛等相关活动并申请加入国家非物质文化遗产名录来保护糖画。根据系动词are可知，此处是指一定数量的艺术家，a number of意为“大量的”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用冠词a。故填a。
【63题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：尽管糖画师的数量显著减少，但由于其独特的魅力，一定数量的艺术家正在努力通过举办课程、举办糖画比赛等相关活动并申请加入国家非物质文化遗产名录来保护糖画。做出努力的目的是保护糖画，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to preserve。
【64题详解】
考查可数名词复数。句意：尽管糖画师的数量显著减少，但由于其独特的魅力，一定数量的艺术家正在努力通过举办课程、举办糖画比赛等相关活动并申请加入国家非物质文化遗产名录来保护糖画。根据“such as sugar painting contests”可知，此处是指很多活动，activity意为“活动”，为可数名词，所以应用复数形式。故填activities。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，糖画艺术家获得了越来越多的认可。此处应用名词recognition表示“认可”作宾语。故填recognition。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter正在准备明年来中国的旅游，并发邮件请你推荐一处湖南的旅游景点。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 景点名称；
2. 景区简介；
3. 发出邀请。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
So pleased to know that you are planning for your trip to China and my recommendation for a must-see scenic spot is Zhangjiajie.
Located in the northwest of Hunan, Zhangjjajie is renowned for its stunning beauty of Wulingyuan, which boasts complicated landforms, with diverse hills rising from the ground and never-ending creeks winding through. Thus, it is a paradise for nature and outdoor lovers. You’ll definitely be overwhelmed by the breathtaking scenery while walking there.
It is suitable to visit Zhangjiajie all through the year and I strongly advise you come to see the natural wonder for yourself. Wish you an enjoyable trip in China!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给正在为明年来中国旅游做准备的英国朋友Peter回信，给他推荐一处湖南的旅游景点。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：pleased→delighted
因……而闻名：be renowned for→be famous for
建议：advise→suggest
令人愉快的：enjoyable→pleasant
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：So pleased to know that you are planning for your trip to China and my recommendation for a must-see scenic spot is Zhangjiajie.
拓展句：Pleased to know that you are planning for your trip to China, I recommend Zhangjiajie as a must-see scenic spot.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Located in the northwest of Hunan, Zhangjjajie is renowned for its stunning beauty of Wulingyuan, which boasts complicated landforms, with diverse hills rising from the ground and never-ending creeks winding through. （运用了非谓语动词作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】You’ll definitely be overwhelmed by the breathtaking scenery while walking there.（运用了while引导的状语从句的省略）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When I was about six years old, my family and I went to Disneyland one weekend and had a wonderful day full of excitement. Little did I know that the real excitement wasn’t to begin until that night.
While we watched the fireworks, I began to get an urge to go to the restroom, but I didn’t want to miss the show. I overheard my sister Isabel talking to my mom, and I got closer to them to hear what they were talking about.
“Mom, I’m going to the bathroom with Lizette, okay?” said Isabel.
“Okay,” my mom replied, “but stay together. I don’t want any of you getting lost. ”
The second I saw my sisters leaving, I didn’t think twice before running after them—without telling my parents. As I followed them through the huge crowd of people, I started to lose sight of them. I began to panic as I scanned the crowd for them. Crazy thoughts ran through my head like “What if I never see my family again?”
I gave up trying to find my sisters and tried to get back to my family, but I was completely mixed up. After searching for what seemed like forever, I couldn’t hold back my tears, and I started crying like I had never cried before.
“Mommy!” I cried out. But everyone around me was too caught up by the fireworks to pay any attention to me.
I tried to stop the scary thoughts that were going through my head and started running as fast as I could...anywhere...everywhere. I was going crazy. I’m only six, and I’ve gotten lost. “What have I done? How could I have been so dumb to run off without telling anyone?” I thought.
With my face wet from tears, I kept running, pulling at people’s pants and crying, “Mommy!” I was hoping, wishing, that one of these adults would be one of my parents.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Luckily, I felt a pat on my shoulder and a gentle voice came, “Are you lost?”
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, through the crowd of people, I recognized a face.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Luckily, I felt a pat on my shoulder and a gentle voice came, “Are you lost”? “Yeeesss!” I cried. It was a lady working at Disney. She picked me up and carried me through the crowd as she kept asking me where my parents had been standing. As I began to feel safe in the lady’s arms, I calmed down and thought for a few minutes. I remembered we had been leaning against a wooden fence. She carried me around the wooden fence, asking random people, “Is this your child?” “No. Sorry,” everyone kept saying. You’re sorry? Look at me. I’m looking for my mommy, I thought.
Finally, through the crowd of people, I recognized a face. I was so happy. “Mommy!” I shouted as I pointed toward her so the lady could carry me to her. When the lady put me down, I ran to my mom and gave her a huge hug. I couldn’t let go of her. I didn’t want to lose her again. As I cried in my mother’s arms, my family thanked the nice lady for everything she had done for me. For the rest of the evening and the entire next day, I was more concerned with making sure that my parents were within my sight at all times than I was with seeing the sights at Disneyland. I look back at these memories and laugh at myself, but to this day, I always make sure to tell someone where I am going before I run off.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为读后续写，文章讲述了作者一次难忘的经历。作者跟家人去迪士尼游玩，没告诉家人的情况下跟着姐姐们去卫生间，结果与家人走散。作者哭着到处找家人，但是大家都沉浸在烟火表演中。就在作者无助时，有人发现了与家人走散的作者，并带着作者找到了家人。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“幸运的是，我感到有人拍了拍我的肩膀，一个温柔的声音传来：‘你迷路了吗?’”可知，第一段可描写有人发现作者与家人走散，并带着作者去找家人。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，在人群中，我认出了一张脸。”可知，第二段可描写作者找到了家人，家人表示感谢。
2. 续写线索：询问情况——帮助找家人——找到家人——感谢——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①镇定下来：calm down/compose oneself
②跑向某人：run to sb/rush to sb
③拥抱：gave sb a hug/hug sb/embrace sb
情绪类
①高兴：happy/delighted
②感谢：thank/show appreciation/show gratitude/be grateful
【点睛】
【高分句型1】She picked me up and carried me through the crowd as she kept asking me where my parents had been standing. （运用了as引导的时间状语从句和where引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】As I cried in my mother’s arms, my family thanked the nice lady for everything she had done for me.（运用as引导的时间状语从句和省略that的限制性定语从句）
雅礼中学2023届高三月考试卷(五)
本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是C
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does Paul come to the woman’s house this morning?
A. To attend a party. B. To show gratitude. C. To look for his phone.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning, Hailey. I had a wonderful time at your house-warming party last night.
W: Good morning, Paul. I am glad that you came.
M: But can you please help check if my phone is in your house? I can’t find it after leaving the party.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does Felix feel now?
A. Regretful. B. Encouraged. C. Sympathetic.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Why do you look so upset, Felix?
M: I got a very bad grade on my biology test yesterday. I shouldn’t have spent so much time playing computer games the night before the test.
W: It’s no use crying over spilt milk. You should make a change.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the w man offer to do for the man?
A. Practice French with him.
B. Find him a study partner.
C. Introduce him to a foreigner.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I must brush up on my French before I go to Paris.
W: Do you need someone to practice spoken French with? My sister can help. She is preparing for her French speech.
M: How lucky I am. When can I meet her?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man going to do this Friday?
A. Go on a picnic. B. Stay at home. C. Attend a meeting.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Congratulations. Your team has become the best sales team of this quarter. How are you going to celebrate?
M: We’ve decided to take this Friday off and have a picnic beside the lake. And the weather forecast said it would be a fine day.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What caused the power failure?
A. Delaying paying the bill.
B. Using lots of appliances.
C. Repairing the roads.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: The power went off, honey. Did you forget to pay the electricity bill on time?
M: Of course not. What’s the problem? We don’t use any high-powered appliances.
W: Ah, I’ve got it. It was announced yesterday that the power would be cut off anytime, due to the repairs to the roads.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟,听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What might the woman be?
A. A writer. B. A bookseller. C. A publisher.
7. What does the man mean in the end?
A. He can find the book himself.
B. He knows the book very well.
C. He doesn’t like adventure novels.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I am looking for the latest copy of Stephen Edwin King’s book?
W: Do you know the name of the book?
M: Sorry, I forgot it. I just read about it on a website. It’s his newest release. It gave me a feeling of danger and mystery when I read its brief introduction.
W: Well, it might be an adventure novel.
M: I think you are right.
W: Let me look it up. It might be on our database... Well, he has quite a few books published. There is one titled Gwendy’s Final Task and it was published at the beginning of this year.
M: That’s it. Do you have any in stock?
W: Yes. You can find them in the self-help section.
M: Oh, then I know where they are. Thanks.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Where probably are the speakers?
A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a pet store.
9. What is the man’s attitude toward cyber cat petting?
A. Critical. B. Understanding. C. Careless.
10. What do Japanese researchers say about looking at pictures of cats?
A. It can ease people’s stress.
B. It helps people work better.
C. It can improve the family relationship.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Darling, dinner is ready. Why are you watching the cat videos again?
W: Look! The cat is walking down the stairs in a silly costume. I’m really amused by her special steps and have kept watching this video again and again.
M: Ha-ha. No wonder so many people like you are so much into cyber cat petting.
W: Sure thing. It’s not only about fun. I feel energetic and positive after watching cat-related online videos. Some Japanese researchers reported that looking at images of cute animals can improve workers’ performance on the job, because it can increase their attention and promote careful behavior.
M: Oh, I never knew that. Why not go to the pet store to get a cat? I heard that raising a cat can help build strong family relationships.
W: Well, I don’t think we have time to take care of a small animal, since we are always occupied with work.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What did Vicky do to improve her Chinese?
A. She traveled to China.
B. She had classes with her mother.
C. She learned from a tutor online.
12. How much has Vicky paid to improve her Chinese so far?
A. $ 600. B. $ 700. C. $800.
13. How does Vicky sound in the end?
A. Anxious. B. Grateful. C. Surprised.
【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning, Vicky. You really impressed me in the Chinese class yesterday. Mr. Collis praised you to the skies. Did you travel to China during the summer holiday?
W: I didn’t go anywhere this summer. My mother helped me sign up for some online classes.
M: That’s unbelievable. I mean you are able to speak Chinese as fluently as a native speaker.
W: Thanks. Well, if you are interested, I’d like to introduce you to the program.
M: Of course, I am. How does it work?
W: The program offers beginners’ courses at $ 300, intermediate classes at $ 500 and advanced ones at $ 600. The teacher will test your Chinese before deciding which class to put you in.
M: That sounds reasonable. Which type of courses did you take?
W: I started from the beginners’ courses in July and will finish the intermediate classes next month.
M: Wow, you are learning at such a fast pace.
W: Yep. I have never thought of that before until I met my online teacher, Mrs. Wu. She is so knowledgeable, patient and concerned about my learning process.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student.
15. What do we know about big talk?
A. It’s always related to small things.
B. It’s about talking proudly about personal abilities.
C. It’s conversation about important issues.
16. Why did Kalina Silverman skip small talk?
A. She thought small talk is unnecessary.
B. She was eager to connect with others.
C. She wanted to make a fantastic video.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Some phrases. B. School life. C. A meaningful question.
【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: We learned about small talk last class. Do you still remember what it is about, Denise?
W: Well, small talk is short conversation about unimportant subjects. It usually happens when people talk with strangers on social occasions.
M: Good answer. And Mr. Lee asked us to do some research on big talk. Have you done it?
W: Of course.
M: Then I will have a few questions for you.
W: Fire away.
M: Here is my first question. What does big talk mean?
W: It’s not about talking big but means long and meaningful conversation about important issues that can help you get to know the other person better.
M: Where does the phrase come from?
W: I don’t know who first used the phrase. It was Kalina Silverman who made this catchy phrase popular.
M: What did she do?
W: When she first arrived at university, she met new people each day, yet still felt a sense of loneliness and disconnected. So, she tried skipping small talk to make big talk, and immediately noticed she was making more meaningful connections with her peers. Encouraged by the reaction, she made a video, where she approached strangers and asked them the question: “What do you want to do before you die?”
M: I have to say you are really well-prepared for next class.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What does the Missing Post Office do?
A. Deliver letters quickly.
B. Receive unaddressed letters.
C. Publish mailed letters.
19. Where did the artist’s inspiration come from?
A. An art festival. B. A postman. C. Floating items.
20. What can visitors do in the Missing Post Office?
A. Help organize the letters.
B. Buy the postcards they’re interested in.
C. Leave their own letters behind.
【答案】18. B 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【原文】Have you ever wanted to write a letter to someone whose address or name you don’t know? Or perhaps write to someone who has long left this world? The Missing Post Office on Awashima Island in Japan keeps such letters, and it’s open to anyone.
The Missing Post Office was originally part of a contemporary art festival in 2013. It was brought to life by the artist Saya Kubota. She came up with the idea as she walked along the island’s coast and noticed many things floating on the sea.
The Missing Post Office is meant to be the destination of all letters addressed to those unable to receive them. Once letters arrive at the post office, they are placed in one of several tin boxes that are hanging by a wire. They appear to float in the air. They were designed to make wave-like sounds, in keeping with the post office’s drifting theme. On the second and fourth Saturday of each month, visitors can read the various letters and post cards, write their own to leave behind and even bring one home if they feel certain that it’s addressed to them. Please note that posted letters cannot be returned to the sender.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Seasonal city breaks: 4 of the best pre-Christmas European getaways to start your festive spirit.
Zagreb, Croatia
The Croatian capital takes the Christmas seriously, with street decorations, outdoor concerts and a traditional Christmas market. Most of the action is centred on Ban Josip Jelacic Square, which has a history of more than 3 centuries, and European Square. The two squares have market stands and live music performances given by popular musicians.
The recommended hotel: President Pantovcak — Doubles: £200 (a parent and a kid with a 10% discount)
Malaga Spain
Start your day at the Casa Aranda before diving into the Atarazanas Market. In the afternoon, take your pick of the city’s cultural spots the Picasso Museum, or the Centre Pompidou Malaga. Then head to Calle Marques de Larios, the main shopping place, at dusk when the Christmas lights are switched on: the sight attracts visitors from all over Spain.
The recommended hotel: Room Mate Larios — Doubles: £250 (a parent and a kid with a 20% discount)
Le Touquet, France
From 30 November, the trees lining the avenues of this city are decorated with fairy lights, and there are facilities, like a skating spot and horse-drawn carriage rides. The pedestrianized (步行的) street Rue St. Jean is lined with stores selling everything from chocolates to jewellery. Join the locals in gathering cheese at the Marche Couvert and wines at the excellent Le Touquet-Vins.
The recommended hotel: Hotel Bristol — Doubles: £180 (a parent and a kid with a 10% discount)
Aarhus, Denmark
Head to the Latin Quarter for independent stores, cafes and a great Christmas market. Shop for Scandi homeware (家居用品) and fashion on Stroget, the city’s important shopping street, before heading to the rooftop of the historic Sailing Department store, for a glass of wine with views of the city lit up for Christmas.
The recommended hotel: The Mayor Hotel — Doubles: £200 (a parent and a kid with a 20% discount)
21. What can we know about Ban Josip Jelacic Square and European Square?
A. They have a very long history.
B. They offer concerts and stands.
C. They are attractive to those fond of quietness.
D. They are the most attractive places in Croatia.
22. What do Rue St. Jean in Le Touquet and Stroget in Aarhus have in common?
A. They both have lots of entertainment facilities.
B. They both have a lot of well-known museums.
C. They both have a large variety of stores.
D. They are both famous for their culture and tasty foods.
23. Which hotel mentioned above costs the least for a parent with a kid?
A. President Pantovcak. B. Room Mate Larios.
C. Hotel Bristol. D. The Mayor Hotel.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最好的圣诞节前欧洲度假胜地。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Zagreb, Croatia”部分的“The Croatian capital takes the Christmas seriously, with street decorations, outdoor concerts and a traditional Christmas market. Most of the action is centred on Ban Josip Jelacic Square, which has a history of more than 3 centuries, and European Square. The two squares have market stands and live music performances given by popular musicians. (克罗地亚首都很看重圣诞节，有街头装饰，户外音乐会和传统的圣诞市场。大部分活动集中在European Square和有3个多世纪历史的Ban Josip Jelacic Square。这两个广场上有市场摊位和流行音乐家的现场音乐表演。)”可知在Ban Josip Jelacic Square 和 European Square这两个广场上有市场摊位和流行音乐家的现场音乐表演。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Le Touquet, France”部分的“The pedestrianized (步行的) street Rue St. Jean is lined with stores selling everything from chocolates to jewellery.(步行街Rue St. Jean两旁的商店的商品琳琅满目，从巧克力到珠宝应有尽有。)”以及“Aarhus, Denmark”部分的“Head to the Latin Quarter for independent stores, cafes and a great Christmas market. Shop for Scandi homeware (家居用品) and fashion on Stroget, the city’s important shopping street (前往the Latin Quarter，那里有许多独立商店、咖啡店和一个很棒的圣诞市场。到该市重要的购物街Stroget购买Scandi家居用品和时尚品)”可知Rue St. Jean in Le Touquet和Stroget in Aarhus的共同之处在于两者都有大型的购物街。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Zagreb, Croatia”部分的“The recommended hotel: President Pantovcak — Doubles: £200 (a parent and a kid with a 10% discount)(推荐酒店： President Pantovcak —— 双人间：200英镑（一位家长和一个孩子享有10%的优惠）)”可知，在President Pantovcak酒店一位家长和一个孩子的费用是200*(1-10%)=180英镑；根据“Malaga, Spain”部分的“The recommended hotel: Room Mate Larios — Doubles: £250 (a parent and a kid with a 20% discount) (推荐酒店：Room Mate Larios —— 双人间：250英镑（一位家长带一个孩子享有20%的优惠）)”可知在Room Mate Larios酒店一位家长和一个孩子的费用是250*(1-20%)=200英镑；根据“Le Touquet, France”部分的“The recommended hotel: Hotel Bristol — Doubles: £180 (a parent and a kid with a 10% discount) (推荐酒店：Bristol酒店 —— 双人间：180英镑（一位家长带一个孩子享有10%的优惠）)”可知在Brisol酒店一位家长和一个孩子的费用是180*(1-10%)=162英镑；根据“Aarhus, Denmark”部分的“The recommended hotel: The Mayor Hotel — Doubles: £200 (a parent and a kid with a 20% discount) (推荐酒店：The Mayor —— 双人间：200英镑（一位家长带一个孩子优惠20%）)”可知在The Mayor Hotel酒店一位家长和一个孩子的费用是200*(1-20%)=160英镑。由此可知，Mayor酒店对一位家长带一个孩子来说费用最低。故选D。
B
Last summer, Katie Steller pulled off the freeway on her way to work. She stopped at a traffic light, where a man was sitting with a sign asking for help. She rolled down her window and shouted, “I’m driving around giving free haircuts. Do you want one right now?” The man looked to be in his 60s. He was heavyset, balding, and missing a few teeth. He laughed, then paused. “Actually,” he said, “I have a funeral to go. I was really hoping to get a haircut.”
Few minutes later, the man, named Edward, took a seat on a red chair moved down from Steller’s car, and she trimmed his curly graying hair. He told her about growing up in Mississippi, about moving to Minnesota to be closer to his children, and how he still often phoned his mom. After Steller was done, Edward looked in a mirror. “Wow, I look good!” he grinned.
To date, Steller has given 30 or so such haircuts to people around the city. She is keenly aware of the power of her cleanup job. “It’s more than a haircut,” she says.
Steller knows that a haircut can change a life. One changed hers. As a teen, she suffered from a severe bowel disease and her hair thinned drastically. Seeing this, her mother arranged for Steller’s first professional haircut.
“To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness, it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she says. After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own salon. Soon after finishing cosmetology (美容) school in 2009, she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets.
“Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely people looked,” she says. “I thought maybe I can’t fix their problems, but I can help them feel less alone sometimes.”
24. Which of the following best describes Edward?
A. He related everything to Steller.
B. He lived with his mom in Mississippi.
C. He was satisfied with his new haircut.
D He sat by the roadside asking for a haircut.
25. What do we know about the free haircuts?
A. They made people full of power.
B. They helped people solve their problems.
C. They conveyed care and love to people in need.
D. They made Steller’s salon obtain good reputation.
26. What inspired Stellar to start her Red Chair Project?
A. Her wish to talk to people.
B. Her personal experience in her teens.
C. Her mother’s encouragement.
D. Her ambition to start a unique salon.
27. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A Special Hair-dresser B. Edward’s Free Haircut
C. An Amazing Encounter D. More Than a Free Haircut
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Katie Steller通过给别人免费理发，倾听别人的故事，和别人交流来减轻别人孤独感的善举，Katie Steller呼吁大家多给他人给予帮助。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“After Steller was done, Edward looked in a mirror. “Wow, I look good!” he grinned.(斯特勒完事后，爱德华照照镜子。“哇，我看起来很好！”他咧嘴一笑)”可推知，爱德华对自己的新发型很满意。故选C项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Steller knows that a haircut can change a life.(斯特勒知道一个发型可以改变一个人的一生)”以及倒数第二段““To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness, it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she says. After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own salon. Soon after finishing cosmetology school in 2009, she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets.(“坐下来，让别人看着我，像一个人一样和我说话，而不仅仅是一种疾病，这让我感到被关心，不那么孤独，”她说。从那以后，斯特勒知道她想拥有自己的沙龙。2009年从美容学校毕业后不久，她开始了她现在称为“红椅子计划”的项目，向街上的人们伸出援手)”和最后一段““Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely people looked,” she says. “I thought maybe I can’t fix their problems, but I can help them feel less alone sometimes.”(“让我心碎的部分原因是人们看起来多么孤独，”她说。“我想也许我不能解决他们的问题，但有时我可以帮助他们感到不那么孤独。”)”可推知，免费理发的目的是向有需要的人传递关怀和爱。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“As a teen, she suffered from a severe bowel disease and her hair thinned drastically. Seeing this, her mother arranged for Steller’s first professional haircut.(十几岁时，她患了严重的肠道疾病，头发急剧稀疏。看到这一点，她的母亲为斯特勒安排了第一次专业的理发)”以及倒数第二段中““To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness, it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she says. After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own salon. Soon after finishing cosmetology school in 2009, she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets.(“坐下来，让别人看着我，像一个人一样和我说话，而不仅仅是一种疾病，这让我感到被关心，不那么孤独，”她说。从那以后，斯特勒知道她想拥有自己的沙龙。2009年从美容学校毕业后不久，她开始了她现在称为“红椅子计划”的项目，向街上的人们伸出援手)”可知，Stellar十几岁时的经历激发了她开始她的红椅子项目。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“To date, Steller has given 30 or so such haircuts to people around the city. She is keenly aware of the power of her cleanup job. “It’s more than a haircut,” she says.(到目前为止，斯特勒已经为这座城市的人们做了大约30个这样的发型。她敏锐地意识到清洁工作的力量。“这不仅仅是一个发型，”她说)”以及最后一段““Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely people looked,” she says. “I thought maybe I can’t fix their problems, but I can help them feel less alone sometimes.”(“让我心碎的部分原因是人们看起来多么孤独，”她说。“我想也许我不能解决他们的问题，但有时我可以帮助他们感到不那么孤独。”)”可知，本文主要讲述了Katie Steller通过给别人免费理发，和别人交流来减轻别人孤独感的善举。由此可知，D项“More Than a Free Haircut(不仅仅是免费理发)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。
C
“You can come in here at eight o’clock at night to pick up mail,says Trevor Braun, boasting about the post office inside Elmore Store in rural Vermont. A recent Monday saw a steady stream of locals pop in to pick up their post, send packages and buy groceries. The shop and its post office have been at the centre of the small community, since they opened in the early 1800s. But that may soon change.
After the shop’s longtime owner retired, the United States Postal Service(USPS) did not automatically renew the contract with the new owner. Although it does nearly everything a post office does? the USPS can shut it with little notice.
Without the post office? many of the 900 residents would be virtually cut off from the world. Much of the area has no mobile-phone coverage. The post office is where many get their news. Locals got the state’s officials to fight to keep their post office. Contract negotiations are now under way.
It is not just Elmore’s post office that is in jeopardy. The USPS has been in financial trouble for years. Shifts in the way people communicate and pay bills have meant fewer letters in the post. Banking is done electronically and people use social media to send cards, notes and photos. Newspapers increasingly arrive on mobile devices. True, package volume is up because of e-commerce. But the losses are on the opposite.
On February 8th the USPS announced a $ 1.3bn loss in its most recent quarterly results, compared with a $ 288m loss for the same period in 2021. And unlike other federal agencies? the USPS does not receive direct federal funding. It must rely on stamp sales and shipping income.
The USPS cannot afford to wait long for help. Nor can its customers, who include most small businesses and the Social Security Administration, which mails 350m notices a year. About 7m Medicare recipients get at least one medicine through the post. Over 43% of voters cast their votes by mail in 2021. Johnathan Hladik of the Centre for Rural Affairs puts it this way：“If you don’t have the basic equipment like the ability to get dependable mail, small towns like Elmore simply don’t stand a chance.”
28. According to Paragraph 1, what do we know about the post office inside Elmore Store?
A. It allows people to get mail at all times of the day.
B. It wins the praise of Trevor Braun due to its services.
C. It is located at the middle of rural Vermont.
D. It will be changed greatly soon by renovation.
29. What does the phrase “in jeopardy”(Line 1, Para. 4) probably mean?
A. In danger. B. In order. C. In place. D. In vain.
30. Why is the USPS different from other federal agencies ?
A. Because it has suffered the greatest loss in recent quarterly results.
B. Because its financial loss is in excess of $ 288m in 2022.
C. Because it does not have any access to federal funding.
D. Because it makes a profit in limited ways.
31. Which of the following could be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. The USPS is relied heavily on by its customers.
B. Many Medicare recipients cannot get any medicines without USPS.
C. More than 43% of the population will vote by mail in 2022.
D. Elmore will keep the post office due to its basic facilities.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了埃尔莫尔商店内的邮局的现状。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“You can come in here at eight o’clock at night to pick up mail, (你可以在晚上八点来到这里取邮件，)”和“boasting about the post office (对邮局大加赞赏)”可知，埃尔莫尔商店内的邮局赢得了特雷弗·布劳恩的赞誉。B答案中的“wins the praise”与原文意思匹配。故选B。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The USPS has been in financial trouble for years. (美国邮政局多年来一直陷入财务困境。)”可知，美国邮政局多年来一直陷入财务困境。in financial trouble与A答案中的“in danger”表意一致。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“And unlike other federal agencies? the USPS does not receive direct federal funding. It must rely on stamp sales and shipping income. (与其他联邦机构不同？美国邮政服务局不接受联邦直接资助。它必须依靠邮票销售和运输收入。)”可知，与其他联邦机构不同，美国邮政服务局不能直接获取联邦资金，它必须依赖邮票销售和航运收入。所以美国邮政服务局利润有限。C项“Because it does not have any access to federal funding.”说法太绝对，“does not have any access to federal funding”与文中“does not receive direct federal funding”说法不相符。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The USPS cannot afford to wait long for help. Nor can its customers, who include most small businesses and the Social Security Administration, which mails 350m notices a year. About 7m Medicare recipients get at least one medicine through the post. Over 43% of voters cast their votes by mail in 2021. (美国邮政局不能等待太久来获得帮助。它的客户也不能，包括大多数小企业和社会保障局，该局每年发送3.5亿份通知。大约700万医疗保险受助人通过该职位获得至少一种药物。)”可知，该段强调美国邮政服务局对于其客户的重要性。并引用人物话语“If you don’t have the basic equipment like the ability to get dependable mail, small towns like Elmore simply don’t stand a chance. (如果你没有获得可靠邮件的能力这样的基本设备，像埃尔莫尔这样的小镇根本就没有机会。)”以说明埃尔莫尔请求保留邮局的原因。故选A。
D
Earthquakes cannot be forecast, but engineers can prepare for them. Seismic-isolation (减震) systems built into the bases of certain buildings in high-risk areas use complex structures of concrete, rubber and metal to reduce quake damage by absorbing the ground’s horizontal movement.
But such adaptations are expensive. Engineer Jian Zhang of the University of California says adding seismic isolation can increase construction costs by up to 20 percent. While these systems might save more than they cost over time, builders in some earthquake-prone (地震多发的) regions may not have the budget for them in advance.
A new seismic-isolation method uses the physics of rolling to create a simpler, lower-cost alternative with readily available materials: recycled tennis balls.
Zurich seismic engineer Michalis Vassiliou, team based its method on an early form of seismic isolation that rolls a shaking building to a stop the way a skater in a half-pipe eventually comes to rest. By separating a building from the ground with a layer of spheres (球体) in a certain shape, rolling isolation transforms horizontal shaking into a gentle rocking motion and uses friction to further restrain the movement. This method was used in 5,000-year-old Peruvian pyramids, but today builders favor expensive, standardized isolation systems.
For their modern rolling seismic isolation, the researchers injected cement-like mixes into hundreds of balls that had lost their bounce. They built an inexpensive model consisting of four filled tennis balls sandwiched between two concrete layers, and they found it supported eight kilonewtons of force per ball-about twice what isolation systems might experience under one-story houses.
Zhang says the work is worthwhile and that such technology might serve an unmet need. But she notes that the results are primary, which Vassiliou agrees; next steps will mean creating and testing a larger model with hundreds of tennis balls at a research center in earthquake-prone Cuba, where such systems could make isolation practicable in ordinary construction.
Vassiliou says he has received funding to field-test the system and partner with scientists on the ground to improve the invention. “For this to actually be implemented,” he adds, “you need to develop it with engineers from low-income countries so that it actually addresses their needs.”
32. According to Paragraphs 1 and 2, which of the following is TRUE of seismic-isolation systems?
A. They can help prevent earthquakes.
B. They absorb vertical movement in the earthquake.
C. They can benefit people and society in a long term.
D. The installation of them is the initial consideration of the builders.
33. For what reason are the 5,000-year-old Peruvian pyramids mentioned?
A. To show the simplicity of early seismic isolation.
B. To show the practicability of early seismic isolation.
C. To show the long history in reducing earthquake damage.
D. To show the inconvenience of old-fashioned seismic-isolation approach.
34. What is the unique feature of the modern rolling seismic isolation compared with the old one?
A. It can stand up to earthquake shaking.
B. It is built and tested in scientific libraries.
C. It has cement-like mixes injected into tennis balls.
D. It uses balls to divide buildings from the ground.
35. What does Vassiliou think of the modern method of rolling seismic isolation?
A. He thinks it still needs a huge amount of money.
B. He thinks it requires cooperation across borders.
C. He thinks it has made much progress in actual use.
D. He thinks it is well worth inventing to meet the need.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。为了减少地震带来的损害，科学家们研究了一种新的减震系统，该系统利用滚动的物理原理，用现成的材料创造出一种更简单、成本更低的选择：回收网球。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Earthquakes cannot be forecast, but engineers can prepare for them. Seismic-isolation (减震) systems built into the bases of certain buildings in high-risk areas use complex structures of concrete, rubber and metal to reduce quake damage by absorbing the ground’s horizontal movement.(地震无法预测，但工程师可以做好准备。在高风险地区的某些建筑物基础上建造的减震系统使用混凝土、橡胶和金属的复杂结构，通过吸收地面的水平运动来减少地震破坏。)”和第二段最后一句中的“While these systems might save more than they cost over time(随着时间的推移，这些系统节省的费用可能远远超过成本)”可推知，减震系统是长效的，可以长期造福人民和社会。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段倒中“By separating a building from the ground with a layer of spheres (球体) in a certain shape, rolling isolation transforms horizontal shaking into a gentle rocking motion and uses friction to further restrain the movement. This method was used in 5,000-year-old Peruvian pyramids,(通过用一层特定形状球体将建筑物与地面隔开，滚动隔震将水平震动转化为温和的摇晃运动，并利用摩擦进一步抑制运动。这种方法被用于5000年前的秘鲁金字塔)”可推知，第四段最后一句中提到有5000年历史的秘鲁金字塔是为了证明早期地震隔离的实用性。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“For their modern rolling seismic isolation, the researchers injected cement-like mixes into hundreds of balls that had lost their bounce. They built an inexpensive model consisting of four filled tennis balls sandwiched between two concrete layers, and they found it supported eight kilonewtons of force per ball-about twice what isolation systems might experience under one-story houses.(为了实现现代滚动隔震，研究人员将水泥状混合物注入数百个失去弹性的球中。他们建造了一个廉价的模型，由四个填充网球夹在两个混凝土层之间组成，他们发现每个球所承受的力为8千牛顿，大约是一层房屋下隔离系统的两倍。)”可知，与旧的滚动隔震相比，现代滚动隔震的独特之处在于它将水泥状混合物注入网球中。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Vassiliou的话“you need to develop it with engineers from low-income countries so that it actually addresses their needs(你需要与低收入国家的工程师一起开发它，这样它才能真正满足他们的需求)”可知，瓦西里欧认为，滚动隔震的现代方法需要跨国合作。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。
How to stop glasses fogging up with a face mask
Wearing a mask keeps you safe during the pandemic, but it comes with its own set of challenges. And, one of the biggest drawbacks of wearing a mask is how much your glasses fog up and affect your vision. Taking off your glasses to wipe them clean each time they fog up is not only frustrating, but it can also increase the risk of infection. ____36____Here are some tricks to stop it.
Twist your mask strings.
From the side, once you twist it, the strings will look like the figure eight. This is great for stopping fogging because it redirects your breath by putting slight downward pressure on the top part of the mask. ____37____. This may leave you infected by virus.
Wash your glasses with soap.
If you wash your glasses with soap, this creates a thin film on your lenses which limits fogging. Use a fragrance-free soap and mix it with warm water. ____38____ , and let them air dry. When you wear your glasses next, soap molecules on your lenses should block fogging.
Use tissues.
You can put a tissue under the top part of the mask. ____39____To do this DIY trick properly, you should fold a tissue in half and place the straight edge along the bridge of your nose.
Change the position of your masks and glasses.
____40____ But if you do this there are a few things to keep in mind. Firstly, you need to make sure that your mask still covers your chin (下巴) after you pull it up. And, if your prescription (解决方案) is stronger, this trick could impact your vision and cause increased blurriness (模糊强度).
A. Put your glasses in it
B. Wash your glasses with a soap
C. It will help catch air and damp, keeping your glasses free of fog
D. So the key is to prevent or minimize fogging due to face masks
E. Cover your chin with masks to prevent the need for re-positioning when talking
F. Though, it’s worth noting that it does create a slight gap between the mask and your face
G. Pull up your mask and draw your glasses down, blocking your breath from rising upwards
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. A 39. C 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。现在人们都需要戴口罩防止疫情感染，但是戴口罩的最大缺点之一是眼镜会起雾，影响视力。文章对如何防止戴口罩眼镜起雾提出了几点方法。
【36题详解】
根据标题“How to stop glasses fogging up with a face mask(如何防止戴口罩眼镜起雾)”和前文“Taking off your glasses to wipe them clean each time they fog up is not only frustrating, but it can also increase the risk of infection. (每次起雾时摘下眼镜擦拭干净不仅令人沮丧，而且还会增加感染风险。)”可知，此处是讲要防止口罩引起的雾气，所以选项D“因此，关键是防止或尽量减少口罩引起的雾气”切合文意。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据后文“This may leave you infected by virus.(这可能会让你感染病毒。)”和前文“This is great for stopping fogging because it redirects your breath by putting slight downward pressure on the top part of the mask(这是防止起雾的好方法，因为它通过在口罩顶部施加轻微的向下压力来改变你的呼吸方向)”可知，前后构成转折关系，对应选项F中的though，后文中的this是指选项F中的“it does create a slight gap between the mask and your face”，所以选项F“不过，值得注意的是，它确实在口罩和你的脸之间产生了一个微小的间隙”切合文意。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据前文“Use a fragrance-free soap and mix it with warm water.(使用无香味的肥皂，并将其与温水混合。)”和后文“and let them air dry(让它们风干)”可知，此处是指将眼镜放在肥皂水里，所以选项A“把你的眼镜放进去”切合文意。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据前文“You can put a tissue under the top part of the mask. (你可以在口罩的顶部放一张纸巾。)”和后文“To do this DIY trick properly, you should fold a tissue in half and place the straight edge along the bridge of your nose.(要正确地DIY这个技巧，你应该把一张纸巾对折，沿鼻梁放置直边。)”可知，此处是讲放置纸巾的好处，所以选项C“它将有助于吸收空气和湿气，使您的眼镜免受雾”切合文意。故选C。
【40题详解】
根据小标题“Change the position of your masks and glasses.(改变口罩和眼镜的位置。)”和后文“Firstly, you need to make sure that your mask still covers your chin (下巴) after you pull it up.(首先，你需要确保你的口罩拉起后仍然覆盖着你的下巴。)”可知，此处是指把口罩拉上去，把眼镜拉下来。所以选项G“拉起口罩，放下眼镜，阻挡呼吸上升”切合文意。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If someone said they’d pay you 1,800 dollars to stay off social media for six years, would you do it? Could you? Sivert Klefsaas did just that. “It was ____41____” Sivert told CNN, “I thought, ‘Ah, what’s 6 more years?’”
In 2016, Lorna Klefsaas ____42____ her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18. If he completed the challenge, she’d award him the ____43____on his eighteenth birthday. On February 19, 2022, Sivert ____44____ his prize.
Lorna was inspired by a “16 for 16” ____45____, where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she ____46____ 16 for keeping off social media. She decided to up the ante (赌注) to two ____47____ years and 200 dollars more.
For Sivert it wasn’t too difficult to ____48____ social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years. As a 12-year-old, Sivert wasn’t using social media much ____49____. The only app he had prior to the bet was Snapchat — which he _____50_____ a day after trying it out. There was never a time when Sivert was about to break. As it went on, it was more of a(n) _____51_____ thing. He also had his friends to keep him _____52_____ on the latest information or trends so as to avoid all the unnecessary drama that was on there.
Lorna never had to check for any _____53_____ downloaded apps since he’s so competitive and it was definitely more for proving a point. It also meant he had more time to focus on his _____54_____ and sports instead. Lorna noted that they were certainly not against social media, but it’s the healthy using of it. It’s about not letting oneself get _____55_____ by it, or addicted to it, or affected by things that people post.
41. A. frustrating B. awful C. terrific D. awkward
42. A. dared B. begged C. promised D. forbade
43. A. media B. honor C. credit D. cash
44. A. claimed B. declared C. missed D. presented
45. A. exchange B. bet C. joke D. story
46. A. grew B. turned C. became D. passed
47. A. whole B. demanding C. peaceful D. extra
48 A. keep up with B. do away with C. live without D. get down to
49. A. therefore B. instead C. otherwise D. anyway
50. A. deleted B. downloaded C. developed D. decreased
51. A. effort B. pride C. shame D. fool
52. A. at an advantage B. in advance C. up to date D. out of reach
53. A. seriously B. purposefully C. secretly D. eagerly
54. A. network B. grades C. self-esteem D. privacy
55. A. weighed down B. cut down C. turned down D. slowed down
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. C 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了母亲Lorna和儿子Sivert打赌让儿子远离社交媒体的故事。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这太棒了，”Sivert告诉CNN，“我想，‘啊，再来六年又有何妨?’”A. frustrating令人懊恼的，令人沮丧的；B. awful糟糕的；C. terrific极好的；D. awkward令人尴尬的，难对付的。由下文“Sivert told CNN, “I thought, ‘Ah, what’s 6 more years?’”以及上文“Sivert Klefsaas did just that.”可知Sivert认为远离社交媒体6年得到1800美元太好了，故选C。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，Lorna Klefsaas向她12岁的儿子Sivert发起挑战，让他在18岁之前远离社交媒体。A. dared向……挑战；B. begged请求，乞求；C. promised承诺，保证；D. forbade禁止。由下文“If he completed the challenge, she’d award him the ____3____on his eighteenth birthday.”可知ALorna Klefsaas向她儿子发起了挑战。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他能完成这个挑战，她就会在他18岁生日那天给他现金奖励。A. media媒体；B. honor荣誉；C. credit信用，赞扬，学分，存款金额；D. cash现金。由第一段中的“If someone said they’d pay you 1,800 dollars to stay off social media for six years, would you do it? Could you? Sivert Klefsaas did just that.”以及下文“She decided to up the ante (赌注) to two __7__ years and 200 dollars more.”可知完成挑战Sivert就能获得1800美元的现金，而且他做到了。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2022年2月19日，Sivert得到了他的奖金。A. claimed认领，赢得，声称；B. declared宣称，公布，宣告；C. missed错过，思念；D. presented展示，赠送。由上文“Sivert Klefsaas did just that.”以及“In 2016, Lorna Klefsaas ___2___ her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18.”可知Sivert挑战成功，在2022年2月19日他18岁生日的那天拿到了他的奖金，claim“获得，赢得”符合句意。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lorna受到一个“16换16”的赌约的启发，一位母亲答应女儿，如果女儿坚持不使用社交媒体，她就会在女儿满16岁时给她1600美元的奖励。A. exchange交换，互换；B. bet打赌；C. joke玩笑；D. story故事，叙述。由下文“where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she ___6____16 for keeping off social media. She decided to up the ante (赌注) to two ___7___ years and 200 dollars more.”可知这是母亲和女儿在打赌。 故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lorna受到一个“16换16”的赌约的启发，一位母亲答应女儿，如果女儿坚持不使用社交媒体，她就会在女儿满16岁时给她1600美元的奖励。A. grew成长，变得；B. turned变成，到达，超过（某一年龄或时间）；C. became变成；D. passed经过，传递。由句意可知，如果女儿坚持不使用社交媒体，她就会在女儿满16岁时给她1600美元的奖励，turn“到达，超过（某一年龄或时间）”符合句意，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她决定把这一期限延长两年，奖金也增加200美元。A. whole全部的，整个的；B. demanding费时费力的，苛刻的；C. peaceful宁静的，和平的；D. extra额外的，外加的。根据第二段中“In 2016, Lorna Klefsaas ____2____ her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18.”和上文“where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she ____6____ 16 for keeping off social media.”以及空前的“She decided to up the ante (赌注)”可知，与那对母女之间的打赌相比Lorna把打赌的期限又延长了两年，extra符合句意。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对Sivert 来说，没有社交媒体的日子也并不太难过，这六年来他也不怎么想这事。A. keep up with赶上，与……保持联系；B. do away with废除，去掉；C. live without在没……的情况下生活；D. get down to开始做某事，开始认真注意（或对待）某事。根据赌约内容以及下文“There was never a time when Sivert was about to break. ”可知Sivert一直没用社交媒体，他也不觉得这样的日子很难。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：反正12岁的Sivert也并不怎么使用社交媒体。A. therefore因此；B. instead反而；C. otherwise否则，不然；D. anyway而且，加之，反正。由上文“For Sivert it wasn’t too difficult to ___8___ social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years.”可知此句进一步阐述Sivert没有社交媒体的日子也不太难过的原因，anyway“而且，反正”符合句意。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在接受挑战前用过的唯一一个应用软件就是Snapchat，他试用了一天就卸载了。A. deleted删除；B. downloaded下载；C. developed开发，发展；D. decreased减少，降低。由上文“As a 12-year-old, Sivert wasn’t using social media much ____9____.”以及空前的“The only app he had prior to the bet was Snapchat”可推断Snapchat他使用一天就卸载了，delete“删去，删除”符合句意。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间推移，这件事带给他的更多的是一种自豪感。A. effort 努力，艰难的尝试；B. pride自豪，自尊；C. shame羞耻，羞愧；D. fool傻瓜。由上文“There was never a time when Sivert was about to break.”以及最后一段中的“since he’s so competitive and it was definitely more for proving a point.”可推断，随着时间的推移，能够一直远离社交媒体带给他成就感和自豪感。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：此外，Sivert还可以通过朋友来获知最新的信息或潮流以避开社交媒体上各种无谓的剧情。A. at an advantage处于有利地位，处于优势；B. in advance事先，提前；C. up to date最新的，拥有（或包含）最新信息的；D. out of reach够不着。由上文Sivert远离社交媒体以及下文“so as to avoid all the unnecessary drama that was on there.”可知Siver通过朋友获得最新信息，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Lorna从来不需要检查儿子是否偷偷下载了应用程序，因为他的胜负欲很强，他的坚持更多的是为了证明自己。A. seriously严肃地，严重地；B. purposefully有目的地，自觉地；C. secretly私底下地，暗暗地；D. eagerly急切地。由下文“since he’s so competitive and it was definitely more for proving a point.”可知Sivert很想赢得这个挑战，因此Lorna不需要检查是否Sivert偷偷的下载了应用程序。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也意味着他有更多的时间来关注他的成绩和运动。A. network网络，人际关系网；B. grades成绩等级，分数；C. self-esteem自尊；D. privacy隐私。由文中内容可知接受挑战时，Sivert还未成年，由此可知，他把更多的精力放在学习上，符合语境。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Lorna指出她们当然不反对社交媒体，但是她们看重的是健康的使用习惯。不要被社交媒体拖累、不要让自己上瘾，也不要被人们分享的东西所影响。A. weighed down使烦恼，使焦虑，压弯；B. cut down削减，缩短，砍倒；C. turned down拒绝，调低；D. slowed down减速。由上文的“but it’s the healthy using of it”以及下文的“or addicted to it, or affected by things that people post”可知他们倡导健康使用社交媒体，不要因为社交媒体而不堪重负，上瘾或受别人分享的东西影响。由此可知，weighed down“使烦恼，使焦虑，压弯”符合句意。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In and around China’s southwestern Sichuan Province, one can often find folk artists producing sugar paintings with liquid sugar along the streets and in the parks.
According to some academic studies, sugar painting ____56____(date) back to the Ming Dynasty when sugar animals and figures were made in moulds (模具) as part of a sacrifice in religion ceremonies. In the Qing Dynasty, sugar painting gained more popularity. The production techniques ____57____(upgrade) and the patterns became more various, most of ____58____stood for good luck such as the fish, dragon and monkey. Afterward, the folk artists in Sichuan developed this art by adding techniques of the Chinese shadow puppet and Chinese paper cutting, the moulds ____59____(replace) with a small bronze spoon. As time passed ____60____ the contemporary form of sugar painting has gradually evolved.
Although the number of sugar painters has____61____(remarkable) decreased, due to its unique charm, ____62____certain number of artists are making efforts ____63____(preserve) it by offering classes, holding relevant ____64____(activity) such as sugar painting contests and applying to be added to the list of National Intangible Cultural Heritage.
Nowadays, this art is getting support again from the general public and it has already been listed as Provincial Intangible Culture Heritage by the Sichuan Provincial Government. Moreover, the sugar painting artists have gained increasing ____65____(recognize).
【答案】56. dates
57. were upgraded
58. which 59. replaced 60. by
61. remarkably 62. a
63. to preserve
64. activities
65. recognition
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在中国西南部的四川省及其周边地区，人们经常可以在街头和公园里发现民间艺术家用液态糖制作糖画。文章对这种传统艺术形式进行了介绍。
【56题详解】
考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：根据一些学术研究，糖画可以追溯到明朝，当时在宗教仪式中，作为祭品的一部分，糖画动物和人物用模具制作。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。主语sugar painting为第三人称单数。故填dates。
【57题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：生产技术得到了升级，图案变得更加多样，其中大多数代表着好运，如鱼、龙和猴。根据“the patterns became more various”可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词upgrade意为“升级”，和主语构成被动关系。主语techniques为复数形式。故填were upgraded。
【58题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：生产技术得到了升级，图案变得更加多样，其中大多数代表着好运，如鱼、龙和猴。在非限制性定语从句中缺少介词of的宾语，且先行词为patterns，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
【59题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：后来，四川的民间艺术家通过增加中国皮影和中国剪纸的技术发展了这门艺术，用小青铜勺代替了模具。动词replace意为“代替”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语moulds构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故填replaced。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，当代糖画形式逐渐演变。pass by意为“（时间）推移”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词by表示“经过”。故填by。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：尽管糖画师的数量显著减少，但由于其独特的魅力，一定数量的艺术家正在努力通过举办课程、举办糖画比赛等相关活动并申请加入国家非物质文化遗产名录来保护糖画。修饰动词decreased应用副词remarkably表示“显著地”作状语，故填remarkably。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：尽管糖画师的数量显著减少，但由于其独特的魅力，一定数量的艺术家正在努力通过举办课程、举办糖画比赛等相关活动并申请加入国家非物质文化遗产名录来保护糖画。根据系动词are可知，此处是指一定数量的艺术家，a number of意为“大量的”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用冠词a。故填a。
【63题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：尽管糖画师的数量显著减少，但由于其独特的魅力，一定数量的艺术家正在努力通过举办课程、举办糖画比赛等相关活动并申请加入国家非物质文化遗产名录来保护糖画。做出努力的目的是保护糖画，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to preserve。
【64题详解】
考查可数名词复数。句意：尽管糖画师的数量显著减少，但由于其独特的魅力，一定数量的艺术家正在努力通过举办课程、举办糖画比赛等相关活动并申请加入国家非物质文化遗产名录来保护糖画。根据“such as sugar painting contests”可知，此处是指很多活动，activity意为“活动”，为可数名词，所以应用复数形式。故填activities。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，糖画艺术家获得了越来越多的认可。此处应用名词recognition表示“认可”作宾语。故填recognition。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter正在准备明年来中国的旅游，并发邮件请你推荐一处湖南的旅游景点。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 景点名称；
2. 景区简介；
3. 发出邀请。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
So pleased to know that you are planning for your trip to China and my recommendation for a must-see scenic spot is Zhangjiajie.
Located in the northwest of Hunan, Zhangjjajie is renowned for its stunning beauty of Wulingyuan, which boasts complicated landforms, with diverse hills rising from the ground and never-ending creeks winding through. Thus, it is a paradise for nature and outdoor lovers. You’ll definitely be overwhelmed by the breathtaking scenery while walking there.
It is suitable to visit Zhangjiajie all through the year and I strongly advise you come to see the natural wonder for yourself. Wish you an enjoyable trip in China!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给正在为明年来中国旅游做准备的英国朋友Peter回信，给他推荐一处湖南的旅游景点。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：pleased→delighted
因……而闻名：be renowned for→be famous for
建议：advise→suggest
令人愉快的：enjoyable→pleasant
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：So pleased to know that you are planning for your trip to China and my recommendation for a must-see scenic spot is Zhangjiajie.
拓展句：Pleased to know that you are planning for your trip to China, I recommend Zhangjiajie as a must-see scenic spot.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Located in the northwest of Hunan, Zhangjjajie is renowned for its stunning beauty of Wulingyuan, which boasts complicated landforms, with diverse hills rising from the ground and never-ending creeks winding through. （运用了非谓语动词作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】You’ll definitely be overwhelmed by the breathtaking scenery while walking there.（运用了while引导的状语从句的省略）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When I was about six years old, my family and I went to Disneyland one weekend and had a wonderful day full of excitement. Little did I know that the real excitement wasn’t to begin until that night.
While we watched the fireworks, I began to get an urge to go to the restroom, but I didn’t want to miss the show. I overheard my sister Isabel talking to my mom, and I got closer to them to hear what they were talking about.
“Mom, I’m going to the bathroom with Lizette, okay?” said Isabel.
“Okay,” my mom replied, “but stay together. I don’t want any of you getting lost. ”
The second I saw my sisters leaving, I didn’t think twice before running after them—without telling my parents. As I followed them through the huge crowd of people, I started to lose sight of them. I began to panic as I scanned the crowd for them. Crazy thoughts ran through my head like “What if I never see my family again?”
I gave up trying to find my sisters and tried to get back to my family, but I was completely mixed up. After searching for what seemed like forever, I couldn’t hold back my tears, and I started crying like I had never cried before.
“Mommy!” I cried out. But everyone around me was too caught up by the fireworks to pay any attention to me.
I tried to stop the scary thoughts that were going through my head and started running as fast as I could...anywhere...everywhere. I was going crazy. I’m only six, and I’ve gotten lost. “What have I done? How could I have been so dumb to run off without telling anyone?” I thought.
With my face wet from tears, I kept running, pulling at people’s pants and crying, “Mommy!” I was hoping, wishing, that one of these adults would be one of my parents.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Luckily, I felt a pat on my shoulder and a gentle voice came, “Are you lost?”
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, through the crowd of people, I recognized a face.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Luckily, I felt a pat on my shoulder and a gentle voice came, “Are you lost”? “Yeeesss!” I cried. It was a lady working at Disney. She picked me up and carried me through the crowd as she kept asking me where my parents had been standing. As I began to feel safe in the lady’s arms, I calmed down and thought for a few minutes. I remembered we had been leaning against a wooden fence. She carried me around the wooden fence, asking random people, “Is this your child?” “No. Sorry,” everyone kept saying. You’re sorry? Look at me. I’m looking for my mommy, I thought.
Finally, through the crowd of people, I recognized a face. I was so happy. “Mommy!” I shouted as I pointed toward her so the lady could carry me to her. When the lady put me down, I ran to my mom and gave her a huge hug. I couldn’t let go of her. I didn’t want to lose her again. As I cried in my mother’s arms, my family thanked the nice lady for everything she had done for me. For the rest of the evening and the entire next day, I was more concerned with making sure that my parents were within my sight at all times than I was with seeing the sights at Disneyland. I look back at these memories and laugh at myself, but to this day, I always make sure to tell someone where I am going before I run off.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为读后续写，文章讲述了作者一次难忘的经历。作者跟家人去迪士尼游玩，没告诉家人的情况下跟着姐姐们去卫生间，结果与家人走散。作者哭着到处找家人，但是大家都沉浸在烟火表演中。就在作者无助时，有人发现了与家人走散的作者，并带着作者找到了家人。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“幸运的是，我感到有人拍了拍我的肩膀，一个温柔的声音传来：‘你迷路了吗?’”可知，第一段可描写有人发现作者与家人走散，并带着作者去找家人。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，在人群中，我认出了一张脸。”可知，第二段可描写作者找到了家人，家人表示感谢。
2. 续写线索：询问情况——帮助找家人——找到家人——感谢——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①镇定下来：calm down/compose oneself
②跑向某人：run to sb/rush to sb
③拥抱：gave sb a hug/hug sb/embrace sb
情绪类
①高兴：happy/delighted
②感谢：thank/show appreciation/show gratitude/be grateful
【点睛】
【高分句型1】She picked me up and carried me through the crowd as she kept asking me where my parents had been standing. （运用了as引导的时间状语从句和where引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】As I cried in my mother’s arms, my family thanked the nice lady for everything she had done for me.（运用as引导的时间状语从句和省略that的限制性定语从句）
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